A slide rail finished product performance detection and sorting equipment and a detection and sorting method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a slide rail finished product performance detection and sorting equipment and a detection and sorting method thereof. The equipment comprises a rack, a detection tool, a numerical control simulation test component, a data acquisition system, a sorting system and a central control module. The detection tool automatically adjusts the clamping position according to the slide rail type identified by a visual detection unit. The numerical control simulation test component drives the slide rail to reciprocatingly push and pull and to perform self-locking test. The data acquisition system integrates double industrial cameras, an acoustic detection module, a pressure sensor, a tension sensor and a laser displacement sensor, and collects the extension smoothness, unlocking force, bearing vertical deformation amount and appearance image of the slide rail in real time. The central control module performs comprehensive rating according to a preset threshold value, and controls the sorting system to automatically classify the slide rail into a qualified product, a defective product or a waste product. The application realizes the automatic detection, determination and sorting of multiple core performances of the slide rail finished product, improves the detection efficiency, is low in missed detection rate, and is suitable for quality control of a large-scale production line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of hardware accessories testing and sorting, specifically to a performance testing and sorting device for slide rail products and its testing and sorting method. Background Technology

[0002] As a core functional component in furniture, home appliances, and industrial equipment that enables the smooth pushing and pulling of moving parts such as drawers and pull-out baskets, the quality of drawer slides directly affects the user experience and service life of the end products. Before leaving the factory, finished drawer slides must undergo testing on multiple core indicators such as load-bearing capacity, smoothness of extension and retraction, self-locking reliability, and appearance quality.

[0003] Currently, the inspection of finished slide rails mainly relies on manual operation: workers manually push and pull the slide rails to feel their smoothness, visually inspect for defects, and use simple tension gauges to measure unlocking force. This manual inspection method has the following prominent problems: First, the inspection results are highly subjective, with different operators having inconsistent judgment standards, resulting in high rates of missed and false inspections; second, the inspection efficiency is low, as the complete inspection of a single slide rail takes a long time, making it difficult to meet the cycle time requirements of large-scale production lines; third, the inspection items are scattered, with load-bearing tests, smoothness tests, and self-locking tests needing to be completed at different workstations or using different tools, making the process cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a performance testing and sorting device and method for finished slide rail products, which solves the problems of low efficiency, strong subjectivity, scattered testing items, and lack of automatic sorting caused by the reliance on manual labor in the existing finished slide rail product testing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a performance testing and sorting device for finished slide rails, characterized in that it comprises: The frame serves as the supporting structure for the entire machine; The inspection fixture, set on the frame, includes a mounting base plate and a clamping mechanism, used to fix the fixed rail of the finished slide rail, and automatically adjust the clamping position and clamping posture according to the type of slide rail; The CNC simulation test component includes a servo push-pull unit and a load simulation unit mounted on the frame, used to simulate actual use scenarios to test the reciprocating push-pull and self-locking actions of the slide rail; The data acquisition system includes a vision inspection unit, which is mounted above the frame and is used to acquire images of the slide rail appearance to identify the slide rail type, detect surface scratches, deformation and coating defects, and measure the vertical deformation of the movable rail during load-bearing tests; the data acquisition system is also used to acquire real-time data on the smoothness of slide rail extension and retraction. The sorting system includes a sorting pusher plate and a multi-channel conveyor belt at the end of the frame, which are used to automatically classify the slide rails into qualified products, defective products or waste products according to the test results, and transport them to the corresponding storage areas respectively. The central control module is electrically connected to the servo push-pull unit, the data acquisition system, and the sorting system, respectively, and is used to control the operation of the equipment and process the detection data. The central control module is configured to automatically retrieve the corresponding detection program according to the type of slide rail identified by the vision detection unit, and control the clamping mechanism to adjust the clamping position and clamping posture.

[0006] A further technical solution is that the testing fixture includes: The mounting base plate serves as the reference surface for the testing fixture and is used to place the slide rails. The clamping mechanism includes four sets of clamping arms, which are located at the four corners of the mounting base plate. The clamping arms are configured to be movable, extendable and rotatable along the X / Y / Z axes, and are used to adapt to fixed rails of different sizes and types.

[0007] A further technical solution is that the CNC simulation testing component includes: The servo push-pull unit uses a linear motor module with a connecting plate on its lower side. A load simulation unit is mounted on the connecting plate, and a connector is located on the lower side of the load simulation unit to connect to the movable rail of the slide rail and apply simulated reciprocating motion to the slide rail. The load simulation unit includes a loading device mounted on a connecting plate. The output end of the loading device is connected to the connector via a pressure block, and is used to simulate the downward vertical pressure exerted on the slide rail by drawers or door panels of different weights.

[0008] In a further technical solution, the data acquisition system also includes: The acoustic detection module is used to collect the noise spectrum during the movement of the slide rail in order to determine whether there is abnormal noise or ball jamming. A pressure sensor is installed between the output of the load simulation unit and the pressure block to detect the pressure load borne by the slide rail. A tension sensor is installed between the connector and the side wall of the pressure block to detect the tension value during the pushing and pulling process; A laser displacement sensor is installed on one side of the mounting base plate to detect the amount of telescopic displacement of the slide rail. The visual inspection unit includes two industrial cameras, which are fixed on both sides above the frame to collect images at both ends of the slide rail.

[0009] A further technical solution is provided, wherein the sorting system includes: The multi-stage diversion conveyor belt consists of three independent conveyor belts arranged side by side, corresponding to the qualified product channel, the defective product channel, and the scrap product channel, respectively. The sorting pusher plate is installed above the multi-stage diversion conveyor belt and is driven by a push-pull cylinder. The data traceability module includes a QR code marking machine and a wireless module.

[0010] A method for performance testing and sorting of finished slide rails, performed using the aforementioned equipment, includes the following steps: S1. Place the slide rail to be tested on the testing fixture, collect the appearance image of the slide rail through the vision inspection unit to identify the slide rail type, and call the corresponding testing program by the central control module. S2. Start the clamping mechanism and automatically adjust the clamping position and clamping posture according to the identified slide rail type. Fix the fixed rail of the slide rail to the mounting base plate and connect the movable rail to the CNC simulation test component. S3, the central control module controls the servo push-pull unit to drive the slide rail to perform a full-stroke reciprocating push-pull motion, while the data acquisition system collects various performance data in real time; S4. The central control module compares the collected data with the preset standard threshold to determine whether the slide rail's extension and retraction smoothness, self-locking reliability, and appearance are up to standard. S5. Based on the judgment result, the control sorting system will transport the slide rail to the corresponding qualified product channel, defective product channel or scrap channel, and store the detection data in the database.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the specific process of step S3 is as follows: S31. Apply a preset rated load pressure through the load simulation unit; S32. Control the servo push-pull unit to reciprocate at a set speed to simulate the extension and retraction life of the slide rail; S33. During the push-pull process, the value change of the tension sensor is monitored in real time, and the displacement data collected by the laser displacement sensor is combined to calculate the starting tension, average running resistance, maximum tensile force and force fluctuation rate of the slide rail. S34. After pushing the slide rail to the locked position, apply a gradually increasing pulling force in the opposite direction, record the pulling force value at the moment of unlocking, and judge the self-locking reliability.

[0012] S35. Using two cameras in the vision detection unit, images of both ends of the sliding rail are acquired before and after loading. The inherent features or markers at both ends of the sliding rail are identified, and the pixel displacement changes at both ends in the vertical direction are calculated. After calibration, the values ​​are converted into actual displacement values ​​to obtain the vertical deformation of the sliding rail.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the specific process of step S4 is as follows: S41. By comparing images through a visual inspection unit, detect the straightness deviation, scratches, corrosion and deformation of the slide rail. If the straightness deviation exceeds the set threshold, or if there are scratches, corrosion or deformation, it is marked as unqualified in appearance. S42. If the starting pull force, average running resistance, maximum bearing pull force or force value fluctuation rate exceed the set threshold, or the unlocking force exceeds the specified range, or the vertical deformation (including the vertical displacement difference at both ends and the sinking in the middle) exceeds the set threshold, it shall be marked as unqualified. S43. If the appearance and performance meet the standards, it is judged as a qualified product; if there are appearance or performance defects but they do not affect the use, it is judged as a defective product; if there are serious defects that make it unusable, it is judged as a scrap product.

[0014] In a further technical solution, step S5 specifically includes: S51. Generate a unique barcode ID or QR code ID for each detected slide rail; S52. Bind the raw data collected in step S3 and the judgment result in step S4 to this ID; S53, the central control module sends instructions to the sorting pusher plate to push the slide rails to the qualified product conveyor belt, the defective product conveyor belt, or the waste product conveyor belt respectively.

[0015] Further technical solutions also include self-learning optimization steps: S6. The central control module regularly analyzes historical detection data and statistically analyzes common defect types. S7. Adjust the standard threshold dynamically based on the analysis results to adapt to the production quality fluctuations of different batches of slide rails.

[0016] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Highly integrated testing functions: This invention integrates telescopic smoothness testing, self-locking reliability testing, load-bearing deformation testing, appearance defect testing, and acoustic testing into the same device. The visual inspection unit automatically identifies the type of slide rail and retrieves the corresponding testing program, replacing the traditional scattered testing stations and tools, which significantly reduces equipment investment costs and site occupation. 2. Significantly improved detection accuracy and efficiency: The CNC simulation test component uses a servo push-pull unit and a closed-loop force control load simulation unit to accurately simulate actual working conditions. Force and displacement data are collected in real time through a tension sensor, a pressure sensor, a laser displacement sensor, and a dual-camera vision system. The detection results are objective and quantifiable. Compared with manual detection, the detection efficiency is improved, and the false detection rate and missed detection rate are reduced. 3. Intelligent sorting and full-process data traceability: The equipment has a built-in three-level sorting system (qualified products / defective products / waste products), which automatically diverts the slide rails to the corresponding channels based on the comprehensive judgment results, eliminating the need for secondary manual sorting; at the same time, a unique ID is generated for each slide rail and bound to all inspection data, supporting QR code traceability, which facilitates quality analysis and process improvement; 4. Self-learning and optimization capability: The central control module regularly analyzes historical test data and dynamically adjusts the standard thresholds. It can adapt to the quality fluctuations of different batches of slide rails, continuously optimize the test accuracy, and provide data support for the improvement of upstream production processes. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this application and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of this application; Figure 2 This is a top view of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the method principle of this application; In the diagram: 100, frame; 200, inspection fixture; 210, mounting base plate; 220, clamping mechanism; 300, CNC simulation test assembly; 310, servo push-pull unit; 320, load simulation unit; 400, data acquisition system; 410, vision inspection unit; 420, acoustic inspection module; 430, displacement sensor; 500, conveying mechanism; 600, central control module; 700, sorting system; 710, sorting push plate; 720, push-pull cylinder; 730, multi-stage diversion conveyor belt. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this application, a detailed explanation is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] Furthermore, it should be understood in the description of this application that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the "above" or "below" of the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0023] See Figures 1-2 This embodiment provides a performance testing and sorting device for finished slide rails, including a frame 100, a testing fixture 200, a CNC simulation testing component 300, a data acquisition system 400, a sorting system 700, and a central control module 600.

[0024] The frame 100 is made of welded steel with a rust-proof surface. The bottom of the frame 100 is equipped with four adjustable anchor bolts (not shown) for leveling the equipment. The length of the frame 100 is the X direction, the width is the Y direction, and the height is the Z direction.

[0025] The testing fixture 200 is fixed on the worktable of the frame 100 and mainly includes a mounting base plate 210 and a clamping mechanism 220.

[0026] Mounting base plate 210: Made of cast iron, with the upper surface precision ground to be flat; In one embodiment, the mounting base 210 can rotate, allowing the tested slide rail to slide to one side. A rotating motor is installed inside the frame 100, and the rotating motor is poweredly connected to the mounting base 210.

[0027] Clamping mechanism 220: includes four independently controlled clamping arms, located at the four corners of the mounting base plate 210. Each clamping arm consists of the following components: X-axis slide: It can use X-axis linear guides in conjunction with X-axis ball screws, driven by X-axis stepper motors, with a stroke of 0~400mm and a repeatability of ±0.02mm; or it can use X-axis linear motors in conjunction with X-axis pneumatic clamps to achieve position fixation. The stators of the two X-axis linear motors on the front side can be fixed together, and the stators of the two X-axis linear motors on the rear side can be fixed together.

[0028] Y-axis slide: can use Y-axis linear guides and Y-axis ball screws, driven by Y-axis stepper motors, with a stroke of 0~300mm; or it can use Y-axis linear motors, in conjunction with Y-axis pneumatic clamps to achieve position fixation. The stators of the two Y-axis linear motors on the left can be fixed together, and the stators of the two Y-axis linear motors on the right can be fixed together.

[0029] Z-axis slide: It adopts Z-axis linear guide and Z-axis ball screw, driven by Z-axis stepper motor, with a stroke of 0~150mm; it can also be driven by cylinder or hydraulic cylinder to move the Z-axis slide.

[0030] The telescopic arm is fixed on a rotating block, which is driven by a servo direct drive motor fixed in the Z-axis slide, thus enabling the telescopic arm to rotate. The telescopic arm can also extend and retract to adjust its length, driven by a hydraulic cylinder fixed in the rotating block.

[0031] Grippers: Installed at the end of the telescopic arm, the grippers are equipped with rubber pads to contact the slide rail surface and prevent scratches. The grippers can be configured to rotate for easier clamping. For example, by removing screws, the grippers can be mounted at the end of the telescopic arm. When horizontal clamping is required, the grippers are horizontally positioned, pressing against the four corners of the fixed rail, without contacting the inner rail (i.e., the movable rail). When vertical clamping is required, the grippers are vertically positioned, pressing against the fixed rail, without contacting the inner rail (i.e., the movable rail of the slide rail). Alternatively, the grippers can be replaced with an L-shaped clamping plate. The shorter plate of the L-shaped clamping plate... The length is matched to the thickness of the fixed rail, allowing the corners of the fixed rail to engage with the short plate of the L-shaped clamping plate. For example, the slide rail is placed horizontally, the fixed rail of the slide rail is placed on the mounting base plate, and the movable rail is slidably positioned above the fixed rail. The length direction of the slide rail is consistent with the X-direction, the short plate of the L-shaped clamping plate is perpendicular to the X-direction, and the long plate of the L-shaped clamping plate fits against the outer side of the fixed rail (parallel to the X-axis, i.e., the front and rear sides of the slide rail). The four L-shaped plates automatically center the slide rail to the center position of the mounting base plate and clamp the slide rail. Of course, other types of non-standard clamping parts can also be used to adapt to different types of slide rails. They can be disassembled and installed using screws and telescopic arms.

[0032] Contact sensors integrated on the grippers.

[0033] Control method of clamping mechanism 220: The central control module 600 automatically calculates the target position of each clamping arm based on the type, position and size of the slide rail identified by the vision detection unit 410 of the data acquisition system 400, drives the corresponding X-axis slide, Y-axis slide and Z-axis slide to move to the specified coordinate, and controls the telescopic arm to extend and retract the corresponding target length, so that the slide rail is pushed to automatically center to the middle of the mounting base plate 210, and then the four grippers clamp the slide rail.

[0034] The CNC simulation test assembly 300 is mounted on the frame 100 and located on the upper side of the test fixture 200. It includes a servo push-pull unit 310 and a load simulation unit 320.

[0035] Servo push-pull unit 310: adopts a linear motor module. The stator of the linear motor module is fixed on the crossbeam above the frame. The mover of the linear motor module is slidably installed on the stator of the linear motor module. A connecting rod is fixedly installed on the lower side of the mover of the linear motor module. There are two connecting rods. A connecting plate is installed at the bottom of the two connecting rods. The load simulation unit 320 is mounted on the connecting plate. The load simulation unit 320 includes a loading device, which can be a pneumatic loading device or a hydraulic loading device. In this embodiment, the loading device can be a pneumatic loading device, which consists of a proportional pressure regulating valve, a cylinder, and a piston rod. Specifically, the cylinder is poweredly connected to the piston rod. A pressure block is installed at the bottom end of the piston rod of the cylinder. A pressure sensor is installed between the pressure block and the bottom end of the piston rod of the cylinder to detect the applied load pressure. A connector is fitted onto the pressure block, and a tension sensor is installed between the connector and the side wall of the pressure block to detect the tension / pull force during the pushing and pulling process; The connector is connected to the movable rail of the slide rail via a quick-change interface.

[0036] The quick-change interface and connector are fixed with bolts. The quick-change interface can be a magnetic connector, which is attached to the upper side of the movable rail and attracts the movable rail. With the downward pressure of the loading device, it can firmly drive the movable rail to slide. The quick-change interface can also be a plug-in block, which can be inserted into the hole on the movable rail. The hole on the movable rail is generally a pre-drilled hole. With the locating pin set on the plug-in block, quick positioning and connection can be achieved.

[0037] The loading device applies pressure to the connector through the pressure head, and the connector applies vertical downward pressure to the movable rail of the slide rail through the quick-change interface. The central control module 600 controls the output pressure of the proportional pressure regulating valve through the PID algorithm to achieve closed-loop load pressure control.

[0038] The data acquisition system 400 includes a visual inspection unit 410, an acoustic inspection module 420, and multiple mechanical sensors.

[0039] The vision inspection unit 410 can be an industrial camera. There are two of them, located on both sides of the mounting base plate 210. They can be located on the front and rear sides, the left and right sides, the front left and the rear right, or the rear left and the front right, depending on the installation requirements. The industrial camera can be 20 megapixels, with a CMOS sensor and a 12mm fixed-focus lens.

[0040] The light source uses a ring-shaped LED white light source, which is installed at the top or bottom of the camera lens to provide uniform illumination.

[0041] The vision inspection unit 410 (which is also an industrial camera) is fixed above the frame 100 by an adjustable bracket, which allows the height of the industrial camera to be adjusted.

[0042] Image processing: The central control module 600 has embedded image processing software that executes the following algorithms: Contour extraction: The Canny edge detection algorithm (threshold 50~150) is used to extract the contour of the slide rail.

[0043] Type recognition: The extracted contour is matched with the template library (which stores the shape feature parameters of 20 common slide rails, such as length, width, slide groove shape, self-locking structure position, etc.) to output the slide rail type.

[0044] Defect detection: Surface texture features are extracted using a grayscale co-occurrence matrix and compared with a standard template to identify defects such as scratches, corrosion, and deformation. Scratch criteria: A scratch is marked as a defect if its length is >5mm or its width is >0.2mm; Corrosion criteria: An area >2mm² is considered a defect. 2 Mark as a defect; Deformation judgment: Edge straightness deviation > 0.5mm / m is marked as a defect.

[0045] The vision inspection unit is also used to measure the vertical deformation of the moving rail during load-bearing tests, as follows: The central control module 600 uses two cameras in the vision detection unit 410 to automatically identify the inherent features (including end face edges, rivet points, rivet holes, or stamping marks) at both ends of the sliding rail. Before and after loading, it extracts the center coordinates or edge contours of the inherent features at both ends and calculates the pixel displacement changes at both ends in the vertical direction (Z direction). Through the joint calibration of the two cameras, the pixel displacement is converted into actual displacement values, and then the vertical displacement difference between the two ends of the sliding rail and the tilt angle or middle sinking of the sliding rail are calculated.

[0046] If the inherent characteristics of the slide rail are not obvious, an online laser marking machine can be integrated upstream of the inspection station. Guided by vision, it can automatically create permanent marking points at designated positions at both ends of the moving rail for subsequent tracking and inspection.

[0047] Acoustic detection module 420: Uses a free-field microphone with a frequency range of 10Hz~20kHz and a dynamic range of 30~130dB.

[0048] In one embodiment, the microphone may be configured to be fixed to the area of ​​motion near the slide rail via a flexible gooseneck tube.

[0049] The central control module 600 performs FFT transformation on the audio signal collected by the microphone and analyzes its spectral characteristics. The characteristic frequency of ball bearing jamming usually shows abnormal spikes in the range of 500~2000Hz, while abnormal noise manifests as broadband noise. Judgment threshold: Under normal operation, the total sound pressure level is ≤65dB, and if the peak frequency amplitude exceeds the background noise by 20dB, it is judged as abnormal.

[0050] Multiple mechanical sensors include: Pressure sensor: Installed between the pressure block and the bottom end of the cylinder piston rod (as mentioned above), used to detect the applied load pressure.

[0051] Tension sensor: installed between the connector and the side wall of the pressure block (as mentioned above), used to detect the tension / thrust during the push-pull process.

[0052] Displacement sensor 430: In this embodiment, a laser displacement sensor is used, which is fixed on one side of the mounting base plate 210. The laser beam is aligned with the end face of the movable rail along the X direction (push-pull direction). When the movable rail extends or retracts, the sensor measures the change in distance between the end face and the sensor in real time. The amount of extension and retraction displacement is calculated through the initial calibration value. This sensor is used to collect the extension and retraction displacement of the horizontal rail.

[0053] The conveying mechanism 500 is located below the mounting base plate 210. When the mounting base plate 210 rotates, the slide rails on the mounting base plate 210 can fall onto the conveying mechanism 500. It includes a conveyor belt, two conveyor pulleys, and a conveying power source. The conveying power source can be fixed on the frame and is poweredly connected to the conveyor pulleys to drive the conveyor belt to transport the rotating mounting base plate and the falling slide rails.

[0054] In another embodiment, the mounting base plate can remain stationary and be fixed to the frame. The slide rails are manually placed on the mounting base plate during testing, and after testing, the slide rails are manually placed onto a conveyor belt on the sorting system.

[0055] In another embodiment, the mounting base plate may not rotate, and the slide rail may be lowered onto the conveying mechanism 500 by setting a push plate on the frame.

[0056] The sorting system 700 is located at the end of the conveying mechanism and below the conveying mechanism 500, and includes a multi-stage diversion conveyor belt 730.

[0057] Multi-stage diversion conveyor belt: Located downstream of the conveying mechanism, it consists of three independent conveyor belts 730 arranged side by side, corresponding to the qualified product channel, the defective product channel and the scrap channel respectively. Each conveyor belt is driven by a DC geared motor. The middle conveyor belt can be set as the qualified product channel, and the two side conveyor belts are the defective product channel and the scrap channel respectively.

[0058] The sorting pusher plate 710 can be installed above the conveying mechanism. It is pneumatically driven and connected to the push-pull cylinder 720. The central control module 600 controls the cylinder rod of the push-pull cylinder 720 to extend or retract according to the judgment result, thereby controlling the sorting pusher plate 710 to push the slide rail into the corresponding conveyor belt. If the sorting pusher plate 710 does not move, the slide rail will automatically fall into the qualified product channel in the middle.

[0059] The sorting pusher plate 710 can be composed of three plates: two vertical plates and one horizontal plate. The distance between the two vertical plates is the same as the width of the conveyor belt. After the slide rail is inspected, it enters between the two vertical plates of the sorting pusher plate. When the sorting pusher plate retracts to the left, it can push the slide rail onto the left side of the conveyor belt. When the sorting pusher plate pushes out to the right, it can push the slide rail onto the right side of the conveyor belt. If the sorting pusher plate does not move, the slide rail can fall directly onto the middle conveyor belt.

[0060] In one embodiment, the slide rail is manually removed and the sorting pusher is positioned above the middle conveyor belt.

[0061] In one embodiment, the sorting system 700 may further include a data traceability module, fixed on a frame and located at the end of the conveyor mechanism. This module includes a QR code marking machine and a wireless module. The QR code marking machine is installed at the conveyor belt inlet. After each slide rail is inspected, the central control module 600 generates a unique ID and controls the marking machine to mark a QR code on the slide rail surface. The QR code information includes: ID, inspection time, slide rail type, and various inspection data. All data is stored in a local database in real time and simultaneously uploaded to a cloud server via the wireless module.

[0062] The central control module 600 uses an industrial computer and is electrically connected to the testing fixture, CNC simulation test component 300, data acquisition system 400, and sorting system 700 via a bus.

[0063] For the specific implementation steps of the detection and sorting method, please refer to... Figure 3 : Step S1: Feeding and Identification The operator places the slide rail to be tested (taking a three-section drawer slide rail as an example) on the mounting base plate 210.

[0064] Visual inspection unit 410 begins operation: Image Acquisition: Two industrial cameras (located on opposite sides of the mounting base 210) continuously capture three images, and the image with the highest resolution is used for analysis. Camera Parameters: 20-megapixel resolution, CMOS sensor, 12mm fixed-focus lens, and ring-shaped LED white light source for uniform illumination.

[0065] Image preprocessing: grayscale conversion, Gaussian filtering (kernel size 5×5), histogram equalization.

[0066] Contour extraction: The Canny edge detection algorithm (threshold 50~150) is used to extract the contour of the slide rail, and then the broken edges are connected by morphological closing operation (kernel size 3×3).

[0067] Feature extraction: Calculate feature parameters such as the aspect ratio of the circumscribed rectangle, the number of grooves, and the position of the self-locking structure.

[0068] Type matching: Match the feature parameters with the template library (which stores the shape feature parameters of 20 common drawer slides, such as length, width, slide groove shape, self-locking structure position, etc.) using Euclidean distance and a threshold of 0.8, and output the drawer slide type code with the highest matching degree (e.g., 001 represents a three-section drawer slide).

[0069] The central control module 600 reads the detection program parameters from the configuration file according to the type code, including: detection items (smoothness of extension and retraction, self-locking reliability, appearance defects, load-bearing deformation), push-pull stroke (nominal stroke L of slide rail), push-pull speed (e.g., 0.2m / s), load pressure (e.g., 490N corresponding to 50kg), self-locking unlocking force threshold (10~40N), vertical deformation threshold (displacement difference at both ends ≤1.0mm, middle sinking ≤3.0mm), straightness deviation threshold (≤0.5mm / m), etc.

[0070] Step S2: Clamping and Fixing The central control module 600 calculates the clamping position and clamping posture based on the type and size of the slide rail: Extract the coordinates of the four corners of the slide rail fixing rail from the visual image, and calculate the target position of the clamping arm corresponding to each corner.

[0071] Select the clamping posture according to the type of slide rail: In this embodiment, the slide rail is placed horizontally and a horizontal clamping posture is adopted. The clamping jaws are set horizontally (the direction of the clamping jaws can be adjusted by removing the screws) and pressing against the four corners of the fixed rail (without contacting the moving rail); if the slide rail needs to be clamped vertically, the clamping jaws can be switched to a vertical posture or the L-shaped clamping plate can be replaced.

[0072] Control flow (taking the upper left gripper arm as an example, the same applies to others): X / Y axis positioning: The central control module 600 sends pulse signals to the X-axis stepper motor driver and the Y-axis stepper motor driver to drive the X-axis slide and the Y-axis slide to move to the target position (so that the gripper is above the upper left corner of the fixed rail).

[0073] Z-axis descent: The Z-axis stepper motor is controlled to drive the Z-axis slide to descend, so that the lower surface of the gripper contacts the upper surface of the fixed rail; the clamping force is provided by the holding torque of the Z-axis motor, without an independent cylinder; the Z-axis descent height is determined by the height of the upper surface of the fixed rail as visually detected, and it usually descends until the gripper rubber pad just contacts the fixed rail, and then presses down 0.5~1mm to ensure sufficient clamping force.

[0074] Telescopic arm adjustment: If the gripper is not fully aligned with the corner of the fixed rail, control the telescopic arm (driven by a hydraulic cylinder) to extend or retract and fine-tune the length so that the center of the gripper is aligned with the corner of the fixed rail.

[0075] Rotating block adjustment: If the side of the fixed rail is not parallel to the X-axis, the servo direct drive motor can be controlled to drive the rotating block to rotate the telescopic arm so that the gripper fits against the side of the fixed rail; in this embodiment, the slide rail is placed squarely and does not need to be rotated.

[0076] Clamping complete: After confirming that the clamping is in place through the contact sensor integrated on the gripper or the torque feedback of the Z-axis motor, a clamping complete signal is sent to the central control module 600.

[0077] The four clamping arms perform the above actions synchronously or sequentially, firmly fixing the slide rail to the mounting base plate 210, and the four clamping jaws work together to make the slide rail automatically center to the center of the mounting base plate 210.

[0078] Step S3: CNC simulation test This process includes five sub-steps: load application, reciprocating life test, smoothness test, self-locking detection, and load-bearing deformation measurement.

[0079] S31, Preset Load: The central control module 600 sets the target load pressure (e.g., 50kg corresponds to 490N).

[0080] The output pressure of the proportional pressure regulating valve is controlled to cause the cylinder piston rod of the pneumatic loading device to extend downward, and apply vertical downward pressure to the movable rail of the slide rail through the pressure block, connector, and quick-change interface.

[0081] The pressure sensor provides real-time feedback of the force value, and the central control module 600 uses PID control (proportional coefficient Kp=0.8, integral time Ti=0.1s, derivative time Td=0.02s) to stabilize the force value within ±2% of the target value.

[0082] S32. Cyclic life test: The servo push-pull unit 310 (linear motor module) pushes the movable rail from the fully retracted position (displacement 0mm) to the fully extended position at a speed of 0.2m / s (displacement L, where L is the nominal travel of the slide rail, such as 500mm).

[0083] Once fully extended, pull back to the fully retracted position at the same speed.

[0084] The number of reciprocating cycles is preset to N (N=10000 times in this embodiment), and the central control module 600 records the force-displacement curve for each cycle.

[0085] After every 100 cycles, pause for 2 seconds, and the vision inspection unit 410 takes a picture of the slide rail appearance to check for any abnormal wear.

[0086] S33, Smoothness Test: During the reciprocating motion of S32, the tension sensor continuously collects the force value F(t) at a sampling rate of 100Hz, and the laser displacement sensor 430 synchronously collects the position x(t) of the end face of the moving rail (the laser beam is irradiated along the X direction, the range is 600mm, and the resolution is 0.01mm).

[0087] The central control module 600 generates force-displacement curves in real time.

[0088] Calculation indicators: Starting tension: The maximum force value within the displacement range of 0 to 10 mm.

[0089] Average running resistance: the arithmetic mean of the force values ​​within the displacement range from 10% to 90% of the stroke.

[0090] Maximum tensile force: The peak value of the force throughout the entire range.

[0091] Force value volatility: The ratio (percentage) of the standard deviation of running resistance to the mean.

[0092] Judgment criteria (taking a 50kg class slide rail as an example): Starting pulling force ≤ 30N; Average operating resistance ≤ 20N; Maximum tensile force ≤ 80N; Force value volatility ≤ 15%; S34. Self-locking detection: The push-pull mechanism pushes the movable rail to the closed position at a low speed (0.05m / s).

[0093] When the movable rail reaches the locking position (the displacement is within the range of 0~5mm, and the force value shows a significant step), the push-pull mechanism stops pushing.

[0094] After waiting for 1 second, the push-pull mechanism gradually increases the pulling force in the opposite direction at a speed of 0.01m / s (starting from 0, with an increment of 5N / s).

[0095] The tension sensor records the tension value in real time, and the laser displacement sensor 430 monitors whether the moving rail has started to move (displacement change ≥0.5mm).

[0096] When the displacement sensor detects movement of the moving rail, it records the current tension value as the "unlocking force".

[0097] If no displacement is detected even after a tensile force of 80N, it is determined to be a "self-locking failure".

[0098] Judgment criteria: The unlocking force should be within the range of 10N~40N.

[0099] S35. Measurement of load-bearing deformation (visual method): After applying the rated load to S31 and stabilizing for 3 seconds, the load-bearing deformation was measured.

[0100] The central control module 600 uses two industrial cameras in the vision inspection unit 410 to capture images of the left and right ends of the slide rail.

[0101] Inherent feature recognition: Automatically recognizes inherent features at both ends of the moving rail, including end face edges, riveting points, riveting holes, or stamping marks; the software uses template matching or deep learning-based feature point detection to locate the coordinates of the feature center.

[0102] Coordinate recording before loading: In the unloaded state, record the vertical pixel coordinates Y of the left feature point. left0 The pixel coordinate Y perpendicular to the feature point on the right. right0 .

[0103] Coordinate acquisition after loading: After applying the rated load and stabilizing for 3 seconds, take another picture and record the vertical pixel coordinate Y of the feature point on the left. left1 The pixel coordinate Y perpendicular to the feature point on the right. right1 .

[0104] Pixel displacement calculation: Left pixel displacement Δp left = Y left1 - Y left0 ; Right-end pixel displacement Δp right = Y right1 - Y right0 ; Calibration Conversion: By jointly calibrating the two cameras (using a calibration board of known dimensions to establish a pixel-to-millimeter mapping relationship), the pixel displacement is converted into the actual displacement value. Left end sinking amount Z left = Δpleft × k (k is the calibration coefficient, in mm / pixel); Right end sinking amount Z right = Δp right × k; Calculate deformation index: Vertical displacement difference between the two ends = |Z left - Z right |; Central subsidence = (Z) left + Z right ) / 2; If the inherent characteristics of the slide rail are not obvious, an online laser marking machine can be integrated upstream of the inspection station. Guided by vision, it can automatically create permanent marking points (such as cross lines or circular pits) at designated positions at both ends of the moving rail for subsequent tracking and inspection.

[0105] Judgment criteria (taking a 50kg class slide rail as an example): The vertical displacement difference between the two ends is ≤ 1.0mm; The central subsidence is ≤ 3.0mm; If any of the above standards are exceeded, the load-bearing capacity will be marked as "unqualified" and included in the performance assessment.

[0106] Step S4: Data Analysis and Judgment S41. Visual inspection: The visual inspection unit 410 takes an image once before the test, once during the test (every 100 cycles), and once after the test.

[0107] Image processing algorithms: Scratch detection: Sobel edge detection is used to extract linear features and calculate length and width. If the scratch length is >5mm or the width is >0.2mm, it is marked as an appearance defect.

[0108] Rust detection: Color segmentation (RGB space, R / G / B thresholds) is used to calculate the area of ​​the rusted region. If the area is greater than 2 mm², it is marked as an appearance defect.

[0109] Deformation inspection: Measure the straightness of the slide rail edge (fit a straight line using the least squares method and calculate the residual). If the maximum deviation is >0.5mm / m, mark it as an appearance defect.

[0110] Appearance assessment result: Pass / Fail.

[0111] S42. Performance Assessment: Compare the measured starting pull force, average running resistance, maximum withstand pull force, and force fluctuation rate with the thresholds described in S33. Any deviation exceeding the limit indicates performance failure.

[0112] Compare the unlocking force with the 10N~40N range; if it exceeds the range, mark it as a performance failure.

[0113] Compare the vertical deformation (difference in vertical displacement between the two ends and the subsidence in the middle) with the threshold in S35; if either exceeds the limit, mark it as unqualified.

[0114] S43, Overall Rating: Qualified product: The appearance and performance are both qualified.

[0115] Defective products: If one aspect of appearance or performance is unqualified, but the degree of defect is minor (such as scratch length of 3~5mm, unlocking force exceeding the range by no more than ±20%, force value fluctuation rate exceeding the threshold by no more than 5 percentage points, vertical displacement difference or sinking exceeding the threshold by no more than 20%, etc.), and it does not affect the basic function of the slide rail.

[0116] Scrap: Products with serious defects that render them unusable (such as deformed fixed rails, complete failure of self-locking, running resistance exceeding the threshold by more than 50%, vertical displacement difference or sinking exceeding the threshold by more than 50%, etc.).

[0117] Step S5: Sorting and Traceability S51, Generate ID: ID format: 8-digit date + 4-digit serial number + 2-digit slider type code; for example: 20260409000101.

[0118] QR code content: ID + detection timestamp + values ​​of various detection indicators (starting pull force, average resistance, unlocking force, sinking at both ends, sinking in the middle, straightness deviation, etc.) + judgment result, with a total length not exceeding 200 bytes.

[0119] S52, Data Binding: After the test is completed, the mounting base plate 210 is driven to rotate by a rotary motor, causing the slide rail to slide onto the conveying mechanism 500 (or be pushed down by a push plate).

[0120] The conveyor mechanism 500 transports the slide rail to the entrance of the sorting system 700.

[0121] The central control module 600 saves the raw data (force-displacement curve, audio spectrum, vertical deformation pixel displacement, etc.) collected in step S3 in CSV format.

[0122] Store the CSV file path, judgment results, detection parameters, etc., into a local database table.

[0123] At the same time, data is synchronized to the cloud server via wireless module (4G / 5G) (batch upload every 10 seconds, retries 3 times if it fails).

[0124] S53. Sorting Execution: The slide rail enters between the two vertical plates of the sorting push plate 710.

[0125] The central control module 600 controls the push-pull cylinder 720 to operate based on the judgment value (0 = qualified product, 1 = defective product, 2 = scrap). Qualified products: The sorting pusher plate 710 does not move, and the slide rail falls directly into the middle qualified product conveyor belt (corresponding qualified product channel).

[0126] Defective products: The sorting pusher plate 710 retracts to the left, pushing the slide rail into the defective product conveyor belt on the left (corresponding to the defective product channel).

[0127] Waste: The sorting pusher plate 710 pushes out to the right, pushing the slide rail into the waste conveyor belt on the right (corresponding waste channel).

[0128] Each conveyor belt transports items to the end collection bin via the slide rail. Each collection bin entrance is equipped with a photoelectric counter; the counter increments by 1 as the slide rail passes, and the current quantity is displayed on the screen. When the collection bin is full (count reaches 100), the equipment issues an audible and visual alarm to prompt replacement.

[0129] Steps S6-S7: Self-learning optimization S6, Data Mining: The central control module 600 automatically performs data analysis tasks at 2:00 AM every day.

[0130] Read the inspection records of the past 30 days and statistically analyze the pass rate, common defect types and their frequency of occurrence for each type of slide rail.

[0131] The SPC (Statistical Process Control) method was used to calculate the mean μ and standard deviation σ of various performance indicators (such as starting pull force, unlocking force, and mid-section sinking) and to draw control charts (UCL=μ+3σ, LCL=μ-3σ).

[0132] If seven consecutive points are located on the same side of the mean or a single point exceeds the control limit, it is marked as a process abnormality and an alarm notification is generated.

[0133] S7, Program Update: If the pass rate of three consecutive batches is less than 95%, the central control module 600 will automatically narrow the standard threshold: reduce the original threshold range by 20% (for example, adjust the original unlocking force of 10~40N to 14~36N; adjust the original central sinking amount of ≤3.0mm to ≤2.4mm).

[0134] If the pass rate is still below 90% after narrowing the threshold, the central control module 600 will issue an alarm signal to prompt the operator to check the upstream production line (such as stamping die wear, injection parameter drift, raw material batch abnormality, etc.).

[0135] All threshold adjustment records are saved in a log file and can be exported for analysis by quality engineers.

[0136] Data traceability: All test data can be queried via QR code.

[0137] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0138] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A performance testing and sorting device for finished slide rails, characterized in that, include: The frame (100) serves as the supporting structure for the entire machine; The inspection fixture (200) is set on the frame (100) and includes a mounting base plate (210) and a clamping mechanism (220) for fixing the fixed rail of the finished slide rail and automatically adjusting the clamping position and clamping posture according to the type of slide rail. The CNC simulation test assembly (300) includes a servo push-pull unit (310) and a load simulation unit (320) mounted on a frame (100) for simulating actual use scenarios to test the reciprocating push-pull and self-locking actions of the slide rail; The data acquisition system (400) includes a vision inspection unit (410), which is located above the frame (100) and is used to acquire images of the slide rail appearance to identify the slide rail type, detect surface scratches, deformation and coating defects, and measure the vertical deformation of the movable rail during load-bearing tests; the data acquisition system (400) is also used to acquire slide rail extension and smoothness data in real time. The sorting system (700) includes a sorting pusher plate (710) and a multi-channel conveyor belt (730) located at the end of the frame, which are used to automatically classify the slide rails into qualified products, defective products or waste products according to the test results, and transport them to the corresponding storage areas respectively. The central control module (600) is electrically connected to the servo push-pull unit (310), the data acquisition system (400), and the sorting system (700) respectively, and is used to control the operation of the equipment and process the detection data. The central control module (600) is configured to automatically retrieve the corresponding detection program according to the type of slide rail identified by the vision detection unit (410), and control the clamping mechanism (220) to adjust the clamping position and clamping posture.

2. The slide rail finished product performance testing and sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The testing fixture (200) includes: The mounting base plate (210) serves as the reference surface for the testing fixture and is used to place the slide rail. The clamping mechanism (220) includes four sets of clamping arms, which are disposed at the four corners of the mounting base plate (210). The clamping arms are configured to be movable, telescopic and rotatable along the X / Y / Z axes, and are used to adapt to fixed rails of different sizes and types.

3. The slide rail finished product performance testing and sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The numerical control simulation test component (300) includes: The servo push-pull unit (310) adopts a linear motor module, and a connecting plate is provided on its lower side. A load simulation unit (320) is installed on the connecting plate. A connector is provided on the lower side of the load simulation unit (320) for connecting the movable rail of the slide rail and applying simulated reciprocating motion to the slide rail. The load simulation unit (320) includes a loading device mounted on a connecting plate. The output end of the loading device is connected to the connector via a pressure block to simulate the downward vertical pressure exerted on the slide rail by drawers or door panels of different weights.

4. The slide rail finished product performance testing and sorting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data acquisition system (400) also includes: The acoustic detection module (420) is used to collect the noise spectrum during the movement of the slide rail in order to determine whether there is abnormal noise or ball jamming. A pressure sensor is installed between the output end of the load simulation unit (320) and the pressure block to detect the pressure load borne by the slide rail; A tension sensor is installed between the connector and the side wall of the pressure block to detect the tension value during the pushing and pulling process; A laser displacement sensor (430) is installed on one side of the mounting base plate (210) to detect the amount of telescopic displacement of the slide rail; The visual inspection unit (410) includes two industrial cameras, which are fixed on both sides above the frame (100) to collect images at both ends of the slide rail.

5. The slide rail finished product performance testing and sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting system (700) includes: The multi-stage diversion conveyor belt (710) consists of three independent conveyor belts arranged side by side, corresponding to the qualified product channel, the defective product channel and the scrap product channel respectively; The sorting push plate (710) is installed above the multi-stage diversion conveyor belt (710) and is driven by the push-pull cylinder (720); The data traceability module includes a QR code marking machine and a wireless module.

6. A method for performance testing and sorting of finished slide rails, performed using the equipment described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place the slide rail to be tested on the testing fixture, collect the appearance image of the slide rail through the vision inspection unit to identify the slide rail type, and call the corresponding testing program by the central control module. S2. Start the clamping mechanism and automatically adjust the clamping position and clamping posture according to the identified slide rail type. Fix the fixed rail of the slide rail to the mounting base plate and connect the movable rail to the CNC simulation test component. S3, the central control module controls the servo push-pull unit to drive the slide rail to perform a full-stroke reciprocating push-pull motion, while the data acquisition system collects various performance data in real time; S4. The central control module compares the collected data with the preset standard threshold to determine whether the slide rail's extension and retraction smoothness, self-locking reliability, and appearance are up to standard. S5. Based on the judgment result, the control sorting system will transport the slide rail to the corresponding qualified product channel, defective product channel or scrap channel, and store the detection data in the database.

7. The detection and sorting method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific process of step S3 is as follows: S31. Apply a preset rated load pressure through the load simulation unit; S32. Control the servo push-pull unit to reciprocate at a set speed to simulate the extension and retraction life of the slide rail; S33. During the push-pull process, the value change of the tension sensor is monitored in real time, and the displacement data collected by the laser displacement sensor is combined to calculate the starting tension, average running resistance, maximum tensile force and force fluctuation rate of the slide rail. S34. After pushing the slide rail to the locked position, apply a gradually increasing pulling force in the opposite direction, record the pulling force value at the moment of unlocking, and judge the self-locking reliability. S35. Using two cameras in the vision detection unit, images of both ends of the sliding rail are acquired before and after loading. The inherent features or markers at both ends of the sliding rail are identified, and the pixel displacement changes at both ends in the vertical direction are calculated. After calibration, the values ​​are converted into actual displacement values ​​to obtain the vertical deformation of the sliding rail.

8. The detection and sorting method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific process of step S4 is as follows: S41. By comparing images through a visual inspection unit, detect the straightness deviation, scratches, corrosion and deformation of the slide rail. If the straightness deviation exceeds the set threshold, or if there are scratches, corrosion or deformation, it is marked as unqualified in appearance. S42. If the starting pull force, average running resistance, maximum bearing pull force or force value fluctuation rate exceed the set threshold, or the unlocking force exceeds the specified range, or the vertical deformation exceeds the set threshold, it shall be marked as unqualified. S43. If the appearance and performance meet the standards, it is judged as a qualified product; if there are appearance or performance defects but they do not affect the use, it is judged as a defective product; if there are serious defects that make it unusable, it is judged as a scrap product.

9. The detection and sorting method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S5 specifically includes: S51. Generate a unique barcode ID or QR code ID for each detected slide rail; S52. Bind the raw data collected in step S3 and the judgment result in step S4 to this ID; S53, the central control module sends instructions to the sorting pusher plate to push the slide rails to the qualified product conveyor belt, the defective product conveyor belt, or the waste product conveyor belt respectively.

10. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes self-learning optimization steps: S6. The central control module regularly analyzes historical detection data and statistically analyzes common defect types. S7. Adjust the standard threshold dynamically based on the analysis results to adapt to the production quality fluctuations of different batches of slide rails.

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