An engineering cutting slope disaster low-carbon intelligent collaborative prevention and control system and a method for establishing the same

Abstract

An engineering cutting slope disaster low-carbon intelligent collaborative prevention and control system and a method for establishing the same. The system comprises: a partitioned water control module, which comprises an upper vegetation water absorption layer, a middle engineering drainage layer, a lower photovoltaic panel water isolation layer and a bottom water storage layer arranged from top to bottom along the slope body, forming a "cut-off-drainage-isolation-storage" three-dimensional water control structure; an integrated protection module comprising an ecological slope protection component, an engineering support component and a photovoltaic panel support; an intelligent sensing module comprising a soil moisture sensor, a rain gauge and a displacement meter; an energy self-sufficient module; a cloud decision and control module for calculating the slope failure probability by using a Bayesian network or a machine learning model and triggering intelligent irrigation or drainage. The method for establishing the same comprises partitioned water control construction, integrated installation, dynamic sensing construction and intelligent control construction. The present application realizes low-carbon intelligent prevention and control of engineering cutting slope, significantly improves the slope stability and reduces the whole life cycle operation and maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geological disaster prevention and ecological environment engineering technology, specifically relating to a low-carbon intelligent prevention and control system for engineering slope cutting, and a method for establishing the system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of mineral resources and the construction of large-scale infrastructure projects such as highways, high-speed railways, and water conservancy and hydropower, a large number of exposed engineering slopes have been created. These slopes not only destroy the original vegetation cover and affect the natural landscape, but also pose risks of soil erosion, water and soil loss, landslides, and debris flows. Especially against the backdrop of global climate change, the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events have significantly increased, posing a severe challenge to the long-term stability of engineering slopes.

[0003] Compared to traditional engineering slope protection techniques, ecological slope protection technology is widely used due to its advantages in slope protection, soil and water conservation, ecological restoration, and landscaping. Ecological slope protection can effectively improve slope stability through soil stabilization via vegetation roots, hydrological regulation, and rainfall interception by tree canopies, and can also restore damaged ecological environments. However, existing ecological slope protection technologies still have the following shortcomings: insufficient adaptability to extreme rainfall, easily leading to protection failure; the pursuit of low costs results in low vegetation survival rates and short protection lifespans; and the lack of dynamic monitoring and intelligent control measures for vegetation growth environments leads to poor vegetation growth in environments with rapid changes in drought and flood, creating a vicious cycle of "repeated treatment - repeated investment," greatly increasing treatment costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to transform ecological slope protection technology towards an integrated approach that combines "protection, production, and ecology" to enhance carbon reduction and sequestration benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a low-carbon intelligent collaborative prevention and control system for engineering slope cutting disasters and its establishment method. This system constructs a zoned water control model of "upper vegetation water absorption - middle engineering drainage - lower photovoltaic water barrier - bottom water storage," integrating ecological slope protection, engineering retaining structures, and photovoltaic water barrier protection structures. It also introduces a reliability monitoring and intelligent vegetation maintenance mechanism based on dynamic sensing of root-soil interface moisture content, achieving self-powered and low-carbon intelligent operation and maintenance of the protective structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] The present invention discloses a low-carbon intelligent collaborative prevention and control system for engineering slope cutting disasters, comprising:

[0008] (1) Zoned water control module

[0009] It includes an upper vegetation water absorption layer, a middle engineering drainage layer, a lower photovoltaic panel water-proof layer, and a bottom water storage layer, which are set along the slope from top to bottom.

[0010] The upper vegetation water-absorbing layer uses a combination of deep-rooted and shallow-rooted plants to reduce soil pore water pressure through plant transpiration, actively regulating surface soil moisture content and reducing slope runoff. The middle drainage layer includes longitudinal blind drains, transverse drainage pipes, and intercepting ditches located at the mid-slope platform or hillside to accelerate the removal of excess rainwater, prevent rainfall from accumulating and infiltrating in the central area, and effectively lower the slope's saturation line. The lower photovoltaic panel waterproofing layer features an optimized tilt design with water-guiding channels on the back of the photovoltaic panels, giving it the dual function of solar power generation and intercepting slope runoff. It physically isolates the slope toe from direct scouring and softening by rainfall and stores electrical energy in an energy storage device for system use. The bottom water storage layer connects to a drip irrigation network, using the collected rainwater for intelligent maintenance of the slope vegetation.

[0011] (2) Integrated protection module

[0012] It includes integrated ecological slope protection components, engineering retaining components, and photovoltaic panel supports. The photovoltaic supports are combined with the lattice beam anchor structure, making the photovoltaic panels part of a flexible protective net, forming a synergistic protection mechanism of "power generation on the panels, soil stabilization beneath the panels." Through the rational configuration of ecological and engineering components such as vegetation bag retaining walls and lattice beams, the slope's soil stabilization and erosion resistance are enhanced. The horizontal and vertical gaps in the photovoltaic panel array also serve as water channels, efficiently guiding rainwater to the central drainage system, forming a complete integrated protection system with "interception-drainage-isolation-storage" functions.

[0013] (3) Intelligent sensing module

[0014] The system includes distributed root-soil interface moisture sensors, as well as rain gauges and displacement gauges, for simultaneously collecting data on soil volumetric moisture content, rainfall, and slope displacement. The sensors penetrate deep into the main root distribution area of ​​the vegetation, continuously sensing the moisture dynamics at the root-soil interface and generating a high spatiotemporal resolution monitoring data stream. Specifically, the sensors are deployed at 20 cm (shallow roots) and 50 cm (deep roots) locations within the main root distribution layer, as well as at half the slope height and key sections at the slope toe. Data is wirelessly transmitted to the cloud or edge computing terminal via an IoT module, providing real-time data support for slope stability assessment and intelligent maintenance.

[0015] (4) Energy self-sufficiency module

[0016] It includes photovoltaic panels, batteries, and an energy management system, providing power to the intelligent sensing module, cloud-based decision-making and control module, and irrigation and drainage equipment, thus achieving system energy self-sufficiency and low-carbon operation and maintenance.

[0017] (5) Cloud-based decision-making and control module

[0018] This module uses Bayesian networks or machine learning models to calculate the slope failure probability based on real-time data, and triggers an intelligent vegetation maintenance system to intervene when the failure probability exceeds a preset threshold. Input variables include root-soil interface moisture content, rainfall, and soil shear strength parameters; the output is the slope instability probability. Intervention measures include: initiating irrigation when the predicted moisture content is below the suitable lower limit for vegetation growth, and initiating drainage or suspending irrigation when the predicted moisture content is above the suitable upper limit. This module forms a closed-loop intelligent control system of "monitoring-evaluation-decision-feedback".

[0019] The method for establishing a low-carbon intelligent collaborative prevention and control system for engineering slope cutting disasters as described in this invention includes the following steps:

[0020] (1) Steps for constructing zoned water control: Construct the upper vegetation water absorption layer, the middle engineering drainage layer, the lower photovoltaic panel water-proof layer and the bottom water storage layer from top to bottom along the slope of the engineering cut slope.

[0021] (2) Integrated structure installation steps: integrate the ecological slope protection components, engineering support components and photovoltaic panel brackets to form an integrated protection structure.

[0022] (3) Dynamic sensing construction steps: Install root-soil interface moisture sensor, rain gauge and displacement gauge at key locations on the slope.

[0023] (4) Intelligent control construction steps: Construct a cloud-based decision and control module to enable it to calculate the slope failure probability based on real-time data and trigger intervention.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) Significant prevention and control effect: Through the three-dimensional zoned water control of “interception-drainage-isolation-storage”, the slope safety factor is significantly improved and the displacement control is better than the design standard.

[0026] (2) High level of intelligence: Based on sensor network and AI algorithm closed-loop control, it can achieve precise irrigation in dry season and active drainage in rainy season without human intervention.

[0027] (3) Outstanding low-carbon benefits: The self-sufficiency rate of photovoltaic energy can reach 100%, and the annual carbon dioxide emission reduction is several tons, which is in line with the national "dual carbon" strategy.

[0028] (4) Good economic performance: The total life cycle operation and maintenance cost is significantly reduced compared with the traditional solution, and the incremental investment payback period is short.

[0029] Furthermore, this invention can accurately predict the stability and reliability of engineering slopes under different extreme rainfall scenarios, providing core scientific basis for early warning and prevention of engineering slope instability. It can effectively reduce the repair costs of infrastructure such as highways and bridges, as well as the damage to houses and property losses caused by engineering slope disasters, and avoid traffic interruptions and production and operation stagnation caused by slope instability, thus providing support for the country's implementation of the dual-carbon strategy. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the low-carbon intelligent collaborative prevention and control system for slope cutting in engineering projects.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated light-protection synergistic protection structure.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor network layout.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the slope reliability assessment algorithm.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the dynamic sensing and intelligent maintenance logic of moisture content at the root-soil interface. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this invention, a detailed description is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are merely auxiliary means for understanding the essence of this invention and are not intended to limit its scope of application.

[0037] Example

[0038] This embodiment selects a deep-cut road cut slope from K15+200 to K15+450 of a certain expressway as the application object. This slope is located in the subtropical monsoon climate zone of southern my country, with an average annual rainfall of 1650 mm, and an extreme maximum 24-hour rainfall of 280 mm. It exhibits distinct dry and rainy seasons and a typical "rapid shift between drought and flood" characteristic. The slope lithology is strongly weathered sandstone with well-developed joints and fissures, easily softening when exposed to water. The slope height is 25 m, with a slope ratio of 1:0.75, and is constructed in two stages: the first stage has a height of 12.5 m, and the second stage has a height of 12.5 m. The walkway width is 2 m. This section of the expressway is a two-way four-lane highway with a design speed of 100 km / h; the stability of the slope directly affects driving safety and operational efficiency.

[0039] This embodiment details the establishment process of the low-carbon intelligent collaborative prevention and control system for engineering slope cutting disasters and its operational effects after completion.

[0040] (I) System Establishment Process

[0041] 1. Construction of Zoned Water Control Module

[0042] Upper vegetation water absorption layer: Ecological slope protection technology is adopted on the slope top platform (5 m wide) and the first-level slope (elevation 25 m~12.5 m). Vetiver grass, a deep-rooted plant, and tall fescue, a shallow-rooted herbaceous plant, are planted in a 3:1 ratio. Vetiver grass is transplanted using tillers, with a plant spacing of 0.3 m × 0.3 m and a planting depth of 15 cm; tall fescue is hydroseeded, with a seeding rate of 25 g per square meter. Vetiver grass has a root depth of 2-3 m and strong water absorption and transpiration capabilities, effectively reducing pore water pressure in the soil at the slope top and decreasing slope runoff. Field measurements showed that 6 months after the vegetation layer was established, the saturated moisture content of the topsoil (0-30 cm) decreased by approximately 18% compared to the bare slope, and the slope runoff coefficient decreased by approximately 35%.

[0043] Central drainage layer: A C20 concrete intercepting ditch (0.4 m × 0.4 m cross-section, 0.1 m wall thickness, 2% longitudinal slope at the bottom) is laid transversely along the slope at the ramp platform (elevation 12.5 m). Longitudinal blind drains (5 m spacing, 1.5 m depth, 0.3 m × 0.3 m cross-section, filled with graded crushed stone, wrapped with geotextile) and transverse drainage pipes (PVC-U pipes, 100 mm diameter, 3 m spacing, wrapped with a filter layer) are installed inside the slope. These drainage facilities quickly guide excess rainwater to the slope toe drainage system, effectively preventing rainfall from accumulating and infiltrating in the central area. Heavy rain conditions (rainfall intensity 50 mm / h) show that the intercepting ditch has a drainage capacity of 0.12 m³. 3 / s, blind drain drainage capacity 0.05 m³ / s, maximum slope phreatic line drop depth approximately 1.2 m.

[0044] Lower photovoltaic panel waterproofing layer: Photovoltaic panel arrays are installed on the second-level slope (elevation 0 m to 12.5 m) and at the toe of the slope. Monocrystalline silicon modules (550 W per module, 2278 mm × 1134 mm) are used, with a total of 72 modules deployed, for a total installed capacity of 39.6 kWp. The photovoltaic panels feature an optimized tilt angle design, with the local optimal tilt angle being 22°, balancing power generation efficiency and waterproofing. Aluminum alloy water channels (50 mm wide, 30 mm deep) are installed on the back of the photovoltaic panels, arranged longitudinally along the panel surface, with spacing consistent with the width of the photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic panel array serves a dual function of solar power generation and slope runoff interception: on the one hand, the photovoltaic panels physically isolate the slope toe from direct erosion and softening by rainfall; measured data shows that rainwater infiltration in the photovoltaic panel-covered area is reduced by approximately 85% compared to the bare slope; on the other hand, the electrical energy is stored in a lithium iron phosphate energy storage device (60 kWh capacity) for the system's own use.

[0045] Bottom water storage layer: A seepage-proof sedimentation tank (2 m × 2 m × 1.5 m, C25 impermeable concrete, with three-stage sedimentation baffles) and a water storage tank (8 m × 5 m × 2.5 m, effective volume 80 m³, impermeability grade P6, with a reinforced concrete cover) will be constructed at the toe of the slope. A submersible pump (1.5 kW power, 30 m head, 5 m³ / h flow rate) will be installed in the tank. 3 / h). The outlet of the water storage tank is connected to the main drip irrigation network pipe (PE pipe, diameter 63 mm), and electromagnetic control valves (DN50, normally closed type) are installed along the way. The branch pipe (diameter 16 mm) extends to the top of the slope and the first-level slope vegetation area. The dripper spacing is 0.5 m, and the flow rate of a single dripper is 2 L / h.

[0046] The spatial arrangement of the above-mentioned three-dimensional zoned water control module is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0047] 2. Installation of integrated protection module

[0048] The photovoltaic support system is integrated with the lattice beam anchors: On the second-level slope, C30 reinforced concrete lattice beams (0.3m × 0.3m cross-section, 3m × 3m horizontal and vertical spacing) are used, with photovoltaic panels laid within the grid. Anchors (25mm diameter HRB400 steel bars, 6m long, 4m anchorage section, 2m free section, 110mm diameter anchorage hole, filled with M30 cement mortar) are installed at the lattice beam nodes. The design value for the anchor pull-out bearing capacity is 120 kN, and the test pass rate is 100%. The photovoltaic panel support system uses hot-dip galvanized steel components, connected to the lattice beam nodes via pre-embedded bolts. The support column height is adjustable from 0.5m to 1.2m to adapt to slope undulations. The photovoltaic panels themselves, as part of the flexible protective netting, play an auxiliary role in slope stabilization, forming a synergistic mechanism of "power generation on the panels, soil stabilization below."

[0049] Ecological and engineering component configuration: A three-dimensional geonet (model EM3, thickness 12 mm, unit area mass 260 g / m²) is laid on the first-level slope. 2 The net mat is filled with planting soil (8-10 cm thick) and grass seeds (a mixture of bermudagrass and tall fescue, 30 g / m²) are sprayed on. 2 A retaining wall made of planting bags (0.5 m × 0.4 m × 0.15 m, filled with a mixture of planting soil and compound fertilizer) is set at the foot of the slope. The retaining wall is 1.5 m high, 0.5 m wide at the top, 1.2 m wide at the bottom, and has a slope ratio of 1:0.5.

[0050] Integrated Layout Optimization: By optimizing the spatial layout, the horizontal gaps (approximately 20 mm) and vertical gaps (approximately 30 mm) of the photovoltaic panel array also serve as water guiding channels, efficiently directing runoff from the photovoltaic panel surface to the horizontal intercepting ditch. A water collection trough (made of aluminum alloy, 150 mm wide and 80 mm deep) is installed at the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel array to collect the guided rainwater, which is then transported to the bottom storage tank through a downpipe (PVC-U, 110 mm in diameter). Field tests show that the rainwater collection efficiency reaches over 90%.

[0051] The structural connections of the integrated protection module are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0052] 3. Construction of Intelligent Sensing Module

[0053] Sensor deployment: Monitoring sections were set up at half the slope height (midpoint of the second-level slope, elevation approximately 12.5 m) and at the toe of the slope (elevation approximately 1.5 m). At each section, one set of frequency domain reflectance (FDR) soil moisture sensors (model: Hydra Probe, accuracy ±0.01 m³ / m³) was buried at a depth of 20 cm (shallow root zone) and 50 cm (deep root zone) within the main root distribution layer of the vegetation. Simultaneously, rain gauges (3 sets, model: JDZ05, resolution 0.5 mm) and displacement gauges (6 sets, including 2 sets at the slope top, 2 sets at the slope middle, and 2 sets at the slope toe, model: BOTDR, accuracy ±0.1 mm) were deployed at the slope top, middle, and toe.

[0054] Data Acquisition and Transmission: The sensor network collects soil volumetric moisture content, rainfall, and slope displacement data in real time at a frequency of 10 minutes per acquisition. Each sensor is connected to the data acquisition terminal (model: DTU-200, supporting 8 analog inputs) via an RS485 bus. The acquisition terminal uses a 4G IoT module to encrypt the data and wirelessly transmit it to the cloud server (Alibaba Cloud ECS), forming a high spatiotemporal resolution monitoring data stream. Data latency is less than 5 seconds, and data integrity is greater than 99.5%.

[0055] Data preprocessing: After receiving the data, the cloud server automatically performs outlier removal (based on the 3σ criterion), missing value imputation (linear interpolation), and multi-source data time alignment. The processed data is stored in a time-series database (InfluxDB) for subsequent reliability assessment.

[0056] A schematic diagram of the sensor network layout is shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0057] 4. Construction of Intelligent Control Module (Cloud-based Decision and Control Module)

[0058] Dynamic assessment model for slope reliability: A Bayesian network model is adopted. The model structure includes 5 parent nodes (water content θ1 in the shallow root zone, water content θ2 in the deep root zone, cumulative rainfall R in the previous 24 hours). 24 Soil cohesion c, internal friction angle φ) and 1 sub-node (slope failure probability P) f The prior probability distribution of each node was determined based on indoor geotechnical tests (direct shear test, variable head permeability test) and historical rainfall statistics, as shown in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1 Prior probability distribution of Bayesian network nodes

[0060]

[0061] The warning threshold is set as follows: Blue Warning (P) f ≥ 0.1), Yellow Alert (P) f ≥ 0.3), Red Alert (P f ≥0.6). The system automatically completes a reliability assessment every 30 minutes, and the assessment results are displayed on the management platform in the form of a visual dashboard. The flowchart of the slope reliability assessment algorithm is as follows. Figure 5 As shown.

[0062] Intelligent irrigation control logic (dry season condition): In the region where this embodiment is located, the dry season is from November to April of the following year, during which rainfall is scarce and vegetation is susceptible to drought stress. The system predicts the trend of root-soil interface moisture content changes over the next 24 hours based on a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network model. The LSTM model takes moisture content, rainfall, and temperature data from the past 72 hours as input and outputs hourly moisture content predictions for the next 24 hours.

[0063] When the predicted moisture content at a depth of 20 cm is below 15% (the lower limit suitable for vegetation growth) for three consecutive hours, the system automatically generates an irrigation command. The cloud-based decision-making and control module sends commands to the field programmable logic controller (PLC, model: Siemens S7-1200) via the MQTT protocol. The PLC controls the submersible pump in the water storage tank to start and opens the solenoid valves of the corresponding branches. Irrigation is performed using drip irrigation. The duration of a single irrigation is automatically calculated by the system based on the difference between the current moisture content and the target moisture content (25%). The formula for calculating the irrigation duration T (minutes) is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] Where, θ target = 0.25 is the target moisture content, θ current Given the current moisture content, h = 0.3 m; and the planned wetting layer depth, A = 1500 m. 2Let q = 2 L / h be the irrigation area, n = 3000 be the dripper flow rate, and q = 2 L / h be the number of drippers. Calculations show that under typical operating conditions (θ... current = 0.12) A single irrigation session lasts approximately 25 minutes and consumes approximately 4.2 m³ of water. 3 It consumes approximately 0.6 kWh of electricity.

[0066] Intelligent drainage control logic (rainy season condition): The rainy season is from May to October, during which rainfall is concentrated and the slope is prone to saturation. When the predicted moisture content is higher than 35% (suitable upper limit), the system automatically opens the solenoid valve (DN100, electric ball valve) of the central drainage pipe to accelerate drainage inside the slope. If the moisture content continues to rise above 40% and the cumulative rainfall in the previous 24 hours is greater than 80 mm, the system issues a yellow warning and simultaneously starts the backup drainage pump (power 2.2 kW, installed in the water storage tank for emergency forced drainage).

[0067] The logic flowchart of dynamic sensing and intelligent maintenance of root-soil interface moisture content is as follows: Figure 6 As shown.

[0068] (II) System Operation Performance

[0069] The system in this embodiment was put into operation in May 2023 and completed a full hydrological year in April 2024. Key operational data recorded during this period are shown in Table 2.

[0070] Table 2. Statistics of Key System Operation Data

[0071]

[0072] Slope stability monitoring results: After a full hydrological year of operation and monitoring, slope deformation data were acquired using slope radar (model: SSR) and a fixed inclinometer (model: GK-604). The maximum surface displacement of the slope was only 9.6 mm, and the maximum deep horizontal displacement was 3.2 mm (located at 1 / 2 slope height). The slope safety factor (calculated using the simplified Bishop method) consistently remained above 1.38, far exceeding the design requirement of 1.20. Compared with the adjacent control slope section (using traditional arched frame slope protection) that did not use this system, the surface displacement of the slope in this embodiment was reduced by approximately 65%, and the safety factor was increased by approximately 0.25.

[0073] Vegetation maintenance effect: The intelligent irrigation system ensured the good growth of slope vegetation during the dry season. Using drone remote sensing assessment of vegetation cover (NDVI index), the vegetation cover still reached 92% at the end of the dry season (end of April), with a survival rate of 96%. In contrast, the control section slope (without intelligent irrigation) had a vegetation cover of only 58% and a survival rate of approximately 65% ​​during the same period, requiring secondary replanting.

[0074] Low-carbon benefit assessment: The photovoltaic array generates a total annual power of 11,170 kWh, with a total annual system energy consumption of 3,450 kWh, achieving 100% energy self-sufficiency. Surplus electricity of approximately 7,720 kWh is fed into the national grid. Compared to traditional slope monitoring systems powered by municipal grid electricity, this reduces annual CO2 emissions by approximately 6.4 tons (based on a grid emission factor of 0.58 kg CO2 / kWh). Simultaneously, smart irrigation saves approximately 40% of water (compared to traditional flood irrigation), and reduces total lifecycle maintenance costs by approximately 55%.

[0075] Comprehensive effect analysis

[0076] This embodiment fully verifies the effectiveness, reliability, and economy of the low-carbon intelligent collaborative prevention and control system for engineering slope cutting disasters and its establishment method described in this invention:

[0077] In terms of prevention and control effectiveness: Through three-dimensional zoned water control of "interception-drainage-isolation-storage", the slope safety factor has been increased to over 1.38, and the displacement control is better than the design standard.

[0078] In terms of intelligence: Based on closed-loop control using sensor networks and AI algorithms, it achieves precise irrigation during the dry season and proactive drainage during the rainy season without the need for human intervention.

[0079] In terms of low-carbon benefits: the photovoltaic energy self-sufficiency rate is 100%, and the annual CO2 emission reduction is about 6.4 tons.

[0080] In terms of economics: the total life cycle maintenance cost is reduced by 55% compared to traditional solutions, and the incremental investment can be recovered in 2.5 years.

[0081] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-carbon intelligent collaborative prevention and control system for engineering slope cutting disasters, characterized in that, include: Zoned water control module: includes an upper vegetation water absorption layer, a middle engineering drainage layer, a lower photovoltaic panel water-proof layer, and a bottom water storage layer set along the slope from top to bottom; Integrated protection module: includes integrated installation of ecological slope protection components, engineering retaining components and photovoltaic panel brackets; Intelligent sensing module: includes distributed root-soil interface moisture sensors, as well as rain gauges and displacement gauges, used to simultaneously collect soil volumetric moisture content, rainfall and slope displacement data. Energy self-sufficiency module: includes photovoltaic panels, batteries and energy management system; The cloud-based decision-making and control module is used to calculate the slope failure probability based on real-time data using Bayesian networks or machine learning models, and to trigger the intelligent vegetation maintenance system to intervene when the failure probability exceeds a preset threshold. The intervention includes: starting irrigation when the predicted moisture content is lower than the suitable lower limit for vegetation growth, and starting drainage or suspending irrigation when the predicted moisture content is higher than the suitable upper limit.

2. The low-carbon intelligent collaborative prevention and control system for engineering slope cutting disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The root-soil interface moisture sensor is a frequency domain reflectance soil moisture sensor, which is distributed at 20 cm and 50 cm positions in the main root distribution layer of vegetation, as well as at the key cross-section at 1 / 2 height of the slope and at the toe of the slope.

3. The low-carbon intelligent collaborative prevention and control system for engineering slope cutting disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy self-sufficiency module generates electricity through photovoltaic panels to power the intelligent sensing module, cloud-based decision-making and control module, and irrigation and drainage equipment, thereby achieving system energy self-sufficiency and low-carbon operation and maintenance.

4. A method for establishing a low-carbon intelligent collaborative prevention and control system for engineering slope cutting disasters as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The steps for constructing zoned water control are as follows: along the slope of the engineering cut, the upper vegetation water absorption layer, the middle engineering drainage layer, the lower photovoltaic panel water-proof layer, and the bottom water storage layer are constructed sequentially from top to bottom. Integrated structure installation steps: The ecological slope protection components, engineering support components and photovoltaic panel brackets are integrated and installed to form the integrated protection structure; Dynamic sensing construction steps: Install the root-soil interface moisture sensor, rain gauge and displacement gauge at key locations on the slope; Intelligent control construction steps: Construct the cloud-based decision and control module, enabling it to calculate the slope failure probability based on real-time data and trigger intervention.

5. The method for establishing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower photovoltaic panel waterproof layer adopts an optimized tilt design, and a water guide groove is set on the back of the photovoltaic panel, so that it can have the functions of photovoltaic power generation and interception of slope runoff, and store electrical energy in an energy storage device for the system's own use.

6. The method for establishing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper vegetation water absorption layer uses a combination of deep-rooted and shallow-rooted plants to reduce soil pore water pressure through plant transpiration; the bottom water storage layer is connected to a drip irrigation network to use the stored rainwater for intelligent maintenance of the slope vegetation.

7. The method for establishing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drainage layer of the central engineering project includes longitudinal blind drains, transverse drainage pipes, and intercepting ditches laid out at the middle of the slope platform or at the waist of the slope.

8. The method for establishing according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the integrated protective structure, the photovoltaic support is combined with the lattice beam anchor structure, and the photovoltaic panel is part of the flexible protective net; the horizontal and vertical gaps of the photovoltaic panel array also serve as water guiding channels to guide rainwater to the central drainage system.

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