A polishing machine single / double face switching device

Abstract

The application provides a single / double-face switching device of a polishing machine, which comprises a connecting ring, an inner shaft, a waterway joint, a first spring and an upper pressing disc, the inner shaft is installed at the edge of the connecting ring, the upper disc moving shaft is rotatably connected to the inner shaft through a first bearing, the waterway joint is used for supplying grinding liquid, the waterway joint is slidingly fitted at the edge of the connecting ring, the first spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the waterway joint, one end of the first spring is abutted against the step part of the outer surface of the waterway joint, the upper pressing disc is used for pressing the upper surface of a workpiece and driving the upper disc moving shaft to rotate, a connecting piece is installed at the middle part of the upper pressing disc, the top end of the connecting piece is used for closely abutting against the bottom end of the waterway joint, so that the upper pressing disc supplies the workpiece with grinding liquid. The application reduces the internal stress generated in the single-face polishing process, effectively reduces the warping and deformation caused by the asymmetric stress of the workpiece, and also reduces the edge collapse and other adverse phenomena caused by the stress concentration of the edge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polishing machine technology, specifically to a single- or double-sided switching device for polishing machines. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of electro-optical products, many hard and brittle materials that previously required double-sided grinding and polishing can now be processed on only one side. For optical products requiring single-sided grinding and polishing, such as mobile phone cover plates, optical lenses, and touchscreens, only one side needs to achieve high flatness, low roughness, high light transmittance, and high reflectivity, while the other side is used for substrate bonding, adhesive backing, or structural processing, eliminating the need for grinding and polishing. In semiconductor products, the front side is used for circuit fabrication and photolithography, requiring mirror-level precision, while the back side only needs to maintain roughness, conductivity, and heat dissipation performance. Single-sided polishing not only saves material but also allows for better stress control.

[0003] However, double-sided grinding and polishing machines are designed to grind simultaneously from both sides, resulting in symmetrical force and stress balance. If only single-sided grinding is performed, the workpiece will experience asymmetrical force, easily leading to problems such as warping, deformation, edge collapse, and uneven convex or concave centers. These problems are more pronounced the thinner and larger the workpiece. Double-sided machines ensure consistent thickness by removing material from both the upper and lower plates simultaneously, while single-sided grinding relies on fixtures, film application, or back supports for control. This often results in uneven pressure distribution, increased thickness differences within the wafer, and a serious threat to the quality of semiconductor and optical wafers. Furthermore, double-sided grinding is simpler to operate, requiring only direct material placement, while single-sided grinding requires fixture installation and removal, doubling the processing time and halving the production capacity. The pressure, speed, and material removal parameters of double-sided machines are designed for double-sided operation. During single-sided grinding, if the upper plate is lightly pressed or suspended, the workpiece is prone to slippage and unstable rotation, resulting in large fluctuations in material removal and making stable mass production difficult. Single-sided stress also leads to stress concentration at the edges, resulting in edge collapse, larger chamfers, and poorer surface shape, which has a particularly significant impact on optical glass, wafers, and ceramic substrates.

[0004] Therefore, using double-sided grinding and polishing equipment for single-sided grinding and polishing presents challenges such as difficulty in ensuring flatness and parallelism, poor thickness uniformity (TTV), easy scratching and breakage on the back side, complex clamping, low efficiency, unstable removal volume, difficulty in process control, and the tendency to experience problems like edge collapse and uneven chamfering, thus wasting the advantages of double-sided grinding and polishing equipment. How to efficiently and effectively complete single-sided grinding and polishing of products when only double-sided grinding and polishing equipment is available has become a critical issue that suppliers of hard and brittle material processing equipment urgently need to address. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to improve and innovate upon the shortcomings and problems existing in the background technology, and to provide a single-sided / double-sided switching device for a grinding and polishing machine, including a sun gear, an outer ring, a planetary gear, and a grinding and polishing lower plate. A workpiece is placed inside the planetary gear, which is placed on the grinding and polishing lower plate. The two sides of the planetary gear mesh with the sun gear and the outer ring respectively, and the sun gear and the outer ring are driven by different motors, so that the planetary gear both revolves around the sun gear and rotates around its own center. The device also includes: The cylinder is used to drive the fixed column to move up and down; A connecting ring is rotatably connected to the outer surface of a fixed column; The inner shaft is installed at the edge of the connecting ring and corresponds one-to-one with the planetary wheel. The inner shaft is rotatably connected to the upper disk shaft through the first bearing. A water passage connector is used to supply grinding fluid. The water passage connector is slidably fitted at the edge of the connecting ring, and the outer surface of the water passage connector is provided with ribs to restrict its rotation. The first spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the water connector, and one end of the first spring abuts against the stepped portion of the outer surface of the water connector. The upper pressure plate is used to press the upper surface of the workpiece and drive the upper plate shaft to rotate. A connector is installed in the middle of the upper pressure plate. The top of the connector is used to fit tightly with the bottom of the water channel connector so that the upper pressure plate can deliver grinding fluid to the workpiece.

[0006] A further embodiment is that the planetary gears are distributed along the annular array of the sun gears, and the upper disk rotating shafts are distributed along the annular array of the connecting rings.

[0007] A further embodiment is that the sun gear and the outer ring are provided with several pins at equal intervals, and the sun gear and the outer ring are connected to the planetary gear by the pins meshing with the gear teeth.

[0008] A further embodiment is that a spacer is provided between the inner ring of the first bearing and the connecting ring, and the spacer is sleeved on the outer surface of the upper end of the inner shaft. An upper pressure cover is also fixedly connected to the upper rotating shaft, and the upper pressure cover is used to press the upper surface of the outer ring of the first bearing.

[0009] A further option is that the cylinder is a low-friction cylinder.

[0010] A further embodiment includes a water tank containing grinding fluid. The water tank is connected to the inlet of a flow peristaltic pump via a water pipe, and the outlet of the flow peristaltic pump delivers the grinding fluid to the water pipe connector via a drain pipe.

[0011] A further embodiment is that a stirring motor is installed on the water tank, a stirring rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the stirring motor, a stirring impeller is installed in the middle of the stirring rod, and a stirrer is installed at the bottom end of the stirring rod.

[0012] A further option is to install a temperature and level gauge on the water tank.

[0013] A further embodiment is that a number of connecting rods are installed on the upper surface of the upper pressure plate, the connecting rods slide in conjunction with the edge of the upper plate moving shaft, and a second spring is sleeved on the connecting rod; the two ends of the second spring abut against the stepped part of the outer surface of the connecting rod and the inside of the upper plate moving shaft, respectively.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Addressing the problem of existing double-sided grinding and polishing machines performing only single-sided processing, this invention designs and develops a single-polishing-head mechanism. During use, simply placing the product within the planetary wheel and fixing the workpiece with the upper pressure plate completes the clamping process, effectively solving the problem of complex and cumbersome traditional clamping methods. This single-polishing-head mechanism features a unique central water outlet structure, ensuring uniform flow of the polishing fluid, resulting in a more uniform and consistent surface area (TTV) of the product, a more stable processing process, reduced fluctuations, and extended consumable lifespan. Furthermore, with the cooperation of the upper pressure plate, the upper plate moving shaft, the first bearing, the inner shaft, the workpiece, and the first spring, when the planetary gear revolves and rotates relative to the sun gear, the friction between the upper pressure plate, the upper plate moving shaft, and the workpiece simultaneously drives the upper plate moving shaft to rotate and revolve relative to the fixed column, keeping the upper plate moving shaft, the upper pressure plate, and the workpiece stationary. At this time, the upper pressure plate does not grind or polish the workpiece; the grinding and polishing lower plate grinds and polishes the lower surface of the workpiece, achieving single-sided grinding and polishing operation. After the first spring is compressed, it can ensure that the upper surface of the upper pressure plate and the lower surface of the upper plate moving shaft are in close contact, and also ensure that the water channel connector and the connecting parts are in close contact, thereby effectively preventing the leakage of grinding fluid. Therefore, this invention can significantly reduce the internal stress generated during single-sided grinding and polishing, effectively reducing problems such as warping, deformation, edge collapse, and convex / concave center caused by asymmetrical force on the workpiece. It also reduces adverse phenomena such as edge collapse, enlarged chamfer, and poor surface shape caused by concentrated edge force. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a single- or double-sided switching device for a polishing machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Provided by the embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a single- or double-sided switching device for a polishing machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Provided by the embodiments of the present invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0016] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Temperature and level gauge; 2. Stirring rod; 3. Stirring motor; 4. Stirring impeller; 5. Water tank; 6. Stirrer; 7. Flow peristaltic pump; 8. Water pipe; 9. Grinding and polishing lower plate; 10. Cylinder; 11. Frame; 12. Planetary gear; 13. Water pipe connector; 14. First spring; 15. Spacer; 16. Upper pressure cover; 17. Inner shaft; 18. Connecting ring; 19. First bearing; 20. Upper plate moving shaft; 21. Upper pressure plate; 22. Lower water pipe; 23. Sun gear; 24. Outer ring; 25. Pin; 26. Fixed column; 27. Gantry frame; 28. Connecting piece; 29. ​​Connecting rod; 30. Second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0019] Please see Figures 1-4 This invention provides a single / double-sided switching device for a polishing machine, including a frame 11. The frame 11 uses the same integral sheet metal parts and planetary wheel structure as a double polishing machine. A gantry frame 27 is mounted on the frame 11; wherein, the bottom end of the gantry frame 27 is mounted at the edge of the upper surface of the frame 11. A water tank 5 is mounted on the outside of the frame 11, and the water tank 5 stores polishing fluid.

[0020] A sun gear 23 is mounted in the middle of the upper surface of the frame 11. A grinding and polishing lower plate 9 is provided on the outer side of the sun gear 23, and an outer ring 24 is provided on the outer side of the grinding and polishing lower plate 9. In addition, a planetary wheel 12 is placed on the grinding and polishing lower plate 9, and a workpiece to be ground and polished on one side is placed inside the planetary wheel 12; and the two sides of the planetary wheel 12 are respectively engaged with the sun gear 23 and the outer ring 24.

[0021] It should be noted that the sun gear 23 and the outer ring 24 are driven by different motors; the motors are installed inside the frame 11 and are not shown in the figure. The outer ring 24 and the sun gear 23 rotate in opposite directions, while the outer ring 24 and the planetary gear 12 rotate in the same direction, so that the planetary gear 12 can both rotate on its own axis and revolve around the sun gear 23 under the action of the outer ring 24 and the sun gear 23.

[0022] It should be further noted that the use of different motors to drive the sun gear 23 and the outer ring 24 to enable the planetary gear 12 to both rotate on its own axis and revolve around the sun gear 23 is existing technology, and this application has not made any improvements or innovations in this regard.

[0023] Preferably, multiple planetary wheels 12 are provided and distributed in a circular array along the sun wheel 23.

[0024] A cylinder 10 and a peristaltic pump 7 are mounted on the gantry frame 27. The cylinder 10 drives the fixed column 26 to move up and down. A connecting ring 18 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the fixed column 26 via a bearing. An inner shaft 17 is fixedly connected to the edge of the connecting ring 18 via fastening bolts, and the inner shaft 17 corresponds one-to-one with the planetary wheel 12. Therefore, the inner shafts 17 are arranged in a ring array along the center of the connecting ring 18. In addition, an upper rotating shaft 20 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the inner shaft 17 via a first bearing 19. A water passage connector 13 is also slidably fitted at the edge of the connecting ring 18, and the outer surface of the water passage connector 13 is provided with ribs to restrict its rotation; the ribs on the water passage connector 13 are slidably fitted with the slots opened on the connecting ring 18, so that the water passage connector 13 can slide up and down but cannot rotate.

[0025] Furthermore, a stepped portion is provided on the outer surface of the bottom end of the water connector 13, and a first spring 14 is sleeved on the outer surface of the water connector 13. One end of the first spring 14 abuts against the stepped portion on the water connector 13, and the other end of the first spring 14 abuts against the inside of the connecting ring 18.

[0026] In this embodiment, the single / double-sided switching device of the polishing machine further includes an upper pressure plate 21, which is used to press down the upper surface of the workpiece and drive the upper plate shaft 20 to rotate. A connector 28 is installed in the middle of the upper pressure plate 21, and the middle of the connector 28 is hollow. When the top of the connector 28 is tightly attached to the bottom of the water channel connector 13, the polishing fluid can be delivered to the workpiece in sequence through the water channel connector 13 and the connector 28.

[0027] In practical applications, when the upper pressure plate 21 and the upper plate moving shaft 20 are independent of each other, the upper pressure plate 21 is placed on the workpiece inside the planetary wheel 12 in advance. Then, the cylinder 10 drives the fixed column 26 to move down, so that the top of the connector 28 abuts against the bottom of the water connector 13 and compresses the first spring 14 until the upper surface of the upper pressure plate 21 is in close contact with the lower surface of the upper plate moving shaft 20. Since the planetary wheel 12 revolves around and rotates on its own axis relative to the sun wheel 23, under the action of friction between the upper pressure plate 21, the upper plate moving shaft 20 and the workpiece, the upper plate moving shaft 20 will rotate on its own axis and revolve around the fixed column 26 at the same time. That is, the upper plate moving shaft 20, the upper pressure plate 21 and the workpiece will remain stationary relative to each other, so that the upper pressure plate 21 will not grind or polish the workpiece. The grinding and polishing lower plate 9 grinds and polishes the lower surface of the workpiece, realizing the grinding and polishing operation of one side of the workpiece. In addition, the workpiece is clamped by placing it on the planetary wheel 12. Under the unique cooperation method of the present invention, the internal stress of single-sided grinding and polishing is greatly reduced, which reduces warping, deformation, edge collapse, and convex / concave in the middle caused by asymmetrical force on the workpiece, and reduces edge collapse, chamfer enlargement, and deterioration of surface shape caused by concentrated force on the edge.

[0028] It should be noted that several connecting rods 29 can also be installed on the upper surface of the upper pressure plate 21. The upper end of the connecting rod 29 slides with the edge of the upper plate moving shaft 20, and a second spring 30 is sleeved on the connecting rod 29. The two ends of the second spring 30 abut against the stepped part of the outer surface of the connecting rod 29 and the inside of the upper plate moving shaft 20, respectively. In this way, when the cylinder 10 drives the fixed column 26 to move down, the upper pressure plate 21 will first press the upper surface of the workpiece, and then compress the first spring 14 and the second spring 30 until the upper surface of the upper pressure plate 21 is in close contact with the lower surface of the upper plate moving shaft 20.

[0029] It should be further explained that after the first spring 14 is compressed, it can make the upper surface of the upper pressure plate 21 fit tightly against the lower surface of the upper plate moving shaft 20, and also make the water channel connector 13 and the connecting piece 28 fit tightly together, thereby effectively preventing the leakage of grinding fluid.

[0030] In some preferred embodiments, a spacer 15 is provided between the inner ring of the first bearing 19 and the connecting ring 18, and the spacer 15 is sleeved on the outer surface of the upper end of the inner shaft 17. An upper pressure cover 16 is also fixedly connected to the upper rotating shaft 20, and the upper pressure cover 16 is used to press down on the upper surface of the outer ring of the first bearing 19. By providing the spacer 15 and the upper pressure cover 16, the inner and outer rings of the first bearing 19 are limited, preventing axial displacement of the inner and outer rings of the first bearing 19 during the grinding and polishing process.

[0031] Optionally, a plurality of pins 25 are evenly spaced on the sun gear 23 and the outer ring 24, and the sun gear 23 and the outer ring 24 are connected to the gear teeth of the planetary gear 12 through the pins 25. Since the planetary gear 12 adopts pin-tooth transmission, the meshing strength and contact stiffness of the planetary gear 12 are improved, while the maintenance difficulty and maintenance cost of the outer ring 24 and the sun gear 23 are reduced.

[0032] Preferably, the cylinder 10 is a low-friction cylinder, which can provide precise, stable, and continuously controllable pressure. Ordinary cylinders have static friction, stick-slip, and jamming, and the pressure will fluctuate. Low-friction cylinders have almost no friction and no sticking, and the applied force is stable throughout the entire process. Ordinary cylinders will shake, jerk, and crawl when moving at low speeds, while low-friction cylinders move smoothly without impact, which helps protect the product surface.

[0033] Optionally, the water tank 5 is connected to the inlet of the peristaltic pump 7 via a water pipe 8, and the outlet of the peristaltic pump 7 delivers grinding fluid to the water connector 13 via a drain pipe 22. The peristaltic pump 7 is a small, controllable flow peristaltic pump used to provide power for the circulation of grinding fluid. The peristaltic pump 7 can be directly powered by batteries / low voltage, making it a preferred choice for portable devices. The peristaltic pump 7 also has the advantages of high starting torque and stable low-speed operation. It still has sufficient torque and does not stall at low speeds, and can operate stably even when the hose resistance is high. The small, controllable flow peristaltic pump is much cheaper and easier to maintain than stepper, brushless, or AC control solutions. If it fails, the motor can be replaced directly. It is suitable for frequent start-stop and intermittent operation.

[0034] A stirring motor 3 is installed on the water tank 5. A stirring rod 2 is fixedly connected to the output end of the stirring motor 3. A stirring impeller 4 is installed in the middle of the stirring rod 2, and a stirrer 6 is installed at the bottom end of the stirring rod 2. A temperature and level gauge 1 is installed on the water tank 5. The temperature and level gauge 1 facilitates visual inspection of the temperature and level of the grinding fluid in the water tank 5. If the temperature or level is abnormal, the machine can be stopped immediately for adjustment, avoiding batch scrap and significantly reducing quality risks. The stirring motor 3 drives the grinding fluid in the water tank 5 to agitate, effectively preventing grinding fluid sedimentation; simultaneously, the stirring impeller 4 continuously agitates the bottom and inner wall areas of the water tank 5, further preventing grinding fluid accumulation at the bottom and inner wall.

[0035] The working process of the present invention is as follows: In specific use, the present invention places the workpiece to be ground and polished on one side in the planetary wheel 12, and then presses the upper surface of the workpiece by the upper pressure plate 21; the cylinder 10 drives the connecting ring 18, the inner shaft 17, the first bearing 19 and the upper plate moving shaft 20 to move down as a whole, so that the top end of the connecting piece 28 abuts against the bottom end of the water connector 13 and compresses the first spring 14 until the upper surface of the upper pressure plate 21 is in close contact with the lower surface of the upper plate moving shaft 20. At this time, the motor inside the frame 11 drives the sun gear 23 and the outer ring 24 to rotate, causing the planetary gear 12 to revolve and rotate relative to the sun gear 23. Since the upper pressure plate 21 is in close contact with the upper plate moving shaft 20 and the workpiece, and the upper plate moving shaft 20 is rotatably connected to the inner shaft 17 through the first bearing 19, the friction between the upper pressure plate 21, the upper plate moving shaft 20, and the workpiece will simultaneously drive the upper plate moving shaft 20 to rotate and revolve, keeping the upper plate moving shaft 20, the upper pressure plate 21, and the workpiece stationary. Thus, simply placing the workpiece in the planetary gear 12 and pressing the upper pressure plate 21 onto the product completes the clamping, solving the problem of complex clamping in existing systems. Since the upper pressure plate 21 does not grind or polish the workpiece, the lower grinding and polishing plate 9 grinds and polishes the lower surface of the workpiece, achieving single-sided grinding and polishing of the workpiece.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0037] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0038] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The reference to "embodiment" herein means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily indicate the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A single / double-sided switching device for a grinding and polishing machine, comprising a sun gear (23), an outer ring (24), a planetary gear (12), and a grinding and polishing lower plate (9), wherein a workpiece is placed inside the planetary gear (12), the planetary gear (12) is placed on the grinding and polishing lower plate (9), and the two sides of the planetary gear (12) are respectively engaged with the sun gear (23) and the outer ring (24), and the sun gear (23) and the outer ring (24) are driven by different motors, so that the planetary gear (12) both revolves around the sun gear (23) and rotates around its own center, characterized in that, Also includes: Cylinder (10), the cylinder (10) is used to drive the fixed column (26) to move up and down; A connecting ring (18) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of a fixed column (26); Inner shaft (17), the inner shaft (17) is installed at the edge of the connecting ring (18), the inner shaft (17) corresponds one-to-one with the planetary wheel (12), and the inner shaft (17) is rotatably connected to the upper disk moving shaft (20) through the first bearing (19). Water connector (13), the water connector (13) is used to supply grinding fluid, the water connector (13) is slidably fitted at the edge of the connecting ring (18), and the outer surface of the water connector (13) is provided with ribs to restrict its rotation; The first spring (14) is sleeved on the outer surface of the water connector (13), and one end of the first spring (14) abuts against the stepped part of the outer surface of the water connector (13). The upper pressure plate (21) is used to press the upper surface of the workpiece and drive the upper plate shaft (20) to rotate. A connector (28) is installed in the middle of the upper pressure plate (21). The top of the connector (28) is used to fit tightly with the bottom of the water connector (13) so that the upper pressure plate (21) can deliver grinding fluid to the workpiece.

2. The single / double-sided switching device for a polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planetary wheel (12) is distributed in a ring array along the sun wheel (23), and the upper disk moving shaft (20) is distributed in a ring array along the connecting ring (18).

3. The single / double-sided switching device for a polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sun gear (23) and the outer ring (24) are provided with a number of pins (25) at equal intervals. The sun gear (23) and the outer ring (24) are connected to the planetary gear (12) by the pins (25).

4. The single / double-sided switching device for a polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spacer (15) is provided between the inner ring of the first bearing (19) and the connecting ring (18), and the spacer (15) is sleeved on the outer surface of the upper end of the inner shaft (17). An upper pressure cover (16) is also fixedly connected to the upper rotating shaft (20), and the upper pressure cover (16) is used to press the upper surface of the outer ring of the first bearing (19).

5. The single / double-sided switching device for a polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (10) is a low-friction cylinder.

6. The single / double-sided switching device for a polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a water bucket (5), which stores grinding fluid. The water bucket (5) is connected to the inlet of a flow peristaltic pump (7) through a water pipe (8). The outlet of the flow peristaltic pump (7) delivers the grinding fluid to the water supply connector (13) through a drain pipe (22).

7. A single / double-sided switching device for a polishing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A stirring motor (3) is installed on the water bucket (5). A stirring rod (2) is fixedly connected to the output end of the stirring motor (3). A stirring impeller (4) is installed in the middle of the stirring rod (2). A stirrer (6) is installed at the bottom of the stirring rod (2).

8. A single / double-sided switching device for a polishing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A temperature level gauge (1) is installed on the water tank (5).

9. A single / double-sided switching device for a polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the upper pressure plate (21) is equipped with several connecting rods (29). The connecting rods (29) slide with the edge of the upper plate moving shaft (20), and a second spring (30) is sleeved on the connecting rod (29). The two ends of the second spring (30) abut against the stepped part of the outer surface of the connecting rod (29) and the inside of the upper plate moving shaft (20), respectively.

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