High-speed drilling and milling combined numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The application discloses a high-speed drilling and milling combined numerical control machine tool and particularly relates to the field of machining machine tools, which comprises an operation table, a supporting frame is fixedly connected to the operation table, a temporary storage table is installed on the operation table, a transverse driving assembly is installed on the supporting frame, the output end of the transverse driving assembly is connected with a sliding frame one, the output end of the transverse driving assembly is used for driving the sliding frame one to move in a preset direction, a vertical driving assembly is installed on the sliding frame one, the output end of the vertical driving assembly is connected with a sliding frame two, the vertical driving assembly is used for driving the sliding frame two to move in a preset direction, an electric push rod one is fixedly connected to the sliding frame two, and the output end of the electric push rod one is installed with a main shaft unit. The application is provided with a ring-shaped support and a plurality of tool changing units which are distributed in a circumferential array on the ring-shaped support, and a ring-shaped tool magazine which is closely surrounded above the main shaft is formed, the tool changing stroke and the tool changing time are greatly shortened, and the machining efficiency of the multi-tool precision machining mode is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool technology, and more specifically, to a high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tools are high-precision machining equipment that integrates multiple machining functions such as drilling, milling, and tapping. They are widely used in the machining of complex parts in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, mold processing and other fields. These machine tools usually need to frequently change different specifications of tools during the machining process to meet the machining requirements of different processes such as drilling, milling planes, milling grooves, and tapping. Therefore, the automatic tool changing speed and tool changing accuracy directly affect the overall machining efficiency and machining quality of the machine tool.

[0003] Traditional tool magazines typically employ a disc or chain-type structure, mounted on the side or column of the machine tool. Tool changes require the spindle to move to a fixed position. This layout, far from the spindle, results in long tool change strokes and extended time. Furthermore, the tool magazines are bulky, occupying significant machine space and limiting the compactness of the machining area. While some miniaturized tool magazines have emerged in recent years attempting to integrate the magazine near the spindle to shorten the tool change stroke, most use a fixed connection. This means the added mass of the tool magazine, its attached tool changer, and multiple tools always acts on the spindle. During high-speed roughing operations, this added mass significantly increases the spindle's moment of inertia, dulling its acceleration and deceleration response and reducing dynamic tracking accuracy. Simultaneously, the additional centrifugal and inertial forces exacerbate spindle bearing wear. Over long-term operation, this not only affects the surface finish but also shortens the lifespan of the spindle system.

[0004] In summary, to achieve rapid tool changing near the spindle, it is necessary to address the issues of traditional tool magazines being far from the spindle, resulting in long tool changing strokes and time consumption, and the inability of integrated small tool magazines to detach as needed due to their fixed connection method, thus failing to achieve efficient, stable, and rapid tool changing near the spindle. This would enable composite CNC machine tools to balance tool changing efficiency and machining stability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool, which aims to solve the following problems: traditional tool magazines are far from the spindle, resulting in long tool change strokes and long time consumption, while integrated small tool magazines cannot be detached as needed due to their fixed connection method, which makes it impossible to achieve efficient, stable and fast tool change near the spindle.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool, comprising an operating table, a support frame fixedly connected to the operating table, a temporary storage platform installed on the operating table, a transverse drive assembly installed on the support frame, a slide carriage one connected to the output end of the transverse drive assembly, the output end of the transverse drive assembly being used to drive the slide carriage one to move along a preset direction, a vertical drive assembly installed on the slide carriage one, a slide carriage two connected to the output end of the vertical drive assembly, the vertical drive assembly being used to drive the slide carriage two to move along a preset direction, an electric push rod one fixedly connected to the slide carriage two, a spindle unit installed at the output end of the electric push rod one, a mounting frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide carriage two, a clamping shell fixedly connected to the mounting frame, a clamping assembly installed on the clamping shell, a turntable connected to the output end of the clamping assembly, the clamping assembly being used to drive the turntable to rotate, a plurality of clamping blocks slidably connected to the turntable, an annular bracket installed between the plurality of clamping blocks, and a plurality of tool changing units installed on the annular bracket; The spindle unit includes a servo motor three fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod one, a rotating frame fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor three, a servo motor four fixedly connected to the rotating frame, an electric push rod two fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor four, and a quick connector fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod two. The servo motor three is used to drive the rotating frame to rotate, the servo motor four is used to drive the electric push rod two to rotate, and the electric push rod two is used to drive the quick connector to move along a preset direction. The tool changing unit includes a micro motor fixedly connected to a ring bracket, a tool holder fixedly connected to the output end of the micro motor, an angle sensor fixedly connected to the tool holder via a shaft, and a tool installed in the tool holder. The micro motor is used to drive the tool holder to rotate, and the angle sensor is used to detect the rotation angle of the tool holder in real time.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the lateral drive assembly includes a servo motor fixedly connected to a support frame, a synchronous pulley fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor by a shaft, a synchronous belt sleeved on the outside of the synchronous pulley, two synchronous pulleys respectively sleeved on both ends of the synchronous belt, and two threaded rods respectively fixedly connected to the two synchronous pulleys. The two threaded rods are rotatably connected to the operating table and threadedly connected to the carriage. The servo motor is used to drive the synchronous pulleys to rotate.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the vertical drive assembly includes a servo motor 2 fixedly connected to a slide 1, a synchronous pulley 3 fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 2 via a shaft, a synchronous belt 2 sleeved on the outside of the synchronous pulley 3, two synchronous pulleys 4 respectively sleeved on both ends of the synchronous belt 2, and two threaded rods 2 respectively fixedly connected to the two synchronous pulleys 4. Both threaded rods 2 are rotatably connected to the slide 1, and both threaded rods 2 are threadedly connected to the slide 2. The servo motor 2 is used to drive the synchronous pulley 3 to rotate.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the clamping assembly includes a servo motor five fixedly connected to the clamping housing, a bevel gear one fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor five via a shaft, a bevel gear two meshing with one side of the bevel gear one, and several bevel gears three meshing with one side of the bevel gear one. The bevel gear two is fixedly connected to the turntable, and the servo motor five is used to drive the bevel gear one to rotate.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the turntable has a vortex groove, and the clamping block has a protrusion, with the vortex groove and the protrusion slidably connected.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a shape memory alloy locking ring is fixedly connected inside the tool holder, a sealing sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool holder, a vacuum pump is fixedly connected to the annular bracket, and an air extraction pipe is fixedly connected between the vacuum pump and the sealing sleeve.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of nozzles are fixedly connected to the top of the knife seat, an air compressor is fixedly connected to the annular bracket, and an air supply pipe is fixedly connected between the air compressor and the nozzles.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of nozzles are fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular support, an air compressor is fixedly connected to the annular support, and an air delivery pipe is fixedly connected between the air compressor and the nozzles.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a groove is provided on the annular bracket, and a counterweight assembly is installed in the groove. The output end of the counterweight assembly is connected to two counterweight blocks, and the counterweight assembly is used to drive the counterweight blocks to move along the groove.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the counterweight assembly includes a spur gear 1 fixedly connected in a slide groove, a spur gear 2 meshing with one side of the spur gear 1, a slide plate slidably connected to an annular bracket, and a servo motor 6 fixedly connected to the slide plate. The output end of the servo motor 6 is fixedly connected to the spur gear 2, the spur gear 2 is rotatably connected to the slide plate, the counterweight is fixedly connected to the slide plate, and the servo motor 6 is used to drive the spur gear 2 to rotate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention constructs a ring-shaped tool magazine tightly surrounding the spindle by setting up a ring support and multiple tool changing units arranged in a circular array on the ring support. Each tool holder is equipped with an independent micro motor and tilt sensor, which enables the tool holder to quickly rotate to the tool changing angle and achieve closed-loop positioning control. Combined with the multi-degree-of-freedom swing mechanism of the spindle unit, the spindle can complete tool exchange in place, which greatly shortens the tool changing stroke and tool changing time, and significantly improves the machining efficiency of multi-tool precision machining mode.

[0017] 2. This invention achieves the on-demand carrying function of the ring support by setting up a clamping mechanism consisting of a clamping component, a turntable, a vortex groove and three clamping blocks, in conjunction with a temporary storage stage. This allows the spindle unit to completely shed the ring support and its attached tool changing unit and other additional mass during long-term roughing, thereby reducing the spindle's rotational inertia, reducing bearing wear, and ensuring machining accuracy during high-speed rotation.

[0018] 3. This invention achieves dynamic balancing after tool change by opening a groove on the annular support and installing a counterweight component, in conjunction with the gravity sensor integrated in each tool holder. This ensures that the center of mass of the entire annular support is always kept within the spindle axis range, effectively avoiding vibration problems caused by uneven mass distribution and guaranteeing the dynamic balance performance of the annular support when rotating with the turntable.

[0019] 4. This invention provides multiple nozzles (II) evenly distributed in a circular pattern at the bottom of the annular support, with each nozzle (II) tilted downwards to form a conical air curtain. This effectively prevents cutting chips from flying into the tool changing area inside the annular support, protecting the cleanliness and normal operation of the tool changing unit. At the same time, a nozzle (I) is installed on the top of each tool holder, and an independently controlled miniature solenoid valve is integrated into the air supply pipe (I) to clean the chips and coolant on the tool holder, ensuring the precision of the fit between the tool holder and the quick connector during tool changing.

[0020] 5. This invention forms a double locking mechanism by setting a shape memory alloy locking ring in the tool holder and connecting a sealing sleeve and a vacuum pump at the bottom of the tool holder. The two work together to ensure the stable storage of the tool in the tool holder and to achieve rapid release of the tool, effectively preventing the risk of the tool accidentally falling off during tool changing. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the operating table structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the slide of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the quick connector structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping shell structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the turntable structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the ring-shaped support structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight structure of the present invention.

[0031] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Operating console; 2. Support frame; 301. Servo motor one; 302. Synchronous pulley one; 303. Synchronous belt one; 304. Synchronous pulley two; 305. Threaded rod one; 4. Slide one; 501. Servo motor two; 502. Synchronous pulley three; 503. Synchronous belt two; 504. Synchronous pulley four; 505. Threaded rod two; 6. Slide two; 7. Electric push rod one; 8. Servo motor three; 9. Rotating frame; 10. Servo motor four; 11. Electric push rod two; 12. Quick connector; 13. Mounting bracket; 14. Clamping housing; 1501. Servo motor five; 1502. Bevel gear one; 1503. Bevel gear two; 150 4. Bevel gear three; 16. Turntable; 1601. Vortex groove; 17. Clamping block; 1701. Protrusion; 18. Ring bracket; 1801. Slide groove; 19. Micro motor; 20. Tool holder; 21. Tilt sensor; 22. Tool; 23. Memory alloy locking ring; 24. Vacuum pump; 25. Sealing sleeve; 26. Air extraction pipe; 27. Air compressor one; 28. Nozzle one; 29. ​​Air delivery pipe one; 30. Air compressor two; 31. Nozzle two; 32. Air delivery pipe two; 3301. Spur gear one; 3302. Spur gear two; 3303. Slide plate; 3304. Servo motor six; 34. Counterweight; 35. Temporary storage platform. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0033] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figures 1 to 10A high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool includes an operating table 1, a support frame 2 fixedly connected to the operating table 1, a temporary storage platform 35 mounted on the operating table 1, a transverse drive assembly mounted on the support frame 2, a slide 4 connected to the output end of the transverse drive assembly, the output end of the transverse drive assembly being used to drive the slide 4 to move along a preset direction, a vertical drive assembly mounted on the slide 4, a slide 6 connected to the output end of the vertical drive assembly, the vertical drive assembly being used to drive the slide 6 to move along a preset direction, and the slide 6... An electric push rod 7 is fixedly connected to the top. A spindle unit is installed at the output end of the electric push rod 7. A mounting frame 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide 6. A clamping shell 14 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 13. A clamping assembly is installed on the clamping shell 14. A turntable 16 is connected to the output end of the clamping assembly. The clamping assembly is used to drive the turntable 16 to rotate. Several clamping blocks 17 are slidably connected to the turntable 16. A ring bracket 18 is installed between the several clamping blocks 17. Several tool changing units are installed on the ring bracket 18. The spindle unit includes a servo motor 8 fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod 7, a rotating frame 9 fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 8, a servo motor 10 fixedly connected to the rotating frame 9, an electric push rod 11 fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 10, and a quick connector 12 fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod 11. The servo motor 8 is used to drive the rotating frame 9 to rotate, the servo motor 10 is used to drive the electric push rod 11 to rotate, and the electric push rod 11 is used to drive the quick connector 12 to move along a preset direction. The tool changing unit includes a micro motor 19 fixedly connected to the ring bracket 18, a tool holder 20 fixedly connected to the output end of the micro motor 19, an angle sensor 21 fixedly connected to the tool holder 20 via a shaft, and a tool 22 installed in the tool holder 20. The micro motor 19 is used to drive the tool holder 20 to rotate, and the angle sensor 21 is used to detect the rotation angle of the tool holder 20 in real time.

[0034] It should be noted that the operating table 1 serves as the base of the entire machine tool. A support frame 2 and a temporary storage platform 35 are mounted on its top surface. The support frame 2 provides the mounting reference for the transverse drive assembly. The temporary storage platform 35 is installed on one side of the operating table 1, and its top surface is used to temporarily place the ring-shaped bracket 18 removed from the clamping assembly. The transverse drive assembly is mounted on the crossbeam of the support frame 2 and is used to drive the slide 4 to reciprocate along the horizontal transverse direction of the machine tool. A vertical drive assembly is mounted on the slide 4, which is used to drive the slide 6 to move along the horizontal vertical direction of the machine tool. The housing of the electric push rod 7 is vertically fixed to the center of the front of the slide 6, and its output end extends vertically downwards and is installed... There is a main spindle unit for driving the main spindle unit to move vertically. The mounting bracket 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide 6. A clamping shell 14 is connected below. The clamping shell 14 is a cylindrical shell structure with a hollow interior to accommodate and protect the clamping assembly. The clamping assembly is installed inside the clamping shell 14. Its output end is connected to the turntable 16 to drive the turntable 16 to rotate around its own axis. The turntable 16 drives the clamping blocks 17 to move radially. There are three clamping blocks 17, which are used to move radially from the outside to the inside to clamp or release the annular support 18. The annular support 18 is a circular structure with a conical docking ring at the top. The outer conical surface of the conical ring is adapted to the shape of the inner clamping surface of the clamping block 17.

[0035] It is worth noting that in the spindle unit, servo motor 3 (8) drives the rotating frame 9 to rotate and index in the horizontal plane. Servo motor 4 (10) is connected to the rotating frame 9. Servo motor 4 (10) drives electric push rod 2 (11) to swing in the vertical plane. The tail of the housing of electric push rod 2 (11) is connected to the output end of servo motor 4 (10). Its output end extends and retracts along its own axis, and a quick connector 12 is fixedly connected to its end. Electric push rod 2 (11) drives quick connector 12 to move in a straight line to approach or move away from the tool holder 20. Quick connector 12 is a standard tool holder clamping mechanism, which has an internal elastic chuck and locking structure for automatically clamping or releasing the tool 22. In the tool changing unit, the housing of the micro motor 19 is connected to the annular bracket 18 to drive the tool holder 20 to rotate around its own axis. The tool holder 20 is a cylindrical structure, which is used to accommodate and fix the tool 22. The tilt sensor 21 is coaxially connected to the end of the rotating shaft of the tool holder 20 through a bushing. Its signal line is connected to an external controller to detect the rotation angle of the tool holder 20 in real time and feed it back to the controller to form a closed-loop control. The tool 22 is a standard modular tool. Its shank is inserted into the interior of the tool holder 20, and the tool tip faces the center of the annular bracket 18 so that it can be gripped by the quick connector 12 of the spindle unit during tool changing.

[0036] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 2The lateral drive assembly includes a servo motor 301 fixedly connected to the support frame 2, a synchronous pulley 302 fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 301 via a shaft, a synchronous belt 303 sleeved on the outside of the synchronous pulley 302, two synchronous pulleys 304 respectively sleeved on both ends of the synchronous belt 303, and two threaded rods 305 respectively fixedly connected to the two synchronous pulleys 304. Both threaded rods 305 are rotatably connected to the operating table 1, and both threaded rods 305 are threadedly connected to the slide 4. The servo motor 301 is used to drive the synchronous pulley 302 to rotate.

[0037] It should be noted that servo motor 301 is connected to the top side of support frame 2, and its output end is connected to the shaft of synchronous pulley 302. Synchronous pulley 302 is the driving pulley, and the two synchronous pulleys 304 are driven pulleys. Transmission is achieved through synchronous belt 303. The two synchronous pulleys 304 are respectively fixedly connected to one end of two threaded rods 305 via shafts. The two threaded rods 305 are parallel to each other and extend horizontally (the two threaded rods 305 are identical products from the same batch on the same production line). The slide 4... The two sides are respectively provided with threaded holes that match the two threaded rods 305. The two threaded rods 305 pass through the corresponding threaded holes and are threadedly connected to the slide 4. When the servo motor 301 drives the synchronous pulley 302 to rotate, the synchronous pulley 302 drives the two synchronous pulleys 304 to rotate synchronously through the synchronous belt 303. The two synchronous pulleys 304 drive the two threaded rods 305 to rotate synchronously in the same direction. The two threaded rods 305 drive the slide 4 to move linearly along the axis of the threaded rods 305 through the threaded transmission.

[0038] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 3 The vertical drive assembly includes a servo motor 501 fixedly connected to the slide 4, a synchronous pulley 502 fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 501 via a shaft, a synchronous belt 503 sleeved on the outside of the synchronous pulley 502, two synchronous pulleys 504 respectively sleeved on both ends of the synchronous belt 503, and two threaded rods 505 respectively fixedly connected to the two synchronous pulleys 504. Both threaded rods 505 are rotatably connected to the slide 4 and are threadedly connected to the slide 6. The servo motor 501 is used to drive the synchronous pulley 502 to rotate.

[0039] It should be noted that servo motor 2 501 is connected to one side of slide 4, and its output end is fixedly connected to synchronous pulley 3 502 via a shaft. Synchronous pulley 3 502 is the driving pulley, and the two synchronous pulleys 4 504 are driven pulleys, which are driven by synchronous belt 2 503. The two synchronous pulleys 4 504 are respectively fixedly connected to one end of two threaded rods 2 505 via shafts. The two threaded rods 2 505 are parallel to each other and extend in a vertical direction (the two threaded rods 2 505 are the same products from the same batch on the same production line). The two slides 2 6... The sides are respectively provided with threaded holes that match the two threaded rods 505. The two threaded rods 505 pass through the corresponding threaded holes and are threadedly connected to the slide 6. When the servo motor 501 drives the synchronous pulley 502 to rotate, the synchronous pulley 502 drives the two synchronous pulleys 504 to rotate synchronously through the synchronous belt 503. The two synchronous pulleys 504 drive the two threaded rods 505 to rotate synchronously in the same direction. The two threaded rods 505 drive the slide 6 to move vertically in a straight line along the axis of the threaded rods 505 through the threaded transmission.

[0040] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 6 and Figure 7 The clamping assembly includes a servo motor 1501 fixedly connected to the clamping housing 14, a bevel gear 1502 fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 1501 via a shaft, a bevel gear 1503 meshing with one side of the bevel gear 1502, and several bevel gears 1504 meshing with one side of the bevel gear 1502. The bevel gear 1503 is fixedly connected to the turntable 16. The servo motor 1501 is used to drive the bevel gear 1502 to rotate.

[0041] It should be noted that servo motor 51501 is connected to the outside of clamping housing 14, and its output end extends through the housing of clamping housing 14 into the interior of clamping housing 14. It is connected to bevel gear 11502 via a shaft. Bevel gear 11502 is the driving pinion, bevel gear 21503 is the large gear, bevel gear 21503 is coaxially fixedly connected to turntable 16, and bevel gear 21503 is located above turntable 16. Bevel gear 31504 is an auxiliary pinion, and there are two bevel gears 31504. The dimensions of bevel gear 1502 and bevel gear 31504 are the same. Bevel gear 1502 and two bevel gears 31504 are arranged in a circular array on the same side of bevel gear 21503. When servo motor 51501 drives bevel gear 1502 to rotate, bevel gear 1502 drives bevel gear 21503 to rotate. Bevel gear 21503 simultaneously drives several bevel gears 31504 to rotate synchronously. Bevel gears 31504 are used to maintain the rotational smoothness of bevel gear 21503 and share the transmission load.

[0042] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 7The turntable 16 has a vortex groove 1601 and the clamping block 17 has a protrusion 1701. The vortex groove 1601 and the protrusion 1701 are slidably connected.

[0043] It should be noted that the vortex groove 1601 is formed on the lower surface of the turntable 16. The vortex groove 1601 starts from the center of the turntable 16 and extends outward along a spiral trajectory to the edge of the turntable 16. The bottom of the clamping block 17 extends downward to form a protrusion 1701. The shape of the protrusion 1701 matches the cross-sectional shape of the vortex groove 1601. The protrusion 1701 is embedded in the vortex groove 1601 and can slide freely along the trajectory of the vortex groove 1601. There are three clamping blocks 17, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the turntable 16. When the turntable 16 rotates around its axis in the forward or reverse direction, the vortex groove 1601 rotates synchronously with the turntable 16. The vortex groove 1601 pushes the protrusion 1701 through its spiral trajectory, so that the clamping blocks 17 move synchronously outward or inward along the radial direction of the turntable 16, thereby realizing the synchronous loosening or clamping action of multiple clamping blocks 17 on the annular bracket 18.

[0044] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 9 A shape memory alloy locking ring 23 is fixedly connected inside the tool holder 20. A sealing sleeve 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool holder 20. A vacuum pump 24 is fixedly connected to the annular bracket 18. An air extraction pipe 26 is fixedly connected between the vacuum pump 24 and the sealing sleeve 25.

[0045] It should be noted that the shape memory alloy locking ring 23 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the tool holder mounting hole of the tool holder 20. The shape memory alloy locking ring 23 is made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy. At room temperature, the inner diameter of the shape memory alloy locking ring 23 is larger than the outer diameter of the tool holder of the tool 22, which facilitates the free insertion or removal of the tool holder of the tool 22. When it is necessary to lock and fix the tool 22, the controller applies a rated current to the shape memory alloy locking ring 23. After being heated, the shape memory alloy locking ring 23 undergoes a martensitic phase transformation, and its inner diameter shrinks and tightens. The tool holder of the tool 22 is tightened. When the tool 22 needs to be released, the power is stopped. After the shape memory alloy locking ring 23 cools down, its inner diameter returns to its initial state. The sealing sleeve 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool holder 20. The vacuum pump 24 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the annular bracket 18. One end of the air extraction pipe 26 is fixedly connected to the air intake of the vacuum pump 24. The other end of the air extraction pipe 26 passes through the sealing sleeve 25 and is connected to the inside of the tool holder 20. It is used to remove the air between the tool holder and the tool holder 20 after the tool 22 is inserted.

[0046] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 8 and Figure 9 Several nozzles 28 are fixedly connected to the top of the knife position seat 20. An air compressor 27 is fixedly connected to the annular bracket 18. An air supply pipe 29 is fixedly connected between the air compressor 27 and the nozzles 28.

[0047] It should be noted that nozzle 28 is installed on the top end face of tool holder 20. The spray port of nozzle 28 faces the tool holder mounting hole of tool holder 20, and the spray direction of nozzle 28 forms an acute angle with the insertion direction of tool holder. The exhaust port of air compressor 27 is connected to the air inlet of air supply pipe 29. Air supply pipe 29 is an annular pipe arranged along the circumference of annular bracket 18. Multiple independently controlled miniature solenoid valves are integrated on air supply pipe 29, the same number as those on tool holder 20. Each miniature solenoid valve corresponds to one tool holder 20. The outlet of each miniature solenoid valve is connected to nozzle 28 on the corresponding tool holder 20 through a branch hose. When a tool changing operation is performed, the controller opens the miniature solenoid valve of the corresponding tool holder 20 before the tool 22 is removed. The high-pressure gas generated by air compressor 27 is delivered to nozzle 28 through air supply pipe 29. Nozzle 28 sprays high-pressure airflow to briefly sweep the surface of tool holder.

[0048] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 8 and Figure 9 Several nozzles 31 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular bracket 18. An air compressor 30 is fixedly connected to the annular bracket 18. An air delivery pipe 32 is fixedly connected between the air compressor 30 and the nozzles 31.

[0049] It should be noted that nozzle 2 31 is connected to the lower surface of the annular support 18. Several nozzles 2 31 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular support 18. The central axis of each nozzle 2 31 forms a certain angle with the radial direction of the annular support 18. At the same time, the central axis of each nozzle 2 31 is inclined downward, forming an angle of 30 degrees to 60 degrees with the vertical direction, so that the airflow ejected from all nozzles 2 31 converges to form a downward conical air curtain. The exhaust port of the air compressor 2 30 is connected to the inlet end of the air supply pipe 2 32. The air supply pipe 2 32 is an annular pipe connected inside the annular support 18. The air supply pipe 2 32 has the same number of air outlets as nozzles 2 31. Each air outlet is fixedly connected to the corresponding nozzle 2 31 through a branch pipe. When the spindle unit performs cutting, the air compressor 2 30 continuously outputs high-pressure gas. The high-pressure gas is ejected from the nozzles 2 31 through the air supply pipe 2 32, forming a conical air curtain to block the chips from flying into the inner area of ​​the annular support 18.

[0050] Referring to Appendix 10 of the instruction manual, a slide groove 1801 is provided on the annular bracket 18. A counterweight assembly is installed in the slide groove 1801. The output end of the counterweight assembly is connected to two counterweight blocks 34. The counterweight assembly is used to drive the counterweight blocks 34 to move along the slide groove 1801.

[0051] It should be noted that the slide groove 1801 is formed on the annular body of the annular bracket 18. Each tool holder 20 is integrated with a gravity sensor. The gravity sensor detects the gravity value of the corresponding tool holder 20 and the installed tool 22 in real time, and transmits the detection signal to the external controller through the electrical interface. The controller integrates a center of gravity calculation module. The module calculates the real-time overall center of gravity position of the annular bracket 18 based on the installation angle position of each tool holder 20 and the corresponding real-time gravity value. Two counterweights 34 are set on the counterweight assembly. The counterweights 34 are made of high-density metal material. The counterweight assembly receives the command from the controller and drives the two counterweights 34 to move along the slide groove 1801, so that the overall center of gravity of the annular bracket 18 is adjusted to the geometric center position of the annular bracket 18.

[0052] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 10 The counterweight assembly includes a spur gear 3301 fixedly connected in the slide groove 1801, a spur gear 3302 meshing with one side of the spur gear 3301, a slide plate 3303 slidably connected to the ring bracket 18, and a servo motor 3304 fixedly connected to the slide plate 3303. The output end of the servo motor 3304 is fixedly connected to the spur gear 3302, the spur gear 3302 is rotatably connected to the slide plate 3303, the counterweight block 34 is fixedly connected to the slide plate 3303, and the servo motor 3304 is used to drive the spur gear 3302 to rotate.

[0053] It should be noted that spur gear 3301 is connected to the inner wall of slide groove 1801, slide plate 3303 is slidably connected to annular bracket 18, servo motor 3304 is fixed to the upper surface of slide plate 3303, the output end of servo motor 3304 extends downward through slide plate 3303 and is fixedly connected to the shaft of spur gear 3302. Spur gear 3302 is a circular spur gear and is rotatably connected to the lower surface of slide plate 3303 through bearings. Spur gear 3302 meshes with spur gear 3301. Counterweight 34 is fixed to slide plate 3303. When servo motor 3304 drives spur gear 3302 to rotate, spur gear 3302 rolls along the fixed spur gear 3301. Spur gear 3302 drives slide plate 3303, servo motor 3304 and counterweight 34 fixed thereon to move together along slide groove 1801.

[0054] Working principle: Before processing begins, the external controller determines the working mode based on the preset processing task. If it is a "multi-tool precision machining mode" that requires frequent tool changes (such as drilling small holes or tapping), the controller starts the clamping assembly. That is, the servo motor 1501 drives the bevel gear 1502 to rotate. The bevel gear 1502 drives the bevel gear 2 1503 and the bevel gear 3 1504 to rotate synchronously and smoothly. The bevel gear 2 1503 drives the turntable 16 to rotate. The vortex groove 1601 on the lower surface of the turntable 16 drives the three clamping blocks 17 to move radially inward through the protrusion 1701, thereby gripping the conical docking ring at the top of the ring bracket 18. At the same time, the electrical interface is connected, so that the ring bracket 18 moves together with the slide 2 6, realizing the carrying of the ring bracket 18. If it is a "single-tool machining mode with high spindle rotation" (such as long-term roughing), the controller instructs the clamping assembly to drive the clamping block 17 to move radially outward, release the ring bracket 18, and place it at the temporary storage table 35 on the operating table 1, so that the spindle unit completely gets rid of the ring bracket 18 and its attached tool changing unit and other additional mass, ensuring the lightweight and stability of the spindle when rotating at high speed. When in multi-tool precision machining mode and tool 22 needs to be replaced, the tool return action is performed first. The controller queries the position and angle of the original tool seat 20 corresponding to the old tool 22 on the ring bracket 18 according to the code of the old tool 22 held by the quick connector 12 on the current spindle unit. It drives the micro motor 19 of the tool seat 20 on the ring bracket 18 to rotate, causing the tool seat 20 to flip to the tool change angle. At the same time, the tilt sensor 21 provides real-time angle feedback to ensure accurate positioning. Subsequently, the servo motor 3 8 of the spindle unit drives the rotating frame 9 to rotate horizontally, and the servo motor 4 10 drives the electric push rod 2 11 to swing vertically, so that the axis of the quick connector 12 is collinear with the tool 22 shank in the original tool holder 20. The electric push rod 2 11 extends to insert the old tool 22 into the original tool holder 20. The shape memory alloy locking ring 23 is energized and heated to shrink and tighten the tool shank. The vacuum pump 24 removes air through the air extraction pipe 26 and the sealing sleeve 25 to assist in fixing. Then the quick connector 12 releases the old tool 22, and the electric push rod 2 11 retracts, completing the tool return. After the tool return is completed, the new tool is retrieved. The controller queries the position and angle of the new tool holder 20 on the ring bracket 18 according to the code of the target new tool 22. The above movement and alignment process is repeated so that the quick connector 12 is aligned with the new tool holder 20. Then the electric push rod 21 extends, the quick connector 12 clamps the tool holder of the new tool 22, the memory alloy locking ring 23 is de-energized and cooled to restore its inner diameter, the vacuum pump 24 stops pumping air and depressurizes, and the electric push rod 21 retracts to pull the new tool 22 out of the tool holder 20, completing the tool change. As the old tool 22 is removed and replaced with a new tool 22 of different weight, the overall center of gravity of the ring support 18 will shift. At this time, the gravity sensor integrated in each tool holder 20 will detect the gravity value of its respective tool holder 20 and the tool 22 installed in real time, and transmit the signal to the controller through the electrical interface. The center of gravity calculation module inside the controller calculates the deviation between the current center of gravity position of the ring support 18 and the geometric center based on the circumferential distribution angle of each tool holder 20 and the real-time gravity value. Then, the counterweight assembly is driven. The servo motor 6 3304 drives the spur gear 2 3302 to roll along the spur gear 1 3301 in the slide groove 1801, so that the slide plate 3303 and the two counterweight blocks 34 fixed on the slide plate 3303 move along the slide groove 1801 to the designated position, thereby adjusting the overall center of gravity of the ring support 18 back to the geometric center and ensuring the dynamic balance of the ring support 18 when rotating with the turntable 16. Next, the servo motor 301 of the horizontal drive assembly drives the synchronous pulley 302 to rotate, which in turn drives the two synchronous pulleys 304 and the two threaded rods 305 to rotate synchronously via the synchronous belt 303, thus driving the slide 4 to move horizontally along the operating table 1. At the same time, the servo motor 501 of the vertical drive assembly drives the synchronous pulley 502 to rotate, which in turn drives the two synchronous pulleys 504 and the two threaded rods 505 to rotate synchronously via the synchronous belt 503, thus driving the slide 6 to move vertically along the slide 4, thereby moving the spindle unit to achieve multi-point machining of the workpiece. Throughout the machining process, air compressor 20 continuously generates high-pressure gas, which is ejected from nozzle 21 at the bottom of the annular support 18 through air delivery pipe 22, forming a downward-sloping conical air curtain to prevent cutting chips from flying into the inner area of ​​the annular support 18. Before each tool change, air compressor 127 generates high-pressure gas, which is ejected from nozzle 28 at the top of the corresponding tool holder 20 through air delivery pipe 29 to briefly blow clean the surface of the tool holder, removing chips and coolant to ensure tool changing accuracy.

[0055] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool, characterized in that: The system includes an operating table (1), a support frame (2) fixedly connected to the operating table (1), a temporary storage platform (35) installed on the operating table (1), a horizontal drive assembly installed on the support frame (2), a slide carriage (4) connected to the output end of the horizontal drive assembly, the output end of the horizontal drive assembly being used to drive the slide carriage (4) to move in a preset direction, a vertical drive assembly installed on the slide carriage (4), a slide carriage (6) connected to the output end of the vertical drive assembly, the vertical drive assembly being used to drive the slide carriage (6) to move in a preset direction, and an electric pusher fixedly connected to the slide carriage (6). The output end of the electric push rod (7) is equipped with a spindle unit. The bottom of the slide (6) is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (13). The mounting bracket (13) is fixedly connected to the clamping shell (14). The clamping shell (14) is equipped with a clamping assembly. The output end of the clamping assembly is connected to the turntable (16). The clamping assembly is used to drive the turntable (16) to rotate. Several clamping blocks (17) are slidably connected on the turntable (16). A ring bracket (18) is installed between the several clamping blocks (17). Several tool changing units are installed on the ring bracket (18). The spindle unit includes a servo motor three (8) fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod one (7), a rotating frame (9) fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor three (8), a servo motor four (10) fixedly connected to the rotating frame (9), an electric push rod two (11) fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor four (10), and a quick connector (12) fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod two (11). The servo motor three (8) is used to drive the rotating frame (9) to rotate, the servo motor four (10) is used to drive the electric push rod two (11) to rotate, and the electric push rod two (11) is used to drive the quick connector (12) to move in a preset direction. The tool changing unit includes a micro motor (19) fixedly connected to a ring bracket (18), a tool holder (20) fixedly connected to the output end of the micro motor (19), an angle sensor (21) fixedly connected to the tool holder (20) via a shaft, and a tool (22) installed in the tool holder (20). The micro motor (19) is used to drive the tool holder (20) to rotate, and the angle sensor (21) is used to detect the rotation angle of the tool holder (20) in real time.

2. The high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse drive assembly includes a servo motor (301) fixedly connected to the support frame (2), a synchronous pulley (302) fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (301) via a shaft, a synchronous belt (303) sleeved on the outside of the synchronous pulley (302), two synchronous pulleys (304) respectively sleeved on both ends of the synchronous belt (303), and two threaded rods (305) respectively fixedly connected to the two synchronous pulleys (304). The two threaded rods (305) are rotatably connected to the operating table (1), and the two threaded rods (305) are threadedly connected to the carriage (4). The servo motor (301) is used to drive the synchronous pulley (302) to rotate.

3. The high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical drive assembly includes a servo motor 2 (501) fixedly connected to the slide 1 (4), a synchronous pulley 3 (502) fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 2 (501) via a shaft, a synchronous belt 2 (503) sleeved on the outside of the synchronous pulley 3 (502), two synchronous pulleys 4 (504) respectively sleeved on both ends of the synchronous belt 2 (503), and two threaded rods 2 (505) respectively fixedly connected to the two synchronous pulleys 4 (504). Both threaded rods 2 (505) are rotatably connected to the slide 1 (4), and both threaded rods 2 (505) are threadedly connected to the slide 2 (6). The servo motor 2 (501) is used to drive the synchronous pulley 3 (502) to rotate.

4. The high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a servo motor five (1501) fixedly connected to the clamping housing (14), a bevel gear one (1502) fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor five (1501) via a shaft, a bevel gear two (1503) meshing with one side of the bevel gear one (1502), and several bevel gear three (1504) meshing with one side of the bevel gear one (1502). The bevel gear two (1503) is fixedly connected to the turntable (16), and the servo motor five (1501) is used to drive the bevel gear one (1502) to rotate.

5. A high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable (16) has a vortex groove (1601) and the clamping block (17) has a protrusion (1701). The vortex groove (1601) and the protrusion (1701) are slidably connected.

6. A high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shape memory alloy locking ring (23) is fixedly connected inside the tool holder (20), a sealing sleeve (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool holder (20), a vacuum pump (24) is fixedly connected to the ring bracket (18), and an air extraction pipe (26) is fixedly connected between the vacuum pump (24) and the sealing sleeve (25).

7. A high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several nozzles (28) are fixedly connected to the top of the knife position seat (20), an air compressor (27) is fixedly connected to the ring bracket (18), and an air supply pipe (29) is fixedly connected between the air compressor (27) and the nozzles (28).

8. A high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several nozzles (31) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the ring bracket (18), and an air compressor (30) is fixedly connected to the ring bracket (18). An air delivery pipe (32) is fixedly connected between the air compressor (30) and the nozzles (31).

9. A high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide groove (1801) is provided on the ring bracket (18). A counterweight assembly is installed in the slide groove (1801). The output end of the counterweight assembly is connected to two counterweight blocks (34). The counterweight assembly is used to drive the counterweight blocks (34) to move along the slide groove (1801).

10. A high-speed drilling and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The counterweight assembly includes a spur gear 1 (3301) fixedly connected in the slide groove (1801), a spur gear 2 (3302) meshing with one side of the spur gear 1 (3301), a slide plate (3303) slidably connected on the ring bracket (18), and a servo motor 6 (3304) fixedly connected on the slide plate (3303). The output end of the servo motor 6 (3304) is fixedly connected to the spur gear 2 (3302), the spur gear 2 (3302) and the slide plate (3303) are rotatably connected, the counterweight block (34) and the slide plate (3303) are fixedly connected, and the servo motor 6 (3304) is used to drive the spur gear 2 (3302) to rotate.

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