Construction dust falling device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of dust reduction in engineering construction, and discloses an engineering construction dust reduction device, which comprises an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and an atomization mechanism, the inner cylinder is coaxially arranged with the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is provided with a central air duct, and the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are matched with each other to form a sandwiched air duct; the central air duct is provided with a plurality of helical guide vanes which are arranged in an array along the circumference; the sandwiched air duct is provided with a plurality of helical guide vanes which are arranged in an array along the circumference; the outer cylinder is further provided with an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the angle of the guide vanes; the sandwiched air duct is sequentially provided with a converging section and a parallel section along the air direction; the atomization mechanism comprises a plurality of annular pipes which are coaxially arranged on the outer wall of the outer cylinder and a plurality of atomization nozzles which are arranged in an array along the circumference of the annular pipes; the atomization nozzles extend to the parallel section of the sandwiched air duct through the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder; and an air blower is further installed in the outer cylinder. The engineering construction dust reduction device solves the technical problems that the existing fog gun machine cannot switch the dust reduction mode according to the working condition because the air flow rotation direction is fixed, and the low capture efficiency of superfine dust caused by the large particle size of the fog droplets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of dust suppression technology in engineering construction, and specifically relates to a dust suppression device for engineering construction. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering construction, fog cannons are widely used due to their good mobility and dust suppression effect. Their basic working principle is: the fan generates a high-speed airflow, which blows the water mist produced by the atomizing nozzles to the dust-generating area, thereby capturing and settling the dust.

[0003] With the diversification of construction techniques, the same construction site will generate dust with very different characteristics at different stages. For example, during the earthwork excavation and material crushing stages, the dust sources are concentrated and spread over long distances, requiring equipment with long range and high penetration capabilities; while during the structural construction and road cleaning stages, the dust sources are dispersed and cover a large area, requiring equipment with the ability to cover a wide area.

[0004] To meet the above requirements simultaneously, fog cannons with a dual-duct structure have emerged in recent years. For example, a road water mist dust suppression device disclosed in Chinese patent CN211885991U forms an inner main airflow channel and an outer auxiliary airflow channel by setting an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder. The outer airflow is used to wrap the water mist to reduce the diffusion of fog droplets and increase the range.

[0005] However, existing dual-duct fog cannons still have a technical limitation: their airflow direction is fixed and singular. Research shows that in existing dual-duct fog cannons, the spiral directions of the inner and outer airflows are either fixedly the same or fixedly opposite, and cannot be changed once manufactured. This results in a single dust suppression mode—the two mutually restrictive working modes of "long range, narrow coverage" and "short range, wide coverage" cannot be switched on the same equipment according to operating conditions.

[0006] In view of this, the inventor conducted in-depth research on the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art, which led to the creation of this case. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dust suppression device for engineering construction, which solves the technical problems of existing fog cannons being unable to switch dust suppression modes according to working conditions due to the fixed airflow direction, and the low efficiency of ultrafine dust collection caused by the large droplet size.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A dust suppression device for engineering construction includes an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, and an atomizing mechanism. The inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are coaxially arranged. The inner cylinder has a central air duct, and the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder cooperate to form a sandwich air duct. The central air duct has multiple spiral guide vanes arranged in a circumferential array. The sandwich air duct has multiple guide plates arranged in a circumferential array with adjustable angles. The outer cylinder is also provided with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle of the guide plates. The sandwich air duct has a converging section and a parallel section along the wind direction. The atomizing mechanism includes multiple annular tubes coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the outer cylinder and multiple atomizing nozzles arranged in a circumferential array on the annular tubes. The atomizing nozzles extend through the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder into the parallel section of the sandwich air duct. A blower is also installed inside the outer cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide plate is provided with a rotating shaft, and the outer cylinder wall is provided with a mounting seat for mounting the rotating shaft; the adjustment mechanism includes a first conical tooth fixedly sleeved on the outer end of the rotating shaft, a drive ring rotatably sleeved on the outer cylinder wall, and a drive assembly for controlling the rotation of the drive ring; the drive ring is provided with a second conical tooth that can simultaneously mesh with multiple first conical teeth; the outer cylinder wall is also provided with a mounting ring, and the inner wall of the drive ring is formed with a mating groove that rotatably engages with the mounting ring. The synchronous and same-angle adjustment of multiple guide plates is achieved through a bevel gear pair, ensuring the uniformity of the interlayer airflow.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a drive gear and a first motor, with the output shaft of the first motor being drively connected to the drive gear; a driven tooth meshing with the drive gear is formed on the outer wall of the drive ring; and a first mounting bracket for mounting the drive assembly is also provided on the outer wall of the outer cylinder. The motor drive enables electric adjustment of the guide vane angle, allowing operators to remotely switch modes via the control panel without requiring manual adjustment during machine shutdown.

[0012] Furthermore, the central air duct has a first straight section, a contraction section, an expansion section, and a second straight section sequentially along the airflow direction; the inner diameter of the first straight section is the same as the inner diameter of the second straight section; an intake hole is also formed on the wall of the inner cylinder, and the outlet of the intake hole is located at the connection between the contraction section and the expansion section; the inlet of the intake hole is connected to the interlayer air duct; a plurality of spiral guide vanes are located on the inner wall of the second straight section, and the contraction section is located downstream of the atomizing nozzle. The contraction section, expansion section, and first and second straight sections together form a Venturi tube structure. After the inner airflow is accelerated in the contraction section, the static pressure decreases, forming a low-pressure zone at the connection (throat). This low-pressure zone is connected to the interlayer air duct through the suction port, thereby actively "drawing" small droplets in the interlayer into the central air duct, realizing radial sorting of droplets—small droplets enter the center to form a high-concentration fog nucleus, while large droplets remain in the interlayer to form an outer air curtain. The spiral guide vane is located downstream of the Venturi section, ensuring that the airflow is accelerated before being rotated, enhancing the centripetal convergence effect. The entire sorting process requires no additional power, utilizing the passive effect of fluid mechanics, making it energy-efficient and highly effective.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the suction hole gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet, and the suction hole is angled, with its inlet tilted towards the atomizing nozzle. This angled inlet design, facing the atomizing nozzle, actively "captures" small droplets that have just exited the nozzle and have not yet diffused, guiding them into the suction hole and improving suction efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner cylinder near the blower is also provided with a connecting frame that is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder. The connecting frame includes a connecting ring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder and a plurality of connecting arms arranged circumferentially and connected to the connecting ring and the end of the inner cylinder. The connecting arms are distributed circumferentially, and there are gaps between adjacent connecting arms, so as not to significantly obstruct the airflow drawn in by the blower.

[0015] Furthermore, the blower includes fan blades and a second motor, the output shaft of the second motor being drivenly connected to the fan blades; a second mounting bracket for mounting the blower is also provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder; a protective net is also installed at the tail of the outer cylinder. The protective net can prevent external debris (such as stones, leaves, tools, etc.) from being sucked into the blower, protecting the fan blades and motor, and also ensuring the safety of the operator.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes an equipment cabinet, which houses an electrical control system and a high-pressure water pump; the annular pipe is also equipped with a flexible hose connected to the high-pressure water pump. The hose connects the annular pipe and the high-pressure water pump, allowing for flexible water supply during elevation and rotation of the gun barrel, avoiding stress concentration and leakage risks associated with rigid pipelines.

[0017] Furthermore, a base is installed on the top of the equipment cabinet; the base is equipped with a support frame hinged to the outer cylinder, and a telescopic cylinder connecting the base and the outer cylinder; the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the base, and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder. The support frame enables the hinge between the outer cylinder and the base, and the telescopic cylinder, as a driving element, can precisely control the pitch angle of the outer cylinder, thereby adjusting the spray angle of the water mist.

[0018] With the above structure, the dust suppression device for engineering construction involved in this invention, compared with the prior art, achieves the following: By setting a fixed-direction spiral guide vane in the central air duct and setting an adjustable-angle guide plate and adjustment mechanism in the interlayer air duct, the operator can adjust the direction of the interlayer airflow to be the same as or opposite to the central airflow according to the actual needs of the construction site. When a large-area coverage is required (such as structural construction, road dust suppression), adjusting to the same-direction mode, the two layers of swirling flow merge, the droplets diffuse outward, and the coverage width is significantly increased; when long-distance high dust suppression is required (such as mining, tunnel excavation), adjusting to the opposite-direction mode, strong shear is generated at the junction of the inner and outer airflows, tearing large droplets into small droplets, while the strong inner swirling flow generates a centripetal pressure gradient, causing the small droplets to converge towards the center, forming a high-concentration fine mist column, and the range is greatly increased. This dual-mode switching function allows a single device to adapt to various construction conditions, reducing equipment procurement and maintenance costs. At the same time, it effectively refines droplet size through reverse shearing action, improving the collection efficiency of ultrafine dust such as PM2.5. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention can be further illustrated by the non-limiting embodiments given in the accompanying drawings;

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner and outer cylinders of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the decomposed structure;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inner cylinder structure in this invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide plate and the adjustment mechanism in this invention;

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 3A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0028] The symbols for the main components are explained as follows: 1-Inner cylinder, 11-Central air duct, 111-First straight section, 112-Contraction section, 113-Expansion section, 114-Second straight section, 12-Helical guide vane, 13-Suction port, 14-Connecting frame, 141-Connecting ring, 142-Connecting arm; 2-Outer cylinder, 21-Interlayer air duct, 211-Converging section, 212-Parallel section, 22-Guide plate, 221-Rotating shaft, 23-Mounting base, 24-Mounting ring, 25-First mounting frame. 26-Second mounting bracket, 27-Protective net; 3-Atomizing mechanism, 31-Annular tube, 311-Hose, 32-Atomizing nozzle; 4-Adjusting mechanism, 41-First conical tooth, 42-Drive ring, 421-Second conical tooth, 422-Matching groove, 423-Driven tooth, 43-Drive assembly, 431-Drive gear, 432-First motor; 5-Blower, 51-Fan blade, 52-Second motor; 6-Equipment cabinet; 7-Base, 71-Support frame, 72-Telescopic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that similar or identical parts are referred to by the same reference numerals in the drawings or description. Implementations not shown or described in the drawings are forms known to those skilled in the art. In addition, directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "up," "down," "top," "bottom," "left," "right," "front," and "back," are only for reference to the directions in the drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this invention relates to a dust suppression device for engineering construction. The device includes an inner cylinder 1, an outer cylinder 2, an atomizing mechanism 3, an adjusting mechanism 4, a blower 5, an equipment cabinet 6, and a base 7. The inner cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 2 are coaxially arranged. The inner cylinder 1 has a central air duct 11, and an annular sandwich air duct 21 is formed between the inner cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 2. The blower 5 is installed inside the outer cylinder 2. The blower 5 includes fan blades 51 and a second motor 52. The output shaft of the second motor 52 is connected to the fan blades 51 for transmission. A second mounting bracket 26 is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2 for fixing the blower 5. A protective net 27 is also installed at the tail of the outer cylinder 2 to prevent foreign objects from entering.

[0031] The inner cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 2 at one end near the blower 5 via a connecting frame 14. The connecting frame 14 includes a connecting ring 141 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2 and a plurality of connecting arms 142 arranged circumferentially. One end of the connecting arm 142 is fixed to the connecting ring 141, and the other end is fixed to the end of the inner cylinder 1, thereby suspending the inner cylinder 1 inside the outer cylinder 2.

[0032] The central air duct 11 has multiple spiral guide vanes 12 arranged in a circumferential array. The spiral guide vanes 12 are welded to the inner wall of the central air duct 11, and the spiral angle is fixed (e.g., 30°) to generate a swirling flow in a fixed direction (clockwise in this embodiment) in the central airflow. The interlayer air duct 21 has multiple guide plates 22 arranged in a circumferential array. Each guide plate 22 is a straight blade with a rotating shaft 221. The outer cylinder 2 has a mounting seat 23 on its wall, and the rotating shaft 221 is rotatably mounted in the mounting seat 23, so that the guide plate 22 can rotate within a certain angle range (e.g., -45° to +45°). The outer cylinder 2 also has an adjustment mechanism 4 for adjusting the angle of the guide plate 22. The adjustment mechanism 4 includes a first conical tooth 41 fixedly sleeved on the outer end of each rotating shaft 221, a drive ring 42 rotatably sleeved on the wall of the outer cylinder 2, and a drive assembly 43 for controlling the rotation of the drive ring 42. The drive ring 42 is provided with a second conical tooth 421, which meshes with all the first conical teeth 41 simultaneously. An mounting ring 24 is also provided on the wall of the outer cylinder 2. A mating groove 422 is formed on the inner wall of the drive ring 42, which rotatably engages with the mounting ring 24, allowing the drive ring 42 to rotate smoothly around the axis of the outer cylinder 2. The drive assembly 43 includes a drive gear 431 and a first motor 432. The output shaft of the first motor 432 is connected to the drive gear 431. A driven tooth 423 is formed on the outer wall of the drive ring 42, and the drive gear 431 meshes with the driven tooth 423. A first mounting bracket 25 is provided on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 2 for mounting the drive assembly 43. When the first motor 432 rotates, the drive gear 431 drives the drive ring 42 to rotate. The drive ring 42, through the bevel gear pair, drives all the guide plates 22 to change their angle synchronously, thereby adjusting the direction of the airflow in the interlayer.

[0033] The interlayer air duct 21 has a converging section 211 and a parallel section 212 along the wind direction (from the tail to the head). At the converging section 211, the distance between the inner cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 2 gradually decreases (for example, from 100 mm to 50 mm), which increases the speed of the interlayer airflow; at the parallel section 212, the distance remains constant (for example, 50 mm), which allows the outer layer airflow to flow at a uniform high speed and stably.

[0034] The atomizing mechanism 3 includes multiple annular tubes 31 (two in this embodiment) coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 2, and multiple atomizing nozzles 32 arranged in a circumferential array on the annular tubes 31. The annular tubes 31 are connected to the high-pressure water pump in the equipment cabinet 6 via hoses 311. The atomizing nozzles 32 extend through the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder 2 into the parallel section 212 of the interlayer air duct 21, with their nozzles slightly protruding from the outer wall of the inner cylinder 1 (e.g., protruding 2 mm), so that the water mist is directly sprayed out in the high-speed airflow of the interlayer and pre-sheared by the outer airflow.

[0035] To further refine the droplets and form a high-concentration mist nucleus at the center, the inner cylinder 1 has a first straight section 111, a contraction section 112, an expansion section 113, and a second straight section 114 arranged sequentially along the airflow direction in the central air duct 11. The inner diameter of the first straight section 111 is the same as that of the second straight section 114 (e.g., 600 mm). The contraction section 112 gradually reduces the inner diameter (e.g., to 500 mm), and the expansion section 113 gradually expands the inner diameter back to 600 mm. The contraction section 112 is located downstream of the atomizing nozzle 32. Multiple suction holes 13 are provided at the connection between the contraction section 112 and the expansion section 113 (i.e., the Venturi throat). The inlet of the suction hole 13 is connected to the interlayer air duct 21, and the outlet is located on the inner wall of the throat. The inner diameter of the suction hole 13 gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet, and the suction hole 13 is obliquely arranged, with its inlet tilted towards the atomizing nozzle 32. Multiple spiral guide vanes 12 are located on the inner wall of the second straight section 114, that is, downstream of the Venturi section.

[0036] Equipment cabinet 6 is a rectangular metal cabinet with four lockable casters or fixed feet at the bottom for easy movement and on-site positioning. The interior of equipment cabinet 6 is divided into two independent chambers by a partition: the first chamber (left or rear) houses the electrical control system, and the second chamber (right or front) houses the high-pressure water pump. The electrical control system includes a PLC controller, frequency converter, relays, air switches, and a touchscreen control panel. The high-pressure water pump is a plunger-type high-pressure pump with a rated pressure of 5-8 MPa and adjustable flow rate. The cabinet door of equipment cabinet 6 is equipped with a cooling fan and a waterproof sealing strip to ensure heat dissipation and dust and water protection for the internal electrical components. The side of equipment cabinet 6 has a water inlet (for connecting to a tap water pipe or water tank) and a power interface (for connecting to a 380V industrial power supply or generator). A flexible hose 311, attached to the annular pipe 31, passes through the tail or side wall of the outer cylinder 2 and connects to the outlet of the high-pressure water pump. The flexible hose 311 is made of high-pressure steel wire braided rubber tubing, possessing pressure resistance, wear resistance, and bending resistance.

[0037] A slewing bearing (e.g., a crossed roller bearing or a thrust bearing) is installed on the top of the equipment cabinet 6. The outer or lower ring of the slewing bearing is fixedly connected to the top surface of the equipment cabinet 6, and the inner or upper ring of the slewing bearing is fixedly connected to the base 7. The base 7 is a circular steel plate, the lower surface of which is fixed to the upper ring of the slewing bearing. The base 7 can rotate relative to the equipment cabinet 6 about a vertical axis. The rotation drive of the base 7 is provided by a rotary motor and a reducer installed inside the equipment cabinet 6. The output shaft of the rotary motor meshes with an internal gear ring fixedly installed on the lower surface of the base 7 through a pinion gear, or meshes with a worm wheel fixedly installed on the lower surface of the base 7 through a worm gear. The rotation angle and speed of the rotary motor are controlled by an electronic control system, thereby precisely controlling the rotation direction and angle of the base 7. Alternatively, a handwheel or handle can be installed on the edge of the base 7, allowing the base 7 to rotate manually.

[0038] Two upwardly extending support frames 71 are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base 7. The two support frames 71 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides, and each support frame 71 has a hinge hole at its top. Hinges are welded to both sides of the tail of the outer cylinder 2. These hinges are rotatably engaged with the hinge holes at the top of the support frames 71, thus achieving the hinge connection between the outer cylinder 2 and the base 7. A hinge seat is also provided on the rear side of the upper surface of the base 7 (or the lower part of the support frames 71) for connecting the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder 72. The piston rod end of the telescopic cylinder 72 is connected to the hinge seat pre-set at the lower center of the outer cylinder 2's cylinder wall via a U-shaped joint and a pin. The telescopic cylinder 72 is a double-acting cylinder, controlled by an electronic control system via a solenoid valve for its extension and retraction, and is equipped with a displacement sensor that can display the pitch angle in real time on the control panel.

[0039] The method of using this invention is as follows: Co-directional mode (wide coverage): When large-area dust suppression is required (such as during structural construction or road cleaning), the operator starts the first motor 432 via the control panel, driving the guide plate 22 to rotate to a positive angle (e.g., +30°). At this time, the interlayer airflow, guided by the guide plate 22, generates the same vortex direction (clockwise) as the central airflow. The blower 5 and high-pressure water pump are started. Part of the air drawn in by the blower 5 enters the central air duct 11, generating a clockwise vortex through the spiral guide vane 12; the other part enters the interlayer air duct 21, where it is accelerated by the converging section 211 and guided by the guide plate 22, also generating a clockwise vortex. High-pressure water provided by the high-pressure water pump is sprayed from the atomizing nozzle 32 through the hose 311 and annular pipe 31, and is pre-sheared by the high-speed outer airflow within the interlayer parallel section 212. The two co-directional vortices merge at the outlet, and centrifugal force causes the droplets to diffuse outward, forming a wide fog curtain with a significantly increased coverage area.

[0040] Reverse Mode (Long-Range High Dust): When long-distance suppression of high-concentration dust is required (e.g., in mining or tunnel excavation), the operator activates the first motor 432 via the control panel, driving the guide plate 22 to rotate to a negative angle (e.g., -30°). At this time, the interlayer airflow generates a vortex opposite to the central airflow (counterclockwise). After the equipment is started, the clockwise vortex in the central air duct 11 and the counterclockwise vortex in the interlayer air duct 21 form a strong shear layer at the outlet junction, tearing large droplets into small droplets (particle size can be reduced to 10-30 μm). Simultaneously, the centripetal pressure gradient generated by the strong vortex in the inner layer causes the small droplets to converge towards the center. In addition, the velocity increases and the static pressure decreases when the inner airflow flows through the Venturi contraction section 112, forming a low-pressure zone at the throat. This low-pressure zone actively draws the small droplets already generated in the interlayer into the central air duct through the suction port 13, further increasing the central droplet concentration and forming a high-concentration fine mist column that is sprayed outward, significantly improving the range and penetration. Large fog droplets, due to their high inertia, cannot pass through the intake hole and remain in the interlayer, forming an outer protective air curtain to reduce crosswind interference.

[0041] The spray angle can be adjusted by controlling the extension and retraction of the telescopic cylinder 72, and horizontal rotation can be achieved by the rotation drive under the base 7, thereby accurately guiding the water mist to the dust area.

[0042] The above provides a detailed description of a dust suppression device for engineering construction provided by the present invention. The specific embodiments described are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression device for construction projects, comprising an inner cylinder (1), an outer cylinder (2), and an atomizing mechanism (3), characterized in that: The inner cylinder (1) and the outer cylinder (2) are coaxially arranged. The inner cylinder has a central air duct (11). The inner cylinder (1) and the outer cylinder (2) cooperate with each other to form a sandwich air duct (21). The central air duct (11) has a plurality of spiral guide vanes (12) arranged in a circumferential array. The sandwich air duct (21) is provided with a plurality of guide plates (22) arranged in a circumferential array and whose angle is adjustable. The outer cylinder (2) is also provided with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle of the guide plates (22). (4); the sandwich air duct (21) has a converging section (211) and a parallel section (212) in sequence along the wind direction; the atomizing mechanism (3) includes a plurality of annular tubes (31) coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the outer cylinder (2) and a plurality of atomizing nozzles (32) arranged in a circumferential array on the annular tubes (31); the atomizing nozzles (32) extend through the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder (2) into the parallel section (212) of the sandwich air duct (21); a blower (5) is also installed inside the outer cylinder (2).

2. The dust suppression device for engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate (22) is provided with a rotating shaft (221), and the outer cylinder (2) is provided with a mounting seat (23) for mounting the rotating shaft on the cylinder wall; the adjustment mechanism (4) includes a first conical tooth (41) fixedly sleeved on the outer end of the rotating shaft (221), a drive ring (42) rotatably sleeved on the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder (2), and a drive assembly (43) for controlling the rotation of the drive ring (42); the drive ring (42) is provided with a second conical tooth (421) that can simultaneously mesh with multiple first conical teeth (41); the outer cylinder (2) is also provided with a mounting ring (24), and the inner wall of the drive ring (42) is formed with a mating groove (422) that rotatably engages with the mounting ring (24).

3. The dust suppression device for engineering construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive assembly (43) includes a drive gear (431) and a first motor (432), the output shaft of the first motor (432) being connected to the drive gear (431) in a transmission connection; the outer wall of the drive ring (42) is formed with driven teeth (423) that mesh with the drive gear (431); the outer wall of the outer cylinder (2) is also provided with a first mounting bracket (25) for mounting the drive assembly.

4. The dust suppression device for engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central air duct (11) has a first straight section (111), a contraction section (112), an expansion section (113), and a second straight section (114) in sequence along the wind direction; the inner diameter of the first straight section (111) is the same as the inner diameter of the second straight section (114); an intake hole (13) is also formed on the wall of the inner cylinder (1), and the outlet of the intake hole (13) is located at the connection between the contraction section (112) and the expansion section (113); the inlet of the intake hole (13) is connected to the interlayer air duct (21); a plurality of spiral guide vanes (12) are located on the inner wall of the second straight section (114), and the contraction section (112) is located downstream of the atomizing nozzle (32).

5. The dust suppression device for engineering construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the suction hole (13) gradually decreases along the direction from the inlet to the outlet, and the suction hole (13) is obliquely arranged, with the inlet of the suction hole (13) tilted towards the atomizing nozzle (32).

6. A dust suppression device for engineering construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (1) is also provided with a connecting frame (14) fixedly connected to the outer cylinder (2) at one end near the blower (5). The connecting frame (14) includes a connecting ring (141) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (2) and a plurality of connecting arms (142) arranged circumferentially and connected to the end of the connecting ring and the inner cylinder (1).

7. A dust suppression device for engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blower (5) includes a fan blade (51) and a second motor (52), the output shaft of the second motor (52) is connected to the fan blade (51) in a transmission; a second mounting bracket (26) for mounting the blower (5) is also provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (2); a protective net (27) is also installed at the tail of the outer cylinder (2).

8. The dust suppression device for engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an equipment cabinet (6), which is equipped with an electrical control system and a high-pressure water pump; the annular pipe (31) is also provided with a flexible hose (311) connected to the high-pressure water pump.

9. A dust suppression device for engineering construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The equipment cabinet (6) is also equipped with a base (7) on its top; the base (7) is provided with a support frame (71) hinged to the outer cylinder (2), and a telescopic cylinder (72) connecting the base (7) and the outer cylinder (2); the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder (72) is hinged to the base (7), and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder (72) is hinged to the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder (2).

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