An in-situ strut device and replacement method for replacing members in a bolted ball space frame structure.

Abstract

An in-situ strut device and method for replacing members in a bolted ball space frame structure are disclosed, relating to the field of steel structure construction technology. This invention addresses the problems of uncontrollable internal force unloading, difficulty in restoring the stress state, limited working space, and poor device versatility during member replacement in existing technologies. The device comprises a force-applying mechanism and two positioning mechanisms, respectively located at both ends of the force-applying mechanism. The force-applying mechanism applies force to the bolted ball connected to the old member to be replaced. The positioning mechanism includes a base plate, a sleeve assembly, two connecting sections, and two adjustable clamping assemblies. The base plate is vertically positioned at the end of the force-applying mechanism, and the sleeve assembly is located on the outer end face of the base plate for clamping the old or new member to be replaced. Both sides of the base plate are connected to the adjustable clamping assemblies via connecting sections. The adjustable clamping assemblies are used to clamp stable members adjacent to the member to be replaced. This invention is used for member replacement in bolted ball space frame structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel structure construction technology, specifically to an in-situ strut device and replacement method for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure. Background Technology

[0002] Bolted ball space frame structures offer advantages such as convenient transportation and installation, superior spatial load-bearing performance, high degree of factory prefabrication, and short construction period, making them widely used in large-span roof systems for stadiums, exhibition halls, airport terminals, and industrial plants. This structure is assembled from steel bolted ball joints and multiple end-plate connecting members using high-strength bolts, and belongs to a highly statically indeterminate spatial grid structure.

[0003] As the service life increases and the operating environment changes, some members in bolted ball space frame structures will exhibit varying degrees of damage or defects. These defects mainly manifest as: bending deformation of members due to insufficient design considerations or temperature stress; corrosion of members leading to section weakening in high-humidity coastal or industrial corrosive environments; overload buckling of some members due to increased roof loads during service; and rework of initially defective members caused by processing errors or installation deviations during construction. In all these cases, on-site replacement of the problematic members is necessary to restore the structural design bearing capacity and eliminate safety hazards.

[0004] However, replacing bolted ball grid members presents significant technical challenges:

[0005] First, the high-altitude in-situ unloading process is complex. The bolted ball grid structure has dense members and narrow angles between nodes. Before removing a damaged member, the axial force borne by that member must be effectively unloaded. Otherwise, direct removal will cause relative displacement between nodes, resulting in redistribution of internal forces in adjacent members. Some adjacent members may be overloaded, and in severe cases, it may even induce a continuous collapse.

[0006] Secondly, restoring the stress state is difficult. If only geometric reset is completed after the installation of new members without restoring the original design internal force state, the new members will become "zero members" or "underloaded members," and the surrounding members will be forced to bear additional loads. The actual stress state of the structure deviates from the original design assumptions, which may lead to local damage and eventually overall failure under extreme load conditions.

[0007] Third, the working space is extremely cramped. Conventional large construction machinery or tools cannot enter, and some common hand tools are difficult to use among the dense poles.

[0008] In summary, existing auxiliary devices and methods for replacing bolted ball grid members still have technical bottlenecks in terms of balancing lightweight devices with load-bearing stiffness, precise unloading and restoration of controllable internal forces, universal adaptability of multi-angle nodes, and high-altitude rapid installation, dismantling, and turnover efficiency. There is an urgent need to develop an auxiliary device and method that can ensure the stability of the structural stress system during the replacement process and achieve efficient and convenient construction. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In order to solve the problems of uncontrollable unloading of internal forces, difficulty in restoring the stress state, limited working space and poor device versatility in the prior art when replacing members, the present invention proposes an in-situ support device and its replacement method for replacing members in bolted ball grid structures.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0011] An in-situ strut device for replacing members in a bolt ball space frame structure includes a force-applying mechanism and two positioning mechanisms. The positioning mechanisms are respectively located at both ends of the force-applying mechanism. The force-applying mechanism applies force to the bolt ball connected to the old member to be replaced. The positioning mechanism includes a base plate, a sleeve assembly, two connecting sections, and two adjustable clamping assemblies. The base plate is vertically located at the end of the force-applying mechanism. The sleeve assembly is located on the outer end face of the base plate and is used to clamp the old or new member to be replaced. The two sides of the base plate are respectively connected to the adjustable clamping assemblies through connecting sections. The adjustable clamping assemblies are used to clamp the stabilizing members adjacent to the member to be replaced.

[0012] Furthermore, the sleeve assembly is rotatably connected to the base plate, and the two are mutually limitable.

[0013] Furthermore, the base plate includes two semi-circular plates, which are arranged opposite each other and spliced ​​to form a circular plate. The outer end face of the circular plate is provided with an annular groove. The side of the semi-circular plate is provided with a positioning sleeve, which is an arc-shaped sleeve. One side of the positioning sleeve is provided with a sleeve limiting bolt. The semi-circular plate is provided with a sleeve limiting bolt hole. The sleeve limiting bolt is threaded into the sleeve limiting bolt hole, and its end can pass through the groove wall of the annular groove. The sleeve assembly includes an annular slide rail, which is inserted into the annular groove and slidably connected to the annular groove. The sleeve limiting bolt can be tightened against the annular slide rail for limiting.

[0014] Furthermore, the sleeve assembly also includes two semi-hexagonal sleeve plates, which are arranged opposite each other to form a hexagonal sleeve. A circular slide rail is set on the bottom end face of the hexagonal sleeve. Sleeve fine-tuning bolt holes are opened on all six side walls of the hexagonal sleeve. Sleeve fine-tuning bolts are installed in the sleeve fine-tuning bolt holes. Sleeve auxiliary clamps are provided at the ends of the sleeve fine-tuning bolts. Sleeve auxiliary clamps are set on the inner side of the hexagonal sleeve, and sleeve clamp springs are provided between the sleeve auxiliary clamps and the hexagonal sleeve. Sleeve clamp springs are fitted onto the sleeve fine-tuning bolts.

[0015] Furthermore, the distance between the connecting section and the base plate and the adjustable clamping assembly are all adjustable.

[0016] Furthermore, the connecting section includes a connecting block and two sets of connecting limiting components. One end of the connecting block is connected to the base plate through one set of connecting limiting components, and the front end of the connecting block is connected to the adjustable clamping component through another set of connecting limiting components. The connecting limiting components include a set of connecting screws and a set of connecting springs, with the connecting springs symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting screws.

[0017] Furthermore, the adjustable clamping assembly includes a semi-hexagonal clamping arm. The middle part of the outer side of the semi-hexagonal clamping arm is connected to the connecting section. The inner sides of the four side walls of the semi-hexagonal clamping arm are provided with clamping arm auxiliary clamping plates. Clamping arm clamping plate springs are fixedly connected between the clamping arm auxiliary clamping plates and the semi-hexagonal clamping arm. Clamping arm fine-tuning bolt holes are opened on the two opposite side walls of the semi-hexagonal clamping arm. Clamping arm fine-tuning bolts are provided in the clamping arm fine-tuning bolt holes. The ends of the clamping arm fine-tuning bolts are respectively connected to the two opposite clamping arm auxiliary clamping plates. The two opposite clamping arm clamping plate springs are respectively fitted on the clamping arm fine-tuning bolts.

[0018] Furthermore, the force-applying mechanism includes a miniature hydraulic jack and two telescopic components, which are respectively located at the ends of the miniature hydraulic jack.

[0019] Furthermore, the telescopic assembly includes an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve assembly, and an auxiliary sleeve assembly. The outer sleeve assembly includes two symmetrically arranged outer sleeve arc plates, each with multiple inner sleeve limiting bolts. The ends of the inner sleeve limiting bolts pass through the outer sleeve arc plates and abut against the inner sleeve. Outer sleeve ear plates are fixed to the edges of both sides of the outer sleeve arc plates. The auxiliary sleeve assembly includes two symmetrically arranged auxiliary sleeve arc plates, each with auxiliary sleeve ear plates fixed to the edges of both sides. The two outer sleeve arc plates and the two auxiliary sleeve arc plates are spliced ​​together to form a circular sleeve. Adjacent outer sleeve ear plates and auxiliary sleeve ear plates are connected by sleeve connecting bolts. The inner sleeve is threaded inside the outer sleeve assembly and the auxiliary sleeve assembly. The outer end of the inner sleeve passes through the base plate and abuts against the bolt ball connected to the old rod to be replaced. An auxiliary force plate is fixed to the inner end of the outer sleeve assembly. The auxiliary force plate is connected to a micro hydraulic jack by multiple miniature high-strength bolts.

[0020] The method for replacing the in-situ strut device for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Determine the member to be replaced and its design axial force state: Based on the structural design drawings or on-site measured internal force data, determine the nature and magnitude of the axial force of the member to be replaced, and record the spatial coordinates of the bolt ball joints at both ends and the member length;

[0022] Step 2, Device Assembly and Pre-adjustment: The spring force of the sleeve clamping plate on the sleeve auxiliary clamping plate achieves initial clamping of the old rod to be replaced. By adjusting multiple sleeve fine-tuning bolts, the axis of the hexagonal sleeve is aligned with the axis of the old rod to be replaced and clamps the old rod. Simultaneously, the spring force of the clamping arm clamping plate on the clamping arm auxiliary clamping plate initially clamps two adjacent rods perpendicular to the old rod to be replaced. By adjusting the clamping arm fine-tuning bolts, the clamping arm auxiliary clamping plate is made to fit tightly against the outer surface of the adjacent rods, and the axis of the semi-hexagonal clamping arm is aligned with the axis of the adjacent rods. The connecting section is assembled to form a rigid constraint for the entire positioning mechanism.

[0023] Step 3: Install the force application mechanism and establish the unloading path: Measure the distance between the two bolt balls connected to the old rod to be replaced, then connect the telescopic assembly, adjust the length of the telescopic assembly to match the distance between the two bolt balls, lock and position, then remove the auxiliary sleeve assembly. The outer end of the inner sleeve fits tightly with the surface of the bolt balls. Install the miniature hydraulic jack, connect the hydraulic system of the miniature hydraulic jack to the hydraulic pump station and data acquisition system, and perform zero-point calibration on the pressure sensor and displacement sensor built into the miniature hydraulic jack.

[0024] Step 4: Staged unloading of the old rod's axial force: Start the miniature hydraulic jack and apply lifting force in stages, each stage being 10% of the designed axial force. After each stage of loading, stabilize for 2-3 minutes, recording the pressure and displacement values ​​using pressure and displacement sensors respectively. When the output force of the miniature hydraulic jack reaches 95%-105% of the actual axial force of the old rod to be replaced, stop loading and maintain stable pressure. At this point, the old rod to be replaced is in a near-zero stress state. Check the contact pressure between the sleeve auxiliary clamp and the old rod to be replaced using the sleeve fine-tuning bolt to confirm that unloading is complete.

[0025] Step 5: Remove the old rod to be replaced and clean the joints: In the unloaded state, remove the high-strength bolts connecting the two ends of the old rod to be replaced to the bolt ball joints; pull the old rod to be replaced out of the sleeve assembly, and clean the rust, oil stains and old rod residue on the surface of the bolt ball joints; check whether the threaded holes of the bolt ball joints are intact, and repair them by tapping if necessary.

[0026] Step Six: Install the new rod to be replaced and restore internal force: Insert the new rod to be replaced into the sleeve assembly and initially align its two ends with the bolt ball joints; install the high-strength bolts at both ends of the new rod to be replaced, but do not tighten them completely, leaving a gap of 1-2mm; slowly reduce the output force of the miniature hydraulic jack, according to the reverse order of unloading levels, with 10% of the design axial force as level one, and unload pressure in stages; during the pressure unloading process, the new rod to be replaced gradually bears the axial force transmitted by the force application mechanism, while the high-strength bolts are gradually tightened to the design torque; when the output force of the miniature hydraulic jack drops to zero, the new rod to be replaced has fully borne the design axial force of the original old rod to be replaced, and the internal force restoration is completed;

[0027] Step 7: Device dismantling and site cleanup: Remove the inner cylinder limiting bolts of the outer sleeve assembly, and remove the outer sleeve assembly, inner sleeve, and miniature hydraulic jack in sequence; loosen the clamping arm fine-tuning bolts and connecting screws, and remove the adjustable clamping assembly and base plate; slide the sleeve assembly out from the outside of the new rod to be replaced, and complete the dismantling of the entire device; clean, lubricate, and perform necessary inspections on the dismantled device in preparation for future use.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0029] 1. Precise and controllable unloading and restoration of internal forces: Through a miniature hydraulic jack with a built-in pressure sensor and displacement feedback unit, combined with a graded loading and unloading process, the quantitative unloading of the axial force of the old rod and the precise restoration of the internal force of the new rod are achieved, avoiding overloading of adjacent rods or distortion of the structural stress state.

[0030] 2. Lightweight and high load-bearing capacity: All major components are made of high-strength aluminum alloy, which significantly reduces the weight of the device while ensuring overall rigidity and durability, making it easy to handle manually at heights and to install and dismantle quickly.

[0031] 3. Strong spatial adaptability: The sleeve device and the adjustable clamping device adopt a split splicing structure, which can be installed in the narrow space between the bolt ball joints; the hexagonal clamping arm with the fine adjustment screw can adapt to bolt ball joints of different diameters, and has good versatility.

[0032] 4. Safe and stable construction process: The positioning mechanism and the force application mechanism form a closed-loop force path. The internal forces of the structure before and after the old pole is removed are borne by the device throughout the process, avoiding the risk of node displacement and structural continuity collapse.

[0033] 5. High construction efficiency: The modular design of each component makes disassembly and assembly convenient. The replacement of a single pole can be completed within 2 to 3 hours, which is suitable for the rapid turnover construction of multiple poles at high altitudes. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an in-situ support device for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism in this invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the base plate in this invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable clamping assembly in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the force-applying mechanism in this invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the force-applying mechanism in this invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram of the outer sleeve assembly in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0042] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment describes an in-situ strut device for replacing members in a bolt ball grid structure. It includes a force-applying mechanism 2 and two positioning mechanisms 1. The positioning mechanisms 1 are respectively located at both ends of the force-applying mechanism 2. The force-applying mechanism 2 applies force to the bolt ball connected to the old member to be replaced. The positioning mechanism 1 includes a base plate 1-1, a sleeve assembly 1-2, two connecting sections 1-3, and two adjustable clamping assemblies 1-4. The base plate 1-1 is vertically positioned at the end of the force-applying mechanism 2. The sleeve assembly 1-2 is located on the outer end face of the base plate 1-1 and is used to clamp the old or new member to be replaced. Both sides of the base plate 1-1 are connected to the adjustable clamping assemblies 1-4 via connecting sections 1-3. The adjustable clamping assemblies 1-4 are used to clamp stable members adjacent to the member to be replaced.

[0043] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 7 In this embodiment, the sleeve assembly 1-2 is rotatably connected to the base plate 1-1, and the two are mutually limited.

[0044] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in Specific Embodiment 1.

[0045] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1 to 7This embodiment describes a base plate 1-1 comprising two semi-circular plates 1-1-1, which are arranged opposite each other and joined to form a circular plate. The outer end face of the circular plate has an annular groove 1-1-2. A positioning sleeve 1-1-4 is provided on the side of each semi-circular plate 1-1-1. The positioning sleeve 1-1-4 is an arc-shaped sleeve, and a sleeve limiting bolt is provided on one side of the positioning sleeve 1-1-4. -1 has a sleeve limiting bolt hole 1-1-3, the sleeve limiting bolt is threaded into the sleeve limiting bolt hole 1-1-3, and the end can pass through the groove wall of the annular slide groove 1-1-2; the sleeve assembly 1-2 includes an annular slide rail 1-2-3, the annular slide rail 1-2-3 is inserted into the annular slide groove 1-1-2 and is slidably connected with the annular slide groove 1-1-2, and the sleeve limiting bolt can be tightened on the annular slide rail 1-2-3 for limiting.

[0046] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in Specific Embodiment Two.

[0047] The base plate 1-1 is composed of two completely symmetrical semi-circular plates 1-1-1, which are joined together by annular slide rails 1-2-3 on the sleeve assembly 1-2, and sleeve limiting bolts are spliced ​​together by passing through sleeve limiting bolt holes 1-1-3 on the side. The side of the semi-circular plate 1-1-1 is provided with a positioning sleeve 1-1-4 to provide accurate positioning for the force application mechanism 2.

[0048] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 7 In this embodiment, the sleeve assembly 1-2 further includes two semi-hexagonal sleeve plates 1-2-1, which are arranged opposite each other to form a hexagonal sleeve. A circular slide rail 1-2-3 is provided on the bottom end face of the hexagonal sleeve. Each of the six side walls of the hexagonal sleeve is provided with a sleeve fine-tuning bolt hole 1-2-2. A sleeve fine-tuning bolt 1-2-6 is provided in the sleeve fine-tuning bolt hole 1-2-2. A sleeve auxiliary clamping plate 1-2-4 is provided at the end of the sleeve fine-tuning bolt 1-2-6. The sleeve auxiliary clamping plate 1-2-4 is provided on the inner side of the hexagonal sleeve, and a sleeve clamping plate spring 1-2-5 is provided between the sleeve auxiliary clamping plate 1-2-4 and the hexagonal sleeve. The sleeve clamping plate spring 1-2-5 is fitted on the sleeve fine-tuning bolt 1-2-6.

[0049] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in Specific Embodiment Three.

[0050] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figures 1 to 7 In this embodiment, the distance between the connecting section 1-3 and the base plate 1-1 and the adjustable clamping assembly 1-4 is adjustable.

[0051] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in Specific Embodiment 1.

[0052] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment describes a connecting section 1-3, which includes a connecting block 1-3-3 and two sets of connecting limiting components. One end of the connecting block 1-3-3 is connected to the base plate 1-1 through one set of connecting limiting components, and the front end of the connecting block 1-3-3 is connected to the adjustable clamping component 1-4 through the other set of connecting limiting components. The connecting limiting components include a set of connecting screws 1-3-1 and a set of connecting springs 1-3-2, with the connecting springs 1-3-2 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting screws 1-3-1.

[0053] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in Specific Embodiment Five.

[0054] Connecting section 1-3 is located between base plate 1-1 and adjustable clamping assembly 1-4, serving as a buffer and force transmission component. One end of connecting block 1-3-3 is connected to base plate 1-1 via a set of connecting limiting components, where connecting screw 1-3-1 is used to lock the position of base plate 1-1. Connecting spring 1-3-2 is elastically connected to base plate 1-1 and adjustable clamping assembly 1-4. This flexible connection can adapt to minor deformations of the space frame nodes during unloading, avoiding rigid jamming. Simultaneously, the presence of connecting spring 1-3-2 allows the device to be adapted to bolt balls and bolt ball rods of different sizes.

[0055] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment describes an adjustable clamping assembly 1-4, which includes a semi-hexagonal clamping arm 1-4-1. The middle part of the outer side of the semi-hexagonal clamping arm 1-4-1 is connected to a connecting section 1-3. Each of the four side walls of the semi-hexagonal clamping arm 1-4-1 has an auxiliary clamping plate 1-4-2. A clamping plate spring 1-4-3 is fixedly connected between the auxiliary clamping plate 1-4-2 and the semi-hexagonal clamping arm 1-4-1. Each of the two opposite side walls of the semi-hexagonal clamping arm 1-4-1 has a clamping arm fine-tuning bolt hole 1-4-6. A clamping arm fine-tuning bolt 1-4-5 is installed in the clamping arm fine-tuning bolt hole 1-4-6. The ends of the clamping arm fine-tuning bolts 1-4-5 are respectively connected to the two opposite auxiliary clamping plates 1-4-2. The two opposite clamping plate springs 1-4-3 are respectively fitted onto the clamping arm fine-tuning bolts 1-4-5.

[0056] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in Specific Embodiment 1.

[0057] The axis of the adjustable clamping assembly 1-4 is set perpendicular to the base plate 1-1. The adjustable clamping assembly 1-4 is used to clamp the stable rod adjacent to the rod to be replaced, providing lateral constraint for the entire positioning mechanism and finding the exact position for the entire mechanism.

[0058] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1 to 7This embodiment describes a force-applying mechanism 2 that includes a miniature hydraulic jack 2-1 and two telescopic components, which are respectively disposed at the ends of the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1.

[0059] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in Specific Embodiment 1.

[0060] The force application mechanism 2 is a threaded telescopic miniature hydraulic jack assembly.

[0061] In order to collect axial force and displacement data in real time and transmit them to a remote monitoring terminal to realize closed-loop control of the entire process of internal force unloading and recovery, the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1 is equipped with a high-precision pressure sensor and a displacement sensor.

[0062] Specific Implementation Method Nine: Combining Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment describes a telescopic assembly comprising an inner sleeve 2-2, an outer sleeve assembly 2-3, and an auxiliary sleeve assembly 2-4. The outer sleeve assembly 2-3 includes two symmetrically arranged outer sleeve arc plates 2-3-1. Multiple inner sleeve limiting bolts 2-3-3 are provided on the outer sleeve arc plates 2-3-1. The ends of the inner sleeve limiting bolts 2-3-3 pass through the outer sleeve arc plates 2-3-1 and abut against the inner sleeve 2-2. Outer sleeve ear plates 2-3-4 are fixedly connected to the edges of both sides of the outer sleeve arc plates 2-3-1. The auxiliary sleeve assembly 2-4 includes two symmetrically arranged auxiliary sleeve arc plates 2-4-1. Auxiliary sleeve ear plates 2-3-4 are fixedly connected to the edges of both sides of the auxiliary sleeve arc plates 2-4-1. The auxiliary sleeve ear plate 2-4-2, two outer sleeve arc plates 2-3-1 and two auxiliary sleeve arc plates 2-4-1 are spliced ​​together to form a circular sleeve. The adjacent outer sleeve ear plates 2-3-4 and auxiliary sleeve ear plates 2-4-2 are connected by sleeve connecting bolts 2-3-5. The inner sleeve 2-2 is threaded inside the outer sleeve assembly 2-3 and the auxiliary sleeve assembly 2-4. The outer end of the inner sleeve 2-2 passes through the base plate 1-1 and abuts against the bolt ball connected to the old rod to be replaced. The inner end of the outer sleeve assembly 2-3 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary force plate 2-3-6. The auxiliary force plate 2-3-6 is connected to the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1 by multiple miniature high-strength bolts 2-3-7.

[0063] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in specific embodiment eight.

[0064] The inner wall of the outer sleeve arc plate 2-3-1 has internal threads, the inner wall of the auxiliary sleeve arc plate 2-4-1 has internal threads, and the outer wall of the inner sleeve 2-2 has external threads. The outer wall of the outer sleeve arc plate 2-3-1 has longitudinal stiffening ribs 2-3-2 to withstand the large bending moment generated during jacking, preventing buckling of the outer sleeve and enhancing local bending stiffness. The outer end of the inner sleeve 2-2 passes through the positioning sleeve 1-1-4 on the base plate 1-1 and directly abuts against the surface of the bolt ball joint.

[0065] After installing the positioning mechanism 1 and the force-applying mechanism 2, disassemble the auxiliary sleeve assembly 2-4. Remove the old rod to be replaced from the gap in the outer sleeve assembly 2-3 by rotating the sleeve assembly 1-2. At this point, the force of the rod is transferred to the force-applying mechanism 2. Insert the new rod of the same specification into the sleeve assembly 1-2, aligning it with the bolt holes at both ends. Initially screw in the high-strength bolts, leaving a 2mm gap. On the monitoring terminal, instruct the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1 to begin staged depressurization at a certain amplitude. With each stage of depressurization, simultaneously tighten the high-strength bolts at both ends by an angle. When the output force of the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1 drops to 0, fully tighten the high-strength bolts at both ends of the new rod to be replaced. At this point, the force is entirely borne by the new rod, and the internal force is restored. The entire replacement process is quick, efficient, and structurally safe and stable.

[0066] Specific Implementation Method Ten: Combining Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment describes a replacement method for an in-situ strut device used for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure, comprising the following steps:

[0067] Step 1: Determine the member to be replaced and its design axial force state: Based on the structural design drawings or on-site measured internal force data, determine the nature and magnitude of the axial force of the member to be replaced, and record the spatial coordinates of the bolt ball joints at both ends and the member length;

[0068] Step 2, Assembly and Pre-adjustment of the Device: The spring force of the sleeve clamping plate spring 1-2-5 on the sleeve auxiliary clamping plate 1-2-4 achieves initial clamping of the old rod to be replaced. By adjusting multiple sleeve fine-tuning bolts 1-2-6, the axis of the hexagonal sleeve is made coaxial with the axis of the old rod to be replaced and clamps the old rod. At the same time, the spring force of the clamping arm clamping plate spring 1-4-3 on the clamping arm auxiliary clamping plate 1-4-2 initially clamps the two adjacent rods in the direction perpendicular to the old rod to be replaced. By adjusting the clamping arm fine-tuning bolt 1-4-5, the clamping arm auxiliary clamping plate 1-4-2 is made to fit tightly with the outer surface of the adjacent rod, and the axis of the semi-hexagonal clamping arm 1-4-1 is made coaxial with the axis of the adjacent rod. Assemble the connecting section 1-3 to make the entire positioning mechanism 1 form a rigid constraint.

[0069] Step 3: Install the force application mechanism and establish the unloading path: Measure the distance between the two bolt balls connected to the old rod to be replaced, then connect the telescopic assembly, adjust the length of the telescopic assembly to match the distance between the two bolt balls, lock and position, then remove the auxiliary sleeve assembly 2-4. The outer end of the inner sleeve 2-2 fits tightly with the surface of the bolt balls. Install the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1. Connect the hydraulic system of the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1 to the hydraulic pump station and data acquisition system. Perform zero-point calibration on the pressure sensor and displacement sensor built into the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1.

[0070] Step 4: Staged unloading of the old rod's axial force: Start the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1, applying lifting force in stages, each stage being 10% of the designed axial force; after each stage of loading, stabilize for 2-3 minutes, recording the pressure and displacement values ​​using pressure and displacement sensors respectively; when the output force of the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1 reaches 95%-105% of the actual axial force of the old rod to be replaced, stop loading and maintain stable pressure; at this point, the old rod to be replaced is in a near-zero stress state. Check the contact pressure between the sleeve auxiliary clamp 1-2-4 and the old rod to be replaced using the sleeve fine-tuning bolt 1-2-6 to confirm that unloading is complete;

[0071] Step 5: Remove the old rod to be replaced and clean the joints: In the unloaded state, remove the high-strength bolts connecting the two ends of the old rod to be replaced to the bolt ball joints; pull the old rod to be replaced out of the sleeve assembly 1-2, and clean the rust, oil stains and old rod residue on the surface of the bolt ball joints; check whether the threaded holes of the bolt ball joints are intact, and repair them by tapping if necessary.

[0072] Step Six: Install the new rod to be replaced and restore internal force: Insert the new rod to be replaced into the sleeve assembly 1-2, and initially align its two ends with the bolt ball joints; install the high-strength bolts at both ends of the new rod to be replaced, but do not tighten them completely, leaving a gap of 1-2mm; slowly reduce the output force of the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1, according to the reverse order of unloading levels, with 10% of the design axial force as level one, and depressurize in stages; during the depressurization process, the new rod to be replaced gradually bears the axial force transmitted by the force application mechanism 2, while the high-strength bolts are gradually tightened to the design torque; when the output force of the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1 drops to zero, the new rod to be replaced has fully borne the design axial force of the original old rod to be replaced, and the internal force restoration is completed;

[0073] Step 7: Device dismantling and site cleanup: Remove the inner cylinder limiting bolt 2-3-3 of the outer sleeve assembly 2-3, and remove the outer sleeve assembly 2-3, inner sleeve 2-2 and miniature hydraulic jack 2-1 in sequence; loosen the clamping arm fine adjustment bolt 1-4-5 and connecting screw 1-3-1, and remove the adjustable clamping assembly 1-4 and base plate 1-1; slide the sleeve assembly 1-2 out from the outside of the new rod to be replaced, and complete the dismantling of the entire device; clean, lubricate and perform necessary inspections on the dismantled device in preparation for the next use.

[0074] In step two, the sleeve assembly 1-2 is installed on the base plate 1-1 by inserting the circular slide rail 1-2-3 into the circular slide groove 1-1-2. Then, the sleeve clamping spring 1-2-5 exerts its elastic force on the sleeve auxiliary clamping plate 1-2-4 to achieve initial clamping of the old rod to be replaced. The sleeve assembly 1-2 clamps the old rod to be replaced and can rotate around the axis of the old rod to be replaced. At the same time, the circumferential position of the sleeve assembly 1-2 can be locked by the sleeve limiting bolt.

[0075] Adjust multiple sleeve fine-tuning bolts 1-2-6 to make the axis of the old rod to be replaced coaxial with the axis of the hexagonal sleeve. Then tighten the sleeve fine-tuning bolts 1-2-6 to make the hexagonal contour formed by the sleeve auxiliary clamping plate 1-2-4 fit tightly with the cross section of the old rod to be replaced. At the same time, the spring force of the clamping arm clamping plate spring 1-4-3 on the clamping arm auxiliary clamping plate 1-4-2 initially clamps the two adjacent rods in the direction perpendicular to the old rod to be replaced. Adjust the clamping arm fine-tuning bolts 1-4-5 to make the clamping arm auxiliary clamping plate 1-4-2 fit tightly with the outer surface of the adjacent rod, and make the axis of the semi-hexagonal clamping arm 1-4-1 coaxial with the axis of the adjacent rod. Pass a set of connecting screws 1-3-1 through the semi-hexagonal clamping arm 1-4-1 and press it against the connecting block 1-3-3. At the same time, pass another set of connecting screws 1-3-1 through the connecting block 1-3-3 and press it against the base plate 1-1 to make the entire positioning mechanism 1 form a rigid constraint.

[0076] In step three, the outer sleeve assembly 2-3 and the auxiliary sleeve assembly 2-4 are connected into a circular sleeve by the sleeve connecting bolt 2-3-5, so that the internal threads of the outer sleeve assembly 2-3 and the auxiliary sleeve assembly 2-4 are threadedly connected to the external threads of the inner sleeve 2-2. The distance can be finely adjusted using the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1, and the assembly is rotated to match the distance. Then, the inner cylinder limiting bolt 2-3-3 is tightened to position the outer sleeve assembly 2-3 and the inner sleeve 2-2. Finally, the sleeve connecting bolt 2-3-5 is removed to remove the auxiliary sleeve assembly 2-4.

[0077] Positioning sleeve 1-1-4 guides and limits the inner sleeve 2-2. By passing the outer end of the inner sleeve 2-2 through positioning sleeve 1-1-4 of positioning mechanism 1 and abutting against the surface of the bolt ball connected to the old rod to be replaced, the inner sleeve 2-2 and the surface of the bolt ball are tightly fitted, and the axis of the outer sleeve assembly 2-3 is aligned with the axis of the old rod to be replaced. The miniature hydraulic jack 2-1 is installed between two auxiliary force plates 2-3-6 by several miniature high-strength bolts 2-3-7, ensuring that the lifting direction of the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1 is parallel to the axis of the old rod to be replaced. The hydraulic system of the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1 is connected to the hydraulic pump station and data acquisition system to perform zero-point calibration of the pressure sensor and displacement sensor built into the miniature hydraulic jack 2-1.

[0078] In step five, under unloading conditions, the high-strength bolts connecting the two ends of the old rod to be replaced to the bolt ball joints are removed by loosening the sleeve assembly 1-2 on the old rod to be replaced, or by rotating the sleeve assembly 1-2.

[0079] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An in-situ strut device for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure, characterized in that: It includes a force-applying mechanism (2) and two positioning mechanisms (1). The positioning mechanisms (1) are respectively set at both ends of the force-applying mechanism (2). The force-applying mechanism (2) applies force to the bolt ball connected to the old rod to be replaced. The positioning mechanism (1) includes a base plate (1-1), a sleeve assembly (1-2), two connecting sections (1-3) and two adjustable clamping assemblies (1-4). The base plate (1-1) is vertically set at the end of the force-applying mechanism (2). The sleeve assembly (1-2) is set on the outer end face of the base plate (1-1) and is used to clamp the old rod or new rod to be replaced. The two sides of the base plate (1-1) are respectively connected to the adjustable clamping assembly (1-4) through the connecting section (1-3). The adjustable clamping assembly (1-4) is used to clamp the stabilizing rod adjacent to the rod to be replaced.

2. The in-situ support device for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve assembly (1-2) is rotatably connected to the base plate (1-1), and the two are mutually limited.

3. The in-situ support device for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base plate (1-1) includes two semi-circular plates (1-1-1), which are arranged opposite each other to form a circular plate. The outer end face of the circular plate has an annular groove (1-1-2). A positioning sleeve (1-1-4) is provided on the side of each semi-circular plate (1-1-1). The positioning sleeve (1-1-4) is an arc-shaped sleeve, and a sleeve limiting bolt is provided on one side of the positioning sleeve (1-1-4). A sleeve is also provided on the semi-circular plate (1-1-1). The sleeve limiting bolt hole (1-1-3) is threadedly connected to the sleeve limiting bolt hole (1-1-3), and its end can pass through the groove wall of the annular slide groove (1-1-2); the sleeve assembly (1-2) includes an annular slide rail (1-2-3), which is inserted into the annular slide groove (1-1-2) and slidably connected to the annular slide groove (1-1-2), and the sleeve limiting bolt can be tightened on the annular slide rail (1-2-3) for limiting.

4. The in-situ support device for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sleeve assembly (1-2) also includes two semi-hexagonal sleeve plates (1-2-1). The two semi-hexagonal sleeve plates (1-2-1) are arranged opposite each other and spliced ​​to form a hexagonal sleeve. The circular slide rail (1-2-3) is set on the bottom end face of the hexagonal sleeve. Each of the six side walls of the hexagonal sleeve is provided with a sleeve fine adjustment bolt hole (1-2-2). A sleeve fine adjustment bolt (1-2-6) is provided in the sleeve fine adjustment bolt hole (1-2-2). A sleeve auxiliary clamping plate (1-2-4) is provided at the end of the sleeve fine adjustment bolt (1-2-6). The sleeve auxiliary clamping plate (1-2-4) is set on the inside of the hexagonal sleeve, and a sleeve clamping plate spring (1-2-5) is provided between it and the hexagonal sleeve. The sleeve clamping plate spring (1-2-5) is fitted on the sleeve fine adjustment bolt (1-2-6).

5. The in-situ support device for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the connecting section (1-3) and the base plate (1-1) and the adjustable clamping assembly (1-4) is adjustable.

6. The in-situ strut device for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting section (1-3) includes a connecting block (1-3-3) and two sets of connecting limiting components. One end of the connecting block (1-3-3) is connected to the base plate (1-1) through one set of connecting limiting components, and the front end of the connecting block (1-3-3) is connected to the adjustable clamping component (1-4) through another set of connecting limiting components. The connecting limiting component includes a set of connecting screws (1-3-1) and a set of connecting springs (1-3-2). The connecting springs (1-3-2) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting screws (1-3-1).

7. The in-situ support device for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable clamping assembly (1-4) includes a semi-hexagonal clamping arm (1-4-1). The middle part of the outer side of the semi-hexagonal clamping arm (1-4-1) is connected to the connecting section (1-3). Each of the four side walls of the semi-hexagonal clamping arm (1-4-1) is provided with an auxiliary clamping plate (1-4-2). A clamping plate spring (1-4-3) is fixedly connected between the auxiliary clamping plate (1-4-2) and the semi-hexagonal clamping arm (1-4-1). The clamping arm (1-4-1) has clamping arm fine adjustment bolt holes (1-4-6) on its two opposite side walls. The clamping arm fine adjustment bolt (1-4-5) is installed in the clamping arm fine adjustment bolt hole (1-4-6). The end of the clamping arm fine adjustment bolt (1-4-5) is connected to the two opposite clamping arm auxiliary clamps (1-4-2) respectively. The two opposite clamping arm clamp springs (1-4-3) are respectively fitted on the clamping arm fine adjustment bolt (1-4-5).

8. The in-situ strut device for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force-applying mechanism (2) includes a miniature hydraulic jack (2-1) and two telescopic components, which are respectively located at the ends of the miniature hydraulic jack (2-1).

9. The in-situ strut device for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly includes an inner sleeve (2-2), an outer sleeve assembly (2-3), and an auxiliary sleeve assembly (2-4). The outer sleeve assembly (2-3) includes two symmetrically arranged outer sleeve arc plates (2-3-1). Multiple inner sleeve limiting bolts (2-3-3) are provided on the outer sleeve arc plates (2-3-1). The ends of the inner sleeve limiting bolts (2-3-3) pass through the outer sleeve arc plates (2-3-1) and abut against the inner sleeve (2-2). Outer sleeve ear plates (2-3-4) are fixedly connected to the edges of both sides of the outer sleeve arc plates (2-3-1). The auxiliary sleeve assembly (2-4) includes two symmetrically arranged auxiliary sleeve arc plates (2-4-1). Auxiliary sleeve ear plates (2-4-4) are fixedly connected to the edges of both sides of the auxiliary sleeve arc plates (2-4-1). 4-2), two outer sleeve arc plates (2-3-1) and two auxiliary sleeve arc plates (2-4-1) are spliced ​​together to form a circular sleeve. The adjacent outer sleeve ear plates (2-3-4) and auxiliary sleeve ear plates (2-4-2) are connected by sleeve connecting bolts (2-3-5). The inner sleeve (2-2) is threaded inside the outer sleeve assembly (2-3) and the auxiliary sleeve assembly (2-4). The outer end of the inner sleeve (2-2) passes through the bottom plate (1-1) and abuts against the bolt ball connected to the old rod to be replaced. The inner end of the outer sleeve assembly (2-3) is fixedly connected to the auxiliary force plate (2-3-6). The auxiliary force plate (2-3-6) is connected to the miniature hydraulic jack (2-1) by multiple miniature high-strength bolts (2-3-7).

10. A method for replacing an in-situ strut device for replacing members in a bolted ball grid structure, based on any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the member to be replaced and its design axial force state: Based on the structural design drawings or on-site measured internal force data, determine the nature and magnitude of the axial force of the member to be replaced, and record the spatial coordinates of the bolt ball joints at both ends and the member length; Step 2, Assembly and Pre-adjustment of the Device: The spring force of the sleeve clamping plate spring (1-2-5) on the sleeve auxiliary clamping plate (1-2-4) is used to initially clamp the old rod to be replaced. By adjusting multiple sleeve fine-tuning bolts (1-2-6), the axis of the hexagonal sleeve is made to be coaxial with the axis of the old rod to be replaced and clamp the old rod to be replaced. At the same time, the spring force of the clamping arm clamping plate spring (1-4-3) on the clamping arm auxiliary clamping plate (1-4-2) is used to initially clamp the two adjacent rods in the direction perpendicular to the old rod to be replaced. By adjusting the clamping arm fine-tuning bolt (1-4-5), the clamping arm auxiliary clamping plate (1-4-2) is made to fit tightly with the outer surface of the adjacent rod, and the axis of the semi-hexagonal clamping arm (1-4-1) is made to be coaxial with the axis of the adjacent rod. Assemble the connecting section (1-3) to make the entire positioning mechanism (1) form a rigid constraint. Step 3: Install the force application mechanism and establish the unloading path: Measure the distance between the two bolt balls connected to the old rod to be replaced, then connect the telescopic assembly, adjust the length of the telescopic assembly to match the distance between the two bolt balls, lock and position, remove the auxiliary sleeve assembly (2-4), the outer end of the inner sleeve (2-2) fits tightly with the surface of the bolt ball, install the miniature hydraulic jack (2-1), connect the hydraulic system of the miniature hydraulic jack (2-1) to the hydraulic pump station and data acquisition system, and perform zero-point calibration on the pressure sensor and displacement sensor built into the miniature hydraulic jack (2-1); Step 4: Staged unloading of the old rod's axial force: Start the miniature hydraulic jack (2-1) and apply lifting force in stages, each stage being 10% of the designed axial force. After each stage of loading, stabilize for 2-3 minutes and record the pressure and displacement values ​​using pressure and displacement sensors, respectively. When the output force of the miniature hydraulic jack (2-1) reaches 95%-105% of the actual axial force of the old rod to be replaced, stop loading and maintain stable pressure. At this point, the old rod to be replaced is in a near-zero stress state. Check the contact pressure between the sleeve auxiliary clamp (1-2-4) and the old rod to be replaced using the sleeve fine-tuning bolt (1-2-6) to confirm that unloading is complete. Step 5: Remove the old rod to be replaced and clean the joints: In the unloaded state, remove the high-strength bolts connecting the two ends of the old rod to be replaced to the bolt ball joints; pull the old rod to be replaced out of the sleeve assembly (1-2), and clean the rust, oil stains and old rod residue on the surface of the bolt ball joints; check whether the threaded holes of the bolt ball joints are intact, and tap them for repair if necessary. Step 6: Install the new rod to be replaced and restore internal force: Insert the new rod to be replaced into the sleeve assembly (1-2) and initially align its two ends with the bolt ball joints; install the high-strength bolts at both ends of the new rod to be replaced, but do not tighten them completely, leaving a gap of 1-2 mm; slowly reduce the output force of the micro hydraulic jack (2-1), according to the reverse order of unloading levels, with 10% of the design axial force as level 1, and depressurize in stages; during the depressurization process, the new rod to be replaced gradually bears the axial force transmitted by the force application mechanism (2), while the high-strength bolts are gradually tightened to the design torque; when the output force of the micro hydraulic jack (2-1) drops to zero, the new rod to be replaced has fully borne the design axial force of the original old rod to be replaced, and the internal force restoration is completed; Step 7: Device dismantling and site cleanup: Remove the inner cylinder limiting bolt (2-3-3) of the outer sleeve assembly (2-3), and remove the outer sleeve assembly (2-3), inner sleeve (2-2), and miniature hydraulic jack (2-1) in sequence; loosen the clamping arm fine adjustment bolt (1-4-5) and connecting screw (1-3-1), and remove the adjustable clamping assembly (1-4) and base plate (1-1); slide the sleeve assembly (1-2) out from the outside of the new rod to be replaced, and complete the dismantling of the entire device; clean, lubricate, and perform necessary inspections on the dismantled device in preparation for the next use.

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