A laser cutting machine and a cutting method

Abstract

A kind of laser cutting machine and cutting method, belong to laser cutting technical field, laser cutting machine includes bed, beam is movably arranged on bed, the head and the tail of bed are respectively fixed with first motor roller and fourth motor roller, the front and rear sides of beam are respectively fixed with second motor roller and third motor roller, first motor roller and second motor roller are fixedly connected with first belt, third motor roller and fourth motor roller are fixedly connected with second belt, and cutting gap is arranged between first belt and second belt.By the reverse action cooperation of first, fourth fixed motor roller and second, third follow-up motor roller, the dynamic winding and unwinding of first, second belt is realized, the effective working stroke is effectively lengthened, the belt tension control is converted into speed synchronous control using the rigid linkage of follow-up roller and belt, the problems of belt plastic deformation, cracking or slipping step caused by improper tensioning force are fundamentally avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and in particular to a laser cutting machine and cutting method. Background Technology

[0002] When laser cutting machines process thin plates (usually carbon steel, stainless steel, or aluminum with a thickness of less than 3mm), scratches are easily generated on the surface of the workpiece. This phenomenon not only affects the appearance of the product, but may also damage the anti-corrosion layer on the material surface or cause defects in subsequent welding and spraying processes.

[0003] Existing laser cutting machines (such as those published in CN118455785A) have an annular belt on the cutting platform to transport the laser-cutting material. This allows for flexible support of the material, avoiding hard contact and sliding friction between the bottom surface of the material and the rigid metal table, thus preventing surface damage to the laser-cutting material.

[0004] Existing laser cutting machines use a ring belt as the transmission carrier, with a servo motor driving the rollers to rotate the belt. Since the belt is a flexible ring component, its transmission stability depends on the tension control. Excessive tension will cause the ring belt to undergo plastic deformation, elongation, or even cracking due to long-term tension. Insufficient tension will result in insufficient friction between the belt and the drive roller, leading to slippage and missed steps, which directly affects the accuracy of sheet material transmission and the synchronization of cutting. At the same time, the machine bed height is limited by the dual independent follow-up components, the ring belt winding path, and the cylinder chain tension adjustment structure, which means that the effective transmission length of the belt in the machine bed direction cannot be significantly extended, and only about 1 meter of effective working stroke can be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, where existing laser cutting machines use a ring belt as the conveyor, the belt is prone to slippage and step loss, affecting the conveying accuracy and cutting synchronization of the sheet metal, and the effective transmission length of the belt in the bed direction is limited, this invention provides a laser cutting machine and cutting method.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: This invention provides a laser cutting machine, including a bed, a crossbeam movably mounted on the bed, a laser head assembly mounted on the crossbeam, a first motor roller fixed at the head of the bed, a fourth motor roller fixed at the tail of the bed, a second motor roller and a third motor roller fixedly mounted on the front and rear sides of the crossbeam respectively, moving synchronously with the crossbeam, a first belt fixedly connected between the first motor roller and the second motor roller, and a second belt fixedly connected between the third motor roller and the fourth motor roller, the first motor roller and the second motor roller move in opposite directions, the third motor roller and the fourth motor roller move in opposite directions, a cutting gap is provided between the first belt and the second belt, and the cutting gap remains relatively stationary with respect to the laser head assembly. By coordinating the reverse movements of the first and fourth fixed motor rollers with the second and third follower motor rollers, the dynamic winding and unwinding of the first and second belts is achieved, effectively extending the effective working stroke and significantly improving the adaptability to processing large-size plates. Unlike traditional flexible belt drives that rely on tension control, this system utilizes the rigid linkage between the follower rollers and the belt to transform belt tension control into speed synchronization control. This fundamentally avoids problems such as belt plastic deformation, cracking, or slippage caused by improper tension, ensuring high precision in plate conveying and cutting synchronization, and significantly improving equipment operational stability and processing quality.

[0007] Preferably, a first fixed support roller is fixedly installed at the head of the bed, above the first motor roller, and a second fixed support roller is fixedly installed at the tail of the bed, above the fourth motor roller. A first follower support roller and a second follower support roller are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the crossbeam, respectively, above the second motor roller and above the third motor roller. The addition of fixed support rollers above the motor rollers, together with the follower support rollers, forms a multi-point support system, providing stable intermediate support for the long-distance belt conveyor. This effectively overcomes the sagging deformation caused by the belt's own weight, ensuring the straightness and stability of the belt's running trajectory and avoiding running vibration and cutting deviation caused by excessive belt sagging. The layout above makes reasonable use of the bed space without increasing the equipment's footprint. Simultaneously, it works with the motor rollers to form a reasonable belt winding angle, enhancing the wrap angle friction between the belt and the rollers, further improving transmission efficiency and stability, and adapting to large-stroke, high-load cutting operations.

[0008] Preferably, the second follower support roller is at the same height as the second fixed support roller, the first fixed support roller, and the first follower support roller and is parallel to each other. The multiple support rollers are arranged at the same height and in parallel to ensure that the first and second belts are on the same horizontal reference plane throughout the entire process. This achieves smooth and height-free transmission of the sheet metal in the bed direction, avoids tilting, jamming, or wear of the sheet metal caused by inconsistent support heights, and ensures the straightness and stability of the transmission path.

[0009] Preferably, the first follower support roller, the second follower support roller, the second motor roller, and the third motor roller are all fixedly mounted on the same support plate, and the support plate is fixedly connected to the crossbeam to ensure that the first follower support roller, the second follower support roller, the second motor roller, and the third motor roller can all move synchronously with the crossbeam.

[0010] Preferably, two light-blocking plates are fixedly installed below the crossbeam. The two light-blocking plates are positioned opposite each other on the front and rear sides of the cutting gap. The light-blocking plates can effectively block the spatter, sparks and dust generated during the laser cutting process, preventing them from causing ablation, contamination or wear to the belt drive system below, protecting the belt and motor rollers and other core transmission components, and extending the equipment maintenance cycle and component life.

[0011] Preferably, speed sensors and pressure sensors are fixedly installed at both the head and foot of the bed. The speed sensors monitor the operating speed of the first and second belts in real time, providing data support for the control system to adjust the speed of each roller, ensuring the synchronization of the movement of the two belts, realizing closed-loop control of the material conveying speed, and ensuring a high degree of consistency between cutting rhythm and conveying accuracy. The pressure sensors can monitor changes in belt tension. When the belt tension is abnormal due to wear, elongation, or other reasons, the system can promptly provide feedback and adjust the motor speed to achieve automatic tension compensation and control, avoiding slippage due to insufficient tension or damage to the belt due to excessive tension.

[0012] A cutting method includes: before cutting, a first motor roller and a fourth motor roller completely release the first belt and the second belt on the roller shaft, and a second motor roller and a third motor roller rewind the corresponding first belt and the second belt. During cutting, the second and third motor rollers move back and forth with the cutting process, while simultaneously tightening and loosening the first and second belts, causing them to roll in the cutting area. The speeds of the first, second, third, and fourth motor rollers are adjusted in real time to loosen or tighten the belts. Larger workpieces remain on the belts after cutting and are transported away after the cutting is completed, while smaller workpieces fall through the cutting gap.

[0013] Before cutting, sufficient belt length is pre-set for the cutting stroke by fully releasing the first and last motor rollers and retracting the follower rollers, ensuring uniform belt tension and smooth operation in the initial state. During cutting, the follower rollers move synchronously with the crossbeam and dynamically retract and release the belt. In conjunction with the real-time adjustment of the rotation speed of the first and last motor rollers, precise adaptive control of the belt tension is achieved. This ensures that the belt remains taut throughout the large stroke range of the crossbeam, preventing slippage and step loss, while also avoiding belt damage due to excessive tension. Large workpieces are transported synchronously with the belt, integrating cutting and conveying, reducing process transition time, and improving processing efficiency. Small workpieces automatically fall through the cutting gap, enabling classified collection, simplifying subsequent processes. The overall process is efficient and orderly, fully leveraging the advantages of the equipment's large stroke and high precision.

[0014] Preferably, when feeding at the tail of the bed and unloading at the head of the bed: the crossbeam moves to the tail of the bed, the first motor roller and the third motor roller are fully released, and the first belt and the second belt are fully wound around the second motor roller and the fourth motor roller, respectively; The second and fourth motor rollers begin to unwind, while the first and third motor rollers begin to rewind, driving the cut material toward the head of the bed. After collecting the material at the head of the bed, the material is transferred away. After all the material has left the conveyor belt area, the second and third motor rollers rewind the material while the first and fourth motor rollers unwind it until it is completely unwound. At this point, the material is reloaded at the end of the bed to start the next cycle.

[0015] By adopting a feeding method at the tail end and unloading method at the head end, the system enables unidirectional assembly line operation where materials enter from one end and exit from the other. This aligns with the conventional logistics layout of the workshop, facilitating loading, unloading, and material transfer, and improving production cycle time. The initial belt state is switched by moving the crossbeam to the tail end of the bed. In coordination with the unwinding and rewinding actions of the rollers of each motor, the direction and speed of material transport are controlled, ensuring that the cut materials move stably and orderly towards the head end of the bed, achieving automated collection and transfer. After all materials have been transported away, the belt state is automatically reset, preparing for the next round of feeding and cutting cycle. The entire process requires no manual intervention, achieving continuous and automated production, and significantly improving the equipment's production efficiency and intelligence level.

[0016] Preferably, when the material is fed from the head of the bed and unloaded from the tail of the bed: the crossbeam moves to the head of the bed, the second motor roller and the fourth motor roller are fully released, and the first belt and the second belt are fully wound around the first motor roller and the third motor roller, respectively; The first and third motor rollers begin to unwind, while the second and fourth motor rollers begin to rewind, driving the cut material toward the end of the bed. After collecting the material at the end of the bed, the material is transferred away. Once all the material has left the conveyor belt area, the first and third motor rollers rewind the material while the second and fourth motor rollers unwind it until it is completely unwound. At this point, the material is reloaded at the headstock to begin the next cycle.

[0017] It provides a reverse operation mode, which is the opposite of feeding at the tail end and unloading at the head end, to meet the personalized production needs of different workshop layouts and material flow directions, and improve the equipment's adaptability to different scenarios. In the reverse process, materials enter from the head end and exit from the tail end, and the material transportation direction can be flexibly adjusted according to the on-site process planning to avoid logistics conflicts with other processes. The coordinated action of each motor roller precisely controls the reverse transportation of materials, ensuring smooth and efficient collection and transfer processes, realizing bidirectional flexible automated production, and further enhancing the practicality and versatility of the equipment.

[0018] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the advantages of the present invention are: 1. By coordinating the reverse movements of the first and fourth fixed motor rollers with the second and third follower motor rollers, the dynamic winding and unwinding of the first and second belts is achieved, effectively extending the effective working stroke and significantly improving the adaptability to processing large-size plates. Unlike traditional flexible belt drives that rely on tension control, this system utilizes the rigid linkage between the follower rollers and the belt to transform belt tension control into speed synchronization control. This fundamentally avoids problems such as belt plastic deformation, cracking, or slippage caused by improper tension, ensuring high precision in plate conveying and cutting synchronization, and significantly improving equipment operational stability and processing quality.

[0019] 2. The dynamic winding and unwinding of the first and second belts can easily cover the cutting needs of ultra-large area plates. The long belt allows for complete winding and unwinding at the end of the cutting stroke, realizing free transportation and positioning of materials within the entire length of the bed, greatly expanding the processing range of the equipment, improving the versatility and flexibility of the equipment, and meeting the processing tasks of plates of different specifications. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser cutting machine according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laser cutting machine according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laser cutting machine according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of loading a laser cutting machine according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; The components represented by the various reference numerals in the diagram are: 1. First fixed support roller; 2. First motor roller; 3. First belt; 4. Second motor roller; 5. First follower support roller; 6. Second follower support roller; 7. Third motor roller; 8. Crossbeam; 9. Second belt; 10. Second fixed support roller; 11. Fourth motor roller; 12. Bed; 13. Trolley; 14. Light-blocking plate; 15. Speed ​​sensor; 16. Pressure sensor; 17. Cutting gap. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0023] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-4As shown, a laser cutting machine is proposed, comprising: a first motor roller 2, a first belt 3, a second motor roller 4, a third motor roller 7, a crossbeam 8, a second belt 9, and a fourth motor roller 11. A laser head assembly is mounted on the crossbeam 8. The length direction of the crossbeam 8 is perpendicular to the length direction of the bed 12. The crossbeam 8 drives the laser head assembly to move along the length direction of the bed 12. The laser head assembly can move along the length direction of the crossbeam 8 and vertically. The first motor roller 2 is fixedly installed at the head of the bed 12, and the fourth motor roller 11 is fixedly installed at the tail of the bed 12. The second motor roller 4 is fixedly located on the front side of the crossbeam 8, and the third motor roller 7 is fixedly located on the rear side of the crossbeam 8. Both the second motor roller 4 and the third motor roller 7 move synchronously with the crossbeam 8. One end of the first belt 3 is connected to the roller shaft of the first motor roller 2. The first belt 3 is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the second motor roller 4 at one end; the second belt 9 is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the third motor roller 7 at one end and to the roller shaft of the fourth motor roller 11 at the other end; the first motor roller 2 and the second motor roller 4 move in opposite directions, that is, when the first motor roller 2 is winding, the second motor roller 4 is releasing; similarly, the third motor roller 7 and the fourth motor roller 11 move in opposite directions to control the corresponding first belt 3 and second belt 9 to move along the length of the bed 12 to meet the needs of different working conditions; a cutting gap 17 for laser cutting is formed between the first belt 3 and the second belt 9, so that the laser can pass through the cutting gap 17, protecting the belt and causing the cut debris to fall into the cutting gap 17. The cutting gap 17 and the laser head assembly always remain relatively stationary.

[0024] Two light-blocking plates 14 are also fixedly installed below the crossbeam 8. The light-blocking plates 14 move synchronously with the crossbeam 8. The two light-blocking plates 14 are arranged opposite each other on the front and rear sides of the cutting gap 17 to shield and protect the first belt 3 that passes over the first follower support roller 5 and the second motor roller 4 and the second belt 9 that passes over the second follower support roller 6 and the third motor roller 7. This effectively isolates sparks during the cutting operation, protects the belt from damage by high-temperature molten slag, and ensures the safe and reliable operation of the conveying system.

[0025] In this embodiment, the light-blocking plate 14 is made of stainless steel. On the one hand, the light-blocking plate 14 directly shields the belt from direct laser damage that may be caused by optical path deviation or reflection. On the other hand, the stainless steel material effectively dissipates the heat energy of the high-temperature molten slag, preventing heat accumulation that could lead to failure of the belt substrate. Under this comprehensive thermal isolation protection, the belt can avoid fatal damage such as ablation, cracking, and delamination, and its weather resistance and wear resistance are greatly improved, thereby extending the service life of the belt.

[0026] The bottom of the bed 12 is provided with several trolleys 13. The trolleys 13 are located below the first belt 3 and the second belt 9. Larger workpieces are left on the belt after cutting and are transported away after cutting. Smaller workpieces fall into the trolleys 13 at the bottom of the bed 12 through the cutting gap 17 and are picked up after cutting.

[0027] It is understandable that the structure and movement of the crossbeam 8 and the laser head assembly are based on existing technologies, and no further restrictions will be imposed here.

[0028] It also includes a first fixed support roller 1, a first follower support roller 5, a second follower support roller 6, and a second fixed support roller 10. The first fixed support roller 1 is fixedly mounted at the head of the bed 12 and is located above the first motor roller 2. The first follower support roller 5 is fixedly mounted on the front side of the crossbeam 8 and is located above the second motor roller 4. The first fixed support roller 1 and the first follower support roller 5 are at the same height and parallel. One end of the first belt 3 passes over the first fixed support roller 1 and is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the first motor roller 2. The other end of the first belt 3 passes over the first fixed support roller 1. The follower support roller 5 is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the second motor roller 4; the second follower support roller 6 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the crossbeam 8, and the second follower support roller 6 is located above the third motor roller 7; the second fixed support roller 10 is fixedly installed at the tail of the bed 12; the second follower support roller 6 is at the same height as the second fixed support roller 10, the first fixed support roller 1, and the first follower support roller 5 and is parallel; one end of the second belt 9 passes around the second follower support roller 6 and is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the third motor roller 7; the other end of the second belt 9 passes around the second fixed support roller 10 and is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the fourth motor roller 11.

[0029] In this embodiment, the first follower support roller 5, the second follower support roller 6, the second motor roller 4, and the third motor roller 7 are all fixedly mounted on the same support plate. The support plate is fixedly connected to the crossbeam 8 so as to move synchronously with the crossbeam 8.

[0030] Both the first belt 3 and the second belt 9 are long belts. The first motor roller 2, the second motor roller 4, the third motor roller 7, and the fourth motor roller 11 are the core drive units. High-performance variable frequency speed control motors are selected to achieve stepless smooth speed regulation. This allows the linear speed of the first belt 3 and the second belt 9 to dynamically track the change curve of the cutting speed in milliseconds. Whether in the acceleration feed, uniform speed cutting, or deceleration return stage, the linear speed of the belt and the cutting speed can be synchronized in time and space. This not only completely eliminates the phenomenon of cutting section tilt, dimensional deviation, or material pulling caused by speed mismatch, but also significantly improves the perpendicularity of the cutting section and the overall processing accuracy. It realizes seamless collaborative operation of the conveying and cutting processes. Moreover, it can achieve synchronous belt movement while ensuring that there is only rolling and no sliding friction between the table and the steel plate, thereby achieving the goal of preventing the plate from deviating during the cutting process.

[0031] The first follower support roller 5 and the second follower support roller 6 are both made of high-strength alloy steel with a hardened surface. They are used to bear the weight of the belt and materials, effectively preventing the belt from sagging and deforming, and ensuring the smoothness of the conveyor. The second motor roller 4 and the third motor roller 7 can follow the reciprocating motion of the crossbeam 8 to synchronously wind up or unwind the belt. While ensuring structural stability, they provide flexible dynamic support for the belt conveyor and adapt to positional changes under different working conditions.

[0032] A speed sensor 15 is fixed at both the head and foot of the bed 12 to monitor the linear speed of the first belt 3 and the second belt 9, and transmit the linear speed data to the PLC control system. The PLC control system matches the measured speed of the belt with the cutting speed or the running speed of the steel plate, so as to output correction commands to the corresponding motor rollers to adjust the output torque and speed of the motor.

[0033] As the core sensing unit of the conveyor system, the speed sensor 15 uses a high-precision photoelectric encoder to collect the instantaneous linear speed data of the belt in real time and transmits the signal to the PLC at high speed. This system and the drive roller motor form a high-performance closed-loop feedback control loop based on the PLC: the PLC compares the measured speed with the cutting speed at the microsecond level, dynamically calculates the deviation through the built-in PID (proportional-integral-derivative) algorithm, and outputs correction commands to the motor frequency converter in real time to accurately adjust the motor output torque and speed. When the roller motor rotates, the outer diameter of the belt roller is also constantly increasing and decreasing. In order to maintain a consistent linear speed, the motor speed is constantly changing. The dynamic adjustment mechanism of detection-comparison-correction is established, which can effectively compensate for speed disturbances caused by load fluctuations, mechanical wear, or unstable grid voltage. It ensures that the belt maintains a very high linear speed constantness (fluctuation rate ≤ ±0.5%) throughout the entire process of motor start-up, acceleration, uniform speed operation, and deceleration, thereby providing a stable synchronization reference for subsequent cutting processes.

[0034] A pressure sensor 16 is fixed at both the head and foot of the bed 12. The pressure sensor 16 is in constant contact with the adjacent belt. When the pressure increases or decreases, it provides real-time feedback to the PLC control system. The PLC control system adjusts the speed of the roller motor in real time to loosen or tighten the belt.

[0035] Example 2 In another typical embodiment of the present invention, a cutting method is proposed, comprising: Before cutting, the first motor roller 2 and the fourth motor roller 11 fixed on the bed completely release the first belt 3 and the second belt 9 on the roller shaft, and the second motor roller 4 and the third motor roller 7 on the crossbeam 8 wind up the corresponding first belt 3 and second belt 9. During cutting, only the second motor roller 4 and the third motor roller 7 on the crossbeam 8 move back and forth with the cutting process, while the first belt 3 and the second belt 9 are simultaneously tightened and loosened, causing them to roll in the cutting area. The pressure sensor 16 is always pressed against the adjacent first belt 3 and second belt 9. When the pressure increases or decreases, it provides real-time feedback to the PLC control system. The PLC control system adjusts the rotation speed of the first motor roller 2, the second motor roller 4, the third motor roller 7, and the fourth motor roller 11 in real time to loosen or tighten the belts. A cutting gap 17 is reserved between the first follower support roller 5 and the second follower support roller 6, allowing the laser to pass through the cutting gap 17, protecting the first belt 3 and the second belt 9, and causing the cutting debris to fall into the cutting gap 17. Larger workpieces remain on the belts after cutting and are transported away after the cutting is completed. Smaller workpieces fall through the cutting gap 17 into the trolley 13 at the bottom of the bed and are retrieved after cutting.

[0036] In this embodiment, a speed sensor 15 is installed at both the foot and head of the bed to test the linear speed of the belt in real time. The speed is adjusted by the PLC control system at any time to match the running speed of the steel plate, so as to achieve no sliding friction between the belt and the steel plate.

[0037] In this embodiment, there are two types of loading and unloading methods: Loading at the tail end of the bed and unloading at the head end: The crossbeam 8 moves to the tail end of the bed 12, the first motor roller 2 and the third motor roller 7 are fully released, and the first belt 3 and the second belt 9 are fully wound onto the corresponding second motor roller 4 and fourth motor roller 11, respectively. The cutting gap 17 moves to the tail end of the bed 12 (e.g., ...). Figure 4 (as shown) After the front edge of the steel plate approaches the cutting seam, the motor rollers begin to rotate, while the crossbeam 8 remains stationary. Specifically, after cutting and unloading, the crossbeam 8 moves to the tail end of the bed 12 and is fixed. At this time, the first belt 3 and the second belt 9, except for those on the table, are wound onto the second motor roller 4 and the third motor roller 7 on the crossbeam 8. After the crossbeam 8 is fixed at the tail end of the bed, the third motor roller 7 begins to unwind, while the fourth motor roller 11 on the bed rewinds. After rewinding, the second belt 9 has been transferred to the fourth motor roller 11. At this time, the second motor roller 4 and the fourth motor roller 11 begin to unwind, while the first motor roller 2 and the third motor roller... The 7th motor starts winding, moving the cut material towards the head of the machine. After collecting the material at the head of the machine, the material is transferred away. Once all the material has left the conveyor belt area, the second motor roller 4 and the third motor roller 7 start winding, while the first motor roller 2 and the fourth motor roller 11 start unwinding until all the material is unwound. At this point, the material is reloaded at the tail of the machine to start the next cycle. The belt speed and the steel plate conveying speed are kept in sync. The two interact within the PLC. The belt speed is adjusted by the frequency converter to follow the steel plate conveying speed until the origin switch at the front of the machine tool is reached. The machine tool sends a signal to the PLC, which then controls the steel plate to stop conveying.

[0038] Material is fed at the head of the bed and unloaded at the tail: the crossbeam 8 moves to the head of the bed 12, the second motor roller 4 and the fourth motor roller 11 are fully released, the first belt 3 and the second belt 9 are fully wrapped around the corresponding first motor roller 2 and third motor roller 7 respectively, and the cutting gap 17 moves to the head of the bed 12. The first motor roller 2 and the third motor roller 7 begin unwinding, while the second motor roller 4 and the fourth motor roller 11 begin rewinding, driving the cut material towards the end of the conveyor belt. After collecting the material at the end of the conveyor belt, the material is transferred away. Once all the material has left the conveyor belt area, the first motor roller 2 and the third motor roller 7 rewind, while the second motor roller 4 and the fourth motor roller 11 unwind until all the material is unwound. At this point, the material is reloaded at the head of the conveyor belt to begin the next cycle.

[0039] During the feeding stage, relying on the smooth speed regulation characteristics of the variable frequency roller motor, the belt drives the finished board to output steadily at a constant speed, avoiding board shaking or dragging and scratching caused by sudden stops and starts, and realizing lossless transmission throughout the entire chain from feeding to discharging.

[0040] During cutting, the initial state is when the material is loaded at the tail of the bed. The crossbeam 8 moves to start cutting. The second motor roller 4 and the third motor roller 7 move back and forth as cutting progresses, and the first belt 3 and the second belt 9 are wound up and down. The first belt 3 and the second belt 9 are driven to roll in the cutting area. A cutting gap 17 is reserved between the first follower support roller 5 and the second follower support roller 6 so that the laser can pass through the gap, protecting the belt and causing the cutting debris to fall into the gap. Larger workpieces are left on the belt after cutting and are transported away after cutting is completed.

[0041] A belt follow-up mechanism is introduced during the cutting stage. Driven by the roller motor, the belt runs synchronously with the sheet material at the same linear speed. At this time, the sheet material and the belt are in a relatively stationary state (zero relative displacement). The high-temperature molten slag generated by the cutting head falls into the slag collection tank, which not only prevents molten slag back splashing and adhesion, but also eliminates bottom scraping caused by relative sliding, ensuring that the cut surface and the bottom surface are perfectly flawless.

[0042] In this embodiment, both the first belt 3 and the second belt 9 are single-layer structures, with both ends fixed to the motor rollers. This avoids slippage caused by the smooth surface of the motor rollers. The single-layer belt can achieve a travel distance of 5 meters, meeting the needs of modern laser cutting machines and production lines. The tension on the belt is controlled by the rotation of the motor rollers, ensuring that the belt linear speed can dynamically track the cutting speed curve at the millisecond level. Strict spatiotemporal synchronization between the two is achieved during acceleration feed, uniform cutting, and deceleration return. This not only completely eliminates the phenomenon of inclination, dimensional deviation, or material pulling caused by speed mismatch, but also significantly improves the perpendicularity of the cutting surface and the overall processing accuracy. Seamless collaborative operation between the conveying and cutting processes is achieved. While the belt moves synchronously, it ensures that there is only rolling friction between the table and the steel plate, avoiding scratches caused by small debris on the belt surface when the plate slides against the synchronous belt. The rolling friction also extends the belt's service life.

[0043] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A laser cutting machine, comprising: A bed (12) is provided with a crossbeam (8) which is movable on the bed (12). A laser head assembly is provided on the crossbeam (8). The bed (12) is characterized by having a first motor roller (2) fixed at the head and a fourth motor roller (11) fixed at the tail. The crossbeam (8) is fixed with a second motor roller (4) and a third motor roller (7) which move synchronously with it on the front and rear sides respectively. A first belt (3) is fixedly connected between the first motor roller (2) and the second motor roller (4). A second belt (9) is fixedly connected between the third motor roller (7) and the fourth motor roller (11). The first motor roller (2) and the second motor roller (4) move in opposite directions. The third motor roller (7) and the fourth motor roller (11) move in opposite directions. A cutting gap (17) is provided between the first belt (3) and the second belt (9). The cutting gap (17) remains relatively stationary with the laser head assembly.

2. The laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fixed support roller (1) is fixed at the head of the bed (12), and the first fixed support roller (1) is located above the first motor roller (2). The second fixed support roller (10) is fixed at the tail of the bed, and the second fixed support roller (10) is located above the fourth motor roller (11). The first follower support roller (5) and the second follower support roller (6) are fixed on the front and rear sides of the crossbeam (8), respectively. The first follower support roller (5) is located above the second motor roller (4), and the second follower support roller (6) is located above the third motor roller (7).

3. The laser cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second follower support roller (6) is at the same height as the second fixed support roller (10), the first fixed support roller (1), and the first follower support roller (5) and is parallel to each other.

4. The laser cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first follower support roller (5), the second follower support roller (6), the second motor roller (4) and the third motor roller (7) are all fixedly mounted on the same support plate, and the support plate is fixedly connected to the crossbeam (8).

5. The laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two light-blocking plates (14) are fixedly installed below the crossbeam (8), and the two light-blocking plates (14) are arranged opposite each other on the front and rear sides of the cutting gap (17).

6. The laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Speed ​​sensors (15) are fixedly installed at the head and foot of the bed (12).

7. The laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Pressure sensors (16) are fixedly installed at the head and foot of the bed (12).

8. A cutting method, employing a laser cutting machine as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: Before cutting, the first motor roller (2) and the fourth motor roller (11) completely release the first belt (3) and the second belt (9) on the roller shaft, and the second motor roller (4) and the third motor roller (7) rewind the corresponding first belt (3) and second belt (9); During cutting, the second motor roller (4) and the third motor roller (7) move back and forth with the cutting, while the first belt (3) and the second belt (9) are pulled up and down at the same time, causing the first belt (3) and the second belt (9) to roll in the cutting area. The speed of the first motor roller (2), the second motor roller (4), the third motor roller (7) and the fourth motor roller (11) are adjusted in real time to loosen or tighten the belt. Large workpieces are left on the belt after cutting and are transported away after cutting is completed. Small workpieces fall through the cutting gap (17).

9. The cutting method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When loading material at the tail of the bed and unloading material at the head of the bed: the crossbeam (8) moves to the tail of the bed, the first motor roller (2) and the third motor roller (7) are fully released, and the first belt (3) and the second belt (9) are fully wrapped around the second motor roller (4) and the fourth motor roller (11) respectively; The second motor roller (4) and the fourth motor roller (11) begin to unwind, while the first motor roller (2) and the third motor roller (7) begin to rewind, driving the cut material toward the head of the bed. After collecting the material at the head of the bed, the material is transferred away. After all the material leaves the conveyor belt area, the second motor roller (4) and the third motor roller (7) rewind, while the first motor roller (2) and the fourth motor roller (11) unwind until all the material is unwound. At this point, the material is reloaded at the end of the bed to start the next cycle.

10. The cutting method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the material is fed from the head of the bed and unloaded from the tail of the bed: the crossbeam (8) moves to the head of the bed, the second motor roller (4) and the fourth motor roller (11) are fully released, and the first belt (3) and the second belt (9) are fully wrapped around the first motor roller (2) and the third motor roller (7) respectively. The first motor roller (2) and the third motor roller (7) start unwinding, while the second motor roller (4) and the fourth motor roller (11) start winding, driving the cut material to move towards the end of the bed. After collecting the material at the end of the bed, the material is transferred away. After all the material leaves the conveyor belt area, the first motor roller (2) and the third motor roller (7) rewind, while the second motor roller (4) and the fourth motor roller (11) unwind until all the material is unwound. At this point, the material is reloaded at the head of the conveyor belt to start the next cycle.

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