An anti-collision tool for processing a volute

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of anti-collision tool for volute processing, belong to tooling technical field, including base, first fixed seat and second fixed seat are fixedly arranged on the base, the second fixed seat is located at the left side of first fixed seat, the front side of first fixed seat is provided with first positioning mechanism, second positioning mechanism is provided on the second fixed seat, the right side of first fixed seat is provided with third positioning mechanism, the first positioning mechanism is used to realize the positioning of volute circumferential and front-back direction, second positioning mechanism and third positioning mechanism are used to realize the positioning of volute left and right direction, fourth positioning mechanism is also provided on the second fixed seat;Fourth positioning mechanism includes connecting seat and crank arm, the connecting seat is fixedly arranged at the top of second fixed seat, the gravity center of crank arm is adjusted by counterweight in the application, after loosening crank arm, it can be automatically turned over, avoid the collision of machining center during working.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an anti-collision fixture for machining volutes, belonging to the field of tooling technology. Background Technology

[0002] Turbocharging is a technology that uses the exhaust gases produced by an internal combustion engine to drive an air compressor. It is commonly used in automobile engines, where turbochargers increase the horsepower output of the engine. The design of the turbocharger's turbine housing is crucial. It houses the turbine and withstands the impact of airflow, ensuring proper airflow and distribution to improve the efficiency of the turbine housing. This means that while the overall shape of the turbine housing remains largely unchanged, there is room for continuous optimization. During manufacturing, the turbine housing requires specialized fixtures to hold it in place for easier machining.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN117001382B discloses a positioning device for machining turbine housing flanges, including a base with a support fixedly mounted on it. The support has a first positioning mechanism, a second positioning mechanism, and two third positioning mechanisms. The first positioning mechanism is located on the front of the support, the second positioning mechanism is located on the top of the support, and the two third positioning mechanisms are distributed on either side of the second positioning mechanism. The second positioning mechanism includes a hinged seat, which is detachably and fixedly connected to the support. A rotating seat is mounted on the hinged seat, and the rotating seat is rotatably connected to the hinged seat via a hinge shaft. This invention achieves G-point positioning and overall fixation of the turbine housing, and the rotation of the rotating seat prevents obstruction during flange end machining, enabling single-clamping of the turbine housing flange end, reducing costs, and improving machining efficiency and accuracy. However, in the prior art, workers may forget to rotate the rotating seat after long periods of work due to fatigue, leading to machine collisions during machining center operation.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a collision-proof fixture for machining volutes, which can automatically rotate the rotating base to avoid collisions during machining center operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an anti-collision fixture for volute machining that enables automatic rotation of the rotating seat and avoids machine collisions during machining center operation.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is as follows: an anti-collision tooling for volute machining, including a base, on which a first fixed seat and a second fixed seat are fixedly disposed, the second fixed seat being located to the left of the first fixed seat, a first positioning mechanism being disposed on the front side of the first fixed seat, a second positioning mechanism being disposed on the second fixed seat, and a third positioning mechanism being disposed on the right side of the first fixed seat. The first positioning mechanism is used to realize the circumferential and front-back positioning of the volute, the second positioning mechanism and the third positioning mechanism are used to realize the left-right positioning of the volute, and a fourth positioning mechanism is also disposed on the second fixed seat; The fourth positioning mechanism includes a connecting seat and a crank arm. The connecting seat is fixedly mounted on the top of the second fixed seat. One end of the crank arm is rotatably connected to the connecting seat via a pin. The pin is parallel to the front-back direction and a counterweight is fixedly mounted on the pin. The other end of the crank arm is slidably connected to a positioning pin. The positioning pin is locked to the crank arm by a locking screw. The fourth positioning mechanism also includes a limiting screw and a limiting post, which are used to limit the angle of rotation of the crank arm in two directions, respectively. The limiting screw is threaded to the top of the second fixed seat, the limiting screw is located on the right side of the pin, and the limiting post is fixedly mounted on the second fixed seat.

[0007] Preferably, there are two counterweights, which are respectively located at both ends of the pin shaft. There are also two limiting posts, which correspond one-to-one with the two counterweights. The two limiting posts are respectively fixedly located on the front and rear sides of the second fixed seat.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting post is elastic.

[0009] Preferably, the first positioning mechanism includes a positioning core, the center line of which is parallel to the front-back direction. The positioning core is fixedly connected to a first fixed seat. A screw is threadedly fixedly connected to the front side of the positioning core. The screw is parallel to the front-back direction. A pressure plate is sleeved on the screw. An opening is provided on one side of the pressure plate. A first locking nut is threadedly connected to the screw. The first locking nut abuts against the front side of the pressure plate.

[0010] Preferably, the positioning core includes a connecting part and a plug-in part, the plug-in part is disposed on the front side of the connecting part, and the connecting part is fixedly connected to the first fixing seat.

[0011] Preferably, the first positioning mechanism includes a positioning core, the centerline of which is parallel to the front-back direction. The positioning core is fixedly connected to a first fixed seat. The positioning core includes a connecting part and a plug-in part. The plug-in part is located on the front side of the connecting part. The connecting part is fixedly connected to the first fixed seat. The positioning core has a through hole extending from front to back. The inner wall of the through hole has multiple sliding grooves. The multiple sliding grooves are circumferentially distributed with the axis of the through hole as the center. The sliding grooves extend to the outside of the positioning core along the diameter direction of the through hole. The sliding grooves are located at the plug-in part. Each sliding groove has a slidably connected clamping block. A lead screw is coaxially inserted in the through hole. One end of the lead screw is connected to a drive source. A transmission component is provided on the lead screw. The lead screw is connected to each clamping block through the transmission component. Two transmission components are provided, and the two transmission components are symmetrically arranged along the length of the lead screw. The transmission component includes a slider and multiple connecting rods. The slider is threadedly connected to a lead screw. The multiple connecting rods correspond one-to-one with multiple clamping blocks. The connecting rods are arranged at an angle, and the two ends of the connecting rods are respectively hinged to the clamping blocks and the slider. The lead screw is a double-threaded type, and the threads connecting the two sliders to the lead screw have opposite directions.

[0012] Preferably, the base is provided with three buttons, all of which are electrically connected to the drive source.

[0013] Preferably, the second positioning mechanism includes a first push rod, which is parallel to the left and right direction. The first push rod passes through the second fixed seat and is screwed to the second fixed seat. The first push rod is locked to the second fixed seat by a second locking nut. The first push rod includes a first screw part, a first rotating part, and a first tightening part. The first tightening part is located on the side of the first screw part near the first positioning mechanism, and the first rotating part is located on the other side of the first screw part. The first screw part is threadedly connected to the second fixed seat. The first rotating part and the first tightening part are respectively located on both sides of the second fixed seat. The second locking nut is threadedly connected to the first screw part, and the second locking nut abuts against the left side of the second fixed seat.

[0014] Preferably, the third positioning mechanism includes a connecting plate, which is detachably and fixedly connected to the right side of the first fixed seat by a second bolt. A second push rod is provided on the connecting plate, which is parallel to the left and right direction. The second push rod is screwed to the connecting plate, and the second push rod is locked to the connecting plate by a third locking nut. The second push rod includes a second screw part, a second rotating part, and a second tightening part. The second tightening part is located on the side of the second screw part near the second positioning mechanism, and the second rotating part is located on the other side of the second screw part. The second screw part is threadedly connected to the connecting plate. The second rotating part and the second tightening part are located on both sides of the connecting plate, respectively. The third locking nut is threadedly connected to the second screw part, and the third locking nut abuts against the right side of the connecting plate.

[0015] Preferably, the connecting plate is provided with a strip groove, which is parallel to the front-to-back direction and extends to the rear side of the connecting plate, through which the second bolt passes.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides an anti-collision fixture for machining volutes. By using a counterweight to adjust the center of gravity of the crank arm, the crank arm can automatically flip after being released, thus preventing collisions during machining center operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the first state of an embodiment 1 of the anti-collision tooling for volute machining according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Top view; Figure 4 for Figure 1 The left view; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the second state of an embodiment 1 of the anti-collision tooling for volute machining according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the vortex shell structure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth positioning mechanism; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first positioning mechanism in Example 1; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the third positioning mechanism; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second positioning mechanism; Figure 11 This is a perspective view of the first state of an embodiment 2 of the anti-collision tooling for volute machining according to the present invention; Figure 12 for Figure 1 Top view; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first positioning mechanism in Embodiment 2; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning core in Example 2.

[0018] in: Base 1, first fixed seat 2, second fixed seat 3, first positioning mechanism 4, second positioning mechanism 5, third positioning mechanism 6, fourth positioning mechanism 7, volute 8; Positioning core 401, first bolt 402, screw 403, pressure plate 404, opening 405, first locking nut 406, through hole 407, slide groove 408, top clamping block 409, lead screw 410, drive source 411, slider 412, connecting rod 413, button 414; Connecting part 4011, plug-in part 4012; First push rod 501, second locking nut 502; First screw part 5011, first rotating part 5012, first tightening part 5013; Connecting plate 601, second bolt 602, second push rod 603, third locking nut 604, strip groove 605; Second screw part 6011, second rotating part 6012, second tightening part 6013; Connecting seat 701, crank arm 702, pin 703, counterweight 704, positioning pin 705, locking screw 706, limit screw 707, limit post 708; Point G is 801, center hole is 802, and flange end is 803. Detailed Implementation

[0019] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown in Embodiment 1, an anti-collision fixture for machining a volute includes a base 1. A first fixed seat 2 and a second fixed seat 3 are fixedly mounted on the base 1. The second fixed seat 3 is located to the left of the first fixed seat 2. A first positioning mechanism 4 is provided on the front side of the first fixed seat 2. A second positioning mechanism 5 is provided on the second fixed seat 3. A third positioning mechanism 6 is provided on the right side of the first fixed seat 2. The first positioning mechanism 4 is used to achieve circumferential and front-back positioning of the volute 8. The second positioning mechanism 5 and the third positioning mechanism 6 are used to achieve left-right positioning of the volute 8. A fourth positioning mechanism 7 is also provided on the second fixed seat 3. The fourth positioning mechanism 7 is used to achieve positioning of point G 801 on the inner wall of the flange end 803 of the volute 8. The first positioning mechanism 4 includes a positioning core 401, the center line of which is parallel to the front-back direction. The positioning core 401 is detachably fixed to the first fixed seat 2 by a first bolt 402. A screw 403 is threadedly fixed to the front side of the positioning core 401. The screw 403 is parallel to the front-back direction. A pressure plate 404 is sleeved on the screw 403. An opening 405 is provided on one side of the pressure plate 404. A first locking nut 406 is threadedly connected to the screw 403. The first locking nut 406 abuts against the front side of the pressure plate 404. The positioning core 401 includes a connecting part 4011 and a plug-in part 4012. The plug-in part 4012 is disposed on the front side of the connecting part 4011. The connecting part 4011 is fixedly connected to the first fixing seat 2. The second positioning mechanism 5 includes a first push rod 501, which is parallel to the left and right direction. The first push rod 501 passes through the second fixed seat 3 and is screwed to the second fixed seat 3. The first push rod 501 is locked to the second fixed seat 3 by a second locking nut 502. The first push rod 501 includes a first screw part 5011, a first rotating part 5012, and a first tightening part 5013. The first tightening part 5013 is located on the side of the first screw part 5011 near the first positioning mechanism 4, and the first rotating part 5012 is located on the other side of the first screw part 5011. The first screw part 5011 is threadedly connected to the second fixed seat 3. The first rotating part 5012 and the first tightening part 5013 are respectively located on both sides of the second fixed seat 3. The first screw part 5011, the first rotating part 5012, and the first tightening part 5013 are integrally formed. The second locking nut 502 is threadedly connected to the first screw part 5011, and the second locking nut 502 abuts against the left side of the second fixed seat 3. The third positioning mechanism 6 includes a connecting plate 601, which is detachably and fixedly connected to the right side of the first fixed seat 2 by a second bolt 602. There are two second bolts 602, which are distributed front and rear. A second push rod 603 is passed through the connecting plate 601. The second push rod 603 is parallel to the left and right direction and is screwed to the connecting plate 601. The second push rod 603 is locked to the connecting plate 601 by a third locking nut 604. The second push rod 603 includes a second screw part 6011, a second rotating part 6012, and a second tightening part 6013. The second tightening part 6013 is located on the side of the second screw part 6011 near the second positioning mechanism 5, and the second rotating part 6012 is located on the other side of the second screw part 6011. The second screw part 6011 is threadedly connected to the connecting plate 601. The second rotating part 6012 and the second tightening part 6013 are respectively located on both sides of the connecting plate 601. The second screw part 6011, the second rotating part 6012, and the second tightening part 6013 are integrally formed. The third locking nut 604 is threadedly connected to the second screw part 6011, and the third locking nut 604 abuts against the right side of the connecting plate 601. The connecting plate 601 is provided with a strip groove 605, which is parallel to the front-back direction and extends to the rear side of the connecting plate 601. The second bolt 602 passes through the strip groove 605. After loosening the second bolt 602, the connecting plate 601 can be moved back and forth on the first fixed seat 2, thereby adjusting the position of the second push rod 603. After the movement is completed, tighten the second bolt 602. The fourth positioning mechanism 7 includes a connecting seat 701 and a crank arm 702. The connecting seat 701 is fixedly mounted on the top of the second fixed seat 3. One end of the crank arm 702 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat 701 via a pin 703. The pin 703 is parallel to the front-back direction. A counterweight 704 is fixedly mounted on the pin 703. There are two counterweights 704, which are respectively mounted at both ends of the pin 703. The other end of the crank arm 702 is slidably connected to a positioning pin 705. The positioning pin 705 is locked to the crank arm 702 by a locking screw 706. The fourth positioning mechanism 7 also includes a limiting screw 707 and a limiting post 708. The limiting screw 707 and the limiting post 708 are used to limit the rotation angle of the crank arm 702 in two directions, respectively. The limiting screw 707 is threaded to the top of the second fixed seat 3. The limiting screw 707 is located on the right side of the pin 703. The depth of the limiting screw 707 screwed into the second fixed seat 3 can be adjusted by rotating the limiting screw 707. There are two limiting posts 708. The two limiting posts 708 correspond one-to-one with the two counterweights 704. The limiting posts 708 are elastic. The two limiting posts 708 are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the second fixed seat 3, respectively. This tooling has two states; First state; crank arm 702 is released, at this time, positioning pin 705 is located to the left of pin 703; In the second state, push the crank arm 702 to rotate the crank arm 702 around the pin 703 and position the positioning pin 705 on the right side of the pin 703; Before use, the device is in its first state. During use, the pressure plate 404 is first removed from the screw 403. The opening 405 on the pressure plate 404 facilitates separation from the screw 403. Next, the center hole 802 of the volute housing 8 is fitted onto the front end of the screw 403. During fitting, as the volute housing 8 moves, the first positioning nut passes through the center hole 802 of the volute housing 8, and the insertion part 4012 of the positioning core 401 is inserted into the center hole 802 of the volute housing 8. The rear side of the volute housing 8 is then in contact with the front side of the connecting part 4011. In fact, the insertion part 4012 of the positioning core 401 is a cylindrical part that matches the center hole 802. By engaging the insertion part 4012 with the center hole 802, the volute 8 can be offset along the diameter of the center hole 802. Then, the pressure plate 404 is fitted onto the screw 403. At this time, the first locking nut 406, the pressure plate 404, and the volute 8 are arranged from front to back. Finally, the first locking nut 406 is rotated so that the first locking nut 406 drives the pressure plate 404 to fit against the front end of the volute 8. By controlling the tightening force of the first locking nut 406, the volute 8 can be manually pushed to rotate around the insertion part 4012, but cannot rotate around the insertion part 4012 by its own gravity. In this way, the volute 8 is positioned in the front-back direction. Next, push the crank arm 702 to rotate around the pin 703 and position the positioning pin 705 on the right side of the pin 703 until the bottom of the crank arm 702 abuts against the top of the limit screw 707. Then rotate the volute housing 8 so that the volute housing 8 can rotate around the insertion part 4012 until point G 801 on the inner side wall of the flange end 803 of the volute housing 8 abuts against the limit screw 707. At this time, the flange end 803 of the volute housing 8 is located between the first push rod 501 and the second push rod 603. Next, rotate the first push rod 501 so that the right end of the first push rod 501 abuts against the left side of the flange end 803 of the volute 8, and then release the crank arm 702. At this time, because the counterweight 704 is provided on the pin 703, the center of gravity of the crank arm 702 is located on the left side of the pin 703. In this way, the counterweight 704 drives the pin 703 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby realizing the reset of the crank arm 702, so that the positioning pin 705 is located on the right side of the pin 703. When the crank arm 702 is reset, the counterweight 704 abuts against the limiting post 708. Because the limiting post 708 is elastic, it can achieve buffering. In this way, the crank arm 702 is automatically flipped to avoid collision during the operation of the machining center. Here, the angle of the crank arm 702 is positioned when it rotates by the bottom of the crank arm 702 abutting against the top of the limit screw 707. The angle of the crank arm 702 when it rotates in the opposite direction is positioned by the limit post 708 abutting against the counterweight 704. When it is necessary to adjust the angle of the crank arm 702 in the second state, the limit screw 707 is rotated to adjust the height of the limit screw 707, thereby controlling the angle of the crank arm 702. It is also ensured that point G 801 on the inner side wall of the flange end 803 of the volute 8 abuts against the limit screw 707. Then, rotate the second push rod 603 so that the left end of the second push rod 603 abuts against the right side of the flange end 803 of the volute 8, thereby achieving the positioning of the volute 8 in the left and right directions. Finally, in order to further improve the positioning stability of the volute housing 8, the first locking nut 406 can be rotated to increase the pressure between the pressure plate 404 and the volute housing 8, so that the volute housing 8 cannot rotate around the insertion part 4012. It should be noted that a contact-type wireless signaling device can be installed on the counterweight 704. When the counterweight 704 abuts against the limit post 708, the contact-type wireless signaling device receives the signal and transmits it to the CNC machining center to remind the CNC machining center to prepare to start work. like Figures 11 to 14 As shown in Example 2, an anti-collision tooling for volute machining is provided. The only difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is the first positioning mechanism 4. The first positioning mechanism 4 includes a positioning core 401, the centerline of which is parallel to the front-to-back direction. The positioning core 401 is detachably fixed to the first fixed base 2 by a first bolt 402. The positioning core 401 includes a connecting part 4011 and a plug-in part 4012. The plug-in part 4012 is disposed on the front side of the connecting part 4011. The connecting part 4011 is fixedly connected to the first fixed base 2. The positioning core 401 has a through hole 407 extending through the front and back. The inner wall of the through hole 407 has a plurality of sliding grooves 408, which are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the through hole 407. The hole 407 extends in the diameter direction to the outside of the positioning core 401. The slide groove 408 is located at the insertion part 4012. There are three slide grooves 408. Each slide groove 408 is slidably connected to a clamping block 409. A lead screw 410 is coaxially inserted in the through hole 407. One end of the lead screw 410 is connected to a drive source 411. Here, the drive source 411 can be a motor. A transmission component is provided on the lead screw 410. The lead screw 410 is connected to each clamping block 409 through the transmission component. The motor drives the lead screw 410 to rotate. The rotation of the lead screw 410 drives the clamping block 409 to move towards or away from the axis of the through hole 407 through the transmission component. Two transmission components are provided, and the two transmission components are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the lead screw 410. The transmission component includes a slider 412 and multiple connecting rods 413. The slider 412 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 410. The multiple connecting rods 413 correspond one-to-one with multiple clamping blocks 409. The connecting rods 413 are arranged at an angle, and the two ends of the connecting rods 413 are respectively hinged to the clamping block 409 and the slider 412. The lead screw 410 is a double-threaded type, and the threads connecting the two sliders 412 to the lead screw 410 have opposite directions of rotation. The base 1 is provided with three buttons 414, all of which are electrically connected to the drive source 411. During use, the center hole 802 of the volute 8 is fitted onto the positioning core 401, and the insertion part 4012 of the positioning core 401 is inserted into the center hole 802 of the volute 8. The rear side of the volute 8 is in contact with the front side of the connecting part 4011, thus achieving the positioning of the volute 8 in the front-back direction. In fact, the insertion part 4012 of the positioning core 401 is a cylinder that matches the center hole 802. Through the cooperation between the insertion part 4012 and the center hole 802, the volute 8 can be offset along the diameter direction of the center hole 802. Then, the motor drives the lead screw 410 to rotate, causing the two sliders 412 to move closer to each other on the lead screw 410. The movement of the sliders 412 drives the clamping block 409 away from the through hole 4 via the connecting rod 413. The 409 moves along the axis 07, causing the clamping block 409 to press against the inner wall of the center hole 802 of the volute 8. Calculations show that the volute 8 can be manually pushed to rotate around the insertion part 4012, but cannot rotate around the insertion part 4012 by its own gravity. At this point, the clamping block 409 achieves initial locking of the volute 8. After the first push rod 501 and the second push rod 603 achieve left-right positioning of the volute 8, the motor drives the lead screw 410 to rotate again, causing the clamping block 409 to continue moving away from the axis of the through hole 407. This increases the pressure on the inner wall of the center hole 802 of the volute 8, preventing the volute 8 from rotating around the insertion part 4012. At this point, the clamping block 409 achieves final locking of the volute 8. After the volute housing 8 is processed, the motor controls the lead screw 410 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby causing the clamping block 409 to move in the opposite direction and separate from the inner wall of the center hole 802 of the volute housing 8. At this time, the clamping block 409 is separated from the volute housing 8, so that the volute housing 8 can be removed from the positioning core 401. Here, the three buttons 414 are all used to control the motor, and correspond to the three actions of the clamping block 409 initially locking the volute 8, the clamping block 409 finally locking the volute 8, and the clamping block 409 separating from the volute 8, respectively. In summary, by using the counterweight 704 to adjust the center of gravity of the crank arm 702, it can automatically flip after the crank arm 702 is released, thus avoiding machine collisions during machining center operation.

[0020] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collision-resistant fixture for machining a volute shell, comprising a base (1), wherein a first fixed seat (2) and a second fixed seat (3) are fixedly disposed on the base (1), the second fixed seat (3) is located to the left of the first fixed seat (2), a first positioning mechanism (4) is disposed on the front side of the first fixed seat (2), a second positioning mechanism (5) is disposed on the second fixed seat (3), and a third positioning mechanism (6) is disposed on the right side of the first fixed seat (2), wherein the first positioning mechanism (4) is used to realize the circumferential and front-back positioning of the volute shell (8), and the second positioning mechanism (5) and the third positioning mechanism (6) are used to realize the left-right positioning of the volute shell (8), characterized in that: The second fixed base (3) is also provided with a fourth positioning mechanism (7); The fourth positioning mechanism (7) includes a connecting seat (701) and a crank arm (702). The connecting seat (701) is fixedly mounted on the top of the second fixed seat (3). One end of the crank arm (702) is rotatably connected to the connecting seat (701) via a pin (703). The pin (703) is parallel to the front-back direction. A counterweight (704) is fixedly mounted on the pin (703). The other end of the crank arm (702) is slidably connected to a positioning pin (705). The positioning pin (705) is locked to the crank arm (702) via a locking screw (706). The fourth positioning mechanism (7) further includes a limiting screw (707) and a limiting post (708), which are used to limit the angle of rotation of the crank arm (702) in two directions, respectively. The limiting screw (707) is threaded to the top of the second fixing seat (3), the limiting screw (707) is located on the right side of the pin (703), and the limiting post (708) is fixedly mounted on the second fixing seat (3).

2. The anti-collision fixture for machining a volute shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two counterweights (704), which are respectively located at both ends of the pin (703). There are two limiting posts (708), which correspond one-to-one with the two counterweights (704). The two limiting posts (708) are respectively fixed on the front and rear sides of the second fixed seat (3).

3. The anti-collision fixture for machining a volute shell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting post (708) is elastic.

4. The anti-collision fixture for machining a volute shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first positioning mechanism (4) includes a positioning core (401), the center line of which is parallel to the front-back direction. The positioning core (401) is fixedly connected to the first fixed seat (2). A screw (403) is threadedly fixedly connected to the front side of the positioning core (401). The screw (403) is parallel to the front-back direction. A pressure plate (404) is sleeved on the screw (403). An opening (405) is provided on one side of the pressure plate (404). A first locking nut (406) is threadedly connected to the screw (403). The first locking nut (406) abuts against the front side of the pressure plate (404).

5. The anti-collision fixture for machining a volute shell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning core (401) includes a connecting part (4011) and a plug-in part (4012). The plug-in part (4012) is disposed on the front side of the connecting part (4011), and the connecting part (4011) is fixedly connected to the first fixing seat (2).

6. The anti-collision fixture for machining a volute shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first positioning mechanism (4) includes a positioning core (401), the center line of which is parallel to the front-back direction. The positioning core (401) is fixedly connected to the first fixed seat (2). The positioning core (401) includes a connecting part (4011) and a plug-in part (4012). The plug-in part (4012) is located on the front side of the connecting part (4011). The connecting part (4011) is fixedly connected to the first fixed seat (2). The positioning core (401) is provided with a through hole (407) that extends through the front and back. The inner wall of the through hole (407) is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves (408). Multiple sliding grooves (408) are circumferentially distributed around the axis of the through hole (407). The sliding grooves (408) extend along the diameter of the through hole (407) to the outside of the positioning core (401). The sliding grooves (408) are located at the insertion part (4012). Each sliding groove (408) is slidably connected with a clamping block (409). A lead screw (410) is coaxially inserted in the through hole (407). One end of the lead screw (410) is connected to a drive source (411). A transmission component is provided on the lead screw (410). The lead screw (410) is connected to each clamping block (409) through the transmission component. There are two transmission components, which are symmetrically arranged along the length of the lead screw (410); The transmission component includes a slider (412) and multiple connecting rods (413). The slider (412) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (410). The multiple connecting rods (413) correspond one-to-one with multiple clamping blocks (409). The connecting rods (413) are arranged at an angle. The two ends of the connecting rods (413) are respectively hinged to the clamping blocks (409) and the slider (412). The lead screw (410) is a double-threaded type, and the threads connecting the two sliders (412) to the lead screw (410) have opposite directions.

7. The anti-collision fixture for machining a volute shell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with three buttons (414), all of which are electrically connected to the drive source (411).

8. The anti-collision fixture for machining a volute shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second positioning mechanism (5) includes a first push rod (501), which is parallel to the left and right direction. The first push rod (501) passes through the second fixed seat (3). The first push rod (501) is screwed to the second fixed seat (3). The first push rod (501) is locked to the second fixed seat (3) by a second locking nut (502). The first push rod (501) includes a first screw part (5011), a first rotating part (5012) and a first tightening part (5013). The first tightening part (5013) is located on the side of the first screw part (5011) near the first positioning mechanism (4). The first rotating part (5012) is located on the other side of the first screw part (5011). The first screw part (5011) is threadedly connected to the second fixed seat (3). The first rotating part (5012) and the first tightening part (5013) are located on both sides of the second fixed seat (3). The second locking nut (502) is threadedly connected to the first screw part (5011). The second locking nut (502) abuts against the left side of the second fixed seat (3).

9. The anti-collision fixture for machining a volute shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third positioning mechanism (6) includes a connecting plate (601), which is detachably fixed to the right side of the first fixed seat (2) by a second bolt (602). A second push rod (603) is provided on the connecting plate (601). The second push rod (603) is parallel to the left and right direction. The second push rod (603) is screwed to the connecting plate (601). The second push rod (603) is locked to the connecting plate (601) by a third locking nut (604). The second push rod (603) includes a second screw part (6011), a second rotating part (6012), and a second tightening part (6013). The second tightening part (6013) is located on the side of the second screw part (6011) near the second positioning mechanism (5). The second rotating part (6012) is located on the other side of the second screw part (6011). The second screw part (6011) is threadedly connected to the connecting plate (601). The second rotating part (6012) and the second tightening part (6013) are located on both sides of the connecting plate (601). The third locking nut (604) is threadedly connected to the second screw part (6011). The third locking nut (604) abuts against the right side of the connecting plate (601).

10. A collision-resistant fixture for machining a volute shell according to claim 9, characterized in that: The connecting plate (601) is provided with a strip groove (605), which is parallel to the front-back direction and extends to the rear side of the connecting plate (601). The second bolt (602) passes through the strip groove (605).

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