Metal profiled part polishing machine tool with adaptive clamping structure and method
By combining air cooling and dust collection in a metal shaped parts grinding machine, the problem of dust dispersion affecting the life of the clamping device is solved, achieving efficient dust collection and cooling effects and extending the service life of the clamping device.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGZHOU YICHUANG HARDWARE PRODUCTS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, during the grinding of irregularly shaped metal parts, air cooling can cause dust to disperse into the flexible contour clamping device, affecting the extension and retraction of the pin and reducing the life of the clamping device. Liquid cooling may carry dust and affect the extension and retraction of the pin. Existing solutions have failed to effectively solve this problem.
Design a metal irregular part grinding machine tool with an adaptive clamping structure. Combining air cooling and dust collection, by setting up grinding components including a grinding head, servo motor, cooling structure and filter structure, it can achieve air cooling and dust collection at the same time, and avoid dust diffusion.
It effectively prevents dust from entering the flexible contour clamping device, extends the service life of the clamping device, ensures that the clamping effect is not affected, and achieves efficient dust collection and cooling effects.
Smart Images
Figure CN122425590A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal grinding technology, specifically a metal irregular part grinding machine tool and method with adaptive clamping structure. Background Technology
[0002] In the grinding and processing of irregularly shaped metal parts, adaptive flexible contour jigs are usually used to clamp and fix them. Several pins are usually arranged in a matrix on the clamping surface of the jig. The pins are retractable. When clamping, the irregularly shaped metal part is first placed between two jigs. At this time, the pins in contact with the surface of the irregularly shaped metal part will retract, thus forming a recess that fits the surface of the irregularly shaped metal part. Then the pins are locked to complete the clamping.
[0003] For example, patent CN224027206U, in the field of optical glass polishing technology, discloses a surface polishing device for irregularly shaped optical elements of zoom lenses. The device includes a base and a polishing apparatus. A support rod is fixedly connected to the base, and a connecting rod is slidably connected to the support rod. A placement platform is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod. Mounting plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the placement platform, and each mounting plate contains an irregularly shaped clamping mechanism. Through the coordinated use of these devices, the irregularly shaped optical glass is clamped. The spring in the clamping mechanism pushes the positioning pins against the sidewalls of the irregularly shaped optical glass, causing multiple positioning pins to clamp the sidewalls. Then, rotating the screw moves the connecting plate downwards, causing multiple pressing blocks to press and limit the multiple sliding rods in the clamping mechanism, thereby limiting and fixing the positioning pins and improving the stability of the clamping mechanism for the irregularly shaped optical glass.
[0004] Based on the above cases and actual situations, we have found the following problems: In the existing technology, the grinding surface will heat up due to friction, and the high temperature will damage the surface of the metal irregular part. Therefore, air cooling or liquid cooling is used to cool the grinding surface during grinding. However, the traditional air cooling mode will blow away the dust, which may cause the dust to enter the flexible contour clamping device, affecting the extension and retraction of the pin and reducing the service life of the flexible contour clamping device. On the other hand, the method of directly spraying coolant may also cause the coolant to carry dust into the flexible contour clamping device during rotation grinding, affecting the extension and retraction of the pin. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a metal irregular part grinding machine and method with an adaptive clamping structure. By setting up a grinding component, air cooling and grinding dust are performed simultaneously during grinding, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a metal irregular part grinding machine tool with an adaptive clamping structure, including a machine tool frame and a flexible contour clamping device mounted on the machine tool frame that can adaptively clamp. The machine tool frame is provided with a grinding component for air cooling and collecting grinding dust during grinding. The grinding assembly includes a grinding head, a servo motor for driving the grinding head to rotate and grind, a cooling structure for cooling the grinding surface, and a filter structure for collecting grinding dust. The grinding head is provided with an inner cover, and a sliding cover is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer side of the inner cover. A fixed cylinder is slidably connected above the sliding cover, and an air cylinder is fixedly connected to the rear side of the fixed cylinder. The cooling structure includes a suction fan that is driven to the servo motor through a transmission structure, several suction pipes for absorbing gas containing grinding dust, and several blowing pipes for delivering cold air to the grinding surface. The bottom end of the air cylinder is fixedly connected to a filter tube, and the two are connected. The filter structure is set inside the filter tube. One end of the air intake pipe is connected to the inside of the inner cover, and the other end is connected to the right end of the filter tube. One end of the air blowing pipe is connected to the top of the air cylinder, and the other end is connected to the bottom between the inner cover and the sliding cover. The airflow used for cooling circulates through the filter structure for filtration. During cooling, the dust generated by grinding is continuously drawn into the filter tube, filtered by the filter structure, and collected and processed.
[0007] In this design, considering that the grinding surface in existing technologies heats up due to friction, and that high temperatures can damage irregularly shaped metal parts, air cooling or liquid cooling is used to cool the grinding surface during grinding. However, traditional air cooling can disperse dust, potentially allowing dust to enter the flexible contour clamping device, affecting the extension and retraction of the pins and reducing its lifespan. Directly spraying coolant can also allow the coolant to carry dust into the flexible contour clamping device, affecting the pin extension and retraction. Therefore, this invention incorporates a grinding component that performs air cooling and dust collection during grinding, preventing dust diffusion from affecting the clamping effect of the flexible contour clamping device and preventing dust from being blown into the flexible contour clamping device, thus extending its lifespan.
[0008] In the technical solution of the present invention, a drive assembly for driving the grinding assembly to move on the X, Y and Z axes is fixed on the rear side of the machine tool frame. The grinding assembly is fixedly installed on the Z-axis drive structure. The output shaft of the servo motor passes through the upper surface of the fixed cylinder and the upper surface of the inner cover from top to bottom, and is coaxially fixedly connected to the grinding head.
[0009] In this setting, the grinding component is adjusted to perform grinding by configuring the driving component.
[0010] In the technical solution of the present invention, two limiting members are symmetrically fixed on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder, and two sliding rods corresponding to the two limiting members are fixed on the outer wall of the sliding cover. The sliding rods are slidably connected in the corresponding limiting members, and a first spring is provided in the limiting member for pushing the sliding rod to reset downward.
[0011] In this setup, the sliding rod not only supports the sliding cover but also limits its movement, preventing it from rotating and causing the filter structure to fail to drive. The first spring, after polishing, drives the sliding cover to reset due to its restoring force.
[0012] In the technical solution of the present invention, the horizontal position of the bottom end of the sliding cover is lower than the horizontal position of the bottom end of the grinding head, the horizontal position of the inner cover is higher than the horizontal position of the bottom end of the grinding head, and the outer wall of the inner cover and the inner wall of the sliding cover are fixedly connected by a number of connecting rods.
[0013] In this setup, by setting the bottom of the sliding cover to be horizontally lower than the bottom of the grinding head, it is ensured that the sliding cover contacts the grinding surface first during position adjustment, thus reducing the dispersion of grinding dust. By setting the inner cover to be horizontally higher than the bottom of the grinding head, a gap is created between the inner cover and the grinding surface. This ensures that the airflow blown out by the subsequent air blowing pipe returns to the inner cover under the action of the suction pipe, carrying the grinding dust into the filter tube.
[0014] In the technical solution of the present invention, the suction fan is fixed inside the air cylinder near the bottom, the rotating shaft of the suction fan is rotatably connected to the top surface inside the air cylinder, the transmission structure consists of a first gear set, a second gear set and a transmission rod, the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the transmission rod through the first gear set, the transmission rod is connected to the rotating shaft of the suction fan through the second gear set, and the two ends of the transmission rod pass through the side wall of the air cylinder and the side wall of the fixed cylinder respectively.
[0015] In this setup, by setting up a transmission structure, when the servo motor drives the grinding head to rotate and grind, it will drive the suction fan to rotate through the first gear set, transmission rod and second gear set in sequence, thereby making the entire airflow flow for cooling and dust collection.
[0016] In the technical solution of the present invention, the sliding cover has several vertical grooves on its wall corresponding to several suction pipes, so that the suction pipes can pass through and avoid being blocked by the suction pipes when the sliding cover slides up and down. The connection ends of the suction pipes and the filter pipes are located above the filter pipes to prevent the collected dust from falling back into the suction pipes when the filter structure moves. The blowing pipes pass through the top of the fixed cylinder wall into the fixed cylinder. A condenser is fitted on the outer wall of the inner part of the blowing pipe to cool the gas in the blowing pipe, which is convenient for subsequent cooling of the polishing surface. The bottom end of the blowing pipe is connected to a blowing head. The blowing head is L-shaped, with the horizontal section deflected 30° in the horizontal direction and facing the inner cover. The horizontal height of the blowing head is lower than the horizontal height of the bottom end of the inner cover.
[0017] In this setup, a vertical slot is incorporated to allow the suction pipe to pass through, preventing it from being blocked when the sliding cover moves up and down. A condenser is installed to cool the gas inside the blowing pipe, facilitating subsequent cooling of the polished surface. Furthermore, the blowing heads create a spiral airflow when blowing air onto the polished surface for cooling, preventing the dust generated during polishing from being directly dispersed and affecting subsequent suction collection.
[0018] In the technical solution of the present invention, the filter structure includes a filter plate slidably connected inside the filter tube and a piston plate slidably connected to the right end of the filter tube. A connecting ring is coaxially fixed in the middle of the filter plate. A threaded rod is rotatably connected in the middle of the filter tube. The left end of the threaded rod passes through the filter tube and is coaxially fixed with a driven tooth. A toothed plate that meshes with the driven tooth is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding cover. The threaded rod is coaxially threadedly connected to the connecting ring.
[0019] In this setup, by using a connecting ring and a threaded rod, when the sliding cover slides upwards, it will drive the threaded rod to rotate through the toothed plate and driven gear transmission, thereby moving the filter plate into the filter tube until the connection between the suction pipe and the filter tube is exposed. This allows the airflow to pass through the filter plate and filter the grinding dust during suction.
[0020] In the technical solution of the present invention, a retaining ring is fixed at the left end of the filter tube, and a plurality of limiting rods are fixed on the right side wall of the retaining ring in a regular annular arrangement. The right end of the limiting rod passes through the filter plate and the piston plate in sequence and is slidably connected to the filter plate and the piston plate respectively. A second spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the portion of the limiting rod located between the filter plate and the retaining ring, and a third spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting rod located between the right side of the piston plate and the right end face of the limiting rod.
[0021] In this setup, a limit rod is used to prevent the filter plate from rotating when the threaded rod moves it, thus preventing the filter plate from moving horizontally. A third spring is used so that when the filter plate moves into the filter tube, it separates from the piston plate. At this point, the piston plate is pushed by the spring force of the third spring to block the right end of the filter tube.
[0022] In the technical solution of the present invention, a cleaning cover is coaxially fixed on the left and right side ring walls of the connecting ring, and the flexible brush part inside the cleaning cover contacts the wall of the threaded rod.
[0023] In this setup, a cleaning hood is installed to clean the surface of the threaded rod while the filter plate moves left and right, preventing dust from adhering to the surface of the threaded rod and affecting the threaded connection between the threaded rod and the connecting ring.
[0024] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a grinding method for metal irregular-shaped parts with an adaptive clamping structure, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the irregular metal part in the middle of the flexible contour clamping device, drive the clamping part to approach the irregular metal part with the linear motor, make the clamping part fit the irregular metal part and then lock the clamping part to complete the clamping. S2. After clamping, start the drive assembly and adjust the grinding assembly to the appropriate position. When adjusting the Z-axis, the sliding cover first contacts the grinding surface and continues to move downward. The sliding cover retracts and slides upward, and drives the threaded rod to rotate through the toothed plate and driven gear transmission. This drives the filter plate to move into the filter tube until the connection between the air intake pipe and the filter tube is exposed, and compresses the second spring. At the same time, the piston plate is squeezed into the right end of the filter tube under the action of the third spring to block the filter tube. S3. After adjusting the Z-axis until the grinding head contacts the grinding surface, turn off the Z-axis adjustment, start the servo motor to drive the grinding head to rotate and grind, and drive the suction fan to rotate and draw air through the sequential transmission of the first gear set, transmission rod and second gear set. S4. When the suction fan rotates, the gas inside the inner cover carries the dust generated during grinding into the filter tube through the suction pipe. After the dust is filtered by the filter plate, it enters the air cylinder and then enters the blowing pipe. The gas is cooled by the condenser and then blown onto the grinding surface by the blowing head. Under the action of the suction pipe, it enters the inner cover again. This cycle reduces the dispersion of grinding dust. S5. After grinding is completed, turn off the servo motor, adjust the Z-axis to move the grinding assembly upward, and the filter plate moves to the right again under the action of the threaded rod until it is close to the piston plate. At this time, the filter plate pushes the dust inside the filter tube to the position between the filter plate and the piston plate. As the filter plate continues to move outward, it will squeeze the dust and push the piston plate outward until the filter plate completely leaves the filter tube. At this time, the grinding dust can be collected and processed to further reduce the dust dispersion.
[0025] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, by setting a cooling structure, during grinding, the servo motor is started to drive the grinding head to rotate and grind. The first gear set, the transmission rod and the second gear set drive the suction fan to rotate and draw air. The gas in the inner cover carries the dust generated by grinding into the filter tube through the suction pipe. After the dust is filtered by the filter plate, it enters the air cylinder, then enters the blowing pipe. The gas is cooled by the condenser and then blown onto the grinding surface by the blowing head. Under the action of the suction pipe, it enters the inner cover again. This cycle reduces the dispersion of grinding dust, prevents dust from entering the flexible contour clamping device and affecting the extension and retraction of the pin, and extends the service life of the flexible contour clamping device.
[0026] 2. In this invention, by setting a filter structure, before grinding, the drive assembly is started, and the grinding assembly is adjusted to a suitable position. The sliding cover first contacts the grinding surface and continues to move downward. The sliding cover retracts and slides upward, and drives the threaded rod to rotate through the toothed plate and driven tooth transmission, thereby driving the filter plate to move into the filter tube until the connection between the suction pipe and the filter tube is exposed. Under the action of the third spring, the piston plate is squeezed into the right end of the filter tube and blocks the filter tube. At this time, the airflow carrying dust in the suction pipe will pass through the filter plate and filter the dust, avoiding the dust carried in the airflow circulation process, affecting the extension and retraction of the pin rod, and extending the service life of the flexible contour clamping device.
[0027] 3. In this invention, after the grinding is completed, the Z-axis adjustment drives the grinding assembly to move upward. The filter plate moves to the right again under the action of the threaded rod until it is close to the piston plate. At this time, the filter plate pushes the dust inside the filter tube to the position between the filter plate and the piston plate. As the filter plate continues to move outward, it will squeeze the dust and push the piston plate outward until the filter plate completely leaves the filter tube. At this time, the grinding dust can be collected and processed in a concentrated manner, further reducing the dust dispersion. Attached Figure Description
[0028] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing component of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed cylinder and the sliding cover in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed cylinder and sliding cover in this invention from another perspective; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the air cylinder in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air blowing pipe in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the filter tube in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the filter structure in this invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the filter plate in this invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Machine tool frame; 200. Flexible contour clamping device; 300. Driver components; 400. Grinding assembly; 401. Servo motor; 402. Grinding head; 403. Fixing cylinder; 4031. Limiting component; 4032. First spring; 404. Sliding cover; 4041. Sliding rod; 405. Inner cover; 4051. Connecting rod; 406. Air cylinder; 407. Filter tube; 410. Cooling structure; 411. Suction fan; 412. Suction pipe; 413. Air blowing pipe; 4131. Air blowing head; 4 14. Condenser; 420. Filter structure; 421. Filter plate; 4211. Connecting ring; 4212. Cleaning cover; 422. Piston plate; 423. Threaded rod; 4231. Driven gear; 424. Gear plate; 425. Limiting rod; 426. Second spring; 427. Retaining ring; 428. Third spring; 430. Transmission structure; 431. First gear set; 432. Second gear set; 433. Transmission rod. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
[0030] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout this specification, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.
[0031] Reference Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution: A metal profile grinding machine with an adaptive clamping structure includes a machine frame 100 and a flexible contour clamping device 200 mounted on the machine frame 100 for adaptive clamping. It should be noted that the flexible contour clamping device 200 is a flexible contour clamping device, that is, based on a vise, it has several pins arranged in a matrix pattern on the clamping surface. The pins are retractable. During clamping, the metal profile is first placed between two flexible contour clamping devices 200. At this time, the pins in contact with the surface of the metal profile will retract, thereby forming a recess that fits the surface of the metal profile. Then, the pins are locked to complete the clamping. This is existing technology for flexible contour clamping devices and will not be described in detail here.
[0032] Furthermore, a grinding assembly 400 is provided on the machine tool frame 100 to provide air cooling and collect grinding dust during grinding, thereby preventing it from affecting the clamping effect of the flexible contour clamping device 200. In the prior art, grinding generates a large amount of dust, and the grinding surface heats up due to friction. Traditional air cooling methods can blow away the dust, potentially causing it to enter the flexible contour clamping device 200, affecting the extension and retraction of the pins and reducing its service life. Directly spraying coolant may also allow the coolant to carry dust into the flexible contour clamping device 200, affecting the extension and retraction of the pins. Therefore, this application provides a grinding assembly 400 to provide air cooling and collect grinding dust during grinding, thereby preventing it from affecting the clamping effect of the flexible contour clamping device 200 and preventing dust from being blown into the flexible contour clamping device 200, thus reducing its service life.
[0033] Specifically, the polishing assembly 400 includes a polishing head 402, a servo motor 401 for driving the polishing head 402 to rotate and polish, a cooling structure 410 for cooling the polished surface, and a filter structure 420 for collecting polishing dust. The polishing head 402 is driven to rotate and polish by the servo motor 401.
[0034] The grinding head 402 has an inner cover 405 on its outer cover. A sliding cover 404 is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer cover 405. A fixed cylinder 403 is slidably connected above the sliding cover 404. An air cylinder 406 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the fixed cylinder 403. The cooling structure 410 includes a suction fan 411 that is driven by the servo motor 401 through a transmission structure 430, several suction pipes 412 for absorbing gas containing grinding dust, and several blowing pipes 413 for delivering cold air to the grinding surface.
[0035] By setting up a suction fan 411, the servo motor 401 drives the grinding head 402 to rotate and grind, while the suction fan 411 rotates synchronously to make the airflow in the air cylinder 406 flow, thereby driving the suction pipe 412 to draw in air and the blowing pipe 413 to blow air.
[0036] The bottom end of the air cylinder 406 is fixedly connected to the filter tube 407 and the two are connected. The filter structure 420 is set inside the filter tube 407. One end of the suction pipe 412 is connected to the inside of the inner cover 405 and the other end is connected to the right end of the filter tube 407. One end of the blowing pipe 413 is connected to the top of the air cylinder 406 and the other end is connected to the bottom between the inner cover 405 and the sliding cover 404.
[0037] During cooling, the airflow carrying grinding dust inside the inner cover 405 enters the filter tube 407 through the suction pipe 412 to filter the dust, then enters the air cylinder 406, and then blows it back onto the grinding surface through the blowing pipe 413 to cool it down. The airflow used for cooling is thus circulated through the filter structure 420 for filtration. During cooling, the grinding dust is continuously sucked into the filter tube 407, then filtered by the filter structure 420 and collected for centralized treatment.
[0038] Please see Figures 1-3 As shown, a drive assembly 300 for driving the grinding assembly 400 to move along the X, Y, and Z axes is fixed on the rear side of the machine tool frame 100. The drive assembly 300 is mainly pneumatically driven. This type of multi-axis drive device is existing technology for grinding machine tools and will not be described in detail here. The grinding assembly 400 is fixedly mounted on the Z-axis drive structure. It should be noted that the Z-axis drive structure is not shown in the figure. The output shaft of the servo motor 401 passes through the upper surface of the fixed cylinder 403 and the upper surface of the inner cover 405 from top to bottom, and is coaxially fixedly connected to the grinding head 402. The coaxial arrangement avoids the grinding head 402 from colliding with the inner cover 405 during the rotation grinding process.
[0039] Furthermore, two limiting members 4031 are symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 403, and two sliding rods 4041 corresponding to the two limiting members 4031 are fixed to the outer wall of the sliding cover 404. The sliding rods 4041 are slidably connected within the corresponding limiting members 4031. A first spring 4032 is provided inside the limiting member 4031 to push the sliding rod 4041 downward to reset. The first spring 4032 is located between the top of the limiting member 4031 and the top of the sliding rod 4041. By setting the sliding rod 4041, not only can the sliding cover 404 be supported, but the sliding of the sliding cover 404 can also be limited, preventing the sliding cover 404 from rotating and causing the filter structure 420 to be unable to be driven subsequently. By setting the first spring 4032, after the grinding is completed, the restoring force of the first spring 4032 drives the sliding cover 404 to reset.
[0040] Please see Figures 4-6 As shown, the bottom horizontal position of the sliding cover 404 is lower than the bottom horizontal position of the grinding head 402, ensuring that the sliding cover 404 contacts the grinding surface first during position adjustment, thus reducing the dispersion of grinding dust. The horizontal position of the inner cover 405 is higher than the bottom horizontal position of the grinding head 402, creating a gap between the inner cover 405 and the grinding surface. This ensures that the airflow blown out by the subsequent air blowing pipe 413 returns to the inner cover 405 under the action of the air suction pipe 412, carrying the grinding dust into the filter pipe 407. The outer wall of the inner cover 405 and the inner wall of the sliding cover 404 are fixedly connected by several connecting rods 4051, which support the inner cover 405.
[0041] Furthermore, the suction fan 411 is fixed inside the air cylinder 406 near the bottom. The rotating shaft of the suction fan 411 is rotatably connected to the top surface inside the air cylinder 406. The transmission structure 430 consists of a first gear set 431, a second gear set 432, and a transmission rod 433. The output shaft of the servo motor 401 is connected to the transmission rod 433 via the first gear set 431, and the transmission rod 433 is connected to the rotating shaft of the suction fan 411 via the second gear set 432. The two ends of the transmission rod 433 pass through the side wall of the air cylinder 406 and the side wall of the fixed cylinder 403, respectively. It should be noted that both the first gear set 431 and the second gear set 432 consist of two mutually perpendicular bevel gears. The two bevel gears in the first gear set 431 are coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the servo motor 401 and the right end of the transmission rod 433, respectively. The two bevel gears in the second gear set 432 are coaxially fixed to the left end of the transmission rod 433 and the rotating shaft of the suction fan 411, respectively.
[0042] By setting up the transmission structure 430, when the servo motor 401 drives the grinding head 402 to rotate and grind, it will drive the suction fan 411 to rotate through the sequential transmission of the first gear set 431, the transmission rod 433 and the second gear set 432, thereby making the entire airflow flow for cooling and dust collection.
[0043] Specifically, the sliding cover 404 has several vertical grooves on its wall that correspond one-to-one with several suction pipes 412. By setting the vertical grooves so that the suction pipes 412 can pass through, the sliding cover 404 is prevented from being blocked by the suction pipes 412 when it slides up and down.
[0044] In addition, the connection ends of the suction pipe 412 and the filter pipe 407 are both located above the filter pipe 407 to prevent the collected dust from falling back into the suction pipe 412 when the filter structure 420 moves. The blowing pipe 413 enters the fixed cylinder 403 from the top of the cylinder wall. A condenser 414 is fitted on the outer wall of the inner part of the blowing pipe 413 to cool the gas inside the blowing pipe 413, which facilitates subsequent cooling of the polished surface. It should be noted that the condenser 414 is prior art and will not be described in detail here. The fixed cylinder 403 has a pipe connection port for the condensate in the condenser 414 to enter and exit.
[0045] In addition, the bottom end of the air blowing pipe 413 is connected to an air blowing head 4131. The air blowing head 4131 is L-shaped, with the horizontal section deflected 30° in the horizontal direction and facing the inner cover 405. The horizontal height of the air blowing head 4131 is lower than the horizontal height of the bottom end of the inner cover 405. When the air blowing head 4131 blows air to the polishing surface to cool it down, the airflow blown out between several deflected air blowing heads 4131 forms a spiral airflow to avoid directly blowing away the dust generated during polishing and affecting subsequent air suction and collection.
[0046] Please see Figures 7-8As shown, the filter structure 420 includes a filter plate 421 slidably connected inside the filter tube 407 and a piston plate 422 slidably connected to the right end of the filter tube 407. A connecting ring 4211 is coaxially fixed in the middle of the filter plate 421. A threaded rod 423 is rotatably connected in the middle of the filter tube 407. The threaded rod 423 is horizontally arranged to the left and right. The left end of the threaded rod 423 passes through the filter tube 407 and is coaxially fixed with a driven tooth 4231. A toothed plate 424 that meshes with the driven tooth 4231 is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding cover 404. The threaded rod 423 and the connecting ring 4211 are coaxially threaded together.
[0047] By setting the connecting ring 4211 and the threaded rod 423, when the sliding cover 404 slides upward, it will drive the threaded rod 423 to rotate through the toothed plate 424 and the driven tooth 4231, thereby driving the filter plate 421 to move into the filter tube 407 until the connection between the suction pipe 412 and the filter tube 407 is exposed, so that when the air is sucked, the airflow will pass through the filter plate 421 and filter the grinding dust.
[0048] Furthermore, a retaining ring 427 is fixed to the left end of the filter tube 407. A number of limiting rods 425 arranged in a regular ring are fixed to the right side wall of the retaining ring 427. The right end of the limiting rod 425 passes through the filter plate 421 and the piston plate 422 in sequence and is slidably connected to the filter plate 421 and the piston plate 422 respectively. By setting the limiting rod 425, the filter plate 421 is prevented from rotating when the threaded rod 423 moves the filter plate 421, thus preventing the filter plate 421 from moving horizontally.
[0049] In addition, a second spring 426 is fitted on the outer wall of the limiting rod 425 located between the filter plate 421 and the retaining ring 427, and a third spring 428 is fitted on the outer wall of the limiting rod 425 located between the right side of the piston plate 422 and the right end face of the limiting rod 425. By setting the third spring 428, when the filter plate 421 moves into the filter tube 407, the filter plate 421 separates from the piston plate 422. At this time, the piston plate 422 will be pushed and blocked at the right end of the filter tube 407 under the elastic force of the third spring 428. It should be noted that under the elastic force of the second spring 426 and the frictional force of the outer edge of the piston plate 422 and the inner wall of the filter tube 407, the deepest position of the piston plate 422 will not move to the left side of the connection between the suction pipe 412 and the filter tube 407, nor will it block the connection between the suction pipe 412 and the filter tube 407.
[0050] Please see Figure 9As shown, cleaning covers 4212 are coaxially fixed on the left and right ring walls of the connecting ring 4211, and the flexible brush inside the cleaning cover 4212 contacts the wall of the threaded rod 423. By setting the cleaning cover 4212, the surface of the threaded rod 423 is cleaned while the filter plate 421 moves left and right, avoiding dust adhering to the surface of the threaded rod 423 and affecting the threaded connection between the threaded rod 423 and the connecting ring 4211.
[0051] The grinding method for metal irregular-shaped parts with adaptive clamping structure in this invention includes the following steps: S1. Place the irregular metal part in the middle of the flexible contour clamping device 200, drive the clamping part to approach the irregular metal part through the linear motor, make the clamping part fit the irregular metal part, and then lock the clamping part to complete the clamping. S2. After clamping, start the drive assembly 300 and adjust the grinding assembly 400 to a suitable position. When adjusting the Z-axis, the sliding cover 404 first contacts the grinding surface and continues to move downward. The sliding cover 404 retracts and slides upward, and drives the threaded rod 423 to rotate through the toothed plate 424 and the driven tooth 4231. This drives the filter plate 421 to move into the filter tube 407 until the connection between the suction pipe 412 and the filter tube 407 is exposed, and the second spring 426 is compressed. At the same time, the piston plate 422 is squeezed into the right end of the filter tube 407 under the action of the third spring 428, thus blocking the filter tube 407. S3. After adjusting the Z-axis until the grinding head 402 contacts the grinding surface, turn off the Z-axis adjustment, start the servo motor 401 to drive the grinding head 402 to rotate and grind, and drive the suction fan 411 to rotate and suck air through the sequential transmission of the first gear set 431, the transmission rod 433 and the second gear set 432. S4. When the suction fan 411 rotates, the gas in the inner cover 405 carries the dust generated by grinding into the filter pipe 407 through the suction pipe 412, and after the dust is filtered by the filter plate 421, it enters the air cylinder 406, and then enters the blowing pipe 413. After the gas is cooled by the condenser 414, it is blown towards the grinding surface by the blowing head 4131, and under the action of the suction pipe 412, it enters the inner cover 405 again. This cycle is repeated to reduce the dispersion of grinding dust. S5. After grinding is completed, turn off the servo motor 401. Adjust the Z-axis to move the grinding assembly 400 upward. The filter plate 421 moves to the right again under the action of the threaded rod 423 until it is close to the piston plate 422. At this time, the filter plate 421 pushes the dust inside the filter tube 407 to the position between it and the piston plate 422. As the filter plate 421 continues to move outward, it will squeeze the dust and push the piston plate 422 outward until the filter plate 421 completely leaves the filter tube 407. At this time, the grinding dust can be collected and processed to further reduce the dust dispersion.
[0052] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the specification and its equivalents.
Claims
1. A metal profile grinding machine tool with an adaptive clamping structure, comprising a machine frame and a flexible contour clamping device mounted on the machine frame for adaptive clamping, characterized in that: The machine tool frame is equipped with a grinding component, which is used for air cooling and collecting grinding dust during grinding. The grinding assembly includes a grinding head, a servo motor for driving the grinding head to rotate and grind, a cooling structure for cooling the grinding surface, and a filter structure for collecting grinding dust. The grinding head is provided with an inner cover, and a sliding cover is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer side of the inner cover. A fixed cylinder is slidably connected above the sliding cover, and an air cylinder is fixedly connected to the rear side of the fixed cylinder. The cooling structure includes a suction fan that is driven to the servo motor through a transmission structure, several suction pipes for absorbing gas containing grinding dust, and several blowing pipes for delivering cold air to the grinding surface. The bottom end of the air cylinder is fixedly connected to a filter tube, and the two are connected. The filter structure is set inside the filter tube. One end of the air intake pipe is connected to the inside of the inner cover, and the other end is connected to the right end of the filter tube. One end of the air blowing pipe is connected to the top of the air cylinder, and the other end is connected to the bottom between the inner cover and the sliding cover. The airflow used for cooling circulates through the filter structure for filtration. During cooling, the dust generated by grinding is continuously drawn into the filter tube, filtered by the filter structure, and collected and processed.
2. The metal irregular part grinding machine tool with adaptive clamping structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A drive assembly for driving the grinding assembly to move along the X, Y and Z axes is fixed on the rear side of the machine tool frame. The grinding assembly is fixedly installed on the Z-axis drive structure. The output shaft of the servo motor passes through the upper surface of the fixed cylinder and the upper surface of the inner cover from top to bottom, and is coaxially fixedly connected to the grinding head.
3. The metal irregular part grinding machine tool with adaptive clamping structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Two limiting members are symmetrically fixed on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder. Two sliding rods corresponding to the two limiting members are fixed on the outer wall of the sliding cover. The sliding rods are slidably connected in the corresponding limiting members. A first spring is provided in the limiting member for pushing the sliding rod to reset downward.
4. The metal irregular part grinding machine tool with adaptive clamping structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the sliding cover is horizontally lower than the bottom of the grinding head, and the inner cover is horizontally higher than the bottom of the grinding head. The outer wall of the inner cover and the inner wall of the sliding cover are fixedly connected by several connecting rods.
5. The metal irregular part grinding machine tool with adaptive clamping structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The suction fan is fixed inside the air cylinder near the bottom. The rotating shaft of the suction fan is rotatably connected to the top surface inside the air cylinder. The transmission structure consists of a first gear set, a second gear set, and a transmission rod. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the transmission rod through the first gear set. The transmission rod is connected to the rotating shaft of the suction fan through the second gear set. The two ends of the transmission rod pass through the side wall of the air cylinder and the side wall of the fixed cylinder, respectively.
6. The metal irregular part grinding machine tool with adaptive clamping structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The sliding cover has several vertical grooves on its wall, each corresponding to a number of suction pipes, to allow the suction pipes to pass through and prevent them from being blocked when the sliding cover slides up and down. The connection ends of the suction pipes and the filter pipes are both located above the filter pipes to prevent the collected dust from falling back into the suction pipes when the filter structure moves. The blowing pipes pass through the top of the fixed cylinder wall into the fixed cylinder. A condenser is fitted on the outer wall of the inner part of the blowing pipe to cool the gas inside the blowing pipe, which is convenient for subsequent cooling of the polishing surface. The bottom end of the blowing pipe is connected to a blowing head, which is L-shaped. The horizontal section is deflected 30° in the horizontal direction and is set towards the inner cover. The horizontal height of the blowing head is lower than the horizontal height of the bottom end of the inner cover.
7. The metal irregular part grinding machine tool with adaptive clamping structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The filter structure includes a filter plate slidably connected inside a filter tube and a piston plate slidably connected to the right end of the filter tube. A connecting ring is coaxially fixed in the middle of the filter plate. A threaded rod is rotatably connected in the middle of the filter tube. The left end of the threaded rod passes through the filter tube and is coaxially fixed with a driven tooth. A toothed plate that meshes with the driven tooth is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding cover. The threaded rod is coaxially threadedly connected to the connecting ring.
8. The metal irregular part grinding machine tool with adaptive clamping structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A retaining ring is fixed to the left end of the filter tube. Several limiting rods are fixed to the right side of the retaining ring in a regular ring pattern. The right end of the limiting rod passes through the filter plate and the piston plate in sequence and is slidably connected to the filter plate and the piston plate respectively. A second spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the portion of the limiting rod located between the filter plate and the retaining ring. A third spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting rod located between the right side of the piston plate and the right end face of the limiting rod.
9. The metal irregular part grinding machine tool with adaptive clamping structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that: A cleaning cover is coaxially fixed on the left and right side ring walls of the connecting ring, and the flexible brush inside the cleaning cover contacts the wall of the threaded rod.
10. A grinding method for metal irregular-shaped parts using a grinding machine tool with an adaptive clamping structure, comprising the metal irregular-shaped parts grinding machine tool with an adaptive clamping structure as described in claim 9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Place the irregular metal part in the middle of the flexible contour clamping device, drive the clamping part to approach the irregular metal part with the linear motor, make the clamping part fit the irregular metal part and then lock the clamping part to complete the clamping. S2. After clamping, start the drive assembly and adjust the grinding assembly to the appropriate position. When adjusting the Z-axis, the sliding cover first contacts the grinding surface and continues to move downward. The sliding cover retracts and slides upward, and drives the threaded rod to rotate through the toothed plate and driven gear transmission. This drives the filter plate to move into the filter tube until the connection between the air intake pipe and the filter tube is exposed, and compresses the second spring. At the same time, the piston plate is squeezed into the right end of the filter tube under the action of the third spring to block the filter tube. S3. After adjusting the Z-axis until the grinding head contacts the grinding surface, turn off the Z-axis adjustment, start the servo motor to drive the grinding head to rotate and grind, and drive the suction fan to rotate and draw air through the sequential transmission of the first gear set, transmission rod and second gear set. S4. When the suction fan rotates, the gas inside the inner cover carries the dust generated during grinding into the filter tube through the suction pipe. After the dust is filtered by the filter plate, it enters the air cylinder and then enters the blowing pipe. The gas is cooled by the condenser and then blown onto the grinding surface by the blowing head. Under the action of the suction pipe, it enters the inner cover again. This cycle reduces the dispersion of grinding dust. S5. After grinding is completed, turn off the servo motor, adjust the Z-axis to move the grinding assembly upward, and the filter plate moves to the right again under the action of the threaded rod until it is close to the piston plate. At this time, the filter plate pushes the dust inside the filter tube to the position between the filter plate and the piston plate. As the filter plate continues to move outward, it will squeeze the dust and push the piston plate outward until the filter plate completely leaves the filter tube. At this time, the grinding dust can be collected and processed to further reduce the dust dispersion.