Automatic bushing press riveting equipment

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of press riveting equipment, and provides a bushing automatic press riveting equipment, comprising a rack feeding mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a press riveting mechanism; the feeding mechanism comprises a pulling block, a pushing rod and a clamping block. Compared with the prior art, the present application has the advantages that through a single driving mechanism of a linear guide rail, the pushing rod and the clamping block are respectively used for pushing the bushing and overturning the feeding operation of the clamping block by means of bidirectional movement, the originally complicated feeding and moving actions are integrated in the stroke of a single power source, the mechanical structure is simplified, the equipment manufacturing cost is reduced, the beat and stability of the bushing conveying are effectively improved, the bushing is upwardly pushed into a workpiece by the lifting mechanism, and the press riveting action of the press riveting mechanism from top to bottom, so that the automatic and unmanned operation of the bushing from feeding to pressing is realized, the production efficiency is significantly improved, the manual labor intensity is reduced, and the consistency of the product press riveting quality is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of riveting equipment, and specifically relates to an automatic riveting equipment for bushings. Background Technology

[0002] Bushings are commonly used connecting parts in mechanical equipment and hardware workpieces. They are mainly fixed in the preset mounting holes of various workpieces by press riveting, and play the roles of wear resistance, shock absorption, positioning and auxiliary rotation. At present, the existing fully automatic bushing press riveting equipment still has obvious structural defects in the bushing feeding and conveying operation, which makes it difficult to meet the mass production requirements of low cost, miniaturization and high stability.

[0003] In existing automated riveting equipment, the initial feeding process of the bushing (such as...) Figure 4 The process of feeding the bushing (pushing the material from the vibratory feeder's conveying channel into the clamping block) and aligning the bushing (pushing the clamping block to the bottom of the positioning seat to await the riveting operation) typically uses independent drive mechanisms for separate control. Traditional equipment requires separate feeding drive components and separate conveying and positioning drive components to respectively realize the bushing feeding and alignment functions. While the split-type independent drive structure can achieve automated operation, it has many inherent drawbacks: Firstly, multiple independent drive mechanisms occupy a large amount of equipment space, resulting in low space utilization and increased failure rate, which is detrimental to the compact layout of the production line and greatly limits the adaptability of the production line. Secondly, multiple independent drive mechanisms increase the maintenance difficulty for maintenance personnel. Furthermore, the lack of rigid mechanical coupling means that the coordination between two independent mechanisms relies entirely on electrical signal interaction, which easily leads to waiting time, making it difficult to achieve short-cycle production on the production line and ultimately affecting the overall production efficiency of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by proposing an automatic bushing riveting device with a simplified structure, smooth operation, reduced equipment manufacturing and maintenance costs, and efficient automated material feeding and transfer.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved by addressing the following technical problem: proposing an automatic bushing riveting device, comprising: a frame on which a conveyor chain is configured, wherein a plurality of positioning seats are installed on the conveyor chain, the positioning seats being used to position and support the workpiece to be riveted; A feeding mechanism is mounted on the frame. The feeding mechanism includes a pulling block, a pushing rod, and a clamping block. When the pulling block moves away from the clamping block, it drives the pushing rod to move, pushing the bushing to be riveted into the clamping block. When the pulling block moves toward the clamping block, it pushes the clamping block to rotate relative to the frame, conveying the bushing clamped in the clamping block to the area below the positioning seat. A lifting mechanism is provided on the frame, and the lifting mechanism is used to push the bushing in the clamping block upward into the workpiece on the positioning seat; A riveting mechanism is mounted on the frame and located above the conveyor chain. The riveting mechanism is used to move vertically toward the positioning seat to rivet the bushing onto the workpiece.

[0006] In the aforementioned automatic bushing riveting equipment, the feeding mechanism further includes: A base on which a linear guide rail is mounted, the output end of which is connected to a sliding block, and the material pulling block is detachably connected to the top wall of the sliding block; A sliding seat is movably connected to the sliding block, and a stop block is installed on the base, with the sliding seat movably abutting against the stop block; A rotating block is hinged to the sliding seat, and a clamping block is movably connected to one end of the rotating block. The other end of the rotating block is movably engaged in the base. The first elastic element has a connecting block disposed on the sliding seat, and an assembly groove is formed at the end of the pulling block. The two ends of the first elastic element are respectively connected to the assembly groove and the connecting block.

[0007] In the aforementioned automatic bushing riveting device, the rotating block includes a mounting arm and a traction arm, and the clamping block is movably connected to the mounting arm; a traction wheel is installed at the end of the traction arm, and a track groove is provided in the base, with the traction wheel movably abutting against the inner wall of the track groove.

[0008] In the aforementioned automatic bushing riveting equipment, the feeding mechanism further includes: A vibratory feeder and a fixed base are provided, wherein the vibratory feeder is provided with a material conveying channel; the fixed base is mounted on the base and the material conveying channel extends into the fixed base; A sliding plate and a linkage rod are provided. The sliding plate is movably engaged in the fixed base and has an arc-shaped hole. One end of the linkage rod is hinged to the sliding plate by a connecting pin, and the other end is connected to a guide pin that movably abuts against the inner wall of the arc-shaped hole. The drive arm and connecting rod are provided. The drive arm is hinged to the fixed base. One end of the drive arm movably abuts against the material pulling block, and the other end is provided with a waist-shaped hole. The connecting rod is hinged to the sliding plate. One end of the connecting rod is provided with a connecting post that movably abuts against the inner wall of the waist-shaped hole. The material pushing rod is hinged to the guide pin and the end of the connecting rod away from the connecting post. A torsion spring, one end of which is connected to the fixed base and the other end of which is connected to the drive arm.

[0009] In the aforementioned automatic bushing riveting device, the clamping block includes a first clamping arm and a second clamping arm. Both ends of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are respectively formed with clamping arc surfaces and fan-shaped teeth. The two clamping arc surfaces together form a clamping cavity, and the two fan-shaped teeth mesh with each other.

[0010] In the aforementioned automatic bushing riveting device, the fixed base is further provided with mutually perpendicular and interconnected limiting holes and assembly holes. The connecting pin is movably abutted against the inner wall of the limiting hole, and a locking block is elastically connected in the assembly hole. The locking block is movably abutted against the connecting pin to restrict the displacement of the connecting pin in the limiting hole.

[0011] In the aforementioned automatic bushing riveting device, an extension block is further formed at the end of the first clamping arm, and a second elastic element is connected between the extension block and the inner wall of the mounting arm.

[0012] In the aforementioned automatic bushing riveting device, the positioning seat is provided with a fixed post and a guide hole, and the conveyor chain is provided with a fastener that passes through the guide hole and connects to the positioning seat. The fastener and the fixed post are connected by a tension spring.

[0013] In the aforementioned automatic bushing riveting device, the lifting mechanism includes: The housing, on which a drive motor is mounted; A transmission rod is disposed inside the housing. A driven gear is connected to the bottom end of the transmission rod, and a driving gear is connected to the output end of the drive motor. The driving gear is movably engaged with the driven gear. A movable block and a pin are provided. The movable block is movably connected to the transmission rod and can move relative to the housing along the axial direction of the transmission rod. The pin is disposed inside the movable block and is connected to the movable block by a third elastic element.

[0014] In the aforementioned automatic bushing riveting device, the riveting mechanism includes: A riveting cylinder is vertically mounted on the frame, and a riveting block is connected to the output shaft of the riveting cylinder. An assembly block and a riveting head are provided. The assembly block is connected to a limiting post, and the riveting head is movably connected to the limiting post. The output shaft is provided with a connecting seat that can move through the assembly block, and the riveting head is mounted on the connecting seat. A fixed sleeve and a guide post are provided. The fixed sleeve is detachably connected to the frame. The guide post moves through the fixed sleeve, the rivet block and the assembly block in sequence. A fourth elastic element is connected between the guide post and the assembly block. An assembly base is detachably connected to the side wall of the assembly block, and a positioning pin is installed on the bottom wall of the assembly base, the positioning pin being movably inserted into the workpiece.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The automatic bushing riveting equipment of the present invention cleverly utilizes the bidirectional movement of a single drive mechanism of a linear guide to realize the pushing of the bushing by the feeding rod and the flipping feeding operation of the clamping block. This design integrates the originally complex feeding and transfer actions into the stroke of a single power source, which not only simplifies the mechanical structure and reduces the manufacturing cost of the equipment, but also effectively improves the cycle time and stability of bushing conveying. With the lifting mechanism pushing the bushing upward into the workpiece and the riveting action of the riveting mechanism from top to bottom, the fully automatic unmanned operation of the bushing from feeding to pressing is realized, which significantly improves production efficiency, reduces the intensity of manual labor, and ensures the consistency of product riveting quality.

[0017] (2) A four-bar linkage is formed by the movable hinge between the drive arm, connecting rod, linkage rod and material pusher rod, so that the material pusher rod can stably push the bushing when the material block moves. At the same time, with the mutual abutment of the arc hole and the guide pin, the material pusher rod automatically retracts during the automatic reset process, ensuring the continuous and stable pushing operation of the next bushing.

[0018] (3) By setting a second elastic element between the extension block and the mounting arm, a continuous clamping force is provided to the first clamping arm. With the stable meshing of the two fan-shaped teeth, the clamping block is always in a closed clamping state when there is no external force to force it open, which prevents the bushing from loosening due to vibration during the conveying process and improves the reliability of the operation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning seat; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point AA; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the feeding mechanism and the lifting mechanism; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the linear guide, the material pulling block, and the clamping block; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the area between the clamping block and the rotating block; Figure 7 It is an exploded view of the drive arm, connecting rod, linkage rod, and material feed rod relative to the sliding plate; Figure 8This is an exploded view of the area between the fixed base and the locking block; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the riveting mechanism.

[0020] In the diagram, 10 is the workpiece; 11 is the bushing. 2. Frame; 20. Conveyor chain; 200. Fastener; 21. Positioning seat; 210. Fixing column; 211. Guide hole; 212. Tension spring; 213. Copying block; 22. Reference block; 23. Mounting block; 230. Moving shaft; 231. Bearing; 3. Feeding mechanism; 30. Pulling block; 300. Assembly slot; 31. Pushing rod; 32. Clamping block; 320. First clamping arm; 320a. Extension block; 320b. Second elastic element; 321. Second clamping arm; 322a. Clamping arc surface; 322b. Fan-shaped tooth; 322c. Clamping cavity; 33. Base; 330. Linear guide rail; 330a. Sliding block; 330b. Engaging groove; 331. Sliding seat; 331a. Connecting block; 331b. Engaging block; 332. Stop block; 333. Rotating block; 333a. Mounting arm; 33 3b. Traction arm; 333c. Traction wheel; 334. First elastic element; 335. Track groove; 34. Vibratory feeder; 340. Material conveying channel; 35. Fixed seat; 350. Limiting hole; 351. Assembly hole; 352. Locking block; 352a. Arc groove; 352b. Guide slope; 353. Rotating stop; 354. Arc spring; 36. Sliding plate; 360. Arc hole; 37. Linkage rod; 370. Connecting pin; 371. Guide pin; 38. Drive arm; 380. Waist-shaped hole; 381. Torsion spring; 39. Connecting rod; 390. Connecting column; 4. Lifting mechanism; 40. Housing; 41. Drive motor; 410. Drive gear; 42. Transmission rod; 420. Driven gear; 43. Moving block; 44. Pin; 45. Third elastic element; 5. Riveting mechanism; 50. Riveting cylinder; 500. Riveting block; 501. Connecting seat; 51. Assembly block; 510. Limiting post; 52. Riveting head; 53. Fixing sleeve; 54. Guide post; 55. Fourth elastic element; 56. Assembly seat; 57. Positioning pin. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0022] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic riveting device for bushing 11, comprising a frame 2 and a feeding mechanism 3, a lifting mechanism 4, and a riveting mechanism 5, all mounted on the frame 2.

[0024] The frame 2 is equipped with a conveyor chain 20, on which several positioning seats 21 are installed. The positioning seats 21 are used to position and support the workpiece 10 to be riveted. The feeding mechanism 3 includes a pulling block 30, a pushing rod 31, and a clamping block 32. When the pulling block 30 moves away from the clamping block 32, it drives the pushing rod 31 to move, so as to push the bushing 11 to be riveted into the clamping block 32. When the pulling block 30 moves toward the clamping block 32, it pushes the clamping block 32 to rotate relative to the frame 2, so as to transport the bushing 11 clamped in the clamping block 32 to the bottom of the positioning seat 21. The lifting mechanism 4 is used to push the bushing 11 in the clamping block 32 upward into the workpiece 10 of the positioning seat 21. The riveting mechanism 5 is located above the conveyor chain 20. The riveting mechanism 5 is used to move in the vertical direction toward the positioning seat 21, so as to rivet the bushing 11 onto the workpiece 10.

[0025] This embodiment is mainly for the purpose of automatically feeding the bushing 11 and the riveting process with the workpiece 10. Specifically, as shown in the example... Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the conveyor chain 20 in this embodiment has an overall ring structure design. The positioning seat 21 is detachably connected to the chain of the conveyor chain 20 by screws and other components, ensuring the stability of the positioning seat 21 when it circulates with the conveyor chain 20. The operator or the front-end feeding equipment (such as a robot) places the workpiece 10 to be riveted into the positioning seat 21, and the positioning seat 21 is used to accurately fix the workpiece 10. The conveyor chain 20 continues to move, conveying the positioning seat 21 carrying the workpiece 10 to the bottom of the riveting mechanism 5. At the same time, the feeding mechanism 3 pre-drives the pulling block 30 along the... Figure 5 Moving to the left, the pulling block 30 gradually moves away from the clamping block 32 (which remains stationary at this time). During this movement, the pulling block 30 engages with the push rod 31, causing the push rod 31 to extend between the two bushings 11 to be riveted. This pushes and presses the front bushing 11 into the clamping block 32. The clamping block 32 then uses its structure to stably hold the single bushing 11, completing the automatic feeding process. After the bushing 11 is stably held, the feeding mechanism 3 drives the pulling block 30 along... Figure 5Moving to the right (i.e., moving forward toward the clamping block 32) allows the pulling block 30 to rotate relative to the frame 2 around the hinge point during movement, ultimately precisely conveying the bushing 11 to directly below the positioning seat 21 (i.e., above the lifting mechanism 4), vertically aligning the bushing 11 with the riveting holes of the workpiece 10, thus completing the initial alignment of the bushing 11 and the workpiece 10. Therefore, this solution integrates the originally complex feeding and transfer actions into the stroke of a single power source, not only simplifying the mechanical structure and reducing equipment manufacturing costs, but also effectively improving the cycle time and stability of the bushing 11 conveying. The lifting mechanism 4 precisely pushes the bushing 11 into the riveting hole of the workpiece 10, achieving precise pre-assembly of the bushing 11 and the workpiece 10. Accompanied by the riveting action of the riveting mechanism 5 from bottom to top, the bushing 11 can be riveted and fixed in one go. The entire process is automated and continuous, effectively reducing the intensity of manual labor, while avoiding quality problems such as assembly errors, omissions, and misassemblies caused by manual operation. It significantly improves the consistency of bushing 11 riveting and the finished product qualification rate, and improves the overall automation level and mass production capacity of the equipment, adapting to the industrial large-scale workpiece 10 and bushing 11 riveting needs.

[0026] The feeding mechanism 3 further includes: a base 33 on which a linear guide rail 330 is disposed, the output end of the linear guide rail 330 is connected to a sliding block 330a, and the pulling block 30 is detachably connected to the top wall of the sliding block 330a; a sliding seat 331 movably connected to the sliding block 330a, a stop block 332 is installed on the base 33, and the sliding seat 331 movably abuts against the stop block 332; a rotating block 333 hinged to the sliding seat 331, a clamping block 32 movably connected to one end of the rotating block 333, and the other end of the rotating block 333 movably latched in the base 33; and a first elastic member 334, on which a connecting block 331a is disposed, an assembly groove 300 is formed at the end of the pulling block 30, and the two ends of the first elastic member 334 are respectively connected to the assembly groove 300 and the connecting block 331a.

[0027] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the movement of both the pulling block 30 and the clamping block 32 is achieved through a single power source, the linear guide rail 330. Specifically, when the linear guide rail 330 (preferably an electric guide rail, or a combination of a servo motor and a ball screw) drives the sliding block 330a along... Figure 5 When moving to the left, the sliding seat 331 abuts against the stop block 332, thus preventing it from moving synchronously with the sliding block 330a. This also ensures that the clamping block 32 on the rotating block 333 remains stable at the feed port of the bushing to be pressed and riveted 11 (i.e., Figure 4 (As shown in the image), ensure that the push rod 31 accurately pushes the bushing 11 into the clamping block 32. This is accompanied by the pull block 30 and the sliding block 330a moving along... Figure 5Moving to the left, the pulling block 30 can drive the material-pulling rod 31 to extend between the two bushings 11 to be riveted, and push and squeeze the front bushing 11 into the clamping block 32. During this process, since the first elastic element 334 is connected to the assembly groove 300 and the connecting block 331a at both ends, it can provide elastic buffering and reset driving force during the reciprocating movement of the pulling block 30, effectively reducing rigid impact during the operation of the mechanism, reducing wear, abnormal noise and loosening probability of parts, ensuring the consistency of continuous operation, and greatly improving the operating stability, service life and operating accuracy of the feeding mechanism 3. It is worth noting that when the linear guide rail 330 drives the pulling block 30 to reset to Figure 5 During the initial position shown, the first elastic element 334 gradually contracts (but still maintains a tension force on the connecting block 331a, ensuring that the clamping block 32 remains stationary). At this time, the linear guide 330 drives the sliding block 330a along... Figure 5 Moving to the right (i.e., moving the pulling block 30 toward the clamping block 32 as described in this solution) allows the rotating block 333 to rotate relative to the sliding seat 331, thereby adjusting the position of the clamping block 32 (and bushing 11) on the frame 2. It should be noted that in this embodiment, both the stop block 332 and the pulling block 30 can be easily installed and removed using screws, bolts, or other connecting components.

[0028] Preferably, such as Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also provides a locking groove 330b in the sliding block 330a and a locking block 331b on the sliding seat 331. Both the locking block 331b and the locking groove 330b are T-shaped structures. Relying on the movable locking cooperation between the two, it provides a stable guarantee for the subsequent movement of the rotating block 333 and the rotation of the clamping block 32, avoiding misalignment or even jamming during the feeding process due to movement deviation.

[0029] The feeding mechanism 3 also includes: a vibratory plate 34 and a fixed base 35. The vibratory plate 34 is provided with a material conveying channel 340. The fixed base 35 is installed on the base 33, and the material conveying channel 340 extends into the fixed base 35. The sliding plate 36 is movably engaged in the fixed base 35, and an arc hole 360 ​​is provided in the sliding plate 36. One end of the linkage rod 37 is hinged to the sliding plate 36 through a connecting pin 370, and the other end is connected to a guide pin 371 that movably abuts against the inner wall of the arc hole 360. The drive arm 38 and the connecting rod 39 are connected. The drive arm 38 is hinged to the fixed base 35. One end of the drive arm 38 movably abuts against the material pulling block 30, and the other end is provided with a waist-shaped hole 380. The connecting rod 39 is hinged to the sliding plate 36. One end of the connecting rod 39 is provided with a connecting post 390 that movably abuts against the inner wall of the waist-shaped hole 380. The material pulling rod 31 is hinged to the guide pin 371 and the end of the connecting rod 39 away from the connecting post 390. The torsion spring 381 is connected to the fixed base 35 at one end and to the drive arm 38 at the other end.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the conveying channel 340 in this embodiment is provided with an inverted T-shaped groove structure to ensure that the multiple bushings 11 to be riveted are all conveyed by the vibrating plate 34. Figure 4 The material is conveyed into the conveying channel 340 in the indicated posture (the guidance and working principle of the vibratory feeder 34 for the bushing 11 are the same as in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here). During this process, the feeding rod 31 is always in a retracted state. Figure 7 As shown in the structure, the guide pin 371 on the feeding rod 31 abuts against the left side wall of the arc hole 360 ​​(i.e., Figure 7 The outer side of the structure shown, i.e., the feeding rod 31, does not extend into the feeding channel 340, ensuring that the multiple bushings 11 are stably fed into the feeding channel 340 and maintained in place. Figure 4 The linear arrangement shown; when the linear guide 330 drives the sliding block 330a along... Figure 5 When moving to the left, the pulling block 30 abuts against the drive arm 38 and pushes it along... Figure 7 When the drive arm 38 rotates clockwise (i.e., the drive arm 38 rotates around its hinge point with the fixed seat 35), the torsion spring 381 is twisted and stores energy. Simultaneously, during the rotation of the drive arm 38, the inner wall of its oblong hole 380 pushes the connecting post 390, thereby causing the connecting rod 39 and the linkage rod 37 to rotate within the fixed seat 35, until the guide pin 371 within the linkage rod 37 moves along the arc hole 360 ​​from... Figure 7 Move to the indicated position Figure 4 When in the position shown, the feed lever 31 is inserted between two adjacent bushings 11 to be riveted (e.g., Figure 4As shown, with the continuous tension of the pull block 30 on the drive arm 38, the linkage rod 37 can no longer rotate relative to the fixed seat 35 due to the contact between the guide pin 371 and the inner wall of the arc hole 360. In addition, the connecting post 390 on the connecting rod 39 abuts against the inner wall of the end of the waist-shaped hole 380, thereby driving the sliding plate 36 and all its components (drive arm 38, connecting rod 39, linkage rod 37 and push rod 31) to slide inside the fixed seat 35. At this time, the push rod 31 moves along the length of the conveying channel 340, thereby pushing the bushing 11 at the end out of the conveying channel 340 and squeezing it into the clamping block 32. Therefore, this solution forms a four-bar linkage 39 mechanism through the coordinated operation of the drive arm 38, connecting rod 39, linkage rod 37, and material feeding rod 31. This mechanism transforms the linear motion of the pulling block 30 into the composite motion trajectory of the material feeding rod 31 (i.e., the material feeding rod 31 performs a linear pushing operation after extending between two adjacent bushings 11). This design achieves orderly separation and precise feeding of the bushings 11. In addition, the torsion spring 381 achieves rapid elastic reset after the drive arm 38 moves, ensuring that the material feeding rod 31 retracts stably to one side of the conveying channel 340 to complete precise return (the retraction action of the material feeding rod 31 ensures that it will not interfere with the position of the bushings 11 in the conveying channel 340 during the reset process), preparing for the next material feeding operation. At the same time, it effectively buffers the rigid impact of the drive arm 38, protects the transmission components, and significantly improves the linkage coordination, automation level, and continuous operation stability of the feeding mechanism 3.

[0031] The fixed base 35 is also provided with mutually perpendicular and interconnected limiting holes 350 and assembly holes 351. The connecting pin 370 is movably abutted against the inner wall of the limiting hole 350. A locking block 352 is elastically connected in the assembly hole 351. The locking block 352 is movably abutted against the connecting pin 370 to limit the displacement of the connecting pin 370 in the limiting hole 350.

[0032] Furthermore, this embodiment achieves precise limiting and locking of the connecting pin 370 through the vertically connected limiting hole 350, assembly hole 351, and elastic locking block 352 structure inside the fixed base 35, further enhancing the operational stability of the feeding transmission structure. Specifically, as shown... Figure 8 As shown, the limiting hole 350 has an oblong shape, and its length direction is the same as the direction in which the push rod 31 pushes the bushing 11 out of the material conveying channel 340. This limiting hole 350 guides and limits the horizontal displacement of the connecting pin 370, preventing lateral displacement of the connecting pin 370 during the operation of the linkage rod 37 and the sliding plate 36. Secondly, the assembly hole 351 has an elastic connection (i.e., a return spring is connected to the locking block 352, see reference). Figure 8The locking block 352 (as shown in the diagram) extends into the limiting hole 350 in its normal state. It is worth noting that the end of the locking block 352 has an arc groove 352a and guide slopes 352b distributed on both sides of the opening of the arc groove 352a. When the sliding plate 36 drives the connecting pin 370 to approach the end position of the limiting hole 350, the connecting pin 370 pre-presses the locking block 352 to disengage from the limiting hole 350 and retracts into the fixed seat 35. After the connecting pin 370 completely crosses the locking block 352, the locking block 352 extends into the limiting hole 350 again under the elastic reset action of the return spring. At this time, the arc groove 352a on the locking block 352 abuts against the outer wall of the connecting pin 370, thereby stably limiting the sliding plate 36 and ensuring that the guide pin 371 on the linkage rod 37 slides back and forth in the arc hole 360 ​​to achieve the smoothness and stability of the extension and retraction of the feed rod 31.

[0033] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment also includes a rotating stop 353 and an arc spring 354 on the fixed base 35. The rotating stop 353 is hinged to the fixed base 35, and the rotating stop 353 and the fixed base 35 are connected by the arc spring 354. The elastic force of the arc spring 354 applies a blocking force to the rotating stop 353 against the bushing 11, ensuring that the multiple bushings 11 output by the vibratory feeder 34 cannot be dislodged from the material conveying channel 340 without external force. As the feeding rod 31 applies a pushing force to the bushing 11 in the direction of the clamping block 32, the rotating stop 353 begins to move around its hinge point with the fixed base 35. Figure 4 Rotating counterclockwise, the arc spring 354 is gradually compressed. After the feeding rod 31 and the front bushing 11 have passed, the rotating block 353 rotates again towards the feeding channel 340 under the elastic reset action of the arc spring 354 and abuts against the next bushing 11. By repeating this operation, the sequential feeding process of multiple bushings 11 can be completed.

[0034] The rotating block 333 includes a mounting arm 333a and a traction arm 333b. The clamping block 32 is movably connected to the mounting arm 333a. A traction wheel 333c is installed at the end of the traction arm 333b. A track groove 335 is opened in the base 33. The traction wheel 333c movably abuts against the inner wall of the track groove 335.

[0035] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, this solution optimizes the structure of the rotating block 333, dividing it into two parts: a mounting arm 333a and a traction arm 333b. The mounting arm 333a provides stable assembly support for the clamping block 32, ensuring structural stability during the clamping process and preventing loosening and displacement. The traction wheel 333c at the end of the traction arm 333b movably abuts against the inner wall of the track groove 335 of the base 33, transforming traditional rigid sliding friction into rolling friction, significantly reducing frictional resistance during the rotation of the rotating block 333, reducing component wear, and improving the smoothness of the rotation. It is worth noting that the track groove 335 in this embodiment can precisely constrain the running trajectory of the traction wheel 333c, making the rotation angle and stroke of the rotating block 333 completely controllable (e.g., ...). Figure 5 As shown, the track groove 335 consists of three straight grooves. The middle straight groove is parallel to the other two straight grooves, and both ends are connected by inclined grooves, forming a concave structure. When the traction wheel slides from the straight grooves at both ends to the middle straight groove, it can guide the traction arm relative to the base along... Figure 5 Rotating 90° clockwise precisely matches the material receiving and feeding station requirements of bushing 11, avoiding misalignment or even falling of bushing 11 due to rotational deviation, further improving the accuracy and stability of bushing 11 transfer in the feeding mechanism 3, and ensuring the reliable operation of continuous automated feeding operations.

[0036] The clamping block 32 includes a first clamping arm 320 and a second clamping arm 321. Both ends of the first clamping arm 320 and the second clamping arm 321 are respectively formed with a clamping arc surface 322a and a sector tooth 322b. The two clamping arc surfaces 322a together form a clamping cavity 322c, and the two sector teeth 322b mesh with each other.

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the two clamping arms achieve synchronous opening and closing actions through the meshing of the sector teeth 322b. That is, when the feeding rod 31 squeezes the bushing 11 into the clamping cavity 322c, since the outer diameter of the bushing 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the bushing 11, the two clamping arms achieve synchronous opening and closing actions. Figure 6The initial size of the clamping cavity 322c shown indicates that the compression of the bushing 11 will inevitably drive the first clamping arm 320 and the second clamping arm 321 to rotate relative to the mounting arm 333a. In turn, the two fan-shaped teeth 322b effectively ensure that the opening and closing angles of the first clamping arm 320 and the second clamping arm 321 are symmetrical and their movements are highly synchronized, effectively avoiding the problems of unilateral clamping offset and uneven clamping force. At the same time, the opening and closing structure of the fan-shaped teeth 322b can adapt to the clamping requirements of bushings 11 of different specifications, improving the application range and processing compatibility of the equipment. Secondly, the clamping arc surface 322a in this embodiment can precisely fit with the outer wall of the bushing 11 to form a wrap-around clamping structure, which greatly improves the clamping stability. During the transfer and station switching of the bushing 11, it can effectively prevent the bushing 11 from loosening, falling off, or shifting, ensuring the positional accuracy of the bushing 11.

[0038] An extension block 320a is also formed at the end of the first clamping arm 320, and a second elastic member 320b is connected between the extension block 320a and the inner wall of the mounting arm 333a.

[0039] Continue to refer to Figure 6 The structure shown provides elastic compensation and buffer protection for the clamping operation of the clamping block 32 by setting a second elastic element 320b between the extension block 320a and the mounting arm 333a. During the opening and closing of the clamping arm to clamp the bushing 11, the second elastic element 320b can provide adaptive elastic clamping force. On the one hand, it can adaptively adjust the clamping force according to the slight tolerance of the outer diameter of the bushing 11, avoiding excessive clamping force that could damage the bushing 11, and preventing insufficient clamping force that could cause the bushing 11 to slip off, effectively improving the protection and stability of the bushing 11 clamping. On the other hand, the second elastic element 320b can buffer the rigid impact during the opening and closing of the clamping arm, reducing the operating noise of the clamping mechanism and the wear of parts. At the same time, it provides elastic buffering under equipment vibration conditions to prevent the clamping arm from loosening or shifting, continuously ensuring clamping accuracy, extending the service life of the clamping block 32 and the matching transmission structure, and further improving the yield rate and operational reliability of the equipment.

[0040] The positioning seat 21 is provided with a fixed post 210 and a guide hole 211. The conveyor chain 20 is provided with a fastener 200 that passes through the guide hole 211 and is connected to the positioning seat 21. The fastener 200 and the fixed post 210 are connected by a tension spring 212.

[0041] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, a contour block 213 is elastically connected inside the positioning seat 21 (the workpiece 10 to be riveted is placed inside the contour block 213). That is, a spring is connected to the bottom wall of the contour block 213 to achieve the buffering and shock absorption effect during the riveting process. In addition, this solution also sets a reference block 22 on the frame 2, located on one side of the conveyor chain 20. The reference block 22 can be driven by a cylinder or hydraulic cylinder to move closer to or away from the positioning seat 21. When the conveyor chain 20 moves the positioning seat 21 to the side of the reference block 22 (that is, the positioning seat 21 and the reference block 22 are aligned), the fastener 200 pulls the fixing column 210 through the tension spring 212, thereby driving the positioning seat 21 relative to the conveyor chain 20 along the direction of the fixed column 210. Figure 2 The device moves horizontally to the left until the side wall of the positioning seat 21 abuts against the reference block 22, achieving stable positioning and ensuring smoothness and stability during subsequent riveting operations. It is evident that the tension spring 212 connection structure between the fastener 200 (which can be screws, bolts, or other connecting components) and the fixing post 210 provides the positioning seat 21 with elastic buffering and micro-adaptive adjustment capabilities. When there is a slight misalignment between the bushing 11 and the workpiece 10, the positioning seat 21 can achieve micro-position adjustment through the elastic deformation of the tension spring 212, adaptively correcting the alignment error, ensuring the accuracy of the riveting operation, and reducing the riveting defect rate. This structure is simple and reliable, achieving buffering and shock absorption and adaptive alignment without complex control, significantly improving equipment operating stability and product riveting qualification rate.

[0042] Preferably, such as Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment also includes a mounting block 23 on the frame 2. The mounting block 23 contains a moving shaft 230 and a common spring. A bearing 231 is connected to the bottom end of the moving shaft 230. The side wall of the positioning seat 21 away from the reference block 22 can abut against the bearing 231. When the conveyor chain 20 moves the positioning seat 21 to the side of the bearing 231, if the positioning seat 21 shifts relative to the conveyor chain 20, it will abut against the bearing 231, thereby causing the moving shaft 230 to move relative to the mounting block 23 along... Figure 3 A slight displacement occurs when the object moves to the right. At this point, the ordinary spring is compressed, and in conjunction with the tensioning operation of the aforementioned tension spring 212 on the fixed post 210, the positioning seat 21 automatically aligns and abuts against the reference block 22. After the riveting action is completed, the reference block 22 releases its constraint on the positioning seat 21 under the drive of a cylinder or hydraulic cylinder (positioning and locking are usually achieved using a snap-fit ​​structure of protrusions and grooves, see reference). Figure 2 and Figure 3 The conveyor chain 20 can drive the positioning seat 21 to move. At this time, the bearing 231 can effectively guide the positioning seat 21 to move in the predetermined direction, ensuring the smoothness and stability of the riveting equipment during operation.

[0043] The lifting mechanism 4 includes: a housing 40 on which a drive motor 41 is disposed; a transmission rod 42 disposed inside the housing 40, the bottom end of the transmission rod 42 being connected to a driven gear 420, the output end of the drive motor 41 being connected to a driving gear 410, the driving gear 410 being movably engaged with the driven gear 420; a moving block 43 and a pin 44, the moving block 43 being movably connected to the transmission rod 42 and being movable relative to the housing 40 along the axial direction of the transmission rod 42; the pin 44 being disposed inside the moving block 43 and connected to the moving block 43 by a third elastic element 45.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 9 As shown, when the linear guide 330 drives the rotating block 333 along... Figure 4 After rotating 90° clockwise, the bushing 11, held by the first clamping arm 320 and the second clamping arm 321, is positioned directly above the pin 44. Power is smoothly output and torque is matched through the meshing of the drive motor 41 (such as a stepper motor or servo motor) and the meshing of the active gear 410 and the driven gear 420. Gear transmission offers advantages such as high transmission accuracy, uniform power output, and stable operation. It can precisely control the rotation angle and speed of the transmission rod 42, thereby precisely regulating the lifting stroke and speed of the moving block 43. This ensures precise and controllable lifting displacement of the bushing 11, achieving precise alignment and pre-assembly between the bushing 11 and the workpiece 10. It is worth noting that the structure and working principle of the moving block 43 and the transmission rod 42 in this embodiment are the same as those of the ball screw in the prior art. By utilizing the linear movement of the moving block 43 along the axis of the transmission rod 42, the lifting trajectory can be strictly limited, effectively preventing the bushing 11 from shifting or swaying during the lifting process. As the moving block 43 lifts the bushing 11 into the workpiece 10 via the pin 44, the riveting mechanism 5 engages with the pin 44 and applies pressure as it performs its upward riveting operation. At this time, the third elastic element 45 provides a buffer for the retraction of the pin 44, preventing damage caused by rigid impact and extending its service life. After the riveting operation is completed, the moving block 43 moves the pin 44 away from the positioning seat 21, and the third elastic element 45, under its elastic reset action, pushes the pin 44 back to its original position. Figure 9 The initial position shown ensures stable pickup of the subsequent riveted bushing 11, improving the long-term stability and service life of the lifting mechanism 4.

[0045] The riveting mechanism 5 includes: a riveting cylinder 50, which is vertically mounted on the frame 2, and a riveting block 500 is connected to the output shaft of the riveting cylinder 50; an assembly block 51 and a riveting head 52, wherein a limit post 510 is connected inside the assembly block 51, and the riveting block 500 is movably connected to the limit post 510; a connecting seat 501 that can movably pass through the assembly block 51 is provided on the output shaft, and the riveting head 52 is mounted on the connecting seat 501; a fixed sleeve 53 and a guide post 54, wherein the fixed sleeve 53 is detachably connected to the frame 2, and the guide post 54 movably passes through the fixed sleeve 53, the riveting block 500, and the assembly block 51 in sequence, and a fourth elastic element 55 is connected between the guide post 54 and the assembly block 51; and an assembly seat 56, which is detachably connected to the side wall of the assembly block 51, and a positioning pin 57 is installed on the bottom wall of the assembly seat 56, and the positioning pin 57 is movably inserted into the workpiece 10.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 10As shown, after the pin 44 pushes the bushing 11 into the pre-installed hole in the workpiece 10, the riveting cylinder 50 drives the riveting block 500, guide post 54, assembly block 51, and assembly seat 56 to move vertically downward as a whole through the output shaft. Since the vertical height of the positioning pin 57 is greater than that of the riveting head 52, the positioning pin 57 will first contact and insert into the positioning hole of the workpiece 10 during the downward movement. This step can perform secondary precise correction of the workpiece 10 in the positioning seat 21, constrain the horizontal degree of freedom of the workpiece 10, and eliminate the alignment error caused by the gap of the conveyor chain 20, the floating offset of the positioning seat 21, and the placement deviation of the workpiece 10. This ensures that the hole of the bushing 11 to be riveted, the bushing 11, and the riveting head 52 on the workpiece 10 are strictly coaxial and centered, providing a high-precision reference for subsequent riveting. As the riveting cylinder 50 continues to drive, the riveting head 52 can extend into the bushing 11 and rivet it onto the workpiece 10. During this process, the guide column 54 and the assembly block 51 guide and limit the riveting stroke throughout, improving the straightness and stability of the riveting action and preventing the riveting head 52 from shaking or deviating during the riveting process. The configuration of the fourth elastic element 55 can achieve flexible buffering in the riveting process (the guide column 54 extends outward along its radial direction to form a boss (not shown in the figure). When the riveting block 500 moves downward, it can gradually compress the fourth elastic element 55 by squeezing it through the boss. This structure and working principle are the same as the existing technology and will not be described in detail here). The riveting pressure is precisely controlled to prevent the pressure from being too high at any moment and crushing the workpiece 10 or the bushing 11. At the same time, the riveting pressure is evenly released, so that the bushing 11 and the workpiece 10 fit tightly and the riveting is flat. Furthermore, the modular, detachable structures (such as the fixing sleeve 53, assembly block 51, and assembly base 56, all of which can be disassembled and assembled using screws or bolts) facilitate equipment disassembly and maintenance, as well as parts replacement. This allows for the adaptation of riveting operations on workpieces 10 and bushings 11 of different specifications, significantly improving the equipment's versatility and ease of maintenance. It should be noted that the riveting structure and working principle of this riveting mechanism 5 for bushings 11 are the same as existing technologies, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0047] It should be noted that the first elastic element 334, the second elastic element 320b, the third elastic element 45, and the fourth elastic element 55 in this embodiment can all be replaced by other elastic devices such as compression springs and return springs. Furthermore, the hinged connection method described in this embodiment preferably uses a pin connection, while the detachable connection method preferably uses screws, bolts, or other connecting components to achieve convenient assembly and disassembly.

[0048] It should be noted that in this invention, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "a" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. The terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0050] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic bushing riveting device, characterized in that, include: A frame on which a conveyor chain is configured, and a plurality of positioning seats are installed on the conveyor chain. The positioning seats are used to position and support the workpiece to be riveted. A feeding mechanism is provided on the frame. The feeding mechanism includes a pulling block, a pushing rod, and a clamping block. When the pulling block moves in a direction away from the clamping block, it drives the pushing rod to move so as to push the bushing to be riveted into the clamping block. When the pulling block moves toward the clamping block, it pushes the clamping block to rotate relative to the frame, so as to transport the bushing clamped in the clamping block to the bottom of the positioning seat; A lifting mechanism is provided on the frame, and the lifting mechanism is used to push the bushing in the clamping block upward into the workpiece on the positioning seat; A riveting mechanism is mounted on the frame and located above the conveyor chain. The riveting mechanism is used to move vertically toward the positioning seat to rivet the bushing onto the workpiece.

2. The automatic bushing riveting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism also includes: A base on which a linear guide rail is mounted, the output end of which is connected to a sliding block, and the material pulling block is detachably connected to the top wall of the sliding block; A sliding seat is movably connected to the sliding block, and a stop block is installed on the base, with the sliding seat movably abutting against the stop block; A rotating block is hinged to the sliding seat, and a clamping block is movably connected to one end of the rotating block. The other end of the rotating block is movably engaged in the base. The first elastic element has a connecting block disposed on the sliding seat, and an assembly groove is formed at the end of the pulling block. The two ends of the first elastic element are respectively connected to the assembly groove and the connecting block.

3. The automatic bushing riveting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating block includes a mounting arm and a traction arm, and the clamping block is movably connected to the mounting arm; a traction wheel is installed at the end of the traction arm, and a track groove is opened in the base, with the traction wheel movably abutting against the inner wall of the track groove.

4. The automatic bushing riveting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism also includes: A vibratory feeder and a fixed base are provided, wherein the vibratory feeder is provided with a material conveying channel; the fixed base is mounted on the base and the material conveying channel extends into the fixed base; A sliding plate and a linkage rod are provided. The sliding plate is movably engaged in the fixed base and has an arc-shaped hole. One end of the linkage rod is hinged to the sliding plate by a connecting pin, and the other end is connected to a guide pin that movably abuts against the inner wall of the arc-shaped hole. The drive arm and connecting rod are provided. The drive arm is hinged to the fixed base. One end of the drive arm movably abuts against the material pulling block, and the other end is provided with a waist-shaped hole. The connecting rod is hinged to the sliding plate. One end of the connecting rod is provided with a connecting post that movably abuts against the inner wall of the waist-shaped hole. The material pushing rod is hinged to the guide pin and the end of the connecting rod away from the connecting post. A torsion spring, one end of which is connected to the fixed base and the other end of which is connected to the drive arm.

5. The automatic bushing riveting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping block includes a first clamping arm and a second clamping arm. Both ends of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are respectively formed with a clamping arc surface and a fan-shaped tooth. The two clamping arc surfaces together form a clamping cavity, and the two fan-shaped teeth mesh with each other.

6. The automatic bushing riveting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixed base is also provided with mutually perpendicular and interconnected limiting holes and assembly holes. The connecting pin is movably abutted against the inner wall of the limiting hole. A locking block is elastically connected in the assembly hole. The locking block is movably abutted against the connecting pin to limit the displacement of the connecting pin in the limiting hole.

7. The automatic bushing riveting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, An extension block is also formed at the end of the first clamping arm, and a second elastic element is connected between the extension block and the inner wall of the mounting arm.

8. The automatic bushing riveting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning seat is provided with a fixed post and a guide hole, and the conveyor chain is provided with a fastener that passes through the guide hole and connects to the positioning seat. The fastener and the fixed post are connected by a tension spring.

9. The automatic bushing riveting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes: The housing, on which a drive motor is mounted; A transmission rod is disposed inside the housing. A driven gear is connected to the bottom end of the transmission rod, and a driving gear is connected to the output end of the drive motor. The driving gear is movably engaged with the driven gear. A movable block and a pin are provided. The movable block is movably connected to the transmission rod and can move relative to the housing along the axial direction of the transmission rod. The pin is disposed inside the movable block and is connected to the movable block by a third elastic element.

10. The automatic bushing riveting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The riveting mechanism includes: A riveting cylinder is vertically mounted on the frame, and a riveting block is connected to the output shaft of the riveting cylinder. An assembly block and a riveting head are provided. The assembly block is connected to a limiting post, and the riveting head is movably connected to the limiting post. The output shaft is provided with a connecting seat that can move through the assembly block, and the riveting head is mounted on the connecting seat. A fixed sleeve and a guide post are provided. The fixed sleeve is detachably connected to the frame. The guide post moves through the fixed sleeve, the rivet block and the assembly block in sequence. A fourth elastic element is connected between the guide post and the assembly block. An assembly base is detachably connected to the side wall of the assembly block, and a positioning pin is installed on the bottom wall of the assembly base, the positioning pin being movably inserted into the workpiece.

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