Preparation method of light and thin waterproof and moisture-permeable intelligent temperature regulating fabric

Abstract

The application provides a preparation method of a light and thin waterproof and moisture-permeable intelligent temperature-regulating fabric, and belongs to the technical field of functional textiles. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking a polyamide filament as raw material, interweaving to form an outer fabric, and then performing dyeing, setting and drying, and then performing compounding with a waterproof and moisture-permeable film in a laminating mode to obtain a waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric and to perform ripening; taking at least one of a polyester, a polyester cotton and a polyamide as raw material to obtain a base fabric, and then performing dip padding to obtain an inner fabric; and performing secondary compounding and secondary ripening on the ripened fabric and the inner fabric to obtain the light and thin waterproof and moisture-permeable intelligent temperature-regulating fabric. The application can realize intelligent temperature regulation and lightness of the fabric.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric, belonging to the field of functional textile technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization of outdoor sports and the upgrading of consumption, the trend of "outdoor clothing becoming everyday wear" is obvious. The market demand for high-performance outdoor sportswear has gone beyond basic waterproof, windproof, and breathable features, and is gradually developing towards dynamic thermal comfort and lightweight design. Regarding the preparation technology of lightweight waterproof and breathable fabrics, existing technical solutions mainly include two categories: lamination and coating. Among them, lamination is widely used due to its high bonding strength and good controllability of hand feel. A typical lamination process involves bonding an outer fabric, a waterproof and breathable membrane, and an inner fabric with hot melt adhesive, and then applying a waterproof coating or padding to the surface of the composite fabric to obtain a three-layer waterproof and breathable composite fabric. Traditional three-in-one direct lamination processes have the problem of difficulty in balancing interlayer bonding strength and hand feel, and the fabric is prone to edge-to-center defects; post-waterproofing treatment has limited wash resistance, and the waterproof function easily diminishes after repeated washing.

[0003] In the area of ​​intelligent temperature regulation, the use of phase change microcapsules to endow textiles with temperature regulation capabilities has become a research hotspot in recent years. Phase change material microcapsule technology is an effective way to encapsulate solid-liquid phase change materials, giving textiles "thermal buffering" capabilities. The most comfortable skin temperature for the human body is 33.4℃, with a comfortable temperature range of 1.5~3.0℃ and a temperature range of ±4.5℃ for feeling hot or cold. Textiles containing phase change materials will immediately adjust according to changes in ambient temperature and the temperature of different areas of the body. When the temperature rises, the phase change microcapsules absorb heat, and the core material changes from a solid to a liquid state, increasing energy; when the temperature drops, the phase change material changes from a liquid to a solid state, releasing the stored heat energy, thereby achieving intelligent temperature regulation.

[0004] The use of phase change microcapsules to give lightweight, waterproof, and breathable fabrics intelligent temperature regulation effects is currently mainly achieved through two methods: spinning and finishing.

[0005] 1) Spinning methods: Methods such as co-spinning to prepare phase change fiber layers or electrostatically coating nanofibers to obtain coated yarns offer greater flexibility in selecting fiber substrates and achieving uniform distribution and washability of phase change materials. However, these methods involve long processes, demanding equipment, and limited capacity for phase change microcapsules. Excessive microcapsule content makes fiber preparation difficult, while insufficient microcapsule content results in insignificant intelligent temperature control performance. CN 118727242 A mentions fibers that obtain phase change energy storage layers through spinning, including a core layer and a sheath layer. The core layer is a solid-liquid phase change material. Outer fabric, phase change energy storage layer fabric, and inner fabric yarns are sequentially laid out and knitted in one go on a circular knitting machine to obtain an intelligent temperature-controlled fabric with a phase change energy storage layer. However, the patent does not examine the intelligent temperature control performance.

[0006] 2) Post-treatment methods: For example, phase change temperature-regulating microcapsule powder can be added to the adhesive and then applied to the fabric by coating or impregnation, or temperature-regulating fibers can be embedded in it to form a multi-layered structure, thereby achieving waterproof and breathable properties as well as intelligent temperature regulation. In existing technologies, composite fabrics with waterproof and breathable functions and intelligent temperature regulation functions mostly introduce the temperature regulation function into the outer fabric layer or add it directly to the overall composite fabric. CN 216968889 U mentions a waterproof and breathable intelligent fabric in which a waterproof layer is bonded to the breathable fabric layer with polyurethane adhesive, and a layer of phase change temperature-regulating microcapsule powder is attached. However, the presence of the waterproofing agent reduces the temperature regulation performance of the phase change microcapsules, making the temperature regulation effect less sensitive and hindering the synergistic optimization of waterproof and temperature regulation performance.

[0007] Therefore, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies and meeting the market demand for lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabrics is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, this application provides a method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric. The method employs a "composite-waterproof-composite" process, in which the outer fabric is treated with waterproofing and the inner fabric is treated with phase change microcapsules to achieve a synergistic effect between waterproofing and temperature regulation. This process endows the fabric with intelligent temperature regulation, waterproofing, breathability, lightweight comfort, and other properties, making the resulting fabric more suitable for outdoor jackets, casual coats, and other sportswear.

[0009] Specifically, this application is implemented through the following scheme: A method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Using nylon filaments as raw material, interweave them to form a yarn with a weight of 30~100g / m². 2 The outer fabric is then dyed, shaped, and dried, and then laminated with a waterproof and breathable membrane to obtain a waterproof and breathable fabric. The weight of the waterproof and breathable membrane is 5~50 g / m².2 ; Step 2: Place the waterproof and breathable fabric at 30~35℃ and 50~60% RH for 18~36 hours to allow the hot melt adhesive to fully cross-link and cure with the waterproof and breathable membrane and the outer fabric, significantly improving the interlayer bonding strength. Step 3: Using at least one of polyester, polyester-cotton blend, and nylon as raw materials, weave to obtain a weight of 20-100 g / m². 2 The base fabric is used to impregnate the inner fabric, wherein the impregnation bath ratio is 1:20~30, the padding allowance is 70~80%, and the impregnation bath contains 100~300g / L of phase change microcapsule emulsion and 25~150g / L of binder, and the solid content of the phase change microcapsule emulsion is 30~50%. Step four involves a second composite and second curing of the fabric cured in step two with the inner layer fabric from step three, resulting in a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric.

[0010] The final fabric weight of the above scheme is 60~250g / m². 2 This ensures the fabric's lightweight and thin characteristics, while the nylon outer layer gives it waterproof properties. The waterproof and breathable membrane in the middle allows sweat to pass through while blocking external liquid water from entering, achieving a balance between waterproofing and breathability. The inner layer, which incorporates phase change microcapsules through padding, allows solid-liquid phase changes to occur on both sides within a specific temperature range, achieving intelligent temperature regulation and precise temperature matching. The lamination process is simple and gentle, does not reduce the overall feel of the fabric, and maximizes the protection of the performance of each layer.

[0011] Furthermore, as a preferred option: In step one, The outer fabric has any one of the following weave structures: plain weave, 2 / 1 twill weave, 1 / 2 fine weave, or satin weave.

[0012] The outer fabric uses 10-30D FDY matte or semi-matte yarn, with a warp density to weft density ratio of 1-1.5:1. More preferably, the warp density is 650-850 threads / 10cm.

[0013] The waterproof and breathable membrane includes one of PU, PTFE, and TPU, and the basis weight of the waterproof and breathable membrane is 10~30g / m³. 2 .

[0014] The waterproof and breathable membrane is bonded to the outer fabric using hot melt adhesive. The initial viscosity of the hot melt adhesive is 2000~4000, and the starting speed is 15~25m / min. More preferably, the temperature of the adhesive roller used for applying the hot melt adhesive is 100~120℃, the pressure of the adhesive roller is 0.3~0.5mPa, the pressure of the scraper plate is 0.2~0.5mPa, and the pressure of the bonding roller is 0.2~0.5mPa. The temperature settings of the glue melting machine are: 100~110℃ for the gun head, 100~120℃ for the glue tube, and 110~130℃ for the glue tray. The winding tension is set to 0.4~0.6mPa, the winding pressure is 0.04~0.1mPa, and the winding arm pressure is 0.1~0.2mPa, thus obtaining the waterproof and breathable fabric.

[0015] In step two, To further enhance waterproof performance, the cured composite fabric undergoes a waterproof finishing process. The waterproofing agent, through chemical cross-linking and physical adsorption, adheres to the membrane surface and micropore walls, forming an extremely thin water-repellent layer. This "secondary waterproofing" treatment gives the waterproof and breathable membrane itself significant hydrophobic properties, thereby further improving the hydrostatic pressure resistance of the entire outer composite fabric. Although the adhesion of the waterproofing agent within the micropores may slightly affect the membrane's permeability, the overall waterproof performance is enhanced. During the waterproof finishing process, the fabric passes through two upper and one lower rollers. The lower roller carries the waterproofing additive, and a scraper removes excess additive at a pressure of 0.2–0.4 MPa. The waterproofing additive comprises 20–60 g / L waterproofing agent, 1–3 g / L penetrant, 3–12 g / L cross-linking agent, 0.5–1 g / L glacial acetic acid, and the remainder is deionized water, maintaining a pH of 5–6, a liquid retention rate of 60–80%, a baking temperature of 150–180℃, and a baking time of 60–180 seconds.

[0016] In step three, The phase change microcapsules use n-octadecane as the core material and polyurethane as the shell material, with an enthalpy value of 180~220J / g.

[0017] The phase change microcapsules have a particle size of 2~4μm.

[0018] The weight of the inner fabric is 30~50g / m². 2 .

[0019] The immersion rolling process employs two-dip immersion rolling, one-dip immersion rolling, or one-dip immersion rolling.

[0020] The padding is replaced by coating, and the padding liquid is replaced by a coating material containing 10-50% phase change microcapsule emulsion, 5-30% binder, 1-5% thickener, and the balance being water. More preferably, the coating is applied at a scraping angle of 45-75°.

[0021] The adhesive is any one of polyacrylate, polyurethane, polyurethane-modified acrylate, silicone-modified polyacrylate, silicone-modified polyurethane, and silicone-modified polyurethane acrylate.

[0022] The thickener is at least one of polyurethane and polyacrylic acid.

[0023] The impregnated or coated fabric is first pre-dried at 70~90℃, and then set at 120~140℃ for 60~80s.

[0024] In step four, The outer composite fabric, treated with waterproofing enhancement, is then laminated a second time with an inner fabric containing phase change microcapsules. Because the waterproof and temperature-regulating layers are prepared independently, interference caused by direct contact between the waterproofing agent and the phase change microcapsules is avoided. This also prevents excessive clogging of the micropores in the waterproof and breathable membrane and damage to the integrity of the phase change microcapsules during a single hot-melt adhesive lamination process. The laminated fabric undergoes a second curing process, resulting in stable interlayer bonding. The final product is a lightweight composite fabric with a highly efficient waterproof and breathable outer layer and an intelligent temperature-regulating inner layer. The weight of this lightweight waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric is 100-200 g / m². 2 .

[0025] Secondary lamination process: initial viscosity of hot melt adhesive 2000~4000, start-up speed 10~20m / min; glue application roller temperature 100-110℃, glue application roller pressure 0.1~0.3MPa, doctor blade pressure 0.2~0.3MPa, bonding roller pressure 0.1~0.3MPa; melt glue machine temperature settings: gun head 90~0.5℃, glue tube 95~110℃, glue tray 100~120℃; winding tension setting 0.4~0.6MPa, winding pressure 0.04~0.1MPa, take-up arm pressure 0.1~0.2MPa.

[0026] Secondary aging conditions: Aged for 18-24 hours at a temperature of 30-35℃ and a humidity of 50-60%.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this application can be summarized as follows: Compared with existing technologies, the lightweight waterproof and breathable intelligent temperature-regulating fabric of this application first uses fine denier nylon filament as raw material, and obtains an outer fabric through processes such as weaving, desizing, dyeing, and setting. It is then laminated with a waterproof and breathable membrane. To enhance the waterproof performance of the outer fabric, a waterproof finishing process is performed to obtain a waterproof and breathable fabric. At the same time, phase change microcapsules are applied to the base fabric by impregnation or coating to form an intelligent temperature-regulating inner fabric. Finally, it is laminated a second time. Employing a "composite-waterproof-composite" process, the outer fabric undergoes waterproofing treatment, and the membrane material further enhances its waterproof and breathable properties, as well as its soft hand feel. The inner fabric undergoes phase-change microcapsule treatment, making it similar to skin in that it absorbs heat when the temperature rises and releases heat when it falls, achieving intelligent temperature regulation. This synergistic effect of waterproofing and temperature regulation endows the fabric with intelligent temperature regulation, waterproof breathability, lightweight comfort, and other properties. This fabric is primarily used in outdoor jackets, casual jackets, and similar garments. The design incorporates a lining to reduce performance degradation caused by daily friction and washing. It meets the market's comprehensive requirements for complex garment performance. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples in the embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This embodiment provides a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric, the preparation process of which is as follows: S1, Design and construction of the outer fabric: The outer fabric is made of 20D nylon filament FDY semi-dull yarn as both warp and weft. A plain weave structure is designed with a warp-to-weft density ratio of 1.1:1, with a warp density of 700 ends / 10cm and a weft density of 635 ends / 10cm. The outer fabric is obtained through weaving, desizing, dyeing, and finishing, and has a weight of 35g / m². 2 The outer fabric is made of woven nylon, which is lightweight, soft, and strong. As an outer fabric, it provides necessary abrasion protection without adding weight or volume, which is in line with the trend of lightweight clothing in modern times.

[0031] The waterproof and breathable membrane is made of polyurethane microporous membrane, with a film weight of approximately 15 g / m³. 2The waterproof and breathable membrane is bonded to the outer fabric using hot melt adhesive. The hot melt adhesive is PUR polyurethane hot melt adhesive (5408D) with an initial viscosity of 2000 and a machine speed of 20m / min. The glue application roller temperature is 100℃, the glue application roller pressure is 0.3MPa, the doctor blade pressure is 0.2MPa, and the bonding roller pressure is 0.2MPa. The glue melting machine temperature settings are: gun head 100℃, glue tube 105℃, glue tray 120℃. The winding tension is set to 0.5MPa, the winding pressure to 0.05MPa, and the take-up arm pressure to 0.1MPa, resulting in the waterproof and breathable fabric.

[0032] S2, Waterproof Finishing: The waterproof and breathable fabric was placed at 30℃ and 60% humidity for 24 hours to allow for full cross-linking and curing between the hot melt adhesive, the film, and the fabric, significantly improving the interlayer bonding strength. During the finishing process, the fabric passed through two upper and one lower rollers. The lower roller carried the waterproofing agent, and an excess agent was removed by a scraper at a pressure of 0.2 MPa. The waterproofing agent used was RUCO-DRY EC, which contained 40 g / L of waterproofing agent, 2 g / L of penetrant, 10 g / L of cross-linking agent, 0.8 g / L of glacial acetic acid, and the remainder was deionized water, maintaining a pH of 5 and a liquid retention rate of 75%. The baking temperature was 160℃, and the baking time was 60 seconds.

[0033] S3, Obtaining the inner layer fabric: The base fabric is made of polyester warp-knitted fabric, which is then subjected to padding, pre-drying, and setting in sequence.

[0034] The padding process employs a two-dip, two-roll process. The padding solution has a pH of approximately 6 and contains 200 g / L of phase change microcapsule emulsion and 100 g / L of binder. The liquor ratio is 1:20, and the roll residue is maintained at 75%. The phase change microcapsule emulsion has a solid content of 40% and a pH of 7. The phase change microcapsules use n-octadecane as the core material and polyurethane as the shell material, with a particle size of approximately 4 μm and an enthalpy of approximately 180-200 J / g. Pre-drying temperature: 80℃.

[0035] Setting temperature: 120℃, setting time: 80s.

[0036] The inner fabric weighs 40g / m². 2 .

[0037] The inner layer fabric uses breathable polyester warp-knitted fabric as its base. After being impregnated with phase change microcapsules, it can undergo a solid-liquid phase change within a specific temperature range. When the body is overheated, the capsules absorb heat and melt to cool down; when the body is undercooled, the capsules solidify and release heat to keep warm, actively responding to temperature fluctuations caused by the environment or the body, giving the fabric intelligent temperature regulation capabilities. During the impregnation process, both the front side that is in close contact with the skin and the bonding surface connected to the middle layer contain phase change microcapsules. The front side can directly respond to and regulate the human body's microclimate as body temperature changes; while the bonding surface not only has a temperature-regulating function, but because it is not exposed, daily friction and washing will not affect the content of phase change microcapsules and their corresponding temperature-regulating performance, providing a long-lasting intelligent temperature regulation effect.

[0038] S4, secondary composite: The S2 waterproof-finished fabric is then laminated and cured a second time with the S3-finished fabric. The second lamination and curing process is the same as the first lamination process. The final result is a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and temperature-regulating fabric with a weight of approximately 100g / m². 2 .

[0039] Initial enthalpy 25.6 J / g, moisture permeability 7256 g / m³ 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 85.6kPa, surface moisture resistance level 4. Temperature control effect: during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃, the maximum temperature difference is 4℃; during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃, the maximum temperature difference is 3.5℃.

[0040] After washing five times with water under 4N conditions, the enthalpy is 19.2 J / g and the moisture permeability is 6549 g / m³. 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 75.4kPa, surface moisture resistance level 3, during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃, the maximum temperature difference is 3.6℃; during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃, the maximum temperature difference is 3.1℃.

[0041] Comparative Example 1

[0042] This comparative example provides a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric with a "three-layer composite + waterproof" structure. The preparation process is as follows: The setup of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, except that: after the design and construction of the outer fabric in S1, it is directly laminated with the inner fabric, and then waterproof finishing is performed in S2 to obtain a waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric.

[0043] Initial enthalpy 21.3 J / g, moisture permeability 7721 g / m³ 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 87.5kPa, surface moisture resistance level 4. Temperature control effect: during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃, the maximum temperature difference is 2.5℃; during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃, the maximum temperature difference is 2.1℃.

[0044] After washing five times with water under 4N conditions, the enthalpy is 20.8 J / g and the moisture permeability is 7054 g / m³. 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 80.6kPa, surface moisture resistance level 4, maximum temperature difference of 3.5℃ during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃; maximum temperature difference of 3.0℃ during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃.

[0045] The difference between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 lies in whether the waterproofing finish is applied before the second lamination (pre-waterproofing) or after the second lamination (post-waterproofing). The test data shows that the post-waterproofing process improves the waterproof and breathable properties. This is mainly because the waterproofing finish forms a waterproof film on the fabric surface, which does not penetrate into the interior of the multi-layer structure. The presence of this waterproof film covers the phase change microcapsules, affecting the temperature regulation performance, resulting in a lower initial enthalpy and a smaller temperature difference between heating and cooling. However, washing reduces the amount of waterproof film, and the initial enthalpy value becomes closer to that of Example 1.

[0046] Comparative Example 2

[0047] This comparative example provides a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and temperature-regulating fabric that is "not reinforced with waterproofing," and its preparation process is as follows: The setup of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, except that: after the outer layer fabric of S1 is designed and constructed, it is directly laminated with the inner layer fabric to obtain a waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric, without further waterproof finishing.

[0048] Initial enthalpy 24.8 J / g, moisture permeability 7258 g / m³ 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 75.2kPa, surface moisture resistance level 3. Temperature control effect: during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃, the maximum temperature difference is 4℃; during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃, the maximum temperature difference is 3.6℃.

[0049] After washing five times with water under 4N conditions, the enthalpy is 19.3 J / g and the moisture permeability is 6312 g / m³. 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 68.4kPa, surface moisture resistance level 3, maximum temperature difference of 3.5℃ during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃; maximum temperature difference of 3.2℃ during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃.

[0050] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that waterproof finishing is no longer performed. The test data shows that waterproof finishing affects the waterproof and breathable properties of the fabric, but has little impact on the temperature regulation performance.

[0051] Comparative Example 3

[0052] This comparative example provides a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric, the preparation process of which is as follows: The setup of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, except that: in S1, after the outer fabric is obtained through weaving, desizing, dyeing and setting, it is waterproofed and then combined with the waterproof and breathable membrane and the inner fabric.

[0053] Initial enthalpy 25.8 J / g, moisture permeability 7354 g / m³ 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 78.2kPa, surface moisture resistance level 4. Temperature control effect: during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃, the maximum temperature difference is 3.8℃; during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃, the maximum temperature difference is 3.7℃.

[0054] After washing five times with water under 4N conditions, the enthalpy is 18.9 J / g and the moisture permeability is 4315 g / m³. 2 • After 24 hours, under a hydrostatic pressure of 42.5 kPa and a surface moisture resistance rating of level 2, the maximum temperature difference during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃ was 3.1℃; during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃, the maximum temperature difference was 2.8℃. Before washing, the fabric exhibited good waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature regulation. After washing, the fabric became uneven and bulged, which is due to the weak adhesion between the outer fabric after waterproofing treatment and the waterproof and breathable membrane.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] This embodiment provides a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric, the preparation process of which is as follows: S1, Design and construction of the outer fabric: The outer fabric is made of 30D nylon filament FDY semi-dull yarn as both warp and weft. A plain weave structure is designed with a warp-to-weft density ratio of 1.1:1, with a warp density of 660 ends / 10cm and a weft density of 600 ends / 10cm. The outer fabric is obtained through weaving, desizing, dyeing, and finishing, with a weight of 45g / m². 2 .

[0057] The waterproof and breathable membrane is made of polyurethane microporous membrane with a film weight of approximately 20 g / m². The membrane is bonded to the outer fabric using hot melt adhesive, specifically PUR polyurethane hot melt adhesive (5408D), with an initial viscosity of 2000-4000 ppm. The machine speed is 20 m / min. The glue roller temperature is 100℃, the glue roller pressure is 0.3 MPa, the doctor blade pressure is 0.2 MPa, and the bonding roller pressure is 0.2 MPa. The glue melting machine temperature settings are: gun head 100℃, glue tube 105℃, glue tray 120℃. The winding tension is set to 0.5 MPa, the winding pressure to 0.05 MPa, and the take-up arm pressure to 0.1 MPa, resulting in the waterproof and breathable fabric.

[0058] S2, Waterproof Finishing: The waterproof and breathable fabric was placed at 30℃ and 60% humidity for 24 hours to allow for full cross-linking and curing between the hot melt adhesive, the film, and the fabric, significantly improving the interlayer bonding strength. During the finishing process, the fabric passed through two upper and one lower rollers. The lower roller carried the waterproofing agent, and an excess agent was removed by a scraper at a pressure of 0.2 MPa. The waterproofing agent used was RUCO-DRY EC, which contained 40 g / L of waterproofing agent, 2 g / L of penetrant, 10 g / L of cross-linking agent, 0.8 g / L of glacial acetic acid, and the remainder was deionized water, maintaining a pH of 5 and a liquid retention rate of 75%. The baking temperature was 160℃, and the baking time was 60 seconds.

[0059] S3, Obtaining the inner layer fabric: The base fabric is made of polyester warp-knitted fabric, which is coated, pre-dried, and set in sequence.

[0060] The coating contains 20% phase change microcapsule emulsion, 10% polyurethane binder, 2.5% thickener, and 67.5% water. The phase change microcapsule emulsion has a solid content of 40%, a pH of 7, and the microcapsules use n-octadecane as the core material and polyurethane as the shell material, with a particle size of approximately 4 μm and an enthalpy of 180-200 J / g. The coating is applied to both sides of the base material in six back-and-forth strokes at a 60° angle.

[0061] Pre-drying temperature: 80℃.

[0062] Setting temperature: 120℃, setting time: 80s.

[0063] The inner fabric weighs 50g / m². 2 .

[0064] S4, lamination process composite: The S2 waterproof-finished fabric is then laminated and cured a second time with the S3 fabric. The second lamination and curing process is the same as the first lamination process. The final lightweight waterproof, breathable, and temperature-regulating fabric has a weight of approximately 128 g / m². 2 .

[0065] Initial enthalpy 25.6 J / g, moisture permeability 7365 g / m³ 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 86.5kPa, surface moisture resistance level 4. Temperature control effect: during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃, the maximum temperature difference is 4.5℃; during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃, the maximum temperature difference is 3.9℃.

[0066] After washing five times with water under 4N conditions, the enthalpy is 19.1 J / g and the moisture permeability is 6849 g / m³. 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 78.5kPa, surface moisture resistance level 3, maximum temperature difference of 2.8℃ during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃; maximum temperature difference of 2.5℃ during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃.

[0067] Applying phase change microcapsules to the inner fabric in the form of a coating improves the temperature regulation effect, but a significant amount of the phase change microcapsules are lost after washing, affecting the temperature regulation performance.

[0068] Comparative Example 4

[0069] This comparative example provides a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric, the preparation process of which is as follows: The setup of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 2, except that in S3, phase change microcapsules are coated on the inner layer and the surface of the waterproof and breathable membrane, and then composited to obtain a waterproof, breathable, intelligent temperature-regulating fabric.

[0070] Initial enthalpy: 18.9 J / g; Moisture permeability: 7326 g / m³ 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 84.6kPa, surface moisture resistance level 4. Temperature control effect: during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃, the maximum temperature difference is 2.9℃; during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃, the maximum temperature difference is 2.6℃.

[0071] After washing five times with water under 4N conditions, the enthalpy is 18.3 J / g and the moisture permeability is 6752 g / m³. 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 76.5kPa, surface moisture resistance level 3, during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃, the maximum temperature difference is 2.7℃; during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃, the maximum temperature difference is 2.6℃.

[0072] Phase change microcapsules are coated onto the inner fabric in the form of a coating. Due to the presence of the inner fabric, the phase change microcapsules cannot react in time to changes in body temperature, which affects the temperature regulation performance of the phase change microcapsules. However, washing has little impact on the temperature regulation performance.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] This embodiment provides a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric, the preparation process of which is as follows: S1, Design and construction of the outer fabric: The outer fabric is made of 20D nylon filament FDY semi-dull yarn as both warp and weft. A plain weave structure is designed with a warp-to-weft density ratio of 1.1:1, with a warp density of 700 ends / 10cm and a weft density of 635 ends / 10cm. The outer fabric is obtained through weaving, desizing, dyeing, and finishing, and has a weight of 35g / m². 2 .

[0075] The waterproof and breathable membrane is made of hydrophobic nano-electrospun membrane, with a film weight of approximately 10 g / m³. 2This hydrophobic nano-electrospun membrane is prepared using electrospinning technology. It uses hydrophobic thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as raw material and forms a nanoscale fiber stacking structure through a high-voltage electrospinning process. Micro- and nanoscale pores are formed between the fibers, allowing water vapor molecules to pass through quickly while effectively blocking the penetration of liquid water. The waterproof and breathable membrane is bonded to the outer fabric using hot melt adhesive. The hot melt adhesive is PUR polyurethane hot melt adhesive (5408D) with an initial viscosity of 2000 and a machine speed of 20 m / min. The glue roller temperature is 100℃, the glue roller pressure is 0.3 MPa, the doctor blade pressure is 0.2 MPa, and the bonding roller pressure is 0.2 MPa. The glue melt machine temperature settings are: gun head 100℃, glue tube 110℃, glue tray 120℃. The winding tension is set to 0.4 MPa, the winding pressure to 0.05 MPa, and the take-up arm pressure to 0.1 MPa, resulting in a waterproof and breathable fabric.

[0076] S2, Waterproof Finishing: The waterproof and breathable fabric was placed at 32℃ and 55% humidity for 24 hours to cure. After curing, the composite fabric underwent a waterproof finishing process, passing through two upper and one lower rollers. The lower roller carried a waterproofing agent, and an excess agent was removed by a scraper at a pressure of 0.2 MPa. The waterproofing agent used was RUCO-DRY EC, which contained 40 g / L of waterproofing agent, 2 g / L of penetrant, 10 g / L of crosslinking agent, 0.8 g / L of glacial acetic acid, and the remainder was deionized water. The pH was maintained at 5-6, the liquid retention rate was 75%, and the baking temperature was 160℃ for 60 seconds.

[0077] S3, Obtaining the inner layer fabric: The base fabric is made of plain nylon fabric, which is then dipped, pre-dried, and shaped.

[0078] The padding process employs a two-dip, two-roll process. The padding solution has a pH of approximately 6 and contains 200 g / L of phase change microcapsule emulsion and 100 g / L of polyurethane binder. The liquor ratio is 1:20, and the roll residue is maintained at 75%. The phase change microcapsule emulsion has a solid content of 40% and a pH of 7. The phase change microcapsules use n-octadecane as the core material and polyurethane as the shell material, with a particle size of approximately 4 μm and an enthalpy of approximately 180-200 J / g. Pre-drying temperature: 80℃.

[0079] Setting temperature: 120℃, setting time: 80s.

[0080] The inner fabric weighs 30g / m². 2 .

[0081] S4, secondary composite: The waterproof and breathable fabric obtained from process S2 is laminated with the inner layer fabric obtained from process S3 in a second process, using the same conditions as the first process. After lamination, it is cured again for 24 hours at 32℃ and 55% humidity to stabilize the interlayer bonding, ultimately yielding a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric with a total weight of approximately 95~100 g / m². 2 .

[0082] Initial enthalpy 26.1 J / g, moisture permeability 7380 g / m³ 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 78.2kPa, surface moisture resistance level 4. Temperature control effect: during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃, the maximum temperature difference is 4.2℃; during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃, the maximum temperature difference is 3.6℃.

[0083] After washing five times with water under 4N conditions, the enthalpy is 19.8 J / g and the moisture permeability is 6635 g / m³. 2 • 24h, hydrostatic pressure 68.9kPa, surface moisture resistance level 4, during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃, the maximum temperature difference is 3.8℃; during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃, the maximum temperature difference is 3.2℃.

[0084] In this embodiment, a hydrophobic nano-electrospun membrane is used instead of a polyurethane microporous membrane. Because the nanofiber network structure of the electrospun membrane has higher porosity and more interconnected moisture-permeable channels, its initial moisture permeability is slightly higher than in Example 1, while still maintaining excellent waterproof performance. Furthermore, this embodiment uses nylon plain weave fabric as the base fabric for the inner layer. Nylon fabric has better abrasion resistance and tear resistance, and also exhibits better compatibility with the nylon material in the waterproof outer layer during secondary lamination, which helps to improve the interlayer bonding strength and the overall durability of the finished fabric.

[0085] Example 4

[0086] This embodiment provides a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric, the preparation process of which is as follows: S1, Design and construction of the outer fabric: The outer fabric is made of 15D / 6F nylon filament FDY semi-dull yarn as warp and weft yarn. The plain weave structure is designed with a warp-to-weft yarn density ratio of 1.1:1. The warp density is 800 threads / 10cm and the weft density is 725 threads / 10cm. The outer fabric is obtained by weaving, desizing, dyeing and setting. The outer fabric weight is 25g / m².

[0087] The waterproof and breathable membrane is made of PTFE microporous membrane with a basis weight of 8 g / m², a thickness of approximately 15-20 μm, a porosity of ≥80%, and a maximum pore size of ≤0.5 μm. This PTFE microporous membrane is bonded to the outer fabric using hot melt adhesive. The hot melt adhesive is PUR polyurethane hot melt adhesive (5408D) with an initial viscosity of 2000 and a start-up speed of 20 m / min. The glue application roller temperature is 100℃, the glue application roller pressure is 0.3 MPa, the doctor blade pressure is 0.2 MPa, and the bonding roller pressure is 0.2 MPa. The glue melting machine temperature settings are: gun head 100℃, glue tube 105℃, glue tray 120℃. The winding tension is set to 0.5 MPa, the winding pressure to 0.05 MPa, and the take-up arm pressure to 0.1 MPa, resulting in the waterproof and breathable fabric.

[0088] S2, Waterproof Finishing: The waterproof and breathable fabric was cured in a curing chamber at 35℃ and 50% humidity for 24 hours. After curing, the composite fabric underwent a waterproof finishing process. During the finishing process, the fabric passed through two upper and one lower rollers, with the lower roller carrying a waterproofing agent. An excess agent was removed by a scraper, with a scraper pressure of 0.2 MPa. The waterproofing agent used was the fluorine-free waterproofing agent NF-300 (acrylate-based). The working solution formula was: NF-300 waterproofing agent 50 g / L, penetrant 2 g / L, crosslinking agent 8 g / L, glacial acetic acid 0.5 g / L (pre-added to adjust the pH to around 5), and the remainder was deionized water. The liquid retention rate was 70%, the baking temperature was 150℃, and the baking time was 90 seconds.

[0089] S3, Obtaining the inner layer fabric: The base fabric is made of polyester warp-knitted fabric, using 30D / 24F polyester DTY as raw material, with a two-comb warp plain weave. The phase change microcapsules in the inner fabric are introduced using a coating method. The coating is prepared as follows: by mass percentage, 20% phase change microcapsule emulsion (40% solid content, pH=7, core material is n-octadecane, shell material is polyurethane, particle size approximately 4μm, enthalpy value approximately 180~200J / g), 10% water-based polyurethane binder, 2.5% thickener, and 67.5% deionized water. All components are mixed and stirred at low speed until homogeneous, then allowed to stand to defoam before use. The coating is applied manually, scraping back and forth 6 times on each side of the base fabric at a 60° angle, ensuring the coating evenly covers the fiber surface and penetrates into the yarn gaps. After coating, the fabric is first pre-dried at 80℃ to remove most of the moisture, and then set at 120℃ for 80 seconds to allow the adhesive to fully cross-link and cure, and the phase change microcapsules to be firmly anchored to the fiber surface. The final inner layer fabric has a weight of 50 g / m².

[0090] S4, secondary composite: The waterproof and breathable fabric obtained from S2 is laminated with the inner fabric obtained from S3 in a second process, with the same process conditions as the first. After lamination, it is cured again for 24 hours at 35℃ and 50% humidity to stabilize the interlayer bonding, resulting in a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric with a total weight of approximately 85~90g / m².

[0091] Initial enthalpy: 26.8 J / g; moisture permeability: 7520 g / m²·24h; hydrostatic pressure: 92.3 kPa; surface moisture resistance: grade 4. Temperature regulation effect: during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃, the maximum temperature difference is 4.5℃; during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃, the maximum temperature difference is 3.9℃.

[0092] After being washed 5 times with water under 4N conditions, the enthalpy value is 21.5J / g, the moisture permeability is 6780g / m2·24h, the hydrostatic pressure is 81.6kPa, the surface moisture resistance is grade 3-4, the maximum temperature difference is 4.0℃ during the process of heating from 20℃ to 40℃, and the maximum temperature difference is 3.4℃ during the process of cooling from 40℃ to 20℃.

[0093] This embodiment uses a combination of ultra-light nylon outer layer, PTFE microporous membrane, and temperature-regulating inner layer with coating method, which has excellent comprehensive performance, achieves lower weight and higher moisture permeability, and can be applied to outdoor clothing in spring and summer.

[0094] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several feasible implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, nor are the embodiments intended to limit the scope of protection in the claims of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. All equivalent implementations or changes that do not depart from the present invention should be included in the technology of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: Step 1: Using nylon filaments as raw material, interweave them to form a yarn with a weight of 30~100g / m². 2 The outer fabric is then dyed, set, and dried, and then laminated with a waterproof and breathable membrane to obtain a waterproof and breathable fabric. The waterproof and breathable membrane has a basis weight of 5~50g / m³. 2 ; Step 2: Place the waterproof and breathable fabric at 30~35℃ and 50~60% RH for 18~36 hours to cure; Step 3: Using at least one of polyester, polyester-cotton blend, and nylon as raw materials, weave to obtain a weight of 20-100 g / m². 2 The base fabric is used to impregnate the inner fabric, wherein the impregnation bath ratio is 1:20~30, the padding allowance is 70~80%, and the impregnation bath contains 100~300g / L of phase change microcapsule emulsion and 25~150g / L of binder, and the solid content of the phase change microcapsule emulsion is 30~50%. Step four involves a second lamination and curing process between the fabric cured in step two and the inner layer fabric from step three, resulting in a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and temperature-regulating fabric with a weight of 60-250 g / m². 2 .

2. The method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer fabric uses 10-30D FDY matte or semi-matte yarn, with a warp density to weft density ratio of 1-1.5:1, and the weave structure is any one of plain weave, 2 / 1 twill weave, 1 / 2 fine weave, or satin weave.

3. The method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the waterproof and breathable membrane is bonded to the outer fabric using hot melt adhesive. The initial viscosity of the hot melt adhesive is 2000~4000, and the starting speed is 15~25m / min. The temperature of the glue-applying roller is 100~120℃, the pressure of the glue-applying roller is 0.3~0.5mPa, the pressure of the scraper is 0.2~0.5mPa, and the pressure of the bonding roller is 0.2~0.5mPa. The temperature settings of the glue melt machine are: gun head 100~110℃, glue tube 100~120℃, glue tray 110~130℃. The winding tension is set to 0.4~0.6mPa, the winding pressure is 0.04~0.1mPa, and the winding arm pressure is 0.1~0.2mPa.

4. The method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof and breathable membrane is made of any one of PU, PTFE, or TPU, with a basis weight of 10~30g / m³. 2 .

5. The method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step two, after curing, also includes waterproof finishing. The fabric passes through two upper and one lower rollers. The lower roller has a waterproofing agent, which includes 20~60g / L of waterproofing agent, 1~3g / L of penetrant, 3~12g / L of crosslinking agent, 0.5~1g / L of glacial acetic acid, and the rest is deionized water with a pH of 5~6 and a liquid retention rate of 60~80%.

6. The method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change microcapsules use n-octadecane as the core material and polyurethane as the shell material, with an enthalpy value of 180~220J / g.

7. The method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change microcapsules have a particle size of 2~4μm.

8. The method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, padding is replaced by coating, and the padding liquid is replaced by coating material. The coating material contains 10-50% phase change microcapsule emulsion, 5-30% binder, 1-5% thickener, and the balance water.

9. The method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conditions for the secondary lamination are as follows: the fabric after curing in step two is laminated with the inner fabric in step three using hot melt adhesive. The initial viscosity of the hot melt adhesive is 2000~4000, and the machine speed is 10~20m / min. The temperature of the glue roller for inputting the hot melt adhesive is 100~110℃, the pressure of the glue roller is 0.1~0.3MPa, the pressure of the scraper plate is 0.2~0.3MPa, and the pressure of the bonding roller is 0.1~0.3MPa. The temperature settings of the melt glue machine used for lamination are: gun head 90~05℃, glue tube 95~110℃, glue tray 100~120℃. The winding tension after lamination is set to 0.4~0.6MPa, the winding pressure is 0.04~0.1MPa, and the winding arm pressure is 0.1~0.2MPa.

10. The method for preparing a lightweight, waterproof, breathable, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conditions for the secondary maturation are: maturation for 18-24 hours at a temperature of 30-35℃ and a humidity of 50-60%.