A method for one-step processing of fluorosilane ultrasonic solution assisted laser

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of super-hydrophobic surface manufacturing, and particularly relates to a fluorosilane ultrasonic solution assisted laser one-step processing method. The method comprises the following steps: immersing a sample into a fluorosilane solution, and under the combined action of heating, ultrasonic vibration and laser processing, performing integrated micro-nano structure processing and chemical modification on the surface of the sample; after the processing is completed, the sample is continuously immersed into the fluorosilane solution, and after drying, a super-hydrophobic surface is obtained. The metal sample is simultaneously heated, ultrasonically vibrated and laser processed in the fluorosilane solution, so that the integration of micro-nano structure construction and low-surface-energy chemical modification is simultaneously completed, the problems of complex traditional step-by-step process, low efficiency, unstable interface bonding and the like are effectively overcome, the process steps are significantly simplified, and the preparation efficiency and structure uniformity of the super-hydrophobic surface are improved. The method avoids the complexity of the traditional multi-step process, and significantly improves the stability and durability of the super-hydrophobic surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of superhydrophobic surface manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a one-step laser processing method assisted by ultrasonic solution of fluorosilane. Background Technology

[0002] Superhydrophobic surfaces, characterized by large contact angles and low surface energy, effectively repel water and prevent fouling, making them widely used in self-cleaning, corrosion prevention, and anti-icing applications. However, most metal surfaces are hydrophilic, making them susceptible to water, dirt, and corrosive environments, which reduces their stability and lifespan.

[0003] Current methods for preparing superhydrophobic metal surfaces generally employ a step-by-step approach. This involves first constructing micro / nano structures on the metal surface using mechanical processing and laser etching, followed by chemical modification with low surface energy materials (such as fluorosilanes) to achieve superhydrophobic properties. This method is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also prone to problems such as weak interfacial adhesion and uneven modification layers due to improper step transitions, thus reducing the durability and stability of the superhydrophobic coating. For example, existing technologies disclose a process for preparing superhydrophobic surfaces of titanium alloys. Although this achieves superhydrophobicity through mechanical extrusion combined with fluorosilane modification, its step-by-step processing significantly impacts preparation efficiency and coating consistency. Furthermore, some technologies attempt to combine structure preparation and surface modification processes to simplify the workflow, but these still face key technical challenges in practical application. For example, while laser processing of superhydrophobic surfaces in low surface energy liquids may promise one-step molding, the high temperature generated by the laser can easily vaporize the surrounding liquid to form bubbles, causing the laser beam to refract and scatter. This can interfere with the precise construction of micro- and nano-structures, affecting the consistency of surface morphology and the reliability of superhydrophobic properties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a one-step processing method for fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted laser processing, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art. This method prepares microstructured superhydrophobic metal surfaces through one-step processing, solving the limitations and shortcomings of the existing step-by-step and complex metal superhydrophobic surface preparation process, and improving the stability and durability of superhydrophobic surfaces.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface by one-step laser processing using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted machining, comprising the following steps: The sample is immersed in a fluorosilane solution, and the surface of the sample is processed and chemically modified by heating, ultrasonic vibration and laser processing. After processing, the sample is immersed in a fluorosilane solution again and dried to obtain a superhydrophobic surface.

[0006] By simultaneously heating, ultrasonicating, and laser processing metal samples in a fluorosilane solution, the integrated and simultaneous completion of micro / nano structure construction and low surface energy chemical modification is achieved. This effectively overcomes the problems of complex, inefficient, and unstable interfacial bonding in traditional stepwise processes, significantly simplifies the process steps, and improves the preparation efficiency and structural uniformity of superhydrophobic surfaces.

[0007] Secondly, this invention provides a superhydrophobic surface with a contact angle of 150-160° and a height fluctuation range of approximately -12 to 12.5 μm. This surface not only possesses excellent superhydrophobic properties but also exhibits a significant microscopic three-dimensional rough structure, achieving a high degree of synergy between chemical low surface energy modification and physical micro / nano structure.

[0008] Thirdly, this invention provides applications of superhydrophobic surfaces in the fields of self-cleaning, corrosion prevention, anti-icing, and drag reduction. It exhibits excellent surface stability and functional durability in applications such as self-cleaning, waterproofing, and corrosion prevention.

[0009] Fourthly, the present invention provides an apparatus for one-step laser processing of superhydrophobic surfaces using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted processing, comprising a reactor and a metal sample, a fluorosilane solution, an ultrasonic transducer, and a temperature heater disposed therein, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is connected to an ultrasonic generator. It also includes a laser generator and a laser galvanometer connected in sequence, the laser galvanometer being used to emit a laser beam; It also includes a microcomputer controller, which is connected to both the ultrasonic generator and the laser generator.

[0010] This integrated processing device, by integrating a reactor, ultrasonic processing unit, laser processing unit, and microcomputer controller, enables simultaneous ultrasonic vibration, temperature control, and laser micromachining of metal samples in a fluorosilane solution, thereby completing surface microstructure construction and low surface energy chemical modification in one step. This integrated device effectively solves the problems of complex processes, low efficiency, and unstable interfacial bonding in traditional stepwise processes, and has outstanding advantages such as high process integration, simple operation, good processing consistency, and suitability for large-scale preparation.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention achieves synergistic coupling of multiple physical fields—laser, ultrasound, fluorosilane solution medium, and temperature field—significantly improving the forming quality and performance of superhydrophobic surfaces. Specifically, the cavitation and impact effects generated by ultrasonic vibration effectively break up bubbles produced during laser processing and wash away surface melt, improving the microstructure forming accuracy and surface smoothness. Simultaneously, ultrasound makes the low surface energy components in the fluorosilane solution more uniformly distributed, allowing for continuous and sufficient delivery of modification materials to the laser processing area, enhancing the uniformity of chemical modification. Furthermore, the introduction of the temperature field increases the activity of solution molecules, promoting the chemical reaction and adhesion efficiency of fluorosilane on the surface of the laser-melted micro-region. These multi-field coupling effects achieve efficient and uniform integrated forming of micro / nano structures and chemical modifications, thereby improving the overall performance and process stability of the superhydrophobic surface.

[0012] This invention creatively proposes a one-step laser processing method for preparing superhydrophobic surfaces using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted processing. This method not only effectively solves the limitations of traditional multi-step and complex superhydrophobic surface preparation processes, but also significantly improves the stability and service life of superhydrophobic surfaces. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the apparatus for one-step laser processing of superhydrophobic surfaces using ultrasonic solution-assisted fluorosilane in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the microstructured superhydrophobic surface processed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Among them, 1-metal sample, 2-fluorosilane solution, 3-ultrasonic transducer, 4-ultrasonic generator, 5-microcomputer controller, 6-laser generator, 7-laser galvanometer, 8-laser beam, 9-temperature heater, 10-microstructure surface. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Specific conditions not specified in the embodiments are performed under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Components whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional products.

[0016] To address the prominent problems of existing superhydrophobic surface preparation methods, such as complex processes, poor molding controllability, and insufficient efficiency and stability, this invention develops a simple, efficient, stable, and easily scalable superhydrophobic metal surface preparation method, promoting the practical application of superhydrophobic technology in fields such as self-cleaning, corrosion prevention, and anti-icing.

[0017] Specifically, this invention couples multiple energy fields—laser energy, ultrasonic energy, fluorosilane solution medium, and temperature field—to effectively improve the quality of superhydrophobic surfaces. On one hand, the fluorosilane ultrasonic solution medium utilizes ultrasonic cavitation and shock waves to shatter bubbles generated during laser processing and wash away the molten material on the laser-processed surface, thus improving surface processing quality. On the other hand, ultrasound makes the distribution of low surface energy elements in the solution more uniform, continuously delivering low surface energy elements to the laser-processed micro-area. Furthermore, by introducing a temperature field into the fluorosilane solution medium, the activity of solution molecules is effectively increased, promoting chemical reactions and adhesion of low surface energy components in the laser-melted region.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A typical embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface by one-step laser processing using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted processing, comprising the following steps: The sample is immersed in a fluorosilane solution, and the surface of the sample is processed and chemically modified by heating, ultrasonic vibration and laser processing. After processing, the sample is immersed in a fluorosilane solution again and dried to obtain a superhydrophobic surface.

[0019] The ultrasonic action of this invention can eliminate bubbles generated during laser processing, wash away molten material, and promote the uniform distribution and transport of low surface energy materials in the solution; the temperature field can enhance solution activity and accelerate the chemical reaction and adhesion of fluorosilanes in the laser melting region. Multi-physics coupling enables the integrated and efficient completion of microstructure preparation and chemical modification, thereby improving the uniformity, precision, and overall performance of surface forming.

[0020] In some other embodiments, the fluorosilane solution is an alcoholic solution of fluorosilane, the volume concentration of which is 1-3%, and the fluorosilane includes heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane.

[0021] For example, the fluorosilane solution is an ethanol solution of fluorosilane, with a volume concentration of 1%, 2%, or 3%. This concentration range ensures that the solution contains sufficient low surface energy material for effective chemical modification while maintaining suitable solution fluidity and reactivity. This facilitates uniform and stable surface modification under the assistance of ultrasound and temperature fields, thereby improving superhydrophobic properties while also considering the economy and controllability of the process.

[0022] In some other embodiments, the specimen includes a metal specimen, such as a titanium alloy, 304 stainless steel, or cemented carbide; the fluorosilane solution covers the specimen surface to a height of 3-6 mm.

[0023] For example, the height of the fluorosilane solution covering the sample surface is 3, 4, 5, or 6 mm. Within this height range, it ensures sufficient wetting and continuous chemical interaction of the solution on the sample surface during laser processing, while avoiding excessive attenuation of laser energy due to an excessively thick solution or uneven modification caused by an excessively thin solution. This allows for the stable and efficient construction of high-quality superhydrophobic structures on various metal surfaces.

[0024] In some other embodiments, the heating temperature is 20-100°C and the holding time is 5-10 min.

[0025] For example, the heating temperature is 20, 50, 80, or 100°C, and the holding time is 5, 8, or 10 minutes. This temperature range allows for maintaining appropriate solution activity at lower temperatures to facilitate the diffusion and adsorption of fluorosilane molecules, while also promoting molecular motion and reaction rates at higher temperatures, thus flexibly adapting to different material and process requirements. This temperature control range ensures effective activation of low surface energy materials while avoiding excessively high temperatures leading to solution evaporation or decomposition, and excessively low temperatures resulting in slow reactions.

[0026] In some other embodiments, the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration is 40-100KHz and the power is 60-300W.

[0027] For example, the ultrasonic vibration frequency is 40, 60, 80, or 100 kHz, and the power is 60, 100, or 300 W. Within this range, moderate cavitation and mechanical stirring can be generated in the solution. This combination of parameters can effectively break up bubbles generated during laser processing, flush away surface melt, and promote the uniform dispersion and continuous transport of fluorosilane molecules in the solution. Thus, while improving the surface quality of laser processing, it also enhances the uniform modification effect of low surface energy materials on the microstructure.

[0028] In some other embodiments, the laser processing frequency is 30-100KHz, the power is 10-50W, the laser scanning speed is 50-500 mm / s, and the number of processing times is 1-4.

[0029] For example, the laser Hz frequency is 30, 50, 60, 80, or 100 kHz, the power is 10 W, 30 W, or 50 W, the laser scanning speed is 50, 100, 200, 300, or 500 mm / s, and the number of processing passes is 1, 2, 3, or 4. Within this range, a uniform and moderate surface roughness can be formed, providing the necessary physical basis for superhydrophobic properties, while avoiding problems such as material overheating and deformation caused by excessive energy or slow scanning. This ensures both processing efficiency and the consistency and stability of the microstructure morphology.

[0030] In some other embodiments, the immersion time in the fluorosilane solution is 30-60 min; the drying temperature is 60-100°C and the time is 10-20 min.

[0031] For example, the immersion time in the fluorosilane solution is continued for 30, 40, 50, or 60 minutes; the drying temperature is 60, 70, 80, 90, or 100°C, and the time is 10, 15, or 20 minutes. Within this range, it is possible to ensure that low surface energy materials complete uniform and stable chemical adsorption and film formation on the already formed microstructure surface. This combination of parameters can effectively compensate for the uneven modification that may occur during laser processing, and can also promote the curing and bonding of the fluorosilane layer through appropriate heat treatment, thereby significantly improving the integrity, durability, and performance consistency of the superhydrophobic surface.

[0032] A typical embodiment of the present invention provides a superhydrophobic surface with a contact angle of 150-160° and a height fluctuation range of approximately -12 to 12.5 μm.

[0033] Typical embodiments of the present invention provide applications of superhydrophobic surfaces in the fields of self-cleaning, corrosion prevention, anti-icing, and drag reduction.

[0034] A typical embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for one-step laser processing of superhydrophobic surfaces using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted processing, comprising a reactor and a metal sample, a fluorosilane solution, an ultrasonic transducer, and a temperature heater disposed therein, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is connected to an ultrasonic generator. It also includes a laser generator and a laser galvanometer connected in sequence, the laser galvanometer being used to emit a laser beam; It also includes a microcomputer controller, which is connected to both the ultrasonic generator and the laser generator.

[0035] The device includes a laser processing unit, an ultrasonic device, a control system, a fluorosilane solution medium, and a temperature heater, enabling efficient, one-step preparation of superhydrophobic metal surfaces.

[0036] Example 1 This embodiment provides a processing apparatus for one-step laser processing of superhydrophobic surfaces using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted machining, such as... Figure 1As shown, the device includes a reactor and a metal sample 1, a fluorosilane solution 2, an ultrasonic transducer 3, and a temperature heater 9 disposed inside it. The ultrasonic transducer 3 is connected to an ultrasonic generator 4 to transfer ultrasonic energy to the fluorosilane solution medium. It also includes a laser generator 6 and a laser galvanometer 7 connected in sequence. The laser galvanometer 7 is used to emit a laser beam 8, which is used to process the metal sample 1 by passing the laser through the fluorosilane solution 2, so that a microstructure is formed on the processed surface. It also includes a microcomputer controller 5, which is connected to the ultrasonic generator 4 and the laser generator 6 respectively. The microcomputer controller 5 is used to control the frequency, power, and processing speed of the ultrasonic generator 4 and the laser generator 6 respectively.

[0037] The working process of the device for one-step laser processing of superhydrophobic surfaces using ultrasonic solution-assisted fluorosilane is as follows: Metal sample 1 is immersed in fluorosilane solution 2. Ultrasonic generator 4 drives ultrasonic transducer 3 to apply ultrasonic vibration to fluorosilane solution 2. At the same time, laser generator 6 guides laser beam 8 through laser mirror 7 to irradiate the surface of metal sample 1 to perform micro-nano structure processing. Temperature heater 9 heats the solution simultaneously to maintain a suitable reaction temperature. The whole process is uniformly coordinated and controlled by microcomputer controller 5 to realize the synergistic effect of laser processing and chemical modification, so as to efficiently prepare superhydrophobic metal surface, effectively avoid the cumbersome traditional multi-step process, and significantly improve the stability and durability of superhydrophobic surface. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a microstructured superhydrophobic surface.

[0038] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface by one-step laser processing using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted processing. Taking titanium alloy as an example, the processing device described above is used, and the method specifically includes the following steps: (1) Mix heptadecanodecyltrimethoxysilane with alcohol at a volume ratio of 1:99 to prepare a fluorosilane solution. Centrifuge and stir for 30 min to obtain a uniformly distributed fluorosilane solution.

[0039] (2) Immerse the smooth titanium alloy sample completely in the fluorosilane solution medium, so that the height of the solution medium on the titanium alloy surface is 3 mm, heat the fluorosilane solution medium to 50°C and keep it for 8 min.

[0040] (3) The fluorosilane solution medium containing the titanium alloy sample was ultrasonically treated by an ultrasonic generator with an ultrasonic frequency of 40 KHz and a power of 100W.

[0041] (4) Microstructure superhydrophobic surface processing of titanium alloy immersed in fluorosilane ultrasonic solution medium was performed by laser processing device. The laser processing frequency was 30 KHz, the laser processing power was 10W, the laser processing speed was 200 mm / s, and the processing was performed twice.

[0042] (5) The titanium alloy sample after laser processing was immersed in a fluorosilane solution for 40 min. Then the titanium alloy was taken out and dried at 100°C for 20 min to obtain a superhydrophobic surface of titanium alloy with microstructure.

[0043] Comparative Example 1 Unlike Example 1, step (3) is omitted, i.e., the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic transducer in the solution are reduced, and ultrasonic vibration is not performed on the fluorosilane solution medium. The other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0044] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface through one-step laser processing using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted processing. Taking 304 stainless steel as an example, the processing apparatus described in Embodiment 1 is used, and the method specifically includes the following steps: (1) Mix heptadecanodecyltrimethoxysilane with alcohol at a volume ratio of 2:98 to prepare a fluorosilane solution. Centrifuge and stir for 60 min to obtain a uniformly distributed fluorosilane solution.

[0045] (2) The smooth 304 stainless steel sample was completely immersed in the fluorosilane solution medium. The thickness of the solution medium on the stainless steel surface was 4 mm. The fluorosilane solution medium was heated to 80°C by a heating device and held for 5 min.

[0046] (3) The fluorosilane solution medium containing the stainless steel sample was ultrasonically treated by an ultrasonic generator with an ultrasonic frequency of 60 KHz and a power of 60W.

[0047] (4) Microstructure superhydrophobic surface processing of stainless steel immersed in fluorosilane ultrasonic solution medium was performed by laser processing device. The laser processing frequency was 60 KHz, the laser processing power was 20 W, the laser processing speed was 100 mm / s, and the processing was performed once.

[0048] (5) The stainless steel sample after laser processing is immersed in fluorosilane solution for 30 min. Then the stainless steel is taken out and dried at 80°C for 10 min to obtain a superhydrophobic stainless steel surface with microstructure.

[0049] Comparative Example 2 Unlike Example 2, no heating treatment is performed in step (2), that is, the fluorosilane solution medium is not heated. The other steps are the same as in Example 2.

[0050] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface through one-step laser processing using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted processing. Taking cemented carbide as an example, the processing apparatus described in Embodiment 1 is used, and the method specifically includes the following steps: (1) Mix heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane with alcohol at a volume ratio of 3:97 to prepare a fluorosilane solution. Centrifuge and stir for 60 min to obtain a uniformly distributed fluorosilane solution.

[0051] (2) The smooth surface of the cemented carbide sample is completely immersed in the fluorosilane solution medium. The height of the solution medium on the surface of the cemented carbide is 6 mm. The fluorosilane solution medium is heated to 100°C by a heating device and held for 10 min.

[0052] (3) The fluorosilane solution medium containing the stainless steel sample was ultrasonically treated by an ultrasonic generator with an ultrasonic frequency of 80KHz and a power of 100W.

[0053] (4) Microstructure superhydrophobic surface processing of stainless steel immersed in fluorosilane ultrasonic solution medium was performed by laser processing device. The laser processing frequency was 80 KHz, the laser processing power was 30W, the laser processing speed was 300 mm / s, and the processing was performed 3 times.

[0054] (5) The laser-processed cemented carbide sample was immersed in a fluorosilane solution for 60 min. Then the cemented carbide was taken out and dried at 100°C for 10 min to obtain a superhydrophobic surface of cemented carbide with microstructure.

[0055] Comparative Example 3 Unlike Example 3, no heating treatment is performed in step (2), and step (3) is omitted, i.e., the temperature heater and ultrasonic transducer are reduced. The fluorosilane solution medium is not heated or subjected to ultrasonic vibration. The other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0056] Performance testing (1) Contact angle test: The contact angle of the microstructured superhydrophobic surfaces prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested using a contact angle measuring instrument. Three positions were tested for each sample, and the test liquid was 5 μL of deionized water. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Table 1 Contact Angle Test Results

[0058] As shown in Table 1, the microstructured surfaces prepared by laser assisted processing with heated ultrasonic fluorosilane solution in Examples 1-3 exhibit stable superhydrophobic properties with contact angles greater than 150°. In Comparative Example 1, in a fluorosilane solution without ultrasound, some surfaces achieved hydrophobic contact angles. However, due to the high temperature of the laser during processing, large areas of air bubbles adhered to the sample surface, resulting in significant laser refraction and scattering. No microstructures were formed on the surface, and the air bubbles prevented contact between the sample and the fluorosilane solution, causing this portion of the surface to exhibit a hydrophilic effect. In Comparative Example 2, no heating treatment of the fluorosilane solution was performed, leading to reduced molecular activity in the solution and a hydrophobic surface, but not achieving a superhydrophobic effect. In Comparative Example 3, without heating or ultrasound, different areas of the sample surface exhibited both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, resulting in an uneven hydrophobic effect.

[0059] (2) Corrosion resistance test: The corrosion resistance of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested with 60 g / L sodium chloride solution. The test temperature was room temperature and the test time was 72 h. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0060] Table 2 Results of corrosion resistance test

[0061] Table 2 shows that the microstructure surfaces of Examples 1-3, processed with laser technology using a heated ultrasonic fluorosilane solution, exhibit superhydrophobicity, and no signs of corrosion were observed in the sodium chloride solution, with a corrosion area of ​​0. Comparative Example 1, due to partial surface hydrophilicity, showed corrosion on its sample surface, with a corrosion area reaching 5%. Comparative Example 3, prepared without heating and ultrasonic treatment, exhibited the most severe corrosion, with a corrosion area as high as 8%.

[0062] In summary, this invention creatively proposes a one-step laser processing method for preparing superhydrophobic surfaces using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted processing. This method not only effectively solves the limitations of traditional multi-step and complex superhydrophobic surface preparation processes, but also significantly improves the stability and service life of superhydrophobic surfaces.

[0063] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface by one-step laser processing using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted machining, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The sample is immersed in a fluorosilane solution, and the surface of the sample is processed and chemically modified by heating, ultrasonic vibration and laser processing. After processing, the sample is immersed in a fluorosilane solution again and dried to obtain a superhydrophobic surface.

2. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface by one-step laser processing using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted processing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fluorosilane solution is an alcoholic solution of fluorosilane, with a volume concentration of 1-3%, and the fluorosilane includes heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane.

3. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface by one-step laser processing using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted machining as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sample includes a metal sample, and the fluorosilane solution covers the sample surface to a height of 3-6 mm.

4. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface by one-step laser processing using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted machining as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heating temperature is 20-100℃, and the holding time is 5-10 min.

5. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface by one-step laser processing using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted machining as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency of ultrasonic vibration is 40-100KHz, and the power is 60-300W.

6. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface by one-step laser processing using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted processing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The laser processing frequency is 30-100KHz, the power is 10-50W, the laser scanning speed is 50-500 mm / s, and the number of processing times is 1-4.

7. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface by one-step laser processing using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted processing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The immersion time in the fluorosilane solution is 30-60 min; the drying temperature is 60-100℃ and the time is 10-20 min.

8. A superhydrophobic surface prepared by the method of one-step laser processing of fluorosilane ultrasonic solution assisted by laser as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The superhydrophobic surface has a contact angle of 150-160° and a height fluctuation range of approximately -12 to 12.5 μm.

9. The application of the superhydrophobic surface as described in claim 8 in the fields of self-cleaning, corrosion prevention, anti-icing and drag reduction.

10. A device for one-step laser processing of superhydrophobic surfaces using fluorosilane ultrasonic solution-assisted processing, characterized in that, The reactor includes a metal sample, a fluorosilane solution, an ultrasonic transducer, and a temperature heater inside the reactor, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is connected to an ultrasonic generator. It also includes a laser generator and a laser galvanometer connected in sequence, the laser galvanometer being used to emit a laser beam; It also includes a microcomputer controller, which is connected to both the ultrasonic generator and the laser generator.

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