Workpiece cold heading and punching device

Abstract

The application relates to a workpiece cold heading and punching device and belongs to the technical field of punching devices. The device comprises a punching workbench, an automatic feeding mechanism, a punching mechanism, a punching seat and a discharging linkage mechanism. The punching mechanism comprises a punching driving part, a punching driving shaft connected with the output end of the punching driving part and rotatably installed on the punching workbench and a crank punching assembly in transmission connection with the punching driving shaft and capable of reciprocating. The discharging linkage mechanism comprises an ejection rod slidingly installed on the punching seat, a driving rod slidingly arranged on the punching workbench and a transmission assembly connecting the ejection rod and the driving rod. A pushing block for pushing the driving rod is arranged on the punching driving shaft. When the crank punching assembly completes punching and retreats, the pushing block pushes the driving rod, and the ejection rod is driven to push the workpiece through the transmission assembly. The application has the effect of improving the feeding and discharging efficiency of a punched internal thread joint workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of punching and cutting equipment technology, and in particular to a workpiece cold heading punching and cutting equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the automotive manufacturing and assembly industry, various connecting pipes are widely used. These connecting pipes are typically formed using a cold heading process. Some of these parts have redundant block structures on the frustum or side of the main body that need to be removed to meet assembly accuracy and functional requirements. Reference Figure 1 To complete the punching of an internal threaded connector 6, the workpiece comprises, along its axial direction, a first column 61, an annular edge 62, and a second column 63. The length of the first column 61 is greater than that of the second column 63, and the annular edge 62 has two punched edges 64 formed by punching. Currently, for the removal of redundant block structures, punching equipment is commonly used to remove excess material. Existing equipment mostly adopts a vertical punching structure, that is, after the workpiece is conveyed to the operating table by a high-frequency feeding device, the punching unit moves downward in a vertical direction to shear and remove the side column parts to obtain a finished workpiece that meets production requirements.

[0003] After the aforementioned punching equipment completes the punching process, it is necessary to collect the waste and workpieces generated during punching. The waste falls directly under the action of the punching equipment, while the workpieces usually need to be manually picked up and placed in a storage box, or clamped and moved away by a robotic arm. This unloading process results in poor continuity of punching and low processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To improve the loading and unloading efficiency of punching internal threaded joint workpieces, this application provides a workpiece cold heading punching equipment.

[0005] The workpiece cold heading and punching equipment provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A workpiece cold heading and punching equipment includes a punching work frame, an automatic feeding mechanism disposed on the top of the punching work frame, a punching mechanism for horizontally punching workpieces, a punching seat disposed corresponding to the punch of the punching mechanism and for positioning and placing the workpiece, and a feeding linkage mechanism disposed in the punching seat. The punching mechanism includes a punching drive component, a punching drive shaft connected to the output end of the punching drive component and rotatably mounted on the punching work frame, and a crank punching assembly disposed on the punching drive shaft. The feeding linkage mechanism includes an ejector rod slidably mounted on the punching seat, a drive rod slidably mounted on the punching work frame, and a transmission assembly connecting the ejector rod and the drive rod. A push block for pushing the drive rod is provided on the punching drive shaft. When the crank punching assembly completes the punching retraction, the push block pushes the drive rod, and the transmission assembly drives the ejector rod to push the workpiece.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the power source of the feeding linkage mechanism is integrated into the push block on the punching drive shaft, realizing the time-sequential linkage between punching retraction and workpiece ejection. This eliminates the need for a separate cylinder or electromagnet to drive the ejector rod, simplifying the power source and control system. The crank punching assembly provides stable reciprocating punching motion, while the push block only triggers ejection during the return stroke, avoiding interference with workpiece positioning by the ejector rod during punching. This results in a compact equipment structure, reduced manufacturing costs, and, due to the high reliability of the mechanical linkage, fewer potential failure points for sensors and electrical components. It is particularly suitable for high-speed continuous punching operations, significantly improving equipment operational stability and production efficiency.

[0007] Optionally, the punching seat has a punching through hole for inserting the second column, the ejector rod is slidably installed in the punching through hole, and the punching seat is provided with a first return spring in the punching through hole to drive the ejector rod to reset.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the punching head presses into the workpiece, the workpiece pushes the ejector rod to move backward. However, since the unloading linkage mechanism has not yet been activated, the compression of the first return spring is very small or basically not compressed, which has a certain buffering effect on the punching force. When the crank punching assembly retracts, the linkage mechanism drives the ejector rod to push the workpiece forward. At this time, the first return spring is compressed and stores energy. After the workpiece is completely removed from the punching through hole, the linkage mechanism releases the force, and the first return spring releases its elastic force, causing the ejector rod to automatically return to the waiting position.

[0009] Optionally, the crank punching assembly includes a crank portion and a punching portion. The punching portion has a punching head on one side facing the punching seat. The punching head has a punching forming hole. The punching portion has a feeding channel communicating with the punching forming hole, and the bottom of the feeding channel is through.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the punching forming hole inside the punching head is used to accommodate the ejected workpiece and provide full circumferential constraint on the workpiece ring during punching to ensure neat cut edges. The material discharge channel is connected to the punching forming hole, so that the workpiece slides directly to the collection box outside the equipment under the push of the ejector rod, without the need for additional robotic arms or air blowing devices, thus shortening the transfer path of the workpiece from the punching station to the collection box.

[0011] Optionally, the drive rod includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod fixedly connected to the first connecting rod, a second return spring sleeved on the second connecting rod, and a drive push rod disposed at the end of the second connecting rod. The punching work frame is provided with a drive guide sleeve through which the second connecting rod passes. The two ends of the second return spring abut against the drive guide sleeve and the second connecting rod, respectively. The second connecting rod has a limit guide hole in the horizontal direction, and the punching work frame is provided with a limit guide post arranged in the limit guide hole.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, after the push block disengages from the rotating block, the second return spring causes the entire drive rod to return to its original position. The drive guide sleeve ensures that the second connecting rod makes precise linear motion and reduces sway. The cooperation between the limiting guide hole and the limiting guide post limits the maximum backward stroke of the second connecting rod, reducing the probability of the second return spring failing or being damaged due to excessive compression. The above structure ensures that the drive rod can reliably return to its initial position in each punching cycle, ensuring a certain contact gap between the push block and the rotating block in the next cycle. The drive push rod and the transmission assembly adopt a floating contact method, which facilitates equipment debugging and maintenance.

[0013] Optionally, a rotating block is hinged to the end of the first connecting rod, the rotating block is rotatably mounted on the punching work frame, and the rotating block is provided with a pushing arc surface for the pushing block to abut against.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating block converts the thrust direction of the pushing block into the axial movement of the driving rod, and pushes the arc surface to make the two make line contact or small area contact, reducing the stress concentration at the moment of impact. The rotating block rotates around the fixed axis, and when the pushing block contacts the inclined surface, the rotating block swings, thereby pushing the first connecting rod to move linearly.

[0015] Optionally, the transmission assembly includes a first transmission block slidably mounted on the punching work frame, a transmission rod rotatably mounted on the punching work frame, and a third return spring for driving the first transmission block to reset. The two ends of the transmission rod are respectively hinged to the first transmission block and the ejector rod.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the drive rod pushes the first transmission block, the first transmission block drives the transmission rod to rotate around its central fulcrum. The other end of the transmission rod pushes the ejector rod forward, thus ejecting the workpiece. After the drive rod retracts, the third return spring pulls the first transmission block back to its initial position, and simultaneously drives the ejector rod to return to its original position via the transmission rod. The hinged connection allows for a certain angular error between the components, avoiding jamming caused by rigid connections.

[0017] Optionally, the automatic feeding mechanism includes a vibrating feeding plate, a feeding guide rail disposed at the output end of the vibrating feeding plate, and a feeding assembly for conveying the workpiece to the punching seat. The feeding assembly includes a feeding horizontal plate that fits into the output end of the feeding guide rail, a first feeding drive component that drives the feeding horizontal plate to move, a second feeding drive component that is disposed on the feeding horizontal plate, and an electromagnetic vibration component. One end of the feeding horizontal plate is provided with a dropping groove for a single workpiece to fall into, and the second feeding drive component and the dropping groove are respectively disposed. The outer side of the punching frame is provided with a fixed seat for the feeding horizontal plate to pass through. The electromagnetic vibrator is installed on the fixed seat. When the material drop chute moves to the corresponding feeding guide rail, it drives the feeding horizontal plate to vibrate.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the feeding horizontal plate moves horizontally under the action of the first feeding drive, so that the dropping groove switches back and forth between the feeding guide rail outlet and the punching seat insertion hole. When the dropping groove is aligned with the feeding guide rail, the electromagnetic vibrator generates high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration, which causes the workpiece to overcome the friction between the end of the guide rail and the dropping groove and fall smoothly into the dropping groove. The second feeding drive is used to push the workpiece in the dropping groove into the punching seat.

[0019] Optionally, the top of the feeding horizontal plate is provided with a sliding groove that connects to the discharge groove and allows the annular edge of the workpiece to slide. The feeding horizontal plate is provided with an elastic baffle plate on one side of the discharge groove to block the workpiece.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding groove and the annular edge of the workpiece form a sliding fit, providing guidance during the process of the workpiece sliding from the feeding guide rail into the dropping groove, preventing the workpiece from tilting, tipping over or rotating, and ensuring that each workpiece enters the dropping groove in the same posture. The elastic baffle is installed on the side of the dropping groove near the punching seat, and in its natural state, it prevents the workpiece from sliding out of the dropping groove. When the first feeding drive unit drives the feeding horizontal plate to reset, the workpiece overcomes the elastic force of the elastic baffle and pushes it away. After passing through, the elastic baffle automatically resets.

[0021] Optionally, the first feeding drive includes a feeding bracket fixed to the punching work frame, a feeding rotating column rotatably mounted on the feeding bracket, a first transmission column disposed at one end of the feeding rotating column, and a second transmission column disposed at the other end of the feeding rotating column; the crank punching assembly is provided with a pushing inclined surface for pushing the second transmission column, and the second transmission column and the feeding cross plate are hinged and fixed.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the structural composition of the first feeding drive component is specifically disclosed. The first feeding drive component and the crank punching assembly are synchronously linked, so that the punching, feeding and unloading of the whole device are all realized through a single drive component, making the movement of the whole equipment more stable and consistent.

[0023] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: By integrating the power source of the unloading linkage mechanism and the power source of the loading mechanism into the punching drive shaft, the timing linkage of punching retraction, workpiece ejection and loading is realized, eliminating the need for a separate cylinder or electromagnet to drive the ejection rod, thus simplifying the power source and control system. The cooperation between the limiting guide hole and the limiting guide post restricts the maximum backward stroke of the second link, reducing the probability of the second return spring failing or being damaged due to excessive compression. The above structure enables the drive rod to reliably return to the initial position in each punching cycle, ensuring a certain contact gap between the push block and the rotating block in the next cycle. The electromagnetic vibrating component generates high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration, which causes the workpiece to overcome the friction between the end of the guide rail and the blanking groove and fall smoothly into the blanking groove. The second feeding drive component is used to push the workpiece in the blanking groove into the punching seat. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece structure after processing in the background art.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the punching mechanism in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the punching section in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the outer structure of the linkage mechanism in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first feeding drive component in the embodiment of this application.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Punching work frame; 11. Material distribution partition; 12. Inclined guide plate; 13. Workpiece storage box; 14. Drive guide sleeve; 15. Limiting guide post; 16. Fixed seat; 161. Guide reset rod; 2. Automatic feeding mechanism; 21. Vibrating feeding tray; 22. Feeding guide rail; 23. Feeding assembly; 231. Feeding horizontal plate; 2311. Drop chute; 2312. Sliding groove; 2313. Elastic baffle; 232. First feeding drive component; 2321. Feeding bracket; 2322. Feeding rotating column; 2323. First transmission column; 2324. Second transmission column; 2325. Feeding drive wheel; 233. Second feeding drive component; 234. Feeding elastic component; 3. Punching mechanism; 31. Punching drive component; 32. Punching drive shaft; 321. Push block; 33. Crank punching assembly; 331, crank section; 332, punching section; 3321, punching head; 3322, punching forming hole; 3323, material feeding channel; 333, buffer pad; 334, driving inclined surface; 4, punching seat; 41, punching bracket; 42, punching positioning post; 43, punching through hole; 5, material feeding linkage mechanism; 51, ejector rod; 52, driving rod; 521, first connecting rod; 522, second connecting rod; 5221, limit guide hole; 523, second return spring; 524, driving ejector rod; 525, rotating block; 5251, pushing arc surface; 53, transmission assembly; 531, first transmission block; 532, transmission rod; 533, third return spring; 54, first return spring; 6, internal threaded joint; 61, first column; 62, annular edge; 63, second column. Detailed Implementation

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Since the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be arranged in different directions, these terms indicating direction are only for illustration and should not be regarded as limitations. For example, "upper" and "lower" are not necessarily limited to directions opposite to or consistent with the direction of gravity. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0035] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-9 This application will be described in further detail.

[0036] This application discloses a workpiece cold heading and punching equipment.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 A workpiece cold heading punching equipment includes a punching work frame 1, an automatic feeding mechanism 2 disposed on the top of the punching work frame 1 for feeding workpieces one by one, a punching mechanism 3 disposed at the bottom of the automatic feeding mechanism 2, a punching seat 4 disposed corresponding to the punch of the punching mechanism 3, and a material unloading linkage mechanism 5 disposed on the punching seat 4.

[0038] The punching work stand 1 is an overall ring-shaped rectangular metal frame, and the punching mechanism 3 is installed on one side inside the punching work stand 1. The punching mechanism 3 includes a punching drive component 31, a punching drive shaft 32 connected to the output end of the punching drive component 31 and rotatably mounted on the punching work stand 1, and a crank punching assembly 33.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The punching drive 31 consists of two parts: a conventional drive motor and a reduction gear. The punching drive shaft 32 and the output end of the reduction gear are fixedly connected. The crank punching assembly 33 includes a crank portion 331 fixed to the punching drive shaft 32 and a punching portion 332 hinged to one end of the punching portion 332 and slidably mounted inside the punching work frame 1.

[0040] The crank section 331 includes a crank plate, a connecting rod, and a slider, a structure common in crank presses. The crank plate is fixedly mounted on the punching drive shaft 32 and rotates with it. One end of the connecting rod is eccentrically connected to the crank plate via a crank pin, and the other end is hinged to the slider. The slider is mounted inside the punching work stand 1 via a guide rail and can only perform reciprocating linear motion in the horizontal direction. When the punching drive shaft 32 rotates, the crank plate drives the connecting rod to move, thereby causing the slider to move back and forth according to a sinusoidal law. The punching section 332 is fixedly mounted on the side of the slider facing the punching seat 4, and a punching head 3321 is provided at the front end of the punching section 332.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The punching head 3321 can be designed according to the shape of the annular ring to be removed from the workpiece. In this embodiment, the punching head 3321 is cylindrical, and its front end face has a punching forming hole 3322. The inner diameter of the punching forming hole 3322 is adapted to the outer diameter of the workpiece annular ring. During punching, the first column 61 and the annular edge 62 of the workpiece are pushed into the punching forming hole 3322. The cutting edge of the punching forming hole 3322 cooperates with the fixed cutting edge on the punching seat 4 to remove both sides of the workpiece annular ring.

[0042] The punching section 332 also has a feeding channel 3323 inside. One end of the feeding channel 3323 is connected to the punching forming hole 3322, and the other end passes through the upper and lower sides of the punching section 332, forming a through structure. A buffer pad 333 is provided at the end of the feeding channel 3323 away from the punching seat 4. When the workpiece is pushed into the punching forming hole 3322 by the ejector rod 51, the workpiece is pushed into the feeding channel 3323 and slides down under the action of gravity. The inner side of the punching work frame 1 is provided with a separating partition 11 that separates waste and products. The separating partition 11 divides the inner side of the punching work frame 1 into a waste area and a feeding area. A waste collection box is provided in the waste area. An inclined guide plate 12 is inclinedly provided in the feeding area. The inclined guide plate 12 guides the workpiece to the workpiece storage box 13 on the outside of the punching work frame 1, realizing automatic material collection.

[0043] The punching seat 4 is installed on the other side of the punching work frame 1, and includes a punching bracket 41 and a punching positioning post 42. The punching positioning post 42 has a punching through hole 43 that passes through both end faces and allows the second post 63 of the workpiece to be inserted. The punching through hole 43 and the second post 63 form a clearance fit. The punching through hole 43 corresponds to the punching forming hole 3322.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The feeding linkage mechanism 5 includes an ejector rod 51 that is slidably installed in the punching through hole 43, a drive rod 52 that is located on the outside of the punching work frame 1, and a transmission assembly 53 for transmitting the ejector rod 51 and the drive rod 52.

[0045] The ejector rod 51 is a cylindrical rod, with its outer diameter slidingly fitted to the inner diameter of the punching through hole 43. The punching seat 4 is also equipped with a first return spring 54 within the punching through hole 43. The first return spring 54 is sleeved on the ejector rod 51 to achieve the return of the ejector rod 51 after it has been ejected. The distance from the end of the ejector rod 51 to the opening of the punching through hole 43 is less than the axial length of the second column 63, and this distance is between 1cm and 2cm. This distance allows the first return spring 54 to provide a certain degree of buffering effect when the workpiece is pushed during punching.

[0046] The distance from the punching forming hole 3322 to the bottom opening of the unloading channel 3323 is at least half the length of the workpiece. This distance is defined as the waiting section, which ensures that the workpiece will not fall from the unloading channel 3323 immediately after punching. When the punching head 3321 has just completed punching, that is, when the end face of the punching head 3321 is in contact with the punching seat 4, the top of the material distribution plate 11 corresponds to the waiting section.

[0047] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6The drive rod 52 includes a first connecting rod 521, a second connecting rod 522, a second return spring 523, and a drive push rod 524. The first connecting rod 521 and the second connecting rod 522 are fixedly connected by a hinge seat, and the first connecting rod 521 is located on the side closer to the punching drive shaft 32. A rotating block 525 is hinged to the end of the first connecting rod 521, and the rotating block 525 is rotatably mounted on the punching work frame 1 via a rotating shaft.

[0048] The rotating block 525 is provided with a pushing arc surface 5251. One end of the punching drive shaft 32 passes through the punching work frame 1 to the outside, and a pushing block 321 corresponding to the rotating block 525 is provided on the outer part. When the pushing block 321 of the punching drive shaft 32 rotates to the position of contacting the rotating block 525, the pushing block 321 contacts the pushing arc surface 5251. As the pushing block 321 continues to rotate, the pressure it applies to the pushing arc surface 5251 forces the rotating block 525 to swing around its axis, thereby pushing the first connecting rod 521 forward.

[0049] One end of the second connecting rod 522 is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod 521, and the other end extends horizontally. A drive guide sleeve 14 is provided on the outer side of the punching work frame 1 for the second connecting rod 522 to pass through. A second return spring 523 is sleeved on the second connecting rod 522, and its two ends abut against the shoulders of the drive guide sleeve 14 and the second connecting rod 522, respectively. The drive push rod 524 is fixedly disposed at the other end of the second connecting rod 522.

[0050] When the push block 321 pushes the first connecting rod 521 and the second connecting rod 522 forward, the second return spring 523 is compressed; when the push block 321 disengages, the second return spring 523 releases its elastic force, causing the entire drive rod 52 to move backward and return to its original position. A limiting guide hole 5221 is also provided on the second connecting rod 522 in the horizontal direction; the limiting guide hole 5221 is an oblong hole. A limiting guide post 15 is fixedly installed on the punching work frame 1, with one end of the limiting guide post 15 positioned in the limiting guide hole 5221. The cooperation between the limiting guide hole 5221 and the limiting guide post 15 limits the maximum backward travel of the second connecting rod 522.

[0051] The transmission assembly 53 includes a first transmission block 531, a transmission rod 532, and a third return spring 533. The first transmission block 531 is slidably mounted on the outside of the punching work frame 1, and its sliding direction is consistent with the moving direction of the drive rod 52, and it is correspondingly arranged with the drive push rod 524.

[0052] The transmission rod 532 is rotatably mounted on the punching work frame 1, and its rotation is achieved through an intermediate rotating shaft. One end of the transmission rod 532 is hinged to the first transmission block 531, and the other end is hinged to the ejector rod 51. The hinged connection can be in the form of a pin and a cotter pin. One end of the third return spring 533 is fixed to the first transmission block 531, and the other end is fixed to the punching work frame 1, and it is used to drive the first transmission block 531 to return to its original position.

[0053] When the drive rod 524 pushes the first transmission block 531 forward, the first transmission block 531 drives the transmission rod 532 to rotate around its axis. The other end of the transmission rod 532 then pushes the ejector rod 51 in the opposite direction, i.e., towards the punch head 3321, thereby ejecting the workpiece. When the drive rod 524 retracts, the third return spring 533 pulls the first transmission block 531 back to its initial position, and simultaneously drives the ejector rod 51 to move backward and reset via the transmission rod 532. The reset of the ejector rod 51 is accomplished by the combined action of the first return spring 54 and the third return spring 533. The first return spring 54 provides the direct reset force for the ejector rod 51, while the third return spring 533 indirectly assists in the reset through the transmission rod 532. The two work together to ensure that the ejector rod 51 can reliably return to the waiting position.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 7 The automatic feeding mechanism 2 is used to transport the bolt-shaped workpieces to be processed one by one to the punching seat 4, and its whole is installed on the top of the punching work frame 1.

[0055] The automatic feeding mechanism 2 includes a vibrating feeding plate 21, a feeding guide rail 22, and a feeding assembly 23. The vibrating feeding plate 21 has a spirally rising material channel inside, which causes the workpieces to be arranged in an orderly manner and conveyed upward through high-frequency vibration. The feeding guide rail 22 is connected to the output end of the vibrating feeding plate 21, and the groove width is adapted to the length of the workpiece, thereby ensuring that the workpieces move forward in a uniform posture.

[0056] The feeding assembly 23 includes a feeding horizontal plate 231, a first feeding drive component 232, a second feeding drive component 233, and an electromagnetic vibration component. The feeding horizontal plate 231 is a long strip of metal plate, arranged horizontally and attached to the output end of the feeding guide rail 22. A material drop groove 2311 is provided at one end of the feeding horizontal plate 231. The material drop groove 2311 is a through-slot structure that runs through both ends, and its shape is fitted with the clearance of the workpiece. The depth of the material drop groove 2311 is sufficient to accommodate a single workpiece.

[0057] The dimensions of the unloading chute 2311 are precisely designed to ensure that only one workpiece can fall into it at a time, achieving single-piece separation. A sliding groove 2312 is also provided at the top of the loading horizontal plate 231. The sliding groove 2312 is connected to the unloading chute 2311, and the width of the sliding groove 2312 is clearance-fitted with the outer diameter of the workpiece's annular ring. When the workpiece slides from the loading guide rail 22 to the unloading chute 2311, the workpiece's annular ring is embedded in the sliding groove 2312 and moves along the sliding groove 2312. The sliding groove 2312 serves as a guide and prevents overturning, ensuring that the workpiece maintains the correct posture throughout the transfer process.

[0058] The loading horizontal plate 231 is driven by the first loading drive component 232 to move horizontally reciprocally. The first loading drive component 232 includes a loading bracket 2321, a loading rotating column 2322, a first transmission column 2323, and a second transmission column 2324. The loading bracket 2321 is welded and fixed to the outside of the punching work frame 1, and includes upper and lower sets of circular holes for the loading rotating column 2322 to be inserted. The loading rotating column 2322 is rotatably mounted on the loading bracket 2321 via bearings.

[0059] One end of the first transmission column 2323 is fixed to the top of the feeding rotating column 2322, and the other end of the first transmission column 2323 is provided with a feeding drive wheel 2325. The top of the punching part 332 is provided with a drive block corresponding to the feeding drive wheel 2325, and the drive block is provided with a drive inclined surface 334 for pushing the feeding drive wheel 2325.

[0060] One end of the second transmission column 2324 is fixed to the bottom of the feeding rotating column 2322, and the other end of the second transmission column 2324 is hinged and fixed to the feeding horizontal plate 231 below the punching work frame 1. When the punching part 332 performs the punching action, the driving inclined surface 334 pushes the first transmission column 2323 to rotate, which drives the feeding rotating column 2322 to rotate, which in turn drives the second transmission column 2324 to rotate, and finally drives the feeding horizontal plate 231 to move away from the punching seat 4.

[0061] The loading plate 231 passes through a fixed seat 16, which is installed on the outside of the punching work frame 1. A wear-resistant copper sleeve is installed inside the fixed seat 16 to provide precise guidance for the sliding of the loading plate 231. An electromagnetic vibrator (not shown in the figure) is installed on the fixed seat 16. When the loading plate 231 moves to the position corresponding to the outlet of the discharge chute 2311 and the loading guide rail 22, the electromagnetic vibrator is triggered, applying high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration to the loading plate 231, causing the workpiece to slide smoothly into the discharge chute 2311 and avoiding jamming or empty material. The fixed seat 16 also has two sets of guide reset rods 161, each fitted with two sets of loading elastic elements 234 for resetting the loading plate 231.

[0062] On the side of the feeding chute 2311 of the feeding horizontal plate 231 near the punching seat 4, an elastic baffle 2313 is also provided. The elastic baffle 2313 can be made of spring steel or thin stainless steel, with one end fixed to the bottom wall of the feeding horizontal plate 231 and the other end extending upward to the top of the feeding horizontal plate 231. In its natural state, the elastic baffle 2313 uses its own elasticity to prevent the workpiece from sliding out of the feeding chute 2311, reducing the probability of the workpiece accidentally falling off due to equipment vibration. When the first feeding drive 232 drives the feeding horizontal plate 231 to reset, the elastic baffle 2313 abuts against the workpiece and tilts against its own elasticity, allowing the feeding horizontal plate 231 to return to the position corresponding to the feeding chute 2311 and the feeding guide rail 22. The elastic baffle 2313 acts as a one-way check valve.

[0063] The second feeding drive unit 233 is mounted on the feeding horizontal plate 231, and its output shaft is coaxially arranged with the unloading groove 2311. The second feeding drive unit 233 is a small cylinder or electromagnetic push rod, and its stroke is matched with the length of the workpiece. When the feeding horizontal plate 231 moves the unloading groove 2311 to a position aligned with the insertion hole on the punching seat 4, the second feeding drive unit 233 is activated, pushing the workpiece in the unloading groove 2311 forward into the punching seat 4.

[0064] The implementation principle of one embodiment of this application is as follows: the vibrating feeding plate 21 conveys the workpiece to the dropping groove 2311 of the feeding horizontal plate 231 via the feeding guide rail 22. The feeding horizontal plate 231 moves toward the punching seat 4. The second feeding drive 233 pushes the workpiece into the punching through hole 43 of the punching seat 4. The end face of the workpiece contacts the ejector rod 51 to complete the positioning. The crank-driven punching assembly 33 drives the punching head 3321 to move horizontally towards the punching seat 4, punching both sides of the workpiece's annular ring. The cut arc-shaped scrap falls downwards into the scrap bin. During the punching process, the workpiece slightly pushes the ejector rod 51; After punching is completed, the punching head 3321 begins to retract. At this time, the pushing block 321 just contacts the pushing arc surface 5251 of the rotating block 525, pushing the drive rod 52 forward. The drive rod 52 pushes the ejector rod 51 forward through the transmission assembly 53. The ejector rod 51 pushes the workpiece out of the punching through hole 43 and into the punching forming hole 3322 inside the punching head 3321. During this process, the first return spring 54 is compressed and stores energy. After the pushing block 321 disengages, the drive rod 52 retracts under the action of the second return spring 523. The first return spring 54 and the third return spring 533 reset the ejector rod 51. Under the action of gravity, the workpiece slides down the unloading channel 3323 below the punching section 332 to the collection box, completing one work cycle.

[0065] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A workpiece cold heading and punching equipment, characterized in that, It includes a punching work frame (1), an automatic feeding mechanism (2) set on the top of the punching work frame (1), a punching mechanism (3) for horizontal punching of workpieces, a punching seat (4) set corresponding to the punch of the punching mechanism (3) and for positioning the workpiece, and a feeding linkage mechanism (5) set in the punching seat (4). The punching mechanism (3) includes a punching drive (31), a punching drive shaft (32) connected to the output end of the punching drive (31) and rotatably mounted on the punching work frame (1), and a crank punching assembly (33) connected to the punching drive shaft (32). The feeding linkage mechanism (5) includes an ejector rod (51) slidably mounted on the punching seat (4), a drive rod (52) slidably mounted on the punching work frame (1), and a transmission assembly (53) connecting the ejector rod (51) and the drive rod (52). A push block (321) for pushing the drive rod (52) is provided on the punching drive shaft (32). When the crank punching assembly (33) completes the punching retraction, the push block (321) pushes the drive rod (52) and drives the ejector rod (51) to push the workpiece through the transmission assembly (53).

2. The workpiece cold heading and punching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The punching seat (4) has a punching through hole (43) for the second column (63) to be inserted. The ejector rod (51) is slidably installed in the punching through hole (43), and the punching seat (4) is provided with a first return spring (54) in the punching through hole (43) to drive the ejector rod (51) to return to its original position.

3. The workpiece cold heading and punching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crank punching assembly (33) includes a crank portion (331) and a punching portion (332). The punching portion (332) has a punching head (3321) on the side facing the punching seat (4). The punching head (3321) has a punching forming hole (3322). The punching portion (332) has a feeding channel (3323) that communicates with the punching forming hole (3322). The bottom of the feeding channel (3323) is through.

4. The workpiece cold heading and punching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive rod (52) includes a first connecting rod (521), a second connecting rod (522) fixedly connected to the first connecting rod (521), a second return spring (523) sleeved on the second connecting rod (522), and a drive top rod (524) disposed at the end of the second connecting rod (522). The punching work frame (1) is provided with a drive guide sleeve (14) through which the second connecting rod (522) passes. The two ends of the second return spring (523) abut against the drive guide sleeve (14) and the second connecting rod (522) respectively. The second connecting rod (522) has a limit guide hole (5221) in the horizontal direction, and the punching work frame (1) is provided with a limit guide post (15) arranged in the limit guide hole (5221).

5. The workpiece cold heading and punching equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end of the first link (521) is hinged with a rotating block (525), which is rotatably mounted on the punching work frame (1). The rotating block (525) is provided with a pushing arc surface (5251) for the pushing block (321) to abut.

6. The workpiece cold heading and punching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (53) includes a first transmission block (531) slidably mounted on the punching work frame (1), a transmission rod (532) rotatably mounted on the punching work frame (1), and a third reset spring (533) for driving the first transmission block (531) to reset. The two ends of the transmission rod (532) are respectively hinged to the first transmission block (531) and the ejector rod (51).

7. The workpiece cold heading and punching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic feeding mechanism (2) includes a vibrating feeding plate (21), a feeding guide rail (22) disposed at the output end of the vibrating feeding plate (21), and a feeding assembly (23) for conveying the workpiece to the punching seat (4). The feeding assembly (23) includes a feeding horizontal plate (231) that fits into the output end of the feeding guide rail (22), a first feeding drive (232) that drives the feeding horizontal plate (231) to move, a second feeding drive (233) disposed on the feeding horizontal plate (231), and an electromagnetic vibration component. One end of the feeding horizontal plate (231) is provided with a dropping groove (2311) for a single workpiece to fall. The second feeding drive (233) and the dropping groove (2311) are respectively disposed. The punching work frame (1) is provided with a fixed seat (16) for the feeding horizontal plate (231) to pass through, and the electromagnetic vibrator (234) is provided on the fixed seat (16); when the material drop chute (2311) moves to the corresponding feeding guide rail (22), it drives the feeding horizontal plate (231) to vibrate.

8. The workpiece cold heading and punching equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the feeding horizontal plate (231) is provided with a sliding groove (2312) that connects to the dropping groove (2311) and allows the annular edge (62) of the workpiece to slide. The feeding horizontal plate (231) is provided with an elastic baffle (2313) on one side of the dropping groove (2311) to block the workpiece.

9. A workpiece cold heading and punching equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first feeding drive component (232) includes a feeding bracket (2321) fixed to the punching work frame (1), a feeding rotating column (2322) rotatably mounted on the feeding bracket (2321), a first transmission column (2323) disposed at one end of the feeding rotating column (2322), and a second transmission column (2324) disposed at the other end of the feeding rotating column (2322); the crank punching assembly (33) is provided with a driving inclined surface (334) for pushing the second transmission column (2324), and the second transmission column (2324) and the feeding cross plate (231) are hinged and fixed.

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