Data transmission methods, devices and new energy systems

Abstract

This invention discloses a data transmission method, apparatus, and new energy system, relating to the field of new energy power generation technology. The method includes: dividing intelligent devices in the new energy system into multiple device clusters; determining one intelligent device in each device cluster as a first gateway; and receiving first data uploaded by each first gateway, wherein the first data is obtained by aggregating device data uploaded by each intelligent device in the device cluster to which the first gateway belongs. This invention improves data transmission efficiency without increasing hardware costs when dealing with massive amounts of data in new energy systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy power generation technology, and in particular to a data transmission method, device and new energy system. Background Technology

[0002] In new energy systems such as photovoltaics, energy storage, and wind power (especially industrial and commercial and large-scale ground power plants), a large number of intelligent devices are usually deployed, such as photovoltaic inverters, energy storage converters, battery management systems, and environmental sensors. These intelligent devices are interconnected through internal communication networks (such as RS485, CAN, Ethernet or wireless Mesh networks) to form a local area network system, which can realize data interaction and collaborative control between devices.

[0003] To achieve intelligent operation and maintenance, remote monitoring, fault early warning, and energy dispatch optimization, it is necessary to upload the operating data generated by intelligent devices (such as voltage, current, power, temperature, alarm events, etc.) to a data management system (such as a cloud platform) for unified management. Currently, new energy systems often use a single-point centralized gateway architecture for data transmission. This involves deploying a dedicated communication gateway within the new energy system, or designating a device with public network access capabilities (such as the main control inverter) as the sole gateway, responsible for aggregating all device data and uploading it to the data management system. This single-point centralized gateway architecture suffers from low data transmission efficiency and high hardware costs when dealing with the massive amounts of data from new energy systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a data transmission method that improves data transmission efficiency without increasing hardware costs when dealing with massive amounts of data from new energy systems. This data transmission method is executed by a data management system and includes: The intelligent devices in the new energy system are divided into multiple device clusters; Select one smart device in the device cluster as the first gateway; Receive first data uploaded by each first gateway. The first data is obtained by the first gateway aggregating the device data uploaded by each smart device in the device cluster to which the first gateway belongs.

[0005] Optionally, the intelligent devices in the new energy system can be divided into multiple device clusters, including: The location information of each intelligent device in the new energy system is clustered, and the intelligent devices are divided into multiple device clusters based on the clustering results.

[0006] Optionally, after determining that one smart device in the device cluster is the first gateway, the process also includes: The data management system determines one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway. The second gateway is used to divide the system-level data of the new energy system into multiple second data and allocate the multiple second data to different first gateways. Receive the second data uploaded by each first gateway.

[0007] Optionally, after the data management system determines one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway, it further includes: The data management system uses the historical operating status information and historical weight information of each first gateway to train a preset machine learning model to obtain a gateway status evaluation model; the gateway status evaluation model is then distributed to the second gateway; the second gateway inputs the real-time operating status information of each first gateway into the gateway status evaluation model to obtain the real-time status evaluation information of each first gateway; and based on the real-time status evaluation information of each first gateway, multiple second data are allocated to different first gateways.

[0008] Optionally, after determining that one smart device in the device cluster is the first gateway, the method further includes: The data management system receives new device joining information sent by the target first gateway, which includes information about the smart device to be joined; the target first gateway is the first gateway of the device cluster to which the smart device to be joined belongs; and updates the cluster information of the device cluster to which the target first gateway belongs based on the new device joining information.

[0009] Optionally, after determining one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway, the method further includes: The data management system receives the first update information sent by the second gateway; the first update information includes new first gateway information and target device cluster information; based on the first update information, the first gateway of the target device cluster is updated to the new first gateway.

[0010] Optionally, after determining one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway, the method further includes: The data management system receives second update information sent by any first gateway; the second update information includes new second gateway information; based on the second update information, the second gateway of the new energy system is updated to the first gateway corresponding to the new second gateway information.

[0011] This invention also provides a data transmission device that can improve data transmission efficiency without increasing hardware costs when dealing with massive amounts of data from new energy systems. This device is applied to a data management system and includes: The cluster partitioning module is used to divide the intelligent devices in the new energy system into multiple device clusters; The first gateway determination module is used to determine a smart device in the device cluster as the first gateway. The data receiving module is used to receive the first data uploaded by each first gateway. The first data is obtained by the first gateway aggregating the device data uploaded by each smart device in the device cluster to which the first gateway belongs.

[0012] Optionally, the device further includes a second gateway determination module, used to determine one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway; the second gateway is used to divide the system-level data of the new energy system into multiple second data, and allocate the multiple second data to different first gateways; The data receiving module is also used to receive the second data uploaded by each first gateway.

[0013] This invention provides a new energy system that can improve data transmission efficiency without increasing hardware costs when dealing with massive amounts of data. The method is applied to a data management system, which includes multiple device clusters; each device cluster includes multiple intelligent devices, and one of the multiple intelligent devices is a first gateway. Each first gateway is used to receive device data uploaded by each smart device in the device cluster to which the first gateway belongs, aggregate the device data to obtain first data, and upload the first data to the data management system.

[0014] Optionally, the new energy system further includes a second gateway, which is one of a plurality of first gateways; The second gateway is used to divide the system-level data of the new energy system into multiple second data, and to allocate the multiple second data to different first gateways; The first gateway is also used to upload the second data to the data management system.

[0015] Optionally, the second gateway distributes multiple sets of second data to different first gateways, including: The real-time operating status information of each first gateway is input into the gateway status evaluation model to obtain the real-time status evaluation information of each first gateway; the gateway status evaluation model is obtained by training a preset machine learning model using the historical operating status information and historical weight information of each first gateway. Based on the real-time status assessment information of each first gateway, multiple second data are allocated to different first gateways.

[0016] Optionally, each first gateway is further configured to, upon receiving location information sent by the smart device to be joined, feed back the load information of its device cluster, the location information of the first gateway, and the network quality information to the smart device to be joined; so that the smart device to be joined can determine the target first gateway from multiple first gateways based on its own location information, the load information of the device cluster to which each first gateway belongs, the location information of each first gateway, and the network quality information, and send a new device joining request to the target first gateway. The target first gateway is used to add the smart device to its device cluster according to the new device joining request; and send the new device joining information to the data management system, which includes the information of the smart device to be joined; so that the data management system can update the cluster information of the device cluster to which the target first gateway belongs based on the new device joining information.

[0017] Optionally, each intelligent device in the device cluster is used to interact with other intelligent devices in the device cluster with their respective device operating status information when the first gateway of the device cluster is re-determined, and to determine a new first gateway based on the device operating status information of each intelligent device; the new first gateway synchronizes the election results to the second gateway. The second gateway is also used to send first update information to the data management system. The first update information includes new first gateway information and target device cluster information, so that the data management system updates the first gateway of the target device cluster to the new first gateway according to the first gateway update information.

[0018] Optionally, each first gateway is further configured to, upon triggering the re-determination of the second gateway of the new energy system, interact with other first gateways to exchange their respective device operation status information, and determine a new second gateway based on the device operation status information of each first gateway; and send second update information to the data management system, the second update information including new second gateway information, so that the data management system updates the second gateway of the new energy system to the first gateway corresponding to the new second gateway information according to the second update information.

[0019] This invention also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described data transmission method.

[0020] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described data transmission method.

[0021] This invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described data transmission method.

[0022] In this embodiment of the invention, the data management system divides the intelligent devices in the new energy system into multiple device clusters; one intelligent device in each device cluster is designated as the first gateway; thus, during data transmission, each intelligent device in each device cluster uploads its own device data to the first gateway of that device cluster. The first gateway then aggregates the device data to obtain first data, which is then uploaded to the data management system. The data management system receives the first data uploaded by each first gateway. Compared with existing methods that use a single-point centralized gateway architecture for data transmission, this embodiment of the invention divides the intelligent devices in the new energy system into multiple device clusters, designating one intelligent device in each cluster as the first gateway for data transmission within that cluster. This eliminates the need to deploy a dedicated communication gateway, utilizing intelligent devices with public network capabilities to act as gateways and forming a multi-channel concurrent data transmission topology. When dealing with the massive amounts of data in the new energy system, this improves data transmission efficiency without increasing hardware costs. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 A flowchart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating yet another data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the process for adding new equipment is provided for embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating how a device cluster can re-elect a first gateway in the event of a first gateway failure, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating how a periodic operation and maintenance optimization or event-triggered dynamic optimization strategy is implemented to trigger a re-election of the first gateway in a device cluster, as provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this specification, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," and "containing" are open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to. The terms "an embodiment," "a specific embodiment," "some embodiments," and "for example," etc., refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example that are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. The order of steps involved in the various embodiments is used to illustrate the implementation of this application, and the order of steps is not limited and can be adjusted appropriately as needed.

[0027] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used to distinguish different objects or to distinguish different treatments of the same object, rather than to describe a specific order of objects.

[0028] In the description of this specification, "and / or" is merely a way of describing the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0029] Existing new energy systems often employ a single-point centralized gateway architecture for data transmission. This involves deploying a dedicated communication gateway within the system, or designating a single device with public network access capabilities (such as the main control inverter) as the sole gateway, responsible for aggregating all device data and uploading it uniformly to the data management system. This single-point centralized gateway architecture has the following drawbacks: 1. When a single gateway handles concurrent data streams from thousands or even tens of thousands of devices, its CPU, memory, network bandwidth, and other resources are easily overloaded, leading to data backlog, increased upload latency, and even packet loss, making it difficult to meet the needs of high real-time services (such as AGC frequency modulation and fault recording). 2. Since the role of the gateway is fixed and there is no redundancy, once the gateway device experiences hardware failure, network interruption, or software abnormality, the data transmission link of the entire new energy system will be interrupted, which will seriously affect the continuity of operation and has poor reliability. 3. When the new energy system expands to include new smart devices, the single-point centralized gateway architecture cannot dynamically adapt to the load growth, often requiring manual intervention to replace it with a higher-performance gateway, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs. 4. The need to add a dedicated communication gateway increases hardware costs; and a large number of intelligent devices with communication capabilities (such as energy storage converters and smart meters) in the new energy system are in a "dumb terminal" state, and their idle computing and network resources are not effectively utilized, resulting in resource waste. 5. Data transmission schemes in single-point centralized gateway architectures typically employ static data forwarding strategies, which cannot dynamically adjust the upload path and content based on the real-time network quality, load status, or data priority of each device, resulting in low overall transmission efficiency.

[0030] It is evident that the existing single-point centralized gateway architecture is insufficient to support the high throughput, high availability, and low cost data transmission requirements of ultra-large-scale new energy systems.

[0031] Based on this, embodiments of the present invention provide a data transmission scheme for a new energy system. This data transmission scheme adopts a distributed, self-organizing, and collaboratively optimized data transmission mechanism to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The entity executing this data transmission method can be a data management system. The data management system can be a cloud-based system or other data management device. The data management system can serve as an external connection system for the new energy system, or as part of the new energy system, for receiving, storing, and analyzing the operational data of the new energy system.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the data transmission method may include: Step 101: Divide the intelligent devices in the new energy system into multiple device clusters; Step 102: Determine one smart device in the device cluster as the first gateway; Step 103: Receive the first data uploaded by each first gateway. The first data is obtained by the first gateway aggregating the device data uploaded by each smart device in the device cluster to which the first gateway belongs.

[0034] It should be noted that in this embodiment of the invention, a distributed data transmission network topology needs to be constructed first. Specifically, steps 101 and 102 described above are steps by which the data management system constructs the distributed data transmission network topology of the new energy system. The new energy system includes multiple intelligent devices, such as photovoltaic inverters, energy storage converters, battery management systems, and environmental sensors. Each intelligent device possesses local computing, storage, and communication capabilities, and these devices can be interconnected via internal links (such as RS485, CAN, Ethernet, or wireless mesh). Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, the intelligent devices of the new energy system are divided into multiple device clusters, and one intelligent device in each cluster is designated as the first gateway. The first gateway is used for data transmission within the device cluster to which it belongs. This process yields the distributed data transmission network topology of the new energy system.

[0035] The above data transmission method will be explained in detail below.

[0036] In step 101 above, the data management system can divide the intelligent devices in the new energy system into multiple device clusters during the initial site construction phase of the new energy system.

[0037] In practice, based on the equipment indicator data of all intelligent devices in the new energy system, the intelligent devices can be divided into multiple device clusters. The equipment indicator data can include the device's location information, device type, device communication interface type, communication protocol, reporting frequency, single data length, etc.

[0038] In one embodiment, step 101 above may specifically include: The location information of each intelligent device in the new energy system is clustered, and the intelligent devices are divided into multiple device clusters based on the clustering results.

[0039] In practice, the data management system acquires the location information (i.e., latitude and longitude information) of each smart device to form a location dataset. ,in, N The total number of smart devices is N indivual, i Indicates the first i A smart device Indicates the first i Longitude information of a smart device Indicates the first i Dimensional information of a smart device.

[0040] Then, clustering algorithms (such as K-Means clustering) can be used to cluster the location dataset, resulting in multiple clusters. If K-Means clustering is used, the K value can be preset or calculated and set based on parameters such as the scale of the new energy system and the amount of data. N The location information of a smart device is divided into K geographically nearest clusters (i.e., K clusters).

[0041] Finally, the smart devices corresponding to the location information in each cluster are identified as a device cluster, resulting in K device clusters.

[0042] In this way, by clustering the location information of smart devices and then dividing them into device clusters, it can be ensured that the physical locations of smart devices within the same cluster are concentrated. This results in shorter data transmission distances, less interference, more stable signal quality, and improved transmission efficiency.

[0043] It should be noted that before dividing the smart devices in the new energy system into multiple device clusters, the data management system can first determine the online and offline status of each smart device. It can divide the device clusters only for smart devices that are online, making the cluster division more in line with the actual status and avoiding interference from offline, faulty, or inactive devices with the clustering results, thus making the division more accurate.

[0044] In step 102 above, one smart device can be selected from each device cluster as the first gateway. The first gateway is the communication gateway for that device cluster, and each first gateway can communicate with the data management system.

[0045] In practical implementation, the data management system can designate any intelligent device in each device cluster as the first gateway; alternatively, it can designate the intelligent device in each device cluster that is closest to the centroid of the cluster as the first gateway; or it can designate the intelligent device in the device cluster with the best network communication quality as the first gateway. This embodiment of the invention does not limit the specific method for determining the first gateway and can be set based on actual needs. After determining the first gateway for each device cluster, the first gateway needs to declare its identity within its respective device cluster.

[0046] Based on steps 101 and 102 above, the construction of the distributed data transmission network topology of the new energy system can be completed. The data management system records the cluster information of each device cluster, including the member list information and the first gateway information of each device cluster.

[0047] In step 103 above, the data management system only receives the first data uploaded by each first gateway.

[0048] In specific implementation, the process for uploading device data of each intelligent device in the new energy system may include: each intelligent device in the device cluster obtains the network address of the first gateway of the cluster, uploads its own device data to the first gateway of the device cluster according to the network address of the first gateway, and then the first gateway uses its own resources or a designated data processing device to aggregate the device data of each intelligent device (such as compression, formatting, etc.) to form a structured data block (i.e., the first data), and uploads the data block to the data management system.

[0049] It should be noted that, except for the first gateway, other intelligent devices in each device cluster do not communicate with the data management system. They can only upload device data through the first gateway of their respective device cluster. Data uploads do not cross device clusters, achieving communication isolation. The data transmission method between the first gateway and the data management system can include wired (such as Ethernet, RS485 to gateway module) or wireless (such as 4G / 5G, Wi-Fi). Each first gateway can directly access the public network or indirectly access the public network through other network devices (such as routers), adapting to complex field network topologies. In this embodiment of the invention, the operating data of the new energy system includes not only the device data of each intelligent device but also system-level data. Among them, device data refers to the operating data of the intelligent device itself, while system-level data is the aggregated / global data at the entire system level, such as the daily power generation / consumption, cumulative power generation, self-generated and self-consumed power, and surplus power fed into the grid of the new energy system. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, system-level data also needs to be uploaded to the data management system.

[0050] In one embodiment, after step 102 above, as Figure 2 As shown, it may also include: Step 201: The data management system determines one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway. The second gateway is used to divide the system-level data of the new energy system into multiple second data and allocate the multiple second data to different first gateways. Step 202: Receive the second data uploaded by each first gateway.

[0051] In practice, the data management system can select one of the multiple primary gateways as the secondary gateway, where the secondary gateway is the primary gateway and the others are secondary gateways. Specifically, any one of the multiple primary gateways can be designated as the secondary gateway; alternatively, the primary gateway with the best network quality among the multiple primary gateways can be selected as the secondary gateway. Therefore, the data management system also records the secondary gateway information.

[0052] In one embodiment, in step 201, the data management system can determine one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway in the following manner: Obtain the bandwidth information of multiple first gateways, and determine the centroid of multiple first gateways based on their location information; If the bandwidth information of the first gateway meets the preset bandwidth conditions, the first gateway with the smallest error between its location information and centroid is determined as the second gateway.

[0053] In practice, multiple first gateways form a gateway cluster. Based on the location information of these first gateways, the centroid of the gateway cluster is determined. The data management system can then select the first gateway closest to the centroid of the gateway cluster and whose bandwidth meets preset bandwidth conditions as the second gateway. After determining the second gateway, it needs to declare its identity to the multiple first gateways. This method of determining the second gateway ensures the communication quality between the second gateway and each of the first gateways.

[0054] In practice, the second gateway is responsible for global scheduling, while the first gateway is responsible for data uploading. For uploading system-level data from the new energy system, the specific process may include: the second gateway can divide the system-level data of the new energy system into multiple data slices (i.e., second data) according to a preset granularity or preset data slice size (e.g., ≤10MB / slice), and allocate these multiple data slices to different first gateways. The multiple first gateways then upload their respective received second data to the data management system.

[0055] In this way, by establishing a hierarchical scheduling system with master-slave collaboration, the master gateway can uniformly split system-level data into multiple data slices and allocate the data slices to different slave gateways. The slave gateways then upload the data slices to the data management system, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of system-level data.

[0056] In one embodiment, considering the different loads of each first gateway, when uploading system-level data using the first gateway, in order to achieve load balancing, the second gateway can also allocate second data based on the gateway status of the first gateway. Specifically, the data management system can also use the historical operating status information and historical weight information of each first gateway to train a preset machine learning model to obtain a gateway status evaluation model; distribute the gateway status evaluation model to the second gateway; so that the second gateway can input the real-time operating status information of each first gateway into the gateway status evaluation model to obtain the real-time status evaluation information of each first gateway, and allocate multiple pieces of second data to different first gateways according to the real-time status evaluation information of each first gateway.

[0057] In practical implementation, to reduce the computational and storage resource consumption of the second gateway, a lightweight gateway status evaluation model can be trained through a data management system and then distributed to the second gateway. Specifically, the data management system can use the historical operating status information and historical weight information of each first gateway to train the gateway status evaluation model, periodically optimize the gateway status evaluation model, and distribute the latest gateway status evaluation model to the second gateway.

[0058] The historical operational status information of the first gateway may include the gateway's historical available bandwidth, historical resource idleness, historical upload success rate, historical queue length, etc.; historical weight information refers to the weights corresponding to each operational status indicator. The gateway status evaluation model can be a machine learning model, such as a multi-objective optimization model. When training the machine learning model, the weight information of each operational status indicator can be optimized with the goal of maximizing the upload success rate and minimizing the upload latency. The final gateway status evaluation model can be expressed as formula (1): (1) in, Indicates the first i Status assessment information for the first gateway. Weights representing available bandwidth Weights representing resource availability Weights representing upload success rate The weight representing the queue length of the first gateway; Indicates available bandwidth. Indicates resource availability. Indicates the upload success rate. Indicates the queue length.

[0059] The second gateway can calculate the real-time status assessment information of each first gateway based on the real-time operating status information of each first gateway, such as real-time available bandwidth, real-time resource idleness, real-time upload success rate, and real-time queue length, using the above formula. Based on the real-time status assessment information of each first gateway, the second gateway determines the amount of second data to be uploaded by the first gateway.

[0060] In this way, the second gateway can dynamically allocate data upload tasks based on the real-time capabilities of each first gateway, thereby maximizing load balancing and transmission efficiency.

[0061] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the system-level data can be obtained by the master device of the new energy system aggregating, integrating, and associating the first data of each first gateway. The master device can be a uniquely designated intelligent device of the new energy system or an additional data processing device. Furthermore, to ensure high availability, when the master device generates system-level data, the second gateway can use a lightweight distributed consistency protocol (such as simplified Raft) to synchronously back up the key metadata of the system-level data generated by the master device (such as device ownership table, shard index, upload status, and health summary) to at least two first gateways in the new energy system. This allows the new second gateway to quickly reconstruct the system context data from the backed-up first gateways after a second gateway failure.

[0062] It should also be noted that the gateway state assessment model described above can also be other types of machine learning models. The specific model structure can be determined based on actual needs, and is not limited here. Furthermore, the model training method can refer to existing technologies, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0063] In one embodiment, the data management system can also receive new device joining information sent by the target first gateway, the new device joining information including information about the smart device to be joined; the target first gateway is the first gateway of the device cluster to which the smart device to be joined belongs; and the device cluster to which the target first gateway belongs is updated according to the new device joining information.

[0064] In practice, when a new device joins, the data management system can update the member list of the device cluster to which the target first gateway belongs based on the new device joining information sent by the target first gateway of the new energy system. The target first gateway is determined through interaction and negotiation between each first gateway and the smart device to be joined.

[0065] The process of adding new devices does not require the involvement of the data management system. Instead, the first gateway of each device cluster within the new energy system directly negotiates with the smart device to be added, enabling the device to autonomously join the network. After a new device is added, the target first gateway of the device cluster to which the new device is added notifies the data management system to update the information. The process of adding new devices is described in detail in the following embodiments and will not be described here.

[0066] In this way, the network adaptation of new devices can be completed independently through direct communication and interaction between the equipment cluster of the new energy system and the smart devices to be connected, simplifying the process of adding new devices and reducing the reliance on the system's centralization.

[0067] In one embodiment, the data management system may further receive first update information sent by the second gateway; the first update information includes new first gateway information and target device cluster information; based on the first update information, the first gateway of the target device cluster is updated to the new first gateway. The new first gateway is elected by each intelligent device in the device cluster based on its respective network quality.

[0068] In practice, the device cluster can automatically trigger a re-election of the first gateway when the first gateway fails, when periodic operation and maintenance optimization is performed, or when an event-triggered dynamic optimization strategy is implemented. Specifically, the re-election of the first gateway involves interactive negotiation among the intelligent devices within the device cluster, with each device electing a gateway based on its own network quality. The data management system only needs to update the first gateway of the device cluster based on the first update information sent by the second gateway. The process of re-electing the first gateway of the device cluster is described in detail in the following embodiments and will not be described here.

[0069] In this way, through interactive negotiation among the intelligent devices in the device cluster, a new first gateway can be elected when the first gateway fails, periodic operation and maintenance optimization is implemented, or event-triggered dynamic optimization strategies are executed. This ensures the network quality of the first gateway and thus guarantees the continuity of data transmission. Furthermore, this process does not require intervention from the data management system; only after a new first gateway is elected and the data management system is notified to update the information, cluster autonomous recovery can be achieved.

[0070] In one embodiment, the data management system can also receive second update information sent by any first gateway; the second update information includes new second gateway information; and based on the second update information, the second gateway of the new energy system is updated to the first gateway corresponding to the new second gateway information.

[0071] In practice, in the event of a second gateway failure, the gateway cluster automatically triggers a re-election of a second gateway. Specifically, the re-election of the second gateway involves interactive negotiation among the first gateways within the gateway cluster, with each gateway electing a new gateway based on its own network quality. The data management system only needs to update the second gateway information of the new energy system according to the second update information sent by any of the first gateways. The process of re-electing the second gateway of the device cluster is described in detail in the following embodiments and will not be described here.

[0072] In this way, by negotiating among the first gateways within the gateway cluster, a new second gateway for the new energy system can be elected when a second gateway fails. This ensures the network quality of the second gateway and, consequently, the continuity of system-level data transmission. Furthermore, this process requires no intervention from the data management system; only an update of information is needed after the new second gateway is elected, enabling autonomous recovery of the gateway cluster.

[0073] Based on the above description, Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a new energy system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This new energy system is a distributed data transmission network topology constructed based on the data transmission method described above. Figure 3 As shown, the new energy system includes multiple device clusters; each device cluster includes multiple smart devices, and one of the multiple smart devices is the first gateway.

[0074] In specific implementation, refer to Figure 3 The new energy system comprises multiple device clusters. For example, a device cluster with smart device 2 as the first gateway includes smart devices 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; a device cluster with smart device m as the first gateway includes smart devices m, m+1, m+2, m+3, and m+4; and a device cluster with smart device n as the first gateway includes smart devices n, n+1, n+2, n+3, and n+4. The aforementioned first gateways 2, m, and n constitute a gateway cluster. The division of device clusters and the determination of the first gateway can be implemented with reference to the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0075] In this system, only the first gateways 2, m, and n establish data transmission with the data management system. This data is used to receive device data uploaded by each smart device in the device cluster to which the first gateway belongs. The device data is then aggregated to obtain first data, which is then uploaded to the data management system. Specifically, the uploading of device data from smart devices can be implemented as described in the above embodiment, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0076] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned new energy system may further include a second gateway, which is one of a plurality of first gateways; The second gateway can be used to divide the system-level data of the new energy system into multiple second data, and allocate the multiple second data to different first gateways; the first gateway can also be used to upload the second data to the data management system.

[0077] In one embodiment, the second gateway distributes multiple second data to different first gateways, which may specifically include: inputting the real-time operating status information of each first gateway into a gateway status evaluation model to obtain the real-time status evaluation information of each first gateway; the gateway status evaluation model is obtained by training a preset machine learning model using the historical operating status information and historical weight information of each first gateway; and distributing multiple second data to different first gateways according to the real-time status evaluation information of each first gateway.

[0078] It should be noted that the determination of the second gateway, the division of system-level data by the second gateway, and the allocation and uploading of the second data can all be implemented with reference to the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0079] Based on the data transmission network topology of the aforementioned new energy system, by utilizing multiple intelligent devices as gateways to form a distributed gateway architecture, multi-channel concurrent data transmission can be achieved without the need for additional dedicated hardware. This effectively overcomes the bottlenecks of single-point bandwidth and computing power, improving data transmission efficiency. Furthermore, by using a second gateway to segment system-level data and dynamically allocating data upload tasks based on the real-time capabilities of each first gateway, load balancing and transmission efficiency can be maximized.

[0080] In one embodiment, based on the above-mentioned new energy system, when new equipment needs to be added, the new equipment addition process can be implemented in the following way: Each first gateway is also used to, upon receiving location information sent by the smart device to be joined, feed back the load information of its own device cluster, the location information of the first gateway, and the network quality information to the smart device to be joined; so that the smart device to be joined can determine the target first gateway from multiple first gateways based on its own location information, the load information of the device cluster to which each first gateway belongs, the location information of each first gateway, and the network quality information, and send a new device joining request to the target first gateway. The target first gateway is used to add the smart device to its device cluster according to the new device joining request; and send the new device joining information to the data management system, which includes the information of the smart device to be joined; so that the data management system can update the cluster information of the device cluster to which the target first gateway belongs based on the new device joining information.

[0081] In specific implementation, refer to Figure 4 Add a process diagram to the new equipment. For example... Figure 4 As shown, firstly, when a new device is added, the smart device to be added broadcasts its own location information (such as latitude and longitude information) to the new energy system; each first gateway (such as first gateway 1 and first gateway 2) responds to the location information sent by the smart device to be added and feeds back the device cluster information to the smart device to be added, namely the load information of the device cluster (such as the number of smart devices in the device cluster), the location information of the first gateway (such as latitude and longitude information), and network quality information (such as transmission latency, bandwidth margin, etc.). It should be noted here that only the first gateway responds to the location information broadcast by the smart device to be added, and other non-gateway smart devices in the new energy system do not respond.

[0082] After the smart device receives the responses from each first gateway, it calculates the distance between its own location information and the location information of each first gateway. Combining this with the load information of the device cluster to which each first gateway belongs and the network quality information of each first gateway, it selects the first gateway with the lowest overall cost as the target first gateway (e.g., first gateway 1). The method for calculating the overall cost here can be a weighted calculation based on preset weights for the location distance, load information, and network quality information of each first gateway, or other methods can be used; no specific limitation is made here.

[0083] The smart device to be added sends a join request to the target first gateway. Upon receiving the new device join request, the target first gateway adds the smart device to its device cluster and sends the new device join information to the data management system to synchronize the member list of the device cluster in the data management system. The smart device to be added reports its own device data to the target first gateway (e.g., first gateway 1), and the target first gateway uploads the device data of the smart device to be added to the data management system.

[0084] In this way, when new devices are added, there is no need for manual intervention to replace them with higher-performance gateways. Through direct communication between the first gateway of the new energy system's device cluster and the smart devices to be connected, the system guides new devices to quickly join device clusters whose performance can support them, based on the location information of the first gateway and the new devices, the load capacity of the first gateway, network quality, etc., thus enhancing the scalability of the new energy system. Moreover, the addition of new devices does not require intervention from the data management system; the new energy system can independently complete the network adaptation of new devices, simplifying the new device addition process and reducing the system's reliance on centralization.

[0085] In one embodiment, the process of re-electing the first gateway of the device cluster can be implemented as follows: Each intelligent device in the device cluster is used to interact with other intelligent devices in the device cluster to exchange their respective device operation status information when the first gateway of the device cluster is re-determined, and to determine a new first gateway based on the device operation status information of each intelligent device; the new first gateway synchronizes the election results to the second gateway. The second gateway is also used to send first update information to the data management system. The first update information includes new first gateway information and target device cluster information, so that the data management system updates the first gateway of the target device cluster to the new first gateway according to the first gateway update information.

[0086] In practice, when the first gateway fails, or when periodic operation and maintenance optimization or event-triggered dynamic optimization strategies are implemented, the device cluster will automatically be triggered to re-elect the first gateway.

[0087] like Figure 5 The diagram illustrates a flowchart illustrating how a device cluster re-elects a first gateway in the event of a first gateway failure. First, the first gateway (the current first gateway) within the device cluster maintains its topology with each smart device through a heartbeat mechanism. The first gateway periodically sends heartbeat packets to each smart device in the cluster. If any smart device fails to receive a heartbeat packet from the first gateway within a preset time period, it is considered that the first gateway has failed (including device failure, communication anomalies, etc.), triggering a re-elect of a first gateway within the device cluster.

[0088] Specifically, each smart device within the device cluster broadcasts its own device operating status information, which may include the smart device's current network quality information. Information such as uplink bandwidth, packet loss rate, etc., and CPU / memory / storage idle rate. Local data volume to be uploaded Information such as...

[0089] Then, each smart device calculates its comprehensive score based on its device operation status information using the following formula (2).

[0090] (2) in, A comprehensive score for smart devices. , , The weights of the operating status indicators of each device.

[0091] The smart device with the highest overall score can be selected as the new first gateway for the device cluster.

[0092] Then, the new first gateway announces its identity to the other smart devices in the device cluster and synchronizes the election results to the second gateway. The second gateway sends a first update message to the data management system, so that the data management system updates the first gateway of the target device cluster to the new first gateway based on the update message from the first gateway.

[0093] In this way, when the primary gateway of the device cluster fails, a new primary gateway can be quickly elected based on the device operating status information of each intelligent device in the cluster, avoiding data transmission interruption and ensuring high reliability. like Figure 6The diagram illustrates a flowchart illustrating the process of triggering a re-election of the first gateway in a device cluster to execute periodic operation and maintenance optimization or event-triggered dynamic optimization strategies. The process involves triggering a re-election of the first gateway in the device cluster based on either periodic operation and maintenance optimization or an event-triggered dynamic optimization strategy. Periodic operation and maintenance optimization can be achieved by setting a fixed period (e.g., 10 minutes) for the second gateway, which then notifies each device cluster to re-elect the first gateway within each period. Alternatively, the second gateway can be configured with an event-triggered dynamic optimization strategy, initiating the re-election process when the set optimization conditions are met. Specifically, the conditions for the event-triggered dynamic optimization strategy could be, for example, continuous upload failures of the first gateway or an upload failure rate exceeding a preset threshold (e.g., >5%). The second gateway, based on the status indicators (upload failure rate information) reported by each first gateway, will notify the device cluster to initiate the re-election process if the upload failure rate of the first gateway exceeds the preset threshold. The implementation process of the re-election is the same as the process for triggering a re-election of the first gateway in the event of a first gateway failure, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0094] It should be noted that when the device cluster is triggered to re-elect the first gateway by performing periodic operation and maintenance optimization or event-triggered dynamic optimization strategies, the re-election process does not affect the ongoing data upload. The strategy of selecting a backup first and then switching over is adopted to ensure the continuity of data transmission.

[0095] In one embodiment, the process of re-electing the second gateway of the new energy system can be implemented in the following way: Each first gateway is also used to interact with other first gateways on their respective device operation status information when the second gateway of the new energy system is re-determined, and to determine a new second gateway based on the device operation status information of each first gateway; and to send second update information to the data management system, the second update information including the new second gateway information, so that the data management system updates the second gateway of the new energy system to the first gateway corresponding to the new second gateway information according to the second update information.

[0096] In practice, when the second gateway fails, a process for re-determining the second gateway for the new energy system is triggered. First, the second gateway maintains a master-slave relationship with each of the first gateways through a heartbeat mechanism. The second gateway periodically sends heartbeat packets to each of the first gateways. If any first gateway does not receive a heartbeat packet from the second gateway within a preset time period, it is considered to have failed (including equipment failure, communication anomalies, etc.), triggering the process for re-determining the second gateway for the new energy system. The implementation process for re-determining the second gateway for the new energy system is the same as the process for triggering the device cluster to re-elect the first gateway when the first gateway fails, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0097] In summary, the new energy system provided by this invention divides the intelligent devices in the new energy system into multiple device clusters, and uses one intelligent device in each cluster as the first gateway for data transmission within that cluster. This invention eliminates the need for dedicated communication gateways, allowing intelligent devices within the new energy system with public network access capabilities to dynamically act as gateways, forming a multi-channel concurrent upload architecture. This reduces costs while improving data transmission efficiency and reliability. A master-slave collaborative hierarchical scheduling system is established, where the master gateway uniformly splits system-level data and dynamically allocates data upload tasks based on the real-time capabilities of each slave gateway, achieving load balancing and high-throughput transmission. Furthermore, a gateway re-election mechanism is introduced. In cases of gateway failure, periodic optimization, or event-triggered optimization, the optimal first gateway for each device cluster is re-elected based on multi-dimensional operational status indicators of the intelligent devices, achieving adaptive optimization of the gateway role. This improves the reliability of the data transmission link and prevents data transmission link interruptions due to gateway problems, thus ensuring operational continuity.

[0098] This invention also provides a data transmission device, as described in the following embodiments. Since the principle by which this device solves the problem is similar to the data transmission method described above, the implementation of this device can be found in the implementation of the data transmission method, and repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0099] like Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This device is applied to the aforementioned data management system and may include the following: Cluster partitioning module 701 is used to divide the intelligent devices in the new energy system into multiple device clusters; The first gateway determination module 702 is used to determine a smart device in the device cluster as the first gateway; The data receiving module 703 is used to receive the first data uploaded by each first gateway. The first data is obtained by the first gateway aggregating the device data uploaded by each smart device in the device cluster to which the first gateway belongs.

[0100] In one embodiment, the cluster partitioning module 701 can be used to: cluster the location information of each smart device in the new energy system, and divide the smart devices into multiple device clusters based on the clustering results.

[0101] In one embodiment, it may further include a second gateway determination module, which is used to determine one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway, wherein the second gateway is used to divide the system-level data of the new energy system into multiple second data and allocate the multiple second data to different first gateways; The data receiving module is also used to receive the second data uploaded by each first gateway.

[0102] In one embodiment, the system may further include a model training module. This module is used to train a preset machine learning model using the historical operating status information and historical weight information of each first gateway to obtain a gateway status evaluation model. The gateway status evaluation model is then distributed to the second gateway. This allows the second gateway to input the real-time operating status information of each first gateway into the gateway status evaluation model, obtaining real-time status evaluation information for each first gateway. Based on the real-time status evaluation information of each first gateway, multiple sets of second data are allocated to different first gateways. In one embodiment, the system may further include an information update module, which is configured to receive new device joining information sent by a target first gateway, the new device joining information including information about the smart device to be joined; the target first gateway is the first gateway of the device cluster to which the smart device to be joined belongs; and update the cluster information of the device cluster to which the target first gateway belongs based on the new device joining information.

[0103] In one embodiment, the information update module is further configured to receive first update information sent by the second gateway; the first update information includes new first gateway information and target device cluster information; and update the first gateway of the target device cluster to the new first gateway according to the first update information.

[0104] In one embodiment, the information update module is further configured to receive second update information sent by any first gateway; the second update information includes new second gateway information; and update the second gateway of the new energy system to the first gateway corresponding to the new second gateway information according to the second update information.

[0105] This invention also provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the above-described data transmission method.

[0106] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described data transmission method.

[0107] This invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described data transmission method.

[0108] In this embodiment of the invention, the data management system divides the intelligent devices in the new energy system into multiple device clusters; determines one intelligent device in a device cluster as a first gateway; and receives first data uploaded by each first gateway, where the first data is obtained by aggregating the device data uploaded by each intelligent device in the device cluster to which the first gateway belongs. Compared with existing methods that use a single-point centralized gateway architecture for data transmission, this embodiment of the invention divides the intelligent devices in the new energy system into multiple device clusters, designates one intelligent device in a device cluster as a first gateway for data transmission within that cluster, and eliminates the need to deploy a dedicated communication gateway. By utilizing intelligent devices with public network capabilities to act as gateways and forming a multi-channel concurrent data transmission topology, data transmission efficiency can be improved without increasing hardware costs when dealing with the massive amounts of data in the new energy system.

[0109] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0110] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0111] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0112] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0113] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that, The data transmission method is executed by the data management system, and the method includes: The intelligent devices in the new energy system are divided into multiple device clusters; Select one smart device in the device cluster as the first gateway; Receive first data uploaded by each first gateway. The first data is obtained by the first gateway aggregating the device data uploaded by each smart device in the device cluster to which the first gateway belongs.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent devices in the new energy system are divided into multiple device clusters, including: The location information of each intelligent device in the new energy system is clustered, and the intelligent devices are divided into multiple device clusters based on the clustering results.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After identifying one smart device in the device cluster as the first gateway, the process also includes: The data management system determines one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway. The second gateway is used to divide the system-level data of the new energy system into multiple second data and allocate the multiple second data to different first gateways; and receives the second data uploaded by each first gateway.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, After the data management system determines one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway, it also includes: The data management system uses the historical operating status information and historical weight information of each first gateway to train a preset machine learning model to obtain a gateway status evaluation model; the gateway status evaluation model is then distributed to the second gateway; so that the second gateway inputs the real-time operating status information of each first gateway into the gateway status evaluation model to obtain the real-time status evaluation information of each first gateway; and based on the real-time status evaluation information of each first gateway, multiple second data are allocated to different first gateways.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After identifying one smart device in the device cluster as the first gateway, the process also includes: The data management system receives new device joining information sent by the target first gateway, the new device joining information including information about the smart device to be joined; the target first gateway is the first gateway of the device cluster to which the smart device to be joined belongs; and updates the cluster information of the device cluster to which the target first gateway belongs based on the new device joining information.

6. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, After determining one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway, the process also includes: The data management system receives first update information sent by the second gateway; the first update information includes new first gateway information and target device cluster information; based on the first update information, the first gateway of the target device cluster is updated to the new first gateway.

7. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, After determining one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway, the process also includes: The data management system receives second update information sent by any first gateway; the second update information includes new second gateway information; based on the second update information, the second gateway of the new energy system is updated to the first gateway corresponding to the new second gateway information.

8. A data transmission device, characterized in that, Applied to data management systems, including: The cluster partitioning module is used to divide the intelligent devices in the new energy system into multiple device clusters; The first gateway determination module is used to determine a smart device in the device cluster as the first gateway. The data receiving module is used to receive the first data uploaded by each first gateway. The first data is obtained by the first gateway aggregating the device data uploaded by each smart device in the device cluster to which the first gateway belongs.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a second gateway determination module, used to determine one of the multiple first gateways as the second gateway; the second gateway is used to divide the system-level data of the new energy system into multiple second data, and allocate the multiple second data to different first gateways; The data receiving module is also used to receive the second data uploaded by each first gateway.

10. A new energy system, characterized in that, The new energy system includes multiple device clusters; each device cluster includes multiple intelligent devices, and one of the multiple intelligent devices is a first gateway; Each first gateway is used to receive device data uploaded by each smart device in the device cluster to which the first gateway belongs, aggregate the device data to obtain first data, and upload the first data to the data management system.

11. The new energy system as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The new energy system also includes a second gateway, which is one of a plurality of first gateways; The second gateway is used to divide the system-level data of the new energy system into multiple second data, and to allocate the multiple second data to different first gateways; The first gateway is also used to upload the second data to the data management system.

12. The new energy system as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The second gateway distributes multiple sets of second data to different first gateways, including: The real-time operating status information of each first gateway is input into the gateway status evaluation model to obtain the real-time status evaluation information of each first gateway; the gateway status evaluation model is obtained by training a preset machine learning model using the historical operating status information and historical weight information of each first gateway. Based on the real-time status assessment information of each first gateway, multiple second data are allocated to different first gateways.

13. The new energy system as described in claim 11, characterized in that, Each first gateway is also used to, upon receiving location information sent by the smart device to be joined, feed back to the smart device to be joined the load information of its device cluster, the location information of the first gateway, and the network quality information. This enables the smart device to determine the target first gateway from multiple first gateways based on its own location information, the load information of the device cluster to which each first gateway belongs, the location information and network quality information of each first gateway, and to send a new device joining request to the target first gateway. The target first gateway is used to add the smart device to its device cluster according to the new device joining request; and send the new device joining information to the data management system, the new device joining information including the information of the smart device to be joined; so that the data management system updates the cluster information of the device cluster to which the target first gateway belongs according to the new device joining information.

14. The new energy system as described in claim 11, characterized in that, Each intelligent device in the device cluster is used to interact with other intelligent devices in the device cluster to exchange their respective device operation status information when the first gateway of the device cluster is re-determined, and to determine a new first gateway based on the device operation status information of each intelligent device; the new first gateway synchronizes the election results to the second gateway. The second gateway is also used to send first update information to the data management system. The first update information includes new first gateway information and target device cluster information, so that the data management system updates the first gateway of the target device cluster to the new first gateway according to the first gateway update information.

15. The new energy system as described in claim 11, characterized in that, Each first gateway is also used to interact with other first gateways to exchange their respective equipment operation status information when the second gateway of the new energy system is re-determined, and to determine a new second gateway based on the equipment operation status information of each first gateway. The system sends a second update message to the data management system. The second update message includes new second gateway information, so that the data management system can update the second gateway of the new energy system to the first gateway corresponding to the new second gateway information based on the second update message.

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