High-efficiency energy-saving cyclone type coal powder injection gun and using method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the field of metallurgical blast furnace equipment, and discloses an efficient energy-saving cyclone type coal powder injection gun and a use method thereof, wherein the efficient energy-saving cyclone type coal powder injection gun comprises a gun body straight pipe section, a gun head, a gun tail connecting seat, a compressed air conveying pipe, a coal powder conveying pipe, a mixing assembly and a compressed air shunt assembly; the gun body straight pipe section comprises an outer pipe and an inner pipe, and a cooling channel is formed between the outer pipe and the inner pipe. The application has the following advantages and effects: the mixing uniformity of compressed air and coal powder can be improved, stratification and uneven concentration of the air and the powder can be avoided, the mixture of the compressed air and the coal powder can be more dispersedly injected into a furnace, the burnout rate and the combustion efficiency of the coal powder are improved, the heat of the gun body straight pipe section and the gun head can be taken away, the structural strength and the size stability of the whole injection gun are ensured, the phenomena of gun head ablation, hole blockage, coking and slag sticking are effectively reduced, the service life of the gun head is greatly prolonged, and the energy-saving and environmental protection effects are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of metallurgical blast furnace equipment technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency and energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Pulverized coal injection in blast furnaces is a key process in modern blast furnace smelting. It can effectively reduce the coke ratio, save production costs, and improve production efficiency. As a core component, the pulverized coal injection lance directly affects the injection stability, pulverized coal combustion efficiency, and equipment service life.

[0003] The existing announcement number CN213232350U discloses an energy-saving pulverized coal injection lance for blast furnaces, which consists of a lance barrel and a tee connected to the tail of the lance barrel. The lance barrel is provided with at least one section of a rifling guide tube with a ceramic-lined rifling guide groove; the rifling guide tube has a metal outer tube connected to the lance body and a ceramic-lined rifling tube nested inside the metal outer tube.

[0004] However, the existing technologies represented by the aforementioned patents still have at least the following shortcomings: insufficient mixing of pulverized coal and compressed air within the tee can easily lead to air-powder stratification, uneven concentration, and powder accumulation, resulting in injection fluctuations and incomplete combustion. This reduces energy efficiency and easily causes localized powder accumulation and blockage in the pipeline. Furthermore, with only a heat-insulating outer layer at the front end of the spray gun, the front end is prone to erosion, bending, and reduced strength due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures. The front end is also susceptible to damage from prolonged exposure to high-temperature radiation from the blast furnace, slag adhesion, and flue gas scouring. Additionally, the discharge nozzle is prone to coking, slag buildup, and blockage, affecting injection smoothness and shortening the overall lifespan of the spray gun. Therefore, we propose a high-efficiency, energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun and its application method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a high-efficiency and energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun and its usage method. It can improve the uniformity of the mixing of compressed air and pulverized coal, avoid air-powder stratification and uneven concentration, ensure that the mixture of compressed air and pulverized coal is more dispersed when injected into the furnace, improve the pulverized coal burnout rate and combustion efficiency, and remove the heat from the straight pipe section and nozzle of the gun body, ensuring the overall structural strength and dimensional stability of the spray gun, effectively reducing nozzle erosion, clogging, coking and slag formation, significantly extending the service life of the nozzle, and achieving energy saving and environmental protection effects.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: a high-efficiency and energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun, comprising a straight pipe section of the gun body, a gun head, a gun tail connector, a compressed air conveying pipe, a pulverized coal conveying pipe, a mixing component, and a compressed air distribution component; the straight pipe section of the gun body includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe, with a cooling channel formed between the outer pipe and the inner pipe; the gun head is located at the left end of the straight pipe section of the gun body, and the left ends of both the outer pipe and the inner pipe are fixedly connected to the gun head; a discharge channel is provided inside the gun head, and a rifling-lined ceramic guide pipe is installed in the discharge channel; multiple reduced-diameter air outlet channels are provided inside the gun head, the inner diameter of which decreases sequentially from right to left; the multiple reduced-diameter air outlet channels are distributed in a ring at equal intervals around the discharge channel; the right ends of the multiple reduced-diameter air outlet channels are all connected to the cooling channel; the gun tail connector... The base is located at the right end of the straight tube section of the gun body. The right ends of both the outer and inner tubes are fixedly connected to the gun tail connector. A mixing chamber is opened inside the gun tail connector. A reduced-diameter feed hole is opened on the left inner wall of the mixing chamber. The inner diameter of the reduced-diameter feed hole decreases from right to left. The reduced-diameter feed hole is connected to the inner tube. The compressed air delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the gun tail connector and is inclined. The compressed air delivery pipe is connected to the mixing chamber. The pulverized coal delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the right side of the gun tail connector and is connected to the mixing chamber. The mixing component is set in the mixing chamber to mix the compressed air and pulverized coal evenly. The compressed air diversion component is set at the connection between the straight tube section of the gun body and the gun tail connector to evenly deliver part of the compressed air in the compressed air delivery pipe to the cooling channel.

[0007] Optionally, the discharge channel includes an equal-diameter discharge hole and a reduced-diameter discharge hole. The reduced-diameter discharge hole is located at the left end of the equal-diameter discharge hole. The inner diameter of the reduced-diameter discharge hole decreases sequentially from right to left. The right end of the equal-diameter discharge hole is connected to the inner tube. The ceramic guide tube of the rifling line is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the equal-diameter discharge hole.

[0008] Optionally, the compressed air distribution assembly includes an annular air distribution shroud, a distribution pipe, an electromagnetic flow regulating valve, and multiple L-shaped air distribution pipes. The annular air distribution shroud is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the right end of the outer pipe. The outer wall of the annular air distribution shroud is fixedly connected to the left side of the gun tail connector. One end of the distribution pipe is fixedly connected to the compressed air delivery pipe, and the other end of the distribution pipe extends into the annular air distribution shroud. The electromagnetic flow regulating valve is fixedly installed on the distribution pipe. Multiple L-shaped air distribution pipes are all fixedly installed on the inner annular wall of the annular air distribution shroud and are distributed in an evenly spaced ring. One end of each of the multiple L-shaped air distribution pipes is connected to the inside of the annular air distribution shroud, and the other end of each of the multiple L-shaped air distribution pipes extends into the cooling channel.

[0009] Optionally, a gas flow sensor is fixedly installed on the compressed air delivery pipe, and a gas flow sensor is fixedly installed on the diversion pipe.

[0010] Optionally, the angle between the axis of the compressed air conveying pipe and the coal powder conveying pipe is 30°-45°.

[0011] Optionally, the mixing assembly includes two bearing seats, a rotating shaft, and three guide vanes. The two bearing seats are fixedly installed on the top inner wall and bottom inner wall of the mixing chamber, respectively. The two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the corresponding bearing seats, and the three guide vanes are fixedly installed on the rotating shaft and arranged in an equally spaced ring.

[0012] Optionally, the axis of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the compressed air delivery pipe.

[0013] A method for using the above-mentioned high-efficiency and energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun includes the following operating steps:

[0014] S1: Turn on gas flow sensor one and gas flow sensor two, set the opening of the electromagnetic flow regulating valve, preset the compressed air flow distribution ratio, connect the pulverized coal conveying pump and the pulverized coal conveying pipe, connect the compressed air source and the compressed air conveying pipe, and confirm that the gas source pressure and pulverized coal conveying pressure meet the process requirements.

[0015] S2: Controlled compressed air enters the mixing chamber through the compressed air delivery pipe, and controlled coal powder enters the mixing chamber through the coal powder delivery pipe, so that the coal powder and compressed air are initially mixed in the mixing chamber. At the same time, the kinetic energy of the airflow generated by the compressed air discharged from the compressed air delivery pipe drives the three guide vanes and the rotating shaft to rotate. During the rotation of the three guide vanes, the coal powder and compressed air are forcibly disturbed, so that the coal powder and compressed air are uniformly mixed. The uniformly mixed coal powder and compressed air mixture enters the inner tube through the narrowed feed hole and is conveyed at a uniform speed towards the nozzle. The coal powder and compressed air mixture is then conveyed through the reciprocating flow inside the nozzle. The ceramic guide tubes inside the line form a swirling flow, which is injected into the blast furnace through the reduced-diameter discharge hole for combustion. At the same time, part of the compressed air diverted by the splitter pipe first enters the annular gas distribution hood, and then enters the cooling channel through multiple L-shaped gas distribution pipes with equal spacing. The compressed air in the cooling channel flows axially to cool the straight section of the lance body, and then is ejected at high speed through multiple reduced-diameter air outlet channels with equal spacing. This not only cools the lance head, but also forms an annular gas film around the reduced-diameter discharge hole of the lance head, which isolates the high temperature radiation of the blast furnace, slag adhesion and flue gas scouring, while continuously blowing the outer wall of the reduced-diameter discharge hole of the lance head.

[0016] S3: After the work is completed, first cut off the coal powder supply, and continue to keep the compressed air in. Continue to blow the mixing chamber, inner tube, ceramic guide tube of the rifling line and the reduced diameter discharge hole for three to five minutes to completely blow away the residual coal powder. Then close the electromagnetic flow regulating valve, stop the air supply to the cooling channel, and finally cut off the compressed air supply to prepare for the next use.

[0017] This application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] 1. The compressed air diversion component designed in this application enables a portion of the compressed air to be diverted into the cooling channel for axial straight flow and discharged from multiple reduced-diameter air outlet channels. This removes heat from the straight pipe section of the gun body and the gun head, ensuring the overall structural strength and dimensional stability of the vortex pulverized coal spray gun. It significantly reduces the probability of deformation, burn-off, and cracking at high temperatures. The cooling air also participates in the combustion of pulverized coal, without waste or additional energy consumption. Furthermore, the cooling air is ejected at high speed through multiple annularly distributed reduced-diameter air outlet channels, forming a complete annular air film around the gun head. This effectively isolates the high-temperature radiation of the blast furnace, slag adhesion, and flue gas scouring, effectively reducing gun head erosion and significantly extending the service life of the gun head.

[0019] 2. The inner diameter of the reduced-diameter air outlet channel in this application decreases from right to left, which accelerates the airflow and improves the cooling efficiency. At the same time, it continuously purifies the outer wall of the nozzle and the surrounding area of ​​the nozzle, preventing coal powder from coking, clogging the hole and slag, preventing coal powder from flowing back and keeping the nozzle unobstructed.

[0020] 3. This application designs an electromagnetic flow regulating valve, which, in conjunction with gas flow sensor one and gas flow sensor two, can accurately adjust the distribution ratio of compressed air. While ensuring the cooling effect, it does not affect the main coal powder injection pressure and flow rate, avoids ineffective loss of compressed air, and achieves energy-saving operation.

[0021] 4. The mixing mechanism designed in this application can forcibly disturb and turbulently mix the compressed air and pulverized coal in the mixing chamber, avoiding air-powder stratification and uneven concentration, and ensuring a stable and continuous concentration of the air-powder mixture entering the inner tube. At the same time, the rotating guide vanes continuously agitate the inside of the mixing chamber, which can destroy the conditions for pulverized coal deposition and adhesion, prevent pulverized coal accumulation and agglomeration in dead corners of the mixing chamber, and significantly reduce the risk of blockage at the narrow-diameter feed inlet and inner tube. Moreover, the shaft is driven to rotate autonomously by the thrust of compressed air, without external power or complex transmission components, resulting in a low failure rate and long service life, making it suitable for long-term continuous operation of blast furnaces. By uniformly mixing compressed air and pulverized coal and then conveying it through the inner tube to the ceramic guide tube of the lance head, the vortex formed by the pulverized coal in the ceramic guide tube of the lance head can be made more stable and the spray more dispersed, improving the pulverized coal burnout rate in the furnace, improving combustion efficiency, and achieving energy saving and environmental protection effects. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a partial sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the main view of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of part B in the middle section;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the gun tail connector, compressed air delivery pipe, pulverized coal delivery pipe and compressed air diversion assembly;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the gun head;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a frontal sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the gun head;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mixing component.

[0030] In the diagram, 1. Gun body straight pipe section; 101. Outer pipe; 102. Inner pipe; 103. Cooling channel; 2. Gun head; 201. Equal diameter discharge hole; 202. Reduced diameter discharge hole; 203. Reduced diameter air outlet channel; 3. Gun tail connector; 301. Mixing chamber; 302. Reduced diameter feed hole; 4. Compressed air conveying pipe; 5. Coal powder conveying pipe; 6. Mixing assembly; 601. Shaft seat; 602. Rotating shaft; 603. Guide vane; 7. Annular gas distribution hood; 8. Diverter pipe; 9. Electromagnetic flow regulating valve; 10. L-shaped gas distribution pipe; 11. Gas flow sensor one; 12. Gas flow sensor two; 13. Rifling line inner ceramic guide pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] See Figures 1-8The high-efficiency and energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal lance provided in this application includes: a straight pipe section 1 of the lance body, a lance head 2, a lance tail connector 3, a compressed air conveying pipe 4, a pulverized coal conveying pipe 5, a mixing component 6, and a compressed air distribution component; the straight pipe section 1 of the lance body includes an outer pipe 101 and an inner pipe 102, with a cooling channel 103 formed between the outer pipe 101 and the inner pipe 102; the lance head 2 is located at the left end of the straight pipe section 1 of the lance body, and the left ends of both the outer pipe 101 and the inner pipe 102 are fixedly connected to the lance head 2; a discharge channel is opened inside the lance head 2, and a rifling-lined ceramic guide pipe 13 is installed in the discharge channel. The rifling-lined ceramic guide pipe 13 can form a forced swirl, causing the mixture of pulverized coal and compressed air to be sprayed out in a spiral shape, resulting in more uniform diffusion and more thorough mixing with hot air in the blast furnace, significantly improving efficiency. To improve the pulverized coal combustion rate, the ceramic guide tube 13 of the rifling line adopts a variable pitch, shallow groove, and polished ceramic rifling line. The inlet (right end of the ceramic guide tube 13) has a large pitch, while the outlet (left end) has a small pitch. This allows the pulverized coal and compressed air mixture to form a self-cleaning vortex, resulting in higher outlet vortex intensity and a wider pulverized coal spray coverage, effectively preventing local accumulation and incomplete combustion. Furthermore, the inner surface of the ceramic guide tube 13 is coated with an ultra-smooth ceramic coating (e.g., an alumina and zirconium oxide composite ceramic coating), which effectively reduces adhesion. Multiple reduced-diameter air outlet channels 203 are provided inside the nozzle 2, with the inner diameter of each channel decreasing sequentially from right to left. The air outlet channels 203 are distributed in a ring at equal intervals around the discharge channel. The right ends of multiple reduced-diameter air outlet channels 203 are all connected to the cooling channel 103. The gun tail connector 3 is located at the right end of the straight pipe section 1 of the gun body. The right ends of the outer pipe 101 and the inner pipe 102 are fixedly connected to the gun tail connector 3. A mixing chamber 301 is opened inside the gun tail connector 3. A reduced-diameter feed hole 302 is opened on the left inner wall of the mixing chamber 301. The inner diameter of the reduced-diameter feed hole 302 decreases from right to left. The reduced-diameter feed hole 302 is connected to the inner pipe 102. The design of the reduced-diameter feed hole 302 can form a Venturi effect, accelerate the flow of the mixture of coal powder and compressed air into the inner pipe 102, reduce resistance and stagnation, and reduce the probability of gun blockage from the source. The compressed air delivery pipe 4 is fixed. The compressed air delivery pipe 4 is connected to the top of the gun tail connector 3 and is inclined. It is connected to the mixing chamber 301. The end of the compressed air delivery pipe 4 away from the mixing chamber 301 is fixedly connected to the outlet port of the external compressed air bottle. The pulverized coal delivery pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the right side of the gun tail connector 3. It is connected to the mixing chamber 301. The end of the pulverized coal delivery pipe 5 away from the mixing chamber 301 is fixedly connected to the outlet port of the external pulverized coal delivery pump. The mixing component 6 is set in the mixing chamber 301 to mix the compressed air and pulverized coal evenly in the mixing chamber 301. It ensures that the mixture of compressed air and pulverized coal is fully turbulently mixed before entering the inner tube 102, so that the air-powder ratio is uniform and avoids the local concentration of the mixture of compressed air and pulverized coal being too high or the powder being broken.The compressed air diversion assembly is located at the connection between the straight pipe section 1 of the lance body and the lance tail connector 3. It is used to evenly deliver a portion of the compressed air from the compressed air delivery pipe 4 to the cooling channel 103. The compressed air flows axially and linearly within the cooling channel 103 and exits through multiple reduced-diameter air outlet channels 203. This effectively cools the straight pipe section 1 of the lance body and the lance head 2. The multiple equally spaced annularly distributed reduced-diameter air outlet channels 203 evenly spray the cooling air, forming an air film protection on the surface of the lance head 2. This isolates the blast furnace's high-temperature radiation and slag adhesion, significantly reducing lance head erosion, preventing pulverized coal backflow, and improving pulverized coal burnout rate. This reduces pulverized coal consumption per unit of blast furnace coal and minimizes environmental pollution caused by unburned pulverized coal, achieving both energy saving and environmental protection.

[0033] In this embodiment, the discharge channel includes an equal-diameter discharge hole 201 and a reduced-diameter discharge hole 202. The reduced-diameter discharge hole 202 is located at the left end of the equal-diameter discharge hole 201. The inner diameter of the reduced-diameter discharge hole 202 decreases from right to left. The right end of the equal-diameter discharge hole 201 is connected to the inner tube 102. The rifling line lining ceramic guide tube 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the equal-diameter discharge hole 201.

[0034] In this embodiment, the compressed air distribution assembly includes an annular air distribution hood 7, a distribution pipe 8, an electromagnetic flow regulating valve 9, and multiple L-shaped air distribution pipes 10. The annular air distribution hood 7 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the right end of the outer pipe 101. The right outer wall of the annular air distribution hood 7 is fixedly connected to the left side of the nozzle tail connector 3. One end of the distribution pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the compressed air delivery pipe 4, and the other end of the distribution pipe 8 extends into the annular air distribution hood 7. The electromagnetic flow regulating valve 9 is fixedly installed on the distribution pipe 8. The multiple L-shaped air distribution pipes 10 are all fixedly installed on the inner annular wall of the annular air distribution hood 7 and are distributed in an evenly spaced ring. One end of each of the multiple L-shaped air distribution pipes 10 is connected to the inside of the annular air distribution hood 7, and the other end of each of the multiple L-shaped air distribution pipes 10 extends into the cooling channel 103. The electromagnetic flow regulating valve 9 can precisely regulate the air flow rate of compressed air entering the cooling channel 103 through the splitter pipe 8. The gas flow sensor 11 can monitor the air flow rate of compressed air entering the mixing chamber 301 in real time, and the gas flow sensor 12 can monitor the air flow rate of compressed air entering the cooling channel 103 in real time, so as to realize the function of distributing the main injection air and cooling air on demand and avoid the waste of compressed air.

[0035] In this embodiment, a gas flow sensor 11 is fixedly installed on the compressed air delivery pipe 4, and a gas flow sensor 22 is fixedly installed on the diversion pipe 8.

[0036] In this embodiment, the angle between the axes of the compressed air conveying pipe 4 and the pulverized coal conveying pipe 5 is 30°-45°, ensuring that the flow directions of compressed air and pulverized coal form a reasonable angle, enhancing the mixing effect, eliminating eddy dead zones, and laying the foundation for the initial mixing of compressed air and pulverized coal.

[0037] In this embodiment, the mixing component 6 includes two bearing seats 601, a rotating shaft 602, and three guide vanes 603. The two bearing seats 601 are fixedly installed on the top inner wall and bottom inner wall of the mixing chamber 301, respectively. The two ends of the rotating shaft 602 are rotatably connected to the corresponding bearing seats 601. The axis of the rotating shaft 602 is perpendicular to the axis of the compressed air conveying pipe 4. The three guide vanes 603 are all fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 602 and arranged in an evenly spaced ring. By utilizing the kinetic energy generated when the compressed air discharged from the compressed air conveying pipe 4 flows, the three guide vanes 603 and the rotating shaft 602 can be driven to rotate, thereby forcibly disturbing and turbulently mixing the compressed air and coal powder entering the mixing chamber 301. This can efficiently and uniformly mix the air and coal powder, avoid air-powder stratification and uneven concentration, and ensure that the concentration of the air-powder mixture entering the inner pipe 102 is stable and continuous.

[0038] In this embodiment, it should be noted that a heat-insulating outer layer is provided on the outer surface of the gun head 2 and the outer surface of the front end of the straight tube section 1 of the gun body located inside the furnace. The provision of the heat-insulating outer layer is a conventional technology in the field. Those skilled in the art can refer to the descriptions of existing patents 201922264468.2 and 201721428226.7. No creative effort is required, and it will not be described in detail here.

[0039] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic flow regulating valve 9, the gas flow sensor 11, and the gas flow sensor 212 are all electrically connected to the external control panel. Their wiring connection method and control method are mature technologies in this field and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] In this embodiment, the working principle of the high-efficiency and energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun provided in this application, based on the above structure, is as follows:

[0041] Powdered coal enters the mixing chamber 301 of the gun tail connector 3 through the powdered coal conveying pipe 5. Compressed air enters the mixing chamber 301 through the inclined compressed air conveying pipe 4, where it intersects with the powdered coal, forming a preliminary mixture. The airflow generated by the compressed air exiting the compressed air conveying pipe 4 drives the three guide vanes 603 and the rotating shaft 602 to rotate. The rotating guide vanes 603 forcibly disturb and turbulently disperse the compressed air and powdered coal entering the mixing chamber 301, resulting in a uniform mixture. The uniformly mixed compressed air and powdered coal mixture then... The reduced-diameter feed hole 302 accelerates and smoothly enters the inner tube 102 and is conveyed towards the direction of the gun head 2. The compressed air and coal powder mixture in the inner tube 102 enters the rifling line inner ceramic guide tube 13 in the gun head 2. The rifling line inner ceramic guide tube 13 uses the variable pitch rifling line structure to force the air and coal powder to form a stable swirling flow and produce a self-cleaning effect. The swirling air and coal powder is accelerated again through the reduced-diameter discharge hole 202 and is injected into the blast furnace at high speed in a spiral shape, so that the swirling coal powder is evenly diffused in the furnace and fully contacts the heat, which greatly improves the coal powder combustion rate.

[0042] Simultaneously, the electromagnetic flow regulating valve 9 is opened to a suitable degree. A portion of the compressed air in the compressed air delivery pipe 4 enters the annular air distribution hood 7 via the splitter pipe 8, and then is evenly distributed into the cooling channel 103 through multiple equally spaced L-shaped air distribution pipes 10. Gas flow sensors 11 and 12 are used to monitor the airflow entering the mixing chamber 301 and cooling channel 103 in real time. By adjusting the opening of the electromagnetic flow regulating valve 9, the proportion of compressed air splitting can be controlled, ensuring balanced operation of spraying and cooling. The cooling air flows axially in a straight line within the cooling channel 103, effectively removing heat from the straight section 1 of the gun body. Active air cooling is achieved. The cooling air discharged from the cooling channel 103 eventually flows into the multiple reduced-diameter air outlet channels 203 of the gun head 2. As the inner diameter of the reduced-diameter air outlet channel 203 decreases from right to left, it is further accelerated, causing the compressed air to be ejected at high speed from the reduced-diameter air outlet channel 203, which can remove the heat on the gun head 2. In addition, the compressed air ejected from the multiple reduced-diameter air outlet channels 203 forms an annular air film around the reduced-diameter discharge hole 202 of the gun head 2, which can isolate the high temperature radiation of the blast furnace, slag adhesion and flue gas scouring, while continuously blowing the outer wall of the reduced-diameter discharge hole 202 of the gun head 2. This compressed air eventually participates in the combustion in the furnace, with no gas waste and no additional energy consumption.

[0043] It should be noted that the opening degree of the electromagnetic flow regulating valve 9, that is, the ratio of compressed air flow into the mixing chamber 301 and the cooling channel 103, can be obtained through a limited number of experiments. Those skilled in the art can set the opening degree of the electromagnetic flow regulating valve 9 according to the experiment. The specific value of the air flow ratio is not within the scope of protection of this solution, so it will not be described in detail in this article.

[0044] The above provides a detailed description of a high-efficiency and energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun and its usage method provided in this application. Specific embodiments have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun, characterized in that, include: The gun body straight tube section (1) includes an outer tube (101) and an inner tube (102), and a cooling channel (103) is formed between the outer tube (101) and the inner tube (102). The gun head (2) is located at the left end of the straight tube section (1) of the gun body. The left ends of the outer tube (101) and the inner tube (102) are fixedly connected to the gun head (2). The gun head (2) has a discharge channel inside. The discharge channel is equipped with a ceramic guide tube (13) with a rifling liner inside. The gun head (2) has multiple reduced diameter air outlet channels (203). The inner diameter of the reduced diameter air outlet channels (203) decreases from right to left. The multiple reduced diameter air outlet channels (203) are distributed in a ring with equal spacing around the discharge channel. The right ends of the multiple reduced diameter air outlet channels (203) are connected to the cooling channel (103). The gun tail connector (3) is located at the right end of the straight tube section (1) of the gun body. The right ends of the outer tube (101) and the inner tube (102) are fixedly connected to the gun tail connector (3). The gun tail connector (3) has a mixing chamber (301) inside. The mixing chamber (301) has a reduced diameter feed hole (302) on the left inner wall. The inner diameter of the reduced diameter feed hole (302) decreases from right to left. The reduced diameter feed hole (302) is connected to the inner tube (102). A compressed air delivery pipe (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the gun tail connector (3) and is inclined. The compressed air delivery pipe (4) is connected to the mixing chamber (301). The pulverized coal conveying pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the right side of the gun tail connector (3), and the pulverized coal conveying pipe (5) is connected to the mixing chamber (301); A mixing component (6) is disposed in the mixing chamber (301) for mixing the compressed air and coal powder entering the mixing chamber (301) evenly. The compressed air diversion assembly is located at the connection between the straight pipe section (1) of the gun body and the gun tail connector (3) to uniformly transport part of the compressed air in the compressed air delivery pipe (4) to the cooling channel (103).

2. The high-efficiency energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge channel includes an equal diameter discharge hole (201) and a reduced diameter discharge hole (202). The reduced diameter discharge hole (202) is located at the left end of the equal diameter discharge hole (201). The inner diameter of the reduced diameter discharge hole (202) decreases from right to left. The right end of the equal diameter discharge hole (201) is connected to the inner tube (102). The ceramic guide tube (13) of the rifling line is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the equal diameter discharge hole (201).

3. The high-efficiency and energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressed air distribution assembly includes an annular air distribution hood (7), a distribution pipe (8), an electromagnetic flow regulating valve (9), and multiple L-shaped air distribution pipes (10). The annular air distribution hood (7) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the right end of the outer pipe (101). The outer wall of the right side of the annular air distribution hood (7) is fixedly connected to the left side of the gun tail connector (3). One end of the distribution pipe (8) is fixedly connected to the compressed air delivery pipe (4). The other end of the distribution pipe (8) extends into the annular air distribution hood (7). The electromagnetic flow regulating valve (9) is fixedly installed on the distribution pipe (8). Multiple L-shaped air distribution pipes (10) are fixedly installed on the inner ring wall of the annular air distribution hood (7) and are distributed in an evenly spaced ring. One end of each L-shaped air distribution pipe (10) is connected to the inside of the annular air distribution hood (7). The other end of each L-shaped air distribution pipe (10) extends into the cooling channel (103).

4. The high-efficiency energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun according to claim 3, characterized in that: A gas flow sensor (11) is fixedly installed on the compressed air delivery pipe (4), and a gas flow sensor (12) is fixedly installed on the diversion pipe (8).

5. The high-efficiency energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the axis of the compressed air conveying pipe (4) and the coal powder conveying pipe (5) is 30°-45°.

6. The high-efficiency and energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing assembly (6) includes two bearing seats (601), a rotating shaft (602), and three guide vanes (603). The two bearing seats (601) are fixedly installed on the top inner wall and the bottom inner wall of the mixing chamber (301), respectively. The two ends of the rotating shaft (602) are rotatably connected to the corresponding bearing seats (601), and the three guide vanes (603) are all fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (602) and arranged in an evenly spaced ring.

7. The high-efficiency and energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun according to claim 6, characterized in that: The axis of the rotating shaft (602) is perpendicular to the axis of the compressed air delivery pipe (4).

8. A method of using a high-efficiency, energy-saving swirl-type pulverized coal spray gun according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The following steps are included: S1: Turn on gas flow sensor one (11) and gas flow sensor two (12), set the opening of electromagnetic flow regulating valve (9), preset the gas flow distribution ratio of compressed air, connect the coal powder conveying pump and the coal powder conveying pipe (5), connect the compressed air source and the compressed air conveying pipe (4), and confirm that the gas source pressure and coal powder conveying pressure meet the process requirements. S2: Control the compressed air to enter the mixing chamber (301) through the compressed air delivery pipe (4), and control the pulverized coal to enter the mixing chamber (301) through the pulverized coal delivery pipe (5), so that the pulverized coal and compressed air are initially mixed in the mixing chamber (301). At the same time, the kinetic energy generated by the compressed air discharged from the compressed air delivery pipe (4) is used to drive the three guide vanes (603) and the rotating shaft (602) to rotate. During the rotation of the three guide vanes (603), the pulverized coal and compressed air are forcibly disturbed, so that the pulverized coal and compressed air are evenly mixed. The evenly mixed pulverized coal and compressed air mixture enters the inner tube (102) through the narrowed feed hole (302) and is uniformly conveyed towards the nozzle (2). The pulverized coal and compressed air mixture is fed into the nozzle (2) through the feed hole. The ceramic guide tube (13) of the double line forms a swirling flow, which is injected into the blast furnace through the reduced diameter discharge hole (202) for combustion. At the same time, part of the compressed air diverted by the diversion pipe (8) first enters the annular gas distribution hood (7), and then enters the cooling channel (103) through multiple L-shaped gas distribution pipes (10) with equal spacing. The compressed air in the cooling channel (103) flows axially to cool the straight pipe section (1) of the gun body, and then is ejected at high speed through multiple reduced diameter air outlet channels (203) with equal spacing. This can cool the gun head (2) and form an annular gas film around the reduced diameter discharge hole (202) of the gun head (2), which isolates the high temperature radiation of the blast furnace, slag adhesion and flue gas scouring, while continuously blowing the outer wall of the reduced diameter discharge hole 202 of the gun head 2. S3: After the work is completed, first cut off the coal powder supply, and continue to keep the compressed air in, and continuously blow the mixing chamber (301), inner tube (102), ceramic guide tube (13) of the rifling line and the reduced diameter discharge hole (202) for three to five minutes to completely blow away the residual coal powder. Then close the electromagnetic flow regulating valve (9), stop the air supply to the cooling channel (103), and finally cut off the compressed air supply to prepare for the next use.

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