A high-sorghum fertilization and seeding integrated seeder

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery equipment, and discloses a high-sorghum fertilizing and seeding integrated seeder, which comprises a seed box, a chemical fertilizer box and a fan, the bottom of the seed box is provided with an inclined ejector seed metering device, the bottom of the chemical fertilizer box is provided with a fertilizer distributor, the outlet of the fan is provided with manifold one, the end of manifold one is communicated with the bottom of the ejector seed metering device, manifold two is arranged on the top of the ejector seed metering device, and manifold two is communicated with the fertilizer distributor.The present application has the advantages that in the process of negative pressure air suction seed metering, the seeds are in contact with silica gel suction holes, the mechanical damage to the seeds is reduced, the seeds are sent into the seed metering pipe through the elasticity of the silica gel valve, the phenomenon that the seeds cannot enter the seed metering pipe smoothly is avoided, the fan airflow generates an ejecting effect in the fertilizer distributor to form negative pressure, the granular impurities in the seeds are avoided from being sucked by the fan, the air suction seed metering and air blowing fertilization are simultaneously completed by the single fan, the device structure is simplified, and the equipment cost and maintenance cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, specifically to a sorghum fertilization and sowing integrated seeder. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional sorghum seeders mainly use external grooved wheel seed metering devices, internal grooved wheel seed metering devices, or mechanical seed metering devices. Among them, the external grooved wheel seed metering device is the most common device. Its working principle is to use the friction force of the outer groove of the grooved wheel to drive the seeds during rotation, and to achieve sowing by adjusting the opening of the seed metering tongue.

[0003] In traditional external grooved wheel seed metering devices, seeds rub directly against the metal grooved wheel during the seed metering process. For medium-sized seeds (such as sorghum), this direct friction causes seed coat damage. Although the existing technology has relatively good seed metering stability, pulsation still exists, resulting in uneven seed flow and exacerbating seed damage.

[0004] Traditional equipment generally uses a fan to directly suck up seeds for air suction and discharge. During operation, the fan is prone to sucking in particulate impurities (such as straw fragments and soil particles) and fertilizer dust from the seeds, which leads to problems such as accelerated wear of the fan impeller and overheating of the bearing. In particular, the fine dust (with a diameter of 0.1μm or more) generated during the production of high-tower granulated compound fertilizer can easily adhere to the inside of the fan, disrupt the dynamic balance of the impeller, and cause increased vibration and noise.

[0005] Traditional seed metering devices, due to structural limitations, exhibit significant pulsation during the sowing process, resulting in uneven seed distribution. This affects the growth and yield of sorghum, and the unevenness is particularly pronounced on complex terrain or uneven plots. Seeds cannot be correctly delivered to the sowing pipes, further reducing the sowing quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that existing fertilizer-seeding integrated machines easily damage sorghum seeds, the fan easily sucks in particles, and the seeds cannot accurately enter the conveying pipe. This invention provides a sorghum fertilizer-seeding integrated seeder.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A sorghum fertilization and sowing integrated seeder includes a seed box, a fertilizer box, and a fan. The bottom of the seed box is equipped with an inclined seed ejector, the bottom of the fertilizer box is equipped with a fertilizer dispenser, the fan outlet is equipped with a manifold one, the end of the manifold one is connected to the bottom of the seed ejector, the top of the seed ejector is connected to a manifold two, and the manifold two is connected to the fertilizer dispenser.

[0008] The seed ejector consists of a worm gear reducer, a seed metering box, a seed metering disc, an ejector nozzle, and an ejector tube. The ejector tube converges in the middle and expands at both ends. One end is connected to manifold 2, and the other end is connected to the ejector nozzle. The ejector nozzle extends into the expanded section of the ejector tube. An air duct is provided on the ejector nozzle and is connected to manifold 1. The seed metering disc is rotatably sleeved on the air duct. The seed metering box is installed on the outside of the end of the ejector nozzle with the air duct. A seed delivery pipe is provided on the top of the seed metering box and is connected to the bottom of the seed box. The worm gear reducer is installed on the seed metering box, and the seed metering disc is powered by the worm gear inside the worm gear reducer.

[0009] Furthermore, the seed metering disc has multiple silicone suction holes around its circumference, and the outer ring of the ejector nozzle has an annular air intake groove aligned with the silicone suction holes. Multiple air intake holes are arranged around the annular air intake groove to connect the ejector tube to the seed metering box.

[0010] Furthermore, the silicone suction hole is provided with a concave silicone valve, and the silicone valve has a through hole in the center.

[0011] Furthermore, the seed metering box is provided with a seed metering tube on the side near the air guide plug, and the end of the seed metering tube is provided with an opening facing the silicone suction hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the ejector tube has a pressure relief hole on one side and an air guide plug inside the ejector tube. The air guide plug is hollow inside, with a guide hole one at one end communicating with the air guide hole, and a guide hole two on the side communicating with the pressure relief hole.

[0013] Furthermore, a seed metering motor is provided at the bottom of the seed box. The seed metering motor has an output shaft that is poweredly connected to the input end of a worm gear reducer. The seed metering motor drives the output shaft to rotate, thereby causing the seed metering disc to rotate.

[0014] Furthermore, the fertilizer dispenser has an internal cavity with a fertilizer wheel rotatably connected inside the cavity. The side of the fertilizer dispenser has a vertical air duct one and an L-shaped air duct two. The side of the air duct two is connected to the cavity, and the top is connected to the air duct one. The top of the cavity is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the fertilizer discharger is provided with an air guide pipe, one end of which is connected to the air duct 1 and the other end is connected to the manifold 2. A fertilizer discharge pipe is provided on the outside of the fertilizer discharger and is connected to the air duct 2.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the fertilizer box is equipped with a fertilizer discharge motor, which has an output shaft two. The output shaft two is poweredly connected to the fertilizer discharge wheel. The fertilizer discharge motor drives the fertilizer discharge wheel to rotate through the output shaft two, which rotates and pushes the fertilizer particles in the fertilizer box into the air duct two.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] During the negative pressure air suction and seed dispensing process, the seeds come into contact with the silicone suction holes, reducing mechanical damage to the seeds.

[0019] The seeds are delivered into the seed metering pipe by the elasticity of the silicone valve, which can prevent the seeds from failing to enter the seed metering pipe when cultivating sloping farmland.

[0020] Instead of generating negative pressure through air intake and suction by a fan, the negative pressure is created by the airflow from the fan within the seed ejector, thus preventing the fan from drawing in particulate impurities from the seeds and extending the fan's lifespan.

[0021] A single fan can simultaneously perform air suction seeding and air blowing fertilization, simplifying the device structure and reducing equipment and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the back side of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the seed ejector of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the seed ejector of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the seed metering box of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the silicone suction hole structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the seed metering disc of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the ejector nozzle of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the air guide plug of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the fertilizer discharge device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 It is attached Figure 10 An enlarged schematic diagram of point a in the middle.

[0033] As shown in the figure: 1. Seed box, 2. Fertilizer box, 3. Fan, 4. Manifold 1, 5. Seed ejector, 6. Seed metering motor, 7. Output shaft 1, 8. Manifold 2, 9. Fertilizer dispenser, 10. Fertilizer metering motor, 11. Output shaft 2, 12. Worm gear reducer, 13. Seed metering box, 14. Seed metering disc, 15. Fixing ring, 16. Injector nozzle, 17. Injector tube, 18. Brush, 19. Seed metering tube. 20. Silicone suction hole; 21. Air guide plug; 22. Pressure relief hole; 23. Limiting hole seat; 24. Limiting hole; 25. Seed delivery tube; 26. Annular air intake groove; 27. Air intake hole; 28. Air intake tube; 29. ​​Guide hole one; 30. Guide hole two; 31. Cavity; 32. Air duct one; 33. Air duct two; 34. Air guide tube; 35. Fertilizer discharge tube; 36. Fertilizer discharge wheel; 37. Silicone valve; 38. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Combined with appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 A sorghum fertilization and sowing integrated seeder includes a seed box 1, a fertilizer box 2, and a fan 3. The bottom of the seed box 1 is equipped with an inclined seed ejector 5, the bottom of the fertilizer box 2 is equipped with a fertilizer ejector 9, the outlet of the fan 3 is equipped with a manifold 4, the end of the manifold 4 is connected to the bottom of the seed ejector 5, the top of the seed ejector 5 is connected with a manifold 8, and the manifold 8 is connected to the fertilizer ejector 9.

[0036] Combined with appendix Figure 3 Appendix Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 The seed ejector 5 consists of a worm gear reducer 12, a seed box 13, a seed plate 14, an ejector nozzle 16, and an ejector tube 17. The ejector tube 17 converges in the middle and expands at both ends. One end is connected to the manifold 8, and the other end is connected to the ejector nozzle 16. The ejector nozzle 16 extends into the expanded section of the ejector tube 17. An air duct 28 is provided on the ejector nozzle 16 and is connected to the manifold 4. The seed plate 14 is rotatably sleeved on the air duct 28. The seed box 13 is installed on the outside of the end of the ejector nozzle 16 with the air duct 28, and the seed box 13 wraps around the seed plate 14. A seed delivery pipe 25 is provided at the top of the seed box 1 and is connected to the bottom of the seed box 1. The worm gear reducer 12 is installed on the seed box 13. The seed plate 14 is powered by the worm gear inside the worm gear reducer 12. Multiple brushes 18 are provided inside the seed box 13.

[0037] The blower 3 sends airflow into the ejector nozzle 16 through the manifold 4, and then sprays it into the ejector tube 17 from the ejector nozzle 16. The airflow first enters the converging section of the ejector tube 17, where it is depressurized and accelerated, and then exits through the expanding section at the other end. The airflow in the ejector tube 17 causes the air in the cavity near the ejector nozzle 16 to be discharged along with the airflow from the blower 3 under the low-pressure attraction at the converging end, resulting in a low-pressure cavity inside the cavity where the ejector nozzle 16 and the ejector tube 17 are connected.

[0038] Combined with appendix Figure 6 Appendix Figure 7 and attached Figure 8 The seed metering tray 14 is provided with multiple limiting hole seats 23 around its circumference. A silicone suction hole 20 is fitted on the limiting hole seat 23. The seed metering tray 14 is provided with a fixing ring 15. The fixing ring 15 is provided with multiple limiting holes 24 around its circumference to match the silicone suction hole 20. The outer ring of the ejector nozzle 16 is provided with an annular air duct 26. The annular air duct 26 is aligned with the silicone suction hole 20. Multiple air duct holes 27 are provided around the annular air duct 26 to connect the ejector tube 17 to the seed metering box 13. The silicone suction hole 20 is provided with a concave silicone valve 37. A through hole 38 is provided in the center of the silicone valve 37.

[0039] Because the cavity inside the ejector nozzle 16 connected to the ejector tube 17 is under low pressure, while the inside of the seed metering box 13 is under normal pressure, the airflow inside the seed metering box 13 passes through the silicone suction hole 20, the annular air groove 26 and the air hole 27 in sequence and enters the ejector tube 17, and is driven to the outside by the airflow of the fan 3. The negative pressure suction inside the seed metering box 13 is achieved in the above manner.

[0040] After the seeds to be sown are filled into the seed metering box 13, under the negative pressure suction action mentioned above, the seed particles are driven by the airflow and stuck into the concave part of the silicone valve 37. Under the pressure difference on both sides, the seeds push the silicone valve 37 to deform, thereby achieving the clamping of the seeds.

[0041] Combined with appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 4 Appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 The bottom of the seed box 1 is equipped with a seed metering motor 6. The seed metering motor 6 has an output shaft 7 that is connected to the input end of the worm gear reducer 12. The seed metering motor 6 drives the output shaft 7 to rotate, which in turn drives the seed metering disc 14 to rotate. The seeds in the seed box 1 enter the seed metering box 13 through the seed delivery pipe 25. The seed metering motor 6 drives the seed metering disc 14 to rotate in the seed metering box 13, continuously inserting the seeds into the concave part of the silicone valve 37.

[0042] Combined with appendix Figure 4 Appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 9The seed metering box 13 is provided with a seed metering tube 19 on the side near the air guide plug 21. The end of the seed metering tube 19 is provided with an opening facing the silicone suction hole 20. The ejector tube 17 is provided with a pressure relief hole 22 on one side. The ejector tube 17 is provided with an air guide plug 21. The air guide plug 21 is hollow inside. The end is provided with a guide hole 29 communicating with the air guide hole 27, and the side is provided with a guide hole 30 communicating with the pressure relief hole 22.

[0043] Since the air guide plug 21 is connected to the outside atmosphere through the pressure relief hole 22, as the seed metering disc 14 rotates continuously, if the silicone suction hole 20 sucks in multiple seeds, the brush 18 can sweep away the excess seeds when the seed metering disc 14 rotates. The silicone suction hole 20 holding the seeds will rotate to align with the guide hole 29. At this time, the air pressure on both sides of the silicone suction hole 20 is equal and there is no pressure difference. The silicone valve 37, which was previously deformed by the seeds, pushes the seeds in the opposite direction under its own elastic force. Since there is a seed metering tube 19 here, the seeds are sent into the seed metering tube 19 under the elastic force of the silicone valve 37 to achieve outward seeding.

[0044] Combined with appendix Figure 10 and attached Figure 11 The fertilizer discharger 9 has a cavity 31 inside, and a fertilizer discharge wheel 36 is rotatably connected inside the cavity 31. The fertilizer discharger 9 has a vertical air duct 32 and an L-shaped air duct 33 on its side. The side of the air duct 33 is connected to the cavity 31, and the top is connected to the air duct 32. The top of the cavity 31 is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box 2. The bottom of the fertilizer discharger 9 has a guide pipe 34. One end of the guide pipe 34 is connected to the air duct 32, and the other end is connected to the manifold 8. The outside of the fertilizer discharger 9 has a fertilizer discharge pipe 35 connected to the air duct 33.

[0045] Combined with appendix Figure 10 and attached Figure 11 The fertilizer box 2 is equipped with a fertilizer discharge motor 10 at the bottom. The fertilizer discharge motor 10 is equipped with an output shaft 2 11, which is powered by the fertilizer discharge wheel 36. The fertilizer discharge motor 10 drives the fertilizer discharge wheel 36 to rotate through the output shaft 2 11, which rotates and moves the fertilizer particles in the fertilizer box 2 into the air duct 2 33.

[0046] After the airflow delivered by the blower 3 leaves the ejector pipe 17, it passes through the manifold 2 8 and the air guide pipe 34 and enters the air duct 1 32. At the top of the air duct 1 32, it is deflected and enters the air duct 2 33. The fertilizer discharge motor 10 drives the fertilizer discharge wheel 36 to rotate and rotate the fertilizer particles in the fertilizer box 2 into the air duct 2 33. The airflow in the air duct 2 33 carries the fertilizer particles into the fertilizer discharge pipe 35, thereby realizing the air blowing delivery of fertilizer.

[0047] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art, inspired by this description, design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A sorghum fertilization and sowing integrated seeder, comprising a seed box (1), a fertilizer box (2), and a fan (3), characterized in that: The bottom of the seed box (1) is equipped with an inclined seed ejector (5), the bottom of the fertilizer box (2) is equipped with a fertilizer dispenser (9), the outlet of the fan (3) is equipped with a manifold (4), the end of the manifold (4) is connected to the bottom of the seed ejector (5), the top of the seed ejector (5) is connected to a manifold (8), and the manifold (8) is connected to the fertilizer dispenser (9); The seed ejector (5) consists of a worm gear reducer (12), a seed box (13), a seed plate (14), an ejector nozzle (16), and an ejector tube (17). The ejector tube (17) converges in the middle and expands at both ends. One end is connected to the second manifold (8), and the other end is connected to the ejector nozzle (16). The ejector nozzle (16) extends into the expanded section of the ejector tube (17). An air duct (2) is provided on the ejector nozzle (16). 8) Connected to manifold 1 (4), the seed metering disc (14) is rotated and sleeved outside the air intake pipe (28), the seed metering box (13) is installed on the outside of the end of the ejector nozzle (16) with the air intake pipe (28), the top of the seed metering box (13) is provided with a seed delivery pipe (25) which is connected to the bottom of the seed box (1), the worm gear reducer (12) is installed on the seed metering box (13), and the seed metering disc (14) is connected to the worm gear in the worm gear reducer (12) for power connection; The seeding tray (14) is provided with multiple silicone suction holes (20) around its perimeter. Each silicone suction hole (20) is provided with a concave silicone valve (37). The center of the silicone valve (37) is provided with a through hole (38). The ejector tube (17) is provided with an air guide plug (21). The air guide plug (21) is hollow inside, with a guide hole one (29) at its end and a guide hole two (30) on its side. The cavity inside the ejector nozzle (16) connected to the ejector tube (17) is under low pressure, while the inside of the seed box (13) is under normal pressure. Driven by the pressure difference on both sides, the airflow inside the seed box (13) enters the ejector tube (17) through the silicone suction hole (20) and is driven out by the airflow of the fan (3), thus realizing negative pressure suction inside the seed box (13).

2. The sorghum fertilization and sowing integrated seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the ejector nozzle (16) is provided with an annular air intake groove (26), which is aligned with the silicone suction hole (20). Multiple air intake holes (27) are provided around the annular air intake groove (26). One of the multiple air intake holes (27) near the air guide plug (21) is connected to the guide hole (29), and the rest connect the ejector tube (17) to the seed box (13).

3. The sorghum fertilization and sowing integrated seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ejector tube (17) has a pressure relief hole (22) on one side, and the pressure relief hole (22) is connected to the guide hole (30).

4. The sorghum fertilization and sowing integrated seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed metering box (13) has a seed metering tube (19) on the side near the air guide plug (21), and the end of the seed metering tube (19) has an opening facing the silicone suction hole (20).

5. The sorghum fertilization and sowing integrated seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed box (1) is equipped with a seed metering motor (6) at the bottom. The seed metering motor (6) has an output shaft (7) that is connected to the input end of the worm gear reducer (12). The seed metering motor (6) drives the output shaft (7) to rotate, thereby rotating the seed metering disc (14).

6. The sorghum fertilization and sowing integrated seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer dispenser (9) has a cavity (31) inside, and a fertilizer wheel (36) is rotatably connected inside the cavity (31). The side of the fertilizer dispenser (9) has a vertical air duct one (32) and an L-shaped air duct two (33). The side of the air duct two (33) is connected to the cavity (31), and the top is connected to the air duct one (32). The top of the cavity (31) is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box (2).

7. The sorghum fertilization and sowing integrated seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the fertilizer discharger (9) is provided with an air guide pipe (34), one end of which is connected to the first air duct (32) and the other end is connected to the second manifold (8). The outside of the fertilizer discharger (9) is provided with a fertilizer discharge pipe (35) which is connected to the second air duct (33).

8. The sorghum fertilization and sowing integrated seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fertilizer box (2) is equipped with a fertilizer discharge motor (10) at the bottom. The fertilizer discharge motor (10) is equipped with an output shaft (11). The output shaft (11) is connected to the fertilizer discharge wheel (36). The fertilizer discharge motor (10) drives the fertilizer discharge wheel (36) to rotate through the output shaft (11) to rotate and push the fertilizer particles in the fertilizer box (2) into the air duct (33).

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