Two-stage coring hand-held drill suitable for lunar base extreme environment

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of geological exploitation drilling sampling, and provides a two-stage coring handheld drill suitable for lunar base extreme environment, which comprises a driving mechanism, a drill rod and a handheld handle; the driving mechanism is fixedly connected with the handheld handle, and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected with the drill rod; the driving mechanism is used for driving the drill rod to rotate; the drill rod is a two-stage coring structure, which comprises an outer layer drilling pipe and an inner layer coring pipe; the outer layer drilling pipe and the inner layer coring pipe are detachably connected; the outer layer drilling pipe is used for drilling, and the inner layer coring pipe is used for coring. The design of the two-stage coring drilling of the inner layer and the outer layer can obtain complete rock core and completely retain the depth distribution of the rock layer by means of the detachable connection mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geological mining drilling and sampling technology, specifically relating to a two-stage coring handheld drilling rig suitable for extreme lunar environments. Background Technology

[0002] The lunar environment is characterized by high vacuum, low gravity, and abrasive lunar dust. The lunar regolith is highly dense, with many angular particles and a certain proportion of gravel or cement. During drilling, the lack of drilling fluid lubrication and cuttings removal easily leads to problems such as poor cuttings removal and stuck drill bits, thus limiting drilling depth and core recovery rate. Currently, most handheld drilling rigs are designed with a spring-cam structure. A single motor drives the cam to rotate. The cam, through bearings and other transmission components, drives the drill string to rotate and drill, while simultaneously driving rollers to compress the spring and store energy. When the driven component reaches the end of the cam's stroke or the point of impact, the potential energy stored in the spring is released instantaneously, pushing the impact hammer to strike the drill string axially, thus generating an impact force.

[0003] During drilling operations, the existing spring-cam impact structure has a low upper limit on impact frequency, and the rotation speed and impact frequency are difficult to adjust independently. The impact frequency of the spring-cam impact mechanism is limited by the spring reset response and motor speed, making it difficult to achieve high-frequency impacts. In the single-motor drive scheme, the cam speed determines both the impact trigger frequency and the drill string rotation speed, resulting in the rotation speed and impact frequency being coupled and difficult to optimize and adjust separately according to lunar drilling conditions. Furthermore, traditional single-stage drill pipes cannot separate drilling and coring functions, making it difficult to achieve layered and accurate sampling. The fixed length of the integrated drill pipe cannot be flexibly adjusted according to different coring depths, resulting in poor adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a two-stage coring handheld drill suitable for extreme lunar environments, thereby resolving the issues in the prior art. The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A two-stage coring handheld drill suitable for extreme lunar environments includes a drive mechanism, drill rods, and a handheld handle; The drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the hand handle, and the output end of the drive mechanism is connected to the drill rod; the drive mechanism is used to drive the drill rod to rotate. The drill pipe has a two-stage coring structure, which includes an outer drilling pipe and an inner coring pipe; the outer drilling pipe and the inner coring pipe are detachably connected, the outer drilling pipe is used for drilling, and the inner coring pipe is used for coring.

[0005] Furthermore, the drill pipe is a modular assembly structure, comprising several unit sections; the several unit sections are detachably connected end to end; each unit section includes an outer drilling pipe and a corresponding inner core pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, two adjacent unit sections are connected by a connecting ring; both ends of the connecting ring have notches; the opposite ends of two adjacent outer drilling tubes are respectively nested on the notches at both ends of the connecting ring; the inner side of the connecting ring has an annular protrusion; the connecting ring is sleeved on the opposite ends of two adjacent inner core tubes and is connected to the inner core tubes by threads; the opposite ends of two adjacent inner core tubes respectively abut against the annular protrusion; The outer drilling tube is connected to the connecting ring by a countersunk bolt, which passes through the connecting ring and is located in the positioning hole of the inner core tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a housing, a main shaft, a rotary drive motor, a lifting drive motor, and an impact head; The rotary drive motor and the lifting drive motor are fixedly installed inside the housing; the output end of the rotary drive motor is fixedly connected to the top of the spindle, the bottom of the spindle is connected to the impact head, the bottom of the impact head protrudes from the housing, and the bottom of the impact head is connected to the top of the drill rod; the rotary drive motor is used to drive the spindle to rotate, so that the impact head rotates. The lifting drive motor is connected to the impact head and is used to drive the impact head to reciprocate up and down.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive mechanism also includes a driving gear, a driven gear, a hollow rotary seat, a reciprocating push unit, and a lifting push ring; The hollow rotating seat is rotatably disposed inside the outer shell, and the reciprocating push unit is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat; the hollow rotating seat and the reciprocating push unit are provided with a through hollow part, and the main shaft passes through the hollow part; The output end of the lifting drive motor is fixedly connected to the driving gear, the driving gear meshes with the driven gear, and the driven gear is sleeved on the hollow rotating seat; The impact head is provided with an annular groove that is adapted to the lifting push ring, and the lifting push ring is rotatably disposed in the annular groove; The reciprocating push unit is connected to the lifting push ring and is used to convert the rotational motion of the hollow rotating seat into the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the lifting push ring, so as to drive the impact head to reciprocate up and down.

[0009] Furthermore, the impact head includes an impact sleeve, a connector, a spring, and a connecting screw; The top of the impact sleeve is fitted onto the bottom of the main shaft, and the main shaft and the impact sleeve are connected by a spline; the spring is installed inside the impact sleeve, and the top and bottom of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the connector and the connecting screw; the connector is detachably connected to the bottom of the main shaft; the connecting screw is threadedly connected to the bottom of the impact sleeve. The spring is in a stretched state; The bottom of the impact sleeve is connected to the top of the drill pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, a plug-in head is fixedly connected to the top of the drill rod, and the plug-in head is detachably connected to the impact sleeve; a blind hole is provided on the top surface of the plug-in head, and the bottom of the connecting screw is inserted into the blind hole. The connecting screw and the blind hole are splined to adjust the height of the connecting screw by rotating the drill rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the reciprocating push unit is an inclined groove drive structure, including an inclined groove drive block, a limiting block, and a lifting rod; The inclined groove drive block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat. The outer side of the inclined groove drive block is provided with an annular inclined groove, which is an inclined structure. The limiting block is fixedly connected inside the outer shell; the limiting block is located below the hollow rotating seat and above the lifting push ring; the limiting block is rotatably connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat, and the main shaft passes through the inclined groove drive block and the limiting block; a through hole is provided on the side of the limiting block, and the lifting rod passes through the through hole; The top of the lifting rod is rotatably provided with a rolling component, and the bottom of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to the lifting push ring; When the inclined groove drive block rotates, it drives the rolling component and the lifting rod to move up and down through the inclined groove, thereby causing the lifting push ring to reciprocate up and down.

[0012] Furthermore, the reciprocating push unit is a wedge-shaped groove drive structure, including a wedge-shaped drive block, a limiting block, and a vertical rod; The wedge-shaped drive block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat, and the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped drive block is provided with a wedge-shaped opening groove; The limiting block is fixedly connected inside the outer shell; the limiting block is located below the hollow rotating seat and above the lifting push ring; the main shaft passes through the wedge-shaped drive block and the limiting block; a through hole is provided on the side of the limiting block, and the vertical rod passes through the through hole; The top of the vertical rod abuts against the wedge-shaped opening groove, and the bottom of the vertical rod is fixedly connected to the lifting push ring; multiple vertical rods and wedge-shaped opening grooves are provided accordingly; When the wedge-shaped drive block is rotated, it drives the vertical rod to move up and down through the wedge-shaped opening groove, thereby causing the lifting push ring to reciprocate up and down.

[0013] Furthermore, the reciprocating push unit is an adjustable inclined plane structure, including an inclined plane drive block, a limiting block, a lifting rod, an adjustable rolling component, a limiting sleeve, and a horizontal support rod; The inclined surface drive block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat, and the bottom surface of the inclined surface drive block is an inclined surface; The limiting block is fixedly connected inside the outer shell; the limiting block is located below the hollow rotating seat and above the lifting push ring; the main shaft passes through the inclined drive block and the limiting block; a through hole is provided on the side of the limiting block, and the lifting rod passes through the through hole; the bottom of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to the lifting push ring; The top of the lifting rod is threadedly connected to the horizontal support rod. One end of the horizontal support rod is rotatably connected to the adjustable rolling component, and the other end of the horizontal support rod extends through the oblong hole on the outer shell. The adjustable rolling component abuts against the bottom surface of the inclined drive block. The oblong hole is used for the horizontal support rod to move up and down. The limiting sleeve is provided in the oblong hole and is fitted onto the horizontal support rod. When the inclined drive block is rotated, its bottom surface drives the adjustable rolling component and the lifting rod to move up and down, thereby causing the lifting push ring to reciprocate up and down. The horizontal support rod is used to rotate to adjust the position of the adjustable rolling component, so that the adjustable rolling component is in different radial positions of the inclined drive block, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the amplitude.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The inner and outer two-stage coring drilling design of this invention, through the detachable connection method, allows the removal of the inner coring tube to obtain a complete rock core, completely preserving the depth distribution of the rock strata, facilitating the direct removal of the rock core with the tube and secondary sampling, avoiding damage to the rock core structure during the process of removing the rock core with a single coring drill rod, effectively improving the integrity of lunar rock core sampling, and making the sampling operation convenient; driven by a pure mechanical structure, it is suitable for the extreme environment of lunar vacuum and low temperature, and the structure is stable and reliable; (2) The present invention adopts the basic concept of separate control of rotation and impact, separating the rotation component and the impact component, thereby realizing the above two working modes, and can adjust the rotation speed and impact frequency separately to adapt to the needs of different lunar surfaces, saving energy while maximizing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the drive mechanism; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined slot drive structure. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined slot drive structure. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the impact heads; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a wedge-shaped groove drive structure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an adjustable inclined plane structure; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a split-type drill pipe; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the middle unit section of the drill pipe; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom unit section of the drill pipe; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the top unit section of the drill pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The following will be based on embodiments of the present invention. Figures 1-11 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0017] like Figure 1 A two-stage coring handheld drill suitable for lunar-based extreme environments includes a drive mechanism 1, a drill rod 2, and a handheld handle 3; The drive mechanism 1 is fixedly connected to the hand handle 3, and the output end of the drive mechanism 1 is connected to the drill rod 2; the drive mechanism 1 is used to drive the drill rod 2 to rotate. The drill pipe 2 is a two-stage coring structure, which includes an outer drilling pipe 202 and an inner coring pipe 203. The outer drilling pipe 202 and the inner coring pipe 203 are detachably connected. The outer drilling pipe 202 is used for drilling, and the inner coring pipe 203 is used for coring.

[0018] Before the lunar coring operation, the operator holds the drill rig with the handle 3 and aligns the bottom of the drill rod 2 with the target coring position; the drive mechanism 1 is started, driving the drill rod 2 to rotate and feed downwards, and the outer drilling tube 202 and the inner coring tube 203 follow synchronously, completely collecting the columnar rock core that has not been broken in the center in the inner coring tube 203; after reaching the preset drilling depth, drilling is stopped and the drill rig is lifted upwards, and the inner coring tube 203 is taken out with the complete rock core, completing a single coring operation.

[0019] The inner and outer coring drilling design of this invention, through a detachable connection, allows for the removal of the inner coring tube 203 to obtain a complete rock core, fully preserving the depth distribution of the rock strata. This facilitates direct removal of the rock core with the tube attached and subsequent secondary sampling, avoiding damage to the rock core structure during the extraction of the core using a single coring drill rod. This effectively improves the integrity of lunar rock core sampling and makes the sampling operation convenient. The purely mechanical structure is adapted to the extreme environment of lunar vacuum and low temperature, ensuring structural stability and reliability.

[0020] like Figures 8-11 The drill pipe 2 is a split assembly structure, comprising several unit sections; the several unit sections are connected end to end and can be detachably connected; each unit section includes an outer drilling pipe 202 and a corresponding inner core sampling pipe 203.

[0021] Furthermore, two adjacent unit sections are connected by a connecting ring 204; both ends of the connecting ring 204 have notches; the opposite ends of two adjacent outer drilling tubes 202 are respectively nested on the notches at both ends of the connecting ring 204; the inner side of the connecting ring 204 has an annular protrusion; the connecting ring 204 is sleeved on the opposite ends of two adjacent inner core tubes 203 and is connected to the inner core tubes 203 by threads; the opposite ends of two adjacent inner core tubes 203 respectively abut against the annular protrusion; Based on the separation provided by the connecting ring 204, the outer drilling tube 202 and the inner core tube 203 are spaced apart, facilitating the removal of the inner core tube 203 without the influence of friction. The outer surface of the outer drilling tube 202 is provided with a threaded structure to facilitate drilling.

[0022] The outer drilling tube 202 is connected to the connecting ring 204 via countersunk bolts 205. The countersunk bolts 205 pass through the connecting ring 204 and are located within the positioning holes of the inner core tube 203. Multiple positioning holes are located on the outer surface of the inner core tube 203, and multiple countersunk bolts 205 are correspondingly provided around the inner core tube 203. The function of the countersunk bolts 205 is to allow the inner core tube 203 to rotate together when the outer drilling tube 202 rotates, and to provide axial fixation between adjacent unit sections.

[0023] If the core sampled rock and soil are relatively loose, the drill rod 2 can be rotated and reciprocated by the drive mechanism 1 to naturally shake the rock and soil and cause it to fall out of the inner core tube 203. Alternatively, the core sample can be pushed out of the inner core tube 203 by the push rod. If layered sampling is required or the rock and soil are too hard to be easily removed, the drill rod 2 can be removed and split into multiple unit sections to extract and store the rock and soil from different inner core tubes 203 separately.

[0024] like Figure 10 At the bottom of drill pipe 2, the hollow core drill bit 206 is connected to the lowest connecting ring 204 via countersunk bolts 205. (Example:) Figure 11 The top of drill rod 2, the uppermost connecting ring 204 is fixedly connected to the bottom of plug head 201.

[0025] In practical implementation, the corresponding number of unit sections are selected according to the required coring depth. This invention adopts a unit section design, which divides the long drill pipe into multiple standardized short unit sections. Each unit section integrates independent outer drilling and inner coring functions, thereby realizing convenient adjustment of drilling depth.

[0026] Furthermore, the drive mechanism 1 includes a housing 102, a main shaft 101, a rotary drive motor 100, a lifting drive motor 110, and an impact head 109; The rotary drive motor 100 and the lifting drive motor 110 are fixedly installed inside the housing 102; the output end of the rotary drive motor 100 is fixedly connected to the top of the spindle 101, the bottom of the spindle 101 is connected to the impact head 109, the bottom of the impact head 109 protrudes from the housing 102, and the bottom of the impact head 109 is connected to the top of the drill rod 2; the rotary drive motor 100 is used to drive the spindle 101 to rotate, so that the impact head 109 rotates. The lifting drive motor 110 is connected to the impact head 109 and is used to drive the impact head 109 to move up and down reciprocally.

[0027] During core drilling operations, the rotary drive motor 100 is started, which drives the impact head 109 and drill rod 2 to rotate synchronously through the spindle 101, thereby achieving cutting and drilling. When the lifting drive motor 110 is started synchronously, it drives the impact head 109 to drive the drill rod 2 to perform up-and-down reciprocating impact motion, thereby breaking the hard rock through impact.

[0028] This invention includes at least the following two operating modes: 1. Rotary drilling: Rotary drive motor 100 operates, while lifting drive motor 110 stops. At this time, drill rod 2 only rotates to adapt to the loose lunar soil environment and save energy.

[0029] 2. Rotary impact drilling: The rotary drive motor 100 and the lifting drive motor 110 work simultaneously. At this time, the drill rod 2 performs a rotary impact action to adapt to the scenario of harder rock formations.

[0030] This invention adopts the basic concept of separate control of rotation and impact, separating the rotation component and the impact component, thereby enabling the realization of the above two working modes, and allowing for independent adjustment of rotation speed and impact frequency to adapt to the needs of different lunar surfaces, saving energy while maximizing efficiency.

[0031] Furthermore, the drive mechanism 1 also includes a drive gear 112, a driven gear 111, a hollow rotary seat 104, a reciprocating push unit, and a lifting push ring 115; The hollow rotating seat 104 is rotatably disposed inside the outer casing 102, and the reciprocating push unit is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat 104. The hollow rotating seat 104 and the reciprocating push unit are provided with a through hollow portion, through which the main shaft 101 passes. The hollow rotating seat 104, the hollow portion of the reciprocating push unit and the main shaft 101 are spaced apart. The hollow rotating seat 104, the reciprocating push unit and the main shaft 101 are not connected. The hollow rotating seat 104 and the reciprocating push unit rotate together, while the main shaft 101 rotates independently, without affecting each other. The output end of the lifting drive motor 110 is fixedly connected to the driving gear 112, the driving gear 112 meshes with the driven gear 111, and the driven gear 111 is sleeved on the hollow rotating seat 104; The impact head 109 is provided with an annular groove that is adapted to the lifting push ring 115, and the lifting push ring 115 is rotatably disposed in the annular groove. The reciprocating push unit is connected to the lifting push ring 115 and is used to convert the rotational motion of the hollow rotating seat 104 into the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the lifting push ring 115, so as to drive the impact head 109 to move up and down reciprocally.

[0032] When the impact function is activated, the lifting drive motor 110 drives the drive gear 112 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven gear 111 and the hollow rotating seat 104 to rotate synchronously. The hollow rotating seat 104 drives the reciprocating push unit at the bottom to rotate together. The reciprocating push unit converts the rotational motion into the up-and-down reciprocating linear motion of the lifting push ring 115. The lifting push ring 115 drives the impact head 109 and the drill rod 2 to move up and down synchronously through the annular groove of the impact head 109, thus realizing impact drilling. During this process, the spindle 101 rotates independently within the hollow part of the hollow rotating seat 104 and the reciprocating push unit, without interfering with the impact motion.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 The impact head 109 includes an impact sleeve 1090, a connector 1091, a spring 1092, and a connecting screw 1093; The top of the impact sleeve 1090 is fitted onto the bottom of the main shaft 101, and the main shaft 101 and the impact sleeve 1090 are connected by a spline. This ensures that the main shaft 101 can rotate the impact sleeve 1090 circumferentially while the impact sleeve 1090 can move up and down. The spring 1092 is installed inside the impact sleeve 1090, and the top and bottom of the spring 1092 are respectively fixedly connected to the connector 1091 and the connecting screw 1093. The connector 1091 is detachably connected to the bottom of the main shaft 101. The connecting screw 1093 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the impact sleeve 1090. The tension of the spring 1092 can be adjusted by rotating the connecting screw 1093 to adjust its height.

[0034] The spring 1092 is in a stretched state, which functions to pull the impact sleeve 1090 upwards for the purpose of resetting the impact sleeve 1090.

[0035] The bottom of the impact sleeve 1090 is connected to the top of the drill rod 2.

[0036] During impact, the lifting push ring 115 drives the impact sleeve 1090 downward, and the impact sleeve 1090 slides downward along the spline of the main shaft 101, simultaneously stretching the spring 1092. When the lifting push ring 115 moves upward, the elastic tension of the spring 1092 drives the impact sleeve 1090 to return to its original position, completing one cycle. When the rebound force needs to be adjusted, the connecting screw 1093 is rotated to change its depth in the impact sleeve 1090, thereby adjusting the length of the spring 1092 and adjusting the rebound force. The purpose of adjusting the rebound force is to ensure that the impact head 109 is in a taut state, avoiding shaking or loosening during the impact process and ensuring stable impact force. The spline connection achieves reliable torque transmission and free axial movement, ensuring that the main shaft 101 can drive the impact sleeve 1090 to rotate synchronously, while the impact sleeve 1090 can slide freely along the axial direction to achieve the impact motion.

[0037] Furthermore, a plug-in head 201 is fixedly connected to the top of the drill rod 2, and the plug-in head 201 is detachably connected to the impact sleeve 1090; a blind hole is provided on the top surface of the plug-in head 201, and the bottom of the connecting screw 1093 is inserted into the blind hole. The connecting screw 1093 and the blind hole are splined to adjust the height of the connecting screw 1093 by rotating the drill rod 2.

[0038] The impact sleeve 1090 and the insertion head 201 can be connected by bolts, so that the impact sleeve 1090 can drive the insertion head 201 and the drill rod 2 to rotate and impact up and down; the spline between the connecting screw 1093 and the blind hole is only used to adjust the height of the connecting screw 1093 and does not participate in power transmission.

[0039] When adjusting spring 1092, loosen the connecting bolt, rotate drill rod 2, and drive connecting screw 1093 to rotate through the spline in the blind hole of plug head 201. The rebound force can be adjusted. After adjustment, tighten the connecting bolt again. No special tools are required, making it suitable for tool-free operation scenarios.

[0040] The reciprocating drive unit of the present invention includes at least the following three embodiments: 1. For example Figure 3 , Figure 4 The reciprocating push unit is a sloping groove drive structure, including a sloping groove drive block 105, a limiting block 106, and a lifting rod 107. The inclined groove drive block 105 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat 104. The outer side of the inclined groove drive block 105 is provided with an annular inclined groove 1050, which is an inclined structure. The limiting block 106 is fixedly connected inside the outer shell 102; the limiting block 106 is located below the hollow rotating seat 104 and above the lifting push ring 115; the bottom of the hollow rotating seat 104 is rotatably connected to the limiting block 106, and the main shaft 101 passes through the inclined groove drive block 105 and the limiting block 106; the limiting block 106 has a through hole on its side, and the lifting rod 107 passes through the through hole; The top of the lifting rod 107 is rotatably provided with a rolling component 113, and the bottom of the lifting rod 107 is fixedly connected to the lifting push ring 115; When the inclined groove drive block 105 is rotated, it drives the rolling component 113 and the lifting rod 107 to move up and down through the inclined groove 1050, thereby causing the lifting push ring 115 to move up and down reciprocally.

[0041] When the hollow rotating seat 104 drives the inclined groove drive block 105 to rotate, the inclined surface of the annular inclined groove 1050 contacts the rolling component 113. As the inclined groove drive block 105 rotates, the change in the height of the inclined surface drives the rolling component 113 to drive the lifting rod 107 to move up and down along the through hole of the limiting block 106. The lifting rod 107 drives the lifting push ring 115 at the bottom to move up and down synchronously, thereby driving the impact head 109 to achieve impact drilling. The rotary drive motor 100 can rotate forward or reverse, and can drive the inclined groove drive structure to work normally.

[0042] The advantages of the inclined groove drive structure are its simple structure, ease of assembly and debugging, and the ability of the rotary drive motor 100 to rotate forward or backward. However, its disadvantage is that the lifting rod 107 is eccentrically positioned relative to the lifting push ring 115, resulting in poor motion stability. The inclined groove drive structure is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] 2. For example Figure 6 The reciprocating push unit is a wedge-shaped groove drive structure, including a wedge-shaped drive block 116, a limiting block 106 and a vertical rod 117; The wedge-shaped drive block 116 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat 104, and the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped drive block 116 is provided with a wedge-shaped opening groove 1160. The limiting block 106 is fixedly connected inside the outer shell 102; the limiting block 106 is located below the hollow rotating seat 104 and above the lifting push ring 115; the main shaft 101 passes through the wedge-shaped drive block 116 and the limiting block 106; the limiting block 106 has a through hole on its side, and the vertical rod 117 passes through the through hole; The top of the vertical rod 117 abuts against the wedge-shaped opening groove 1160, and the bottom of the vertical rod 117 is fixedly connected to the lifting push ring 115; multiple vertical rods 117 and wedge-shaped opening grooves 1160 are provided correspondingly. When the wedge-shaped drive block 116 is rotated, it drives the vertical rod 117 to move up and down through the wedge-shaped opening groove 1160, thereby causing the lifting push ring 115 to reciprocate up and down.

[0044] Multiple vertical rods 117 and wedge-shaped opening slots 1160 are evenly distributed around the main shaft 101. When the hollow rotating seat 104 drives the wedge-shaped drive block 116 to rotate synchronously, the multiple wedge-shaped opening slots 1160 evenly distributed on the bottom surface contact the top of the corresponding vertical rod 117. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped opening slot 1160 pushes the vertical rod 117 downward along the through hole of the limiting block 106, driving the lifting push ring 115 to impact downward. When the vertical rod 117 moves to the lowest point of the wedge-shaped opening slot 1160, it enters the plane section between two adjacent wedge-shaped opening slots 1160, and the vertical rod 117 remains stationary, forming a brief impact pause. Then the next wedge-shaped opening slot 1160 contacts the vertical rod 117, repeating the above process to achieve continuous impact motion. During this process, the spring 1092 realizes the upward reset and tension of the impact head 109.

[0045] The advantage of the wedge-shaped groove drive structure is that the reciprocating motion driving force is coaxial with the main shaft 101, which can uniformly transmit the thrust of the wedge-shaped opening groove 1160; making the reciprocating motion of the impact head 109 smoother and reducing swaying. However, the disadvantage is that the impact motion has a stagnation phenomenon, that is, when the vertical rod 117 moves to the part between two adjacent wedge-shaped opening grooves 1160, it cannot generate effective pushing, and the wedge-shaped drive block 116 can only rotate in a fixed direction to avoid the wedge-shaped opening groove 1160 and the vertical rod 117 getting stuck. Therefore, the rotary drive motor 100 can only rotate in a fixed direction, so that the wedge-shaped opening groove 1160 continuously pushes the vertical rod 117 to move.

[0046] 3. For example Figure 7The reciprocating push unit is an adjustable inclined plane structure, including an inclined plane drive block 118, a limiting block 106, a lifting rod 107, an adjustable rolling component 119, a limiting sleeve 120, and a horizontal support rod 121. The inclined surface drive block 118 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat 104, and the bottom surface of the inclined surface drive block 118 is an inclined surface; The limiting block 106 is fixedly connected inside the outer shell 102; the limiting block 106 is located below the hollow rotating seat 104 and above the lifting push ring 115; the main shaft 101 passes through the inclined drive block 118 and the limiting block 106; a through hole is provided on the side of the limiting block 106, and the lifting rod 107 passes through the through hole; the bottom of the lifting rod 107 is fixedly connected to the lifting push ring 115; The top of the lifting rod 107 is threadedly connected to the horizontal support rod 121. One end of the horizontal support rod 121 is rotatably connected to the adjustable rolling component 119, and the other end of the horizontal support rod 121 extends through the oblong hole on the outer casing 102. The adjustable rolling component 119 abuts against the bottom surface of the inclined drive block 118. The oblong hole is used for the horizontal support rod 121 to move up and down. The limiting sleeve 120 is provided in the oblong hole and is fitted onto the horizontal support rod 121. When the inclined drive block 118 is rotated, it drives the adjustable rolling component 119 and the lifting rod 107 to move up and down through its bottom surface, thereby causing the lifting push ring 115 to reciprocate up and down. The horizontal support rod 121 is used to rotate to adjust the position of the adjustable rolling component 119, so that the adjustable rolling component 119 is in different radial positions of the inclined drive block 118, so as to realize the function of adjusting the amplitude.

[0047] This invention utilizes the lift difference at different radial positions on the bottom surface of the inclined drive block 118 to achieve amplitude adjustment. When the adjustable rolling component 119 is located in the inner ring of the inclined drive block 118, the height difference of the inclined surface is small, and the amplitude is small; when it is located in the outer ring, the height difference of the inclined surface is large, and the amplitude is large. This achieves stepless adjustment of the impact amplitude, and it can be completed without disassembly.

[0048] The adjustable inclined plane structure is an improvement on the inclined plane groove drive structure. Its advantage is that the axial position of the horizontal support rod 121 can be adjusted from the outside, thereby adjusting the different radial positions of the adjustable rolling component 119 on the bottom surface of the inclined plane drive block 118, and finally realizing amplitude adjustment.

[0049] To stabilize the radial position of the horizontal support rod 121, the limiting sleeve 120 and the horizontal support rod 121 can be engaged with a pin to constrain the rotation of the horizontal support rod 121. The limiting sleeve 120 is I-shaped and can move up and down but cannot rotate when engaged in the oblong hole. Therefore, by having the pin pass through the limiting sleeve 120 and the horizontal support rod 121, the function of preventing the horizontal support rod 121 from rotating can be achieved, preventing the adjustable rolling component 119 from driving the horizontal support rod 121 to rotate. A second oblong hole adapted to the pin can be provided on the horizontal support rod 121. When fixing the horizontal support rod 121, the pin passes through the limiting sleeve 120 and is inserted into the second oblong hole. At this time, the horizontal support rod 121 cannot move axially due to its threaded engagement with the lifting rod 107. The engagement of the pin and the second oblong hole constrains the rotation of the horizontal support rod 121. When the horizontal support rod 121 needs to be adjusted, the pin can be removed from the outside, and the horizontal support rod 121 can be rotated from the outside to place the adjustable rolling component 119 in the appropriate position. Corresponding scale lines can be set on the horizontal support rod 121 to indicate the position and increment of the adjustable rolling component 119.

[0050] In addition, the bottom of the limiting block 106 described in this invention is fixedly connected to the support plate 114, and the support plate 114 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 102. The hollow rotating seat 104 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer shell 102 via bearings, and the hollow rotating seat 104 is fixed vertically and cannot move. The top of the hollow rotating seat 104 is rotatably connected to the support block 103, and the support block 103 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell 102. The main shaft 101 passes through the support block 103. The function of the support block 103 is to improve structural stability and ensure that the main shaft 101 is aligned with the axis of the hollow rotating seat 104. A dust cover 108 is installed in the bottom opening of the outer shell 102. The dust cover 108 is fitted onto the impact tube sleeve 1090 of the impact head 109. There is a gap between the inner ring of the dust cover 108 and the outer side of the impact tube sleeve 1090. Lubricating grease can be placed in this gap to reduce the friction of the impact head 109 while providing a sealing and dustproof function.

[0051] Compared to existing technologies, this invention eliminates hydraulic and pneumatic components, relying solely on a mechanical drive structure. It is adaptable to the extreme environment of lunar vacuum and low temperatures, exhibiting stable and reliable structure. Powered only by electricity, it is environmentally friendly and suitable for lunar sampling operations. It can be used as an energy-efficient mining machinery, shale gas extraction equipment, and geological exploration equipment for lunar applications, featuring a simple structure and convenient maintenance.

[0052] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, alterations, substitutions, or variations made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-stage coring handheld drill suitable for lunar-based extreme environments, characterized in that, It includes a drive mechanism (1), a drill rod (2), and a hand handle (3); The drive mechanism (1) is fixedly connected to the hand handle (3), and the output end of the drive mechanism (1) is connected to the drill rod (2); the drive mechanism (1) is used to drive the drill rod (2) to rotate; The drill pipe (2) is a two-stage coring structure, which includes an outer drilling pipe (202) and an inner coring pipe (203); the outer drilling pipe (202) and the inner coring pipe (203) are detachably connected, the outer drilling pipe (202) is used for drilling, and the inner coring pipe (203) is used for coring; The drill pipe (2) is a split assembly structure, including several unit sections; the several unit sections are connected end to end and can be detachably connected; each unit section includes an outer drilling pipe (202) and a corresponding inner core tube (203). Two adjacent unit sections are connected by a connecting ring (204); the outer surfaces of both ends of the connecting ring (204) are provided with notches; the opposite ends of two adjacent outer drilling tubes (202) are respectively nested on the notches at both ends of the connecting ring (204); the inner surface of the connecting ring (204) is provided with an annular protrusion; the connecting ring (204) is sleeved on the opposite ends of two adjacent inner core tubes (203) and connected to the inner core tubes (203) by threads; the opposite ends of two adjacent inner core tubes (203) respectively abut against the annular protrusion; The outer drilling tube (202) is connected to the connecting ring (204) by a countersunk bolt (205). The countersunk bolt (205) passes through the connecting ring (204) and is located in the positioning hole of the inner core tube (203). The drive mechanism (1) includes a housing (102), a main shaft (101), a rotary drive motor (100), a lifting drive motor (110), and an impact head (109). The rotary drive motor (100) and the lifting drive motor (110) are fixedly installed inside the housing (102); the output end of the rotary drive motor (100) is fixedly connected to the top of the spindle (101), the bottom of the spindle (101) is connected to the impact head (109), the bottom of the impact head (109) protrudes from the housing (102), and the bottom of the impact head (109) is connected to the top of the drill rod (2); the rotary drive motor (100) is used to drive the spindle (101) to rotate, so that the impact head (109) rotates; The lifting drive motor (110) is connected to the impact head (109) and is used to drive the impact head (109) to move up and down reciprocally; The drive mechanism (1) also includes a drive gear (112), a driven gear (111), a hollow rotary seat (104), a reciprocating push unit, and a lifting push ring (115). The hollow rotating seat (104) is rotatably disposed inside the outer shell (102), and the reciprocating push unit is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat (104); the hollow rotating seat (104) and the reciprocating push unit are provided with a through hollow part, and the main shaft (101) passes through the hollow part; The output end of the lifting drive motor (110) is fixedly connected to the driving gear (112), the driving gear (112) meshes with the driven gear (111), and the driven gear (111) is sleeved on the hollow rotating seat (104); The impact head (109) is provided with an annular groove that is adapted to the lifting push ring (115), and the lifting push ring (115) is rotatably disposed in the annular groove; The reciprocating push unit is connected to the lifting push ring (115) and is used to convert the rotational motion of the hollow rotating seat (104) into the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the lifting push ring (115) to drive the impact head (109) to move up and down reciprocatingly. The impact head (109) includes an impact sleeve (1090), a connector (1091), a spring (1092), and a connecting screw (1093). The top of the impact sleeve (1090) is fitted onto the bottom of the main shaft (101), and the main shaft (101) and the impact sleeve (1090) are connected by a spline; the spring (1092) is provided inside the impact sleeve (1090), and the top and bottom of the spring (1092) are respectively fixedly connected to the connector (1091) and the connecting screw (1093); the connector (1091) is detachably connected to the bottom of the main shaft (101); the connecting screw (1093) is threadedly connected to the bottom of the impact sleeve (1090); The spring (1092) is in a stretched state; The bottom of the impact sleeve (1090) is connected to the top of the drill rod (2).

2. The two-stage coring handheld drill rig suitable for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the drill rod (2) is fixedly connected to the plug head (201), and the plug head (201) is detachably connected to the impact sleeve (1090). The top surface of the plug head (201) is provided with a blind hole, and the bottom of the connecting screw (1093) is inserted into the blind hole. The connecting screw (1093) and the blind hole are connected by a spline to adjust the height of the connecting screw (1093) by rotating the drill rod (2).

3. A two-stage coring handheld drill rig suitable for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reciprocating push unit is a sloped groove drive structure, including a sloped groove drive block (105), a limit block (106), and a lifting rod (107). The inclined groove drive block (105) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat (104). The outer side of the inclined groove drive block (105) is provided with an annular inclined groove (1050), and the inclined groove (1050) is an inclined structure. The limiting block (106) is fixedly connected inside the outer shell (102); the limiting block (106) is located below the hollow rotating seat (104) and above the lifting push ring (115); the bottom of the hollow rotating seat (104) is rotatably connected to the limiting block (106), and the main shaft (101) passes through the inclined groove drive block (105) and the limiting block (106); the limiting block (106) has a through hole on its side, and the lifting rod (107) passes through the through hole; The top of the lifting rod (107) is rotatably provided with a rolling component (113), and the bottom of the lifting rod (107) is fixedly connected to the lifting push ring (115). When the inclined groove drive block (105) is rotated, it drives the rolling component (113) and the lifting rod (107) to move up and down through the inclined groove (1050), thereby causing the lifting push ring (115) to move up and down reciprocally.

4. A two-stage coring handheld drill rig suitable for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reciprocating push unit is a wedge-shaped groove drive structure, including a wedge-shaped drive block (116), a limiting block (106), and a vertical rod (117). The wedge-shaped drive block (116) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat (104), and the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped drive block (116) is provided with a wedge-shaped opening groove (1160). The limiting block (106) is fixedly connected inside the outer shell (102); the limiting block (106) is located below the hollow rotating seat (104) and above the lifting push ring (115); the main shaft (101) passes through the wedge-shaped drive block (116) and the limiting block (106); the limiting block (106) has a through hole on its side, and the vertical rod (117) passes through the through hole; The top of the vertical rod (117) abuts against the wedge-shaped opening groove (1160), and the bottom of the vertical rod (117) is fixedly connected to the lifting push ring (115); multiple vertical rods (117) and wedge-shaped opening grooves (1160) are provided accordingly; When the wedge-shaped drive block (116) is rotated, it drives the vertical rod (117) to move up and down through the wedge-shaped opening groove (1160), thereby causing the lifting push ring (115) to move up and down reciprocally.

5. A two-stage coring handheld drill rig suitable for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reciprocating push unit is an adjustable inclined plane structure, including an inclined plane drive block (118), a limit block (106), a lifting rod (107), an adjustable rolling component (119), a limit sleeve (120), and a horizontal support rod (121). The inclined driving block (118) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating seat (104), and the bottom surface of the inclined driving block (118) is an inclined surface; The limiting block (106) is fixedly connected inside the outer shell (102); the limiting block (106) is located below the hollow rotating seat (104) and above the lifting push ring (115); the main shaft (101) passes through the inclined drive block (118) and the limiting block (106); a through hole is provided on the side of the limiting block (106), and the lifting rod (107) passes through the through hole; the bottom of the lifting rod (107) is fixedly connected to the lifting push ring (115). The top of the lifting rod (107) is threadedly connected to the horizontal support rod (121). One end of the horizontal support rod (121) is rotatably connected to the adjustable rolling component (119), and the other end of the horizontal support rod (121) passes through the waist-shaped hole on the outer shell (102). The adjustable rolling component (119) abuts against the bottom surface of the inclined drive block (118). The waist-shaped hole is used for the horizontal support rod (121) to move up and down. The limiting sleeve (120) is provided in the waist-shaped hole, and the limiting sleeve (120) is sleeved on the horizontal support rod (121). When the inclined drive block (118) is rotated, it drives the adjustable rolling component (119) and the lifting rod (107) to move up and down through its bottom surface, thereby causing the lifting push ring (115) to move up and down reciprocally. The horizontal support rod (121) is used to rotate to adjust the position of the adjustable rolling component (119) so that the adjustable rolling component (119) is in different radial positions of the inclined drive block (118) to achieve the function of adjusting the amplitude.

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