Rail full profile polishing device and method with adaptive capability

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of rail polishing and grinding, and particularly discloses a rail full profile polishing device and method with self-adaptive capacity, which comprises a rack, a linear module fixed to the upper end of the rack, a base slidingly installed on the surface of the linear module, a first sliding block group installed on one side of the surface of the base, a rail bottom polishing unit installed on the other side of the surface of the base, a movable lateral polishing unit installed on the surface of the base, a fixed lateral polishing unit slidingly installed on the first sliding block group, a limiting wheel assembly installed on the two side walls of the movable lateral polishing unit and the fixed lateral polishing unit, and a rail body placed on the limiting wheel assembly. The rail full profile polishing device has certain pressure self-adaptive capacity, a lateral limiting wheel floating structure, and specially compensates for Z-direction error, so that the device has good compensation for the installation state of the rail and its own wear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rail maintenance application technology, specifically relating to a rail full-profile polishing device and method with adaptive capabilities. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, rail grinding / polishing equipment mainly focuses on the repair of the rail head area, while there is a lack or inadequacy in the automated polishing of the area below the rail web, especially the rail base area.

[0003] Existing full-profile polishing solutions typically employ multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arms, which are costly and difficult to maintain. They also have weak compensation capabilities for rail installation errors, wear conditions, or slight bending (Z-axis height variation), which can easily lead to uneven polishing or over-polishing. Therefore, a rail full-profile polishing device and method with adaptive capabilities is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rail full-profile polishing device and method with adaptive capability, so as to solve the problem of weak compensation capability for rail installation error, wear condition or slight bending mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rail full-profile polishing device with adaptive capability, comprising a frame; a straight module is fixed at the upper end of the frame, a base is slidably mounted on the surface of the straight module, a first slider group is mounted on one side of the surface of the base, a rail bottom polishing unit is mounted on the other side of the surface of the base, a fixed lateral polishing unit is mounted on the surface of the base, a movable lateral polishing unit is slidably mounted on the first slider group, limit wheel assemblies are mounted on the side walls of the movable lateral polishing unit and the fixed lateral polishing unit, a rail body is placed on the limit wheel assembly, a flatness detection component is mounted at one end of the straight module, and the straight module is fixed to the upper surface of the frame by screws.

[0006] Preferably, the rail bottom polishing unit includes a first frame, which is fixed to the surface of the base. Two first linear guides are installed on the side wall of the first frame. A second slider group is slidably installed on the first linear guides. A first motor mounting base is installed on the second slider group. A first motor body is installed on the surface of the first motor mounting base. A first grinding wheel is installed on the output end of the first motor body. A first cylinder is hinged to the side wall of the first frame.

[0007] Preferably, the active lateral polishing unit includes a second bracket, which is slidably mounted on the first slider group. A third cylinder is mounted on both sides of the bottom of the second bracket, and the output end of the third cylinder is connected to the first slider group. A second motor mounting seat is mounted on the second bracket via a sliding rail. A limit nut is installed between the second bracket and the second motor mounting seat. A second cylinder is mounted on the bottom inner end of the second bracket, and the output end of the second cylinder is fixedly connected to the top lower surface of the second motor mounting seat.

[0008] Preferably, a second motor body is installed on the output end of the second cylinder, and a second grinding wheel is installed on the output end of the second motor body.

[0009] Preferably, the rail body includes a rail base, a rail web is provided on the upper side of the rail base, and a rail jaw is provided on the upper side of the rail web.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting wheel assembly includes a first bracket, a sliding frame is mounted on the first bracket, a fourth cylinder is mounted at the bottom of the sliding frame, and a limiting wheel is slidably mounted in the sliding frame.

[0011] Preferably, the flatness detection component includes an L-shaped connecting frame, a Z-axis frame mounted on the L-shaped connecting frame, a Z-axis detection telescopic cylinder mounted on the Z-axis frame, an X-axis detection sliding frame mounted on the output end of the Z-axis detection telescopic cylinder, an X-axis detection sliding frame mounted on the X-axis detection sliding frame and a Y-axis detection sliding frame mounted on the X-axis detection track, a rotary motor mounted on the outer wall of the Z-axis frame, the rotary motor being connected to a pulley at one end of the X-axis detection sliding frame via a transmission belt, and the transmission belt being in frictional contact with a roller on the Y-axis detection sliding frame, a Y-axis detection telescopic cylinder mounted on the upper surface of the Y-axis detection sliding frame, and a flatness detector mounted on the output end of the Y-axis detection telescopic cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the first slider group and the fixed side polishing unit are fixedly connected by bolts, and the polishing surface of the fixed side polishing unit is adapted to the side of the rail web of the rail body. The sliding fit between the linear module and the base is achieved by ball screw drive, and the guide rail length of the linear module is not less than the length of a single polishing section of the rail body.

[0013] Preferably, the linear module is fixed to the upper surface of the frame with screws. An instrument storage box is installed at the bottom inner side of the frame. Height adjustment rods and wheels are installed around the bottom of the frame. A bracket is installed in the middle of the frame, and a spare power supply box is installed on the bracket. A vertical support plate is installed on the rear side of the frame. A flashing light is installed on one side of the vertical support plate. A PLC controller is installed on the connecting rod on the front surface of the vertical support plate. An LCD display is installed on one side of the PLC controller.

[0014] An adaptive full-profile polishing method for steel rails includes the following five steps: S1: Rail Bottom Polishing Stage: After the device is initialized and the rail body is in place, the first motor body is started, the first cylinder extends, pushes the first grinding wheel to contact the rail bottom, the linear module is started, and drives the device forward to complete the rail bottom polishing of the set length. After completion, the first cylinder retracts and the first motor body stops. S2: Double-sided polishing preparation stage: When the active side polishing unit and the fixed side polishing unit start at the same time, their respective second motor bodies start at the same time, the second cylinder extends to feed the second grinding wheel in the Z direction, and then the fourth cylinders on both sides extend at the same time to push the "bullet" shaped limit wheels on each side into place. S3: Side polishing of rail web stage: The third cylinder of the movable side polishing unit extends, pushing the movable side polishing unit to move laterally. The limit wheel first contacts the rail body until the second grinding wheels 304 on both sides contact the rail web area of ​​the rail body. The linear module continues to move forward to complete the polishing of the rail web of the rail body. This process can adaptively compensate for the installation error or deformation of the rail body in the Z-axis height direction because the limit wheel achieves floating clamping through the sliding frame and the fourth cylinder. S4: Side polishing of the rail jaw stage: After the above area is polished, the fourth cylinders on both sides retract simultaneously, causing the limit wheel to disengage from the rail body and the linear module to move in the opposite direction. At this time, while the third cylinder remains extended, the second grinding wheel can precisely polish the rail jaw area. S5: Reset Phase: After all side polishing is completed, the third cylinders on both sides retract simultaneously, driving the entire side polishing unit away from the rail body. Then, the second motors on both sides stop, the second cylinders retract, and the device returns to its initial state, ready for the next round of work.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a rail full-profile polishing device and method with adaptive capability, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention relates to a full-profile rail polishing device that decomposes the complex profile grinding process into three sub-processes, executed sequentially by a dedicated module. This simplifies the control logic and allows for parameter optimization for each process, improving overall polishing accuracy. The independent, bullet-shaped limiting wheel assembly, driven by a fourth cylinder, operates in a first-contact, then-positioning mode, providing a rigid reference for lateral polishing, unaffected by rail welding deformation. Its floating structure automatically compensates for rail height errors. The cylinder and guide rail feeding method of the rail bottom polishing unit possesses a certain degree of pressure self-adaptation capability, while the floating structure of the lateral limiting wheel specifically compensates for Z-axis errors. The combination of these two features allows the device to effectively compensate for the rail's installation condition and its own wear. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the grinding structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rail bottom polishing unit of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rail bottom adjustment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the active lateral polishing unit of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the limiting nut fitting according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rail body of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting wheel assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a front view of the flatness detection component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a rear view of the flatness detection component of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding wheel of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Linear module; 2. Rail bottom polishing unit; 201. First motor mounting base; 202. Second slider group; 203. First linear guide rail; 204. First grinding wheel; 205. First motor body; 206. First cylinder; 207. First frame; 3. Movable lateral polishing unit; 301. Second cylinder; 302. Sliding rail; 303. Second motor mounting base; 304. Second grinding wheel; 3041. Central steel base; 3042. Mounting groove; 3043. Alloy transition layer; 3044. Artificial diamond particle working layer; 305. Limit nut; 306. Second motor body; 307. Second bracket; 308. Third cylinder; 4. Rail body; 401. Rail jaw; 402. Rail web; 403. Rail bottom; 5. Limiting wheel assembly; 501. Fourth cylinder; 502. Slide frame; 503. First bracket; 504. Limiting wheel; 6. First slider group; 7. Base; 8. Fixed side polishing unit; 9. Flatness detection assembly; 91. L-shaped connecting frame; 92. Z-axis frame; 93. Z-axis detection telescopic cylinder; 94. Rotary motor; 95. X-axis detection sliding frame; 96. Transmission belt; 97. X-axis detection track; 98. Y-axis detection sliding frame; 99. Y-axis detection telescopic cylinder; 910. Flatness detector; 10. Frame; 11. Height adjustment support rod; 12. Traveling wheel; 13. Tool storage box; 14. Bracket; 15. Backup power supply box; 16. Vertical support plate; 17. Flashing light; 18. PLC controller; 19. LCD display. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] This invention provides, for example Figure 1-12 The device shown is a rail full-profile polishing device with adaptive capability, including a frame 10. A linear module 1 is fixed at the upper end of the frame 10. A base 7 is slidably mounted on the surface of the linear module 1. A first slider group 6 is mounted on one side of the surface of the base 7. A rail bottom polishing unit 2 is mounted on the other side of the surface of the base 7. A fixed lateral polishing unit 8 is mounted on the surface of the base 7. A movable lateral polishing unit 3 is slidably mounted on the first slider group 6. The linear module 1 drives the base 7 to move, thereby driving the rail bottom polishing unit 2, the movable lateral polishing unit 3 and the fixed lateral polishing unit 8 on it to perform polishing operations on the rail body 4. The movable lateral polishing unit 3 can slide along the first slider group 6 and cooperate with the fixed lateral polishing unit 8 to adapt to the lateral profile of rails of different specifications. Limiting wheel assemblies 5 are installed on the side walls of the movable lateral polishing unit 3 and the fixed lateral polishing unit 8. The limiting wheel assembly 5 contacts the rail body 4 through the wheel group structure. The rail body 4 is clamped or supported from different directions by multiple limiting wheels on the limiting wheel assembly 5, thereby achieving "placement" and ensuring relative position stability.

[0019] One end of the linear module 1 is equipped with a flatness detection component 9. The linear module 1 is fixed to the upper surface of the frame 10 by screws. The linear module 1 and the flatness detection component 9 work together to efficiently complete the flatness detection operation. like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the rail bottom polishing unit 2 includes a first frame 207, which is fixed to the surface of the base 7. Two first linear guide rails 203 are installed on the side wall of the first frame 207. A second slider group 202 is slidably installed on the first linear guide rails 203. A first motor mounting seat 201 is installed on the second slider group 202. The rail bottom polishing unit 2 is fixed to the surface of the base 7 by the first frame 207, providing stable support for the entire unit and ensuring the stability of the polishing operation. The cooperation between the two first linear guide rails 203 and the second slider group 202 allows the first motor mounting seat 201 to slide smoothly along the guide rails, ensuring the accuracy of the movement trajectory of the first grinding wheel 204 during the polishing process, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity and consistency of the rail bottom polishing.

[0020] A first motor body 205 is mounted on the surface of the first motor mounting base 201. A first grinding wheel 204 is mounted on the output end of the first motor body 205. A first cylinder 206 is hinged to the side wall of the first frame 207. The first motor body 205 provides power to the first grinding wheel 204, enabling it to rotate efficiently to achieve grinding and polishing of the rail bottom. The first cylinder 206 is hinged to the side wall of the first frame 207 and can drive the first motor mounting base 201 and the first grinding wheel 204 to adjust their positions, thereby adapting to the polishing requirements of different rail bottoms and enhancing the flexibility and applicability of the equipment.

[0021] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the movable lateral polishing unit 3 includes a second bracket 307, which is slidably mounted on the first slider group 6. Third cylinders 308 are mounted on both sides of the bottom of the second bracket 307. The second bracket 307, through cooperation with the first slider group 6 and the third cylinders 308, allows for flexible adjustment of the overall position of the movable lateral polishing unit 3, facilitating the adaptation to the polishing requirements of different workpieces.

[0022] The output end of the third cylinder 308 is connected to the base 7. The second bracket 307 is equipped with a second motor mounting seat 303 via a sliding rail 302. A limit nut 305 is installed between the second bracket 307 and the second motor mounting seat 303. The second cylinder 301 is installed at the bottom of the interior of the second bracket 307. The output end of the second cylinder 301 is fixedly connected to the top lower surface of the second motor mounting seat 303. The second motor body 306 is installed on the output end of the second cylinder 301. The sliding rail 302 provides a stable sliding guide for the second motor mounting seat 303. With the drive of the second cylinder 301, the up and down movement of the second motor mounting seat 303 can be precisely controlled, thereby adjusting the polishing height of the second grinding wheel 304. The limit nut 305 can effectively limit the movement range of the second motor mounting seat 303 to prevent excessive movement from causing equipment damage or polishing accuracy deviation. like Figure 11 As shown, a second grinding wheel 304 is installed on the output end of the second motor body 306. The second motor body 306 provides power to the second grinding wheel 304 to ensure the efficient polishing operation. The coordinated work of each component improves the flexibility, accuracy and safety of the polishing operation.

[0023] The second grinding wheel 304 includes a central steel substrate 3041, an installation groove 3042 is provided at the center of the central steel substrate 3041, an alloy transition layer 3043 is provided on the outer side of the central steel substrate 3041, and an artificial diamond particle working layer 3044 is provided on the outer side of the alloy transition layer 3043. The alloy transition layer 3043 can be made of alloys such as nickel or copper.

[0024] The central steel base 3041 serves as the core support component of the second grinding wheel 304, providing a rigid skeleton for the entire grinding wheel structure. This ensures that the grinding wheel maintains structural stability during high-speed rotation and polishing operations, and avoids affecting polishing accuracy due to deformation under stress. The precise assembly interface between the mounting slot 3042 and the output end of the second motor body 306 ensures the coaxiality of the grinding wheel and the motor, reduces eccentric vibration during rotation, and improves the stability of the polishing process. The alloy transition layer 3043 effectively alleviates the stress caused by the material difference between the central steel substrate 3041 and the outer working layer through the ductility and bonding strength of the metal alloy material, enhances the impact resistance and durability of the overall structure of the grinding wheel, and prevents the working layer from falling off. The 3044 synthetic diamond particle working layer utilizes the high hardness and wear resistance of synthetic diamond to directly act on the rail surface, achieving efficient cutting and fine polishing of complex profiles such as rail web, rail bottom slope, rail bottom vertical surface and rail jaw, thus extending the service life of the grinding wheel.

[0025] like Figure 7 As shown, the rail body 4 includes a rail base 403, a rail web 402 is provided on the upper side of the rail base 403, and a rail jaw 401 is provided on the upper side of the rail web 402. The upper surface of the rail base 403 is tightly connected to the bottom of the rail web 402, which can effectively disperse the pressure transmitted by the rail web 402 to the rail base 403. Furthermore, the contact area with the track bed is expanded through the vertical surface of the rail base 403, thereby improving the support stability of the rail and reducing local wear caused by uneven stress.

[0026] like Figure 8 As shown, the limiting wheel assembly 5 includes a first bracket 503, on which a sliding frame 502 is mounted. A fourth cylinder 501 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the sliding frame 502. A limiting wheel 504 is slidably mounted in the sliding frame 502. The limiting wheel assembly 5 is mounted on the side walls of the movable lateral polishing unit 3 and the fixed lateral polishing unit 8 via the first bracket 503, ensuring the stability of the overall structure. The sliding frame 502 provides precise sliding guidance for the limiting wheel 504, making its movement trajectory controllable and ensuring the positioning accuracy of the limiting wheel 504 during operation. The fourth cylinder 501 is mounted at the bottom of the sliding frame 502, providing a stable driving force for the limiting wheel 504, driving the limiting wheel 504 to slide flexibly in the sliding frame 502, thereby quickly adjusting the position of the limiting wheel 504 according to actual work requirements, and realizing the effective limiting and release of the limited object.

[0027] The limiting wheel 504 is bullet-shaped. When it moves upward to achieve the limiting function, the bullet shape will exert an inward squeezing force based on the rail. While achieving vertical support, it also achieves the inward limiting function. Moreover, the streamlined design of the limiting wheel 504 in the shape of a bullet can achieve the squeezing limiting more smoothly, making the support of the rail more stable, and enabling stable movement for polishing.

[0028] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the flatness detection component 9 includes an L-shaped connecting frame 91, a Z-axis frame 92 mounted on the L-shaped connecting frame 91, a Z-axis detection telescopic cylinder 93 mounted on the Z-axis frame 92, an X-axis detection sliding frame 95 mounted on the output end of the Z-axis detection telescopic cylinder 93, and a Y-axis detection sliding frame 98 mounted on the X-axis detection sliding frame 95 via an X-axis detection track 97. A rotary motor 94 is mounted on the outer wall of the Z-axis frame 92, and the rotary motor 94 is connected to the X-axis detection sliding frame 98 via a transmission belt 96. 5. One end of the belt is connected to the drive belt 96, and the drive belt 96 is in frictional contact with the roller on the Y-axis detection sliding frame 98. A Y-axis detection telescopic cylinder 99 is installed on the upper surface of the Y-axis detection telescopic cylinder 98. A flatness detector 910 is installed on the output end of the Y-axis detection telescopic cylinder 99. The L-shaped connecting frame 91 provides support for the entire assembly. The Z-axis frame 92 installed above it carries the Z-axis detection telescopic cylinder 93. The output end of the Z-axis detection telescopic cylinder 93 drives the X-axis detection sliding frame 95 to move along the Z-axis direction, thereby adjusting the detection height. The X-axis detection sliding frame 95 is connected to the Y-axis detection sliding frame 98 via the X-axis detection track 97, allowing the Y-axis detection sliding frame 98 to slide along the X-axis. The rotary motor 94 on the outer wall of the Z-axis frame 92 drives the X-axis detection sliding frame 95 via a transmission belt 96 and a pulley at one end. The transmission belt 96 simultaneously makes frictional contact with the rollers on the Y-axis detection sliding frame 98, thereby driving the Y-axis detection sliding frame 98 to move along the X-axis detection track 97 in the X-axis direction. The Y-axis detection telescopic cylinder 99 on the upper surface of the Y-axis detection sliding frame 98 drives its... The flatness detector 910 at the output end moves in the Y direction. Finally, through the coordinated action of the Z-direction telescopic cylinder 93, the rotary motor 94 and the transmission belt 96, and the Y-direction telescopic cylinder 99, the flatness detector 910 is adjusted in the Z, X and Y directions to complete the flatness detection of the rail body 4 after grinding, detect whether the grinding requirements are met, and transmit the detected data to the PLC controller 18. The PLC controller 18 converts the data and transmits it to the LCD display 19 for display. Both the Y-axis detection sliding frame 98 and the Z-axis frame are equipped with self-locking components to prevent the Z-axis detection telescopic cylinder 93 and the Y-axis detection telescopic cylinder 99 from shifting due to external forces or their own operation during operation, thus ensuring positional stability during operation.

[0029] Optionally, the self-locking component can be locked by screwing it in place. This locking method is a known and publicly available technology, so it will not be described in detail in this technical document.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the sliding engagement between the linear module 1 and the base 7 adopts a ball screw drive (this transmission structure is not shown in the diagram; it drives the base 7 to move on the linear module 1 via a screw. This transmission method is a known and publicly available technology, and therefore has not been described in detail in this technical document). The guide rail length of the linear module 1 is not less than the length of a single polishing segment of the rail body 4. The sliding engagement between the linear module 1 and the base 7 using a ball screw drive reduces frictional resistance, improves transmission efficiency and motion accuracy, and ensures that the linear module 1 drives the polishing mechanism to move smoothly and accurately, thereby guaranteeing the polishing quality of the rail body 4. The guide rail length of the linear module 1 is not less than the length of a single polishing segment of the rail body 4, which allows the polishing mechanism to complete the continuous processing of the corresponding polishing segment of the rail body 4 within a single stroke. This avoids multiple starts and stops or segmented polishing due to insufficient stroke, improves the continuity and efficiency of the polishing operation, reduces processing errors caused by frequent reversals or positioning, and further ensures the consistency of the polished surface of the rail body 4.

[0031] The frame 10 securely supports the linear module 1 with screws. An equipment storage box 13 is installed at the bottom inner side of the frame 10. Height-adjustable support rods 11 and casters 12 are installed around the bottom perimeter of the frame 10. The equipment storage box 13 on the upper bottom side allows for convenient storage of relevant equipment. The height-adjustable support rods 11 and casters 12 around the bottom perimeter facilitate equipment movement and allow for height adjustment to adapt to different working scenarios. A bracket 14 is installed in the middle of the frame 10, and a spare power supply box 15 is installed on the bracket 14. This ensures the continuous operation of the equipment during sudden power outages. A vertical support plate 16 is installed on the rear side of the frame 10, and a flashing light 17 is installed on one side of the vertical support plate 16. A PLC controller 18 is installed on the connecting rod on the front surface of the vertical support plate 16, and an LCD display 19 is installed on one side of the PLC controller 18. The flashing light 17 on one side of the rear vertical support plate 16 can promptly issue warning signals. The PLC controller 18 and the LCD display 19 on the front connecting rod facilitate precise control and real-time status monitoring of the equipment.

[0032] It should also be noted that the height adjustment support rod 11 is equipped with a threaded rod, which is screwed to the bottom of the frame 10 via a screw rod, thereby achieving height adjustment through thread screwing. A nut is screwed onto the screw of the height adjustment support rod 11, which is screwed onto the frame 10. After the height is adjusted, the nut is tightened to secure it, thereby abutting against the bottom of the frame 10, thus preventing loosening and height instability during use.

[0033] An adaptive full-profile polishing method for steel rails includes the following five steps: S1: Rail Bottom Polishing Stage: After the device is initialized and the rail body 4 is in place, the first motor body 205 is started, the first cylinder 206 extends, pushes the first grinding wheel 204 to contact the rail bottom 403, the linear module 1 is started, and the device moves forward to complete the polishing of the rail bottom 403 of the set length. After completion, the first cylinder 206 retracts and the first motor body 205 stops. S2: Double-sided polishing preparation stage: When the active side polishing unit 3 and the fixed side polishing unit 8 start at the same time, their respective second motor bodies 306 start at the same time, the second cylinder 301 extends to feed the second grinding wheel 304 in the Z direction, and then the fourth cylinders 501 on both sides extend at the same time to push the "bullet" shaped limit wheels 504 on each side into place. S3: Side polishing of rail web stage: The third cylinder 308 of the movable side polishing unit 3 extends and pushes the movable side polishing unit 3 to move laterally. The limiting wheel 504 first contacts the rail body 4 until the second grinding wheels 304 on both sides contact the rail web 402 area of ​​the rail body 4. The linear module 1 continues to move forward to complete the polishing of the rail web 402 of the rail body 4. This process can adaptively compensate for the installation error or deformation of the rail body 4 in the Z-axis height direction because the limiting wheel 504 achieves floating clamping through the sliding frame 502 and the fourth cylinder 501. S4: Side polishing of the rail jaw stage: After the above area is polished, the fourth cylinders 501 on both sides retract at the same time, so that the limit wheel 504 is separated from the rail body 4, and the linear module 1 moves in the opposite direction. At this time, while the third cylinder 308 is in the extended state, the second grinding wheel 304 can precisely polish the area of ​​the rail jaw 401. S5: Reset Phase: After all side polishing is completed, the third cylinders 308 on both sides retract simultaneously, driving the side polishing unit away from the rail body 4. Then, the second motor bodies 306 on both sides stop, the second cylinders 301 retract, and the device returns to its initial state, ready for the next round of work.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail full-profile polishing device with adaptive capability, comprising a frame (10); characterized in that, A linear module (1) is fixed at the upper end of the frame (10). A base (7) is slidably mounted on the surface of the linear module (1). A first slider group (6) is mounted on one side of the surface of the base (7). A rail bottom polishing unit (2) is mounted on the other side of the surface of the base (7). A fixed side polishing unit (8) is mounted on the surface of the base (7). A movable side polishing unit (3) is slidably mounted on the first slider group (6). Limit wheel assemblies (5) are mounted on the side walls of the movable side polishing unit (3) and the fixed side polishing unit (8). A rail body (4) is placed on the limit wheel assembly (5). The active lateral polishing unit (3) includes a second bracket (307), which is slidably mounted on the first slider group (6). A third cylinder (308) is mounted on both sides of the bottom of the second bracket (307). The output end of the third cylinder (308) is connected to the first slider group (6). A second motor mounting seat (303) is mounted on the second bracket (307) via a sliding rail (302). A limit nut (305) is installed between the second bracket (307) and the second motor mounting seat (303). A second cylinder (301) is mounted on the bottom inside the second bracket (307). The output end of the second cylinder (301) is fixedly connected to the top lower surface of the second motor mounting seat (303). A second motor body (306) is installed on the output end of the second cylinder (301), and a second grinding wheel (304) is installed on the output end of the second motor body (306). The limiting wheel assembly (5) includes a first bracket (503), a sliding frame (502) is mounted on the first bracket (503), a fourth cylinder (501) is mounted at the bottom of the sliding frame (502), and a limiting wheel (504) is slidably mounted in the sliding frame (502).

2. The adaptive rail full-profile polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rail bottom polishing unit (2) includes a first frame (207), which is fixed on the surface of the base (7). Two first linear guides (203) are installed on the side wall of the first frame (207). A second slider group (202) is slidably installed on the first linear guide (203). A first motor mounting seat (201) is installed on the second slider group (202). A first motor body (205) is installed on the surface of the first motor mounting seat (201). A first grinding wheel (204) is installed on the output end of the first motor body (205). A first cylinder (206) is hinged to the side wall of the first frame (207).

3. The adaptive rail full-profile polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rail body (4) includes a rail base (403), a rail web (402) is provided on the upper side of the rail base (403), and a rail jaw (401) is provided on the upper side of the rail web (402).

4. The adaptive rail full-profile polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the linear module (1) is equipped with a flatness detection component (9). The flatness detection component (9) includes an L-shaped connecting frame (91), a Z-axis frame (92) is mounted on the L-shaped connecting frame (91), a Z-axis detection telescopic cylinder (93) is mounted on the Z-axis frame (92), and an X-axis detection sliding frame (95) is mounted on the output end of the Z-axis detection telescopic cylinder (93). The X-axis detection sliding frame (95) and the X-axis detection sliding frame (95) are connected by an X-axis detection rail (97). The Y-axis detection sliding frame (98) and the Z-axis frame (92) are equipped with a rotary motor (94) on their outer side wall. The rotary motor (94) is connected to the pulley at one end of the X-axis detection sliding frame (95) via a transmission belt (96). The transmission belt (96) is in frictional contact with the roller on the Y-axis detection sliding frame (98). The upper surface of the Y-axis detection sliding frame (98) is equipped with a Y-axis detection telescopic cylinder (99). A flatness detector (910) is installed on the output end of the Y-axis detection telescopic cylinder (99).

5. The adaptive rail full-profile polishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first slider group (6) is fixedly connected to the fixed side polishing unit (8) by bolts, and the polishing surface of the fixed side polishing unit (8) is adapted to the side of the rail web (402) of the rail body (4). The sliding fit between the linear module (1) and the base (7) is driven by ball screw, and the guide rail length of the linear module (1) is not less than the single polishing section length of the rail body (4).

6. The adaptive rail full-profile polishing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An appliance storage box (13) is installed at the bottom inner side of the frame (10). Height adjustment support rods (11) and wheels (12) are installed around the bottom of the frame (10). A bracket (14) is installed in the middle of the frame (10). A spare power supply box (15) is installed on the bracket (14).

7. A method for polishing the full profile of a rail, applied to the adaptive full profile polishing device for rails as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: It includes the following five steps, S1: Rail Bottom Polishing Stage: After the device is initialized and the rail body (4) is in place, the first motor body (205) is started, the first cylinder (206) extends, pushes the first grinding wheel (204) to contact the rail bottom (403), the linear module (1) is started, drives the device forward, and completes the polishing of the rail bottom (403) of the set length. After completion, the first cylinder (206) retracts and the first motor body (205) stops. S2: Double-sided polishing preparation stage: When the active side polishing unit (3) and the fixed side polishing unit (8) start at the same time, their respective second motor bodies (306) start at the same time, the second cylinder (301) extends to feed the second grinding wheel (304) in the Z direction, and then the fourth cylinders (501) on both sides extend at the same time to push the "bullet" shaped limit wheels (504) on each side into place; S3: Side rail web polishing stage: The third cylinder (308) of the active side polishing unit (3) extends and pushes the active side polishing unit (3) to move laterally. The limiting wheel (504) first contacts the rail body (4) until the second grinding wheels (304) on both sides contact the rail web (402) area of ​​the rail body (4). The straight module (1) continues to move forward to complete the polishing of the rail web (402) of the rail body (4). This process can adaptively compensate for the installation error or deformation of the rail body (4) in the Z-axis height direction because the limiting wheel (504) achieves floating clamping through the sliding frame (502) and the fourth cylinder (501). S4: Side rail jaw polishing stage: After the above area is polished, the fourth cylinders (501) on both sides retract at the same time, so that the limit wheel (504) is separated from the rail body (4), and the linear module (1) moves in the opposite direction. At this time, while the third cylinder (308) remains extended, the second grinding wheel (304) can precisely polish the rail jaw (401) area. S5: Reset phase: After all side polishing is completed, the third cylinders (308) on both sides retract simultaneously, driving the side polishing unit away from the rail body (4). Then the second motor bodies (306) on both sides stop, the second cylinders (301) retract, and the device returns to its initial state, ready for the next round of work.

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