A cigar planting, cultivating and primary processing integrated production system

Abstract

The application discloses a cigar planting cultivation and primary processing integrated production system, and belongs to the field of agricultural engineering technology and tobacco processing technology, and comprises a continuous greenhouse, an intelligent water and fertilizer circulation subsystem, a distributed environment control subsystem, a growth and processing monitoring network and a central intelligent control and management platform. The application realizes true integration of planting and processing, breaks the space and information barriers between planting and processing, realizes seamless control from seedling raising to curing products through a unified platform, ensures accurate implementation and traceability of the production process, greatly improves product quality and consistency, and ensures production of high-quality raw materials through precise water and fertilizer management. The "individualized" self-adaptive curing process based on growth data enables each batch of tobacco leaves to complete material conversion under the most suitable curve, and significantly improves the proportion of superior tobacco, aroma quality and batch stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of agricultural engineering technology and tobacco processing technology, and in particular to an integrated production system for cigar tobacco planting, cultivation and primary processing. Background Technology

[0002] Cigar tobacco is a high-end category of tobacco, and its quality and value are mainly determined by two major stages: field cultivation (especially water and fertilizer management) and initial processing after harvesting (mainly drying).

[0003] Current mainstream production methods have inherent flaws:

[0004] The planting process is fragmented and extensive: cultivation is mostly carried out in open fields, relying on manual experience for irrigation and fertilization. The supply of water and fertilizer is uneven in time and space, making it difficult to supply according to the precise needs of tobacco plants at different growth stages (seedling establishment, root extension, vigorous growth, maturity). This leads to unstable accumulation and coordination of the internal chemical components of tobacco leaves (such as total sugar, nicotine, and total nitrogen), leaving inherent differences for subsequent processing.

[0005] The initial processing stage is uncontrollable: Traditional drying is carried out in naturally ventilated drying rooms, which are completely subject to the external climate. Drastic fluctuations in temperature and humidity make it difficult for the enzymatic reaction (yellowing stage) and drying and color fixing process of tobacco leaves to follow the ideal process curve, which can easily lead to problems such as green marks, browning, and mold. The yield is low, the aroma substances (such as cephalosporins and browning reaction products) are not fully formed, and there are large batch-to-batch differences in quality.

[0006] Information flow and logistics are disconnected: Planting records (water and fertilizer history, pest and disease records) are not linked to processing parameters, making it impossible to implement "tailored treatment" for the specific needs of the tobacco plants. The transportation of fresh tobacco leaves from the field to the drying room also increases the risk of damage and contamination, hindering quality traceability and precise control throughout the entire process.

[0007] Low resource utilization efficiency: The two links operate independently, and facilities, energy, water resources, etc. cannot be optimized in a coordinated manner, resulting in high overall energy and material consumption.

[0008] While some patents involve integrated water and fertilizer management for tobacco or automated control of drying rooms, they are limited to improvements in a single stage and fail to address the systemic disconnect between planting and primary processing. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative system that can achieve integrated, digitalized, and controllable production of cigar tobacco leaves from transplanting to drying and rolling. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated production system for cigar tobacco planting, cultivation and primary processing. Through facility integration, data sharing and intelligent decision-making, the entire cigar tobacco production process can be controlled, precise and efficient, aiming to stabilize and improve the sensory quality and industrial usability of tobacco leaves, while reducing resource consumption and labor dependence.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0011] An integrated production system for cigar tobacco cultivation and primary processing includes a multi-span greenhouse, an intelligent water and fertilizer recycling subsystem, a distributed environmental control subsystem, a growth and processing monitoring network, and a central intelligent control and management platform. The multi-span greenhouse comprises a structurally connected cultivation area and a primary processing and drying area, with a sealed logistics transfer channel between the two areas. The intelligent water and fertilizer recycling subsystem enables precise water and fertilizer supply and wastewater recycling in the cultivation area. The distributed environmental control subsystem independently regulates the climate environment of the cultivation area and each drying unit. The growth and processing monitoring network collects crop physiological and processing physicochemical information throughout the entire process from planting to drying. The central intelligent control and management platform communicates with and controls all the above subsystems and networks, and its built-in digital model library and expert decision-making system are used to formulate and execute adaptive primary processing techniques for each batch of tobacco leaves based on planting period data.

[0012] Preferably, the planting and cultivation area is a Venlo-style or large-span multi-span greenhouse or sunshade, with a movable internal shading and heat preservation curtain and supplemental LED light strips on the top, and an elevated cultivation trough or off-ground cultivation bed on the ground.

[0013] Preferably, the initial processing and drying area is a light steel structure building with high airtightness and heat insulation performance. The internal space is divided into multiple independent modular drying units by vertical partitions. Each unit is equipped with a programmable and movable multi-layer suspension track system for carrying strings of cigarette clips.

[0014] Preferably, the multi-layer suspended track system within the modular drying unit has lifting and lateral movement functions, which can automatically adjust the spacing between the tobacco clips at different drying stages to optimize airflow distribution.

[0015] Preferably, the intelligent water and fertilizer recycling subsystem includes a monitoring module, a supply module, and a recycling and processing module. The monitoring module includes soil three-parameter sensors and drainage collection sensors installed at the root of each cultivation unit in the planting area. The supply module includes a raw water treatment device, a group of mother liquor tanks, an intelligent fertilizer mixer, a real-time pH monitoring and adjustment instrument, a pressurized variable frequency pump, and drip irrigation tapes or seepage pipes distributed at the end of the cultivation area. The recycling and processing module includes an underground drainage collection pipe network, a physical filtration device, an ultraviolet or ozone disinfection device, and an online detection and dynamic replenishment device for nutrient solution components. The treated nutrient solution can be partially returned to the fertilizer mixer.

[0016] Preferably, the distributed environmental control subsystem includes a planting area environmental module and a drying area environmental module. The planting area environmental module includes a greenhouse environmental control host that controls the skylight, side windows, wet curtain fans, internal circulation fans, heat pump heating system, CO2 fertilization system, and high-pressure mist humidification system.

[0017] Preferably, the growth and processing monitoring network includes a track-mounted multispectral imager and a chlorophyll fluorescence monitor installed in the planting area for regularly acquiring plant canopy spectral indices and photosynthetic physiological parameters, and a near-infrared spectral online detection probe and an electronic nose sensor array installed in the drying unit.

[0018] Preferably, the central intelligent control and management platform adopts an industrial computer or cloud server, and has a built-in digital model library for the entire production cycle of cigars and an expert decision-making system.

[0019] Preferably, the central intelligent control and management platform is equipped with a user interaction terminal and a mobile APP, providing functions such as visual data dashboards, process curve editing, abnormal alarms, and remote control.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes a biological control and air disinfection module, which regularly releases natural enemy insects in the planting area and installs ultraviolet photocatalytic disinfection devices in the ventilation system of the two areas to achieve green control.

[0021] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0022] This invention achieves true integrated and fully controllable planting and processing: it breaks down spatial and informational barriers between planting and processing, enabling seamless control from seedling cultivation to dried products through a unified platform, ensuring precise execution and traceability of the production process; it greatly improves product quality and consistency, with precise water and fertilizer management guaranteeing the production of high-quality raw materials; and the "personalized" adaptive drying process based on growth data allows each batch of tobacco leaves to complete material transformation under the most suitable curve, significantly improving the proportion of high-grade tobacco, aroma quality, and batch stability. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0025] The system includes: 1. Connected greenhouses; 2. Planting and cultivation area; 3. Preliminary processing and drying area; 4. Distributed environmental control subsystem; 5. Growth and processing monitoring network; 6. Intelligent water and fertilizer recycling subsystem; and 7. Central intelligent control and management platform. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated production system for cigar tobacco planting, cultivation and primary processing. Through facility integration, data sharing and intelligent decision-making, the entire cigar tobacco production process can be controlled, precise and efficient, aiming to stabilize and improve the sensory quality and industrial usability of tobacco leaves, while reducing resource consumption and labor dependence.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] refer to Figure 1 An integrated production system for cigar tobacco cultivation and primary processing is disclosed, comprising a multi-span greenhouse, an intelligent water and fertilizer recycling subsystem, a distributed environmental control subsystem, a growth and processing monitoring network, and a central intelligent control and management platform. The multi-span greenhouse includes structurally connected planting and cultivation areas and primary processing and drying areas, connected by a sealed logistics transfer channel. The intelligent water and fertilizer recycling subsystem enables precise water and fertilizer supply and waste liquid recycling in the planting and cultivation areas. The distributed environmental control subsystem independently regulates the climate environment of the planting and cultivation areas and each drying unit. The growth and processing monitoring network collects crop physiological and processing physicochemical information throughout the entire process from planting to drying. The central intelligent control and management platform communicates with and controls all the above subsystems and networks, and its built-in digital model library and expert decision-making system are used to formulate and execute adaptive primary processing techniques for each batch of tobacco leaves based on planting period data. This invention achieves true integrated and fully controllable planting and production: breaking down spatial and information barriers between planting and processing, achieving seamless control from seedling to dried product through a unified platform, ensuring precise execution and traceability of the production process; and greatly improving product quality and consistency. Precise water and fertilizer management ensures the production of high-quality raw materials; the "personalized" adaptive drying process based on growth data enables each batch of tobacco leaves to complete the material transformation under the most suitable curve, significantly improving the proportion of high-grade tobacco, aroma quality and batch stability.

[0030] Furthermore, the planting and cultivation area is a Venlo-style or large-span multi-span greenhouse or sunshade, with a movable internal shading and heat preservation curtain and supplemental LED light strips on the top, and elevated cultivation troughs or off-ground cultivation beds on the ground.

[0031] Furthermore, the initial processing and drying area is a light steel structure building with high airtightness and thermal insulation performance. The interior space is divided into multiple independent modular drying units by vertical partitions. Each unit is equipped with a programmable and movable multi-layer suspension track system for carrying strings of cigarette clips.

[0032] Furthermore, the multi-layer suspended track system within the modular drying unit has lifting and lateral movement functions, which can automatically adjust the spacing between the tobacco clips at different drying stages to optimize airflow distribution.

[0033] Furthermore, the intelligent water and fertilizer recycling subsystem includes a monitoring module, a supply module, and a recycling and treatment module. The monitoring module includes soil three-parameter sensors and drainage collection sensors installed at the root of each cultivation unit in the planting area. The supply module includes a raw water treatment device, a group of mother liquor tanks, an intelligent fertilizer mixer, a real-time pH monitoring and adjustment instrument, a pressurized variable frequency pump, and drip irrigation tapes or seepage pipes distributed at the end of the cultivation area. The recycling and treatment module includes an underground drainage collection pipe network, a physical filtration device, an ultraviolet or ozone disinfection device, and an online detection and dynamic replenishment device for nutrient solution components. The treated nutrient solution can be partially returned to the fertilizer mixer.

[0034] Furthermore, the distributed environmental control subsystem includes a planting area environmental module and a drying area environmental module. The planting area environmental module includes a greenhouse environmental control host that controls the skylight, side windows, wet curtain fans, internal circulation fans, heat pump heating system, CO2 fertilization system, and high-pressure mist humidification system.

[0035] Furthermore, the growth and processing monitoring network includes a track-mounted multispectral imager and a chlorophyll fluorescence monitor installed in the planting area to regularly acquire plant canopy spectral indices and photosynthetic physiological parameters, and an online near-infrared spectral detection probe and an electronic nose sensor array installed in the drying unit.

[0036] Furthermore, the central intelligent control and management platform uses industrial computers or cloud servers, and has a built-in digital model library for the entire production cycle of cigars and an expert decision-making system.

[0037] The central intelligent control and management platform integrates all sensor data to establish a digital twin of the entire process from planting to processing.

[0038] Model-driven control: During the planting stage, instructions for water and fertilizer formulas, irrigation frequency, and environmental target parameters are dynamically issued based on tobacco plant growth model and real-time sensor data.

[0039] Adaptive processing control is implemented: When tobacco leaves are harvested, the system generates a unique ID for each batch of tobacco leaves, linking it to all data from its planting period. Based on the variety, part of the plant, and historical growth data (such as cumulative nitrogen fertilizer amount and chlorophyll content at maturity) of that batch of tobacco leaves, the platform matches and fine-tunes the optimal drying process curve (temperature-humidity-time curve) from the model library and assigns it to one or more drying units for execution.

[0040] Achieve coordinated resource scheduling: Optimize energy and material flow within the system. For example, store surplus heat energy from the planting area during the day for nighttime insulation of the drying area; recover condensate from the dehumidifiers in the drying area for irrigation of the planting area or replenishment of the wet curtains.

[0041] Furthermore, the central intelligent control and management platform is equipped with a user interaction terminal and a mobile APP, providing functions such as visual data dashboards, process curve editing, anomaly alarms, and remote control.

[0042] Furthermore, it also includes a biological control and air disinfection module, which regularly releases natural enemy insects in the planting area and installs ultraviolet photocatalytic disinfection devices in the ventilation systems of both areas to achieve green control.

[0043] The specific implementation process of this invention is as follows:

[0044] Planting Stage: After transplanting, the central platform initiates the "seedling recovery period" program, maintaining high air humidity and controlling the nutrient solution EC value at 1.2 mS / cm. Entering the vigorous growth stage, a track-based multispectral analyzer scan shows locally low NDVI values. The platform instructs the water and fertilizer subsystem to increase irrigation in that area by 20% and fine-tune the nitrogen-potassium ratio in the nutrient solution. All irrigation runoff is recycled, and approximately 65% ​​is reused after treatment.

[0045] Harvesting and Transportation: After the tobacco processing technology is mature, workers wearing RFID handheld terminals harvest the tobacco leaves, clipping them into tobacco clips with RFID tags. The leaves are then transported to the drying area through a buffer channel, where the system scans the tags on the tobacco clips and automatically reads the corresponding planting data for that batch.

[0046] During the drying stage: Based on data from this batch of tobacco leaves (e.g., middle leaves, with a higher average NDVI during the growing period), the central platform selects the "middle leaf - slow yellowing" basic process curve. Due to historically high EC values, the target humidity for the "yellowing stage" is automatically lowered from 78% to 75% to avoid excessive color darkening. Subsequently, this batch is assigned to drying units No. 3 and No. 4. During the 45-day drying period, the dehumidification and temperature control units strictly follow the curve. Near-infrared sensors provide weekly feedback on moisture and total nitrogen data, which the platform uses to fine-tune the temperature during the later "drying stage" to ensure thorough drying while preventing aroma loss.

[0047] Resource synergy: During winter production, the planting area uses sunlight to store heat during the day, and at night, a water circulation system transfers some of the heat to the drying area, reducing its heating energy consumption.

[0048] After one year of operation, the yield of dried tobacco leaves for cigar wrappers (meeting industrial grade standards) increased from about 70% in the traditional model to 93%, sensory rating consistency improved significantly, and water and fertilizer costs per unit output decreased by more than 40%.

[0049] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. An integrated production system for cigar tobacco cultivation and primary processing, characterized in that, It includes a multi-span greenhouse, an intelligent water and fertilizer recycling subsystem, a distributed environmental control subsystem, a growth and processing monitoring network, and a central intelligent control and management platform; The connected greenhouse includes a planting and cultivation area and a primary processing and drying area that are structurally connected, with a closed logistics transfer channel between the two areas. The intelligent water and fertilizer recycling subsystem is used to achieve precise water and fertilizer supply and waste liquid recycling and treatment in the planting and cultivation area. The distributed environmental control subsystem independently regulates the climate environment of the planting and cultivation area and each drying unit. The growth and processing monitoring network is used to collect crop physiological and processing physicochemical information throughout the entire process from planting to drying; The central intelligent control and management platform communicates with and controls all the above subsystems and networks. Its built-in digital model library and expert decision-making system are used to formulate and execute adaptive primary processing technology for each batch of tobacco leaves based on planting period data.

2. The integrated production system for cigar tobacco planting, cultivation, and primary processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planting and cultivation area is a Venlo-style or large-span multi-span greenhouse or sunshade, with a movable internal shading and heat preservation curtain and supplemental LED light strips on the top, and elevated cultivation troughs or off-ground cultivation beds on the ground.

3. The integrated production system for cigar tobacco planting, cultivation, and primary processing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The initial processing and drying area is a light steel structure building with high airtightness and heat insulation performance. The interior space is divided into multiple independent modular drying units by vertical partitions. Each unit is equipped with a programmable and movable multi-layer suspension track system for carrying strings of cigarette clips.

4. The integrated production system for cigar tobacco planting, cultivation, and primary processing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multi-layer suspended track system within the modular drying unit has lifting and lateral movement functions, and can automatically adjust the spacing between the tobacco clips at different drying stages to optimize airflow distribution.

5. The integrated production system for cigar tobacco planting, cultivation, and primary processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent water and fertilizer recycling subsystem includes a monitoring module, a supply module, and a recycling and processing module. The monitoring module includes soil three-parameter sensors and drainage collection sensors installed at the root of each cultivation unit in the planting area. The supply module includes a raw water treatment device, a group of mother liquor tanks, an intelligent fertilizer mixing machine, a real-time pH monitoring and adjustment instrument, a pressurized variable frequency pump, and drip irrigation tapes or seepage pipes distributed at the end of the cultivation area. The recycling and treatment module includes an underground drainage collection pipe network, a physical filtration device, an ultraviolet or ozone disinfection device, and an online detection and dynamic replenishment device for nutrient solution components. The treated nutrient solution can be partially returned to the fertilizer mixing machine.

6. The integrated production system for cigar tobacco planting, cultivation, and primary processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed environmental control subsystem includes a planting area environmental module and a drying area environmental module. The planting area environmental module includes a greenhouse environmental control host that controls the skylight, side windows, wet curtain fans, internal circulation fans, heat pump heating system, CO2 fertilization system, and high-pressure mist humidification system.

7. The integrated production system for cigar tobacco planting, cultivation, and primary processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The growth and processing monitoring network includes a track-mounted multispectral imager and a chlorophyll fluorescence monitor installed in the planting area for regularly acquiring plant canopy spectral indices and photosynthetic physiological parameters, as well as a near-infrared spectral online detection probe and an electronic nose sensor array installed in the drying unit.

8. The integrated production system for cigar tobacco planting, cultivation, and primary processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central intelligent control and management platform uses an industrial computer or cloud server and has a built-in digital model library for the entire production cycle of cigars and an expert decision-making system.

9. The integrated production system for cigar tobacco planting, cultivation, and primary processing according to claim 8, characterized in that, The central intelligent control and management platform is equipped with a user interaction terminal and a mobile APP, providing functions such as visual data dashboards, process curve editing, anomaly alarms, and remote control.

10. The integrated production system for cigar tobacco cultivation and primary processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes biological control and air disinfection modules, which regularly release natural enemy insects in the planting area and install ultraviolet photocatalytic disinfection devices in the ventilation systems of the two areas to achieve green control.

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