An electromagnetic locking device for a servo motor transmission mechanism and its usage method

Abstract

This invention introduces an electromagnetic locking device for a servo motor transmission mechanism and its usage method, relating to the field of servo motor transmission control technology. The device includes an electromagnetic drive mechanism and a mechanical self-locking mechanism. The electromagnetic drive mechanism includes a housing, a coil, a rotor housing, a magnet, and a piston rod; the mechanical self-locking mechanism includes a retainer and a locking wheel. This invention achieves instantaneous locking, rapid unlocking, and power-off self-locking through the combination of electromagnetic drive and mechanical self-locking. Pulse power supply reduces energy consumption, and gapless latching improves locking accuracy. It features a compact structure, strong versatility, and is suitable for high-precision servo motor transmission systems in aviation, shipbuilding, and robotics, solving the problems of high energy consumption, low accuracy, and poor safety in traditional transmission locking mechanisms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of servo drive control technology, and in particular to an electromagnetic locking device for a servo drive mechanism and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Servo motors, as high-precision position servo drive devices, are widely used in various equipment requiring angle control. Their transmission mechanism essentially uses a transmission device (reduction gear set) meshing with gears on the motor's output shaft to convert the motor's high-speed, low-torque output into a low-speed, high-torque power output that can precisely control the angle, enabling it to drive heavy loads. The positioning accuracy and reliability of the transmission mechanism directly determine the overall operational stability of the machine. Existing servo motor transmission mechanism locking methods have the following main drawbacks: 1. Traditional mechanical locking mechanisms mostly use spring pins, friction plates, and other structures, relying on mechanical contact to achieve locking. This results in problems such as rapid wear, low locking accuracy, and slow response speed. After long-term use, positioning deviation is prone to occur, which cannot meet the requirements of high-precision working conditions.

[0003] 2. Conventional electromagnetic locking devices require continuous power to maintain the locked state, resulting in high energy consumption, easy overheating and aging of the coils, and immediate loss of locking effect after power failure. In the event of a sudden power failure, the servo drive mechanism may deflect due to external forces, leading to equipment failure or even safety issues.

[0004] 3. Some composite locking mechanisms have complex structures, are difficult to assemble, take up too much space, cannot be used with miniaturized and integrated servo motor structures, and have high maintenance costs and poor versatility.

[0005] 4. The existing locking mechanism and servo drive mechanism have poor linkage, which makes it impossible to achieve synchronous and precise control of locking, unlocking and servo drive. This can easily lead to problems such as action lag and double lag, affecting overall work efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, developing an electromagnetic locking mechanism that is compact, responds quickly to power failure and self-locks, is precise in positioning, and can be efficiently linked with the servo drive mechanism has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an electromagnetic locking device for a servo drive mechanism and its usage method, solving the technical problems of low accuracy, high energy consumption, poor reliability, and complex structure of traditional locking mechanisms.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: An electromagnetic locking device for a servo motor transmission mechanism includes an electromagnetic drive mechanism and a mechanical self-locking mechanism; The electromagnetic drive mechanism includes a housing, coils, a rotor housing, magnets, and a piston rod. The housing has an oblong structure and includes a bottom shell, a frame, and a top cover, with the frame positioned between the bottom shell and the top cover. Four coils are respectively positioned at the four corners of the frame, with two coils at opposite corners forming a group, namely the unlocking coil and the locking coil. Four magnets are positioned in pairs at the middle of both sides of the frame in the width direction, with two magnets at opposite corners forming a group, namely the unlocking magnet and the locking magnet. The rotor housing has a bow-shaped structure, with its center rotatably positioned inside the housing via a pivot. The piston rod is vertically positioned at the front end of the rotor housing, with both ends of the piston rod passing through arc-shaped grooves on the bottom shell and the top cover, respectively. The mechanical self-locking mechanism includes a retainer and a locking wheel; one end of the retainer is mounted on the speed reduction transmission device of the servo motor via a rotating shaft, and the upper part of the other end of the retainer is provided with a limiting groove that matches the piston rod, and the lower part is provided with a limiting protrusion; the locking wheel is mounted on the motor output shaft of the servo motor, and the outer edge is provided with a locking port that cooperates with the limiting protrusion.

[0009] Specifically, the upper cover is provided with wiring terminals, which are respectively connected to two sets of coils and the grounding terminal.

[0010] Specifically, the frame has a connecting lug in the middle, and the bottom shell and the top cover have corresponding connecting holes. Screws pass through the connecting holes and the connecting lug to connect the shells.

[0011] Specifically, the end faces of the four magnets are all inclined, and the end faces of the unlocking group magnets and the locking group magnets are respectively attached to the two sides of the rotor package.

[0012] A method for using an electromagnetic locking device for a servo motor transmission mechanism specifically includes: Servo unlocked state: At this time, neither set of coils is energized, and the rotor is attracted to the unlocking magnet; the piston rod is located at the unlocking end of the arc groove on the housing, and the lower end of the piston rod pushes the retainer around the shaft to a position away from the locking wheel; the gear on the motor output shaft meshes normally with the reduction gear. Servo locked state: When the locking coil is energized, the coil becomes an electromagnet at the instant of energization. The magnetic force is greater than the magnetic field force of the magnet, causing the rotor to rotate in the magnetic field. This drives the piston rod to rotate towards the locking end of the arc groove. During the movement of the piston rod, it drives the retainer to rotate downward around the axis. When the limiting protrusion at the lower end of the retainer falls into the locking hole of the locking wheel, the motor and the reduction transmission device are locked. After the power is cut off, the rotor is attracted to the magnet of the locking group, and the servo is in the locked state.

[0013] Due to the adoption of the technical solution described above, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention combines electromagnetic drive with mechanical self-locking to achieve instantaneous locking, rapid unlocking, and power-off self-locking. Pulse power supply reduces energy consumption, and gapless latching improves locking accuracy. It has a compact structure and strong versatility, and is suitable for high-precision servo drive transmission systems in aviation, ships, robots, etc. It solves the problems of high energy consumption, low accuracy, and poor safety of transmission locking mechanisms. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the locked state of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unlocked state of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the electromagnetic drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the electromagnetic drive mechanism of the present invention from another direction.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a comparative schematic diagram of the rotor pack and magnet adsorption positions in the locked and unlocked states of the present invention. a is the unlocked state and b is the locked state.

[0020] In the diagram: 1-bottom shell, 2-frame, 3-top cover, 4-coil, 5-magnet, 6-rotor housing, 7-piston rod, 8-connecting ear, 9-fixer, 10-locking wheel, 11-terminal, 12-motor, 13-reduction gearbox. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further explained and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.

[0022] Combined with appendix Figure 1-6 The electromagnetic locking device for a servo drive mechanism shown includes an electromagnetic drive mechanism and a mechanical self-locking mechanism.

[0023] The electromagnetic drive mechanism includes a housing, coils 4, a rotor housing 6, magnets 5, and a piston rod 7. The housing has an oblong structure and includes a bottom shell 1, a frame 2, and a top cover 3. The frame 2 is located between the bottom shell 1 and the top cover 3. Four coils 4 are respectively located at the four corners of the frame 2. Two coils 4 at opposite corners are connected to form a group, namely the unlocking coil and the locking coil. Four magnets 5 are arranged in pairs at the middle of both sides of the frame 2 in the width direction. Two magnets 5 at opposite corners form a group, namely the unlocking magnet and the locking magnet. The rotor housing 6 has a bow-shaped structure. The middle of the rotor housing 6 is set inside the frame 2 through a pivot. The end faces of the unlocking magnet and the locking magnet are respectively attached to the corresponding two sides of the rotor housing 6. The piston rod 7 is vertically set on the front end of the rotor housing 6. The two ends of the piston rod 7 pass through the arc-shaped grooves on the bottom shell 1 and the top cover 3, respectively.

[0024] The mechanical self-locking mechanism includes a retainer 9 and a locking wheel 10. One end of the retainer 9 is mounted on the speed reduction transmission device 13 of the servo motor via a rotating shaft. The upper part of the other end of the retainer 9 is provided with a limiting groove that matches the piston rod 7, and the lower part is provided with a limiting protrusion. The locking wheel 10 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor 12 of the servo motor, and the outer edge is provided with a locking port that cooperates with the limiting protrusion.

[0025] Preferably, the upper cover 3 is provided with a wiring terminal 11, which is connected to two sets of coils 4 and a grounding terminal respectively.

[0026] Preferably, the frame 2 is provided with a connecting ear 8 in the middle, and the bottom shell 1 and the top cover 3 are provided with corresponding connecting holes, and screws pass through the connecting holes and the connecting ear 8 to fix the shell.

[0027] A method for using an electromagnetic locking device for a servo motor transmission mechanism specifically includes: Normal operating state of the servo motor: At this time, neither of the two sets of coils 4 is energized, the rotor 6 is attracted to the unlocking magnet 5; the piston rod 7 is located at the unlocking end of the arc groove on the housing, and the piston rod 7 pushes the retainer 9 around the shaft to a position away from the locking wheel; the gear on the output shaft of the motor 12 meshes normally with the reduction transmission device 13.

[0028] Servo locked state: When the locking coil 4 is energized, the coil 4 becomes an electromagnet at the moment of energization. The magnetic force is greater than the magnetic field force of the magnet 5, causing the rotor 6 to rotate in the magnetic field. This drives the piston rod 7 to move towards the locking end of the arc groove. During the movement of the piston rod 7, it drives the retainer 9 to rotate downward around the axis. When the limiting protrusion at the lower end of the retainer 9 falls into the locking hole of the locking wheel 10, the motor 12 and the reduction transmission device 13 are locked. After the power is cut off, the rotor 6 is attracted to the magnet of the locking group, and the servo is in the normally locked state.

[0029] When unlocking is required, the unlocking coil is energized, the rotor 6 rotates and is attracted to the unlocking magnet, and the servo is in the unlocked state.

[0030] The parts of this invention not described in detail are prior art.

[0031] The embodiments selected herein for the purpose of disclosing the inventive objectives are currently considered suitable; however, it should be understood that the invention is intended to include all variations and modifications of the embodiments that fall within the scope of this concept and invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic locking device for a servo motor transmission mechanism, characterized in that: Electromagnetic drive mechanism and mechanical self-locking mechanism; The electromagnetic drive mechanism includes a housing, coils, a rotor, magnets, and a piston rod. The housing has an oblong structure and includes a bottom shell, a frame, and a top cover. The frame is located between the bottom shell and the top cover. Four coils are respectively located at the four corners of the frame. Two coils at opposite corners are connected to form a group, namely the unlocking coil and the locking coil. Four magnets are arranged in pairs at the middle of both sides of the frame in the width direction. Two magnets at opposite corners form a group, namely the unlocking magnet and the locking magnet. The rotor pack has a bow-tie shaped structure, with the middle part of the rotor pack rotatably set inside the middle of the housing via a rotating shaft; the piston rod is vertically set on the front end of the rotor pack, with both ends of the piston rod passing through arc-shaped grooves on the bottom shell and the top cover, respectively. The mechanical self-locking mechanism includes a retainer and a locking wheel; one end of the retainer is mounted on the speed reduction transmission device of the servo motor via a rotating shaft, and the upper part of the other end of the retainer is provided with a limiting groove that matches the piston rod, and the lower part is provided with a limiting protrusion; the locking wheel is mounted on the motor output shaft of the servo motor, and the outer edge is provided with a locking port that cooperates with the limiting protrusion.

2. The electromagnetic locking device for the servo drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover is provided with wiring terminals, which are respectively connected to two sets of coils and the grounding terminal.

3. The electromagnetic locking device for the servo drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame has a connecting lug in the middle, and the bottom shell and the top cover have corresponding connecting holes. Screws pass through the connecting holes and the connecting lug to connect the shells.

4. The electromagnetic locking device for the servo drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end faces of the four magnets are all inclined, and the end faces of the unlocking group magnets and the locking group magnets are respectively attached to the two sides of the rotor package.

5. A method of using the electromagnetic locking device for a servo drive mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Specifically, it includes: Servo unlocked state: At this time, neither set of coils is energized, and the rotor is attracted to the unlocked magnet; The piston rod is located at the unlocking end of the arc-shaped groove on the housing. The lower end of the piston rod pushes the retainer up around the pivot to a position away from the locking wheel; the gear on the motor output shaft meshes normally with the reduction gear. Servo locked state: When the locking coil is energized, the coil becomes an electromagnet at the instant of energization. The magnetic force is greater than the magnetic field force of the magnet, causing the rotor to rotate in the magnetic field. This drives the piston rod to rotate towards the locking end of the arc groove. During the movement of the piston rod, it drives the retainer to rotate downward around the axis. When the limiting protrusion at the lower end of the retainer falls into the locking hole of the locking wheel, the motor and the reduction transmission device are locked. After the power is cut off, the rotor is attracted to the magnet of the locking group, and the servo is in the locked state.

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