一种基于行星差动三齿轮结构的大传动比减速器及其传动方法

By designing a planetary differential three-gear structure, it achieves full rigid meshing and coaxial input and output, solving the problems of rigidity and lifespan of existing reducers in high-end equipment. It provides an ultra-large reduction ratio and bidirectional output capability, making it suitable for precision transmission scenarios such as robotics and aerospace.

CN122407765APending Publication Date: 2026-07-17

Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Filing Date
2026-06-13
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing reducers cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of full rigidity, high stiffness, minimal structure, and ultra-large single-stage reduction ratio in high-end equipment and long-life scenarios. Harmonic reducers have limited fatigue life, RV reducers have complex structures and high costs, and ordinary planetary gear reducers have large limitations in transmission ratio.

Method used

It adopts a planetary differential three-gear structure, with one end of the planet carrier serving as the input shaft and the other end supporting the second gear assembly. The central gear and the axes of the two side gears form a spatial stagger angle of 135°±5°. It uses bevel gear transmission to achieve coaxial input and output and ultra-large reduction ratio, and has the ability to output in the same or opposite directions.

Benefits of technology

It achieves fully rigid meshing, eliminates the risk of fatigue fracture, reduces the number of parts, shortens the axial length, simplifies the structure, reduces manufacturing costs, and provides a large reduction ratio of 30:1 to 200:1 and bidirectional output capability, making it suitable for applications requiring high precision and coaxiality.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于行星差动三齿轮结构的大传动比减速器及其传动方法,属于精密机械传动领域。该减速器包括壳体、固定于壳体的第一齿轮、与输出轴一体的第三齿轮、同时与第一、第三齿轮啮合的第二齿轮组件以及行星架。行星架一端为输入轴与壳体连接,另一端支撑第二齿轮组件,输入轴与输出轴同轴设置。第一、第二、第三齿轮均为锥齿轮,构成空间交错轴传动,第二齿轮组件的轴线与第一、第三齿轮的轴线均呈135°夹角。行星架带动第二齿轮组件公转,第二齿轮组件在与第一齿轮啮合下自转,驱动第三齿轮及输出轴旋转。通过选择第一齿轮与第三齿轮的相近齿数,可实现大传动比传动,且可根据齿数大小实现同向或反向输出。
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