A deformation control support system for hard surrounding rock tunnel and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel, disclose a kind of deformation control support system for hard surrounding rock tunnel and its construction method, the support system includes: tracked vehicle, tracked vehicle top is fixedly connected with control receiver and transverse unit, transverse unit is located at the left side of control receiver, cavity is opened in the inside of transverse unit, the second hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with the inner bottom surface of transverse unit, the second hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with assembly unit at the end away from transverse unit, assembly unit is slidably connected with deformation unit at the side away from transverse unit, and deformation unit includes steel arch that is connected to the side of assembly unit away from transverse unit.The support system of the present application shows the rapidity of mechanical structure cooperation through the mutual cooperation between structures, makes up the defect that artificial assembly is time-consuming and labor-saving, to improve the efficiency of assembly deformation unit structure, and the disturbance time of surrounding rock is reduced by mechanized quick installation, and the collapse treatment cost caused by not timely support is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel technology, and in particular to a deformation control support system and its construction method for tunnels in hard surrounding rock. Background Technology

[0002] Before tunnel excavation, the surrounding rock is in a state of initial stress equilibrium under triaxial compression. After excavation, the radial constraints on the tunnel profile are suddenly released, and the stress state of the surrounding rock changes from triaxial compression to biaxial compression. The stress in the normal direction of the excavation face drops sharply to zero, while the tangential stress increases accordingly. The surrounding rock immediately begins to undergo radial displacement into the tunnel. Therefore, it is necessary to establish effective support constraints in the excavated tunnel in a timely manner to prevent the continuous expansion of the loosened zone of the surrounding rock. In the deformation control support system of hard surrounding rock tunnels, steel arches mainly play the core role of rigid support. Steel arches usually form a combined support system together with anchor bolts, shotcrete, and steel mesh. The steel frame segments are connected by connecting lugs and bolts. The bolt holes on the connecting lugs are fixed round holes with very small tolerances. Due to the elastic rebound error during the bending process of the steel frame segments, the curvature of each segment deviates from the design value, and the errors of multiple segments accumulate step by step. This makes it difficult for the bolt holes of the connecting lugs at the ends of adjacent segments to align naturally during actual installation. Due to limited manpower, workers cannot apply a sufficiently large tightening force to force the steel arch frame to fit against the rock surface during the lifting process. The steel arch frame segments stop moving upward the moment they contact the rock surface, leaving residual gaps. Even if the gaps behind the steel arch frame are filled with shotcrete, the concrete will shrink in volume during the hydration and hardening process, resulting in slight separation between the filler and the steel frame or rock surface.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One objective of this invention is to provide a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock. This invention addresses the problems that workers cannot simultaneously apply a sufficiently large clamping force to force the steel arch frame to adhere to the rock surface during the lifting process, and that the steel arch frame segments stop moving upwards the instant they contact the rock surface, leaving residual gaps.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a deformation control support system for a tunnel in hard surrounding rock includes: a tracked vehicle, a control receiver and a lateral movement unit fixedly connected to the top of the tracked vehicle, the lateral movement unit being located to the left of the control receiver, a cavity being formed inside the lateral movement unit, a second hydraulic rod being fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lateral movement unit, an assembly unit being fixedly connected to the end of the second hydraulic rod away from the lateral movement unit, a deformation unit being slidably connected to the side of the assembly unit away from the lateral movement unit, the deformation unit including a steel arch frame connected to the side of the assembly unit away from the lateral movement unit, and a base being connected to the bottom surface of the deformation unit.

[0006] The assembly unit includes a bracket fixedly connected to the end of the second hydraulic rod away from the transverse movement unit. A third clamping plate is slidably connected to the side of the bracket, and the two third clamping plates are symmetrically arranged. The third clamping plates are slidably connected to the deformation unit. A double threaded rod is connected between the inner walls of the two third clamping plates. A first rotating plate is rotatably connected to the bracket. A rocker arm is fixedly connected to the end of the double threaded rod near the control receiver. The first rotating plate is rotatably connected to both sides of the bracket via a shaft. A second rotating plate is rotatably connected to the side of the first rotating plate away from the bracket via a shaft. A top plate is rotatably connected to the end of the second rotating plate away from the first rotating plate via a shaft. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the end of the top plate near the transverse movement unit, and the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the transverse movement unit. A fine-tuning unit is connected to the side of the top plate away from the transverse movement unit. An elastic membrane is fixedly connected to the side of the transverse movement unit near the second rotating plate.

[0007] The deformation unit includes a fixed frame that is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the base. A pressure plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame. A butterfly spring is connected between the bottom surface of the pressure plate and the base. A plug rod is slidably connected to the side of the fixed frame near the transverse unit. The plug rod passes through the fixed frame and connects to the inner side of the pressure plate. Four balance plates are fixedly connected to the corner of the bottom surface of the pressure plate. The balance plates are slidably connected to the fixed frame.

[0008] The lateral movement unit includes a control disc slidably connected to the top of the tracked vehicle. A movable frame is fixedly connected to the top surface of the control disc. Two sliding rods are slidably connected to the inner wall of the control disc, and both ends of the sliding rods are fixedly connected to the tracked vehicle. One end of a first hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the side of the control disc, and the other end of the first hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the tracked vehicle. The first hydraulic rod is located between the two sliding rods. Rollers are rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the control disc via a shaft.

[0009] A fine-tuning unit is connected to the side of the top plate away from the telescopic rod. The fine-tuning unit includes a chassis fixedly connected to the side of the top plate away from the lateral movement unit. A fine-tuning component is connected to the side of the chassis away from the lateral movement unit. A clamping component is connected to the side of the fine-tuning component away from the chassis. An adjustment groove matching the fine-tuning component is opened on the side of the chassis away from the top plate. An angle adjustment component is connected to the side of the fine-tuning component near the control receiver.

[0010] The fine-tuning component includes a fixed box connected to the side of the chassis away from the lateral movement unit. An electric push rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed box near the lateral movement unit. A ball screw is fixedly connected to the end of the electric push rod away from the chassis. A slider is slidably connected to the outer wall of the ball screw, and the slider is fixedly connected to the fixed box.

[0011] The clamping assembly includes a positioning plate fixedly connected to the end of the ball screw away from the chassis. Fixed curved plates are symmetrically connected to both sides of the positioning plate. A cylinder is fixedly connected to one side between the two fixed curved plates, and the fixed curved plates are slidably connected to the positioning plate through the cylinder. A second clamping plate is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed curved plate. Two rubber plates are fixedly connected to one side between the two second clamping plates, and the two rubber plates are symmetrically arranged. A fixed rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed curved plate. A second spring is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod, and the second spring is located on the side of the fixed curved plate away from the chassis.

[0012] A pressure plate is slidably connected to one side between the two second clamping plates. A third spring is fixedly connected between the pressure plate and the positioning plate. Two sliding plates are fixedly connected to the side of the pressure plate near the chassis. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the positioning plate. A second gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod, and the second gear is located between the two sliding plates. One sliding plate has a tooth groove that matches the second gear. Two rings are slidably connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod. The second clamping plates are fixedly connected to the fixed curved plate through a telescopic shaft.

[0013] The angle adjustment assembly includes a rotating shaft fixedly connected to both sides of the fixed box, and the fixed box is rotatably connected to the chassis via the rotating shaft. A fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the side of the rotating shaft near the control receiver. A first gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed shaft and the rotating shaft respectively. Two first clamping plates are slidably connected to the outer wall of the first gear. The two first clamping plates are rotatably connected via a shaft. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed box near the control receiver, and the fixed shaft is located between the two first clamping plates. A first spring is fixedly connected between the two first clamping plates, and the first spring is slidably connected to the fixed plate.

[0014] A construction method for a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation. Manually control the tracked vehicle to move as a whole. When the tracked vehicle moves to the position where the steel arch frame needs to be installed, manually place the steel arch frame to be installed on the top surface of the support. Adjust the rocker arm to fix and clamp the steel arch frame. Adjust the first hydraulic rod to drive the control disc to slide on the outer wall of the slide bar. Adjust the moving frame to drive the support to move. Move the support to move the steel arch frame so that the steel arch frame is in the middle of the tunnel. Step Two: Assembly Process. The second hydraulic rod extends manually. During extension, it moves the top plate via the first and second rotating plates. The top plate, in conjunction with the telescopic rod, extends the telescopic rod, and the second hydraulic rod structure drives the assembly unit to push the steel arch frame to the appropriate position. Simultaneously, the electric push rod structure in the one-sided fine-tuning unit extends, pushing one side of the steel arch frame through the ball screw and clamping assembly structure. This lifts one side of the steel arch frame and inserts it into the corresponding fixed frame. The other side operates synchronously, inserting the other side of the steel arch frame into the corresponding fixed frame. After retracting the electric push rod, the nut is placed inside the clamping assembly. The electric push rod then extends, causing the clamping assembly to rotate and drive the nut into the pre-embedded anchor rod, fixing the steel arch frame. When the angle of the clamping assembly differs from that of the anchor rod, the sliding rod structure is manually adjusted to adjust the angle of the clamping assembly, completing the assembly task. Step 3: Deformation process. The insert rod is pulled out from inside the pressure plate. The disc spring applies elastic force to the pressure plate. The elastic force on both sides pushes the steel arch frame to move upward and fit against the top of the tunnel. The pulled-out insert rod is inserted into the fixed frame after it has risen and fixed inside the insert rod to complete the deformation process. The control receiver structure is then controlled to retract the second hydraulic rod to complete the reset process.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention demonstrates the speed of mechanical structure cooperation through the mutual cooperation between structures, reducing the time-consuming and labor-intensive defects of manual assembly, thereby improving the efficiency of assembling deformable unit structures. Mechanized rapid installation reduces the disturbance time to the surrounding rock and lowers the cost of handling collapses caused by untimely support. The telescopic rods on both sides support the structure of the bracket through the first and second rotating plates, thereby ensuring that the individual second hydraulic rod remains stable during the movement of the assembly unit and the steel arch frame structure.

[0016] This invention ensures rapid connection between the steel arch frame and the base structure through the setting of a fixed frame structure, ensures that the top of the steel arch frame fits snugly against the tunnel top after the connection with the base structure through the setting of a butterfly spring and a pressure plate structure, and ensures that the top of the steel arch frame will not vibrate due to external objects after it fits snugly against the tunnel top through the setting of a plug structure, thus preventing the steel arch frame structure from shifting during vibration, thereby ensuring the stability of the structure after use.

[0017] This invention achieves rapid positioning and locking of the steel arch frame by finely adjusting the tacit cooperation between the component structures, significantly reducing the connection time of a single node and improving the efficiency of each assembly stage.

[0018] This invention embodies excellent mechanical avoidance logic through the sliding fit design between the second clamping plate and the fixed curved plate. In the initial stage of nut tightening, the second clamping plate provides reliable limiting and transmission; in the later stage, it can slide smoothly. This dynamic fit ensures the stability of the nut during transmission and eliminates mechanical interference in subsequent tightening strokes, ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the entire connection process. The structural fit achieves a relatively fixed state between the second clamping plate and the nut, allowing the second clamping plate to smoothly pass through the nut to fix the steel arch frame and the embedded components. This mechanism cleverly transforms the axial resistance during nut tightening into radial force that enhances clamping. As the nut tightening resistance increases, the device automatically increases the clamping force on the nut.

[0019] This invention combines the advantages of automatic mechanical positioning and manual intervention. When faced with angular deviations, operators do not need to rely on complex electronic control programs. They can complete the angle calibration in a very short time by simply pressing and rotating the device, which greatly shortens the preparation and debugging cycle before assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a right-side cross-sectional view of a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a front cross-sectional view of a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fine-tuning unit structure of a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly unit and fine-tuning component structure of a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the fixed component structure of a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment component structure of a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping assembly structure of a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure Descriptions: 1. Tracked vehicle; 2. Control receiver; 3. Lateral movement unit; 31. Moving frame; 32. Control disc; 33. Slide rod; 34. First hydraulic rod; 35. Roller; 4. Second hydraulic rod; 5. Fine-tuning unit; 51. Chassis; 52. Fine-tuning assembly; 521. Fixing box; 522. Electric push rod; 523. Ball screw; 524. Slider; 53. Angle adjustment assembly; 531. Rotating shaft; 532. Fixed shaft; 533. First gear; 534. First clamping plate; 535. Fixing plate; 536. First spring; 54. Adjustment groove; 55. Clamping assembly; 551. Second clamping plate; 552. 553. Rubber plate; 554. Fixed curved plate; 555. Second spring; 556. Fixed rod; 557. Pressure plate; 558. Slide plate; 559. Rotating rod; 550. Second gear; 5510. Ring; 5511. Third spring; 5512. Positioning plate; 6. Assembly unit; 61. Bracket; 62. Third clamping plate; 63. Rocker arm; 64. First rotating plate; 65. Second rotating plate; 66. Telescopic rod; 67. Elastic membrane; 68. Top plate; 69. Double threaded rod; 7. Deformation unit; 71. Steel arch frame; 72. Pressure plate; 73. Insert rod; 74. Butterfly spring; 75. Balance plate; 76. Fixed frame; 8. Base. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 As shown, a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock includes: a tracked vehicle 1, a control receiver 2 and a lateral movement unit 3 fixedly connected to the top of the tracked vehicle 1, the lateral movement unit 3 being located to the left of the control receiver 2, a cavity being opened inside the lateral movement unit 3, a second hydraulic rod 4 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lateral movement unit 3, an assembly unit 6 fixedly connected to the end of the second hydraulic rod 4 away from the lateral movement unit 3, a deformation unit 7 being slidably connected to the side of the assembly unit 6 away from the lateral movement unit 3, the deformation unit 7 including a steel arch frame 71 connected to the side of the assembly unit 6 away from the lateral movement unit 3, and a base 8 connected to the bottom surface of the deformation unit 7; It should be noted that when assembling the deformable unit 7 using this device, the steel arch frame 71 needs to be manually lifted and placed on the top surface of the assembly unit 6. Then, the tracked vehicle 1 is controlled to move, so that the tracked vehicle 1 moves the steel arch frame 71 to the required installation position through the assembly unit 6. Next, the lateral movement unit 3 is activated to move the steel arch frame 71 relative to the tunnel wall, so that the steel arch frame 71 is in the middle of the tunnel. Then, the second hydraulic rod 4 is controlled to extend, and the second hydraulic rod 4 moves the steel arch frame 71 upward through the assembly unit 6, so that the steel arch frame 71 is close to the top of the tunnel. Then, the deformable unit 7 is connected and fixed to the base 8, thus completing the assembly of the deformable unit 7 and the base 8. The mutual cooperation between the structures demonstrates the speed of mechanical structure cooperation, reducing the time-consuming and labor-intensive defects of manual assembly, thereby improving the efficiency of assembling the deformable unit 7. Mechanized rapid installation reduces the disturbance time to the surrounding rock and reduces the cost of handling collapses caused by untimely support.

[0033] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the assembly unit 6 includes a bracket 61 fixedly connected to the end of the second hydraulic rod 4 away from the transverse unit 3. A third clamping plate 62 is slidably connected to the side of the bracket 61, and the two third clamping plates 62 are symmetrically arranged. The third clamping plates 62 are slidably connected to the deformation unit 7. A double threaded rod 69 is connected between the inner walls of the two third clamping plates 62. A first rotating plate 64 is rotatably connected to the bracket 61. A rocker arm 63 is fixedly connected to the end of the double threaded rod 69 near the control receiver 2. The first rotating plate 64 is rotatably connected to both sides of the bracket 61 via a shaft. A second rotating plate 65 is rotatably connected to the side of the first rotating plate 64 away from the bracket 61 via a shaft. A top plate 68 is rotatably connected to the end of the second rotating plate 65 away from the first rotating plate 64 via a shaft. A telescopic rod 66 is fixedly connected to the end of the top plate 68 near the transverse unit 3, and the telescopic rod 66 is fixedly connected to the transverse unit 3. A fine-tuning unit 5 is connected to the side of the top plate 68 away from the transverse unit 3. An elastic membrane 67 is fixedly connected to the side of the transverse unit 3 near the second rotating plate 65. It should be noted that when the steel arch frame 71 is manually placed on the top surface of the support 61, the double threaded rod 69 can be rotated by manually turning the rocker arm 63. The threads on the surface of the double threaded rod 69 in different directions drive the third clamping plate 62 to move towards the steel arch frame 71, so that the third clamping plate 62 squeezes the steel arch frame 71, thereby limiting the deformation unit 7 and preventing the second hydraulic rod 4 from slipping during the process of the steel arch frame 71 being lifted by the support 61, which would cause the steel arch frame 71 to shift to one side. By setting the first rotating plate 64 and the second rotating plate 65 to rotate, the support 61 drives the telescopic rod 66 connected to the top plate 68 to extend through the first rotating plate 64 and the second rotating plate 65. After extension, the assembly unit 6 has a right-angle structure because the contact surface between the first rotating plate 64 and the second rotating plate 65 is not rounded, thus restricting the first rotating plate 64 and the second rotating plate 65 from continuing to rotate. This allows the assembly unit 6 to move the first rotating plate 64 and the second rotating plate 65 and the top plate 68. After reaching its apex, assembly unit 6 is fixed in a contacting state with top plate 68 via first rotating plate 64, second rotating plate 65, and top plate 68. Second hydraulic rod 4 cannot extend further. In conjunction with the structure of telescopic rod 66, the telescopic rods 66 on both sides support the structure of bracket 61 through first rotating plate 64 and second rotating plate 65, thereby ensuring that a single second hydraulic rod 4 remains stable during the movement of assembly unit 6 and steel arch frame 71. Through the structure of elastic membrane 67, the first rotating plate 64 and second rotating plate 65 are retracted into the interior of transverse unit 3 during the retraction of second hydraulic rod 4. When second hydraulic rod 4 extends, the structure of elastic membrane 67 provides thrust to first rotating plate 64 and second rotating plate 65, preventing jamming due to structural fit during movement, thus ensuring smooth operation of the structure. The elastic membrane 67 also serves a secondary function of dust prevention.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the deformation unit 7 includes a fixed frame 76 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the base 8. A pressure plate 72 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame 76. A butterfly spring 74 is connected between the bottom surface of the pressure plate 72 and the base 8. A plug rod 73 is slidably connected to the side of the fixed frame 76 near the transverse unit 3. The plug rod 73 passes through the fixed frame 76 and connects to the inner side of the pressure plate 72. Four balance plates 75 are fixedly connected to the corner of the bottom surface of the pressure plate 72. The balance plates 75 are slidably connected to the fixed frame 76. It should be noted that when the second hydraulic rod 4 moves the steel arch frame 71 upward to fit against the tunnel top via the bracket 61, the fine-tuning unit 5 pushes one side of the steel arch frame 71, causing it to shift and facilitate insertion into the fixed frame 76. The funnel-shaped structure of the fixed frame 76 facilitates the insertion of the steel arch frame 71. Then, the structure of the fine-tuning unit 5 on one side retracts while the structure of the fine-tuning unit 5 on the other side extends, causing the steel arch frame 71 on the other side to tilt and insert into the fixed frame 76. After the bottom of both sides of the steel arch frame 71 is inserted into the fixed frame 76, the insertion rod 73 is pulled to separate it from the pressure plate 72, causing the pressure plate 72 to lose its limiting structure. The structure of the butterfly spring 74 pushes the pressure plate 72 and the steel arch frame together through its own elasticity. 71 moves upward, so that the top of the steel arch 71 fits against the tunnel ceiling. The structure with the balance plate 75 ensures that the pressure plate 72 moves smoothly during the process, preventing uneven force from causing one side to shift and resulting in jamming. This ensures smooth structural movement. The fixed frame 76 ensures quick connection between the steel arch 71 and the base 8. The structure with the butterfly spring 74 and the pressure plate 72 ensures that the top of the steel arch 71 fits against the tunnel ceiling after it is connected to the base 8. The structure with the insert rod 73 ensures that the top of the steel arch 71 will not vibrate due to external objects after it fits against the tunnel ceiling, preventing the steel arch 71 from shifting during vibration. This ensures the stability of the structure after use.

[0035] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the lateral movement unit 3 includes a control disk 32 slidably connected to the top of the tracked vehicle 1. A movable frame 31 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the control disk 32. Two sliding rods 33 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the control disk 32, and both ends of the sliding rods 33 are fixedly connected to the tracked vehicle 1. One end of a first hydraulic rod 34 is fixedly connected to the side of the control disk 32, and the other end of the first hydraulic rod 34 is fixedly connected to the tracked vehicle 1. The first hydraulic rod 34 is located between the two sliding rods 33. A roller 35 is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the control disk 32 via a shaft. It should be noted that after the steel arch frame 71 is manually placed on the top surface of the support 61, if the distance between the steel arch frame 71 and the inner wall of the tunnel is different, the position of the tracked vehicle 1 is relatively complicated. The first hydraulic rod 34 structure can be activated. The thrust of the first hydraulic rod 34 drives the control disc 32 to slide on the outer wall of the slide bar 33. The two slide bars 33 ensure the track for the movement of the control disc 32. The two rollers 35 ensure the smooth movement of the control disc 32. The top of the tracked vehicle 1 has a groove that matches the rollers 35. The cooperation between the groove and the rollers 35 enhances the effect of the slide bar 33 and ensures the stability of the control disc 32 during movement. This ensures the smooth movement of the control disc 32 driven by the moving frame 31 to the second hydraulic rod 4 structure.

[0036] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, a fine-tuning unit 5 is connected to the side of the top plate 68 away from the telescopic rod 66. The fine-tuning unit 5 includes a chassis 51 fixedly connected to the side of the top plate 68 away from the transverse moving unit 3. A fine-tuning component 52 is connected to the side of the chassis 51 away from the transverse moving unit 3. A clamping component 55 is connected to the side of the fine-tuning component 52 away from the chassis 51. An adjustment groove 54 matching the fine-tuning component 52 is opened on the side of the chassis 51 away from the top plate 68. An angle adjustment component 53 is connected to the side of the fine-tuning component 52 near the control receiver 2. It should be noted that when the second hydraulic rod 4 moves the steel arch frame 71 structure to the top of the tunnel via the bracket 61, and it is necessary to connect the steel arch frame 71 to the fixed frame 76, the fine-tuning component 52 on one side drives the clamping component 55 structure to push the steel arch frame 71, causing some of the steel arch frame 71 to tilt up to facilitate insertion into the fixed frame 76. Then, the fine-tuning component 52 on the other side drives the clamping component 55 to push the steel arch frame 71, causing the other side of the steel arch frame 71 to be inserted into the fixed frame 76. Then, when it is necessary to fix the steel arch frame 71 to the preset hollow anchor rod through the nut structure, one end of the nut is placed inside the clamping component 55. The fine-tuning component 52 drives the clamping component 55 to rotate and screw the nut into the hollow anchor rod. When the clamping component 55 is not aligned with the angle of the hollow anchor rod, the angle adjustment component 53 is manually adjusted to drive the fine-tuning component 52 to rotate, so that the nut inside the clamping component 55 is aligned with the hollow anchor rod opening, thereby achieving automatic fixation of the steel arch frame 71 structure.

[0037] refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the fine-tuning component 52 includes a fixed box 521 connected to the side of the chassis 51 away from the transverse unit 3. An electric push rod 522 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed box 521 near the transverse unit 3. A ball screw 523 is fixedly connected to the end of the electric push rod 522 away from the chassis 51. A slider 524 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the ball screw 523, and the slider 524 is fixedly connected to the fixed box 521. It should be noted that when the second hydraulic rod 4 moves the steel arch frame 71 upward through the bracket 61, and it is necessary to connect the steel arch frame 71 to the fixed frame 76, the electric push rod 522 drives the ball screw 523 to move, pushing one side of the steel arch frame 71, causing one side of the steel arch frame 71 to tilt up. This, combined with the trumpet-shaped structure of the fixed frame 76, facilitates the insertion of the steel arch frame 71. Through the mutual cooperation between the structures, the connection between the steel arch frame 71 and the fixed frame 76 can be quickly achieved, thereby accelerating the assembly speed of the deformation unit 7 and the base 8. The tacit cooperation between the structures of the fine-tuning component 52 enables the rapid positioning and locking of the steel arch frame 71, significantly reducing the connection time of a single node. With the improvement of the efficiency of each assembly link, the continuous operation capability of the entire system is enhanced, effectively promoting the overall progress of tunnel support construction.

[0038] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the clamping assembly 55 includes a positioning plate 5512 fixedly connected to the end of the ball screw 523 away from the chassis 51. Fixed curved plates 553 are symmetrically connected to both sides of the positioning plate 5512. A cylinder is fixedly connected to one side between the two fixed curved plates 553, and the fixed curved plates 553 are slidably connected to the positioning plate 5512 through the cylinder. A second clamping plate 551 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed curved plate 553. Two rubber plates 552 are fixedly connected to one side between the two second clamping plates 551, and the two rubber plates 552 are symmetrically arranged. A fixed rod 555 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed curved plate 553. A second spring 554 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod 555, and the second spring 554 is located on the side of the fixed curved plate 553 away from the chassis 51. It should be noted that after the steel arch frame 71 and the fixed frame 76 are installed, the steel arch frame 71 needs to be connected to the pre-embedded hollow anchor rods using nuts. The nuts need to be placed inside the positioning plate 5512, limited by the second clamping plates 551 on both sides, and the nuts are compressed by the tension of the rubber plates 552 on both sides, keeping them in the center of the positioning plate 5512. Then, as the electric push rod 522 moves the ball screw 523, the ball screw 523 rotates under the action of the electric push rod 522 and the ball screw 523. The ball screw 523 is fixedly connected to the fixed box 521 through the slider 524, causing the ball screw 523 to rotate during the push of the electric push rod 522. The ball screw 523 structure drives the nut to rotate through the positioning plate 5512, thereby fixing the nut to the pre-embedded structure and securing the steel arch frame. With the structure fixed at 71, as the nut is continuously tightened, the second clamping plate 551 slides against the outer wall of the fixed curved plate 553 under the action of the second spring 554, causing the second clamping plate 551 to gradually separate from the nut. The structure of sliding connection between the second clamping plate 551 and the fixed curved plate 553 does not hinder the specification connection between the nut and the embedded component, and ensures the stability during the connection process between the nut and the embedded component, as well as the smoothness of the structural connection process. The sliding fit design between the second clamping plate 551 and the fixed curved plate 553 reflects good mechanical avoidance logic. In the initial stage of nut tightening, the second clamping plate 551 provides reliable limiting and transmission. In the later stage of tightening, the second clamping plate 551 can slide smoothly. This dynamic fit not only ensures the stability of the nut during transmission, but also eliminates mechanical interference in the subsequent tightening stroke, ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the entire connection process.

[0039] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, a pressure plate 556 is slidably connected between the two second clamping plates 551 on one side. A third spring 5511 is fixedly connected between the pressure plate 556 and the positioning plate 5512. Two sliding plates 557 are fixedly connected to the side of the pressure plate 556 near the chassis 51. A rotating rod 558 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the positioning plate 5512. A second gear 559 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod 558, and the second gear 559 is located between the two sliding plates 557. One sliding plate 557 has a tooth groove that matches the second gear 559. Two rings 5510 are slidably connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod 558. The second clamping plate 551 and the fixed curved plate 553 are fixedly connected by a telescopic shaft. Specifically, by setting the structure of the pressure plate 556, when the ball screw 523 tightens against the nut and gradually connects with the embedded component, more pressure needs to be applied to prevent the nut from sliding between the nut and the second clamping plate 551. This prevents the ball screw 523 from driving the nut to rotate and insert into the embedded component during rotation via the second clamping plate 551. The nut presses against the pressure plate 556, causing the black pressure plate 556 to move the sliding plate 557. Through the tooth groove on the outer side of the sliding plate 557 that meshes with the second gear 559, the pressure plate 556 drives the second gear 559 to rotate via the sliding plate 557. The structure of the second gear 559 drives the rotating rod 558 to rotate. The rotating rod 558, through the opposite thread combination on the surface, drives the ring 551. Under the action of the telescopic shaft, the rod moves towards the fixed curved plate 553, so that the ring 5510 applies pressure to the second clamping plate 551 through the fixed curved plate 553, thereby fixing the nut through the second clamping plate 551. This prevents the nut and the embedded part from stopping in the state of gradual fixation when the ball screw 523 drives the nut to rotate. Through the cooperation of the structure, the second clamping plate 551 achieves a relatively fixed state on the nut, so that the second clamping plate 551 can smoothly complete the fixation between the steel arch frame 71 and the embedded part through the nut. This mechanism cleverly transforms the axial resistance when the nut is tightened into the radial force that enhances the clamping. As the nut tightening resistance increases, the device will automatically increase the clamping force on the nut.

[0040] refer to Figure 6 , Figure 9 As shown, the angle adjustment component 53 includes a rotating shaft 531 fixedly connected to both sides of the fixed box 521, and the fixed box 521 is rotatably connected to the chassis 51 through the rotating shaft 531. A fixed shaft 532 is rotatably connected to the side of the rotating shaft 531 near the control receiver 2. A first gear 533 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed shaft 532 and the rotating shaft 531 respectively. Two first clamping plates 534 are slidably connected to the outer wall of the first gear 533. The two first clamping plates 534 are rotatably connected through a shaft. A fixed plate 535 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed box 521 near the control receiver 2, and the fixed shaft 532 is located between the two first clamping plates 534. A first spring 536 is fixedly connected between the two first clamping plates 534, and the first spring 536 is slidably connected to the fixed plate 535. Specifically, when the nut needs to be installed, the placement angle of the second clamping plate 551 is different from the angle of the embedded component, making it impossible for the nut to be aligned with the embedded component. It is necessary to manually press the first clamping plates 534 on both sides to compress the first spring 536. Under the restriction of the fixing plate 535, the structure of the first clamping plate 534 separates from the first gear 533. Then, the fixing plate 535 is manually rotated to drive the rotating shaft 531 to rotate, which in turn drives the fixing box 521 to rotate, thereby completing the adjustment of the angle of the fixing box 521. The manual fine-tuning greatly improves the adjustment speed. At the same time, the relatively fine and fast manual adjustment improves the speed of assembling the deformation unit 7. This design combines the advantages of automatic mechanical positioning and manual intervention. When facing angle deviation, the operator does not need to rely on complex electronic control programs. They only need to use simple manual pressing and rotating actions to complete the angle calibration in a very short time, which greatly shortens the preparation and debugging cycle before assembly.

[0041] A construction method for a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation. Manually control the tracked vehicle 1 to move as a whole. When the tracked vehicle 1 moves to the position where the steel arch frame 71 needs to be installed, manually place the steel arch frame 71 to be installed on the top surface of the support 61. Adjust the rocker arm 63 to fix and clamp the steel arch frame 71. Adjust the first hydraulic rod 34 to drive the control disc 32 to slide on the outer wall of the slide rod 33. Adjust the moving frame 31 to drive the support 61 to move. Move the support 61 to move the steel arch frame 71 so that the steel arch frame 71 is in the middle of the tunnel. Step Two: During assembly, the second hydraulic rod 4 is manually extended. As it extends, the second hydraulic rod 4 moves the top plate 68 via the first rotating plate 64 and the second rotating plate 65. With the cooperation of the top plate 68 and the telescopic rod 66, the telescopic rod 66 extends. The structure of the second hydraulic rod 4 drives the assembly unit 6 to push the steel arch frame 71 to the appropriate position. Meanwhile, the electric push rod 522 in the one-sided control fine-tuning unit 5 extends and pushes one side of the steel arch frame 71 via the ball screw 523 and the clamping assembly 55, tilting one side of the steel arch frame 71 upwards. Then insert it into the corresponding fixed frame 76. Simultaneously operate on the other side, insert the other side steel arch frame 71 into the corresponding fixed frame 76. After retracting the electric push rod 522, put the nut into the clamping assembly 55. Control the electric push rod 522 to extend. The electric push rod 522 drives the clamping assembly 55 to rotate during movement, driving the nut into the pre-embedded anchor rod to fix the steel arch frame 71. When the angle of the clamping assembly 55 is different from that of the anchor rod, manually adjust the slide rod 33 structure to drive the clamping assembly 55 to adjust the angle, and complete the assembly task. Step 3: Deformation process. The insert rod 73 is pulled out from inside the pressure plate 72. The disc spring 74 applies elastic force to the pressure plate 72. The elastic force on both sides pushes the steel arch frame 71 to move upward and fit against the top of the tunnel. The pulled-out insert rod 73 is inserted into the raised fixed frame 76 and fixed inside the insert rod 73 to complete the deformation work. The control receiver 2 structure is controlled to retract the second hydraulic rod 4 to complete the reset work.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock, characterized in that, include: Tracked vehicle (1), the tracked vehicle (1) is fixedly connected to a control receiver (2) and a traverse unit (3) on the top, the traverse unit (3) is located to the left of the control receiver (2), the traverse unit (3) has a cavity inside, the bottom surface of the traverse unit (3) is fixedly connected to a second hydraulic rod (4), the end of the second hydraulic rod (4) away from the traverse unit (3) is fixedly connected to an assembly unit (6), the assembly unit (6) is slidably connected to a deformation unit (7) on the side away from the traverse unit (3), the deformation unit (7) includes a steel arch frame (71) connected to the side of the assembly unit (6) away from the traverse unit (3), the bottom surface of the deformation unit (7) is connected to a base (8); The assembly unit (6) includes a bracket (61) fixedly connected to the end of the second hydraulic rod (4) away from the transverse unit (3). The two sides of the bracket (61) are rotatably connected to a first rotating plate (64) via a shaft. The side of the first rotating plate (64) away from the bracket (61) is rotatably connected to a second rotating plate (65) via a shaft. The end of the second rotating plate (65) away from the first rotating plate (64) is rotatably connected to a top plate (68) via a shaft. The end of the top plate (68) near the transverse unit (3) is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod (66), and the telescopic rod (66) is fixedly connected to the transverse unit (3). The side of the top plate (68) away from the transverse unit (3) is connected to a fine-tuning unit (5). A fine-tuning unit (5) is connected to the side of the top plate (68) away from the telescopic rod (66). The fine-tuning unit (5) includes a chassis (51) fixedly connected to the side of the top plate (68) away from the transverse moving unit (3). A fine-tuning component (52) is connected to the side of the chassis (51) away from the transverse moving unit (3). A clamping component (55) is connected to the side of the fine-tuning component (52) away from the chassis (51). An adjustment groove (54) matching the fine-tuning component (52) is opened on the side of the chassis (51) away from the top plate (68). An angle adjustment component (53) is connected to the side of the fine-tuning component (52) near the control receiver (2). The fine-tuning component (52) includes a fixed box (521) connected to the side of the chassis (51) away from the transverse unit (3). An electric push rod (522) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed box (521) near the transverse unit (3). A ball screw (523) is fixedly connected to the end of the electric push rod (522) away from the chassis (51). A slider (524) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the ball screw (523), and the slider (524) is fixedly connected to the fixed box (521).

2. The deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (61) is slidably connected to a third clamping plate (62) on its side, and the two third clamping plates (62) are symmetrically arranged. The third clamping plate (62) is slidably connected to the deformation unit (7). A double threaded rod (69) is connected between the inner walls of the two third clamping plates (62). The first rotating plate (64) is rotatably connected to the bracket (61). A rocker arm (63) is fixedly connected to one end of the double threaded rod (69) near the control receiver (2). An elastic membrane (67) is fixedly connected to one side of the transverse unit (3) near the second rotating plate (65).

3. A deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deformation unit (7) includes a fixed frame (76) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the base (8). A pressure plate (72) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame (76). A butterfly spring (74) is connected between the bottom surface of the pressure plate (72) and the base (8). A plug rod (73) is slidably connected to the side of the fixed frame (76) near the transverse unit (3). The plug rod (73) passes through the fixed frame (76) and connects to the inner side of the pressure plate (72). Four balance plates (75) are fixedly connected at the corner of the bottom surface of the pressure plate (72). The balance plates (75) are slidably connected to the fixed frame (76).

4. The deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral movement unit (3) includes a control disk (32) slidably connected to the top of the tracked vehicle (1). A movable frame (31) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the control disk (32). Two sliding rods (33) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the control disk (32), and both ends of the sliding rods (33) are fixedly connected to the tracked vehicle (1). One end of a first hydraulic rod (34) is fixedly connected to the side of the control disk (32), and the other end of the first hydraulic rod (34) is fixedly connected to the tracked vehicle (1). The first hydraulic rod (34) is located between the two sliding rods (33). A roller (35) is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the control disk (32) via a shaft.

5. A deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (55) includes a positioning plate (5512) fixedly connected to the end of the ball screw (523) away from the chassis (51). Fixed curved plates (553) are symmetrically connected to both sides of the positioning plate (5512). A cylinder is fixedly connected to one side between the two fixed curved plates (553), and the fixed curved plates (553) are slidably connected to the positioning plate (5512) through the cylinder. A second clamping plate (551) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed curved plate (553). Two rubber plates (552) are fixedly connected to one side between the two second clamping plates (551), and the two rubber plates (552) are symmetrically arranged. A fixed rod (555) is symmetrically arranged slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed curved plate (553). A second spring (554) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod (555), and the second spring (554) is located on the side of the fixed curved plate (553) away from the chassis (51).

6. A deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pressure plate (556) is slidably connected between the two second clamping plates (551) on one side. A third spring (5511) is fixedly connected between the pressure plate (556) and the positioning plate (5512). Two sliding plates (557) are fixedly connected to the side of the pressure plate (556) near the chassis (51). A rotating rod (558) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the positioning plate (5512). A second gear (559) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod (558), and the second gear (559) is located between the two sliding plates (557). One side of the sliding plate (557) has a tooth groove that matches the second gear (559). Two rings (5510) are slidably connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod (558). The second clamping plate (551) and the fixed curved plate (553) are fixedly connected by a telescopic shaft.

7. A deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment assembly (53) includes a rotating shaft (531) fixedly connected to both sides of the fixed box (521), and the fixed box (521) is rotatably connected to the chassis (51) through the rotating shaft (531). The rotating shaft (531) is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft (532) on the side near the control receiver (2). The fixed shaft (532) and the outer wall of the rotating shaft (531) are respectively fixedly connected to a first gear (533). The outer wall of the first gear (533) is slidably connected to two first clamping plates (534). The two first clamping plates (534) are rotatably connected through a shaft. The fixed box (521) is fixedly connected to a fixed plate (535) on the side near the control receiver (2), and the fixed shaft (532) is located between the two first clamping plates (534). A first spring (536) is fixedly connected between the two first clamping plates (534), and the first spring (536) is slidably connected to the fixed plate (535).

8. A construction method for a deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock, employing the deformation control support system for tunnels in hard surrounding rock as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation. Manually control the tracked vehicle (1) to move as a whole. When the tracked vehicle (1) moves to the position where the steel arch frame (71) needs to be installed, manually place the steel arch frame (71) to be installed on the top surface of the support (61). Adjust the rocker arm (63) to fix and clamp the steel arch frame (71). Adjust the first hydraulic rod (34) to drive the control disc (32) to slide on the outer wall of the slide bar (33). Adjust the moving frame (31) to drive the support (61) to move. Move the support (61) to move the steel arch frame (71) so that the steel arch frame (71) is in the middle of the tunnel. Step 2: During the assembly process, the second hydraulic rod (4) is manually extended. During extension, the second hydraulic rod (4) moves the top plate (68) via the first rotating plate (64) and the second rotating plate (65). With the top plate (68) cooperating with the telescopic rod (66), the telescopic rod (66) extends. The structure of the second hydraulic rod (4) drives the assembly unit (6) to push the steel arch frame (71) to a suitable position. The electric push rod (522) in the one-sided fine-tuning unit (5) extends and pushes the steel arch frame (71) to one side via the ball screw (523) and the clamping assembly (55), thus moving the steel arch frame (71) to one side. After tilting up one side, insert it into the corresponding fixed frame (76). Simultaneously operate on the other side, insert the steel arch frame (71) on the other side into the corresponding fixed frame (76). After retracting the electric push rod (522), put the nut into the clamping assembly (55). Control the electric push rod (522) to extend. The electric push rod (522) drives the clamping assembly (55) to rotate during movement, driving the nut into the pre-embedded anchor rod to fix the steel arch frame (71). When the angle of the clamping assembly (55) is different from that of the anchor rod, manually adjust the angle adjustment assembly (53) structure to drive the clamping assembly (55) to adjust the angle and complete the assembly task. Step 3: Deformation process. The insert rod (73) is pulled out from inside the pressure plate (72). The butterfly spring (74) applies elastic force to the pressure plate (72). The elastic force on both sides pushes the steel arch frame (71) to move up and fit against the top of the tunnel. The pulled-out insert rod (73) is inserted into the fixed frame (76) after it has risen and fixed inside the insert rod (73) to complete the deformation work. The control receiver (2) structure is controlled to make the second hydraulic rod (4) retract to complete the reset work.

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