A pressure-sensing based intelligent tire wear monitoring system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of intelligent tire wear monitoring system and method based on pressure sensing, belong to automobile parameter monitoring technical field, the intelligent tire wear monitoring system based on pressure sensing includes pressure sensor, calculation module and wireless transmission unit;The pressure sensor is arranged in tire tread base layer, for real-time acquisition ground pressure data;Wireless transmission unit is used to wirelessly transmit the ground pressure data to the calculation module;The calculation module is used to calculate pressure distribution and wear parameter based on the ground pressure data, and compared with the data in the database built, obtains wear grade.The disclosure judges wear state by analyzing tire ground pressure distribution change, can early warning early abnormal wear, need not to stop inspection, real-time monitoring, low cost, high accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of automotive parameter monitoring technology, and in particular relates to an intelligent tire wear monitoring system and method based on pressure sensing. Background Technology

[0002] Car tires are the only part of a car that comes into contact with the ground, and their safety directly affects the vehicle's handling, braking, comfort, and even the lives of the occupants. Identifying tire wear risks in advance and regularly checking tread depth is extremely important. Currently, the mainstream methods for assessment are using a tread depth gauge and tire wear indicators. The tread depth gauge method involves inserting a gauge into the tire's main grooves to directly read the remaining tread depth. The wear indicator method identifies tires by the height of the raised rubber blocks within the tire grooves; when the wear indicator blocks are worn down to the same level as the tire, it needs to be replaced.

[0003] Tread depth gauge testing suffers from significant human error; measurements taken at different points on the same tire can vary by more than 20%. Wear indicator blocks cannot predict early abnormal wear, relying heavily on human experience, which is highly subjective. Furthermore, they require vehicle inspection, cannot provide real-time monitoring, and full vehicle inspections are time-consuming, impacting operational efficiency. Therefore, a low-cost, high-precision, real-time feedback tire wear monitoring solution is urgently needed.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new pressure-sensing-based intelligent tire wear monitoring system and method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a pressure-sensing-based intelligent tire wear monitoring system and method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] This disclosure achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A pressure-sensing-based intelligent tire wear monitoring system includes a pressure sensor, a computing module, and a wireless transmission unit; The pressure sensor is installed in the base layer of the tire tread and is used to collect ground pressure data in real time. The wireless transmission unit is used to wirelessly transmit the ground pressure data to the computing module; The calculation module is used to calculate the pressure distribution and wear parameters based on the ground pressure data, and compare them with the data in the constructed database to obtain the wear level.

[0007] As a further optimization of this disclosure, the pressure sensor is a flexible thin-film piezoresistive sensor, and there are multiple of them arranged in an array to form a sensor array.

[0008] As a further optimization of this disclosure, the sensor array is pre-embedded between the tread rubber and the belt layer during the tire manufacturing stage; a high-temperature vulcanization process is used to bond the pressure sensor to the rubber; and each row of pressure sensors is connected to the data acquisition node inside the wheel hub via a flexible FPC circuit.

[0009] As a further optimization of this disclosure, the wireless transmission unit includes a wireless transmitting module and a wireless receiving module, wherein the wireless transmitting module is connected to the data acquisition node and the wireless receiving module is connected to the computing module.

[0010] As a further optimization of this disclosure, the calculation module establishes a pressure distribution matrix based on the ground pressure data collected in real time by the sensor array, calculates the sensor center offset, extracts the pressure F parameter to characterize the wear condition, and performs a classification after comparing with the database.

[0011] As a further optimization of this disclosure, the wear levels include Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3, which represent normal wear, moderate wear and severe wear, respectively.

[0012] As a further optimization of this disclosure, the calculation module is connected to the vehicle-mounted screen and displays the wear level on the vehicle-mounted screen using different colors: green for level 1, yellow for level 2, and red for level 3.

[0013] As a further optimization of this disclosure, a self-powered system is also included, which includes piezoelectric fibers embedded in the tire sidewall and an electromagnetic induction coil embedded in the wheel hub; the piezoelectric fibers generate electricity through deformation; and the electromagnetic induction coil generates a peak voltage when rotating.

[0014] As a further optimization of this disclosure, a supercapacitor is also included to power the pressure sensor and the wireless transmission unit, the supercapacitor being used to store energy generated by the self-powered system.

[0015] A pressure-sensing-based intelligent tire wear monitoring method, applicable to the aforementioned pressure-sensing-based intelligent tire wear monitoring system, includes the following steps: The pressure sensors are arranged in an array inside the tire; Conduct tire wear simulation tests, collect ground pressure data during the wear process, and save the data to a database; During vehicle operation, the sensor array transmits ground pressure data to the computing module via a wireless transmission unit; The calculation module calculates the pressure distribution and wear parameters of the ground pressure data and compares them with the data in the constructed database to obtain the wear level. The wear level will be displayed in different colors on the in-vehicle screen to indicate the risk.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this disclosure are as follows: 1. Accurate wear monitoring: Utilizing multi-point pressure sensors inside the tire to collect ground pressure distribution and fluctuations, and combining pressure distortion and ground length changes to establish a wear model, replacing manual inspection, and achieving continuous, dynamic, and high-precision judgment of tire tread wear and uneven wear.

[0017] 2. Enhance driving safety by providing real-time detection of abnormal pressure and wear levels, early warning of critical wear, and synchronous correlation with tire pressure, temperature, and load to reduce the risk of tire blowouts and loss of control.

[0018] 3. Reduce costs and increase efficiency by avoiding excessive wear and premature tire replacement, thus extending tire life; reduce manual inspection costs; support full lifecycle management of the fleet, and optimize fuel consumption and maintenance.

[0019] 4. Adaptable to complex working conditions, unaffected by light, mud, or road conditions, providing real-time monitoring while driving, and compatible with various vehicle models and harsh environments.

[0020] 5. High system integration, can be linked with vehicle systems and cloud platforms, low power consumption, long lifespan, realize integrated intelligent monitoring of vehicle-road-cloud. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 This is an interactive schematic diagram of an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, a pressure-sensing-based intelligent tire wear monitoring system includes: A pressure sensor is embedded in the base layer of the tire tread to collect ground pressure data in real time. The wireless transmission unit is used to wirelessly transmit the ground pressure data to the computing module; The calculation module is used to calculate the pressure distribution and wear parameters, and compare them with the data in the pre-built database to obtain the wear level.

[0025] The pressure sensor is a flexible thin-film piezoresistive sensor with a single-point size of 10mm×10mm, a thickness of 0.8mm, a range of 0~1.5MPa, and a temperature resistance range of -40℃~120℃. The array arrangement involves embedding a sensor grid (two longitudinal columns covering the width of the tread and five transverse columns distributed along the circumference) in the inner layer of the tire tread to ensure full tread coverage. The surface of the pressure sensor is covered with a polyurethane protective layer (1mm thick) to prevent mechanical damage caused by rubber wear.

[0026] Pressure sensor installation process: 1) During the tire manufacturing stage, the sensor array is pre-embedded between the tread rubber and the belt layer; 2) A high-temperature vulcanization process (150℃×10min) is used to bond the sensor to the rubber, ensuring signal transmission stability; 3) Each row of sensors is connected to the data acquisition node inside the wheel hub via a flexible FPC circuit.

[0027] The sampling frequency is 200Hz (automatically increased to 500Hz when the vehicle speed is >60km / h).

[0028] The calculation module performs wear analysis calculations, including: 1) High-frequency pressure monitoring: In the tire tread contact area, an 8×4 array of micro-pressure sensors is uniformly deployed circumferentially and radially. A fixed sampling frequency of 200Hz is set to collect pressure data of the tread contact area in real time during tire operation. Spatial coordinates (x,y) and time parameter t are recorded simultaneously to construct a three-dimensional pressure distribution matrix P(x,y,t). Taking the vehicle's constant speed of 60km / h as an example, 32 sets of pressure sensor data are acquired in a single sampling period to generate a 32×32 instantaneous pressure distribution matrix, accurately capturing the magnitude and lateral offset of the tread contact pressure, providing raw data support for subsequent wear quantification calculations.

[0029] Establish the pressure distribution matrix P(x,y,t).

[0030] 2) Quantification of wear characteristics: 1. Calculate the sensor center offset ΔCOP = ||∫∫p(x,y)xdxdy||; By taking effective pressure data from a single frame and performing integral calculations on the tread ground pressure field, substituting the coordinates x and y into the spatial coordinate interval, the offset value is obtained through numerical integration, thus achieving a quantitative characterization of tread wear and uneven wear.

[0031] 2. Extraction of grounding pressure parameter F: The instantaneous ground pressure F is obtained by averaging the pressure data collected by the array sensor, using the following formula: (In this example, n=32).

[0032] 3) Decision output: By comparing the data accumulated from simulated wear tests with the existing database, a classification system (levels 1-3) was established: Level 1 (Green Normal): Grounding pressure center offset ΔCOP≤1.5mm and F∈230±25kPa.

[0033] Level 2 (Yellow, moderate wear): ΔCOP∈1.5mm~3.0mm and F∈190~229kPa.

[0034] Level 3 (Red Severe Wear): ΔCOP > 3.0 mm or F < 190 kPa.

[0035] Wireless transmission unit: Protocol: BLE 5.2 + UWB (dual-mode anti-interference), transmission interval 100ms; Data packet format: includes tire ID, pressure matrix (20 bytes after compression), and wear level.

[0036] Self-powered system: 1) Energy harvesting: Piezoelectric fiber (PZT-5H) is embedded in the tire sidewall, generating 0.5mJ of electricity per deformation; The electromagnetic induction coil (embedded in the hub) generates a peak voltage of 3V when rotating.

[0037] 2) Energy storage management: The supercapacitor (5F@3V) stores energy, supporting continuous system operation for ≥30 days.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, a pressure-sensing-based intelligent tire wear monitoring method, applicable to the aforementioned pressure-sensing-based intelligent tire wear monitoring system, includes the following steps: The pressure sensors are arranged in an array inside the tire; Conduct tire wear simulation tests, collect ground pressure data during the wear process, and save the data to a database; During vehicle operation, the sensor array transmits ground pressure data to the computing module via a wireless transmission unit; The calculation module calculates the pressure distribution and wear parameters of the ground pressure data and compares them with the data in the constructed database to obtain the wear level. The wear level will be displayed in different colors on the in-vehicle screen to indicate the risk.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the interaction method is as follows: Level 1 Interaction – Central Control Screen Prompt: When tire pressure exceeds the threshold or abnormal wear is detected, a yellow warning icon will pop up on the vehicle's infotainment screen, along with the specific tire location and suggested measures (e.g., for minor wear, the prompt "Recommended for next maintenance check").

[0040] Secondary Interaction – Voice Reminder: The in-vehicle voice assistant (such as “Xiao X”) will proactively announce: “Severe wear has been detected on the left front tire. Please check and replace it promptly.” Level 3 Interaction - Speed ​​and Torque Limit: Triggers a red alert and limits vehicle speed and torque.

[0041] Level 4 Interaction – Mobile App Push: Sends a warning notification to the user's mobile phone via the vehicle networking module (such as T-Box), along with wear data, remaining lifespan percentage, and recommendations for nearby repair shops; simultaneously pushes a phone call to the repair shop to contact the user to replace the tire. If the user still does not handle the issue, the vehicle speed limit is reduced to below 10km / h.

[0042] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of this disclosure, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent disclosure. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this disclosure, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A pressure-sensing-based intelligent tire wear monitoring system, characterized in that, Includes pressure sensors, computing modules, and wireless transmission units; The pressure sensor is installed in the base layer of the tire tread and is used to collect ground pressure data in real time. The wireless transmission unit is used to wirelessly transmit the ground pressure data to the computing module; The calculation module is used to calculate the pressure distribution and wear parameters based on the ground pressure data, and compare them with the data in the constructed database to obtain the wear level.

2. The intelligent tire wear monitoring system based on pressure sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensor is a flexible thin-film piezoresistive sensor, and there are multiple of them arranged in an array to form a sensor array.

3. The intelligent tire wear monitoring system based on pressure sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that, During the tire manufacturing stage, the sensor array is pre-embedded between the tread rubber and the belt layer; a high-temperature vulcanization process is used to bond the pressure sensors to the rubber; each row of pressure sensors is connected to the data acquisition node inside the wheel hub via a flexible FPC circuit.

4. The intelligent tire wear monitoring system based on pressure sensing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wireless transmission unit includes a wireless transmitting module and a wireless receiving module. The wireless transmitting module is connected to the data acquisition node, and the wireless receiving module is connected to the computing module.

5. The intelligent tire wear monitoring system based on pressure sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation module establishes a pressure distribution matrix based on the ground pressure data collected in real time by the sensor array, calculates the sensor center offset, extracts the pressure F parameter to characterize the wear condition, and performs a classification after comparing with the database.

6. The intelligent tire wear monitoring system based on pressure sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wear levels include Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3, which represent normal, moderate, and severe wear, respectively.

7. The intelligent tire wear monitoring system based on pressure sensing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation module is connected to the vehicle's large screen and displays the wear level on the screen using different colors: green for level 1, yellow for level 2, and red for level 3.

8. The intelligent tire wear monitoring system based on pressure sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a self-powered system, which comprises piezoelectric fibers embedded in the tire sidewall and an electromagnetic induction coil embedded in the wheel hub; the piezoelectric fibers generate electricity through deformation; and the electromagnetic induction coil generates a peak voltage when rotating.

9. The intelligent tire wear monitoring system based on pressure sensing according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a supercapacitor that powers the pressure sensor and the wireless transmission unit, the supercapacitor being used to store energy generated by the self-powered system.

10. A pressure-sensing-based intelligent tire wear monitoring method, applicable to the pressure-sensing-based intelligent tire wear monitoring system as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The pressure sensors are arranged in an array inside the tire; Conduct tire wear simulation tests, collect ground pressure data during the wear process, and save the data to a database; During vehicle operation, the sensor array transmits ground pressure data to the computing module via a wireless transmission unit; The calculation module calculates the pressure distribution and wear parameters of the ground pressure data, and compares them with the data in the constructed database to obtain the wear level; The wear level will be displayed in different colors on the in-vehicle screen to indicate the risk.

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