A preparation process for an alkaline soil conditioner concentrated from fermented organic acids.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of soil amendment technology and discloses a process for preparing an alkaline soil amendment by fermenting and concentrating organic acids. The process includes the following steps: fermenting a carbon- and nitrogen-containing raw material using a co-culture system composed of multiple microbial strains with complementary metabolic functions to generate organic acids during fermentation; controlling the synthesis efficiency of the target product through the recombination and optimization of metabolic pathways during fermentation to achieve a substrate conversion rate of 80%–95%; and dynamically regulating environmental parameters during fermentation, including pH, dissolved oxygen levels, and nutrient supply, to optimize microbial growth and organic acid production. This invention achieves efficient production of alkaline soil amendments with high concentrations of organic acids by optimizing microbial strains and metabolic pathways, significantly improving the amendment effect and its durability. Simultaneously, the use of ultrasonic-assisted concentration technology and a heat recovery system greatly reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil improvement technology, specifically to a process for preparing an alkaline soil conditioner by fermenting and concentrating organic acids. Background Technology

[0002] Alkaline soils are widely distributed across the globe, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. The high pH, ​​salinity, and poor physical structure of these soils severely limit crop growth and agricultural productivity. Therefore, improving alkaline soils has always been a crucial issue in agricultural production. To improve the properties of alkaline soils, various soil conditioners have been developed, aiming to lower soil pH, remove salinity, improve soil structure, and ultimately enhance the growing environment and yield of crops.

[0003] Currently, existing alkaline soil conditioners include chemical conditioners (such as aluminum sulfate and gypsum), organic conditioners (such as compost and humus), and some natural minerals. Chemical conditioners neutralize alkaline components in the soil through chemical reactions, thereby lowering the soil pH. Organic conditioners improve the soil's physical structure and biological activity by increasing soil organic matter. In addition, some organic acid conditioners based on microbial fermentation are also used. These conditioners utilize organic acids to neutralize alkaline components while promoting the removal of salts and alkalis from the soil, thus improving soil structure and fertility.

[0004] While existing alkaline soil conditioners can promote the removal of salt and alkali from the soil and improve soil structure and fertility, they still have some shortcomings. Chemical conditioners can easily lead to an imbalance in the soil's microbial community, and long-term use can cause soil degradation and affect the ecological environment. Organic conditioners, on the other hand, are insufficient in terms of speed of action and resource utilization efficiency, and their effects on soils with high salinity and alkalinity are limited. Although fermentation-based organic acid conditioners can improve soil structure to some extent, their production process is often energy-intensive and inefficient, resulting in high costs, and the concentration of organic acids produced is low, making it difficult to quickly exert a conditioning effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a process for preparing an alkaline soil conditioner through fermentation and organic acid concentration. By optimizing microbial strains and metabolic pathways, this invention achieves efficient production of alkaline soil conditioners with high concentrations of organic acids, significantly improving the soil amendment effect and its durability. Simultaneously, the use of ultrasonic-assisted concentration technology and a heat recovery system greatly reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions, solving the problems of low efficiency, poor environmental performance, and high cost inherent in existing technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a process for preparing an alkaline soil conditioner by fermentation and concentration of organic acids, comprising the following steps: Raw materials containing carbon and nitrogen sources are fermented through a co-culture system, which consists of multiple microbial strains with complementary metabolic functions, used to generate organic acids during the fermentation process; By reorganizing and optimizing metabolic pathways during fermentation, the synthesis efficiency of the target product can be controlled, achieving a substrate conversion rate of 80%–95%. Dynamically regulate environmental parameters during fermentation, including pH, dissolved oxygen levels, and nutrient supply, to optimize microbial growth and organic acid production; After fermentation is complete, the fermentation broth is concentrated. During the concentration process, heat energy is recovered and ultrasonic technology is used to assist in the concentration, so as to improve the purity and concentration of organic acids. Concentrated organic acids are used to improve alkaline soils, thereby improving soil structure by adjusting soil pH and promoting the removal of salt and alkali.

[0007] Preferably, the raw materials fermented through the co-culture system containing carbon and nitrogen sources include: Screening for acid-resistant and highly efficient acid-producing microbial strains from existing strain banks; During fermentation, the strain was genetically optimized using gene editing technology to enable it to grow stably in an environment with a pH of 3.5–6.0. The ratio of bacterial strains in the co-culture system was adjusted to achieve optimal acid production efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, the reorganization and optimization of the metabolic pathway includes: Multiple metabolic pathways were introduced into microbial strains using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, enabling them to produce lactic acid and acetic acid simultaneously. By regulating the expression levels of key enzymes in metabolic pathways, the conversion rate of substrates to target products can be optimized. Metabolic regulators are introduced during fermentation to increase the yield of the target product and inhibit the formation of byproducts.

[0009] Preferably, the environmental parameters for dynamically controlling the fermentation process include: During the fermentation process, the pH value of the fermentation broth was monitored in real time, and the pH value was adjusted between 3.0 and 6.5 by adding acid and alkali. Dissolved oxygen levels are monitored by sensors, and oxygen supply is adjusted based on real-time data to maintain dissolved oxygen levels between 2 and 5 mg / L. Periodically adjust the input of carbon and nitrogen sources to maintain the carbon-nitrogen ratio at 10:1 to 20:1 in order to promote the optimal growth of microorganisms and acid production efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment of the dissolved oxygen level further includes: Different oxygen supply strategies were set up at different stages of fermentation. Higher oxygen supply was used in the early stage of fermentation to promote the growth of microorganisms. In the later stages of fermentation, the oxygen supply is reduced to decrease the formation of byproducts under aerobic conditions, thereby increasing the purity of the target organic acid.

[0011] Preferably, the concentration process includes: Before concentration, filtration technology is used to remove solid impurities from the fermentation broth; During the concentration process, at least 60% to 80% of the heat energy is recovered using a heat exchanger to preheat the feed and maintain the temperature of the fermentation environment; Ultrasonic-assisted concentration technology operates within the ultrasonic frequency range of 20–40 kHz to reduce the energy consumption required by traditional heating methods.

[0012] Preferably, the ultrasonic-assisted concentration technology further includes: During the ultrasonic concentration process, the ultrasonic intensity is adjusted to 1–3 W / cm. 2 With an action time of 5–30 minutes, the concentration effect of organic acids is optimized; Monitor the temperature of the fermentation broth to ensure that it does not exceed 40°C during the concentration process to prevent degradation of organic acids.

[0013] Preferably, the improvement of the alkaline soil further includes the following steps: Mix concentrated organic acid with water at a ratio of 1:10,000 and spray it evenly on the soil surface. Monitor soil pH changes for 7–14 days after spraying, and conduct a second treatment based on the monitoring results to further optimize the soil pH to between 6.0 and 7.5; During the treatment process, infiltration drainage technology is used to promote the removal of salt and alkali, further improving the soil structure.

[0014] Preferably, the infiltration drainage technology includes: Deep infiltration methods are used in soil treatment to ensure that organic acids can penetrate into the soil to a depth of at least 30 centimeters; Within 3 to 6 months after treatment, the physical structure and organic matter content of the soil should be monitored regularly to ensure the durability of the improvement effect.

[0015] Preferably, the fermentation raw materials are agricultural waste and food processing residues, and the raw materials are pretreated before fermentation, including but not limited to crushing, drying and hydrolysis, to improve fermentation efficiency and organic acid yield.

[0016] This invention provides a process for preparing an alkaline soil conditioner through fermentation and organic acid concentration. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention achieves a significant increase in fermentation efficiency and organic acid yield through optimized strain selection and metabolic pathway reorganization. The fermentation process exhibits higher substrate conversion rates and fewer byproducts, ensuring high product purity and stability while greatly improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0017] 2. This invention, by employing ultrasonic-assisted concentration technology combined with an advanced heat recovery system, effectively reduces energy consumption during the concentration process and decreases dependence on external energy sources. Simultaneously, this process significantly reduces emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, demonstrating strong energy-saving and environmental benefits and enhancing the sustainability of the entire production process.

[0018] 3. This invention demonstrates excellent pH regulation and significant salt and alkali removal effects in soil improvement through the concentration of organic acids. Its improvement effect is not only rapid but also long-lasting, significantly improving the physical structure and microbial environment of the soil, thereby providing more suitable growing conditions for crops and enhancing agricultural productivity and soil health. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see the appendix Figure 1 This invention provides a process for preparing an alkaline soil conditioner by fermenting and concentrating organic acids, comprising the following steps: The raw materials containing carbon and nitrogen sources are fermented through a co-culture system. The co-culture system consists of multiple microbial strains with complementary metabolic functions, which are used to generate organic acids during the fermentation process. By using multiple strains with complementary metabolic functions for co-culture, not only is the fermentation efficiency improved, but the types of organic acids generated are also enriched. By reorganizing and optimizing metabolic pathways during fermentation, the synthesis efficiency of the target product is controlled, achieving a substrate conversion rate of 80%–95%. This reorganization and optimization enables the strain to convert the substrate into the target organic acid more efficiently, reaching a conversion rate of 80%–95%. This efficient biotransformation pathway reduces the generation of byproducts, increases the purity of the target product, and significantly improves the production efficiency of organic acids, providing higher-quality raw materials for subsequent concentration and application. Dynamically controlling environmental parameters during fermentation, including pH, dissolved oxygen levels, and nutrient supply, optimizes microbial growth and organic acid production. By dynamically controlling these parameters, all conditions during fermentation are kept at their optimal state, ensuring efficient microbial metabolic activities. This control strategy effectively avoids the problem of reduced fermentation efficiency caused by unstable environmental conditions, thereby improving the overall stability of fermentation and acid production efficiency. After fermentation, the fermentation broth is concentrated. During concentration, heat energy is recovered and ultrasonic technology is used to assist in the concentration process, thereby improving the purity and concentration of organic acids. By employing heat recovery and ultrasonic-assisted technology, energy consumption during concentration is significantly reduced, while the concentration and purity of organic acids are also improved. This treatment method ensures the activity and stability of organic acids, avoids the thermal degradation problems that may occur in traditional high-temperature concentration, and provides technical support for efficient and energy-saving production processes. Concentrated organic acids are used to improve alkaline soils. By adjusting the soil pH and promoting the removal of salt and alkali, the organic acids improve the soil structure. This improvement process effectively utilizes the properties of concentrated organic acids. By adjusting the soil pH and promoting the removal of salt and alkali, it significantly improves the soil structure and fertility, not only enhancing soil productivity but also strengthening the ecological stability of the soil.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials containing carbon and nitrogen sources fermented through a co-culture system include: First, suitable microbial strains for the purposes of this invention are screened from existing strain banks. Through a screening process using methods such as acid tolerance testing, acid production rate analysis, and growth curve monitoring, appropriate combinations of strains are selected to ensure optimal production capacity during fermentation. By screening for acid-tolerant and highly efficient acid-producing strains, the stability and acid production efficiency of the fermentation system can be significantly improved. This process ensures that the strains maintain an active metabolic state during the middle or later stages of fermentation, as the pH of the fermentation broth gradually decreases, thereby maintaining continuous and efficient acid production, ultimately increasing the total yield of organic acids and the stability of the production process. During fermentation, the strains were genetically optimized using gene editing technology to ensure stable growth in an environment with a pH of 3.5–6.0. ​​After screening for strains with strong acid tolerance and high acid production efficiency, these strains were further genetically optimized using gene editing technology. The application of gene editing technology significantly improved the acid tolerance and metabolic efficiency of the strains, greatly enhancing their fermentation capacity under low pH conditions. The optimized strains can not only better adapt to changes in acidity in the fermentation environment but also improve acid production efficiency, thereby further increasing the final yield of organic acids. The proportions of bacterial strains in the co-culture system are adjusted to achieve optimal acid production efficiency. In the early stages of fermentation, acid-tolerant strains comprise 30%–50%, while highly efficient acid-producing strains comprise 50%–70%. The relative numbers of strains are dynamically adjusted based on real-time monitoring data such as acid production rate and pH changes during fermentation. For example, the focus is on the proliferation of highly efficient acid-producing strains in the early stages of fermentation, while the proportion of acid-tolerant strains is increased in the middle and later stages to ensure a high acid production rate even in low pH environments. By dynamically adjusting the proportions of strains in the co-culture system, the characteristics of each strain can be maximized, optimizing the overall efficiency of the fermentation system. This strategy allows the functions of the microbial community to complement each other at different fermentation stages, thereby maximizing acid production efficiency throughout the entire fermentation process. Simultaneously, dynamically adjusting the strain proportions effectively addresses environmental changes during fermentation, ensuring the continuity and stability of the acid production process, ultimately improving the yield and quality of organic acids.

[0023] Please see the appendix Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reorganization and optimization of metabolic pathways includes: Multiple metabolic pathways were introduced into a microbial strain using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, enabling the simultaneous production of lactic acid and acetic acid. First, lactate dehydrogenase and acetate kinase genes, related to lactate and acetic acid synthesis, were directionally inserted into the microbial chromosome using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. The integration sites of these genes were carefully designed to ensure effective expression within the host strain's metabolic network. Next, the strain's metabolic network was rationally designed and recombined to ensure seamless integration of the newly introduced metabolic pathways with the host strain's existing metabolic processes, thereby achieving highly efficient symbiotic synthesis of lactic acid and acetic acid. This genetic modification strategy not only improved the overall yield of the target products but also increased the flexibility of the metabolic pathways, allowing the strain to maintain high acid production capacity under different environmental conditions, thus providing a high-quality fermentation broth for subsequent fermentation and concentration processes. By regulating the expression levels of key enzymes in metabolic pathways, the conversion rate of substrate to target products can be optimized. Appropriate promoter sequences can be selected to control the expression levels of key enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase and acetate kinase. By adjusting promoter strength, the expression levels of these enzymes can be precisely controlled to achieve optimal substrate conversion efficiency. For critical steps in the metabolic pathway, feedback inhibition can be relieved using gene mutations or post-transcriptional regulation. For example, by mutating or silencing negative feedback genes, the activity of key enzymes in the presence of high substrate concentrations can be increased, ensuring that the metabolic flux is always focused on the synthesis of the target product. This method not only reduces the generation of byproducts and avoids unnecessary metabolic waste but also enhances the stability of the fermentation process, ensuring consistent product output across different production batches. This invention introduces metabolic regulators during fermentation to increase the yield of target products and inhibit byproduct formation. Compounds capable of modulating the activity of key enzymes are selected; for example, small-molecule inhibitors are used to temporarily suppress enzyme activity in competitive metabolic pathways, thereby concentrating metabolic flux on the synthesis of lactic acid and acetic acid. Regulators are added at specific fermentation stages to inhibit the activity of byproduct-forming enzymes. For instance, specific metabolic regulators are used to inhibit enzymes related to ethanol and butyric acid, ensuring more substrate is available for target product formation. By introducing metabolic regulators during fermentation, this invention effectively increases the yield of target products and inhibits byproduct formation. This method enhances the controllability of the fermentation process, making the production of lactic acid and acetic acid more efficient and controllable, reducing uncertainties in production, and further improving the overall economics and product purity of the process.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, dynamically controlling environmental parameters during the fermentation process includes: During fermentation, the pH value of the fermentation broth is monitored in real time, and the pH value is adjusted between 3.0 and 6.5 by adding acid and alkali. When the pH value deviates from the target range, the system automatically triggers the acid or alkali addition pump to add regulators in small doses and frequently to avoid drastic pH fluctuations. In the early stage of fermentation, the pH value needs to be maintained at 5.5 to 6.5 to promote the rapid growth of the strain, while in the middle and late stages of fermentation, the pH value is reduced to 3.5 to 4.5 to improve the production efficiency of organic acids. By monitoring and precisely adjusting the pH value of the fermentation broth in real time, this invention can provide the optimal growth environment for microorganisms throughout the fermentation process, reduce metabolic instability caused by pH fluctuations, and thus improve the yield and purity of organic acids. Dissolved oxygen levels are monitored by sensors, and the oxygen supply is adjusted based on real-time data to maintain a dissolved oxygen level of 2–5 mg / L. In the early stages of fermentation, the system is set at 5 mg / L to promote the growth and initial metabolic activity of aerobic bacteria. As fermentation progresses, the oxygen supply is gradually reduced to decrease the formation of byproducts under aerobic conditions. Finally, in the later stages of fermentation, the dissolved oxygen level is maintained at 2–3 mg / L to support the continued acid production of anaerobic bacteria. Multiple air inlets and a stirring system ensure uniform oxygen distribution in the fermentation broth, preventing excessively high or low dissolved oxygen levels in certain areas. This optimizes the oxygen utilization efficiency of the entire fermentation system, effectively regulating the metabolic pathways of microorganisms and avoiding byproduct formation and reduced acid production efficiency caused by improper oxygen supply. The input of carbon and nitrogen sources is periodically adjusted to maintain a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 10:1 to 20:1 to promote optimal microbial growth and acid production efficiency. The dosage of carbon and nitrogen sources is dynamically adjusted based on real-time monitoring data during fermentation. For example, in the early stages of fermentation, a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio close to 20:1 is needed to promote rapid microbial growth; while in the later stages, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to a range close to 10:1 to enhance the synthesis efficiency of organic acids. This method maintains a continuous supply of nutrients in the fermentation broth, preventing metabolic disorders caused by sudden nutrient deficiencies or excesses. Optimizing the nutrient supply to microorganisms through periodic adjustments keeps them in an optimal metabolic state, thereby improving acid production efficiency and the stability of the fermentation process. The application of a pulsed dosing method avoids nutrient waste and reduces the generation of byproducts, further improving the economic and environmental benefits of the fermentation system.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment of the dissolved oxygen level further includes: Different oxygen supply strategies are implemented at different stages of fermentation. A higher oxygen supply is used in the early stages of fermentation to promote microbial growth. By providing a higher oxygen supply in the early stages of fermentation, this invention can effectively promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and quickly establish a sufficient microbial community density. This strategy ensures a smooth start-up of the fermentation process and lays a solid foundation for subsequent organic acid production, thereby improving overall fermentation efficiency and acid production. By reducing oxygen supply in the later stages of fermentation to decrease the formation of byproducts under aerobic conditions, the purity of the target organic acid is improved. The fermenter's stirring speed is reduced to 200–300 rpm to decrease oxygen solubility in the fermentation broth, and the oxygen supply is reduced to 0.2–0.5 vvm to control the oxygen supply and maintain dissolved oxygen levels within an appropriate range—sufficient to support organic acid synthesis but insufficient to promote byproduct formation. By reducing oxygen supply in the later stages of fermentation, the formation of byproducts such as ethanol and peroxides under aerobic conditions is successfully reduced, avoiding their impact on the purity of the target organic acid. This strategy not only improves the purity of the target product but also optimizes resource utilization efficiency during fermentation, further enhancing the process's economic and environmental friendliness.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration process includes: Before concentration, solid impurities in the fermentation broth are removed using filtration technology. By employing multi-stage filtration, solid impurities are successfully removed, significantly improving the cleanliness of the fermentation broth and providing a purer liquid phase foundation for the subsequent concentration process. This process not only improves concentration efficiency but also reduces damage to the concentration equipment from impurities, thereby extending the equipment's lifespan and lowering maintenance costs. During the concentration process, at least 60%–80% of the heat energy is recovered using a heat exchanger to preheat the feed and maintain the temperature of the fermentation environment. This heat recovery system achieves a recovery rate of 60%–80%, effectively reducing external energy consumption and significantly improving the overall energy efficiency of the process. This not only reduces energy costs but also carbon emissions, aligning with the requirements of green production and sustainable development. Furthermore, preheating the feed fermentation broth shortens the heating time and improves the efficiency of the concentration process. Ultrasonic-assisted concentration technology operates within the ultrasonic frequency range of 20–40 kHz to reduce the energy consumption required by traditional heating methods. This frequency generates sufficient acoustic cavitation effect, enhancing the bursting speed of microbubbles inside the liquid, thereby accelerating solvent evaporation and concentration. By setting the ultrasonic frequency within the 20–40 kHz range and selecting an appropriate frequency, sufficient acoustic cavitation effect can be generated to enhance the bursting speed of microbubbles inside the liquid, thereby accelerating solvent evaporation and concentration. This effectively reduces the energy consumption required by traditional thermal concentration methods and reduces the operating temperature, thus protecting the activity and integrity of heat-sensitive components such as organic acids. At the same time, it significantly reduces energy consumption during the concentration process, ensuring the high purity and high quality of the final product.

[0027] Please see the appendix Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic-assisted concentration technology further includes: During the ultrasonic concentration process, the ultrasonic intensity is adjusted to 1–3 W / cm. 2The ultrasonic treatment time is 5–30 minutes to optimize the concentration effect of organic acids. 1 W / cm² is suitable for more sensitive organic acids or fermentation broths requiring gentle treatment, while 3 W / cm² is used for applications requiring rapid concentration or for more stable organic acids. The ultrasonic treatment time is adjusted between 5 and 30 minutes according to the specific properties of the fermentation broth and the target concentration level. Short treatment times of 5–10 minutes are suitable for preliminary concentration or pretreatment stages, while longer treatment times of 20–30 minutes are used to achieve the final concentration target. During the concentration process, the acoustic cavitation effect generated by ultrasound increases the microscopic turbulence of the liquid through the formation and collapse of microbubbles, significantly accelerating the solvent evaporation rate and greatly improving the concentration efficiency. By precisely adjusting the intensity and duration of ultrasound, this invention can achieve high-efficiency concentration of organic acids with low energy consumption. Appropriate ultrasonic intensity and duration not only improve concentration efficiency but also ensure the structural integrity and activity of organic acids, thereby producing high-quality concentrated products. The temperature of the fermentation broth is monitored to ensure it does not exceed 40°C during concentration to prevent organic acid degradation. Precision temperature sensors are installed in the concentration equipment to monitor the fermentation broth temperature in real time. If the temperature approaches the upper limit, the control system automatically reduces the intensity of ultrasonic waves, shortens the treatment time, or even pauses ultrasonic treatment until the temperature returns to a safe range. This effectively prevents organic acid degradation caused by high temperatures during concentration. This temperature control strategy not only protects the activity and stability of the organic acids but also ensures the high purity and quality of the final concentrated product.

[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the improvement of alkaline soil further includes the following steps: This invention effectively regulates the soil's pH balance by mixing concentrated organic acid with water at a ratio of 1:10,000 and spraying it evenly on the soil surface. Appropriate amounts of organic acid neutralize alkaline components in the soil, lowering the soil pH and providing a more suitable environment for plant growth. Simultaneously, even spraying ensures the overall effectiveness of the soil treatment and improves the utilization efficiency of the soil conditioner. Within 7–14 days after spraying, monitor soil pH changes and, based on the monitoring results, conduct a second treatment to further optimize the soil pH to between 6.0 and 7.5. Use a soil pH meter or soil acidity meter to regularly sample soil pH at different depths and locations to measure the soil pH. To obtain accurate results, the pH value at each test point should be recorded, the average value calculated, and the overall pH trend of the soil analyzed. Based on the monitoring results, if the soil pH has not yet reached the ideal range of 6.0–7.5, a second organic acid solution spraying treatment can be performed as needed. The concentration of the solution for the second treatment can be adjusted to 1:12,000 and 1:8,000 according to the actual pH variation of the soil to more precisely control the soil pH. Through timely monitoring of soil pH and secondary treatment when necessary, this invention ensures the stability and durability of soil improvement effects. The flexibility of the secondary treatment allows for fine adjustment of soil acidity according to actual conditions, stabilizing the soil pH within the range most conducive to crop growth, thereby significantly improving soil fertility and plant growth. During the treatment process, infiltration drainage technology promotes the removal of salt and alkali, further improving soil structure. Deep infiltration technology is implemented in the soil improvement area, allowing organic acid solutions in the soil to penetrate at least 30 cm through appropriate irrigation or natural rainfall. This depth of treatment helps to carry the salt and alkali components from the soil surface to deeper layers and gradually drain them to the soil surface through natural drainage. If the plot has drainage conditions, drainage ditches or pipes can be set up in the field to ensure that the infiltrated water and carried salt and alkali substances can be smoothly discharged. Infiltration drainage technology can effectively reduce the concentration of salt and alkali in the soil and improve the soil's physical structure and permeability. This not only prevents the accumulation of salt and alkali in the soil but also improves the soil's permeability and water retention capacity, thus providing a better growing environment for crop roots.

[0029] Please see the appendix Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the infiltration drainage technology includes: This invention employs a deep infiltration method in soil treatment to ensure that organic acids penetrate to a depth of at least 30 centimeters. By using this method, the organic acids can fully penetrate into the deeper layers of the soil, significantly reducing the risk of surface salt and alkali accumulation and improving the overall soil structure. This method not only enhances soil permeability and water retention but also provides a better growth environment for plant roots, significantly improving crop yield and quality. Within 3–6 months after treatment, the physical structure and organic matter content of the soil are monitored regularly to ensure the durability of the improvement effect. Using a soil structure analyzer or manual sampling methods, changes in the soil's physical structure, particularly the formation of aggregates and soil porosity, are assessed periodically. Sampling depth should cover the topsoil to a depth of 30 cm or more. Key indicators such as soil particle size distribution, porosity, and permeability are analyzed. The content and trend of organic matter in the soil are determined using chemical analysis or near-infrared spectroscopy to observe whether the organic matter content has increased or remained stable. By regularly monitoring the soil's physical structure and organic matter content, this invention ensures the durability and stability of the soil improvement effect. Continuous monitoring and adjustment lead to long-term improvement in the soil's physical structure and a stable increase in organic matter content, thereby maintaining the soil's healthy state. This comprehensive monitoring and management approach not only guarantees the quality of soil improvement but also significantly extends the effective period of soil fertility, improving the sustainability of agricultural production.

[0030] Please see the appendix Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation raw materials are agricultural waste and food processing residues. The raw materials undergo pretreatment before fermentation, including but not limited to crushing, drying, and hydrolysis, to improve fermentation efficiency and organic acid yield. The use of agricultural waste and food processing residues as fermentation raw materials is not only inexpensive and widely available, but also represents an effective waste utilization strategy. Raw materials rich in cellulose, hemicellulose, and starch are selected because they can be efficiently degraded and utilized by microorganisms during fermentation, thereby producing a large amount of organic acids. The selected raw materials must be non-toxic, harmless, and have a high organic matter content. The collected raw materials must be sorted and cleaned to remove impurities such as soil, stones, and metals, and then stored in a well-ventilated environment to prevent mold or spoilage. By utilizing agricultural waste and food processing residues as fermentation raw materials, the present invention effectively reduces production costs while achieving resource utilization of waste, resulting in significant environmental benefits. Simultaneously, the pretreatment step aims to transform the raw materials into a form more easily degraded by microorganisms, thereby improving fermentation efficiency and organic acid yield. Through the implementation of the pretreatment process, the physical and chemical properties of the raw materials are significantly improved. The crushing and drying processes make the raw materials more uniform and stable, reducing unnecessary variations during fermentation. Hydrolysis effectively improves the fermentation efficiency of fibrous raw materials, allowing microorganisms to utilize the carbon source in the raw materials more quickly and thoroughly, thereby significantly increasing the yield of organic acids.

[0031] To better understand the present invention, the above content will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1: Process for producing organic acids using rice husks and fruit pomace Raw material selection and pretreatment: Raw materials: rice husks and fruit residue, mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0033] Pretreatment: Rice husks and fruit pomace are mixed and then crushed into particles of 2-3 mm using a hammer mill. The crushed raw materials are then dried in a hot air dryer to reduce the moisture content to about 15%, followed by hydrolysis. The hydrolysis conditions are the addition of 2% dilute sulfuric acid and a reaction at 60°C for 4 hours to degrade cellulose and hemicellulose.

[0034] Fermentation process: Microbial strains: Lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria are co-cultured and fermented.

[0035] Fermentation conditions: Temperature controlled at 32℃, pH value maintained between 4.5 and 5.5, fermentation time is 7 days.

[0036] Oxygen supply: Initially, the dissolved oxygen level is maintained at 4.5 mg / L, and later it is reduced to 2.5 mg / L.

[0037] Concentration and Application: Concentration process: Multi-stage filtration removes impurities, a heat exchanger recovers 70% of the heat energy, and ultrasonic-assisted concentration is used at a frequency of 25kHz and an intensity of 2W / cm². 2 The condensation time is 20 minutes.

[0038] Application: The concentrated organic acid solution was diluted at a ratio of 1:10,000 and sprayed onto saline-alkali farmland. After one treatment, the soil pH value decreased from 8.2 to 7.0.

[0039] Example 2: Process for producing organic acids using corn stalks and soybean residue Raw material selection and pretreatment: Raw materials: Corn stalks and soybean residue, mixed in a mass ratio of 3:2.

[0040] Pretreatment: Chop corn stalks into pieces about 5 mm in length, mix with soybean residue, and further grind into 1-2 mm particles using a cyclone mill. Dry the ground mixture in hot air at 50°C to a moisture content of 12%, then hydrolyze with cellulase at 55°C for 5 hours.

[0041] Fermentation process: Bacterial strains: Genetically optimized acid-resistant lactic acid bacteria and high-acetic acid-producing strains were used.

[0042] Fermentation conditions: Temperature controlled at 30℃, pH value maintained between 5.0 and 6.0, fermentation time is 8 days.

[0043] Oxygen supply: Initially, the dissolved oxygen level is maintained at 5.0 mg / L, and then gradually reduced to 2.0 mg / L.

[0044] Concentration and Application: Concentration process: A three-stage filtration system is used to remove solid impurities, a heat exchanger recovers 75% of the heat energy, and ultrasonic-assisted concentration is used at a frequency of 30kHz and an intensity of 2.5W / cm². 2 The condensation time is 15 minutes.

[0045] Application: The concentrated organic acid solution was diluted at a ratio of 1:8,000 and sprayed on the alkalized grassland. After two treatments, the soil pH value dropped from 8.5 to 6.8.

[0046] Example 3: Process for producing organic acids using fruit peels and brewer's grains Raw material selection and pretreatment: Ingredients: Fruit peels and brewer's grains, mixed in a 1:1 mass ratio.

[0047] Pretreatment: The fruit peels and brewer's grains are mixed and then pulverized using a ball mill to a particle size of less than 3 mm. The mixture is then dried at 70°C to a moisture content of 10%. It is used directly for fermentation without undergoing hydrolysis.

[0048] Fermentation process: Bacterial strain: Patented strains are used.

[0049] Fermentation conditions: Temperature controlled at 35℃, pH value maintained between 4.0 and 5.0, fermentation time is 6 days.

[0050] Oxygen supply: Initially, dissolved oxygen levels are maintained at 4.0 mg / L, and later reduced to 2.5 mg / L.

[0051] Concentration and Application: Concentration process: Solid impurities are removed through single-stage filtration; 65% of the heat energy is recovered by a heat exchanger; ultrasonic-assisted concentration is used at a frequency of 22kHz and an intensity of 1.5W / cm². 2 The condensation time is 25 minutes.

[0052] Application: The concentrated organic acid solution was diluted at a ratio of 1:12,000 and sprayed onto the soil in the home garden. After a single treatment, the soil pH value decreased from 7.8 to 6.5.

[0053] Comparative Experiment 1: Comparison Test of Fermentation Efficiency and Organic Acid Yield Experimental objective: To compare the differences between the present invention and existing technologies in terms of fermentation efficiency and organic acid yield, in order to verify the efficiency improvement brought about by the present invention through optimization of strain selection, metabolic pathway optimization and fermentation parameter regulation.

[0054] Experimental materials: The mixture of corn stalks and soybean residue was mixed at a mass ratio of 3:2 and then crushed, dried and hydrolyzed.

[0055] The present invention uses optimized acid-resistant lactic acid bacteria and high-acetic acid-producing strains.

[0056] Traditional processes use a single type of lactic acid bacteria and unoptimized lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria.

[0057] Experimental and control group design: Experimental group: The co-culture system uses optimized acid-resistant lactic acid bacteria and high-acetic acid-producing strains, with the fermentation temperature controlled at 30℃, pH value at 5.0-6.0, and fermentation time at 8 days.

[0058] Control group 1: Single-strain fermentation, traditional process: Single lactic acid bacteria fermentation, fermentation temperature 30℃, pH value 5.5~6.5, fermentation time 8 days.

[0059] Control group 2: Non-optimized strains: Unoptimized lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria were co-cultured at 30℃, pH 5.0–6.0, and fermented for 8 days.

[0060] Control group 3: No dynamic regulation: The same strain was used, but without dynamic pH control. The initial pH value was set and kept constant, the fermentation temperature was 30℃, and the fermentation time was 8 days.

[0061] Experimental steps: Raw material preparation: Mix corn stalks and soybean residue in a 3:2 ratio and crush them into particles of about 2 mm in size. The mixture was dried with hot air to reduce the moisture content to 12%. Hydrolysis was performed using cellulase at 55°C for 5 hours to obtain fermentable sugars.

[0062] Microbial culture: Experimental group: Optimized acid-resistant lactic acid bacteria and high-yield acetic acid bacteria were cultured to the logarithmic growth phase.

[0063] Control group 1: A single lactic acid bacteria was cultured to the logarithmic growth phase.

[0064] Control group 2: Unoptimized lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria were cultured to the logarithmic growth phase.

[0065] Control group 3: The same optimized strain as the experimental group.

[0066] Fermentation process: Equal amounts of pretreated fermentation raw materials were added to four fermentation tanks. Each group fermented according to the set fermentation conditions; Every 24 hours, samples were taken to measure the concentration of organic acids in the fermentation broth, and changes in pH and dissolved oxygen were recorded during the fermentation process.

[0067] Data collection and analysis: The final total yield of organic acids was determined at the end of fermentation, and the concentration of residual substrate was analyzed. Compare the fermentation efficiency and organic acid yield of each group.

[0068] The comparative experimental data are shown in Tables 1-3: Table 1. Record of Organic Acid Concentration Changes and pH Values From the data in Table 1, we can obtain: The experimental group demonstrated significantly higher fermentation efficiency and organic acid yield. During fermentation, dynamic pH control and an optimized strain combination accelerated organic acid synthesis, ultimately achieving a peak yield of 36.5 g / L within 8 days. Furthermore, the experimental group exhibited the lowest residual substrate concentration, indicating the highest substrate utilization efficiency.

[0069] Table 2. Concentrations of Final Fermentation Products and Residual Substrate From the data in Table 2, we can obtain: Control group 1 achieved a final organic acid yield of only 29.5 g / L, and had a large amount of residual substrate after fermentation, indicating low fermentation efficiency. Control groups 2 and 3 also performed worse than the experimental group, especially control group 3, which had the lowest final yield of only 27.8 g / L due to the lack of dynamic pH control.

[0070] Table 3 Dissolved Oxygen Change Record Table From the data in Table 3, we can obtain: The dissolved oxygen level in the experimental group gradually decreased throughout the fermentation process, from an initial 4.5 mg / L to a final 2.2 mg / L. This dynamic regulation ensured sufficient oxygen to promote microbial growth in the early stages of fermentation, while timely reduction of oxygen supply in the middle and later stages optimized the synthesis pathway of organic acids and reduced the generation of byproducts. Through dynamic regulation of dissolved oxygen levels, the experimental group successfully optimized the metabolic conditions during fermentation, improving the yield and quality of organic acids. In contrast, the control group, lacking this regulatory mechanism, exhibited relatively low fermentation efficiency, further validating the technical advantages of this invention.

[0071] Comparative Experiment 2: Comparative Test of Soil Improvement Effects Experimental objective: To evaluate the effect of the concentrated organic acid of the present invention on the improvement of alkaline soil, and to compare it with the prior art to verify the advantages of the present invention in improving soil pH and soil structure.

[0072] Experimental materials: Alkaline soil samples, all from the same type of saline-alkali land plot.

[0073] The present invention relates to a concentrated organic acid solution.

[0074] Commonly available chemical soil conditioners on the market.

[0075] Unconcentrated fermented organic acid solution.

[0076] Traditional farmyard manure or compost.

[0077] Experimental and control group design: Experimental group: The concentrated organic acid solution of the present invention was diluted at a ratio of 1:10,000 and sprayed evenly onto alkaline soil. The soil pH and salinity were monitored at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after treatment.

[0078] Control group 1: Chemical modifier: Use aluminum sulfate, dilute it according to the product instructions, spray it, and monitor the pH value and salt content over the same time period.

[0079] Control group 2: Unconcentrated organic acids: Unconcentrated fermented organic acid solutions were diluted in the same proportion and sprayed, and monitoring was conducted over the same time period.

[0080] Control group 3: Improved traditional fertilizer: Using traditional farmyard manure and applying it according to traditional methods, monitoring was conducted over the same time period.

[0081] Experimental steps: Soil preparation: Alkaline soil samples were collected from the same plot and divided into four groups to ensure that the initial conditions of the soil in each group were consistent. In a greenhouse environment, each group of soil is placed in a container of the same size, with drainage holes at the bottom. The container's length × width × height is 1m × 1m × 30cm, and the same environmental conditions are maintained.

[0082] Modifier application: Experimental group: 50 ml of the concentrated organic acid solution of the present invention was diluted at a ratio of 1:10,000 and sprayed evenly on the surface of the first group of soil to ensure uniform coverage of each square meter of soil.

[0083] Control group 1: 1000g of aluminum sulfate was evenly applied to the soil of the second group to ensure the same uniformity of coverage.

[0084] Control group 2: 50 ml of unconcentrated fermented organic acid solution was diluted at a ratio of 1:10,000 and sprayed onto the soil of the third group.

[0085] Control group 3: 7500g of traditional farmyard manure was evenly applied to the soil of the fourth group.

[0086] Data collection and analysis: Soil samples were collected from each group every 7 days to measure pH value, salinity, and changes in soil structure. Germination rate and growth rate of each crop group were observed and recorded.

[0087] The comparative experimental data are shown in Tables 4-6: Table 4. Record of Soil pH Changes From the data in Table 4, we can obtain: The experimental group, through the use of concentrated organic acid solution, significantly reduced the soil pH in a short period of time, from an initial 8.2 to 6.5 after 28 days. This result demonstrates the powerful effect of the present invention in neutralizing alkaline soils. In contrast, while control group 1 also showed some effect, the pH only dropped to 6.9, indicating that the chemical amendment was less stable than the present invention.

[0088] Table 5 Record of Soil Salinity and Alkali Content Changes From the data in Table 5, we can obtain: After 28 days, the salinity level in the experimental group decreased from an initial 5.8 mS / cm to 0.91 mS / cm, a significantly greater reduction than in other groups, demonstrating the powerful ability of this invention to reduce soil salinity. The salinity level in control group 1 decreased to 4.23 mS / cm, also showing a good effect, but not as significant as that of this invention.

[0089] Table 6. Record of Crop Germination Rate and Growth Rate From the data in Table 6, we can obtain: The experimental group had a germination rate of 85% and the fastest growth rate, indicating a significant improvement in the soil environment. Control group 1 had a germination rate of 78% and a slightly slower growth rate than the experimental group. Control group 2 had a germination rate of 79% and a relatively fast growth rate. Control group 3 had a germination rate of only 70% and the slowest growth rate, indicating a deficiency in improving the crop growth environment.

[0090] Experimental results clearly demonstrate that this invention, through the use of concentrated organic acid solutions, exhibits significant advantages in lowering soil pH, reducing salinity, and promoting crop growth. Compared to existing chemical amendments and traditional methods, this invention provides faster and more lasting effects, proving its innovation and practicality in soil improvement technology.

[0091] Comparative Experiment 3: Energy Consumption and Environmental Benefits Comparative Test Experimental objective: To evaluate the performance of the ultrasonic-assisted concentration process of this invention in terms of energy consumption and environmental benefits, and to compare it with the traditional thermal concentration process, thereby verifying the innovation of this invention in energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0092] Experimental materials: The same volume of fermentation broth was used as raw material.

[0093] The present invention relates to an ultrasonic-assisted concentration system.

[0094] Traditional steam thermal concentration system.

[0095] Single ultrasonic concentration system.

[0096] Traditional concentration systems optimized solely through heat exchange.

[0097] Experimental and control group design: Experimental group: The process employs ultrasonic-assisted concentration with an ultrasonic frequency of 30kHz and an intensity of 2.5W / cm². 2 The concentration time is 15 minutes, and waste heat is recovered in conjunction with a heat exchanger.

[0098] Control group 1: Traditional steam thermal concentration: Using a traditional steam thermal concentration process, at a temperature of 90°C, the concentration is reduced to the same final concentration.

[0099] Control group 2: Single ultrasonic concentration: Ultrasonic treatment was used, with an ultrasonic frequency of 30kHz and an intensity of 2.5W / cm². 2 The concentration time is adjusted to achieve the same final concentration.

[0100] Control group 3: Heat exchange optimized concentration: Using a traditional concentration process optimized by heat exchange, at a temperature of 70°C, the same final concentration is concentrated without ultrasonic assistance.

[0101] Experimental steps: Raw material preparation: Take equal amounts of fermentation broth from the same fermentation batch to ensure that the raw materials for all groups are consistent.

[0102] Concentration process: Experimental group: The ultrasonic-assisted concentration system was activated, and the ultrasonic frequency was set to 30kHz with an intensity of 2.5W / cm². 2 The concentration time is 15 minutes. A heat exchanger is used to recover waste heat, reducing external energy consumption.

[0103] Control group 1: Using the traditional steam thermal concentration process, the temperature was set to 90℃ until the fermentation broth reached the same final concentration.

[0104] Control group 2: A single ultrasonic concentration system was started, using the same ultrasonic frequency and intensity, but without the assistance of a heat exchanger, to concentrate to the same final concentration.

[0105] Control group 3: Using a traditional concentration process with optimized heat exchange, the temperature was set at 70°C, and concentration was carried out to the same final concentration without ultrasonic assistance.

[0106] Data collection and analysis: Record the power consumption, steam consumption, and time consumption for each group; Measure carbon dioxide and other emissions generated during the concentration process; The concentration of organic acids in the final concentrate was measured to ensure that each group reached the same final concentration.

[0107] The comparative experimental data are shown in Tables 7-9: Table 7 Electricity and Steam Consumption Record Sheet From the data in Table 7, we can obtain: The experimental group showed lower power consumption, only 120 kWh, and required no steam consumption due to the use of ultrasonic technology. In contrast, although control group 1 had lower power consumption, its steam consumption was as high as 150 kg, indicating a strong dependence on steam energy.

[0108] Table 8 Carbon Dioxide Emission Record Sheet Table 8 shows that the experimental group had the lowest carbon dioxide emissions, at only 30 kg, demonstrating its significant environmental benefits. Control group 1 had the highest carbon dioxide emissions, at 90 kg, reflecting the substantial environmental impact of traditional steam thermal concentration. Control group 2's emissions were 50 kg, lower than traditional steam thermal concentration, but still higher than the experimental group.

[0109] Table 9 Concentration Efficiency and Time Record Table From the data in Table 9, we can obtain: The experimental group achieved a final organic acid concentration of 50 g / L within 15 minutes, demonstrating the highest concentration efficiency. Control group 1, relying on steam heating, had the longest concentration time at 30 minutes. Control group 2 took 25 minutes to concentrate, a longer time due to a lack of optimized heat exchange. Control group 3 completed concentration within 20 minutes, showing higher efficiency than the traditional process, but still less than the experimental group.

[0110] Experimental results show that the experimental group exhibits significant advantages in energy consumption, environmental benefits, and concentration efficiency. Compared with traditional steam thermal concentration and other control groups, this invention not only significantly reduces electricity consumption and carbon dioxide emissions but also substantially shortens the concentration time, demonstrating its energy-saving and environmental protection potential in industrial applications.

[0111] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A process for preparing an alkaline soil conditioner by fermentation and concentration of organic acids, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Raw materials containing carbon and nitrogen sources are fermented through a co-culture system, which consists of multiple microbial strains with complementary metabolic functions, used to generate organic acids during the fermentation process; By reorganizing and optimizing metabolic pathways during fermentation, the synthesis efficiency of the target product can be controlled, achieving a substrate conversion rate of 80%–95%. Dynamically regulate environmental parameters during fermentation, including pH, dissolved oxygen levels, and nutrient supply, to optimize microbial growth and organic acid production; After fermentation is complete, the fermentation broth is concentrated. During the concentration process, heat energy is recovered and ultrasonic technology is used to assist in the concentration, so as to improve the purity and concentration of organic acids. Concentrated organic acids are used to improve alkaline soils, thereby improving soil structure by adjusting soil pH and promoting the removal of salt and alkali.

2. The preparation process of an alkaline soil conditioner based on fermented organic acid concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials containing carbon and nitrogen sources fermented through the co-culture system include: Screening for acid-resistant and highly efficient acid-producing microbial strains from existing strain banks; During fermentation, the strain was genetically optimized using gene editing technology to enable it to grow stably in an environment with a pH of 3.5–6.

0. The ratio of bacterial strains in the co-culture system was adjusted to achieve optimal acid production efficiency.

3. The preparation process of an alkaline soil conditioner based on fermented organic acid concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reorganization and optimization of the metabolic pathways include: Multiple metabolic pathways were introduced into microbial strains using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, enabling them to produce lactic acid and acetic acid simultaneously. By regulating the expression levels of key enzymes in metabolic pathways, the conversion rate of substrates to target products can be optimized. Metabolic regulators are introduced during fermentation to increase the yield of the target product and inhibit the formation of byproducts.

4. The preparation process of an alkaline soil conditioner based on fermented organic acid concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental parameters for dynamically regulating the fermentation process include: During the fermentation process, the pH value of the fermentation broth was monitored in real time, and the pH value was adjusted between 3.0 and 6.5 by adding acid and alkali. Dissolved oxygen levels are monitored by sensors, and oxygen supply is adjusted based on real-time data to maintain dissolved oxygen levels between 2 and 5 mg / L. Periodically adjust the input of carbon and nitrogen sources to maintain the carbon-nitrogen ratio at 10:1 to 20:1 in order to promote the optimal growth of microorganisms and acid production efficiency.

5. The preparation process of an alkaline soil conditioner based on fermented organic acid concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment of the dissolved oxygen level further includes: Different oxygen supply strategies were set up at different stages of fermentation. Higher oxygen supply was used in the early stage of fermentation to promote the growth of microorganisms. In the later stages of fermentation, the oxygen supply is reduced to decrease the formation of byproducts under aerobic conditions, thereby increasing the purity of the target organic acid.

6. The preparation process of an alkaline soil conditioner based on fermented organic acid concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration process includes: Before concentration, filtration technology is used to remove solid impurities from the fermentation broth; During the concentration process, at least 60% to 80% of the heat energy is recovered using a heat exchanger to preheat the feed and maintain the temperature of the fermentation environment; Ultrasonic-assisted concentration technology operates within the ultrasonic frequency range of 20–40 kHz to reduce the energy consumption required by traditional heating methods.

7. The preparation process of an alkaline soil conditioner based on fermented organic acid concentration according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ultrasonic-assisted concentration technology further includes: During the ultrasonic concentration process, the ultrasonic intensity is adjusted to 1–3 W / cm. 2 With an action time of 5–30 minutes, the concentration effect of organic acids is optimized; Monitor the temperature of the fermentation broth to ensure that it does not exceed 40°C during the concentration process to prevent degradation of organic acids.

8. The preparation process of an alkaline soil conditioner based on fermented organic acid concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The improvement of alkaline soil further includes the following steps: Mix concentrated organic acid with water at a ratio of 1:10,000 and spray it evenly on the soil surface. Monitor soil pH changes for 7–14 days after spraying, and conduct a second treatment based on the monitoring results to further optimize the soil pH to between 6.0 and 7.5; During the treatment process, infiltration drainage technology is used to promote the removal of salt and alkali, further improving the soil structure.

9. The preparation process of an alkaline soil conditioner based on fermented organic acid concentration according to claim 8, characterized in that, The infiltration drainage technology includes: Deep infiltration methods are used in soil treatment to ensure that organic acids can penetrate into the soil to a depth of at least 30 centimeters; Within 3 to 6 months after treatment, the physical structure and organic matter content of the soil should be monitored regularly to ensure the durability of the improvement effect.

10. The preparation process of an alkaline soil conditioner based on fermented organic acid concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermentation raw materials are agricultural waste and food processing residues, and the raw materials are pretreated before fermentation, including but not limited to crushing, drying and hydrolysis, to improve fermentation efficiency and organic acid yield.

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