一种基于频谱感知生成的小样本电机故障诊断方法

By using a spectrum-sensing generative learning framework and a ResNet-SE model, the problems of insufficient and imbalanced data in motor fault diagnosis are solved, achieving efficient fault identification under small sample conditions and improving diagnostic accuracy and robustness.

CN122413142APending Publication Date: 2026-07-17QIQIHAR UNIVERSITY
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
QIQIHAR UNIVERSITY
Filing Date
2026-05-14
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing technologies face problems such as insufficient labeled data and unbalanced distribution in motor fault diagnosis, resulting in insufficient diagnostic accuracy and robustness, especially under small sample conditions.

Method used

A spectrum-aware generative learning framework is adopted, which combines a deep convolutional neural network (ResNet-SE) with generative adversarial networks (GAN) and SE attention mechanism. Through data augmentation and frequency domain consistency constraints, the quality and diversity of generated samples are improved, and residual learning is combined to capture the local transient features and long-range dependencies of vibration signals.

Benefits of technology

It significantly improves the accuracy and robustness of motor fault diagnosis under small sample conditions, enhances the model's fault identification ability, especially the fault mode discrimination ability under conditions of scarce and imbalanced data.

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Abstract

本发明提出一种基于频谱感知生成的小样本电机故障诊断方法。针对电机系统中标注故障数据不足及分布不平衡的挑战,开发了融合生成对抗网络(GAN)与SE注意力机制的增强型深度神经网络混合模型。首先将电机振动信号转换为时频表示以捕捉判别性频谱特征,随后利用GAN增强少数类别数据以提升数据多样性,同时通过SE注意力机制强化关键故障相关特征的提取。最终在增强数据集上训练深度分类器进行故障识别。本发明在严重数据稀缺及分布失衡场景下展现出更优的诊断准确率与鲁棒性,为工业实际应用中的智能电机故障诊断提供了可靠解决方案。
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