A laser cutting apparatus for sheet forming

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of laser cutting equipment for plate forming, it is related to plate forming technical field, including rack, cutting unit, point solid unit and regulation unit, wherein rack is used to provide installation fixed base for cutting unit, cutting unit is used for the cutting of plate, point solid unit is used to provide effective support for thin plate short stop window period, avoid appearing warping, regulation unit is used to adjust cutting speed and cooling speed according to cutting temperature, when plate is cut by cutting unit, carry out cutting operation, by point solid unit, these short stop areas such as perforation and cutting inflection point are instantaneously effectively supported, prevent plate warping, affect plate processing quality and processing accuracy, simultaneously, by regulation unit, detect cutting temperature, regulate corresponding cutting speed and cooling speed, guarantee the cutting accuracy of plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sheet metal forming technology, specifically a laser cutting device for sheet metal forming. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of sheet metal forming and processing, laser cutting has become the core equipment for sheet metal forming and processing due to its advantages of high cutting precision, high efficiency and smooth cut. It is widely used in the forming and cutting of metal sheets and non-metal sheets. However, in actual production applications, existing laser cutting equipment has many problems that need to be solved, which seriously affect the sheet metal forming quality, processing efficiency and equipment lifespan.

[0003] First, the cutting speed and cooling system of existing laser cutting equipment are mostly controlled independently, and cannot be adaptively adjusted according to real-time changes in cutting temperature. In actual cutting, as the cutting time increases, the cutting thickness increases, or the cutting path becomes more complex, a large amount of heat is generated in the cutting area. If the cutting speed is not adjusted in time, the laser will stay in the same area for too long, which will not only cause burn-in of the cut and deformation of the sheet material, but also accelerate the wear and tear of the laser head. At the same time, the cooling system mostly adopts a fixed flow cooling method, which cannot simultaneously improve the cooling efficiency according to the increase in cutting temperature. The heat cannot be dissipated in time, further aggravating cutting defects and affecting the forming accuracy of the sheet material. Especially for thin sheet materials, high temperature can easily cause the sheet material to warp and deform, which cannot meet the accuracy requirements of subsequent forming and processing.

[0004] In laser cutting operations, there are many natural short-term pause windows, such as at the initial stage of perforation of the sheet metal or at the inflection point of the cutting path. At these times, the laser will briefly stop feeding or reduce the feed speed to complete perforation positioning or inflection point reversal. During these short-term pause windows, when cutting thin sheets, local areas of the sheet metal (especially small parts that are about to be cut off) are prone to warping due to the loss of surrounding constraints and colliding with the cutting head. The heat from cutting accumulates locally in the thin sheet metal, causing thermal deformation, which seriously affects the consistency and precision of sheet metal forming and increases production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is the self-adjustment and spot fixing of the cutting speed and cooling speed of sheet metal, and provides a laser cutting device for sheet metal forming.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The laser cutting equipment includes a frame, on which a controller and a cutting unit are mounted. The cutting unit is provided with a fixing unit, the fixing unit includes a fixing component, the fixing component provides negative pressure adsorption force to the plate through position change, the fixing component includes a control component and a fixing component, the control component and the fixing component are fixedly connected; The cutting unit is equipped with a control unit, which includes a control component. The control component controls the cooling cut-off flow rate and the cutting unit's travel speed by adjusting the temperature. The control component includes a control button, a sensor, and a follower. The control button is fixedly connected to a fixed fastener, the sensor is fixedly connected to the control component, and the follower is fixedly connected to the fixed fastener. The controller receives signals and provides feedback control, coordinating the actions of the control components, sensors, and follower components. In existing laser cutting technologies, there is a lack of fixed-point holding structures during short-stop windows such as perforation and inflection points, making thin plates prone to warping and deformation. Furthermore, the cutting temperature cannot be linked to adjust the cutting speed and cooling efficiency, severely impacting processing accuracy and forming quality. This invention integrates a point-fixing unit and a control unit, with unified coordinated control by the controller, achieving fixed-point adsorption and holding in short-stop zones and adaptive speed and cooling regulation, significantly improving the cutting accuracy and forming stability of thin plates.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixed fixture includes an inlet pipe, an annular pipe, a negative pressure pipe, and an outlet pipe. The annular pipe is composed of alternating thick and thin pipes. The inlet pipe is electrically connected to the thick pipe of the annular pipe, the negative pressure pipe is electrically connected to the thin pipe of the annular pipe, and the outlet pipe is electrically connected to the thick pipe of the annular pipe. In existing technologies, negative pressure adsorption structures are mostly of a single diameter, resulting in slow negative pressure formation and unstable adsorption force, making them unsuitable for the instantaneous fixation requirements of thin plates. This invention, through an annular pipe with alternating thick and thin pipes combined with the Venturi effect, achieves rapid airflow pressurization, instantaneous negative pressure formation, and uniform and reliable adsorption force, making it suitable for fixed-point fixation during short-stop windows of thin plates.

[0008] Furthermore, the control component includes a sealed cavity, an electromagnet, a magnet, and an elastic telescopic rod. The air intake pipe is fixedly installed on the sealed cavity, which consists of an upper cavity and a lower cavity connected by a telescopic plate. The electromagnet is fixedly installed in the upper cavity, and the magnet is fixedly installed in the lower cavity. The electromagnet and the magnet are connected by the elastic telescopic rod. In the prior art, the point-fixing drive mechanism is lagging, which easily leads to problems such as incomplete adsorption or untimely lifting. This invention uses an electromagnet and a magnet in conjunction with an elastic telescopic rod to achieve rapid expansion and contraction of the sealed cavity, driving the point-fixing device to rise and fall synchronously. This achieves precise synchronization between the point-fixing action and the laser short stop throughout the entire process, without any lag or interference.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjustment control unit includes a bracket, a memory bimetallic strip, and a sealing plate. The bracket is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe, one end of the memory bimetallic strip is fixedly connected to the bracket, and the other end of the memory bimetallic strip abuts against the sealing plate. There are two sealing plates, which are connected by a spring. The sealing plate is slidably connected to the exhaust pipe. In the prior art, the cooling flow rate is mostly fixed and cannot be adjusted in real time according to the cutting temperature. This results in insufficient cooling at high temperatures and energy waste at low temperatures. This invention uses the memory bimetallic strip to drive the sealing plate to adjust the opening of the exhaust pipe by deforming with temperature, thereby achieving automatic adaptive adjustment of the cooling flow rate according to the cutting temperature. It increases the flow rate at high temperatures and maintains the flow rate at low temperatures, achieving precise matching of cooling efficiency.

[0010] Furthermore, the deformation of the memory bimetallic strip at the end closer to the vent pipe is greater than the deformation of the memory bimetallic strip at the end farther from the vent pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the sensing element includes a straight rod, a return spring, and an impeller. The straight rod is fixedly connected to the lower cavity of the sealing chamber and rotatably connected to the impeller. One end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the impeller via a conductive disk, and the other end of the return spring is rotatably connected to the lower cavity of the sealing chamber. The conductive disk is slidably connected to the straight rod. Existing technologies lack a linkage sensing structure between airflow and temperature, making it impossible to convert changes in cooling flow rate into electrical signals that are fed back to the control system, thus hindering automatic adjustment of the cutting speed. This invention, by having the impeller rotate with the airflow and drive the conductive disk to move, achieves real-time sensing and signal conversion of cooling flow rate and cutting temperature, providing reliable feedback for adaptive adjustment of the cutting speed.

[0012] Furthermore, a drive coil is provided on the straight rod, and the end of the drive coil away from the impeller is the current input terminal.

[0013] Furthermore, the follower component includes a follower block, an elastic rope, a sliding conductive block, a fixed conductive block, an electric telescopic rod, and a grinding block. The follower block is fixedly connected to the impeller and rotatably connected to the straight rod. The follower block has a hollow structure. The sliding conductive block is connected to the inner wall of the follower block via the elastic rope and is slidably installed inside the follower block. The fixed conductive block is fixedly installed inside the follower block. The grinding block is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod, and the fixed end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the annular tube. In the prior art, cutting burrs and slag need to be cleaned separately afterward, which is a cumbersome and inefficient process. Burrs generated at high temperatures can easily scratch the plate and are difficult to clean. This invention uses the impeller speed to drive the centrifugal motion of the follower block, realizing automatic start of grinding and cleaning under high-temperature conditions, and automatic stop when the temperature drops, eliminating the need for subsequent cleaning processes and improving the quality of the cut surface and processing efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, the cutting unit includes a drive module and a laser cutting head, the sealed cavity is fixedly connected to the laser cutting head, the laser cutting head is connected to the drive module, and the drive module is mounted on the frame.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. When the laser cutting head reaches the perforation position of the plate or the inflection point of the cutting path, the controller receives a short stop command in the cutting program and immediately applies a positive current to the electromagnet, causing the electromagnet to generate the same magnetic pole as the magnet below. Utilizing the principle of repulsion between like magnetic poles, the magnet drives the lower cavity of the sealed chamber to move downwards, while simultaneously stretching the elastic telescopic rod until the lower end face of the annular tube is tightly fitted with the surface of the plate, forming a local sealed space. The continuously supplied cold air enters the annular tube, which consists of alternating thick and thin tubes. According to the Venturi effect, the airflow passes through the thin tubes... When the flow rate in the tube section increases sharply and the pressure drops drastically, a stable negative pressure adsorption force is formed at the negative pressure tube port connected to the thin tube, which firmly adsorbs and fixes the thin plate in the short-stop area. This action is completely synchronized with the laser short-stop time window, which not only avoids the warping of the thin plate due to the loss of peripheral constraints, but also prevents deformation caused by local heat accumulation, and eliminates the risk of collision between the plate and the laser cutting head. When the perforation or turning point is completed and the laser cutting head resumes feeding, the controller cuts off the power supply to the electromagnet. After the magnetism disappears, the elastic telescopic rod retracts and resets, driving the annular tube to lift and detach from the plate, and the equipment automatically switches back to the basic cutting state.

[0016] 2. This invention addresses the issue where, when the cutting thickness increases, the path becomes denser, or the continuous operation time is too long, causing an abnormal rise in the temperature of the cutting area, the temperature of the cooled air discharged through the exhaust pipe rises synchronously. The memory bimetallic strip installed on the outside of the exhaust pipe bends due to the heat, and because the thermal expansion coefficient of the strip closer to the exhaust pipe is greater, its deformation is significantly greater than that of the other end. Therefore, it deflects away from the exhaust pipe, releasing the contact limit on the two sealing plates. At this time, the spring connecting the two sealing plates contracts under its own restoring force, pulling the two sealing plates away from each other along the inner wall of the exhaust pipe. This increases the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust pipe, thereby increasing the flow rate of the cooled air, allowing more cooled air to pass through. The negative pressure pipe blows air towards the cutting area, automatically increasing cooling efficiency. At the same time, the increased airflow speeds up the impeller's rotation, and the airflow thrust on the impeller also increases, pushing it to move axially along the straight rod and compressing the return spring. The impeller drives the conductive disk to move synchronously, reducing the contact area between the conductive disk and the drive coil, and decreasing the effective number of turns in the circuit. The controller collects the inductance change signal of the drive coil in real time, calculates the current cutting temperature, and then controls the drive module to increase the travel speed of the laser cutting head, reducing the laser's dwell time on the unit area of ​​the material. This reduces heat input from the heat source end, effectively preventing cut burns and thermal deformation of the material.

[0017] 3. In this invention, when the cutting temperature rises above a preset threshold, the impeller's rotation speed reaches a critical value, driving the fixed follower block to rotate synchronously at high speed. Under the action of centrifugal force, the sliding conductive block inside the follower block overcomes the tension of the elastic rope and slides outward until it contacts the fixed conductive block to conduct the circuit. After the circuit is connected, the electric telescopic rod performs telescopic movement according to a preset cycle, driving the grinding block to move back and forth along the cutting seam direction to clean the burrs and slag generated by high-temperature cutting in real time. When the cutting temperature drops back to the normal range, the impeller speed decreases, the centrifugal force decreases, the sliding conductive block resets under the tension of the elastic rope, the circuit is disconnected, and the grinding action automatically stops. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cutting unit of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sealing cavity of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the structure at point C; Figure 7 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the structure at point D; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the follower block of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Cutting unit; 21. Drive module; 22. Laser cutting head; 3. Fixing unit; 31. Air inlet pipe; 32. Annular pipe; 33. Negative pressure pipe; 34. Air outlet pipe; 35. Sealing cavity; 36. Electromagnet; 37. Magnet; 38. Elastic telescopic rod; 4. Control unit; 41. Bracket; 42. Memory bimetallic strip; 43. Sealing plate; 44. Straight rod; 45. Return spring; 46. Impeller; 47. Follower block; 48. Elastic rope; 49. Sliding conductive block; 410. Fixed conductive block; 411. Electric telescopic rod; 412. Grinding block. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example: Figures 1-8As shown, the present invention provides the following technical solution: like Figures 1-4 As shown, the laser cutting equipment includes a frame 1, on which a controller and a cutting unit 2 are mounted. The cutting unit 2 is provided with a fixing unit 3. The fixing unit 3 includes a fixing component. The fixing component provides negative pressure adsorption force to the board through position change. The fixing component includes a control component and a fixing component. The control component and the fixing component are fixedly connected. The cutting unit 2 is provided with a control unit 4. The control unit 4 includes a control component. The control component controls the change of cooling cutoff flow rate and the travel speed of the cutting unit 2 by temperature change. The control component includes a control button, a sensor and a follower. The control button is fixedly connected to the fixed fastener, the sensor is fixedly connected to the control component, and the follower is fixedly connected to the fixed fastener. The controller receives signals and provides feedback control, with the control components, sensors, and follower components working together.

[0022] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the fixed component includes an air inlet pipe 31, an annular pipe 32, a negative pressure pipe 33, and an air outlet pipe 34. The annular pipe 32 is composed of alternating thick and thin pipes. The air inlet pipe 31 is connected to the thick pipe of the annular pipe 32, the negative pressure pipe 33 is connected to the thin pipe of the annular pipe 32, and the air outlet pipe 34 is connected to the thick pipe of the annular pipe 32.

[0023] When the laser cutting head 22 reaches the perforation position of the plate or the inflection point of the cutting path, the controller receives a short stop command from the cutting program and immediately supplies a positive current to the electromagnet 36, causing the electromagnet 36 to generate the same magnetic pole as the magnet 37 below. Utilizing the principle of repulsion between like magnetic poles, the magnet 37 drives the lower cavity of the sealing chamber 35 to move downwards, while simultaneously stretching the elastic telescopic rod 38 until the lower end face of the annular tube 32 is tightly fitted with the surface of the plate, forming a localized sealed space. Continuously supplied cold air enters the annular tube 32, which consists of alternating thick and thin tubes. According to the Venturi effect, the airflow velocity increases sharply and the pressure decreases when passing through the thin tube section. The force drops sharply, forming a stable negative pressure adsorption force at the port of the negative pressure tube 33 connected to the thin tube, firmly adsorbing and fixing the thin plate in the short stop area. This action is completely synchronized with the laser short stop time window, which not only avoids the warping of the thin plate due to the loss of peripheral constraints, but also prevents deformation caused by local heat accumulation, and eliminates the risk of collision between the plate and the laser cutting head 22. When the perforation or turning point is completed and the laser cutting head 22 resumes feeding, the controller cuts off the power supply to the electromagnet 36. After the magnetism disappears, the elastic telescopic rod 38 retracts and resets, driving the annular tube 32 to lift and detach from the plate, and the equipment automatically switches back to the basic cutting state.

[0024] like Figure 5As shown, the control components include a sealed cavity 35, an electromagnet 36, a magnet 37, and an elastic telescopic rod 38. The air intake pipe 31 is fixedly installed on the sealed cavity 35. The sealed cavity 35 consists of an upper cavity and a lower cavity, which are connected by a telescopic plate. The electromagnet 36 is fixedly installed in the upper cavity, and the magnet 37 is fixedly installed in the lower cavity. The electromagnet 36 and the magnet are connected by the elastic telescopic rod 38.

[0025] like Figure 6 As shown, the control unit includes a bracket 41, a memory bimetallic strip 42, and a sealing plate 43. The bracket 41 is fixedly connected to the air outlet pipe 34. One end of the memory bimetallic strip 42 is fixedly connected to the bracket 41, and the other end of the memory bimetallic strip 42 abuts against the sealing plate 43. There are two sealing plates 43, which are connected by a spring. The sealing plate 43 is slidably connected to the air outlet pipe 34.

[0026] like Figure 6 As shown, the deformation of the bimetallic strip 42 at the end closer to the vent pipe 34 is greater than the deformation of the bimetallic strip at the end farther from the vent pipe 34.

[0027] When the cutting thickness increases, the path becomes denser, or the continuous operation time is too long, causing an abnormal rise in the temperature of the cutting area, the temperature of the cooled air discharged through the exhaust pipe 34 rises synchronously. The memory bimetallic strip 42 installed on the outside of the exhaust pipe 34 bends due to the heat. Because the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal strip at the end closer to the exhaust pipe 34 is greater, the deformation is significantly greater than that at the other end. Therefore, it will deflect away from the exhaust pipe 34, releasing the abutment limit on the two sealing plates 43. At this time, the spring connecting the two sealing plates 43 contracts under its own restoring force, pulling the two sealing plates 43 away from each other along the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 34, increasing the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust pipe 34, and thus increasing the flow rate of the cooled air. More cooled air passes through the negative pressure. The airflow from pipe 33 blows towards the cutting area, automatically increasing cooling efficiency. At the same time, the increased airflow accelerates the rotation speed of impeller 46, and the airflow thrust on impeller 46 also increases, pushing impeller 46 to move axially along straight rod 44 and compressing return spring 45. Impeller 46 drives conductive disk to move synchronously, reducing the contact area between conductive disk and drive coil, and reducing the effective number of turns in the circuit. The controller collects the inductance change signal of drive coil in real time, calculates the current cutting temperature, and then controls drive module 21 to increase the travel speed of laser cutting head 22, reducing the dwell time of laser on a unit area of ​​material, reducing heat input from the heat source end, and effectively avoiding cut burn and material thermal deformation.

[0028] like Figure 6As shown, the sensing element includes a straight rod 44, a reset spring 45, and an impeller 46. The straight rod 44 is fixedly connected to the lower cavity of the sealing cavity 35, and the straight rod 44 is rotatably connected to the impeller 46. One end of the reset spring 45 is fixedly connected to the impeller 46 through a conductive disk, and the other end of the reset spring 45 is rotatably connected to the lower cavity of the sealing cavity 35. The conductive disk is slidably connected to the straight rod 44.

[0029] like Figure 6 As shown, a drive coil is provided on the straight rod 44, and the end of the drive coil away from the impeller 46 is the current input terminal.

[0030] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the follower includes a follower block 47, an elastic rope 48, a sliding conductive block 49, a fixed conductive block 410, an electric telescopic rod 411, and a grinding block 412. The follower block 47 is fixedly connected to the impeller 46 and rotatably connected to the straight rod 44. The follower block 47 has a hollow structure. The sliding conductive block 49 is connected to the inner wall of the follower block 47 through the elastic rope 48 and is slidably installed inside the follower block 47. The fixed conductive block 410 is fixedly installed inside the follower block 47. The grinding block 412 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 411, and the fixed end of the electric telescopic rod 411 is fixedly connected to the annular tube 32.

[0031] When the cutting temperature rises above the preset threshold, the impeller 46 reaches a critical speed, driving the fixed follower block 47 to rotate synchronously at high speed. Under the action of centrifugal force, the sliding conductive block 49 inside the follower block 47 overcomes the tension of the elastic rope 48 and slides outward until it contacts the fixed conductive block 410 to conduct the circuit. After the circuit is connected, the electric telescopic rod 411 performs telescopic movement according to the preset cycle, driving the grinding block 412 to move back and forth along the cutting direction to clean the burrs and slag generated by high-temperature cutting in real time. When the cutting temperature drops back to the normal range, the impeller 46 speed decreases, the centrifugal force decreases, the sliding conductive block 49 resets under the tension of the elastic rope 48, the circuit is disconnected, and the grinding action stops automatically.

[0032] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the cutting unit 2 includes a drive module 21 and a laser cutting head 22. The sealed cavity 35 is fixedly connected to the laser cutting head 22. The laser cutting head 22 is connected to the drive module 21, and the drive module 21 is mounted on the frame 1.

[0033] When the equipment performs a conventional straight-line cutting task, the controller keeps the electromagnet 36 de-energized. The upper and lower cavities of the sealed cavity 35 are in a retracted position under the reset pull of the elastic telescopic rod 38. The entire fixation unit 3 moves synchronously with the laser cutting head 22 but does not contact the surface of the plate. At this time, external cold air is continuously sent into the annular pipe 32 through the air inlet pipe 31. Part of the cold air blows directly downwards into the cutting area through the negative pressure pipe 33, carrying away the basic heat generated by cutting. The other part is discharged through the air outlet pipe 34, completing the basic cooling cycle. Since the cutting temperature is within the preset normal range, the memory... The bimetallic strip 42 has minimal deformation and always presses against the two sealing plates 43, keeping the air outlet pipe 34 with a small flow cross-sectional area and maintaining the cold air flow at a basic level. At the same time, the cold air at the basic flow rate blows the impeller 46 to rotate at a low speed. The return spring 45 is in a naturally extended state and is in complete contact with the drive coil on the conductive disk fixed to the impeller 46 and the straight rod 44. The effective number of turns connected to the circuit reaches the maximum value. The controller determines that the current cutting condition is normal by detecting the inductance signal of the drive coil and controls the drive module 21 to drive the laser cutting head 22 to move at a uniform speed at a preset basic speed.

[0034] Working principle of the invention: When the laser cutting head 22 reaches the perforation position of the plate or the inflection point of the cutting path, the controller receives a short stop command from the cutting program and immediately supplies a positive current to the electromagnet 36, causing the electromagnet 36 to generate the same magnetic pole as the magnet 37 below. Utilizing the principle of repulsion between like magnetic poles, the magnet 37 drives the lower cavity of the sealing chamber 35 to move downwards, while simultaneously stretching the elastic telescopic rod 38 until the lower end face of the annular tube 32 is tightly fitted with the surface of the plate, forming a localized sealed space. Continuously supplied cold air enters the annular tube 32, which consists of alternating thick and thin tubes. According to the Venturi effect, the airflow velocity increases sharply and the pressure decreases when passing through the thin tube section. The force drops sharply, forming a stable negative pressure adsorption force at the port of the negative pressure tube 33 connected to the thin tube, firmly adsorbing and fixing the thin plate in the short stop area. This action is completely synchronized with the laser short stop time window, which not only avoids the warping of the thin plate due to the loss of peripheral constraints, but also prevents deformation caused by local heat accumulation, and eliminates the risk of collision between the plate and the laser cutting head 22. When the perforation or turning point is completed and the laser cutting head 22 resumes feeding, the controller cuts off the power supply to the electromagnet 36. After the magnetism disappears, the elastic telescopic rod 38 retracts and resets, driving the annular tube 32 to lift and detach from the plate, and the equipment automatically switches back to the basic cutting state.

[0035] When the cutting thickness increases, the path becomes denser, or the continuous operation time is too long, causing an abnormal rise in the temperature of the cutting area, the temperature of the cooled air discharged through the exhaust pipe 34 rises synchronously. The memory bimetallic strip 42 installed on the outside of the exhaust pipe 34 bends due to the heat. Because the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal strip at the end closer to the exhaust pipe 34 is greater, the deformation is significantly greater than that at the other end. Therefore, it will deflect away from the exhaust pipe 34, releasing the abutment limit on the two sealing plates 43. At this time, the spring connecting the two sealing plates 43 contracts under its own restoring force, pulling the two sealing plates 43 away from each other along the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 34, increasing the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust pipe 34, and thus increasing the flow rate of the cooled air. More cooled air passes through the negative pressure. The airflow from pipe 33 blows towards the cutting area, automatically increasing cooling efficiency. At the same time, the increased airflow accelerates the rotation speed of impeller 46, and the airflow thrust on impeller 46 also increases, pushing impeller 46 to move axially along straight rod 44 and compressing return spring 45. Impeller 46 drives conductive disk to move synchronously, reducing the contact area between conductive disk and drive coil, and reducing the effective number of turns in the circuit. The controller collects the inductance change signal of drive coil in real time, calculates the current cutting temperature, and then controls drive module 21 to increase the travel speed of laser cutting head 22, reducing the dwell time of laser on a unit area of ​​material, reducing heat input from the heat source end, and effectively avoiding cut burn and material thermal deformation.

[0036] When the cutting temperature rises above the preset threshold, the impeller 46 reaches a critical speed, driving the fixed follower block 47 to rotate synchronously at high speed. Under the action of centrifugal force, the sliding conductive block 49 inside the follower block 47 overcomes the tension of the elastic rope 48 and slides outward until it contacts the fixed conductive block 410 to conduct the circuit. After the circuit is connected, the electric telescopic rod 411 performs telescopic movement according to the preset cycle, driving the grinding block 412 to move back and forth along the cutting direction to clean the burrs and slag generated by high-temperature cutting in real time. When the cutting temperature drops back to the normal range, the impeller 46 speed decreases, the centrifugal force decreases, the sliding conductive block 49 resets under the tension of the elastic rope 48, the circuit is disconnected, and the grinding action stops automatically.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for sheet metal forming, characterized in that: The laser cutting equipment includes a frame (1), on which a controller and a cutting unit (2) are mounted. The cutting unit (2) is provided with a fixing unit (3). The fixing unit (3) includes a fixing component. The fixing component provides negative pressure adsorption force to the board through position change. The fixing component includes a control component and a fixing component. The control component and the fixing component are fixedly connected. The cutting unit (2) is provided with a control unit (4). The control unit (4) includes a control component. The control component controls the change of cooling cut-off flow rate and the traveling speed of the cutting unit (2) by temperature change. The control component includes a control button, a sensor and a follower. The control button is fixedly connected to the fixed fastener. The sensor is fixedly connected to the control component. The follower is fixedly connected to the fixed fastener. The controller receives signals and provides feedback control, with the control components, sensors, and follower components working together.

2. The laser cutting equipment for sheet metal forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed component includes an air inlet pipe (31), an annular pipe (32), a negative pressure pipe (33), and an air outlet pipe (34). The annular pipe (32) is composed of alternating thick and thin pipes. The air inlet pipe (31) is connected to the thick pipe of the annular pipe (32), the negative pressure pipe (33) is connected to the thin pipe of the annular pipe (32), and the air outlet pipe (34) is connected to the thick pipe of the annular pipe (32).

3. The laser cutting equipment for sheet metal forming according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control components include a sealed cavity (35), an electromagnet (36), a magnet (37), and an elastic telescopic rod (38). The air intake pipe (31) is fixedly installed on the sealed cavity (35). The sealed cavity (35) consists of an upper cavity and a lower cavity, which are connected by a telescopic plate. The electromagnet (36) is fixedly installed in the upper cavity, and the magnet (37) is fixedly installed in the lower cavity. The electromagnet (36) and the magnet are connected by the elastic telescopic rod (38).

4. The laser cutting equipment for sheet metal forming according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control unit includes a bracket (41), a memory bimetallic strip (42), and a sealing plate (43). The bracket (41) is fixedly connected to the air outlet pipe (34). One end of the memory bimetallic strip (42) is fixedly connected to the bracket (41), and the other end of the memory bimetallic strip (42) abuts against the sealing plate (43). There are two sealing plates (43), which are connected by a spring. The sealing plate (43) is slidably connected to the air outlet pipe (34).

5. The laser cutting equipment for sheet metal forming according to claim 4, characterized in that: The deformation of the bimetallic strip (42) at the end closer to the vent pipe (34) is greater than that at the end farther from the vent pipe (34).

6. The laser cutting equipment for sheet metal forming according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sensing element includes a straight rod (44), a reset spring (45), and an impeller (46). The straight rod (44) is fixedly connected to the lower cavity of the sealing cavity (35), and the straight rod (44) is rotatably connected to the impeller (46). One end of the reset spring (45) is fixedly connected to the impeller (46) through a conductive disk, and the other end of the reset spring (45) is rotatably connected to the lower cavity of the sealing cavity (35). The conductive disk is slidably connected to the straight rod (44).

7. The laser cutting equipment for sheet metal forming according to claim 6, characterized in that: A drive coil is provided on the straight rod (44), and the end of the drive coil away from the impeller (46) is the current input terminal.

8. The laser cutting equipment for sheet metal forming according to claim 7, characterized in that: The follower includes a follower block (47), an elastic rope (48), a sliding conductive block (49), a fixed conductive block (410), an electric telescopic rod (411), and a grinding block (412). The follower block (47) is fixedly connected to the impeller (46), and the follower block (47) is rotatably connected to the straight rod (44). The follower block (47) has a hollow structure. The sliding conductive block (49) is connected to the inner wall of the follower block (47) through the elastic rope (48). The sliding conductive block (49) is slidably installed inside the follower block (47). The fixed conductive block (410) is fixedly installed inside the follower block (47). The grinding block (412) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (411). The fixed end of the electric telescopic rod (411) is fixedly connected to the annular tube (32).

9. The laser cutting equipment for sheet metal forming according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cutting unit (2) includes a drive module (21) and a laser cutting head (22). The sealed cavity (35) is fixedly connected to the laser cutting head (22). The laser cutting head (22) is connected to the drive module (21). The drive module (21) is mounted on the frame (1).

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