Anchor chain breakage prevention buffer and intelligent monitoring device

Abstract

The application provides an anchor chain breakage prevention buffer and intelligent monitoring device. The anchor chain breakage prevention buffer and intelligent monitoring device comprises a mechanical buffer damper, a staged brake breakage prevention device, an intelligent monitoring and early warning device and a wind power linkage controller. The intelligent monitoring and early warning device is connected with the mechanical buffer damper, the staged brake breakage prevention device and the anchor chain respectively, is used for collecting first state parameters of the anchor chain and second state parameters of the mechanical buffer damper, judging a load peak value of the anchor chain according to the first state parameters, the second state parameters and environmental wind power parameters, and controlling the staged brake breakage prevention device to brake according to the load peak value. The wind power linkage controller is used for obtaining the environmental wind power parameters, and controlling the mechanical buffer damper to work and adjusting monitoring parameters of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device according to the environmental wind power parameters. The anchor chain breakage prevention buffer and intelligent monitoring device can effectively reduce the probability of anchor chain breakage and anchor walking failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine technology, and more specifically, to an anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, large container ships and large roll-on / roll-off ships have freeboard heights exceeding 15 meters and windward hull areas exceeding 5000 square meters. 2 Therefore, during anchoring or berthing, the anchor chain is susceptible to strong winds, gusts and turbulent currents, causing it to bear instantaneous peak loads (up to 80%-120% of the anchor chain breaking force), frequently leading to serious accidents such as anchor chain breakage and anchor dragging, which seriously threaten the safety of ships and ports. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0004] Therefore, the first aspect of the present invention proposes an anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device.

[0005] In view of the above, according to a first aspect of the present invention, an anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device is proposed, wherein the anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device includes: a mechanical buffer damper, which is installed on the anchor chain; a graded braking anti-breakage device, which is installed on the anchor chain; an intelligent monitoring and early warning device, which is connected to the mechanical buffer damper, the graded braking anti-breakage device and the anchor chain respectively, for collecting a first state parameter of the anchor chain and a second state parameter of the mechanical buffer damper, predicting the peak load of the anchor chain based on the first state parameter, the second state parameter and the environmental wind force parameter, and controlling the graded braking anti-breakage device to brake according to the peak load; and a wind force linkage controller, which is connected to the mechanical buffer damper and the intelligent monitoring and early warning device respectively, for acquiring the environmental wind force parameter, controlling the operation of the mechanical buffer damper according to the environmental wind force parameter, and adjusting the monitoring parameters of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device.

[0006] The anchor chain breakage prevention buffer and intelligent monitoring device provided by this invention mainly comprises four components: a mechanical buffer damper, a graded braking breakage prevention device, an intelligent monitoring and early warning device, and a wind-powered linkage controller. The mechanical buffer damper is a composite structure integrating elastic, hydraulic, and limiting components. It is installed on the anchor chain. For example, the mechanical buffer damper can be installed in series on the load path between the anchor winch and the anchor chain, capable of absorbing and dissipating the instantaneous impact load generated during anchor chain operation. The graded braking breakage prevention device is a multi-stage clamping and locking mechanical assembly, coaxially connected in series with the mechanical buffer damper. The anchor chain sequentially passes through the center positions of the mechanical buffer damper and the graded braking breakage prevention device. The graded braking breakage prevention device can be controlled by the intelligent monitoring and early warning device. In response to the control of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device, the graded braking breakage prevention device brakes the anchor chain to prevent breakage. The intelligent monitoring and early warning device is an embedded electronic control structure equipped with sensor probes, a computing motherboard, and signal ports. It connects to the mechanical damper, the graded braking anti-breakage device, and the anchor chain. It can collect in real-time primary state parameters representing the anchor chain's operating status and secondary state parameters reflecting the mechanical damper's operating conditions. The primary state parameters include anchor chain tension, speed, and displacement data; the secondary state parameters include buffer stroke, hydraulic pressure, and equipment temperature data; and environmental wind parameters include wind speed, direction, and pressure. The intelligent monitoring and early warning device combines these three types of parameters with its built-in computing logic to predict the peak anchor chain load and controls the graded braking anti-breakage device to brake the anchor chain accordingly. The wind-driven linkage controller is a parameter control structure with a communication interface and control circuitry. It connects to both the mechanical damper and the intelligent monitoring and early warning device, and is responsible for acquiring environmental wind parameters to adjust the mechanical damper's damping force, buffer range, and other operating parameters, as well as the intelligent monitoring and early warning device's sampling frequency and early warning threshold. The anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device provided by this invention relies on the coordinated operation of mechanical buffer dampers, graded braking anti-breakage devices, intelligent monitoring and early warning devices, and wind-power linkage controllers. It can sense the operating conditions of the anchor chain in real time, predict load risks in advance and carry out protective actions in stages. At the same time, it can automatically adjust its operating status to adapt to different wind environments, effectively reduce the probability of anchor chain breakage and anchor dragging failures, and comprehensively improve the safety and stability of ship anchoring operations.

[0007] In some technical solutions, the mechanical buffer damper may optionally include: a multi-stage elastic buffer mounted on the anchor chain; a hydraulic damping dissipator connected to the multi-stage elastic buffer; and a travel limit protector sleeved on the outside of the multi-stage elastic buffer, forming a mechanical limit engagement with the multi-stage elastic buffer.

[0008] In this technical solution, the mechanical buffer damper consists of a multi-stage elastic buffer, a hydraulic damping dissipator, and a travel limit protector. The multi-stage elastic buffer is mounted on the anchor chain and is an axially stacked columnar elastic load-bearing structure with butt joints at both ends, connected in series between the anchor winch and the anchor chain. It is mainly used to directly absorb the instantaneous impact load generated by the anchor chain. The hydraulic damping dissipator is also mounted on the anchor chain and is a closed hydraulic transmission structure with built-in hydraulic medium. It is coaxially and parallelly connected to the multi-stage elastic buffer, converting the impact load not fully absorbed by the multi-stage elastic buffer into heat energy for dissipation. Coaxial parallel connection means that the axes of the multi-stage elastic buffers coincide and they deform synchronously under stress. The travel limit protector is a ring-shaped clamp-type limit monitoring structure. It is fitted over the multi-stage elastic buffer, forming a mechanical limit engagement structure. This mechanical engagement means the travel limit protector and the multi-stage elastic buffer are in close contact to restrict the range of motion. Simultaneously, the travel limit protector establishes a circuit connection with the intelligent monitoring and early warning device, constraining the maximum buffer stroke of the multi-stage elastic buffer. Once the limit position is reached, an extreme protection signal is sent to the intelligent monitoring and early warning device. This invention, by setting up a dual unloading structure combining elastic energy absorption and hydraulic energy dissipation, and supplemented by an overtravel limit protection mechanism, can smoothly reduce the peak impact load, avoid the problem of instantaneous stress concentration damaging the anchor chain and buffer components, and significantly enhance the reliability of the buffer protection and the service life of the structure.

[0009] In some technical solutions, optionally, the multi-stage elastic buffer is composed of multiple sets of disc springs, with at least one polyurethane buffer ring sleeved on the outside of each disc spring.

[0010] In this technical solution, the multi-stage elastic buffer consists of multiple sets of conical, disc-shaped, high-strength disc springs stacked end-to-end to form a columnar load-bearing body. The series stacking indicates that the springs are sequentially assembled to form an integral load-bearing structure. Each disc spring is fitted with a solid, high-elasticity polyurethane buffer ring. The high-strength disc springs can withstand large-tonnage axial impact loads and undergo elastic deformation to absorb energy. The high-elasticity polyurethane buffer rings are wear-resistant and have excellent resilience, capable of wrapping around the spring structure and deforming synchronously, absorbing high-frequency, small-amplitude vibrations generated during operation. This invention, through the multi-stage elastic buffer composed of multiple sets of disc springs with polyurethane buffer rings on the outside of the disc springs, achieves both high load-bearing capacity and vibration reduction effect. It can absorb most of the instantaneous impact loads of the anchor chain, reduce fatigue wear of the spring structure, effectively weaken impact rebound, and ensure the smooth and orderly operation of the buffering process.

[0011] In some technical solutions, optionally, the hydraulic damping dissipator includes: a hydraulic cylinder, one end of which is fixedly connected to the ship's deck base, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a multi-stage elastic buffer; a damping regulating valve connected to the hydraulic cylinder; and an accumulator connected to the hydraulic cylinder.

[0012] In this technical solution, the hydraulic damping dissipator consists of a hydraulic cylinder, a damping regulating valve, and an accumulator. The hydraulic cylinder can be a cylindrical, sealed pressure-bearing shell with an oil circuit interface. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed at the ship's deck base, and the other end, the piston rod with a connecting flange, is coaxially fixedly connected to a multi-stage elastic buffer, allowing it to move synchronously with the buffer structure. The damping regulating valve is a valve body component with an adjustable flow channel, connected in series to the oil circuit of the hydraulic cylinder, adjusting the damping force by changing the flow rate. The accumulator is a pressure-resistant tank that divides the air chamber and the oil chamber. The oil chamber of the accumulator is connected to the hydraulic pipeline of the cylinder, used to stabilize the internal pressure of the oil circuit and dissipate residual impact loads. The hydraulic damping dissipator, through the combination of hydraulic throttling energy dissipation and energy storage pressure stabilization, can smoothly dissipate residual impact energy, maintain a smooth load change without sudden rebound, avoid damping failure caused by pressure fluctuations, and improve the stability of damping dissipation operation.

[0013] In some technical solutions, optionally, the intelligent monitoring and early warning device includes: a multi-parameter acquisition unit, which is connected to the mechanical buffer damper and the anchor chain respectively, for acquiring first state parameters and second state parameters; a data processing and prediction unit, which is connected to the multi-parameter acquisition unit, for predicting the peak load of the anchor chain based on the first state parameters, the second state parameters, and the environmental wind force parameters; and a graded early warning unit, which is connected to the data processing and prediction unit and the graded braking anti-breakage device respectively, for controlling the braking of the graded braking anti-breakage device based on the peak load.

[0014] In this technical solution, the intelligent monitoring and early warning device includes a multi-parameter acquisition unit, a data processing and prediction unit, and a graded early warning unit. The multi-parameter acquisition unit is a combined structure integrating various sensors, connected to the mechanical buffer damper and the anchor chain, responsible for acquiring first and second state parameters. The data processing and prediction unit is an industrial-grade board structure equipped with a computing chip and storage particles, connected to the multi-parameter acquisition unit, capable of summarizing various parameter data and predicting the peak load of the anchor chain. The graded early warning unit is a signal drive structure equipped with multi-stage output terminals, connected to the data processing and prediction unit and the graded braking anti-breakage device, controlling the graded braking anti-breakage device to brake based on the calculated peak load. This invention achieves real-time monitoring of the anchor chain load status and accurate risk early warning, shortening the fault response and handling time.

[0015] In some technical solutions, optionally, the data processing and prediction unit is configured to predict the peak load of the anchor chain based on the first state parameter, the second state parameter, the environmental wind force parameter, the load-wind force coupling model, and the peak prediction algorithm.

[0016] In this technical solution, the data processing and prediction unit internally stores a load-wind coupling model and a peak prediction algorithm. The load-wind coupling model establishes the corresponding calculation relationship between wind force values ​​and anchor chain tension, while the peak prediction algorithm relies on data trends to perform load extrapolation and calculation. The data processing and prediction unit can combine the received first state parameters, second state parameters, and environmental wind force parameters with the load-wind coupling model and peak prediction algorithm to perform comprehensive calculations, thereby predicting the peak load on the anchor chain in subsequent time periods. This invention, relying on multi-parameter fusion calculations and professional model algorithms, can predict overload risks several seconds in advance. Compared with conventional real-time monitoring modes, it has the advantage of advance prediction, allowing sufficient reaction time for braking and protection operations, and further avoiding equipment damage caused by sudden load impacts.

[0017] In some technical solutions, optionally, the graded braking anti-breakage device includes a primary flexible brake, a secondary semi-rigid brake, and a tertiary rigid protector; wherein the primary flexible brake, the secondary semi-rigid brake, and the tertiary rigid protector are arranged sequentially along the anchor chain and are respectively connected to the graded early warning unit.

[0018] In this technical solution, the graded braking anti-breakage device comprises three types of braking structures: a primary flexible brake, a secondary semi-rigid brake, and a tertiary rigid protector. The primary flexible brake is a hydraulically driven clamping structure, the secondary semi-rigid brake is an electromagnetically controlled locking structure, and the tertiary rigid protector is an alloy steel hard-mounted locking structure. These three brakes are arranged sequentially along the anchor chain's extension direction and are all connected to the graded warning device within the intelligent monitoring and warning system. Based on the received graded warning signals, they can initiate corresponding braking actions. The graded braking anti-breakage device, with its multi-stage braking structure ranging from gentle constraint to rigid locking, works in sequence, matching the protection intensity according to the load's hazard level. This prevents improper braking intensity from causing anchor chain damage or protection failure, achieving graded safety braking protection.

[0019] In some technical solutions, optionally, the graded early warning unit is configured to control the first-level flexible brake to brake when the load peak value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and less than a second preset threshold; to control the second-level semi-rigid brake to brake when the load peak value is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold and less than a third preset threshold; and to control the third-level rigid protector to brake when the load peak value is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold.

[0020] In this technical solution, the graded early warning unit is configured to control a first-stage flexible brake to apply braking force when the load peak value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and less than a second preset threshold, wherein the first preset threshold can be 70% of the breaking tensile force. When the load peak value is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than a third preset threshold, it controls a second-stage semi-rigid brake to apply braking force, wherein the second preset threshold can be 85% of the breaking tensile force. When the load peak value is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, it controls a third-stage rigid protector to apply braking force, wherein the third preset threshold can be 95% of the breaking tensile force.

[0021] In some technical solutions, optionally, the first-stage flexible brake is a hydraulic clamping friction chain stopper, the second-stage semi-rigid brake is an electromagnetic locking chain stopper, and the third-stage rigid protector is an alloy steel limit chuck.

[0022] In this technical solution, the first-stage flexible brake adopts a hydraulic clamping friction chain stopper, which consists of a fixed base, a hydraulic drive component, and an arc-shaped clamp with an anti-slip lining. It clamps the anchor chain by hydraulic thrust and achieves flexible constraint through friction. The second-stage semi-rigid brake is an electromagnetic locking chain stopper, which consists of a base, an electromagnetic coil, and a movable locking block. After being energized, the magnetic force drives the locking block to close and restrict the displacement of the anchor chain. The third-stage rigid protector is a high-strength alloy steel limiting claw that is forged in one piece. The claw's curvature is adapted to the shape of the anchor chain and can withstand the ultimate load to achieve rigid locking. The three types of differentiated braking structures progressively increase the constraint strength, which can cope with different overload situations of light, medium, and heavy. Finally, the rigid locking position completely locks the anchor chain, preventing secondary safety accidents caused by the rebound of the anchor chain after breakage.

[0023] In some technical solutions, the wind-linked controller may optionally include: a wind data interaction unit for acquiring environmental wind parameters from a ship's weather station and an AIS system; and an adaptive adjustment unit connected to both a mechanical damper and an intelligent monitoring and early warning device, for controlling the operation of the mechanical damper based on the environmental wind parameters and adjusting the monitoring parameters of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device.

[0024] In this technical solution, the wind-powered linkage controller consists of a wind data interaction unit and an adaptive adjustment unit. The wind data interaction unit is a board structure integrating multiple communication ports and parsing circuits, establishing communication connections with the ship's weather station and AIS (Automatic Identification System) system, responsible for receiving and parsing environmental wind parameters. The adaptive adjustment unit is a parameter control circuit board with multiple adjustment loops, connected to the mechanical buffer damper and the intelligent monitoring and early warning device signals respectively. It can adjust the operating parameters of the mechanical buffer damper and the monitoring parameters of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device according to the real-time environmental wind parameters. With the help of external wind data access and internal parameter adaptive control structure, the wind-powered linkage controller enables the anchor chain breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device to automatically adapt to various sea conditions such as light wind, strong wind, and storm, adjusting the operating mode to balance the operational efficiency in low-wave environments and the protective safety in high-wave environments, greatly expanding the applicable operating scenarios of the device.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of an anchor chain breakage prevention buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic block diagram of a mechanical buffer damper in an anchor chain breakage prevention buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic block diagram of a graded braking anti-breakage device in an anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic block diagram of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device in the anchor chain breakage prevention buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic block diagram of the wind-driven linkage controller in the anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0032] in, Figures 1 to 5 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows:

[0033] 10 Anchor chain breakage prevention buffer and intelligent monitoring device, 102 Mechanical buffer damper, 104 Graded brake breakage prevention device, 106 Intelligent monitoring and early warning device, 108 Wind power linkage controller, 20 Anchor chain, 30 Anchor winch, 40 Ship deck base, 110 Multi-stage elastic buffer, 112 Hydraulic damping dissipator, 114 Stroke limit protector, 116 Disc spring, 118 Polyurethane buffer ring, 120 Hydraulic cylinder, 122 Damping regulating valve, 124 Accumulator, 126 Multi-parameter acquisition unit, 128 Data processing and prediction unit, 130 Graded early warning unit, 132 First-stage flexible brake, 134 Second-stage semi-rigid brake, 136 Third-stage rigid protector, 138 Wind power data interaction unit, 140 Adaptive adjustment unit. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0035] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] The present invention proposes an anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device 10, which mainly includes: a mechanical buffer damper 102, which is installed on the anchor chain 20; a graded braking anti-breakage device 104, which is installed on the anchor chain 20; an intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106, which is connected to the mechanical buffer damper 102, the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 and the anchor chain 20 respectively, for collecting the first state parameters of the anchor chain 20 and the second state parameters of the mechanical buffer damper 102, predicting the peak load of the anchor chain 20 based on the first state parameters, the second state parameters and the environmental wind force parameters, and controlling the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 to brake according to the peak load; and a wind force linkage controller 108, which is connected to the mechanical buffer damper 102 and the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 respectively, for acquiring the environmental wind force parameters, controlling the operation of the mechanical buffer damper 102 according to the environmental wind force parameters, and adjusting the monitoring parameters of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, the anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device 10 provided by the present invention mainly includes four major components: a mechanical buffer damper 102, a graded braking anti-breakage device 104, an intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106, and a wind-powered linkage controller 108. Among them, the mechanical buffer damper 102 is a composite structure integrating elastic, hydraulic and limiting components. The mechanical buffer damper 102 is installed on the anchor chain 20. For example, the mechanical buffer damper 102 can be installed in series on the load path between the anchor winch 30 and the anchor chain 20, and can bear and dissipate the instantaneous impact load generated by the operation of the anchor chain 20. The graded braking anti-breakage device 104 is a multi-stage clamping and locking mechanical component. It is arranged in a coaxial series with the mechanical buffer damper 102. The anchor chain 20 passes through the center of the mechanical buffer damper 102 and the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 in sequence. The graded braking anti-breakage device 104 can be controlled by the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106. In response to the control of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106, the graded braking anti-breakage device brakes the anchor chain 20 to prevent the anchor chain 20 from breaking. The intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 is an embedded electronic control structure equipped with a sensor probe, a computing motherboard, and signal ports. The intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 is connected to the mechanical buffer damper 102, the graded braking anti-breakage device 104, and the anchor chain 20. It can collect in real time the first state parameter representing the operating status of the anchor chain 20 and the second state parameter reflecting the operating condition of the mechanical buffer damper 102. The first state parameter refers to anchor chain tension, moving speed, and displacement data, etc. The second state parameter refers to buffer stroke, hydraulic pressure, and equipment temperature data, etc. The environmental wind force parameter includes wind speed, wind direction, and wind pressure data. The intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 combines the three types of parameters and relies on its built-in computing logic to predict the peak load of the anchor chain 20, and controls the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 to brake the anchor chain 20 according to the peak load of the anchor chain 20. The wind-driven linkage controller 108 is a parameter control structure with a communication interface and control circuit. It is connected to the mechanical buffer damper 102 and the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106, respectively. It is responsible for acquiring environmental wind parameters and adjusting the working parameters of the mechanical buffer damper 102, such as damping force and buffer range, and the monitoring parameters of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106, such as sampling frequency and early warning threshold. The anchor chain breakage prevention buffer and intelligent monitoring device 10 provided by this invention relies on the coordinated cooperation between the mechanical buffer damper 102, the graded braking breakage prevention device 104, the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106, and the wind-driven linkage controller 108. It can sense the operating condition of the anchor chain 20 in real time, predict the load risk in advance, and carry out graded protective actions. At the same time, it can automatically adjust the operating status to adapt to different wind environments, effectively reducing the probability of anchor chain breakage and anchor dragging failure, and comprehensively improving the safety and stability of ship anchoring operations.

[0038] For example, the anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device 10 provided by the present invention adopts a modular design as a whole. It is fixed to the ship deck base 40 by high-strength bolts. The ship deck base 40 is welded and reinforced to the main structure of the ship and can withstand a load of 2000kN. The anchor chain 20 passes through the mechanical buffer damper 102 and the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 in sequence. Both ends are connected to the anchor winch 30 and the anchor chain 20 by high-strength connecting rings. The connecting rings are made of forged alloy steel and have a strength greater than or equal to 1.2 times the breaking tensile force of the anchor chain 20 to ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0039] In some technical solutions, optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the mechanical buffer damper 102 includes: a multi-stage elastic buffer 110, which is mounted on the anchor chain 20; a hydraulic damping dissipator 112, which is connected to the multi-stage elastic buffer 110; and a travel limit protector 114, which is sleeved on the outside of the multi-stage elastic buffer 110 and forms a mechanical limit engagement with the multi-stage elastic buffer 110.

[0040] In this technical solution, the mechanical buffer damper 102 consists of a multi-stage elastic buffer 110, a hydraulic damping dissipator 112, and a travel limit protector 114. The multi-stage elastic buffer 110 is mounted on the anchor chain 20 and is an axially stacked columnar elastic load-bearing structure with docking structures at both ends, connected in series between the anchor winch 30 and the anchor chain 20. It is mainly used to directly absorb the instantaneous impact load generated by the anchor chain 20. The hydraulic damping dissipator 112 is also mounted on the anchor chain 20. It is a closed hydraulic transmission structure with built-in hydraulic medium, and it is coaxially connected in parallel with the multi-stage elastic buffer 110. This allows it to convert the impact load not fully absorbed by the multi-stage elastic buffer 110 into heat energy for dissipation. Coaxial parallel connection means that the axes of the multi-stage elastic buffer 110 and the hydraulic damping dissipator 112 coincide and deform synchronously under stress. The travel limit protector 114 is a ring-shaped clamp-type limit monitoring structure. It is sleeved around the multi-stage elastic buffer 110, forming a mechanical limit engagement structure. This mechanical engagement means that the travel limit protector 114 and the multi-stage elastic buffer 110 are mutually engaged to restrict the range of motion. Simultaneously, the travel limit protector 114 establishes a wiring connection with the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106, constraining the maximum buffer stroke of the multi-stage elastic buffer 110. Once the limit position is reached, a limit protection signal is sent to the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106. This invention, by setting up a dual unloading structure combining elastic energy absorption and hydraulic energy dissipation, and supplemented by an overtravel limit protection mechanism, can smoothly reduce the peak impact load, avoid the problem of instantaneous stress concentration damaging the anchor chain 20 and buffer components, and significantly enhance the reliability of the buffer protection and the service life of the structure.

[0041] In some technical solutions, optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the multi-stage elastic buffer 110 is composed of multiple sets of disc springs 116, and at least one polyurethane buffer ring 118 is sleeved on the outside of each disc spring 116.

[0042] In this technical solution, the multi-stage elastic buffer 110 is composed of multiple sets of conical disc-shaped high-strength disc springs 116 stacked end-to-end to form a columnar load-bearing body. The series stacking indicates that the springs are sequentially spliced ​​and combined to form an overall force-bearing structure. Each disc spring 116 is fitted with a ring-shaped solid high-elasticity polyurethane buffer ring 118. The high-strength disc spring 116 can withstand large-tonnage axial impact loads and undergo elastic deformation to absorb energy. The high-elasticity polyurethane buffer ring 118 is wear-resistant and has excellent resilience, capable of wrapping the spring structure and deforming synchronously, absorbing high-frequency, small-amplitude vibrations generated during operation. This invention, by using a multi-stage elastic buffer 110 composed of multiple sets of disc springs 116 with polyurethane buffer rings 118 fitted on the outside of the disc springs 116, achieves both high load-bearing capacity and vibration reduction effect. It can absorb most of the instantaneous impact load of the anchor chain 20, reduce fatigue wear of the spring structure, effectively weaken impact rebound, and ensure smooth and orderly buffering operations.

[0043] In some technical solutions, optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic damping dissipator 112 includes: a hydraulic cylinder 120, one end of which is fixedly connected to the ship deck base 40, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the multi-stage elastic buffer 110; a damping regulating valve 122, which is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 120; and an accumulator 124, which is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 120.

[0044] In this technical solution, the hydraulic damping dissipator 112 consists of a hydraulic cylinder 120, a damping regulating valve 122, and an accumulator 124. The hydraulic cylinder 120 can be a cylindrical, sealed pressure-bearing shell with an oil circuit interface. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 120 is fixedly installed at the ship's deck base 40, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 120, i.e., the piston rod with a connecting flange, is coaxially fixedly connected to the multi-stage elastic buffer 110, and can move synchronously with the buffer structure. The damping regulating valve 122 is a valve body component with an adjustable flow channel, connected in series to the oil circuit of the hydraulic cylinder 120, and the damping force is adjusted by changing the flow rate. The accumulator 124 is a pressure tank that divides the air chamber and the oil chamber. The oil chamber of the accumulator 124 is connected to the hydraulic pipeline of the cylinder, and is used to stabilize the internal pressure of the oil circuit and dissipate residual impact loads. The hydraulic damping dissipator 112 can smoothly consume the remaining impact energy by combining hydraulic throttling energy consumption with energy storage and pressure stabilization, keeping the load change gradual without sudden rebound, avoiding damping failure caused by pressure fluctuations, and improving the stability of damping dissipation operation.

[0045] For example, the mechanical buffer damper 102 serves as the core unloading structure, including a multi-stage elastic buffer 110, a hydraulic damping dissipator 112, and a stroke limit protector 114. The multi-stage elastic buffer 110 employs a composite structure of high-strength disc springs 116 and high-elasticity polyurethane buffer rings 118. Four to six disc springs (each capable of bearing 50-200 tons) are connected in series to adapt to different load levels. The polyurethane buffer rings 118 (Shore hardness 90-95) are nested outside the spring groups to absorb high-frequency, small-amplitude impacts, with a buffer stroke of 0mm-300mm, dynamically absorbing 60%-80% of the instantaneous peak load of the anchor chain 20. The hydraulic damping dissipator 112 is connected in parallel with the multi-stage elastic buffer 110 and includes a high-pressure hydraulic cylinder 120, a damping regulating valve 122, and an accumulator 124. The hydraulic cylinder 120 has a diameter of 150 mm-250 mm and is filled with anti-wear hydraulic oil. The oil flow rate is controlled by the damping regulating valve 122 (the damping regulating valve 122's adjustment range is 0 L / min-100 L / min), converting the remaining impact energy of the elastic buffer into heat energy for dissipation. The accumulator 124 (accumulator 124's pressure rating is 31.5 MPa) stabilizes the damping pressure, preventing damping failure caused by load fluctuations. The stroke limit protector 114 is equipped with a mechanical limit baffle and an electromagnetic limit lock. When the buffer stroke reaches 250 mm (the ultimate load warning threshold), the limit baffle is triggered, and the electromagnetic limit lock locks the buffer structure to prevent overtravel damage. At the same time, a trigger signal is sent to the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106.

[0046] In some technical solutions, optionally, such as Figure 4As shown, the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 includes: a multi-parameter acquisition unit 126, which is connected to the mechanical buffer damper 102 and the anchor chain 20 respectively, for acquiring first state parameters and second state parameters; a data processing and prediction unit 128, which is connected to the multi-parameter acquisition unit 126, for predicting the peak load of the anchor chain 20 based on the first state parameters, the second state parameters, and the environmental wind force parameters; and a graded early warning unit 130, which is connected to the data processing and prediction unit 128 and the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 respectively, for controlling the braking of the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 based on the peak load.

[0047] In this technical solution, the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 includes a multi-parameter acquisition unit 126, a data processing and prediction unit 128, and a graded early warning unit 130. The multi-parameter acquisition unit 126 is a combined structure integrating various sensors, connected to the mechanical buffer damper 102 and the anchor chain 20, responsible for acquiring first and second state parameters. The data processing and prediction unit 128 is an industrial-grade board structure equipped with a computing chip and storage particles, connected to the multi-parameter acquisition unit 126, capable of summarizing various parameter data and predicting the peak load of the anchor chain 20. The graded early warning unit 130 is a signal drive structure equipped with multi-stage output terminals, connected to the data processing and prediction unit 128 and the graded braking anti-breakage device 104, controlling the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 to brake based on the calculated peak load. This invention achieves real-time monitoring of the load status of the anchor chain 20 and accurate risk early warning, shortening the fault response and handling time.

[0048] In some technical solutions, optionally, the data processing and prediction unit 128 is configured to predict the load peak value of the anchor chain 20 based on the first state parameter, the second state parameter, the environmental wind force parameter, the load-wind force coupling model, and the peak prediction algorithm.

[0049] In this technical solution, the data processing and prediction unit 128 internally stores a load-wind coupling model and a peak prediction algorithm. The load-wind coupling model is used to establish the corresponding calculation relationship between wind force values ​​and anchor chain tension. The peak prediction algorithm completes load extrapolation and calculation based on data trends. The data processing and prediction unit 128 can combine the received first state parameters, second state parameters, and environmental wind force parameters with the load-wind coupling model and peak prediction algorithm to perform comprehensive calculations, thereby predicting the peak load of the anchor chain 20 in the subsequent time period. This invention, by relying on multi-parameter fusion calculation and professional model algorithm support, can predict overload risks several seconds in advance. Compared with conventional real-time monitoring modes, it has the advantage of advance prediction, leaving sufficient reaction time for braking and protection operations, and further avoiding equipment damage caused by sudden load impacts.

[0050] For example, the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 can realize real-time acquisition of multiple parameters, prediction of load peaks, graded early warning, and data visualization. The intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 includes: a multi-parameter acquisition unit 126, a data processing and prediction unit 128, a graded early warning unit 130, and a data visualization and storage unit. Among them, the multi-parameter acquisition unit 126 integrates a high-precision tension sensor (the tension sensor has a range of 0kN-2000kN and an accuracy of ±0.5%FS), an anchor chain speed sensor, a stroke sensor, a wind force and wind speed sensor (the wind force and wind speed sensor can be installed on the ship's superstructure to collect wind speed, wind direction, and wind pressure), and a temperature sensor (the temperature sensor can monitor the temperature of the mechanical buffer damper 102). The multi-parameter acquisition unit 126 can collect 12 sets of core parameters in real time, including anchor chain tension, extension speed, buffer stroke, ambient wind force, and equipment temperature, with a sampling frequency of 100Hz. The data processing and prediction unit 128 adopts an embedded industrial computer and has built-in load-wind coupling model, peak prediction algorithm, and fatigue damage calculation model. The data processing and prediction unit 128 can predict the peak load in the next 3-5 seconds based on real-time wind data and the rate of change of anchor chain tension (when the rate of change of anchor chain tension is ≥50kN / s, it is determined to be an impact load); calculate the cumulative fatigue damage of anchor chain 20, and trigger a fatigue warning when the damage is ≥80%. The graded warning unit 130 is equipped with a three-level warning mechanism: Level 1 warning (yellow): when the load reaches 50%-70% of the breaking tensile force of anchor chain 20 or the wind speed is 12m / s-15m / s, it uses audible and visual alarms and a pop-up window in the wheelhouse to provide a warning; Level 2 warning (orange): when the load reaches 70%-90% of the breaking tensile force or the wind speed reaches 15m / s-20m / s, it uses high-frequency audible and visual alarms, automatically records the load curve, and prompts the initiation of graded braking; Level 3 warning (red): when the load is ≥90% of the breaking tensile force or the wind speed is ≥20m / s, it uses emergency audible and visual alarms, automatically triggers graded braking, and sends a warning message to the ship management system. The data visualization and storage unit features a touchscreen display in the cab that shows real-time anchor chain tension, buffer travel, wind parameters, and warning status. It also has a built-in storage module that saves 180 days of historical data and supports data export and traceability analysis.

[0051] In some technical solutions, optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 includes a primary flexible brake 132, a secondary semi-rigid brake 134, and a tertiary rigid protector 136; wherein, the primary flexible brake 132, the secondary semi-rigid brake 134, and the tertiary rigid protector 136 are arranged sequentially along the anchor chain 20 and are respectively connected to the graded early warning unit 130.

[0052] In this technical solution, the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 includes three types of braking structures: a primary flexible brake 132, a secondary semi-rigid brake 134, and a tertiary rigid protector 136. The primary flexible brake 132 is a hydraulically driven clamping structure, the secondary semi-rigid brake 134 is an electromagnetically controlled locking structure, and the tertiary rigid protector 136 is an alloy steel hard-mounted locking structure. The three brakes are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the anchor chain 20 and are all connected to the graded warning device inside the intelligent monitoring and warning device 106. Based on the received graded warning signals, the device can initiate corresponding braking actions. The graded braking anti-breakage device 104, with its multi-stage braking structure ranging from gentle restraint to rigid locking, works in sequence, matching the protection force according to the degree of load danger. This prevents damage to the anchor chain 20 or protection failure caused by improper single braking force, achieving graded safety braking protection.

[0053] In some technical solutions, optionally, the graded early warning unit 130 is configured to control the first-level flexible brake 132 to brake when the load peak value is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold and less than the second preset threshold; control the second-level semi-rigid brake 134 to brake when the load peak value is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than the third preset threshold; and control the third-level rigid protector 136 to brake when the load peak value is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold.

[0054] In this technical solution, the graded early warning unit 130 is configured to control the first-stage flexible brake 132 to brake when the load peak value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and less than a second preset threshold, wherein the first preset threshold can be 70% of the breaking tensile force. When the load peak value is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than a third preset threshold, the second-stage semi-rigid brake 134 is controlled to brake, wherein the second preset threshold can be 85% of the breaking tensile force. When the load peak value is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the third-stage rigid protector 136 is controlled to brake, wherein the third preset threshold can be 95% of the breaking tensile force.

[0055] In some technical solutions, optionally, the first-stage flexible brake 132 is a hydraulic clamping friction chain stopper, the second-stage semi-rigid brake 134 is an electromagnetic locking chain stopper, and the third-stage rigid protector 136 is an alloy steel limit pawl.

[0056] In this technical solution, the first-stage flexible brake 132 is a hydraulic clamping friction chain stopper, which consists of a fixed base, a hydraulic drive component, and an arc-shaped clamp with an anti-slip lining. It clamps the anchor chain 20 by hydraulic thrust and achieves flexible constraint through friction. The second-stage semi-rigid brake 134 is an electromagnetic locking chain stopper, which consists of a base, an electromagnetic coil, and a movable locking block. After being energized, the magnetic force drives the locking block to close and restrict the displacement of the anchor chain 20. The third-stage rigid protector 136 is a high-strength alloy steel limiting claw that is forged in one piece. The claw's curvature is adapted to the shape of the anchor chain 20 and can withstand the ultimate load to complete the hard locking. The three types of differentiated braking structures progressively increase the constraint strength and can cope with different overload situations of light, medium, and heavy. Finally, the rigid locking position completely locks the anchor chain 20, preventing secondary safety accidents caused by the rebound of the anchor chain 20 after breakage.

[0057] For example, the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 is linked with the mechanical buffer damper 102 to achieve graded braking and prevent the anchor chain 20 from breaking when the load exceeds the threshold. This includes: a first-stage braking unit (flexible braking): employing a hydraulic clamping friction chain stopper with friction pads made of high-wear-resistant alloy material. When the load reaches 70% of the breaking tensile force, the hydraulic system drives the pads to lightly clamp the anchor chain 20, providing 5%-10% additional damping force to help dissipate impact energy. A second-stage braking unit (semi-rigid braking): equipped with an electromagnetic locking chain stopper. When the load reaches 85% of the breaking tensile force, the electromagnetic lockper activates, locking part of the anchor chain 20's travel and limiting further stretching to prevent a sudden increase in load. A third-stage braking unit (rigid protection): equipped with high-strength alloy steel limit claws. When the load is ≥ 95% of the breaking tensile force or the buffer travel reaches its limit, the claws forcibly lock the anchor chain 20 to prevent it from rebounding and injuring people after breaking, while also protecting equipment safety.

[0058] In some technical solutions, optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, the wind-driven linkage controller 108 includes: a wind data interaction unit 138, used to acquire environmental wind parameters from the ship's meteorological station and the AIS system; and an adaptive adjustment unit 140, which is connected to the mechanical buffer damper 102 and the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 respectively, and is used to control the operation of the mechanical buffer damper 102 according to the environmental wind parameters, and to adjust the monitoring parameters of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106.

[0059] In this technical solution, the wind-driven linkage controller 108 consists of a wind data interaction unit 138 and an adaptive adjustment unit 140. The wind data interaction unit 138 is a board structure integrating multiple communication ports and parsing circuits, establishing communication connections with the ship's weather station and AIS (Automatic Identification System) system, and is responsible for receiving and parsing environmental wind parameters. The adaptive adjustment unit 140 is a parameter control circuit board with multiple adjustment loops, which is connected to the mechanical buffer damper 102 and the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 respectively. It can adjust the operating parameters of the mechanical buffer damper 102 and the monitoring parameters of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 according to the real-time environmental wind parameters. With the help of external wind data access and internal parameter adaptive control structure, the wind-driven linkage controller 108 enables the anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device 10 to automatically adapt to various sea conditions such as light wind, strong wind, and storm, adjusting the operating mode to balance the operating efficiency in low wind and wave environments and the protective safety in high wind and wave environments, greatly expanding the applicable operating scenarios of the device.

[0060] For example, the wind-driven linkage controller 108 is adapted to the high windward area characteristics of large ships, realizing dynamic adaptive adjustment of buffer damping parameters and braking threshold according to wind force. It mainly includes a wind data interaction unit 138 and an adaptive adjustment unit 140. Among them, the wind data interaction unit 138 interacts with the ship's meteorological station and AIS system in real time to obtain real-time wind speed, wind direction, wind pressure, and gust frequency, with a data update frequency of 1Hz. The adaptive adjustment unit 140 has a built-in wind-load matching algorithm, which adjusts the buffer damping parameters according to wind speed levels. When the wind speed is less than 12m / s (light wind), the buffer damping operates at a low range, and the braking threshold is set to 80% of the breaking tensile force; when 12m / s ≤ wind speed < 18m / s (strong wind), the buffer damping operates at a medium range, the braking threshold is lowered to 75%, and the damping force is increased by 20%; when the wind speed is ≥ 18m / s (storm), the buffer damping operates at the full range, the braking threshold is lowered to 70%, the damping force is increased by 50%, and the early warning module is activated to enhance monitoring.

[0061] The workflow of this invention is divided into four stages: normal anchoring, impact load response, early warning braking, and wind force adaptive adjustment. (1) Normal anchoring stage (wind speed < 12 m / s, load < 50% breaking tensile force): the mechanical buffer damper 102 operates under low load, the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 collects parameters in real time, the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 is in the unlocked state, and the wind force linkage controller 108 monitors the wind force in real time to maintain the basic parameter matching. (2) Impact load response stage (strong wind / gust, load 50%-90% breaking tensile force): the hull is impacted by strong wind, the tension of the anchor chain 20 increases sharply, the multi-level elastic buffer unit first absorbs 60%-80% of the instantaneous impact energy, and the remaining energy is converted into heat energy dissipation through the hydraulic damping dissipation unit; the stroke sensor monitors the buffer stroke in real time, the tension sensor collects load data synchronously, the data processing unit predicts the load peak value, and if the first-level / second-level early warning threshold is reached, the corresponding early warning prompt is triggered. (3) Warning and braking stage (load ≥ 70% breaking tensile force or wind speed ≥ 15m / s): After the second-level warning is triggered, the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 starts the first-level flexible braking to provide additional damping force; when the load continues to rise to 85% breaking tensile force, the second-level semi-rigid braking is started to limit the stroke of the anchor chain 20; when the load ≥ 95% breaking tensile force, the third-level rigid protection is started to forcibly lock the anchor chain 20 to prevent breakage. (4) Wind force adaptive adjustment stage (all working conditions): The wind force linkage controller 108 obtains wind force data in real time and dynamically adjusts the buffer damping range, damping force and braking threshold according to the wind speed grade to ensure that the device is in the optimal working state under different wind force conditions and adapts to the continuous strong load characteristics caused by the high wind area of ​​large ships.

[0062] Example 1: Basic type of anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device 10 (suitable for 8000-12000TEU container ships). The overall dimensions of the anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device 10 are 1.8m long, 0.8m wide, and 1.2m high, with a total weight of about 2.5 tons. It is suitable for anchor chains 20 with a diameter of 80mm and a breaking tensile force of 1200kN. Among them, the mechanical buffer damper 102 consists of 4 sets of disc springs 116, 4 polyurethane buffer rings 118, and a hydraulic cylinder 120 with a cylinder diameter of 180mm. The damping regulating valve 122 has an adjustment range of 0L / min-80L / min and a buffer stroke of 0mm-250mm. The intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 includes a tension sensor with a range of 0-1500kN, a wind speed sensor with a range of 0 m / s-30m / s, an embedded industrial computer (Advantech IPC-610 model), and a 15-inch touch screen. The graded braking anti-breakage device 104 has a hydraulic clamping force of 0 kN for the first-stage braking unit. -500kN, the electromagnetic locking force of the secondary braking unit is 800kN, and the bearing capacity of the limit claw of the tertiary braking unit is 1500kN; the wind power linkage controller 108: the threshold for wind speed classification is 12m / s, 18m / s, the damping force adjustment range is 10%-50%, and the braking threshold adjustment range is 70%-80%. The anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device 10 is installed between the bow anchor winch 30 and the anchor chain 20 of an 8000TEU (Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit, 20-foot standard container ship). Under strong wind conditions with a wind speed of 16m / s, the instantaneous peak load of the anchor chain 20 is 950kN (79% of the breaking tensile force). The mechanical buffer damper 102 of the device absorbs 75% of the impact energy, the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 triggers the secondary warning, and the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 starts the primary braking. The anchor chain 20 does not show fatigue damage and operates safely and stably.

[0063] Example 2: Reinforced type of anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device 10 (suitable for ultra-large container ships / large roll-on / roll-off ships with a capacity of 20,000 TEU or more). The overall dimensions of the anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device 10 are 2.2m long, 1.0m wide, and 1.5m high, with a total weight of about 4 tons. The suitable diameter of the anchor chain 20 is 100mm-120mm, and the breaking tensile strength of the anchor chain 20 is 2000kN. Among them, the mechanical buffer damper 102 consists of 6 disc springs 116, 6 polyurethane buffer rings 118, and a hydraulic cylinder 120 with a cylinder diameter of 250mm. The damping regulating valve 122 has an adjustment range of 0L / min-100L / min and a buffer stroke of 0mm-300mm. The intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 includes a tension sensor with a range of 0 kN-2500kN, a wind speed sensor with a range of 0 m / s-40m / s, an embedded industrial computer (Advantech IPC-6806), a 21-inch touch screen display, and a real-time fatigue damage display function. The graded brake anti-breakage device 104 has a hydraulic clamping force of 0 kN for the first-stage braking unit. -800kN, the electromagnetic locking force of the secondary braking unit is 1500kN, and the bearing capacity of the limit claw of the tertiary braking unit is 2500kN; the wind power linkage controller 108: the threshold values ​​for wind speed classification are 10m / s, 15m / s, and 20m / s, the damping force adjustment range is 20%-60%, the braking threshold adjustment range is 65%-80%, and the gust frequency linkage adjustment function is added. The anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device 10 is installed on a 20000TEU ultra-large container ship. Under the storm condition of wind speed of 22m / s, the instantaneous peak load of the anchor chain 20 is 1800kN (that is, 90% of the breaking tensile force of the anchor chain 20). The mechanical buffer damper 102 in the device absorbs 80% of the impact energy, the intelligent monitoring and early warning device 106 triggers the third-level early warning, and the graded braking anti-breakage device 104 sequentially activates the first-level and second-level braking. The tension of the anchor chain 20 is stably controlled below 1500kN to avoid the occurrence of a breakage accident.

[0064] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited. The terms "connection," "installation," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0066] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing anchor chain breakage, buffering, and intelligent monitoring, characterized in that, include: A mechanical damper, which is mounted on the anchor chain; A graded brake breakage prevention device is installed on the anchor chain; The intelligent monitoring and early warning device is connected to the mechanical buffer damper, the graded braking anti-breakage device and the anchor chain respectively. It is used to collect the first state parameters of the anchor chain and the second state parameters of the mechanical buffer damper, predict the peak load of the anchor chain based on the first state parameters, the second state parameters and the environmental wind force parameters, and control the graded braking anti-breakage device to brake based on the peak load. A wind-powered linkage controller is connected to the mechanical buffer damper and the intelligent monitoring and early warning device, respectively, for acquiring the environmental wind force parameters, controlling the operation of the mechanical buffer damper according to the environmental wind force parameters, and adjusting the monitoring parameters of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device; The wind-powered linkage controller includes a wind-powered data interaction unit and an adaptive adjustment unit; The wind data interaction unit is used to obtain the environmental wind parameters from the ship's weather station and AIS system; The adaptive adjustment unit is connected to the mechanical buffer damper and the intelligent monitoring and early warning device respectively, and is used to control the operation of the mechanical buffer damper according to the environmental wind parameters, and to adjust the monitoring parameters of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device. The wind data interaction unit interacts in real time with the ship's weather station and the AIS system to obtain real-time wind speed, wind direction, wind pressure, and gust frequency. The adaptive adjustment unit incorporates a wind-load matching algorithm to adjust the buffer damping parameters according to wind speed levels.

2. The anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical buffer damper includes: A multi-stage elastic buffer, wherein the multi-stage elastic buffer is mounted on the anchor chain; A hydraulic damping dissipator, wherein the hydraulic damping dissipator is connected to the multi-stage elastic buffer; A travel limit protector is sleeved on the outside of the multi-stage elastic buffer and forms a mechanical limit engagement with the multi-stage elastic buffer.

3. The anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multi-stage elastic buffer is composed of multiple sets of disc springs, and at least one polyurethane buffer ring is sleeved on the outside of each disc spring.

4. The anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic damping dissipator includes: A hydraulic cylinder, one end of which is fixedly connected to the ship's deck base, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the multi-stage elastic buffer; A damping regulating valve is connected to the hydraulic cylinder; An accumulator, which is connected to the hydraulic cylinder.

5. The anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent monitoring and early warning device includes: A multi-parameter acquisition unit is connected to the mechanical buffer damper and the anchor chain respectively, and is used to acquire the first state parameter and the second state parameter; A data processing and prediction unit, which is connected to the multi-parameter acquisition unit, is used to predict the peak load of the anchor chain based on the first state parameter, the second state parameter, and the environmental wind force parameter. A graded early warning unit is connected to the data processing and prediction unit and the graded braking anti-breakage device, respectively, and is used to control the braking of the graded braking anti-breakage device according to the load peak value.

6. The anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The data processing and prediction unit is configured as follows: The peak load of the anchor chain is predicted based on the first state parameter, the second state parameter, the environmental wind force parameter, the load-wind force coupling model, and the peak prediction algorithm.

7. The anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The graded braking anti-breakage device includes a first-level flexible brake, a second-level semi-rigid brake, and a third-level rigid protector. The primary flexible brake, the secondary semi-rigid brake, and the tertiary rigid protector are arranged sequentially along the anchor chain and are respectively connected to the graded early warning unit.

8. The anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The graded early warning unit is configured to control the first-level flexible brake to brake when the load peak value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and less than a second preset threshold. When the peak load is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than the third preset threshold, the secondary semi-rigid brake is controlled to brake. When the load peak value is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the three-stage rigid protector is controlled to brake.

9. The anchor chain anti-breakage buffer and intelligent monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first-stage flexible brake is a hydraulic clamping friction chain stopper, the second-stage semi-rigid brake is an electromagnetic locking chain stopper, and the third-stage rigid protector is an alloy steel limit chuck.

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