Working method and device of portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation

Abstract

This application discloses a working method and apparatus for a portable, plug-and-play relay protection information substation device supporting model self-construction in the field of intelligent substation operation and maintenance technology. This device and method automatically identify all protection devices in the substation and extract communication parameters by importing the substation's system configuration description file. It intelligently maps the IEC 61850 data model to the standard 103 protocol communication configuration and adapts to the CMS or MMS communication protocols of the protection devices within the substation. This method automates the entire process from network access, model self-construction, data acquisition to communication with the master station, reducing deployment time from several hours to tens of minutes. It significantly reduces manual intervention and reliance on professional skills, ensuring rapid and reliable recovery of protection information monitoring functions in scenarios such as planned maintenance and emergency fault response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of intelligent substation operation and maintenance technology, and is particularly applicable to a portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation working method and device. Background Technology

[0002] The relay protection information substation, or relay protection and fault information system substation for short, is a key information hub between the station and the main station. It is responsible for collecting real-time information such as the operation, alarm, measurement, status and fault recording of all relay protection devices in the station, and uploading it to the remote dispatching main station through the dispatching data network. It is the core means for dispatchers to monitor power grid faults and protection operation.

[0003] Traditional power grid protection substations emphasize dual-machine configuration, employing either dual-master or master-slave operation modes. For example, the article "Schemes and Applications of Dual-Machine Mutual Backup in Relay Protection Fault Information Systems," published in Volume 32, Issue 230 of *Power System Communication*, further categorizes master-slave operation modes into master-slave machine mode and master-slave channel mode. Subsequently, with the inheritance and expansion of the core responsibilities of power grid protection substations, such as the implementation of Q / GDW 10273-2024 Technical Specification for Online Monitoring and Analysis Systems of Relay Protection and Safety Automatic Devices, substations have taken on new functions such as localized intelligent analysis, model management, and advanced applications. Both master and backup substations now require identical and complex manual configuration processes. Due to the high construction cost, low resource utilization, and low flexibility of dual-machine configurations, many sites also adopt a single-substation approach. When an operational power grid protection substation needs to be taken out of service due to planned maintenance, hardware failure, or software upgrades, the dispatch master station will lose its monitoring capability for the substation's protection information for an extended period, posing a potential risk to the safe operation of the power grid. Currently, the traditional method to address this situation is to temporarily deploy a backup power grid protection substation. However, this process has fundamental flaws: the deployment process is extremely cumbersome; after the backup device is powered on, it requires extensive and complex manual configuration by professional technicians on-site. This includes: substation modeling and configuration, secondary equipment configuration, and bay configuration; and manual configuration of communication protocols and parameters according to the requirements of the remote master station. The entire process can take several hours or even longer. It is highly dependent on manual labor and professional skills: the configuration process relies entirely on the experience of on-site engineers, making it prone to errors due to human negligence, and troubleshooting is difficult once errors occur. Furthermore, it cannot meet emergency response requirements: in the event of a power grid emergency or the need for rapid maintenance, a deployment window of several hours is unacceptable, leading to prolonged interruptions in protection information monitoring functions. Moreover, it is unsuitable for diverse scenarios: for scenarios such as substation upgrades and defect handling, because substation upgrades require the reuse of old models and new stations require the construction of new models, existing backup devices cannot reuse the configuration models of old systems or quickly build new models, resulting in poor adaptability and significant limitations. While some solutions, such as the method and system for dynamic configuration management of substation protection information substations throughout their entire lifecycle disclosed in patent document CN113381896B, attempt to reduce manual maintenance, this solution is for the self-maintenance of fixed substations that are already in permanent operation. It requires periodic IP detection and model recall, and the substation needs to be restarted after model acquisition for the new configuration to take effect. It involves incremental detection and configuration updates, but is not result-oriented batch generation. The core is process-oriented adaptation rather than rapid, one-time construction and deployment of the entire substation model. While DHCP technology is common in the IT field, it is very difficult to achieve "plug and play" in power secondary systems, especially in protection information substation scenarios that require complex model mapping and real-time data forwarding. Existing technologies mostly focus on the automatic discovery of device IPs and network topology, rather than the automatic construction and protocol adaptation of the entire substation protection information model.In summary, existing technologies lack a portable solution that can quickly and automatically go online without manual configuration and seamlessly replace all the core functions of the original Baoxin substation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, and in response to the problems of the prior art, this application provides a working method and apparatus for a portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device, which aims to solve the technical problems of existing backup relay protection information substations relying on manual labor, cumbersome configuration, time-consuming and error-prone during emergency replacement.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a method for operating a portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device, comprising the following steps: After the device is connected to the station power supply and the dispatch data network and station control layer, it accepts the IP address setting of the dispatch data network through the human-machine interface and automatically obtains the IP address of the station control layer through the DHCP protocol. The device automatically imports a configuration file after detecting an external storage device. The configuration file is either a substation-wide system configuration description file or an existing model configuration file. When the configuration file is detected as a substation-wide system configuration description file, it is parsed and a new model configuration file is created. The process of parsing the configuration file and creating a new model configuration file involves automatically identifying the protection devices (IEDs) and extracting their network communication parameters. Based on the semantics and functions of IEC 61850 data objects, they are automatically classified and mapped to the corresponding Application Service Data Unit (ASDU) type and information address in the IEC 61850 protocol. The connection relationships in the SCD are parsed, and the association between secondary and primary devices is automatically established. The IEC 61850 data model is automatically mapped according to preset rules and a model configuration file conforming to the IEC 61850 protocol standard is generated. The device identifies the imported configuration file and ensures that it is a model configuration file; The device establishes an adaptive communication mechanism within the station. This mechanism is based on a model configuration file and attempts to establish communication connections with each protection device IED and collect data in a client mode using the CMS and MMS protocols sequentially. The device performs a real-time data conversion and protocol adaptation step, which converts the received real-time data in IEC 61850 format into IEC 61850 format data according to the mapping relationship in the configuration file. The device performs master station communication and status synchronization steps. In this step, a connection is established with the scheduling master station in 103 protocol server mode. When the model configuration file is established or updated, a remote signaling signal for notifying model changes is automatically sent to trigger the master station to perform model synchronization. Then, the data converted in the previous step is forwarded.

[0006] Preferably, after generating the model configuration file conforming to the 103 specification standard, the device also automatically verifies the modeling integrity of the entire site protection device IED. The modeling integrity is verified by comparing all protection device IEDs identified in the SCD file with the list of IEDs that have successfully generated the 103 model.

[0007] Preferably, if an IED fails to automatically model or partially fails to map during the process of automatically verifying the modeling integrity of the whole-site protection device IED, an alarm is issued for the abnormal modeling situation.

[0008] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device, comprising: The power module is used to draw power from the DC power supply of the substation and to supply power to other modules in the device. The core processing unit is used to implement the aforementioned working method of the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device; At least two network interface modules are provided for connecting to the substation control layer network and the dispatch data network, respectively. The interface for connecting to the control layer network supports DHCP client functionality to automatically obtain an IP address. The local interaction module includes a display unit and an indicator unit, which are used to schedule data network IP input, display device status, model anomaly list, and provide light / sound alarms; External storage interface, used for importing configuration files; The storage module is used to store computer programs, system configuration files, generated communication configuration files, and runtime data.

[0009] Preferably, the core processing unit logically includes an SCD parsing and automatic modeling module, a downstream communication module, a data mapping and processing module, and a scheduling communication server module. The SCD parsing and automatic modeling module is used to parse the SCD file and automatically construct the IEC 61850 protocol model. The downstream communication module is used to establish communication with the protection device and collect data using a dual CMS / MMS protocol with CMS protocol priority. The data mapping and processing module is used for data conversion between IEC 61850 and IEC 61850 protocols. The scheduling communication server module is used to automatically communicate with the scheduling master station and forward the converted data after real-time data conversion and protocol adaptation steps.

[0010] Preferably, the network interface module integrates an automatic wire sequence detection circuit for adaptive switching between straight-through and crossover lines.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a debugging interface for device maintenance and log export.

[0012] Preferably, when the computer program on the storage module is executed, the aforementioned working method of the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device is implemented.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application overcomes the fundamental defects of existing backup relay protection information substation deployment processes, which rely entirely on manual labor, are complex to configure, time-consuming, and prone to errors. It provides a portable device and method that can automatically complete the configuration of the entire substation and achieve "plug-and-play" rapid deployment. This not only solves the problem of low efficiency in manual configuration, saving hours of configuration time required by traditional methods—requiring professionals to configure the communication parameters of each protection device individually and manually establish mapping relationships for hundreds or thousands of information points—but also solves the problems of reliance on professional skills and fault tolerance: reducing the professional skill requirements for on-site maintenance personnel and avoiding configuration errors caused by human error and the subsequent difficult troubleshooting process. Simultaneously, the solution also solves the problem of insufficient emergency recovery time: meeting the urgent need of the power grid to restore full-station protection information monitoring within a very short time, such as ten minutes, when a relay protection information substation experiences a sudden outage. Furthermore, the solution solves the problem of limited adaptability to application scenarios: addressing the limitation of backup devices being unable to flexibly adapt to various on-site scenarios such as substation renovation, new substation construction, and defect handling.

[0014] Through a single configuration and automatic device discovery process based on SCD, the device automatically identifies all protection devices and extracts their communication parameters by parsing the site-wide unique SCD configuration file. This completely replaces the tedious process of manually searching and entering IP addresses for each device, reducing configuration work from several hours to minutes and improving deployment efficiency by over 95%.

[0015] Through intelligent data mapping and grouping, as well as automatic association steps for primary and secondary equipment, the software automatically maps the IEC 61850 model to the Standard 103 model and establishes a clear association between primary and secondary equipment. This solves the fundamental problems of manual mapping, such as high workload, high error rate, and potential for out-of-order information display on the main station side, making the information upload accuracy close to 100% and eliminating the risk of model out-of-order display.

[0016] By automatically inheriting parameters, the system automatically extracts and populates data units, dimensions, and other attributes from the SCD into the forwarding model. This ensures that the information uploaded to the scheduling master station has a complete description, improves the availability and readability of the information, and avoids parsing or display errors by the master station due to missing units.

[0017] Through full modeling verification and anomaly alarm mechanism, after automatic modeling is completed, all protection IEDs in SCD are compared with the successfully modeled IEDs. Local alarms are generated for devices that cannot be modeled or partially fail, and virtual remote signaling is generated. This ensures that all protection devices in the entire station are included in the monitoring without omission. Operation and maintenance personnel can discover and deal with model defects in a timely manner, eliminate the risk of missing information from the source, and improve system reliability.

[0018] Through a multi-scenario configuration file import mechanism, the device supports direct import of SCD files in newly created / standard scenarios or existing 103 model configuration files in modified scenarios, greatly enhancing scenario adaptability. In modified scenarios, it enables lossless reuse of configurations and minute-level replacement, covering 100% of backup replacement and emergency scenarios.

[0019] With the intelligent adaptive capability of CMS / MMS dual intra-site communication protocols, it first tries the CMS protocol. If the negotiation fails, it automatically and seamlessly switches to the MMS protocol, enabling seamless access for all devices in the site without prior screening of protocol types. This increases the success rate of emergency recovery to 100% and ensures a smooth transition of technology.

[0020] Through a proactive configuration change notification mechanism, the device automatically sends a "configuration change" remote signal to the dispatch master station when it is put into operation or when the model is updated. This enables automatic synchronization of the model status between the master station and the substations. The dispatch terminal can immediately learn of the substation configuration changes and trigger model recall, reducing manual coordination and avoiding data errors or communication interruptions caused by inconsistencies in point tables.

[0021] By automatically obtaining the station control layer IP address via DHCP and minimizing manual configuration, the device automatically acquires an IP address via DHCP after connecting to the station control layer network. This reduces manual configuration to only the scheduling data network IP address, further lowering the complexity of on-site operations and truly achieving "zero configuration" for station control layer access, thus increasing deployment efficiency to over 99%.

[0022] By integrating the above steps, a fully automated closed-loop process is formed, from file import, protocol self-adaptation, full modeling verification to business readiness. This achieves overall process automation, significantly reduces the professional skills required of on-site maintenance personnel, and ordinary maintenance personnel can operate the system after simple training. This reduces the dependence on personnel technology and the probability of human error, while meeting the stringent requirements for rapid recovery of backup systems in power grid emergency situations. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To illustrate the objectives and technical solutions of this application, the present invention provides the following accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is an architecture diagram of the system in which the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device of this application is deployed; Figure 2This is a hardware structure diagram of an embodiment of the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the working method of the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device of this application. Among them, 1-Portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device, 11-Power supply module, 121-SoC, 122-FPGA, 13-Display unit, 141-Working indicator light, 142-Alarm indicator light, 15-Buzzer, 16-Button, 171-First network port, 172-Second network port, 18-Debug port, 21-First protection device, 22-Second protection device, 23-Third protection device, 3-In-operation relay protection information substation, 4-Relay protection information master station. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives and technical solutions of this application clearer, the application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] In the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as an "example" in this application should not be construed as being better or more advantageous than other embodiments or design options. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either one or the other.

[0026] In the embodiments of this application, "of", "corresponding (relevant)" and "corresponding" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when their differences are not emphasized, their meanings are consistent.

[0027] like Figure 3 The following is a flowchart of an embodiment of a working method for a portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device. The first step is to perform physical access and minimize manual setup.

[0028] Maintenance personnel connect the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device 1 to the substation power supply and connect the device's two network ports to the corresponding network switches using network cables. Through its local interface, only the Internet Protocol (IP) address in the dispatch data network is set. The device itself automatically obtains an IP address using the DHCP protocol in the station control layer network. After connecting to the network, it actively broadcasts DHCP Discover messages, and the DHCP server in the network assigns an available IP address, thus achieving automatic IP configuration with "zero manual input".

[0029] The second step is to configure source file import and process triggering.

[0030] Insert a portable storage device, such as a USB flash drive, containing the substation system configuration description (SCD) file into the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device 1. The monitoring process within the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device 1 automatically detects and identifies the file, triggering an automatic SCD file import process. As a parallel path, it also supports directly importing existing 103 protocol model configuration files to adapt to renovation scenarios.

[0031] Step 3: SCD intelligent analysis and fully automatic modeling.

[0032] The device invokes the SCD parsing and automatic modeling module to perform the following automatic operations: Analysis and Device Discovery: The SCD file is parsed, and all intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) descriptions are traversed. Based on the national standard IEC 61850 engineering application model for relay protection, by identifying whether each IED has a logical device (LD) with the instance name (inst) "PROT", all protection devices in the entire station, including the protection section of the integrated protection and control device, are automatically screened out.

[0033] Communication parameter extraction: For each selected protection device IED, automatically extract network communication parameters such as IP address and TCP port from its configured access point, as well as predefined dataset and report control block information.

[0034] Intelligent Construction of 103 Specification Model: Automatic data grouping and mapping: Based on the semantics and functions of data objects in IEC 61850 (DL / T 860), they are automatically classified and mapped to the corresponding information groups (Application Service Data Unit type ASDU) and information entry addresses in Appendix A of the Q / GDW-10273-2024 Enterprise Standard Communication Specification 103 Protocol (which corresponds to DL / T 667-1999, which is equivalent to IEC60870-5-103). The mapping rules are as follows: datasets such as dsAin (telemetry) and dsRelayAin (protection telemetry) are mapped to the "Analog Quantity Group"; datasets such as dsRelayEna (protection control panel) and dsRelayFunEn (remote operation protection function activation / deactivation) are mapped to the "Soft Control Panel Group"; dsParameter (device parameter setting) and dssetting (protection setting) are mapped to the "Settings Group"; datasets such as dsRelayState (protection function status), dsRelayBlk (protection function interlocking dataset), and dsRelayDin (protection remote signaling) are mapped to the "Switching Quantity Group"; the dsTripInfo (protection event) dataset is mapped to the "Protection Action Signal Group" of status quantities; and datasets such as dsAlarm (fault signal) and dsWarning (alarm signal) are mapped to the "Device Self-Test Signal Group" of status quantities. This process solves the problem of item disorder that may occur in traditional manual mapping.

[0035] Automatic association between primary and secondary equipment: Parse the connection relationships in SCD, automatically establish the association between the secondary equipment of the protection device and the primary equipment such as lines and transformers, and create the corresponding primary equipment logical nodes in the 103 model to ensure a clear information structure.

[0036] Automatic parameter inheritance: Extract the unit, dimension and other attributes of the data object from SCD and automatically fill them into the generated 103 data object description.

[0037] Generate runtime configuration files: Outputs a downlink communication configuration file containing all protection device connection information, as well as a complete, ready-to-use uplink communication configuration file using the 103 protocol.

[0038] Full modeling verification and anomaly alerts: After modeling is complete, the module automatically compares all identified protected IEDs in the SCD with the list of actual IEDs that successfully generated 103 models. If an IED cannot be automatically modeled or partial mapping fails due to incomplete model definition, an alarm is issued, including: The system highlights a list of faulty IEDs on the local HMI interface, triggers light / sound alarms, and generates an alarm log file named modellog.xml. This signal is skipped if partial mapping fails. The alarm log content can be as follows: <!-- Example 1: Modeling failure caused by empty dataset --> <log> <timestamp> 2026-03-30T15:23:47.123+08:00< / timestamp> <level> ERROR< / level> <eventtype> MODELING_ABNORMAL< / eventtype> <iedname> PL1101< / iedname> <ieddesc> 101 line protection< / ieddesc> <abnormaltype> EMPTY_DATASET< / abnormaltype> <detail> The dataset dsRelayState is empty, so a switch group cannot be generated.< / detail> <impact> All signals in the switch input group are missing, and the status of the protection device cannot be sent to the master station.< / impact> <suggestion> Please check the dsRelayState dataset definition for this IED in the SCD file to ensure that it contains at least one data object.< / suggestion> < / log> <!-- Example 2: Missing PROT logical device, skip modeling --> <log> <timestamp> 2026-03-30T15:23:47.456+08:00< / timestamp> <level> WARNING< / level> <eventtype> MODELING_ABNORMAL< / eventtype> <iedname> PL1102< / iedname> <ieddesc> 102 line protection< / ieddesc> <abnormaltype> NO_PROT_LD< / abnormaltype> <detail> No logical device with inst set to PROT was found; this IED has been skipped.< / detail> <impact> The protective device was not included in the monitoring scope.< / impact> <suggestion> Please confirm whether the protection device in SCD is correctly configured with the PROT logic device. If it is a measurement and control device, this can be ignored.< / suggestion> < / log> <!-- Example 3: Partial signal mapping failed (description mismatch) --> <log> <timestamp> 2026-03-30T15:23:47.789+08:00< / timestamp> <level> WARNING< / level> <eventtype> MODELING_ABNORMAL< / eventtype> <iedname> PL1103< / iedname> <ieddesc> 103 line protection< / ieddesc> <abnormaltype> MAPPING_FAILED< / abnormaltype> <detail> Data object Str (desc=103 Line Protection Start) cannot match any information point description in template 103, mapping failed.< / detail> <impact> This signal (protection activation) cannot be sent to the main station.< / impact> <suggestion> Please check if the corresponding description exists in template 103, or manually configure the mapping relationship for this signal.< / suggestion> < / log> Meanwhile, a virtual tele-signaling point of "modeling abnormality" is automatically created inside the device, with its status set to "abnormal" and description set to "Modeling of some protection devices failed, please check the SCD file or perform manual intervention." For devices that have been successfully modeled, the module records their modeling status as "normal". This mechanism ensures that operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively confirm that all protection devices in the whole substation have been included in the monitoring scope, and eliminates information loss caused by omissions in model parsing.

[0039] Incomplete model definition includes situations such as missing necessary datasets or empty datasets. Necessary datasets refer to, for example, all protection device IEDs must have dsTripInfo (action information) and dsAlarm (self-check information).

[0040] Step 4: Automatically establish communication with the protection device and collect data.

[0041] The device starts the lower-layer communication module, and first acts as a client for the 2024 CMS specification for communication messages of secondary systems of new-generation substations. After establishing a TCP handshake, it sends an association negotiation request, the content of which includes the allowed APDU size, ASDU size, and protocol version number. If the device replies with an AssciateNegotiate-Error due to protocol mismatch caused by incorrect message format, it indicates that association negotiation has failed. Another attempt is made after the failure, and a timeout of 15s is set. After the CMS protocol connection fails, the device automatically switches to being an IEC 61850 MMS client to communicate with the device, and sends MMS initialization messages to conduct MMS message interaction with the device. After the connection is successful, relevant reports are automatically subscribed according to the configuration, and the device starts to receive real-time information such as protection actions, alarms, and measurement values, periodically calls setting values and plate status, and manages the transmission of wave recording files. The above realizes the adaptation of two communication protocols, CMS protocol and MMS protocol, between the portable protection information substation and the protection device.

[0042] Step 5: Real-time data conversion and protocol adaptation.

[0043] The data mapping and processing module automatically converts the received real-time data in IEC 61850 format, such as values, quality, and time scales, into data objects in IEC 61850 format based on the mapping relationship table established in the third step, and performs necessary processing such as time scale conversion from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) to local time and data format conversion.

[0044] Step 6: Automatically establish communication with the scheduling master station and forward information.

[0045] Since the 103-point table of this device is generated on-site, in real time, and automatically by parsing the full-station SCD file and according to the Q / GDW10273-2024 rule, the IED access order and the scanning order according to the dataset cannot be guaranteed to be consistent with the operating relay protection information substation 3. Or, due to historical reasons, the existing model configuration file may contain some new devices that are inconsistent with the operating relay protection information substation 3. The portable device needs to actively notify the main station to synchronize the model.

[0046] When the portable device successfully completes SCD parsing and modeling and is ready to provide external services, i.e., when this device replaces the original faulty substation and is put into operation, the device automatically generates a "configuration change" remote signaling event with the status of "action" and the description of "the configuration of the security substation has been updated. Please schedule the master station to resuming the model / point table".

[0047] This remote signal follows the standard 103 protocol format and is actively sent to the dispatching terminal after the device establishes a connection with the master station. Upon receiving this signal, the master station can trigger a model synchronization process, such as resuming model recall, to ensure that the point table on the master station side is consistent with the actual model on the substation.

[0048] Furthermore, if the model changes due to the re-importing of the SCD file during subsequent operation, the device will automatically send this configuration change signal to achieve real-time notification of model changes.

[0049] Based on the same inventive concept, and to achieve high portability, rapid deployment, and high reliability, the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device 1 of this application adopts a modular and highly integrated architecture in its hardware design. Logically, it mainly consists of the following modules: Power module 11: Powered by the substation's DC power supply, typically 110V or 220V DC, the input is isolated and converted to the operating voltages required by the various modules within the device, such as +5V, +3.3V, and +1.8V. Power module 11 features a wide voltage input range, overvoltage and overcurrent protection, and reverse connection protection, ensuring stable and reliable operation of the device in the complex power environment of the substation.

[0050] Core Processing Unit: This unit employs a highly integrated SoC+FPGA architecture to form the CPU core module. Structurally, it is implemented using a core board + baseboard approach. The core board integrates a high-performance SoC121 chip (such as an ARM Cortex-A series processor) and a high-capacity FPGA122 chip, forming the core processing unit, along with corresponding DDR memory and eMMC storage. The storage module stores computer programs, system configuration files, generated communication configuration files, and runtime data. When the computer program is executed, it implements the aforementioned working method of the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device. The core board is only about the size of a business card and is responsible for running the core software system, including major computational tasks such as SCD parsing and automatic modeling, protocol conversion, data storage and forwarding, and configuration file comparison. The FPGA122 handles high-real-time message data preprocessing, protocol parsing, and CRC check calculations, sharing the load with the SoC121 and ensuring overall processing performance. Message data preprocessing refers to the process where, for CMS / MMS intra-station communication protocol messages, the FPGA is responsible for quickly identifying the message type, extracting key fields such as ASDU headers, timestamps, and data values, and then loading the processed data into the CPU memory via DMA (Direct Memory Access). This allows the CPU to directly process structured data instead of parsing the raw message byte by byte. The SoC and FPGA work together in parallel to compress the entire station configuration parsing time to the minute level. The baseboard provides basic support for the core board and mainly includes power conversion circuits, driver circuits for various physical interfaces, and interface circuits connecting to the front panel.

[0051] Display Unit 13: Employs a high-brightness, wide-temperature industrial-grade color LCD screen to display: device initialization progress and status, current operating mode and network connection status, configuration CRC code change alarm details, a list and detailed information of abnormal devices in the modeling process, and real-time alarm information scrolling display. An external touchscreen is mounted on this color LCD screen, forming a human-machine interface (HMI).

[0052] The indicator unit includes a working indicator light 141, an alarm indicator light 142, and a buzzer 15. The working indicator light 141 uses a green LED; a solid green light indicates normal device operation, flashing indicates initialization, and no light indicates a device malfunction or power failure. The alarm indicator light 142 uses a red LED and illuminates when a change in the configuration CRC code of any protection device is detected. Additionally, when modeling fails in step three or when modeling of some devices is abnormal, the configuration change alarm indicator flashes synchronously, prompting maintenance personnel to check the HMI details. The built-in buzzer 15 sounds an audible alarm when any alarm occurs, such as a configuration change or modeling anomaly, alerting on-site personnel. The sound can be manually muted using button 16.

[0053] Network Interface Module: The device is equipped with at least two independent network interfaces, port 171 and port 172, for accessing the station control layer network and communicating with protection devices. The interfaces adopt a circular aviation plug design and integrate Ethernet differential signal lines internally, improving the interface protection level to IP54 or higher, adapting to the harsh environment of substations. In this embodiment, each network interface has a built-in automatic line sequence detection circuit. The Auto-MDI / MDIX function is implemented through the detection circuit and logic control unit integrated within the Ethernet physical layer transceiver chip. During power-on initialization or link establishment, the chip actively sends a specific link pulse test signal. The chip's internal detection logic then monitors whether the signal is correctly received and responded to by the other end. If it detects that the current pin definition cannot establish effective communication, the chip automatically switches its internal electronic switch, swapping the transmit and receive paths to another mode, and then re-attempts to establish a connection. Regardless of whether the network cable is a straight-through or crossover cable, the device automatically switches the receive / transmit path internally, eliminating the need for manual cable calibration and achieving true plug-and-play functionality. The interface supports 100 / 1000Mbps adaptive Ethernet communication.

[0054] Debug port 18: This embodiment provides a standard RS-232 or USB debugging interface for local maintenance personnel to connect a laptop computer for low-level debugging, log export, fault diagnosis, and firmware upgrades. Firmware upgrades can be performed via USB flash drive or the debugging port.

[0055] Button 16, in this embodiment, uses the alarm reset button: a short press stops the buzzer from sounding, but does not change the state of the alarm indicator light; a long press for 3 seconds clears the confirmed alarm record, which needs to be confirmed again on the HMI. If the cause of the alarm has been eliminated, the corresponding alarm indicator light will be turned off.

[0056] The heat dissipation structure of the hardware in this embodiment uses an all-aluminum alloy shell, which serves as a large-area heat sink. The CPU core board is in close contact with the shell through high thermal conductivity thermal grease, transferring heat to the outside. In extreme high-temperature environments, a built-in miniature intelligent temperature-controlled fan can be used to assist in heat dissipation, ensuring stable operation of the device within a wide temperature range of -25℃ to +55℃.

[0057] An embodiment of the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device of this application takes the original relay protection information substation of a 220kV substation that needs to be urgently replaced due to hardware failure as an example to explain in detail the usage process of this device.

[0058] The first step is hardware preparation and network access. Maintenance personnel arrive at the faulty substation carrying the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device 1 of the present invention, and prepare to maintain the relay protection information substation 3.

[0059] Place the device in a suitable location and connect it to a 220V AC power supply at the access station. Perform the only manual setting via the portable device's built-in touchscreen HMI: set the device's IP address on the dispatch data network to 10.10.10.50.

[0060] The device automatically obtains an IP address using the DHCP protocol in the station control layer network, without requiring manual configuration. After connecting to the network, the device actively broadcasts a DHCP Discover message, and the DHCP server in the station control layer network assigns an available IP address, such as 192.168.1.100, thus achieving plug-and-play functionality.

[0061] Using two network cables, connect the first network port 171, labeled "Station Control Layer Port," and the first network port 172, labeled "Dispatch Data Port," of this device to the corresponding network switches. At this point, the entire network connection architecture is complete. The station control layer switch also connects to various protection devices (IEDs). On the main station side, the relay protection information master station 4 is connected to the dispatch data network via a vertical encryption device. The data network switch connects to the dispatch data network from the substation side via a vertical encryption device.

[0062] The second step is to import the configuration source file. Maintenance personnel obtain the latest, verified full-station system configuration file (SCD file) from the substation engineering station or maintenance terminal and copy it to a regular USB flash drive. The USB flash drive is then inserted into the USB port 18 on the front panel of the device. The configuration monitoring process running within the device immediately and automatically detects the SCD file on the USB flash drive; for example, if the SCD file is named Station_220kV_V2.5.scd, a confirmation prompt will appear. After the user clicks "Confirm Import," the core processing flow is automatically triggered to generate the configuration for communication with the 103 substation.

[0063] If it is a substation renovation, and the original system already has a usable 103 protocol model file, then the model file can be directly imported. The process will start from the end of the third step and directly load the configuration file.

[0064] Step 3: SCD Intelligent Analysis and Fully Automated Modeling The built-in SCD parsing and automatic modeling module of this device has started working: Parsing and Device Discovery: The module reads and parses the Station_220kV_V2.5.scd file. It iterates through all... <ied>Tags, by searching <ldevice desc="保护" inst="PROT">The logic device automatically identifies a total of 86 protection devices IEDs in the entire station, including the aforementioned first protection device 21, second protection device 22, third protection device 23, and fourth protection device 24. In this embodiment, the first protection device 21 is a line protection device, the second protection device 22 is a bus protection device, the third protection device 23 is a main transformer protection device, and the fourth protection device 24 is a switch protection device.

[0065] Communication parameter extraction: For each identified protection IED, such as the first protection device 21 named PL1101, the module automatically extracts its configured access points ( <accesspoint name="S1">IP address in ) <address><Ptype="IP">192.168.1.101 ...), and predefined datasets for submitting reports ( <dataset>)name.

[0066] Intelligent Construction of 103 Specification Model: Device-level mapping: Precise Association: As the core logic, the software uses the complete matching of device names as the key basis to accurately associate the protection device PL1101 in the SCD model with the corresponding logical device in the 103 protocol model to be generated, and builds a one-to-one bidirectional mapping relationship to ensure that the source of subsequent data mapping is correct.

[0067] Dataset mapping: For each selected protection device, such as PL1101, the module accesses its <accesspoint name="S1">.

[0068] Full import and intelligent filtering: Import all datasets under this access point ( <dataset>The system imports information, but automatically excludes datasets dsGOOSE and dsinterlock whose logical device (LD) instances are CTRL, because these belong to the signal data output by measurement and control devices and do not need to be sent to the main station.

[0069] Intelligent grouping mapping: Based on preset rules, the remaining dataset is automatically classified and mapped to the corresponding information groups in the 103 specification, ensuring that there are no group number conflicts. dsAin, dsRelayAin → Analog input group (corresponding to ASDU type) dsRelayEna, dsRelayFunEn → Soft pressure plate assembly dsParameter, dsSetting → Setpoint Group dsRelayState, dsRelayBlk, dsRelayDin → Digital input / output group dsTripInfo → Protection Action Signal Group dsAlarm, dsWarning → Device self-test signal group Signal mapping: For each data object within each of the aforementioned datasets, the module performs signal-level mapping.

[0070] Key Mechanism: By extracting and comparing the descriptive text (desc attribute) of data objects in the SCD with the descriptions of information points in the 103 model template, a consistency mapping relationship is established between the descriptive texts. For example, in the SCD, a... <do name="Str" desc="101线路保护启动">The signal will be automatically mapped to the information point address described as "101 line protection start" in the 103 model. This mechanism fundamentally solves the problems of signal misalignment and master station signal disorder that may be caused by traditional manual mapping.

[0071] During the preceding SCD file parsing process, the parsing of primary and secondary equipment connections is also performed in parallel. This automatically establishes associations between the secondary equipment of the protection device and primary equipment such as lines and transformers, and creates corresponding primary equipment logical nodes in the upward communication 103 model to ensure a clear information structure. These associations are reflected in different ways in the upward and downward models.

[0072] Parameter inheritance: At the same time, the unit, dimension and other attributes of the data object are automatically inherited from SCD and filled into the 103 data description.

[0073] Generate configuration file: After completing the fully automated parsing and mapping, the module generates two configuration files: The downstream communication configuration file device_comm_config.xml contains the IP addresses, ports, and lists of datasets and control blocks to be subscribed to for all 86 protected IEDs.

[0074] The communication configuration file 103_master_station_config.cfg contains a complete table of 103 protocol points that conforms to the scheduling master station specifications. Its group numbering, signal sequence, and description are all clear and accurate.

[0075] Step 4: Automatically establish internal connections and collect data The device's downstream communication module, or intra-station communication client module, loads the device_comm_config.xml file.

[0076] The module automatically establishes TCP connections with each of the 86 protection devices, including PL1101 (IP: 192.168.1.101), one by one according to the configuration order. Then, acting as a client of the next-generation protocol CMS, it sends an association negotiation request after establishing the TCP handshake. The association negotiation content includes the allowed APDU size, ASDU size, and protocol version number. If the device responds with AssciateNegotiate-Error, it indicates that the association negotiation has failed. It then automatically switches to communication with the device using the IEC 61850 Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) client, sending an MMS initialization message and exchanging MMS messages with the device.

[0077] After successful connection, the device automatically subscribes to the report control blocks configured in each protection device. Subsequently, the device begins to receive status change reports, measurement value reports, etc. from all protection devices in real time.

[0078] Meanwhile, the module automatically recalls the current setting zone number and soft pressure plate status of each protection device at regular intervals (such as every 15 minutes), and manages the automatic recall of fault recording files.

[0079] Step 5: Real-time data conversion Based on the precise data point mapping table established in the third step of signal mapping, the received IEC 61850 data is converted into ASDU in IEC 61850 protocol format in real time and accurately.

[0080] Step 6: Automatically communicate with the dispatch master station and forward the message. The device's scheduling communication server module (103 Server) loads the 103_master_station_config.cfg file and starts listening on a preset port such as 2404.

[0081] The relay protection information master station system of the remote provincial dispatch master station (IP: 10.10.10.1) is connected to this portable device via the preset IP (10.10.10.50).

[0082] After the connection is established, the portable device automatically generates a "configuration change" remote signaling event with the status "action" and the description "The configuration of the security substation has been updated. Please send the master station to re-summon the model / point table." The event is then actively sent to the scheduling terminal in accordance with the standard 103 protocol format. Upon receiving this signal, the master station can trigger a model synchronization process, such as re-summoning the model, to ensure that the point table on the master station side is consistent with the actual model on the substation.

[0083] Subsequently, the device begins to actively send the converted signal from step five to the master station, while simultaneously responding to various commands sent by the master station, such as general calls and setpoint calls, to achieve reliable two-way information transmission.

[0084] At this point, the protection information uploading function of the faulty substation was fully restored within approximately 10 minutes.

[0085] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function according to the embodiments of the present invention is generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. Computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. A computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more sets of available media. Available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media. Semiconductor media can be solid-state drives.

[0086] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the execution order of the above steps should be determined by their functions and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0087] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0088] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the devices, apparatuses, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0089] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0090] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.< / do> < / dataset> < / accesspoint> < / dataset> < / address> < / accesspoint> < / ldevice> < / ied>

Claims

1. A method for operating a portable plug-and-play substation device for protection information, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: After the device is connected to the station power supply and the dispatch data network and station control layer, it accepts the IP address setting of the dispatch data network through the human-machine interface and automatically obtains the IP address of the station control layer through the DHCP protocol. The device automatically imports a configuration file after detecting an external storage device. The configuration file is either a substation-wide system configuration description file or an existing model configuration file. When the configuration file is detected as a substation-wide system configuration description file, it is parsed and a new model configuration file is created. The process of parsing the configuration file and creating a new model configuration file involves automatically identifying the protection devices (IEDs) and extracting their network communication parameters. Based on the semantics and functions of IEC 61850 data objects, they are automatically classified and mapped to the corresponding Application Service Data Unit (ASDU) type and information address in the IEC 61850 protocol. The connection relationships in the SCD are parsed, and the association between secondary and primary devices is automatically established. The IEC 61850 data model is automatically mapped according to preset rules and a model configuration file conforming to the IEC 61850 protocol standard is generated. The device identifies the imported configuration file and ensures that it is a model configuration file; The device establishes an adaptive communication mechanism within the station. This mechanism is based on a model configuration file and attempts to establish communication connections with each protection device IED and collect data in a client mode using the CMS and MMS protocols sequentially. The device performs a real-time data conversion and protocol adaptation step, which converts the received real-time data in IEC 61850 format into IEC 61850 format data according to the mapping relationship in the configuration file. The device performs master station communication and status synchronization steps. In this step, a connection is established with the scheduling master station in 103 protocol server mode. When the model configuration file is established or updated, a remote signaling signal for notifying model changes is automatically sent to trigger the master station to perform model synchronization. Then, the data converted in the previous step is forwarded.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation apparatus is characterized by: After generating the model configuration file that conforms to the 103 specification standard, the device also automatically verifies the modeling integrity of all protection device IEDs in the entire station. The modeling integrity is verified by comparing all protection device IEDs identified in the SCD file with the list of IEDs that have successfully generated the 103 model.

3. The working method of the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: If, during the process of automatically verifying the modeling integrity of the entire site protection device IED, it is found that a certain IED cannot be automatically modeled or that part of the mapping fails, an alarm will be issued for the abnormal modeling situation.

4. A portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device, characterized in that, include: The power module is used to draw power from the DC power supply of the substation and to supply power to other modules in the device. The core processing unit is used to implement the working method of the portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device according to any one of claims 1-3; At least two network interface modules are provided for connecting to the substation control layer network and the dispatch data network, respectively. The interface for connecting to the control layer network supports DHCP client functionality to automatically obtain an IP address. The local interaction module includes a display unit and an indicator unit, which are used to schedule data network IP input, display device status, model anomaly list, and provide light / sound alarms; External storage interface, used for importing configuration files; The storage module is used to store computer programs, system configuration files, generated communication configuration files, and runtime data.

5. The portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The core processing unit logically includes an SCD parsing and automatic modeling module, a downstream communication module, a data mapping and processing module, and a scheduling communication server module. The SCD parsing and automatic modeling module is used to parse SCD files and automatically construct the IEC 61850 protocol model. The downstream communication module is used to establish communication with the protection device and collect data using a dual CMS / MMS protocol with CMS protocol priority. The data mapping and processing module is used for data conversion between IEC 61850 and the IEC 61850 protocol. The scheduling communication server module is used to automatically communicate with the scheduling master station and forward the converted data after real-time data conversion and protocol adaptation steps.

6. The portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The network interface module integrates an automatic line sequence detection circuit for adaptive switching between straight-through and crossover lines.

7. The portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a debugging interface for device maintenance and log export.

8. The portable plug-and-play relay protection information substation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the computer program on the storage module is executed, it implements the working method as described in any one of claims 1-3.

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