High-performance asphalt polymer waterproofing membrane and preparation method thereof
By using nonionic emulsifiers and graphene oxide-modified bitumen in waterproof membranes, the problems of complex construction and poor weather resistance of traditional waterproof membranes have been solved, realizing convenient construction and excellent waterproof performance of high-performance bitumen polymer waterproof membranes under low temperature and humid conditions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511593382.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Traditional waterproof membranes are cumbersome to install, difficult to adhere tightly to inside and outside corners, and have difficulty bonding at overlapping and termination points. They are also limited in construction in low temperature and humid weather. Furthermore, the materials have poor water resistance and weather resistance, which can easily lead to hollowing, delamination, and water seepage, resulting in the failure of the waterproof layer.
Nonionic emulsifiers are used to enhance the compatibility of asphalt, and graphene oxide is used to modify the asphalt to form a modified asphalt layer. Combined with polyester base layer and PE film, a high-performance asphalt polymer waterproof membrane is prepared, which improves the weather resistance and anti-aging performance of the material.
It achieves convenient construction under low temperature and humid conditions, enhances the adhesion and flexibility of the material, improves the durability and waterproof performance of the waterproof membrane, achieves a tensile strength of 20MPa, an elongation at break of 121%, a water absorption rate of less than 2%, improves weather resistance, and has excellent waterproof performance.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of waterproof membrane technology, and in particular to a high-performance bituminous polymer waterproof membrane and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, waterproof membrane is the largest component of the waterproofing material market. It's a flexible building material that can be rolled up to prevent rainwater and groundwater seepage in building walls, roofs, tunnels, highways, and landfills. It acts as the first line of defense against leaks between the building foundation and the structure, playing a crucial role in the overall waterproofing process. However, traditional waterproof membranes have several drawbacks in construction that haven't been effectively resolved. These include cumbersome installation, difficulty in achieving tight adhesion at corners, and challenges in bonding overlaps and joints, which can easily lead to delamination, water seepage, and ultimately, waterproofing failure.
[0003] Existing prefabricated waterproof membranes effectively overcome the aforementioned problems, allowing for continuous large-area construction without the overlapping edges found in traditional membranes. They are also less prone to hollowing out after application to internal and external corners, offering advantages such as convenient construction and flexible application. However, because the waterproof coating is a water-based modified bitumen waterproofing material, it forms a waterproof film through water evaporation. The drying speed is highly dependent on the surrounding environment (temperature and humidity), limiting its application and performance limitations. For example, construction is difficult in low temperatures and humid weather; multiple coats can easily lead to coating delamination; the material has poor water resistance; and its poor weather resistance prevents it from being exposed to the elements. Therefore, by using nonionic emulsifiers, this invention enhances the compatibility of asphalt, improves the weather resistance of waterproof membranes, and modifies asphalt, thereby significantly improving the durability and anti-aging properties of waterproof membranes. It is easy to construct, has good adhesion, good flexibility, and adjustable performance. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-performance asphalt polymer waterproof membrane and its preparation method. By using a nonionic emulsifier, the compatibility of asphalt is enhanced, the weather resistance of the waterproof membrane is improved, and graphene oxide is used to modify the asphalt, which greatly improves the durability and anti-aging performance of the waterproof membrane. It is easy to construct, has good adhesion, good flexibility, and adjustable performance.
[0005] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: A high-performance asphalt polymer waterproof membrane is composed of a polyester base layer, a modified asphalt layer, and a PE film surface layer. The modified asphalt layer is composed of the following components by weight: 60-90 parts petroleum asphalt, 15-35 parts modifier, 5-20 parts softener, 5-25 parts nonionic emulsifier, 1-3 parts stabilizer, and 50-70 parts water. The aforementioned modifier is graphene oxide nanosheets with a particle size of 1-5µm; The aforementioned softener is an epoxy fatty acid methyl ester; The aforementioned nonionic emulsifier is dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride; The aforementioned stabilizer is polyvinyl alcohol.
[0006] The aforementioned modified asphalt layer, by weight, consists of the following components: 70-80 parts petroleum asphalt, 20-30 parts modifier, 10-15 parts softener, 10-20 parts nonionic emulsifier, 1-2 parts stabilizer, and 55-65 parts water.
[0007] Specifically, the aforementioned modified asphalt layer, by weight, consists of the following components: 75 parts petroleum asphalt, 25 parts modifier, 12 parts softener, 15 parts nonionic emulsifier, 2 parts stabilizer, and 60 parts water.
[0008] The aforementioned polyester base layer is made of fiberglass mesh cloth with a film thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm.
[0009] The aforementioned PE film thickness is 0.1-2.0 mm.
[0010] The aforementioned method for preparing high-performance bituminous polymer waterproof membrane is carried out according to the following steps: (1) First, heat the water to 60-90℃, add bis(octadecyldimethylammonium chloride) and polyvinyl alcohol and mix evenly. Adjust the pH value to 3-4 with 1% hydrochloric acid, then add petroleum asphalt and heat to 100-125℃ and stir to obtain emulsified asphalt. (2) Emulsified asphalt, graphene oxide nanosheets and epoxy fatty acid methyl ester are stirred and mixed evenly at 50-60℃. After being mixed evenly, they are sprayed onto a polyester base layer to form an intermediate product of waterproof membrane. (3) The intermediate product of the waterproof membrane is coated with PE film and extruded to obtain the modified bitumen waterproof membrane.
[0011] In step (1) above, petroleum asphalt is added and heated to 110-120℃ for stirring. The stirring speed is 1000-1200 r / min and the stirring time is 25-35 min.
[0012] In step (2) above, the stirring speed is 800-900 r / min and the stirring time is 10-20 min.
[0013] In the aforementioned step (3), the extrusion molding pressure is 15-30 MPa and the molding time is 10-25 min.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention utilizes graphene oxide nanosheets, which possess a huge specific surface area. These graphene oxide nanosheets can generate strong interfacial interactions with asphalt molecules. When the material is subjected to external forces, these high-strength nanosheets can effectively bear and disperse stress, preventing the generation and propagation of microcracks. Furthermore, the graphene oxide nanosheets possess extremely high strength and modulus. When uniformly dispersed in the asphalt matrix, they can effectively prevent the propagation of microcracks, acting as a reinforcement and toughening agent similar to "steel bars" in concrete. This results in the high-performance asphalt polymer waterproof membrane prepared by this invention achieving a tensile strength of 20 MPa and an elongation at break of 121%.
[0015] 2. Graphene oxide has excellent absorption and scattering capabilities for ultraviolet rays, which can protect the asphalt molecular chains from direct damage by ultraviolet rays, thereby extending the service life of the roll material in exposed environments.
[0016] 3. Dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride has a long, lipophilic carbon chain (dioctadecyl) at one end and a hydrophilic cationic group (quaternary ammonium salt) at the other. In the preparation of emulsified asphalt, hot-melt asphalt is dispersed into tiny droplets. Dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride adsorbs onto the surface of each asphalt particle, with its lipophilic end firmly inserted into the asphalt oil phase, while its positively charged hydrophilic end extends towards the surrounding aqueous phase. This forms a positively charged protective film on the surface of each asphalt particle. This significantly reduces the interfacial tension between asphalt and water, making the asphalt easier to disperse and the system more stable. When the positively charged cationic emulsified asphalt comes into contact with a negatively charged substrate, strong electrostatic adsorption occurs. This electrostatic attraction disrupts the charge balance on the surface of the asphalt particles, causing the asphalt emulsion to demulsify rapidly (i.e., the asphalt separates from the water) and immediately bond tightly to the substrate surface, forming a continuous, dense, waterproof membrane. This rapid demulsification and adhesion give the material excellent initial tack, ensuring good workability even on damp surfaces, and allowing for application in low-temperature, humid weather. Therefore, the high-performance asphalt polymer waterproof membrane prepared by this invention has a short gel time, reducing the objective conditions of temperature and humidity required for construction; the bonding strength is above 1MPa, and the adhesion to the substrate is good; the waterproof membrane has a heat resistance of above 110℃ without dripping or running, a sliding value of ≤2mm, and can withstand a low temperature of -35℃, improving the weather resistance of the membrane; the high-performance on-site polymer membrane has excellent water resistance, with a water absorption rate of less than 2%, and excellent waterproof performance. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The present invention will be specifically described below through embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0018] Example 1: Modified asphalt layer components: composed of 75 parts petroleum asphalt, 25 parts modifier, 12 parts softener, 15 parts nonionic emulsifier, 2 parts stabilizer and 60 parts water; The modifier is graphene oxide nanosheets with a particle size of 1-5µm; The softener is epoxy fatty acid methyl ester; The nonionic emulsifier is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; The stabilizer is polyvinyl alcohol.
[0019] Preparation process: (1) First, heat the water to 80°C, add bis(octadecyldimethylammonium chloride) and polyvinyl alcohol and mix evenly. Adjust the pH value to 3-4 with 1% hydrochloric acid, then add petroleum asphalt and heat to 115°C and stir. The stirring speed is 1000-1200 r / min and the stirring time is 30 min to obtain emulsified asphalt. (2) Emulsified asphalt, graphene oxide nanosheets and epoxy fatty acid methyl ester are stirred and mixed evenly at 55°C. The stirring speed is 800-900 r / min and the stirring time is 15 min. After being mixed evenly, it is sprayed onto the polyester base layer to form an intermediate product of waterproof membrane. (3) The intermediate product of the waterproof membrane is coated with PE film and extruded. The extrusion pressure is 20MPa and the molding time is 20min to obtain the modified bitumen waterproof membrane.
[0020] Example 2: Modified asphalt layer components: composed of 60 parts petroleum asphalt, 15 parts modifier, 20 parts softener, 25 parts nonionic emulsifier, 1 part stabilizer and 50 parts water; The modifier is graphene oxide nanosheets with a particle size of 1-5µm; The softener is epoxy fatty acid methyl ester; The nonionic emulsifier is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; The stabilizer is polyvinyl alcohol.
[0021] Preparation process: (1) First, heat the water to 60°C, add octadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and polyvinyl alcohol and mix evenly. Adjust the pH value to 3-4 with 1% hydrochloric acid, then add petroleum asphalt and heat to 125°C and stir. The stirring speed is 1000-1200 r / min and the stirring time is 25 min to obtain emulsified asphalt. (2) Emulsified asphalt, graphene oxide nanosheets and epoxy fatty acid methyl ester are stirred and mixed evenly at 50°C. The stirring speed is 800-900 r / min and the stirring time is 10 min. After being mixed evenly, it is sprayed onto the polyester base layer to form a waterproof membrane intermediate product. (3) The intermediate product of the waterproof membrane is coated with PE film and extruded. The extrusion pressure is 30MPa and the molding time is 10min to obtain the modified bitumen waterproof membrane.
[0022] Example 3: Modified asphalt layer components: composed of 90 parts petroleum asphalt, 35 parts modifier, 5 parts softener, 5 parts nonionic emulsifier, 3 parts stabilizer and 70 parts water; The modifier is graphene oxide nanosheets with a particle size of 1-5µm; The softener is epoxy fatty acid methyl ester; The nonionic emulsifier is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; The stabilizer is polyvinyl alcohol.
[0023] Preparation process: (1) First, heat the water to 90°C, add bis(octadecyldimethylammonium chloride) and polyvinyl alcohol and mix evenly. Adjust the pH value to 3-4 with 1% hydrochloric acid, then add petroleum asphalt and heat to 100°C and stir. The stirring speed is 1000-1200 r / min and the stirring time is 35 min to obtain emulsified asphalt. (2) Emulsified asphalt, graphene oxide nanosheets and epoxy fatty acid methyl ester are stirred and mixed evenly at 60°C. The stirring speed is 800-900 r / min and the stirring time is 20 min. After being mixed evenly, it is sprayed onto the polyester base layer to form a waterproof membrane intermediate product. (3) The intermediate product of the waterproof membrane is coated with PE film and extruded. The extrusion pressure is 15MPa and the molding time is 25min to obtain the modified bitumen waterproof membrane.
[0024] Comparative Example 1: Waterproof membrane prepared without modification of asphalt using modifiers Modified asphalt layer components: composed of 75 parts petroleum asphalt, 12 parts softener, 15 parts nonionic emulsifier, 2 parts stabilizer and 60 parts water; The softener is epoxy fatty acid methyl ester; The nonionic emulsifier is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; The stabilizer is polyvinyl alcohol.
[0025] Preparation process: (1) First, heat the water to 80°C, add bis(octadecyldimethylammonium chloride) and polyvinyl alcohol and mix evenly. Adjust the pH value to 3-4 with 1% hydrochloric acid, then add petroleum asphalt and heat to 115°C and stir. The stirring speed is 1000-1200 r / min and the stirring time is 30 min to obtain emulsified asphalt. (2) Mix emulsified asphalt and epoxy fatty acid methyl ester at 55°C, with a stirring speed of 800-900 r / min and a stirring time of 15 min. After mixing evenly, spray the mixture onto the polyester base layer to obtain the intermediate product of waterproof membrane. (3) The intermediate product of the waterproof membrane is covered with PE film and extruded. The extrusion pressure is 20MPa and the molding time is 20min to obtain the asphalt waterproof membrane.
[0026] Comparative Example 2: Waterproof membrane prepared without emulsifying asphalt using emulsifiers. Modified asphalt layer components: 75 parts petroleum asphalt, 25 parts modifier, and 12 parts softener; The modifier is graphene oxide nanosheets with a particle size of 1-5µm; The softener is epoxy fatty acid methyl ester.
[0027] Preparation process: Petroleum asphalt was heated to 150℃, and graphene oxide nanosheets and epoxy fatty acid methyl ester were added and stirred until homogeneous. The stirring speed was 800-900 r / min and the stirring time was 30 min. After homogeneous mixing, it was sprayed onto a polyester base layer to form an intermediate product of waterproof membrane. The intermediate product of waterproof membrane was then coated with a PE film and extruded to form a membrane. The extrusion pressure was 20 MPa and the forming time was 20 min to obtain the asphalt waterproof membrane.
[0028] The bonding strength between the high-performance on-site bitumen waterproof membranes and the substrate in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested according to the testing methods in GB / T16777-2008 "Test Methods for Waterproof Coatings for Buildings". The tensile properties, impermeability, low-temperature flexibility, and other properties of the non-bitumen-based on-site membranes in Examples 1-5 were tested according to the methods in GB / T 328-2007 "Test Methods for Waterproof Membranes for Buildings". The test results are shown in Table 1.
[0029] Table 1 Performance data of high-performance on-the-shelf polymer roll materials Example 1 1.32 No cracks at -35℃ No dripping or running, slippage value ≤2mm 1.7 20 117 Example 2 1.28 No cracks at -35℃ No dripping or running, slippage value ≤2mm 1.9 20 119 Example 3 1.08 No cracks at -35℃ No dripping or running, slippage value ≤2mm 1.8 20 121 Comparative Example 1 0.76 Cracks appear at -20℃ Flowing, dripping, with a sliding value ≥2mm 2.8 18 72 Comparative Example 2 0.81 Slight cracks at -20℃ Flowing, dripping, with a sliding value ≥2mm 3.0 15 89 As can be seen from Table 1, the high-performance asphalt polymer waterproof membranes prepared in Examples 1-3 have a short gel time, reducing the objective conditions of temperature and humidity required for construction; the bonding strength is above 1MPa, and the adhesion to the substrate is good; the waterproof membrane has a heat resistance of above 110℃ without dripping or running, a sliding value of ≤2mm, and can withstand a low temperature of -35℃, which improves the weather resistance of the membrane; the high-performance on-site polymer membrane has excellent water resistance, with a water absorption rate of less than 2%, and good waterproof performance.
Claims
1. A high-performance bituminous polymer waterproof membrane, characterized in that: It consists of a polyester base layer, a modified asphalt layer, and a PE film surface layer. The modified asphalt layer, by weight, consists of the following components: 60-90 parts petroleum asphalt, 15-35 parts modifier, 5-20 parts softener, 5-25 parts nonionic emulsifier, 1-3 parts stabilizer, and 50-70 parts water. The modifier is graphene oxide nanosheets with a particle size of 1-5µm; The softener is an epoxy fatty acid methyl ester; The nonionic emulsifier is bis(octadecyldimethylammonium chloride); The stabilizer is polyvinyl alcohol.
2. The high-performance bitumen polymer waterproof membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified asphalt layer, by weight, consists of the following components: 70-80 parts petroleum asphalt, 20-30 parts modifier, 10-15 parts softener, 10-20 parts nonionic emulsifier, 1-2 parts stabilizer, and 55-65 parts water.
3. The high-performance bitumen polymer waterproof membrane according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The modified asphalt layer, by weight, consists of the following components: 75 parts petroleum asphalt, 25 parts modifier, 12 parts softener, 15 parts nonionic emulsifier, 2 parts stabilizer, and 60 parts water.
4. The high-performance bitumen polymer waterproof membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyester base layer is made of fiberglass mesh cloth with a film thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm.
5. The high-performance bitumen polymer waterproof membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the PE film is 0.1-2.0 mm.
6. The method for preparing the high-performance bitumen polymer waterproof membrane according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Follow these steps: (1) First, heat the water to 60-90℃, add bis(octadecyldimethylammonium chloride) and polyvinyl alcohol and mix evenly. Adjust the pH value to 3-4 with 1% hydrochloric acid, then add petroleum asphalt and heat to 100-125℃ and stir to obtain emulsified asphalt. (2) Emulsified asphalt, graphene oxide nanosheets and epoxy fatty acid methyl ester are stirred and mixed evenly at 50-60℃. After being mixed evenly, they are sprayed onto a polyester base layer to form an intermediate product of waterproof membrane. (3) The intermediate product of the waterproof membrane is coated with PE film and extruded to obtain the modified bitumen waterproof membrane.
7. The method for preparing the high-performance bitumen polymer waterproof membrane according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (1), petroleum asphalt is added and heated to 110-120℃ for stirring. The stirring speed is 1000-1200 r / min and the stirring time is 25-35 min.
8. The method for preparing the high-performance bitumen polymer waterproof membrane according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (2), the stirring speed is 800-900 r / min and the stirring time is 10-20 min.
9. The method for preparing the high-performance bitumen polymer waterproof membrane according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (3), the extrusion molding pressure is 15-30 MPa and the molding time is 10-25 min.