Anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single point mooring device

Abstract

The application discloses an anti-overturning tower-free floating wind turbine single-point mooring device, which comprises a grab hook connecting assembly, a wind turbine connecting assembly and a single-point mooring floating platform; the grab hook connecting assembly comprises a grab hook ruler, a grab hook shell, an electromagnetic locking assembly and a sliding connecting piece; a connecting chain is arranged between the main sliding rod and the grab hook ruler; an opening for clamping a wedge is formed in the sliding block; the wind turbine connecting assembly comprises a supporting table, a first connecting column and a connecting column clamped in the grab hook ruler; a first hydraulic cylinder and a second piston are arranged between the connecting column and the first connecting column; a gear is arranged on the first connecting column; a first cylinder and a third piston are arranged in the supporting table; a rack is in engagement with the gear; and the end of the rack is connected with the third piston; the grab hook connecting assembly is locked with the connecting column through the grab hook, gear transmission and the electromagnetic locking assembly, and the displacement fluctuation of the floating structure is limited through buffering. The single-point mooring device automatically completes mooring locking, dynamically absorbs wind and wave impact energy, and improves the mooring stability and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine engineering mooring equipment technology, and in particular to an anti-tipping towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device with automatic locking, multi-stage hydraulic buffering and dynamic displacement suppression functions. Background Technology

[0002] With the global demand for clean energy continuing to rise, the safe and stable operation of marine engineering equipment has become a key guarantee for the development of marine resources. As the core equipment connecting offshore floating structures (such as single-point mooring platforms and drilling platforms) and floating structures (such as seabed foundations and wharf piers), the reliability of single-point mooring systems directly determines the continuity and safety of marine operations, and plays an irreplaceable role in fields such as offshore oil and gas development and offshore wind power.

[0003] However, existing single-point mooring technology has many limitations in practical applications, specifically in its insufficient resistance to impact loads. Traditional mooring systems often employ rigid designs for their connection structures, such as directly welded anchor chains or fixed clips, which are ill-suited to handle the complex impact loads of the marine environment. Waves, ocean currents, and sudden weather disasters (such as typhoons and strong swells) can generate instantaneous impact forces, easily leading to plastic deformation of connecting components and weld cracking. For example, in sea states with wave heights exceeding 5 meters, the violent swaying of a floating platform can overload the mooring equipment, causing mooring breakage and seriously threatening operational safety.

[0004] Furthermore, existing mooring systems are functionally limited. Current floating platform mooring systems only serve a positioning function, fixing the platform to the seabed via anchor chains or steel cables, without mitigating the structural deformation energy caused by waves and ocean currents during mooring. For example, there is the mechanical movement of the mooring cable during tensile deformation under load. At the same time, traditional anchor structures (such as gravity anchors and suction anchors) only serve as fixing components and do not integrate buffering functions.

[0005] Furthermore, traditional mooring systems suffer from poor connection reliability and environmental adaptability. The high salt spray and strong corrosive environment at sea accelerates the aging of mooring equipment. Traditional mooring cables and other components experience widespread aging in salt spray environments, significantly increasing operating costs. In addition, the locking mechanisms of existing single mooring line hooks mostly rely on manual operation or simple mechanical triggering, which can easily lead to jamming due to misalignment or component corrosion, making them unsuitable for emergency mooring needs.

[0006] Lacking dynamic adjustment capabilities, floating structures experience periodic swaying under the influence of wind and waves. Traditional mooring systems rely solely on passive constraints (such as elastic cables) to limit displacement, failing to dynamically adjust the buffering force based on real-time motion. This contradiction between "rigid constraints and flexible tension" leads to long-term stress on connecting parts, shortening the fatigue life of critical components (such as pins and gears) and increasing the risk of system failure.

[0007] Based on the above situation, there is an urgent need for a single-point shock-resistant mooring system with shock absorption, efficient energy utilization, high reliability, and strong environmental adaptability to improve the mooring stability of marine engineering equipment, reduce operating costs, and ensure the safe development of marine resources. Therefore, developing a mooring device with automatic locking, shock absorption, and dynamic displacement control functions is of great significance for improving the safety of marine engineering operations. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Purpose of the invention: To address the problems of weak impact resistance, low automation, and insufficient displacement control accuracy in existing mooring systems for offshore floating platforms and ships, this invention proposes an anti-overturning, towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device. This device achieves automatic docking and locking during the mooring process, resists impact loads through a multi-stage hydraulic buffer structure, dynamically limits the displacement fluctuations of the floating structure, automatically completes mooring locking, dynamically absorbs the impact energy of wind and waves, and improves mooring stability and reliability.

[0009] Technical solution: The present invention is an anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device, comprising a hook connection assembly, a wind turbine connection assembly, and a single-point mooring floating platform; a first piston and a hydraulic cylinder are connected between the hook connection assembly and the single-point mooring floating platform.

[0010] The grab hook connection assembly includes a grab hook ruler, a grab hook housing, an electromagnetic locking assembly, and a sliding connector; the electromagnetic locking assembly includes a solenoid valve and a wedge.

[0011] The grab hook housing includes a guide groove and a sealed air chamber. The guide groove contains a slide rail and a slider. One end of the slider is connected to a piston, and the other end of the piston extends into the sealed air chamber, which contains a hydraulic pressure relief valve.

[0012] The sliding connector includes a main slide rod and a transmission seat with a drive shaft on which a gear is mounted; there is a connecting chain between the main slide rod and the grab hook ruler; the slider has a rack that meshes with the gear; and the slider has an opening for inserting a wedge.

[0013] The fan connection assembly includes a support platform, a first connecting column, and a connecting column that is snapped into a grab hook ruler. There is a first hydraulic cylinder and a second piston between the connecting column and the first connecting column. A gear is provided on the first connecting column. The support platform contains a first cylinder and a third piston. The gear is meshed with a rack, and the end of the rack is connected to the third piston.

[0014] The grabber ruler includes multiple arc-shaped engagement components, which are connected to a sliding connector via a connecting chain.

[0015] The grab hook housing has a guide groove, into which the connecting post is inserted. The main slide rod is equipped with a guide slider that moves along the grab hook housing.

[0016] The grab hook connection assembly adopts a symmetrical double grab hook structure. The grab hook is hinged to the grab hook shell and linked with the sliding connector through the grab hook connection. The slider achieves linear motion through gear transmission, which pushes the sliding connector to drive the grab hook connection chain, so that the grab hook ruler completes the opening and closing action.

[0017] The grab hook connection assembly achieves docking and mechanical locking with the connecting column through the grab hook, gear transmission and electromagnetic locking assembly; the hydraulic pressure relief valve and piston form a multi-stage buffer unit, which attenuates the impact load by adjusting the hydraulic oil flow; the towerless floating wind turbine connection assembly limits the displacement fluctuation of the floating structure through a hydraulic damping system.

[0018] As the piston moves with the slider, hydraulic pressure relief limits the movement speed by adjusting the hydraulic oil flow rate, thus buffering the impact load during docking. The pressure relief valve controls the flow rate of hydraulic oil on both sides of the piston, limiting the displacement of the towerless floating wind turbine through damping until the towerless floating wind turbine reaches a stable position.

[0019] As the core interface for mooring and docking, the connecting column triggers an automatic locking process after being inserted into the grab hook connection device. At the same time, the displacement of the floating structure is transferred to the buffer system of the grab hook connection component through the hinged connector, forming a dual anti-impact mechanism of front-end locking and rear-end buffering.

[0020] When the fan oscillates, causing the connecting column to rotate, the connecting column drives the gear to rotate, which in turn drives the rack to move, thus moving the piston within the cylinder. The pressure relief valve within the cylinder controls the hydraulic oil flow, limiting the piston's speed and creating a buffer to prevent damage to components from sudden impacts.

[0021] Working Principle: The mooring system of this invention operates in three stages: docking and locking, mooring stabilization, and unlocking / separation. During the docking and locking stage, when a towerless floating wind turbine or vessel needs mooring, the connecting column approaches and inserts into the grab hook connecting assembly, pushing the slider along the guide rail. The slider, through gear transmission, drives the sliding connector forward, which in turn pulls the grab hook ruler around the hinge point via the grab hook connecting chain until the grab hook ruler is fully closed and clamps the connecting column. At this point, the opening of the slider moves below the wedge, the solenoid valve is de-energized, and the wedge falls and engages the opening, completing the mechanical locking. If the load is too large during docking, the slider pushes the piston to compress the hydraulic oil in the sealed chamber. The hydraulic pressure relief valve controls the hydraulic oil flow to limit the piston's movement speed, achieving impact buffering.

[0022] During the mooring stabilization phase, after mooring is completed, the grab hook firmly locks onto the connecting column; when the single-point moored floating platform is displaced by wind and waves, it drives the piston to move inside and outside the hydraulic cylinder, and the pressure relief valve generates damping force by adjusting the flow rate of hydraulic oil on both sides of the piston, gradually attenuating the displacement fluctuation of the floating structure until it returns to a stable state.

[0023] During the mooring stabilization phase, if the towerless floating wind turbine experiences swaying and torsional motion around its vertical axis due to the complex effects of wind, waves, and currents, the anti-torsion damping device will activate simultaneously for protection. The turbine's torsion will cause the connection to rotate. Since the connecting column and gear are fixedly connected, the gear rotates synchronously with the connecting column and drives the rack to perform linear reciprocating motion. The rack drives the piston to move within the cylinder wall, compressing the hydraulic oil in the cylinder. At this time, the pressure relief valve limits the flow rate of the hydraulic oil, forming a damping constraint on the piston's movement. This converts the instantaneous energy generated by the torsion into the heat energy of the hydraulic oil, preventing the torsional load from being directly transmitted to the mooring connection. This prevents fatigue damage to components such as the gear, rack, and connecting column due to alternating torque, further enhancing the system's anti-overturning capability.

[0024] During the unlocking and separation phase, when mooring needs to be released, the solenoid valve is energized, and the push rod drives the wedge to lift and disengage from the opening; the external pulling force pushes the connection to move in the opposite direction, causing the slider to reset, and the grab hook opens under the pulling force of the grab hook connecting chain, completing the separation.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1) Excellent impact resistance: This invention reduces the impact load by using a two-part hydraulic pressure relief valve with a graded buffer design, and effectively attenuates the displacement fluctuation of the floating structure, significantly improving the safety of the system under harsh sea conditions.

[0027] 2) Strong structural stability: The symmetrical hook ruler and wedge double locking structure adopted in this invention ensures that the connecting column does not loosen in the six degrees of freedom direction; the sealed hook can resist salt spray and seawater corrosion.

[0028] 3) The single-point mooring device of the present invention is compatible with connecting columns of different diameters, and is compatible with various floating structures such as ships and oil platforms. It is suitable for marine engineering scenarios such as ports and deep-sea mining.

[0029] 4) It has anti-torsion function. The anti-torsion damping device can effectively deal with the torsion problem caused by the swaying of the wind turbine, protect the mooring system and wind turbine components, and improve the stability of the mooring and the safety of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hook connection assembly structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the single-point mooring hook connection assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the internal structure of the single-point mooring hook connection assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the single-point mooring floating platform of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the towerless floating wind turbine connection assembly structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of mooring and docking according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-torsional damping device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] As shown in Figures 1 to 8, the anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device of the present invention includes a hook connection assembly 1, a wind turbine connection assembly 2, and a single-point mooring floating platform 3. The wind turbine connection assembly 2 in this invention is a towerless floating wind turbine connection assembly.

[0039] Among them, the towerless floating wind turbine is connected to the single-point mooring floating platform 3 through the towerless floating wind turbine connection assembly, and the dynamic connection and load transfer are realized through this mooring device.

[0040] In this embodiment, the structure of the hook connecting assembly 1 is as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the assembly includes a grab hook ruler 1-1, a connecting chain 1-2, a gear 1-3, a grab hook housing 1-4, an electromagnetic locking assembly, a slider 1-7, a sliding connector 1-8, a piston 1-9, a hydraulic pressure relief valve 1-10, a hinged connector 1-11, and a first piston 1-12. The electromagnetic locking assembly includes a solenoid valve 1-5 and a wedge 1-6.

[0041] The grab hook housing 1-4 includes a guide groove and a sealed air chamber. The guide groove contains a slide rail and a slider 1-7. One end of the slider 1-7 is connected to a piston 1-9, and one end of the piston 1-9 extends into the sealed air chamber, which contains a hydraulic pressure relief valve 1-10. The piston 1-9 has a sealed air chamber inside, and the hydraulic pressure difference within the chamber is controlled by the hydraulic pressure relief valve 1-10, thereby adjusting the relative displacement of the piston 1-9. The first pistons 1-12, symmetrically distributed on both sides, are connected to the single-point moored floating platform 3 via hinged connectors 1-11, forming a buffer transmission path for the displacement of the floating platform. The grab hook ruler 1-1 is hinged to the grab hook housing 1-4, and both ends of the grab hook connecting chain 1-2 are hinged to the sliding connector 1-8 and the grab hook ruler 1-1, forming a linkage mechanism to control the opening and closing movement of the grab hook.

[0042] Towerless floating wind turbine connection assembly 2, as shown Figure 5As shown, the structure includes a support platform 2-1, a first connecting column 2-6, a first hydraulic cylinder 2-2, a first pressure relief valve 2-3, a second piston 2-5, and a connecting column 2-4 that is inserted into the grab hook ruler 1-1. The support platform 2-1 is fixed to the floating structure and is fixedly connected to the second piston 2-5, forming a rigid connection foundation between the towerless floating wind turbine and the mooring system.

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, when the towerless floating wind turbine needs mooring, the connecting column 2-4 of the connecting assembly 2 is in the docking-ready state. In the docking-ready state, the connecting column 2-4 is at its free end and not in contact with the hook. In the docking state, as... Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the connecting post 2-4 is inserted into the guide groove of the hook housing 1-4, clamped by the closed hook ruler 1-1, and the position of the slider 1-7 is locked by the wedge 1-6 and the opening 1-14.

[0044] At this time, the gripper 1-1 of the gripper connecting assembly 1 is in the open state, the slider 1-7 is in the initial position, and the wedge 1-6 is in the raised state. When the connecting post 2-4 is inserted into the gripper connecting assembly 1, it pushes the slider 1-7 to move along the guide rail inside the gripper housing 1-4. The rack on the side of the slider 1-7 meshes with the gear 1-3, causing the gear 1-3 to rotate. This, in turn, pushes the gripper connecting chain 1-2 through the sliding connector 1-8, causing the gripper 1-1 to rotate around the hinge point until it closes, clamping the connecting post 2-4.

[0045] The sliding connector 1-8 includes a main slide rod, a front hinge lug that is hinged to the hook connecting chain 1-2, a transmission seat connected to the rotating shaft of gear 1-3, and a guide slider that mates with the guide rail of the hook housing 1-4. The transmission seat is fixed to the end of the main slide rod and has a built-in bearing and coupling for connecting to the rotating shaft of gear 1-3. The guide sliders are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the main slide rod and slide in mate with the guide rail inside the hook housing 1-4 to ensure that the main slide rod moves in a straight line without deviation.

[0046] When gear 1-3 rotates, its rotating shaft drives the main slide rod of sliding connector 1-8 to move via a coupling. Since the main slide rod is equipped with a guide slider, which slides in conjunction with the guide rail inside the hook housing 1-4, it moves accordingly. Therefore, the rotational motion of the gear is converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the entire sliding connector 1-8.

[0047] When the main slide rod of the sliding connector 1-8 moves linearly along the guide rail inside the hook housing 1-4, it converts the linear motion into a pulling or pushing force on the chain through the hinge point between the front hinge ear and the hook connecting chain 1-2, thereby driving the hook ruler 1-1 to open and close.

[0048] When the cylindrical connecting post 2-4 is inserted into the hook housing 1-4, the arc-shaped engagement surface of the hook ruler 1-1 contacts the outer circular surface of the middle part of the connecting post 2-4. Since the connecting post is a straight column and its outer circular surface is a regular cylindrical surface, the arc-shaped engagement surface forms a stable contact line along the axis of the column, ensuring that the clamping force is evenly distributed.

[0049] When the gripper ruler 1-1 of the gripper hook connecting assembly 1 is in the open state, the slider 1-7 is in the initial position of the guide rail, the wedge 1-6 is in the raised state and disengaged from the opening, and the inlet channel of the gripper hook housing 1-4 is in the open state, waiting for the connecting post 2-4 to be inserted. The end of the gripper ruler is provided with an arc-shaped engagement surface, the curvature of which matches the outer circular surface of the connecting post.

[0050] Under driving force, such as the propulsion force of a floating wind turbine without a tower, the connecting column 2-4 moves along its own axis and enters the interior of the hook housing 1-4 through the inlet. Once inside, the connecting column 2-4 directly contacts and pushes the slider 1-7, causing the slider 1-7 to move linearly backward along the guide rail inside the hook housing 1-4. At this time, the opening 1-14 on the slider 1-7 moves directly below the wedge 1-6. Upon receiving the command, the solenoid valve 1-5 is de-energized, and the wedge 1-6 falls under gravity and engages with the opening 1-14, achieving mechanical locking and preventing the hook ruler 1-1 from loosening. If the load is too large during docking, the slider 1-7 pushes the piston 1-9 to compress the hydraulic oil in the sealed chamber. The hydraulic pressure relief valve 1-10 controls the flow rate of the hydraulic oil to limit the movement speed of the piston 1-9, forming a buffer damping effect to prevent damage to components due to instantaneous impact.

[0051] When the connecting post 2-4 of the towerless floating wind turbine connecting assembly 2 is inserted into the grab hook connecting assembly 1, if there is an impact during the docking process, such as the connecting post being inserted too quickly due to wind and waves, or a momentary collision caused by misalignment, the connecting post 2-4 applies an axial thrust to the slider 1-7. This thrust directly drives the slider 1-7 to move backward along the guide rail inside the grab hook housing 1-4, thereby pushing the piston 1-9 to compress the hydraulic oil in the sealed air chamber.

[0052] After mooring is completed, as follows Figure 5 As shown, the grab hook 1-1 engages with the connecting column 2-4. When the towerless floating wind turbine is displaced by waves or ocean currents, it drives the second piston 2-5 of the towerless floating wind turbine connecting assembly 2 to reciprocate within the first hydraulic cylinder 2-2. The first pressure relief valve 2-3 generates damping force by adjusting the flow rate of hydraulic oil on both sides of the second piston 2-5, gradually attenuating the movement amplitude of the floating structure until it returns to a stable state. Simultaneously, the hydraulic pressure relief valve 1-10 of the grab hook connecting assembly 1 works in conjunction with the piston 1-9 to absorb some of the impact energy, further reducing the load transmitted to the towerless floating wind turbine connecting assembly 3.

[0053] When mooring needs to be released, the control system sends an energizing signal to solenoid valve 1-5. The push rod of solenoid valve 1-5 pushes wedge 1-6 upward, disengaging it from opening 1-14 on slider 1-7 and releasing the mechanical lock. Subsequently, the towerless floating wind turbine applies a reverse pulling force through towerless floating wind turbine connecting assembly 2. Connecting column 2-4 pushes slider 1-7 to move in the opposite direction. Sliding column 1-7, through gear 1-3 and sliding connector 1-8, drives hook connecting chain 1-2 to pull hook ruler 1-1 open, causing connecting column 2-4 to disengage from hook connecting assembly 1.

[0054] During this process, hydraulic pressure relief valves 1-10 and 2-3 remain operational. By controlling the hydraulic oil flow rate, secondary impacts are avoided due to excessively rapid reverse movement of slider 1-7 and second piston 2-5, ensuring a smooth separation process. Once connecting column 2-4 is completely disengaged, all components of the grab hook connecting assembly 1 return to their initial positions, awaiting the next mooring operation.

[0055] The anti-torsional damping device in this invention is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, it comprises a first connecting post 2-6, a gear 2-7, a first cylinder 2-8, a pressure relief valve 2-9, a third piston 2-10, and a rack 2-11, with the specific structure as follows: Figure 8 As shown, when the towerless floating wind turbine sways due to wind and waves, its torsional torque is transmitted to the first connecting column 2-6 through the connecting device 2, causing the first connecting column 2-6 to rotate.

[0056] The first connecting column 2-6 and the gear 2-7 are fixedly connected. The rack 2-11 moves relative to the gear 2-7 due to the rotation of the gear 2-7, thereby driving the two third pistons 2-10. The pressure relief valve 2-9 inside the cylinder limits the movement speed of the third pistons 2-10 by controlling the flow rate of hydraulic oil, forming a buffer damping effect. This prevents the key components of torque transmission—the first connecting column 2-6, the gear 2-7 and rack 2-11, the third pistons 2-10, the first cylinder 2-8, and the pressure relief valve 2-9—from being damaged by instantaneous impact. In this embodiment, the pressure relief valve is an adjustable flow control valve, which limits the piston movement speed by restricting the hydraulic oil flow rate.

[0057] The working process of the anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device of the present invention is as follows:

[0058] 1) Docking and locking stage:

[0059] The core actuator of the grab hook connection assembly 1, the grab hook ruler 1-1, is in a fully open state. The opening angle has been preset and calibrated to ensure that the connecting column 2-4 of the towerless floating wind turbine connection assembly 2 can smoothly enter the inlet channel of the grab hook housing 1-4, avoiding docking jamming due to initial angle deviation. The slider 1-7 stops at the initial reference position of the guide rail, ensuring that the starting point of the slider 1-7 is consistent for each docking, thus improving docking repeatability.

[0060] When the solenoid valve 1-5 is connected to the rated working voltage, the electromagnetic force drives the internal iron core to move, causing the wedge 1-6 to rise vertically and completely break free from the constraint range of the opening 1-1, reserving mechanical space for the subsequent movement of the slider 1-7 and the falling and locking of the wedge. At this time, the wedge is in a ready state to be locked.

[0061] 2) Insertion trigger:

[0062] Under driving force (e.g., the thrust of a floating wind turbine without a tower), connecting column 2-4 inserts into the inlet of the grab hook housing 1-4 along the axial direction, contacting and pushing slider 1-7 to move linearly backward along the guide rail. A sliding bearing between slider 1-7 and the guide rail ensures smooth movement. The rack on the side of slider 1-7 meshes with gear 1-3, converting the rack's movement speed into the gear's rotational speed through the gear's reduction ratio. The rotating shaft of gear 1-3 is connected to the driving end of sliding connector 1-8 via a coupling, converting the rotational motion into the linear forward movement of sliding connector 1-8. Sliding connector 1-8 transmits tension through grab hook connecting chain 1-2, pulling grab hook ruler 1-1 to rotate around the hinge point. The rotation angle of the grab hook ruler increases linearly with the insertion depth of the connecting column until the grab hook ruler and connecting column 2-4 are completely engaged, achieving initial clamping of the connecting column.

[0063] 3) Mechanical locking:

[0064] During the backward movement of slider 1-7, the pre-set opening 1-14 on the surface moves synchronously with the slider. When the slider moves to the preset end point of the stroke, the central axis of opening 1-14 is completely coincident with the central axis of wedge 1-6. At this time, the solenoid valve is de-energized, the electromagnetic force disappears, and wedge 1-6 falls rapidly in the vertical direction under its own gravity, accurately locking into the groove of opening 1-14 to form an interference fit. The self-locking mechanism of the wedge surface locks the position of slider 1-7. At this time, the slider can no longer move along the guide rail, and the clamping force of hook ruler 1-1 on connecting column 2-4 is instantly increased, realizing mechanical rigid locking and preventing the hook from loosening due to external disturbance.

[0065] 4) Shock buffering:

[0066] When encountering sudden impact loads (such as wave impacts or platform swaying), the connecting column 2-4 generates additional impact force on the slider 1-7, pushing the slider 1-7 to overcome the locking preload and continue moving backward. This, in turn, drives the first piston 1-9 to move into the sealed air chamber, compressing the hydraulic oil inside. Under the piston's compression, the hydraulic oil flows out through the throttling channel of the hydraulic pressure relief valve 1-10, increasing the valve core opening and allowing more hydraulic oil to pass through. When the pressure is below the threshold, the valve core opening decreases, limiting the oil flow. Through dynamic control of the oil flow rate, the piston's movement speed is kept within a preset range, thereby converting instantaneous impact energy into the thermal and pressure energy of the hydraulic oil, achieving the absorption and buffering of impact energy.

[0067] 5) Unlocking and Separation Phase: When mooring needs to be released, the control system sends an energizing signal to solenoid valve 1-5. Due to magnetic attraction, solenoid valve 1-5 lifts the wedge and disengages from the opening. The wind turbine applies a reverse pulling force through the towerless floating wind turbine connecting assembly. Connecting column 2-4 pushes the slider to move in the opposite direction, causing the grab hook connecting chain 1-2 to open the grab hook ruler 1-1, and connecting column 2-4 disengages from the grab hook connecting assembly 1-2. During this process, the first pressure relief valve 2-3 controls the hydraulic oil flow rate to prevent secondary impacts from excessively rapid reverse movement of the slider and piston, ensuring a smooth separation process. After the connecting column is completely disengaged, all components of the grab hook connecting assembly return to their initial positions, awaiting the next mooring operation.

[0068] 6) Anti-torsion working stage: When the fan oscillates, the connecting column 2-4 rotates, driving the gear 2-7 to rotate. The gear drives the rack 2-11 to move, and the rack 2-11 drives the third piston 2-10 to move within the first cylinder 2-8. The pressure relief valve 2-9 in the first cylinder 2-8 controls the hydraulic oil flow, limits the piston movement speed, and forms a buffer damping to prevent damage to components caused by the instantaneous impact of the fan's torsion.

Claims

1. A single-point mooring device for an anti-overturning, towerless floating wind turbine, characterized in that: It includes a hook connection assembly (1), a wind turbine connection assembly (2), and a single-point mooring floating platform (3); the hook connection assembly (1) and the single-point mooring floating platform (3) are connected by a first piston (1-12) and a hydraulic cylinder; The hook connection assembly (1) includes a hook ruler (1-1), a hook housing (1-4), an electromagnetic locking assembly, and a sliding connector (1-8); the electromagnetic locking assembly includes a solenoid valve (1-5) and a wedge (1-6); The hook housing (1-4) includes a guide groove and a sealed air chamber. The guide groove contains a slide rail and a slider (1-7). One end of the slider (1-7) is connected to a piston (1-9). One end of the piston (1-9) extends into the sealed air chamber. The sealed air chamber contains a hydraulic pressure relief valve (1-10). The sliding connector (1-8) includes a main slide rod and a transmission seat with a transmission shaft, on which a gear (1-3) is mounted; a connecting chain (1-2) connects the main slide rod and the grab hook ruler (1-1); the slider (1-7) has a rack that meshes with the gear (1-3); the slider (1-7) has an opening (1-14) for inserting a wedge (1-6); The fan connection assembly (2) includes a support platform (2-1), a first connecting column (2-6), and a connecting column (2-4) that is inserted into the grab hook ruler (1-1). A first hydraulic cylinder (2-2) and a second piston (2-5) are located between the connecting column (2-4) and the first connecting column (2-6). A gear (2-7) is provided on the first connecting column (2-6). A first cylinder (2-8) and a third piston (2-10) are located in the support platform (2-1). The gear (2-7) is meshed with a rack (2-11). The end of the rack (2-11) is connected to the third piston (2-10).

2. The anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grab hook ruler (1-1) includes multiple arc-shaped engagement components, which are connected to the sliding connector (1-8) via a connecting chain (1-2).

3. The anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hook housing (1-4) has a guide groove inside, and the connecting post (2-4) is inserted into the guide groove.

4. The anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main slide bar is equipped with a guide slider that moves along the outer shell (1-4) of the grab hook.

5. The anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first hydraulic cylinder (2-2) contains a first pressure relief valve (2-3), which adjusts the damping force generated by the movement of the second piston (2-5).

6. The anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support platform (2-1) has a first cylinder (2-8) and a third piston (2-10) connected at both ends. The gear (2-7) is meshed with a rack (2-11), and the end of the rack (2-11) is connected to the third piston (2-10).

7. The anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic pressure relief valve (1-10) is an adjustable flow control valve.

8. The anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slider (1-7) has a groove, and the piston (1-9) is inserted into the groove.

9. The anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission base with the transmission shaft has a built-in bearing and coupling that are connected to the rotating shaft of the gear (1-3).

10. The anti-overturning towerless floating wind turbine single-point mooring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first piston (1-12) is symmetrically hinged on both sides of the hook housing (1-4).

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