Geological prospecting drill bit

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of geological drilling technology, and in particular to a geological exploration drilling bit, comprising an electric spindle with a spindle tube as the main shaft, multiple anti-rotation fins, and conical spiral blades that are larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The electric spindle is vertically arranged, with its top fixedly mounted through the middle of a base. A thin-walled connector pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the base to allow water flow into the spindle. Multiple anti-rotation fins are evenly spaced and fixed to the outer wall of the base to prevent rotation. This geological exploration drilling bit is highly adaptable, relying primarily on gravity for drilling in soft formations. In hard formations, it provides enhanced clamping. This device converts part of the rotational power of the electric spindle into periodic axial impact force, automatically increasing the downward pressure to improve drilling efficiency and effectively solving the problem of insufficient axial pressure in hard rock by rotary drill bits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological drilling technology, and in particular to a geological exploration drilling bit. Background Technology

[0002] In geological exploration, mineral exploration, and engineering geological surveys, drilling is a key technology for obtaining underground samples and geological information. Among these methods, spiral drilling and hydraulic circulation drilling are two common approaches suitable for loose overburden and soft to medium-hard rock formations. However, in practical applications, especially under complex geological conditions, the drilling power primarily relies on the equipment's own weight or externally applied static pressure. In hard rock formations or when high drilling rates are required, gravity alone is often insufficient to provide effective rock-breaking axial pressure, leading to slow drilling and rapid drill bit wear. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a geological exploration drilling bit.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Design a geological exploration drill bit, comprising an electric spindle with a spindle tube as the main shaft, multiple anti-rotation fins, and conical helical blades that are larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, wherein: The electric spindle is set vertically, and the top of the electric spindle is fixed through the middle of the base. A thin-walled connector pipe is fixed to the top of the base to allow water to flow into the spindle. Multiple anti-rotation fins are fixed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the base to prevent the base from rotating; It also includes a tapered helical blade that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The top of the tapered helical blade is fixed to the bottom of the electric spindle, and a cutting head is fixed to the bottom of the tapered helical blade. The tapered helical blade is internally connected to the hollow cutting head and the electric spindle. A through hole is provided on the cutting head to allow water to flow through.

[0005] Preferably, a feeding screw is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the electric spindle, and the feeding screw is located between the conical spiral blade and the base to drive the water flow in the borehole upward.

[0006] Preferably, both ends of the feeding screw are fixed with trumpet-shaped water distributors, which guide the water flow to prevent the water flow from directly impacting the upper components.

[0007] Preferably, the outer wall of the electric spindle is provided with a peristaltic structure to provide downward power for the whole device. The peristaltic structure includes a ring-shaped rotating body, which is sleeved on the spindle of the electric spindle. The rotating body is located between the feeding screw and the base. A groove is provided on the outer wall of the rotating body, and a wedge-shaped stop block that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom is slidably fitted in the groove.

[0008] Preferably, an external spline tube is fixed to the outer wall of the electric spindle, the rotating body is sleeved on the external spline tube, a spline sleeve is slidably fitted on the external spline tube, the spline sleeve is rotatably connected to the inner ring of the rotating body, a blind hole is radially opened on the outer wall of the spline sleeve, the blind hole communicates with the groove, a piston is slidably fitted in the blind hole to adjust the pressure in the groove, and a return spring is provided on the inner wall of the blind hole to apply a spring force to the piston pointing towards the center of the spline sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the spline sleeve is less than the length of the outer spline tube.

[0010] Preferably, a protective housing with a ring is fixed to the bottom surface of the base. The inner ring of the protective housing is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the electric spindle. Multiple reciprocating screws are rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the protective housing. Multiple screw holes are opened on the upper surface of the rotating body. The bottom threads of the reciprocating screws are engaged in the screw holes.

[0011] Preferably, multiple small gears are rotatably mounted on the bottom surface inside the protective housing. The small gears are fixedly connected to the top of the reciprocating lead screw. A large gear is fixedly connected to the main shaft of the electric spindle. The large gear is located inside the protective housing and cooperates with the small gears.

[0012] Preferably, the reciprocating screw is fitted with a corrugated flexible hose to protect it.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the geological exploration drilling bit proposed in this invention are as follows: the geological exploration drilling bit has strong adaptability, mainly relying on gravity drilling in soft strata; in hard strata, the clamping effect is enhanced. This device converts part of the rotational power of the electric spindle into periodic axial impact force, and the downward pressure is automatically increased to improve drilling efficiency, effectively solving the shortcomings of insufficient axial pressure of rotary drill bits in hard rock. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of a geological exploration drilling bit proposed in this invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a geological exploration drill bit proposed in this invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a top view of a geological exploration drilling bit proposed in this invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This invention provides a geological exploration drilling bit. Figure 3 Sectional view along the AA direction.

[0018] Figure 5This invention provides a geological exploration drilling bit. Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0019] Figure 6 This invention provides a geological exploration drilling bit. Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotating body of a geological exploration drilling bit proposed in this invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Pipeline support; 2. Armored cable; 3. Water supply pipe; 4. Connector pipe; 5. Base; 6. Terminal block; 7. Anti-rotation fins; 8. Housing; 9. Pinion; 10. Gear; 11. Electric spindle; 12. Corrugated hose; 13. Reciprocating screw; 14. Rotating body; 15. Groove; 16. Wedge stop; 17. Screw hole; 18. Spline sleeve; 19. External spline tube; 20. Blind hole; 21. Piston; 22. Return spring; 23. Feed screw; 24. Water distributor; 25. Conical helical blade; 26. Cutting head. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A geological exploration drilling bit includes an electric spindle 11 with a spindle tube as the main shaft, multiple anti-rotation fins 7, and a tapered spiral blade 25 that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The electric spindle 11 is vertically arranged, and the top of the electric spindle 11 is fixedly fixed to the middle of the base 5. A thin-walled connector pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 5 to accommodate water flow into the spindle of the electric spindle 11. Multiple anti-rotation fins 7 are fixed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the base 5 to prevent the base 5 from rotating. The top of the conical spiral blade 25 is fixed to the bottom of the main shaft of the electric spindle 11. The bottom of the conical spiral blade 25 is fixed to a cutting head 26. The conical spiral blade 25 is internally connected to the hollow cutting head 26 and the main shaft of the electric spindle 11. A through hole is opened on the cutting head 26 to allow water to pass through. A feeding screw 23 is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the main shaft of the electric spindle 11. The feeding screw 23 is located between the conical spiral blade 25 and the base 5 to drive the water in the borehole upward. The upper and lower ends of the feeding screw 23 are fixed to a trumpet-shaped water distributor 24. The water distributor 24 guides the water flow to prevent the water flow from directly impacting the upper components.

[0024] The pipeline support 1 is erected at a high position to support and guide the armored cable 2 and the water supply pipe 3. The water supply pipe 3 is connected to the connector pipe 4 to supply water to the spindle of the electric spindle 11. The armored cable 2 is connected to the base 5 through the terminal block 6 to supply power to the electric spindle 11, thereby driving the spindle to rotate.

[0025] During drilling operations, the spindle of the electric spindle 11 rotates, thereby driving the cutting head 26 and the conical spiral blade 25 to rotate to drill vertical holes on the bottom surface. At the beginning of the operation, manual assistance is provided to stabilize the device until the entire device is submerged in the ground.

[0026] After the entire device is submerged in the ground, the cutting head 26 and the conical spiral blade 25 continue drilling downwards under the action of gravity. The anti-rotation fins 7 on the outer wall of the base 5 are inserted into the soil inside the borehole to prevent the base 5 from rotating. During the drilling process, the water supply pipe 3 continuously supplies water to the electric spindle 11. The water flows through the spindle and the conical spiral blade 25 and is discharged from the through hole on the cutting head 26 to flush out the mud and sand in the borehole. During the rotation of the spindle, the feeding screw 23 will be driven to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the feeding screw 23 will drive the water in the borehole to flow towards the surface. The feed screw 23 moves upward, thereby accelerating the discharge of mud and sand from the borehole. In addition, while applying an upward driving force to the water, the feed screw 23 is also subjected to a downward reverse force, thereby providing downward pressure on the cutting head 26 and the conical spiral blade 25 in addition to gravity, thus accelerating the drilling speed. After drilling to the designated depth, the pipeline support 1 winds up the armored cable 2 and the water supply pipe 3 so that the entire device can be pulled out of the borehole. The staff uses a sampling device to collect and analyze soil samples from the bottom of the borehole to complete the geological drilling work.

[0027] like Figures 2-7 As shown, a peristaltic structure is provided on the outer wall of the electric spindle 11 to provide downward power for the entire device. The peristaltic structure includes a ring-shaped rotating body 14, which is sleeved on the spindle of the electric spindle 11. The rotating body 14 is located between the feeding screw 23 and the base 5. A groove 15 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating body 14, and a wedge-shaped stop 16, which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, is slidably fitted in the groove 15. An external spline tube 19 is fixed to the outer wall of the electric spindle 11, and the rotating body 14 is sleeved on the outer wall. On the spline tube 19, a spline sleeve 18 is slidably fitted on the outer spline tube 19. The thickness of the spline sleeve 18 is less than the length of the outer spline tube 19. The spline sleeve 18 is rotatably connected to the inner ring of the rotating body 14. A blind hole 20 is radially opened on the outer wall of the spline sleeve 18. The blind hole 20 communicates with the groove 15. A piston 21 is slidably fitted in the blind hole 20 to adjust the pressure in the groove 15. A return spring 22 is provided on the inner wall of the blind hole 20 to apply a spring force to the piston 21 pointing towards the center of the spline sleeve 18.

[0028] During the rotation of the spindle 11, the outer spline tube 19 will rotate synchronously. The rotation of the outer spline tube 19 will drive the spline sleeve 18 to rotate at high speed. During the rotation of the spline sleeve 18, the piston 21 in its blind hole 20 will overcome the tension of the return spring 22 under the action of centrifugal force and make centrifugal motion. The centrifugal motion of the piston 21 on the spline sleeve 18 will increase the pressure in the groove 15. The wedge-shaped stop 16 will extend outward from the groove 15 under the action of pressure, so that the wedge-shaped stop 16 abuts against the inner wall of the drill hole, so that the entire device can only drill downward and cannot move upward.

[0029] like Figures 4-6 As shown, a ring-shaped protective housing 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the base 5. The inner ring of the protective housing 8 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the main shaft of the electric spindle 11. Multiple reciprocating screws 13 are rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the protective housing 8. Multiple screw holes 17 are opened on the upper surface of the rotating body 14. The bottom threads of the reciprocating screws 13 are threaded into the screw holes 17. Multiple small gears 9 are rotatably mounted on the bottom surface inside the protective housing 8. The small gears 9 are fixedly connected to the top of the reciprocating screws 13. A large gear 10 is fixedly connected to the main shaft of the electric spindle 11. The large gear 10 is located inside the protective housing 8 and cooperates with the small gears 9. A corrugated hose 12 is sleeved on the outside of the reciprocating screws 13 to protect the reciprocating screws 13.

[0030] The main spindle of the electric spindle 11 drives the large gear 10 to rotate, which in turn drives the small gear 9 to rotate at high speed. The rotation of the small gear 9 drives the reciprocating screw 13 to rotate, and during the rotation of the reciprocating screw 13, it drives the rotating body 14 to perform reciprocating linear motion relative to the base 5 in the vertical direction. When the rotating body 14 moves downward, the wedge-shaped stop 16 can move downward smoothly due to the existence of the slope of the wedge-shaped stop 16. When the rotating body 14 moves upward, the wedge-shaped stop 16 is pressed against the inner wall of the borehole, preventing the wedge-shaped stop 16 from moving upward. This causes the entire device to be subjected to a downward force. When encountering a relatively hard obstacle during the drilling process, the downward pressure provided by the inability of the wedge-shaped stop 16 to move upward will cause the cutting head 26 to break the obstacle more quickly, thus accelerating the drilling operation.

[0031] Working principle: During drilling, the electric spindle 11 drives the lower conical spiral blades 25 and the cutting head 26 to rotate, thereby cutting and breaking rocks.

[0032] Water flows through the water supply pipe 3 and the main shaft, and is ejected from the cutting head 26, washing the rock chips and mud into slurry. The slurry is first guided upward by the conical spiral blades 25. The feeding screw 23 rotates at high speed, actively pushing the slurry upward like a pump, which greatly improves the slag discharge efficiency and prevents the rock chips from being repeatedly crushed.

[0033] Multiple anti-rotation fins 7 are installed on the outer wall of the base 5 at the top of the device, which are inserted into the inner wall of the drill hole to keep the base 5 and the electric spindle 11 fixed, ensuring that all the rotational power is used to drive the drilling components below.

[0034] Throughout the operation, the peristaltic structure provides additional downward pressure to the entire device to increase the drilling speed. Its operating steps are as follows: S1: Rotary locking to create an anchor point: The electric spindle 11 drives the spline sleeve 18 to rotate at high speed through the outer spline tube 19. The piston 21 in the blind hole 20 on the outer wall of the spline sleeve 18 moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, causing the pressure in the sealed groove 15 to rise. The high pressure pushes the wedge-shaped stop 16 outward, so that its wedge-shaped surface is tightly stuck into the inner wall of the drill hole. At this time, the rotating body 14 is locked in one direction and can only move downward, not upward.

[0035] S2: Forced downward pressure to provide power: The large gear 10 on the electric spindle 11 drives multiple small gears 9 to rotate at high speed, which in turn drives the reciprocating screw 13 to rotate. Since the rotating body 14 is locked in one direction by the wedge-shaped stop 16 and cannot move freely, the rotating reciprocating screw 13 will drive the rotating body 14 to make a forced downward linear motion relative to the base 5. This downward force is transmitted through the structure and ultimately provides the cutting head 26 with an instantaneous downward pressure much greater than gravity, helping it to break the hard rock layer.

[0036] S2: Reset preparation for sampling: When the cutting head 26 moves to the end of its stroke, the electric spindle 11 stops working. At this time, the piston 21 is no longer subjected to centrifugal force. The piston 21 will retract under the action of the return spring 22, and the pressure in the groove 15 will decrease, so that the wedge block 16 will be retracted into the groove 15, releasing the one-way locking of the wedge block 16, so as to facilitate the overall retraction of the device from the borehole.

[0037] This device is highly adaptable. In soft formations, the wedge-shaped stop 16 may not be able to clamp properly, and the device will mainly rely on gravity for drilling. In hard formations, the clamping effect is enhanced. This device converts part of the rotational power of the electric spindle 11 into periodic axial impact force, and the downward pressure automatically increases to improve drilling efficiency.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geological exploration drill bit, characterized in that, include: The main shaft is an electric spindle (11) with a shaft tube. The electric spindle (11) is set vertically. The top of the electric spindle (11) is fixed through the middle of the base (5). The top of the base (5) is fixed with a thin-walled connector tube (4) to accommodate water flow into the main shaft of the electric spindle (11). Multiple anti-rotation fins (7) are fixed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the base (5) to prevent the base (5) from rotating; And a conical spiral blade (25) with a larger top and a smaller bottom, the top of the conical spiral blade (25) is fixed to the bottom of the main shaft of the electric spindle (11), and a cutting head (26) is fixed to the bottom of the conical spiral blade (25). The conical spiral blade (25) is internally connected to connect the hollow cutting head (26) with the main shaft of the electric spindle (11). A through hole is provided on the cutting head (26) to allow water to flow through.

2. The geological exploration drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, A feeding screw (23) is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the electric spindle (11). The feeding screw (23) is located between the conical spiral blade (25) and the base (5) to drive the water flow in the borehole upward.

3. The geological exploration drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feeding screw (23) has a horn-shaped water distributor (24) fixed at both the upper and lower ends. The water distributor (24) guides the water flow to prevent the water flow from directly impacting the upper component.

4. The geological exploration drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric spindle (11) has a peristaltic structure on its outer wall to provide downward power for the whole device. The peristaltic structure includes a ring-shaped rotating body (14), which is sleeved on the spindle of the electric spindle (11). The rotating body (14) is located between the feeding screw (23) and the base (5). A groove (15) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating body (14), and a wedge-shaped stop (16) that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom is slidably fitted in the groove (15).

5. The geological exploration drill bit according to claim 4, characterized in that, An external spline tube (19) is fixed to the outer wall of the electric spindle (11). The rotating body (14) is sleeved on the external spline tube (19). A spline sleeve (18) is slidably fitted on the external spline tube (19). The spline sleeve (18) is rotatably connected to the inner ring of the rotating body (14). A blind hole (20) is radially opened on the outer wall of the spline sleeve (18). The blind hole (20) communicates with the groove (15). A piston (21) is slidably fitted in the blind hole (20) to adjust the pressure in the groove (15). A return spring (22) is provided on the inner wall of the blind hole (20) to apply a spring force pointing towards the center of the spline sleeve (18) to the piston (21).

6. The geological exploration drill bit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the spline sleeve (18) is less than the length of the outer spline tube (19).

7. The geological exploration drill bit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base (5) has a ring-shaped protective housing (8) fixedly attached to its bottom surface. The inner ring of the protective housing (8) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the main shaft of the electric spindle (11). Multiple reciprocating screws (13) are rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the protective housing (8). Multiple screw holes (17) are opened on the upper surface of the rotating body (14). The bottom thread of the reciprocating screw (13) is engaged in the screw hole (17).

8. The geological exploration drill bit according to claim 7, characterized in that, Multiple small gears (9) are rotatably mounted on the bottom surface inside the protective housing (8). The small gears (9) are fixed to the top of the reciprocating screw (13). A large gear (10) is fixed to the main shaft of the electric spindle (11). The large gear (10) is located inside the protective housing (8) and cooperates with the small gears (9).

9. The geological exploration drill bit according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The reciprocating screw (13) is covered with a corrugated hose (12) to protect the reciprocating screw (13).

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