A special vehicle with functions of wheel-type cross-country and sled skiing

Abstract

The application discloses a special vehicle with functions of wheel-type cross-country and sled skiing, which comprises a frame, front wheels and rear wheels installed on the frame, a power system for driving and a transmission system for switching driving modes, a front sled assembly arranged at the front wheels, the front sled assembly comprising front sled plates coaxially arranged with the front wheels and following the front wheels to turn, and a driving device for driving the front sled plates to rotate around the front wheel shaft, a side sled assembly comprising a lifting device installed on the frame and side sled plates arranged on the lifting ends of the lifting device, so that the side sled plates are moved between the storage position and the working position by the lifting device, and a tail wheel connected with the rear wheels through a transmission device and adjusted to rotate around the rear wheel shaft by an adjusting device. The application can realize the switching of multiple modes and can be used for not only the wheel-type cross-country but also the skiing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of transportation technology, and in particular to a special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and sled skiing functions. Background Technology

[0002] Existing snow transportation and recreational tools mainly include motorized / electric tracked sleds, traditional human- and animal-powered sleds, and skis. Among them, motorized snowmobiles, which have the largest market share, have certain advantages in speed and agility and can adapt to snow of varying hardness, but they still have the following significant drawbacks in practical applications:

[0003] (1) The problem of seasonal idleness is prominent: the existing snowmobiles are designed for icy and snowy roads and are only useful during the three to four months of the snow season. During the spring, summer and autumn seasons, they can only be idle for a long time, resulting in extremely low equipment utilization and increasing the overall holding cost for users.

[0004] (2) High structural resistance, making it impossible to achieve true autonomous inertial skiing: Existing snowmobiles generally adopt a three-point support structure of "front double steering skis + rear long elliptical tracks". When facing a slope drop and performing unpowered gravity descent, the chassis cannot disengage from the tracks, and the tracks themselves will generate great mechanical resistance, causing the vehicle to barely glide on extremely steep slopes, thus losing the pure gravity skiing experience.

[0005] (3) High riding threshold, limited comfort and audience: Most existing snowmobiles adopt a straddle design, usually only for two people to ride, and require the driver to have certain skills and physical flexibility. At the same time, the straddle structure causes the rider to have to ride against the wind and snow at high speed, resulting in a very poor cold-weather experience, making it basically impossible for the elderly, children and women to use. In addition, if the motorized snowmobile is changed to a pure electric tracked snowmobile, it will face further performance shortcomings such as power output attenuation and poor continuity.

[0006] In addition, existing animal-powered sleds (such as dog sleds and reindeer sleds) are slow, have a mediocre riding experience, and are limited by physical strength and terrain slope, so they are mostly limited to sightseeing experiences in scenic areas; while traditional single / double skis have a very high technical threshold, requiring professional guidance and sufficient physical strength, and are also suitable for a very limited group of people.

[0007] In conclusion, there is an urgent need for an all-terrain vehicle that breaks free from the constraints of conventional sled structures, can be used in all seasons, and has multi-modal switching capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This application aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the aforementioned technologies.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application proposes a special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and skiing functions, comprising: a frame, a front wheel and a rear wheel mounted on the frame, a power system for driving, and a transmission system for switching driving modes. The vehicle is characterized by further comprising: a front ski assembly disposed at the front wheel, the front ski assembly including a front ski plate coaxially arranged with the front wheel and following the steering of the front wheel, and a drive device for driving the front ski plate to rotate around the axle of the front wheel; wherein the front ski plate has a mudguard position above the front wheel and a skiing position below the front wheel; a side ski assembly including a lifting device mounted on the frame and a side ski plate disposed at the lifting end of the lifting device, for moving the side ski plate between a stowed position and a working position via the lifting device, wherein in the working position, the side ski plate is at least partially moved to the bottom of the rear wheel; and a tail wheel connected to the rear wheel via a transmission device, and the tail wheel is adjusted to rotate around the axle of the rear wheel via an adjustment device.

[0010] In addition, the special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and skiing functions as described above according to this application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the front wheel is equipped with a front half-shaft, a front axle housing sleeved outside the front half-shaft, and a steering knuckle; the steering knuckle is hinged to the end of the front axle housing and is provided with a steering horn shaft, the steering horn shaft being connected to the steering tie rod in the steering system; the drive device is disposed on the steering knuckle; the front skid is rotatably disposed on the steering knuckle, and the drive end of the drive device is connected to the front skid.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the driving device includes a worm gear, a worm, and a drive motor, wherein the worm gear is rotatably sleeved on the steering knuckle and coaxially connected to the front skid; the worm is mounted on the steering knuckle and connected to the worm gear; and the output end of the drive motor is connected to the worm.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: the lifting device includes a fixed plate, a first telescopic rod, a first rotating arm, and a first damping rod, wherein the fixed plate is disposed on the vehicle frame; the first rotating arm and the first damping rod are arranged side by side and pivotally disposed on the fixed plate on the same side, and pivotally connected to the side skid on the other side; one end of the first telescopic rod is pivotally disposed on the vehicle frame, and the other end is pivotally connected to the first rotating arm.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: the rear wheel is equipped with a rear half-shaft and a rear axle housing sleeved outside the rear half-shaft; the tail wheel is equipped with a tail half-shaft and a tail axle housing sleeved outside the tail half-shaft; the transmission device includes a transmission cover and a transmission structure, wherein the transmission structure is respectively connected to the rear half-shaft and the tail half-shaft; the transmission cover is disposed outside the transmission structure and is rotatably connected to the rear axle housing and the tail axle housing respectively.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: the adjustment device includes a second rotating arm, a second telescopic rod, and a second damping rod, wherein the second rotating arm is rotatably mounted on the vehicle frame; one end of the second telescopic rod is pivotally mounted on the vehicle frame, and the other end is pivotally connected to the second rotating arm; the second damping rod is pivotally connected to the outer wall of the transmission device, and the other end is pivotally connected to the second rotating arm.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution: the rear wheel is provided with an external hub clutch for cutting off the transmission path, wherein the external hub clutch is located at the outer end of the rear half-shaft; the external hub clutch has an engaged state and a disengaged state, and in the disengaged state, the rear half-shaft is disconnected from the rear wheel hub.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution: the rear wheel and the tail wheel are provided with detachable tracks.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution: the transmission system includes a transfer case, a front drive shaft, and a rear drive shaft, wherein the input end of the transfer case is connected to the power system; the input ends of the front drive shaft and the rear drive shaft are respectively connected to the output end of the transfer case; the output end of the front drive shaft is connected to the front wheel drive, and the output end of the rear drive shaft is connected to the rear wheel drive.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution: the side-mounted sled assembly and the adjustment device are detachably mounted on the frame; the transmission device is detachably mounted on the rear wheel.

[0020] The special vehicle based on this application, which combines wheeled off-road and skiing functions, has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The front skis of the front ski assembly can be flipped by the drive device. In the non-snow season, it is used as a mudguard to prevent mud and dirt. In the snow season, it can be rotated 180 degrees to the front wheel to act as a steering ski. With the quick-disassembly side ski assembly and tail wheel, it can be driven as an ordinary off-road vehicle when there is no snow in the three seasons. This not only eliminates the seasonal idleness of mechanical equipment and reduces the repeated investment of users, but also achieves the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction by quick disassembly and weight reduction.

[0022] (2) The side-mounted ski assembly, through the setting of the lifting device, can be simultaneously shifted backward and downward and placed on the bottom of the rear wheel when it is falling to work, so that the rear wheel is completely separated from the snow surface and driven by the tail wheel, thereby avoiding the problem of large resistance caused by the long elliptical track. In addition, through the damping buffer design of the first damping rod, the rear end of the side ski plate can work together with the shock-absorbing arch of the vehicle tire when it is compressed and contracted, ensuring that the rear wheel does not swing in the air and is integrated with the ski plate, giving the vehicle excellent inertial skiing smoothness.

[0023] (3) The front wheel, rear wheel and tail wheel are set up, and through the setting of the external hub clutch and device, not only can the conventional two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive be switched, but also the six-wheel drive can be achieved. In extremely bad snow conditions, rubber tracks can be added to the outside of the rear wheel and tail wheel, and combined with the front skid plate to form a tracked skid with high grip. Its multiple drive forms enable it to adapt to all terrains.

[0024] (4) It changes the high requirements of physical strength and skills of traditional straddle-mounted snowmobiles, and skiers of all ages (including the elderly and children) can quickly achieve driving. Its multi-purpose off-road capability can be applied to various usage scenarios such as security patrol, forest economic operation, agricultural and livestock breeding and heavy snow areas.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and sled skiing functions according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and skiing functions according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a side view structural schematic diagram of a special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and sled skiing functions according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 This is an exploded schematic diagram of a front sled assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the off-season use of a special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and skiing functions according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 6 This is an enlarged structural diagram of part A according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a side-mounted sled assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustment device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the winter use of a special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and skiing functions according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the winter use of a special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and skiing functions according to another embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the winter use of a special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and skiing functions according to another embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the rear wheel raised state of a special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and sled skiing functions according to another embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a transmission cover according to an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 15 This is a partial enlarged structural diagram of B according to an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 16 This is a top view of the tail wheel top tail axle housing according to an embodiment of this application;

[0043] As shown in the figure:

[0044] 100. Frame; 200. Front wheel; 201. Front half-shaft; 202. Front axle housing; 203. Steering knuckle; 204. Steering spur; 205. Steering tie rod; 300. Rear wheel; 301. Rear half-shaft; 302. Rear axle housing; 3021. First flange; 3022. Second flange; 303. External hub clutch; 400. Transmission system; 500. Front sled assembly; 510. Front sled; 511. Guide rib; 512. Support column; 520. Drive unit; 521. Worm gear; 522. Worm; 523. Drive motor; 600. Side-mounted Sled assembly; 610, side sled plate; 620, lifting device; 621, fixing plate; 622, first telescopic rod; 623, first rotating arm; 624, first damping rod; 700, tail wheel; 701, tail half-shaft; 7011, second bearing; 702, tail axle housing; 703, track; 800, transmission device; 810, transmission cover; 8101, cover body; 811, shield; 812, fitting ring; 813, first bearing; 820, transmission structure; 900, adjusting device; 910, second rotating arm; 920, second telescopic rod; 930, second damping rod. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0046] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, describes a special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and sled skiing functions according to an embodiment of this application.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the special vehicle in this application embodiment that combines wheeled off-road and skiing functions may include a frame 100, a front wheel 200 and a rear wheel 300 mounted on the frame 100, a power system for driving, a transmission system 400 for switching driving modes, a steering system for adjusting the rotation angle, a braking system, a driver's cab, and other functions necessary for conventional vehicles.

[0048] The power system can be either fuel-powered or electric-powered depending on the actual situation, thereby improving the adaptability of the entire device to different environments.

[0049] The special vehicle that combines wheeled off-road and sled skiing functions according to the present application embodiment further includes: a front sled assembly 500 disposed at the front wheel 200. The front sled assembly 500 includes a front sled 510 coaxially disposed with the front wheel 200 and following the rotation of the front wheel 200, and a drive device 520 for driving the front sled 510 to rotate around the axis of the front wheel 200. The front sled 510 has a mudguard position above the front wheel 200 and a skiing position below the front wheel 200.

[0050] It should be noted that during the off-season, the front skis 510 can be adjusted to the mud-blocking position to prevent mud from splashing during driving; during the snow season, the front skis 510 can be adjusted to the skiing position, in which case the front skis 510 is used as a steering skis to achieve snow steering function.

[0051] As one possible scenario, such as Figure 4 As shown, a guide ridge 511 is provided at the center of the outer arc surface of the front skid 510 to assist in guidance when the front skid 510 is adjusted to the skiing position. That is, when the front skid 510 is switched to the skiing position, the guide ridge 511 is embedded in the snow surface to form a linear guide track. When the driver controls the front wheel 200 to turn through the steering system, the front skid 510 follows the front wheel 200 to turn synchronously. The guide ridge 511 can limit the lateral slip of the front skid 510, significantly improve the steering response speed and steering accuracy, and prevent the vehicle from overturning when skiing at high speed or making sharp turns.

[0052] In addition, such as Figure 10 As shown, to ensure the structural strength and stability of the front skid after position adjustment, multiple support columns 512 are provided on the side of the front skid 510 away from the front wheel 200. These support columns 512 are arranged radially, with their outer ends fixedly connected to the outer edge of the front skid 510, and their inner ends converging and fixedly connected to the outer ring of a bearing. The inner ring of the bearing is fixedly fitted onto the journal of the steering knuckle of the front wheel 200, allowing the front skid 510 to rotate smoothly around the axis of the front wheel 200. This support structure evenly distributes the impact load on the front skid 510 to the entire outer edge, effectively preventing deformation or vibration of the front skid 510 during high-speed skiing, and significantly improving its impact resistance and service life.

[0053] The side-mounted sled assembly 600 includes a lifting device 620 mounted on the frame 100 and a side sled 610 disposed at the lifting end of the lifting device 620, so that the side sled 610 can be moved between a stowed position and a working position by the lifting device 620. In the working position, the side sled 610 moves at least partially to the bottom of the rear wheel 300, raising the rear wheel 300 so that it is off the ground. In the stowed position, the side sled 610 moves upward and is in a stowed state.

[0054] like Figure 13 As shown, the tail wheel 700 is connected to the rear wheel 300 through the transmission device 800, and the tail wheel 700 is rotated around the axis of the rear wheel 300 through the adjustment device 900. The rear wheel 300 is provided with an external hub clutch 303 for cutting off the power transmission end.

[0055] It should be noted that the external hub clutch 303 is a purely mechanical clutch device installed outside the wheel hub, also known as a shaft head lock or wheel-side clutch. Its core structure includes an internal gear ring fixed to the end of the half-shaft, an external gear ring fixed to the inside of the wheel hub, an axially sliding engagement sleeve, and an external manual adjustment knob. Its working principle is that rotating the external knob drives the engagement sleeve to move axially, realizing the engagement or disengagement of the internal and external gear rings, thereby completing the connection or power cut-off between the half-shaft and the wheel to adapt to different driving needs. It includes a locked state and a free state. In the locked state, the half-shaft and the wheel... The hub is locked together by gear meshing, and power can be transmitted from the half shaft to the wheel. In the free state, the connection between the half shaft and the hub is cut off, and the wheel can rotate freely, thereby reducing driving resistance, reducing fuel consumption and steering heaviness. Because of its extremely simple structure, extremely high reliability, no need for electronic control, extremely low maintenance cost, and stable operation in extreme and harsh environments, it is used in vehicles such as the Beijing BJ212 light off-road vehicle, Toyota Land Cruiser, and Jeep Cherokee. As a mature existing technology, the external hub clutch 303 will not be elaborated on further.

[0056] It is understandable that when the external hub clutch 303 is used to cut off the power transmission path in this application (i.e., the operator rotates the external manual adjustment knob to drive the engagement sleeve to move axially, thereby separating the internal gear ring and the external gear ring, and thus separating the power of the rear wheel), the rear wheel 300 will not rotate with the power transmission, while the transmission device 800 can still transmit power, so that the tail wheel 700 keeps rotating.

[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, under normal conditions during the non-snowy season, this application can be used as a regular wheeled off-road vehicle.

[0058] The mudguard function is performed by adjusting the front sled plate 510 in the front sled assembly 500 to a mudguard position above the front wheel 200.

[0059] The lifting device 620 of the side-mounted ski assembly 600 is in the storage position, and the side skis 610 are folded up on the side of the frame 100 to keep them away from the ground, or the side-mounted ski assembly 600 can be disassembled directly.

[0060] The tail wheel 700 can be swung upwards and retracted by adjusting the device 900 so that it does not contact the ground, or the tail wheel 700, transmission device 800 and adjusting device 900 can be disassembled directly.

[0061] At this time, the external hub clutch 303 is engaged, and the power system transmits power to the front wheel 200 and / or the rear wheel 300 through the transmission system 400 to achieve two-wheel drive or four-wheel drive. The vehicle relies entirely on the front wheel 200 and the rear wheel 300 to drive on non-snow terrain such as ordinary roads, urban roads, flat country roads, mud, and gravel.

[0062] In addition, when driving on extreme off-road terrains such as swamps, sand dunes, grasslands, and rocky beaches during the non-snow season, the front skid 510 can be adjusted to the mudguard position, the side skid assembly 600 can be stored or directly removed, and the tail wheel 700 can be adjusted to the ground position via the adjustment device 900. At this time, the external hub clutch 303 is engaged.

[0063] The transmission system 400 distributes power simultaneously to the front wheel 200, the rear wheel 300, and the tail wheel 700, achieving six-wheel drive. In this mode, the ground contact area is maximized and the traction is strongest, enabling it to adapt to the harshest off-road terrain and meet the special operational needs of forest patrols, border patrols, and other similar situations. Furthermore, depending on the specific terrain conditions, detachable tracks 703 can be added to the rear wheel 300 and the tail wheel 700 to enhance passability.

[0064] Under normal conditions during the snow season, such as Figure 10 As shown, this application can be switched to sled mode to obtain optimal gliding and passing performance.

[0065] First, the relevant personnel control the drive device 520 to rotate the front ski 510 around the axis of the front wheel 200, so that it switches from the mudguard position to the skiing position located under the front wheel 200. At this time, the bottom of the front ski 510 contacts the snow surface, and the front wheel 200 is lifted off the snow.

[0066] Next, the lifting device 620 of the side-mounted sled assembly 600 is activated, which drives the side sled 610 to move downward and backward from the storage position until it reaches the working position. At this time, the side sled 610 slides to the bottom of the rear wheel 300, and the rear wheel 300 is completely detached from the snow surface.

[0067] Subsequently, the adjusting device 900 swings the tail wheel 700 downward to the working angle, so that it contacts the snow surface.

[0068] In this mode, the external hub clutch 303 switches to the disengaged state, cutting off the power connection between the rear wheel 300 and the hub. At this time, the power of the power system is transmitted directly from the axle of the rear wheel 300 to the tail wheel 700 through the transmission system 400 and the transmission device 800, driving the tail wheel 700 to work and propelling the vehicle forward smoothly. Since the rear wheel 300 is lifted and has no power, the vehicle achieves minimal sliding resistance through the cooperation of the front skis 510, the side skis 610 and the tail wheel 700, enabling a gravity-based inertia skiing experience and solving the problem of high resistance in traditional tracked skis.

[0069] In addition, on flat snow or slightly downhill sections, this application can not only provide continuous propulsion, but also achieve dynamic inertial propulsion skiing with a great sense of rhythm and driving pleasure through intervention. Its control mechanism is similar to that of a skier using ski poles to gain initial kinetic energy and then skiing downhill.

[0070] The specific working process is as follows: Before entering the skiing state, the vehicle is supported by the front skis 510 and the side skis 610. At this time, the driver operates the adjustment device 900 to make the tail wheel 700 rotate upward and lift off the snow surface (for example, it can be adjusted to be 60cm off the ground). At the same time, the power system drives the suspended tail wheel 700 to keep rotating through the transmission device 800.

[0071] Then the driver actively controls the adjustment device 900 to drive the tail wheel 700 to rotate downwards and fall into the snow. When the tail wheel 700 contacts the snow, its rotational kinetic energy is converted into forward thrust, causing the vehicle to accelerate forward.

[0072] After the vehicle gains sufficient initial speed, the driver reverses the control device 900 to quickly lift the tail wheel 700 up again, allowing it to leave the snow surface. At this point, the vehicle can perform long-distance autonomous inertial skiing on the snow.

[0073] As the inertial gliding speed gradually decreases, the driver can again control the tail wheel 700 to drop via the adjustment device 900, and so on.

[0074] This intermittent power intervention mode, in which the driver actively controls the tail wheel 700 to "rise, fall, and push" via the adjustment device 900, can simulate the movements of skiing on single or double skis. It not only reduces the gliding resistance on flat or gentle slopes, bringing a smooth skiing experience, but also greatly enriches the driving pleasure of human-computer interaction.

[0075] In the enhanced snow season mode, such as Figure 11 As shown, for example, when encountering extremely deep and soft snow conditions, the front ski board 510 of the front ski assembly 500 is still held in a skiing position below the front wheel 200 by the drive unit 520, and is used as a steering ski.

[0076] The lifting device 620 of the side-mounted sled assembly 600 drives the side sled 610 to retract to the storage position, so that the rear wheel 300 can regain contact with the snow surface.

[0077] The adjusting device 900 swings the tail wheel 700 downward to the working angle so that it contacts the snow surface. At this time, the rear wheel 300 and the tail wheel 700 form a grounding fulcrum.

[0078] The external hub clutch 303 is engaged, and the power of the power system is transmitted to the rear wheel 300 through the transmission system 400. Then, the tail wheel 700 is driven synchronously through the transmission device 800. Together with the front skid 510, a forward-sliding and rear-drive propulsion posture is formed, which greatly improves traction and can cope with severe snow conditions such as deep snow.

[0079] Furthermore, such as Figure 12 As shown, the rear wheel 300 and tail wheel 700 can obtain a significantly increased ground contact area and grip through the track system. For example, by adding detachable tracks 703 to the rear wheel 300 and tail wheel 700, a significantly increased ground contact area and extremely low ground contact specific pressure can be obtained, which greatly improves the vehicle's grip and passability.

[0080] The inner ring of track 703 is evenly provided with meshing teeth that are adapted to the wheel rim, and the outer ring is provided with deep serrated anti-slip pattern. The outer side of the tires of the rear wheel 300 and the tail wheel 700 are pre-made with annular track mounting slots. During installation, the meshing teeth of track 703 are embedded into the slots of the two wheels.

[0081] It should be noted that in order to achieve effective drive of the track 703, only one of the rear wheel 300 or the tail wheel 700 needs to be used as the drive wheel. It is not necessary for both to have driving capabilities at the same time. For example, when the tail wheel is used as the drive wheel, the external hub clutch 303 on the rear wheel 300 can be adjusted to a free state to disconnect the connection between the rear half shaft 301 and the rear wheel. The power is transmitted to the tail wheel 700 through the rear half shaft 301 and the transmission device 800, and the tail wheel 700 drives the track 703 to rotate.

[0082] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the front wheel 200 is equipped with a front half shaft 201, a front axle housing 202 sleeved on the front half shaft 201, and a steering knuckle 203; the steering knuckle 203 is hinged to the end of the front axle housing 202 and is provided with a steering horn shaft 204, which is connected to the steering tie rod 205 in the steering system.

[0083] The drive unit 520 is mounted on the steering knuckle 203, the front skid 510 is rotatably mounted on the steering knuckle 203, and the drive end of the drive unit 520 is connected to the front skid 510.

[0084] The drive unit 520 includes a worm gear 521, a worm 522, and a drive motor 523.

[0085] The worm gear 521 is rotatably mounted on the steering knuckle 203 and coaxially connected to the front skid 510. The worm 522 is mounted on the steering knuckle 203 and connected to the worm gear 521. The output end of the drive motor 523 is connected to the worm 522.

[0086] Understandably, when the position of the front skis 510 needs to be adjusted, the relevant personnel control the drive motor 523 to drive the worm gear 522 to rotate, thereby causing the worm wheel 521 to drive the front skis 510 to rotate, so as to adjust the mudguard position and the skiing position.

[0087] It should be noted that the drive device 520 in this embodiment can not only achieve a large reduction ratio in a small installation space and obtain a large enough torque to drive the front skid 510 to rotate, but also has a reverse self-locking function. When the drive motor 523 stops rotating, the front skid 510 will be automatically locked in the current position and will not rotate due to external force, thus ensuring working stability in both mud-blocking and skiing conditions.

[0088] As one possible scenario, for a conventional vehicle (e.g., two front wheels 200), there are two front sled assemblies 500, with each front sled assembly 500 positioned at the corresponding front wheel 200 location.

[0089] As another possible scenario, for motorcycle-style narrow-body snowmobiles or tricycle-style snowmobiles, there is only one front wheel 200 at the front, and correspondingly, the front snowmobile assembly 500 is a single unit.

[0090] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, the lifting device 620 includes a fixed plate 621, a first telescopic rod 622, a first rotating arm 623, and a first damping rod 624.

[0091] The fixed plate 621 is mounted on the frame 100. The first rotating arm 623 and the first damping rod 624 are arranged side by side and pivotally mounted on the fixed plate 621 on the same side. The other side is pivotally connected to the side ski plate 610. One end of the first telescopic rod 622 is pivotally mounted on the frame 100, and the other end is pivotally connected to the first rotating arm 623.

[0092] It should be noted that the first telescopic rod 622 can be an electric push rod or a hydraulic push rod, with a self-locking function, and can be locked at any stroke position; the first damping rod 624 is a hydraulic damping rod (such as a gas spring / hydraulic support rod) with an integrated return spring. It is normally in a fully extended state, and the built-in return spring always provides an outward extension thrust, thus ensuring that the length of the first damping rod 624 will not increase during the storage position and position adjustment process. When in the working position, it is behind the side skid plate 610. When the end is lifted by obstacles or snow, the force can be shared by the rebound of the first damping rod 624 and the shock absorption mechanism of the rear wheel 300 (such as shock absorber plate, air shock absorber or damping spring shock absorber and other shock absorbers), which ensures the stability of the side skis 610 and prevents the rear wheel 300 from swaying in the air. To further ensure the stability of the rear wheel and avoid safety hazards or unstable swaying due to the rear wheel 300 and tail wheel 700 sharing the shock absorption mechanism, the rear wheel can be improved by adding a four-bar linkage mechanism to enhance the overall stability performance.

[0093] Specifically, when in the retracted position, the first telescopic rod 622 is in a fully retracted state, pulling the first rotating arm 623 upward to the highest point, causing the side skid 610 to be completely retracted to the side of the frame 100. At this time, the bottom of the side skid 610 is higher than the bottom of the rear wheel 300 and has no contact with the rear wheel 300.

[0094] When it is necessary to adjust the side skid 610 from the storage position to the working position, the relevant personnel control the first telescopic rod 622 to extend and push the first rotating arm 623 to rotate downward, thereby causing the first rotating arm 623 and the first damping rod 624 to rotate, so that the side skid 610 moves downward and backward until it reaches the bottom of the rear wheel 300.

[0095] In actual operation, the vehicle can provide a slight lift through its own rear wheel 300 suspension system to further reduce the resistance of the side skid 610 sliding under the rear wheel 300. Alternatively, the rear wheel 300 can be lifted by raising the frame 100 or by driving the tail wheel 700 to swing backward and downward and support it on the ground through the adjustment device 900, so that the tail wheel 700 forms a fulcrum with the ground, thereby facilitating the movement of the side skid 610 under the rear wheel 300.

[0096] As one possible scenario, there are two lifting devices 620, which are respectively located on both sides of the frame 100 and positioned between the front wheel 200 and the rear wheel 300 to provide lateral stability via two side skids 610.

[0097] As another possibility, the lifting device 620 is a single unit, and the width of the side skid plate 610 covers the width of the frame 100. For example, for narrow-track models (such as motorcycle-style narrow-body skis) or small single-person skis, since the frame 100 is narrow, a single lifting device 620 combined with a wide side skid plate 610 that covers the entire width of the frame 100 can achieve overall support for the rear of the frame 100.

[0098] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the rear wheel 300 is equipped with a rear half-shaft 301 and a rear axle housing 302 sleeved outside the rear half-shaft 301; the tail wheel 700 is equipped with a tail half-shaft 701 and a tail axle housing 702 sleeved outside the tail half-shaft 701.

[0099] The transmission device 800 includes a transmission cover 810 and a transmission structure 820.

[0100] The transmission structure 820 is connected to the rear half-shaft 301 and the tail half-shaft 701 respectively. The transmission cover 810 is disposed outside the transmission structure 820 and is rotatably connected to the rear axle housing 302 and the tail axle housing 702 respectively.

[0101] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the transmission cover 810 adopts a detachable split structure. The transmission cover 810 includes two upper and lower covers that are locked together by bolts. The front end of the transmission cover 810 is connected to the rear axle housing 302, and the rear end is connected to the tail axle housing.

[0102] Specifically, a shield 811 is provided on the rear axle housing 302. The shield 811 has a semi-circular groove. The semi-circular groove is spliced ​​with a semi-circular ring 812 to form a complete circular hole with an internal annular cavity. In order to securely install the shield 811, a first flange 3021 and a second flange 3022 with flanges are provided on the rear axle housing 302.

[0103] During assembly, the flange of the first flange 3021 is embedded in the annular cavity, and the first flange 3021 and the second flange 3022 clamp the annular cavity from both sides (i.e. clamp the shield 811 and the mating ring 812), and lock them with bolts, thereby fixing the shield 811 to the rear axle housing 302.

[0104] A first bearing 813 is fitted on the rear half shaft inside the shield 811. When the front ends of the two covers 8101 are closed, their inner walls just cover and press against the outer ring of the first bearing 813. At the same time, the other ends (i.e., the rear ends) of the two covers 8101 are fixed (e.g., by means of flange installation) on the tail axle housing.

[0105] It is understandable that the front end of the transmission cover 810 forms a rotatable fit with the rear half shaft 301 through the first bearing 813. When the tail wheel is adjusted in height by the adjustment device 900, the transmission cover 810 fixed on the tail axle housing 702 can rotate up and down around the axis of the rear half shaft 301 with the first bearing 813 as the fulcrum.

[0106] It should be noted that the transmission structure 820 can be a drive shaft drive, a sprocket drive, a drive belt drive, or other types of transmission.

[0107] As a preferred embodiment, the transmission structure 820 can preferably be a sprocket drive, that is, the transmission structure 820 includes sprockets and chains, wherein the two sprockets are respectively mounted on the rear half shaft 301 and the tail half shaft 701, and the chain is mounted on the two sprockets to connect the rotation of the two sprockets.

[0108] The external hub clutch 303 is located at the outer end of the rear half-shaft 301. When the external hub clutch 303 is locked, the power system drives the rear half-shaft 301 to rotate. The rear half-shaft 301 drives the rear wheel 300 to rotate through the hub clutch 303, and at the same time drives the transmission structure 820 to rotate, transmitting power to the tail half-shaft 701 to drive the tail wheel 700. At this time, the rear wheel and the tail wheel output power synchronously.

[0109] When the driver switches the external hub clutch 303 to the disengaged state, the rear wheel 300 is disconnected from the rear half-shaft 301. However, since the power system is still driving the rear half-shaft 301 to rotate, the transmission structure 820 on the rear half-shaft 301 continues to operate, transmitting power to the tail wheel 700. This achieves the independent snow drive mode, where the power to the rear wheel is cut off and the rear wheel is driven by a single wheel.

[0110] As a preferred embodiment, the transmission structure 820 is provided in two parts, which are independently connected to the rear wheel 300 and the tail wheel 700 on the left and right sides of the vehicle body, respectively.

[0111] To meet the off-road steering requirements of the vehicle, the rear half-shaft 301 usually adopts a split half-shaft structure with a center differential. When the vehicle is turning or in complex road conditions, the left and right wheels of the rear wheel 300 will rotate at different speeds through the differential. At this time, the independent transmission structures 820 on the left and right sides will respectively transmit the differential power to the left and right rear wheels 700.

[0112] To prevent the tail wheel 700 from experiencing mechanical torsion or structural interference in the tail half-shaft 701 due to asynchronous speeds received by the left and right wheels, such as... Figure 16As shown, the tail half-shaft 701 in this embodiment is also a split structure. Specifically, a second bearing 7011 is respectively arranged between the opposite ends of the left and right tail half-shafts 701. Through the rotational isolation and coaxial support of the second bearing 7011, the left and right tail half-shafts 701 can achieve independent and asynchronous free rotation within the tail axle housing 702, thereby adapting to the differential rotation characteristics of the rear wheels. This allows the two tail wheels 700 to rotate adaptively according to the speed difference of the rear wheels 300, thereby ensuring the smoothness and structural safety of the vehicle transmission system under complex off-road conditions.

[0113] To clearly illustrate the previous embodiment, in one embodiment of this application, the adjusting device 900 includes a second rotating arm 910, a second telescopic rod 920, and a second damping rod 930.

[0114] The second rotating arm 910 is rotatably mounted on the frame 100. One end of the second telescopic rod 920 is pivotally mounted on the frame 100, and the other end is pivotally connected to the second rotating arm 910. The second damping rod 930 is pivotally connected to the outer wall of the transmission device 800, and the other end is pivotally connected to the second rotating arm 910.

[0115] As one possible scenario, the second telescopic rod 920 is an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder with a self-locking function, which can be locked at any stroke position; the second damping rod 930 is a hydraulic damping rod with an integrated return spring, used to absorb the impact vibration generated during the movement of the tail wheel 700.

[0116] It should be noted that when it is necessary to raise the tail wheel 700, the second telescopic rod 920 retracts, pulling the second rotating arm 910 upward. The second rotating arm 910 drives the transmission cover 810 to rotate upward around the axis of the rear half shaft 301 through the second damping rod 930, thereby raising the tail wheel 700. When it is necessary to lower the tail wheel 700, the second telescopic rod 920 extends, pushing the second rotating arm 910 downward. Through the second damping rod 930, the transmission cover 810 and the tail wheel 700 rotate downward until the tail wheel 700 contacts the ground.

[0117] In one embodiment of this application, the transmission system 400 includes a transfer case, a front drive shaft, and a rear drive shaft.

[0118] The input end of the transfer case is connected to the power system, and the input ends of the front drive shaft and the rear drive shaft are respectively connected to the output end of the transfer case. The output end of the front drive shaft is connected to the front wheel 200, and the output end of the rear drive shaft is connected to the rear wheel 300.

[0119] It should be noted that the transfer case can be either a manual mechanical transfer case or an electronically controlled transfer case. Relevant personnel can switch between two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive power modes by controlling the transfer case.

[0120] In one embodiment of this application, the side-mounted sled assembly 600 and the adjustment device 900 are detachably mounted on the frame 100, and the transmission device 800 is detachably mounted on the rear wheel 300.

[0121] Understandably, during the off-season, staff can disassemble the side-mounted ski component 600, transmission device 800, and adjustment device 900, making the vehicle completely equivalent to a regular off-road vehicle. It can drive normally in various non-snow-covered environments, such as highways, city roads, and country lanes, achieving all-season usability. After removing the snow-specific components, the overall vehicle weight is reduced, fuel / energy consumption is lowered, and the vehicle's speed and handling are improved. All detachable parts adopt a quick-release structure, and the disassembly and installation process does not require professional tools or skills, allowing ordinary users to quickly complete the installation or disassembly.

[0122] In one embodiment of this application, in order to further reduce the overall vehicle weight, the front skid 510 and the side skid 610 may be made of carbon fiber, and structural components such as the first rotating arm 623 and the second rotating arm 920 used for rotation and support may be made of aluminum alloy.

[0123] In summary, the special vehicle according to the embodiments of this application, which combines wheeled off-road and sled skiing functions, has a front sled plate 510 of the front sled assembly 500 that can be flipped by the drive device 520. In the non-snowy season, it is used as a mudguard to prevent mud and dirt, and in the snowy season, it can be rotated to act as a steering sled plate under the front wheel 200. With the quick-detachable side sled assembly 600 and tail wheel 700, it can be driven as an ordinary off-road vehicle in the three seasons without snow. This not only eliminates the seasonal idleness of mechanical equipment and reduces the repeated investment of users, but also achieves the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction by quick disassembly and weight reduction.

[0124] The side-mounted ski assembly 600, through the lifting device 620, can simultaneously shift backward and downward during landing and rest on the bottom of the rear wheel 300, so that the rear wheel 300 is completely out of contact with the snow surface and is driven by the tail wheel 700. This avoids the problem of high resistance caused by the long elliptical track. In addition, through the damping and buffering design of the first damping rod 624, the rear end of the side ski plate 610 can work together with the shock absorber of the vehicle tire when compressed and contracted, ensuring that the rear wheel 300 does not swing in the air and is integrated with the ski plate, giving the vehicle excellent inertial skiing smoothness.

[0125] The configuration of the front wheel 200, rear wheel 300, and tail wheel 700, along with the external hub clutch 303, not only enables the switching between conventional two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive, but also allows for six-wheel drive. In extremely harsh snow conditions, rubber tracks can be added to the rear wheel 300 and tail wheel 700, which, together with the front skid 510, form a high-grip tracked skid. Its multiple drive modes give it all-terrain adaptability.

[0126] It changes the high physical and skill requirements of traditional straddle-mounted snowmobiles, allowing skiers of all ages (including the elderly and children) to quickly learn to drive. Its versatility and off-road capabilities can be applied to various scenarios such as security patrols, forestry operations, agriculture and animal husbandry, and heavy snow areas.

[0127] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0128] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0129] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A special vehicle combining wheeled off-road and skiing functions, comprising a frame (100), a front wheel (200) and a rear wheel (300) mounted on the frame (100), and a power system for driving and a transmission system (400) for switching driving modes, characterized in that, Also includes: A front sled assembly (500) is disposed at the front wheel (200). The front sled assembly (500) includes a front sled plate (510) coaxially disposed with the front wheel (200) and following the steering of the front wheel (200), and a drive device (520) for driving the front sled plate (510) to rotate about the axis of the front wheel (200). The front ski board (510) has a mudguard position above the front wheel (200) and a skiing position below the front wheel (200); The side-mounted sled assembly (600) includes a lifting device (620) mounted on the frame (100) and a side sled plate (610) disposed at the lifting end of the lifting device (620) to move the side sled plate (610) between a storage position and a working position via the lifting device (620), wherein, in the working position, the side sled plate (610) is at least partially moved to the bottom of the rear wheel (300); The tail wheel (700) is connected to the rear wheel (300) via a transmission device (800), and the tail wheel (700) is adjusted to rotate around the axis of the rear wheel (300) via an adjustment device (900).

2. The special vehicle combining wheeled off-road and skiing functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The front wheel (200) is equipped with a front half-shaft (201), a front axle housing (202) sleeved on the front half-shaft (201) and a steering knuckle (203). The steering knuckle (203) is hinged to the end of the front axle housing (202) and is provided with a steering knuckle shaft (204), which is connected to the steering tie rod (205) in the steering system; The drive unit (520) is mounted on the steering knuckle (203); The front skid plate (510) is rotatably mounted on the steering knuckle (203), and the drive end of the drive device (520) is connected to the front skid plate (510).

3. The special vehicle combining wheeled off-road and skiing functions as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The drive device (520) includes a worm gear (521), a worm (522), and a drive motor (523), wherein, The worm gear (521) is rotatably sleeved on the steering knuckle (203) and coaxially connected to the front skid (510); The worm (522) is mounted on the steering knuckle (203) and connected to the worm wheel (521); The output end of the drive motor (523) is connected to the worm gear (522).

4. The special vehicle combining wheeled off-road and skiing functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device (620) includes a fixed plate (621), a first telescopic rod (622), a first rotating arm (623), and a first damping rod (624), wherein, The fixing plate (621) is disposed on the frame (100); The first rotating arm (623) and the first damping rod (624) are arranged side by side and pivotally mounted on the fixed plate (621) on the same side, and pivotally connected to the side skid plate (610) on the other side. One end of the first telescopic rod (622) is pivotally mounted on the frame (100), and the other end is pivotally connected to the first rotating arm (623).

5. The special vehicle combining wheeled off-road and skiing functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rear wheel (300) is equipped with a rear half-shaft (301) and a rear axle housing (302) sleeved outside the rear half-shaft (301). The tail wheel (700) is equipped with a tail half shaft (701) and a tail axle housing (702) sleeved outside the tail half shaft (701). The transmission device (800) includes a transmission cover (810) and a transmission structure (820), wherein, The transmission structure (820) connects the rear half-shaft (301) and the tail half-shaft (701) respectively. The transmission cover (810) is disposed outside the transmission structure (820) and is rotatably connected to the rear axle housing (302) and the tail axle housing (702) respectively.

6. The special vehicle combining wheeled off-road and skiing functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting device (900) includes a second rotating arm (910), a second telescopic rod (920), and a second damping rod (930), wherein, The second rotating arm (910) is rotatably mounted on the frame (100); One end of the second telescopic rod (920) is pivotally mounted on the frame (100), and the other end is pivotally connected to the second rotating arm (910); The second damping rod (930) is pivotally connected to the outer wall of the transmission device (800), and the other end is pivotally connected to the second rotating arm (910).

7. The special vehicle combining wheeled off-road and skiing functions as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The rear wheel (300) is equipped with an external hub clutch (303) for cutting off the transmission path, wherein, The external hub clutch (303) is disposed at the outer end of the rear half-shaft (301); the external hub clutch (303) has an engaged state and a disengaged state, and in the disengaged state, the rear half-shaft (301) is disconnected from the rear wheel hub.

8. The special vehicle combining wheeled off-road and skiing functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rear wheel (300) and the tail wheel (700) are provided with detachable tracks (703).

9. The special vehicle combining wheeled off-road and skiing functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission system includes a transfer case, a front drive shaft, and a rear drive shaft, wherein... The input end of the transfer case is connected to the power system; The input ends of the front drive shaft and the rear drive shaft are respectively connected to the output end of the transfer case; The output end of the front drive shaft is connected to the front wheel (200) and the output end of the rear drive shaft is connected to the rear wheel (300).

10. The special vehicle combining wheeled off-road and skiing functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The side-mounted sled assembly (600) and the adjustment device (900) are detachably mounted on the frame (100); The transmission device (800) is detachably mounted on the rear wheel (300).

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