An assembled multi-layer ring gate water intake tower and a water intake method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of water intake structures of hydraulic engineering, and specifically provides an assembled multilayer ring gate water intake tower and a water intake method, which comprises a tower body mechanism, the tower body mechanism comprises a water intake tower base and multilayer tower bodies, at least one group of water inlets is arranged on the tower bodies, a group of ring gate mechanisms is arranged in each tower body, the ring gate mechanism comprises a ring gate, a plurality of groups of gate openings are arranged on the ring gate, the ring gate is rotatably installed on a support base through bearings, a ring gear is arranged at the top of the ring gate, a driving gear is engaged with the ring gear, the driving gear is driven by a driving motor, a drainage cavity is arranged in the water intake tower base, and the drainage cavity is connected with a drainage pipe. The ring gate is arranged to facilitate layered water intake switching, the gate is steplessly controlled, the ring gate adopts a coaxial ring symmetric structure, radial water pressure under high water head is uniformly distributed along the circumference of 360 degrees and is mutually offset, and the stress concentration problem of the traditional plane gate is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of water intake structures in water conservancy projects, specifically relating to a prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower and a water intake method. Background Technology

[0002] Water conservancy projects, as core infrastructure for water resource regulation in river basins, play an irreplaceable and crucial role in basin regulation, ensuring water supply for people's livelihoods, and protecting the aquatic ecological environment. Water intake facilities, as a core component of water conservancy projects, directly determine the project's water supply security and ecological protection effectiveness.

[0003] Currently, stratified intake towers are widely used in water conservancy projects to access water from different water layers. While the mainstream fixed stratified intake towers can achieve basic water level adaptation and water intake functions, their fixed intake layers prevent flexible and precise control based on dynamic changes in the aquatic environment. In actual engineering operation, fixed intake structures are prone to the following technical problems: First, the discharge of low-temperature water can damage the habitat of downstream aquatic organisms, seriously affecting key ecological processes such as fish spawning and reproduction; second, during the flood season, under conditions of high turbidity and high sediment content, indiscriminate water intake significantly increases the energy consumption and treatment costs of subsequent water treatment processes; third, for eutrophic water bodies, targeted layer-specific water intake is impossible, and indiscriminate extraction further exacerbates the disruption of the aquatic ecological balance.

[0004] At the same time, the gate structure of existing fixed water intake towers is subject to complex stresses. During the impact of hydraulic loads and the switching of water intake layers, structural stress concentration is prone to occur, which in turn leads to problems such as local structural deformation and gate sealing failure. This further exacerbates the water flow turbulence and energy loss during the water intake process, and seriously restricts the engineering application effectiveness of stratified water intake technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower and water intake method, which facilitates the switching of water intake layers through the set annular gate and realizes stepless control of the gate.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower, comprising a tower body mechanism. The tower body mechanism includes a water intake tower base and multiple tower bodies connected by flanges. At least one set of water inlets is provided on the tower body at the same height. Each tower body has an annular gate mechanism, which includes an annular gate. Several sets of gate openings are provided on the annular gate corresponding to the number of water inlets. A support base is provided on the inner side of the tower body. The annular gate is rotatably mounted on the support base via bearings. An annular gear is provided at the top of the annular gate. A drive gear meshes with the annular gear and is driven by a drive motor. A drainage chamber communicating with the lowest tower body is provided inside the water intake tower base, and the drainage chamber is connected to a drainage pipe.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the bearing is a thrust cylindrical roller bearing.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the tower body fixing mechanism includes several anti-torsion support rings and a vertical fixing beam connecting the anti-torsion support rings. The anti-torsion support rings, the vertical fixing beam, and the tower body are connected by bolts.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, a maintenance well is provided at the top of the uppermost tower body, and a maintenance well cover is provided at the top of the maintenance well.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, several sensors are installed at the water inlet location of the tower body.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the sensor includes an upper water level sensor, a lower water level sensor, a water quality sensor, and a sediment content sensor, with the upper water level sensor and the lower water level sensor respectively located at the top and bottom of the inlet.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the lower side wall of the tower body is provided with an installation groove, and the upper end of the annular gate is set in the installation groove.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the lower end of the tower body is provided with a drainage end that extends into the annular gate.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the drainage cavity is a conical cavity.

[0015] This invention also provides a water intake method for a prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Data Acquisition: Real-time data on water level, water quality, and sediment content are collected from the upper and lower water level sensors, water quality sensors, and sediment content sensors at the water inlets of each tower layer. Step 2, Data Processing and Parameter Calculation: The collected raw data is filtered and preprocessed to remove outliers. Each tower layer corresponds to each water intake section. Based on the water level data at the top and bottom of the water intake section corresponding to the water inlet of each tower layer, the water column height difference of the corresponding water intake section is calculated. Then, the water pressure value of the water intake section is calculated using the fluid dynamics water pressure calculation formula. The water pressure difference data between each water intake section is calculated simultaneously. Step 3, Operating Condition Matching and Strategy Invocation: The pre-processed real-time data and parameter calculation results corresponding to the water intake section are compared with the preset threshold conditions corresponding to the conventional water supply, flood season sand avoidance, ecological protection water intake, water level abnormality emergency, and water quality abnormality emergency operating conditions to generate the opening control command of the ring gate. Step 4, Annular Gate Control: A control command is sent to the drive motor of the tower body corresponding to the target number of floors under the matching working condition. The drive motor drives the drive gear to rotate, and the drive gear meshes with the annular gear to drive the annular gate to rotate, so that the gate opening of the annular gate corresponds to the water inlet of the tower body to realize the opening and closing and the opening degree adjustment. The water in the water intake section enters the tower body mechanism through the water inlet and gate opening, flows to the conical drainage chamber of the water intake tower base, and then discharges the water in the tower to the outside of the tower through the drainage pipe. The annular gate of the non-target water intake section remains closed. Step 5: Closed-loop feedback control: Continuously collect data of the water intake section after control through sensors, compare it with the preset control target to verify the control effect. If the target is not met, dynamically correct the control parameters of the drive motor and readjust the opening of the annular gate until the operating parameters meet the preset target.

[0016] The present invention provides a prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower and water intake method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Each tower layer is independently equipped with a ring gate mechanism. Driven by a motor and gear meshing, the ring gate rotates, enabling precise alignment of the gate opening with the inlet and stepless adjustment of the opening degree, overcoming the limitations of traditional fixed water intake towers with fixed layer positions. It can flexibly switch water intake layers according to dynamic changes in the water environment, adapting to various operating conditions such as conventional water supply, flood season sand avoidance, ecological protection water intake, and emergency responses to abnormal water levels / quality. This avoids ecological damage from low-temperature water discharge and increased energy consumption from high-turbidity water intake, improving the flexibility and accuracy of water intake.

[0017] 2. The annular gate adopts a coaxial annular symmetrical structure. Under high water head, the radial water pressure is evenly distributed and cancels each other out along the 360° circumference, effectively avoiding the stress concentration problem of traditional planar gates. Bearings are used to connect the annular gate to the support base, converting the vertical hydraulic load into rolling friction, significantly reducing the frictional force of gate rotation. Even under high water pressure conditions, the gate can rotate smoothly without jamming or stuck. Simultaneously, the anti-torsional support ring of the tower fixing mechanism and the vertical fixing beam form an integrated anti-torsional system, improving the tower's torsional and load-bearing performance. This effectively solves the problems of structural deformation and seal failure of the water intake tower under hydraulic load impact, reducing equipment failure rate and extending service life.

[0018] 3. Multiple types of sensors are deployed at the water intake to achieve real-time and accurate collection of parameters such as water level, water quality, and sediment content in the intake section. Through a full-process control logic encompassing data preprocessing, parameter calculation, operating condition matching, gate regulation, and closed-loop feedback, an intelligent closed-loop control system is formed. This system can quickly respond to changes in operating conditions, dynamically correcting control parameters and adjusting gate openings in response to sudden water level or water quality anomalies. This achieves automated and intelligent control of the water intake process, solving the problems of slow response and weak emergency handling capabilities in traditional water intake control, and improving the stability of water supply security.

[0019] 4. Set up an installation slot and extend the drainage end at the lower end of the tower into the annular gate to guide the water smoothly into the internal flow channel of the tower. At the same time, protect the drive motor and other components to improve the safety of equipment operation.

[0020] 5. Through precise stratification control, water intake can be avoided at low-temperature water layers during critical ecological periods such as fish spawning and reproduction, strictly controlling the water temperature of the downstream water body, protecting the habitat environment of downstream aquatic organisms, and ensuring aquatic ecological security. In eutrophic water areas, suitable water intake layers can be selected to reduce the damage to the ecological balance of the water body caused by indiscriminate extraction. At the same time, the intelligent control system can stably meet the water supply needs of downstream people's livelihood, agriculture, and industry while ensuring ecological protection, achieving a synergistic balance between ecological protection and water supply security, and improving the ecological compatibility of water conservancy projects. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the following figures are provided for illustration: Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram of the tower body fixing structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the maintenance well in this invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the single-layer annular water intake tower of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the various structures of the single-layer annular water intake tower of the present invention; Figure 7 Detailed diagrams of the working structures of the annular gate of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a detailed drawing of the water intake tower base of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a detailed diagram of the sensor arrangement of the present invention; In the figure: tower body mechanism 100, water intake tower base 110, drainage chamber 111, tower body 120, water inlet 121, support base 122, mounting groove 123, drainage end 124, annular gate mechanism 130, annular gate 131, gate opening 132, bearing 133, annular gear 134, drive gear 135, drive motor 136; Drain pipe 200; Tower body fixing mechanism 300, anti-torsion support ring 310, vertical fixing beam 320; Inspection well 400, inspection well cover 410; Sensor 500, upper water level sensor 510, lower water level sensor 520, water quality sensor 530, and sediment content sensor 540. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0023] Example 1: like Figures 1-9As shown, a prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower includes a tower body mechanism 100, which comprises a water intake tower base 110 and multiple tower bodies 120. The tower bodies 120 are connected by flanges. At least one set of water inlets 121 are arranged at the same height on each tower body 120. The water inlets 121 are equipped with water-stopping strips to improve sealing. In specific implementations, multiple sets of water inlets 121 are arranged and evenly distributed along the circumference of the tower body 120, that is, the angles between the multiple water inlets 121 are equal. Each layer of the tower body 120 is equipped with a set of annular gate mechanisms 130. The annular gate mechanism 130 includes an annular gate 131. Several sets of gate openings 132 are set on the annular gate 131 corresponding to the number of water inlets 121. A support base 122 is set on the inner side of the tower body 120. The annular gate 131 is rotatably mounted on the support base 122 through a bearing 133. An annular gear 134 is provided on the top of the annular gate 131. A drive gear 135 meshes with the annular gear 134. The drive gear 135 is driven by a drive motor 136. A drainage chamber 111 communicating with the lowest tower body 120 is provided in the water intake tower base 110. The drainage chamber 111 is connected to the drainage pipe 200.

[0024] like Figures 1-2 as well as Figures 5-6 As shown, the tower body structure is the foundation bearing and core structure for water intake towers. It is assembled from the water intake tower base 110 and multiple tower bodies 120. In this embodiment, the tower body 120 is divided into 4 sections, each of which is a prefabricated cylindrical reinforced concrete structure with a wall thickness designed according to the water pressure of the water conservancy project.

[0025] The prefabricated water intake tower base 110 is hoisted into place and fixed with anchor bolts. The interior of the base is integrally cast to form a conical drainage cavity 111. The large end of the conical cavity is connected to the bottom tower body 120, and the small end is welded and sealed to the drainage pipe 200 to realize the collection and rapid discharge of water in the tower. The inner wall of the drainage cavity 111 is smoothed to reduce the resistance to water flow. Four tower sections 120 are hoisted from bottom to top to the upper end of the water intake tower base 110. Adjacent tower sections 120 are rigidly connected by flanges. Rubber gaskets are laid on the flange contact surfaces and then tightened with high-strength bolts to prevent water leakage. Each tower section 120 has three sets of water inlets 121 evenly opened in the circumference at the same height, with adjacent water inlets 121 spaced 120° apart, serving as channels for external water to enter the tower. The lower end of the tower section 120 is integrally cast with a drainage end 124, which is funnel-shaped and whose free end extends into the interior of the annular gate 131 to guide water smoothly into the vertical flow channel inside the tower.

[0026] In this embodiment, the tower body structure 100 is a fully assembled structure, and only hoisting and flange connection need to be completed on site, which greatly shortens the construction cycle; the conical drainage cavity 111 and the horn-shaped drainage end 124 cooperate to effectively optimize the water flow pattern and reduce water flow turbulence and energy loss.

[0027] Preferably, a prefabricated mounting groove 123 is provided on the lower side wall of the tower body 120. The groove is an annular groove that is adapted to the upper end of the annular gate 131.

[0028] like Figure 2 , Figures 6-7 As shown, the annular gate mechanism 130 is the core functional structure for water intake layer and flow regulation. One set is independently assembled in each tower body 120. In this embodiment, four sets of annular gate mechanisms 130 are assembled in the four tower body sections, and the components are arranged coaxially.

[0029] A support base 122 is installed inside each tower section 120. The support base 122 is a ring-shaped steel structure, and its upper end surface is leveled with the error controlled within ±0.5mm, providing a stable installation foundation for the ring gate 131. A thrust cylindrical roller bearing 133 is installed on the upper end surface of the support base 122, and the upper end of the ring gate 131 is embedded into the mounting groove 123 of the upper tower section 120, realizing the radial and vertical dual limit of the ring gate 131, ensuring that the gate rotates without deviation or jamming.

[0030] The annular gate 131 is an annular steel structure with three gate openings 132 corresponding to the three inlets 121 of the tower body 120. The size and shape of the gate openings 132 are perfectly matched with the inlets 121. By rotating the annular gate 131, the gate openings 132 and the inlets 121 can be fully aligned, partially aligned, or completely offset, so as to realize the opening and closing of the water intake and the stepless adjustment of the opening degree.

[0031] A ring gear 134 is integrally welded to the top of the annular gate 131, and the ring gear 134 is coaxial with the annular gate 131. A drive motor 136 is fixed on a pre-set bracket inside the tower body 120, and a drive gear 135 is installed on the output shaft end of the drive motor 136. The installation position of the drive motor 136 is adjusted so that the drive gear 135 and the ring gear 134 mesh precisely, and the meshing gap is controlled within 0.1-0.2mm to ensure the smoothness of power transmission.

[0032] In this embodiment, the thrust cylindrical roller bearing 133 converts the vertical hydraulic load of the annular gate 131 into rolling friction, and the driving force required for opening and closing is only 1 / 8 of that of a traditional planar gate of the same specification; the gear meshing transmission method enables the precise rotation of the annular gate 131, meeting the requirements for fine-grained control of water intake flow.

[0033] Preferred, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a tower body fixing mechanism 300, which includes several anti-torsion support rings 310 and vertical fixing beams 320 connecting the anti-torsion support rings 310. The anti-torsion support rings 310, vertical fixing beams 320 and tower body 120 are connected by bolts.

[0034] In this embodiment, six anti-torsion support rings 310 are provided, all of which are annular steel structures. One ring is located at the connection between the upper end of the water intake tower base 110 and the lowermost tower body 120, one ring is located at the connection between the top of the uppermost tower body 120 and the maintenance well 400, and the remaining four rings are located at the flange connection positions of the four tower body sections 120 respectively. The anti-torsion support rings 310 are sleeved on the outside of the tower body 120 and fixed to the outer wall of the tower body 120 by bolts.

[0035] Six vertical fixed beams 320, which are I-beam structures, are selected and evenly distributed along the 120mm circumference of the tower body. The two ends of the vertical fixed beams 320 are welded and fixed to the upper and lower adjacent anti-torsion support rings 310, so that the six anti-torsion support rings 310 and the ten vertical fixed beams 320 form an overall mesh anti-torsion system. The bottom end of the vertical fixed beams 320 extends 5m below the foundation and is fixed by concrete pouring to further improve the overall stability.

[0036] In this embodiment, the tower fixing mechanism 300 and the tower mechanism 100 are rigidly connected to form a cooperative force-bearing system, which can effectively resist the strong hydraulic load of the water conservancy hub and ensure the structural stability of the water intake tower under harsh working conditions.

[0037] Preferred, such as Figure 4 As shown, the top of the uppermost tower body 120 is provided with a maintenance well 400, and the top of the maintenance well 400 is provided with a maintenance well cover 410.

[0038] In this embodiment, the maintenance well 400 is a supporting structure for the operation and maintenance of the water intake tower. The maintenance well 400 is bolted to the top flange of the uppermost tower body 120. The maintenance well 400 is a vertical cylindrical steel structure, connected to the interior of the tower body 120, and its inner diameter meets the space requirements for personnel to enter and exit for maintenance. A maintenance well cover 410 is installed on the top of the maintenance well 400, and a sealing strip is laid on the contact surface between the cover and the well body to prevent rainwater and debris from falling into the tower body and affecting equipment operation. In this embodiment, the maintenance well 400 provides a convenient operating channel for the inspection, maintenance, and fault repair of equipment such as the annular gate mechanism 130 and the sensor 500, significantly reducing the difficulty and cost of equipment operation and maintenance.

[0039] like Figure 2 and Figure 9As shown, several sensors 500 are installed at the water inlet 121 of the tower body 120. These sensors 500 include an upper water level sensor 510, a lower water level sensor 520, a water quality sensor 530, and a sediment content sensor 540. The upper water level sensor 510 and the lower water level sensor 520 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the water inlet 121. An upper water level sensor 510 is installed at the top of the water inlet 121 of each layer of the tower body 120, and a lower water level sensor 520 is installed at the bottom. Water quality sensors 530 and sediment content sensors 540 are arranged beside the water inlet 121. Wiring and debugging of all sensors are completed to ensure the accuracy of data acquisition.

[0040] In specific implementation, it also includes an information processing and control module. The sensor 500 transmits data to the information processing and control module, which is used to control the drive motor (136) and the water pump.

[0041] A method for water intake using a prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower includes the following steps: Step 1: Data Acquisition: Real-time data on water level, water quality, and sediment content of the corresponding water intake section are collected through the upper water level sensor 510, lower water level sensor 520, water quality sensor 530, and sediment content sensor 540 at the water inlet 121 of each layer of the tower body 120. Step 2, Data Processing and Parameter Calculation: The collected raw data is filtered and preprocessed to remove outliers. Each tower body 120 corresponds to each water intake section. Based on the water level data at the top and bottom of the water intake section corresponding to the water inlet 121 of each tower body 120, the water column height difference of the corresponding water intake section is calculated. Then, the water pressure value of the water intake section is calculated using the fluid dynamics water pressure calculation formula. The water pressure difference data between each water intake section is calculated simultaneously. Step 3, Operating Condition Matching and Strategy Invocation: The pre-processed real-time data and parameter calculation results corresponding to the water intake section are compared with the preset threshold conditions corresponding to the conventional water supply, flood season sand avoidance, ecological protection water intake, water level abnormality emergency, and water quality abnormality emergency operating conditions to generate the opening control command of the ring gate 131. Step 4, Annular Gate Control: A control command is sent to the drive motor 136 of the tower body 120 corresponding to the target layer of the matching working condition. The drive motor 136 drives the drive gear 135 to rotate. The drive gear 135 meshes with the annular gear 134 to drive the annular gate 131 to rotate, so that the gate opening 132 of the annular gate 131 corresponds to the water inlet 121 of the tower body 120 to realize the opening and closing and the opening degree adjustment. The water inlet 121 and gate opening 132 in the water intake section enter the tower body mechanism 100 and flow to the conical drainage chamber 111 of the water intake tower base 110. Then, the water in the tower is discharged out of the tower through the drainage pipe 200. The annular gate 131 of the non-target water intake section remains closed. Step 5, Closed-loop feedback control: Continuously collect the water intake section data after control through sensor 500, compare it with the preset control target to verify the control effect. If the target is not met, dynamically correct the control parameters of drive motor 136 and readjust the opening of annular gate 131 until the operating parameters meet the preset target.

[0042] Example 2: Based on the assembled water intake tower described above, the specific implementation of the water intake method of the present invention under different working conditions is as follows, and the effects of each technical point are fully demonstrated in the implementation process.

[0043] The following details the complete execution process from information collection to gate control for two key operating scenarios of the core application of this invention: (a) Routine residential water supply conditions.

[0044] The triggering conditions for this operation are that the reservoir is in the non-flood season, the water level is stable, and the water environment parameters in the reservoir area are within the normal range. The core requirement is to stably ensure the quantity and quality of water for downstream urban and rural domestic and industrial use. The complete execution process is as follows: The first step involves real-time collection of comprehensive hydrological information. 500 sensors, each corresponding to a water intake section, are deployed vertically along the 120mm section of the tower. They collect data on the top and bottom water levels, water temperature, sediment content, pH value, and water quality parameters such as ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in each water intake section at a preset collection frequency of 10 seconds per collection. All collected raw data are uploaded to the information processing and control module in real time via a wired communication link to ensure the real-time performance and integrity of the data.

[0045] The second step is raw data preprocessing. After receiving the raw collected data, the information processing and control module first processes the data using a moving average filtering algorithm to remove abnormal jump values ​​caused by sensor fluctuations and water flow disturbances. At the same time, the data is standardized and corrected to obtain the effective water environment parameters corresponding to each water intake section, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent calculations and decisions.

[0046] The third step involves core parameter calculation and water intake suitability evaluation. First, for each water intake section, based on the pre-processed top and bottom water level data of that section, the water column height difference h of that section is calculated. Then, the water pressure is calculated using a preset fluid dynamics water pressure calculation formula. ,in The density of water is preset. The water pressure value of the intake section is calculated in real time based on the acceleration due to gravity. At the same time, the water pressure difference between adjacent intake sections and the water level difference between the tower and the reservoir are calculated simultaneously. Secondly, based on the preset water quality standards for domestic water supply, the water body of each intake section is analyzed for water supply suitability. The intake sections that meet the water supply requirements in terms of sediment content, pH value and water quality parameters are selected. Then, combined with water temperature and water level data, the target water intake layer with the best suitability is determined.

[0047] The fourth step is to generate a precise control scheme. By combining the real-time water supply flow demand downstream and the determined optimal water intake level, the target opening value of the annular gate 131 corresponding to the target water intake section is calculated. At the same time, the target operating power of the supporting water pump unit and the target on / off status and opening of the water conveyance valve group are determined to form a complete closed-loop control scheme. The fifth step involves the issuance of control commands and precise execution of the gate. The information processing and control module generates control commands and simultaneously sends them via the industrial control bus to the annular gate mechanism 130, the matching pump unit, and the water delivery valve group corresponding to the target water intake section. Upon receiving the opening control command, the drive motor 136 of the annular gate mechanism 130 drives the gear transmission pair of the drive gear 135 and the ring gear 134 to rotate precisely according to preset transmission parameters. This, combined with the limit guidance of the thrust cylindrical roller bearing 133, drives the annular gate 131 to rotate smoothly and precisely open to the calculated target opening. Simultaneously, the built-in opening encoder provides real-time feedback on the actual gate opening, ensuring that the gate opening control accuracy meets the standards. The annular gates 131 corresponding to other non-target water intake sections simultaneously receive commands and remain fully closed to prevent water from non-target water layers from entering the vertical flow channel inside the tower body 120. At the same time, the pump unit and the water delivery valve group simultaneously receive commands and adjust to the target operating state to ensure a stable water supply flow.

[0048] The sixth step is closed-loop feedback and dynamic verification and adjustment. After the gate and supporting equipment execute the control command, the sensor 500 continuously collects water level, water quality data and tower flow data of each water intake section. The information processing and control module compares the real-time collected operating data with the preset water supply target value to verify the control effect. If the actual water supply flow and water quality parameters deviate from the target value, the system immediately and dynamically corrects the control parameters such as the opening degree of the ring gate 131 and the operating power of the water pump, and reissues the adjustment command until the operating parameters fully meet the target requirements of domestic water supply, so as to achieve continuous and stable closed-loop control of the entire water supply process.

[0049] (II) Ecological Protection and Low-Temperature Water Avoidance Conditions During Fish Spawning Period The trigger condition for this operation is that it occurs during the breeding and spawning period of downstream protected fish. The core requirement is to strictly control the water temperature of the discharged water to prevent low-temperature water discharge from damaging the downstream fish spawning habitat, inhibiting fish egg hatching, and ensuring the safety of the aquatic ecosystem. The complete execution process is as follows: The first step is to collect encrypted water temperature and water environment information. The system automatically switches to the encrypted collection mode for ecological protection. 500 sensors, which are vertically deployed along the 120mm of the tower and correspond to each water intake section, collect high-precision water temperature data in each water intake section at an encrypted collection frequency of 5 seconds per collection. At the same time, the system also collects water level data, sediment content data, and water quality parameters at the top and bottom of each water intake section. All the collected raw data is uploaded to the information processing and control module in real time and at a high frequency to accurately depict the vertical water temperature stratification distribution characteristics of the reservoir water body.

[0050] The second step is ecologically oriented data preprocessing. After receiving the encrypted raw data, the information processing and control module uses the Kalman filter algorithm to smooth the water temperature data, remove abnormal data caused by water flow disturbance and sensor noise, accurately restore the real water temperature of the corresponding water layer in each water intake section, and at the same time complete the correction and outlier removal of water level, sediment content and water quality data to obtain a reliable full-water layer ecological parameter dataset.

[0051] The third step involves ecological adaptability calculation and target layer selection. First, based on the pre-processed water level data, the water column height, corresponding water depth, and water pressure value of each water intake section are calculated to clarify the spatial distribution and hydraulic parameters of each water intake section. Second, based on the preset water temperature threshold for fish spawning protection, which can be adjusted according to the suitable spawning temperature for protected fish, the water temperature data of all water intake sections are compared one by one to select water intake sections whose water temperature fully meets the ecological protection threshold requirements. Then, combined with the parameters collected by the sediment content sensor 540 and the water quality sensor 530, the water intake sections with the lowest sediment content and the best water quality are further selected from the water intake sections that meet the water temperature requirements, and these are determined as the target water intake layers for ecological protection. Finally, the target water intake flow rate is determined by combining the total demand of downstream ecological flow and water supply flow.

[0052] The fourth step is to generate an ecological protection control plan. Based on the determined target water intake layer and target water intake flow rate, the target opening value of the annular gate 131 corresponding to the target water intake section is calculated. At the same time, the gate closing instructions for all water intake sections with water temperature below the ecological protection threshold are determined, as well as the corresponding operating parameters of the supporting water pumps and water conveyance valves, forming a dedicated ecological protection water intake control plan.

[0053] The fifth step involves the issuance of control commands and precise execution of the gates. The information processing and control module transmits control commands synchronously to the annular gate mechanisms 130, supporting water pumps, and water delivery valve groups corresponding to all water intake sections via the industrial control bus. Upon receiving the opening command, the drive motor 136 corresponding to the target water intake section drives the gear transmission pair of the drive gear 135 and the annular gear 134 to rotate precisely, causing the annular gate 131 to open smoothly to the target opening. The actual opening is verified in real time by the opening encoder to ensure that the influent flow rate accurately matches the total demand of the ecological flow rate and the water supply flow rate. For all water intake sections where the water temperature is lower than the preset ecological protection threshold, the corresponding annular gate 131 remains fully closed upon receiving the command, completely preventing low-temperature water from entering the vertical flow channel of the tower body 120 from a physical perspective, thus avoiding the leakage of low-temperature water at the source. Simultaneously, the supporting water pumps and water delivery valves are adjusted to the target operating state to ensure a stable discharge flow rate.

[0054] The sixth step involves ecological closed-loop feedback and dynamic tracking and adjustment. After the control command is executed, the system continuously monitors the water temperature changes of the entire water layer in the reservoir area, as well as the water quality and flow data of the target water intake section, through 500 encrypted sensors. It compares in real time whether the water temperature of the discharged water body meets the ecological protection threshold. If the water temperature stratification fluctuates due to the diurnal temperature difference in the reservoir area and changes in the inflow, and the water temperature of the target water intake section exceeds the threshold range, the system immediately re-selects a new target water intake layer that meets the water temperature requirements, and simultaneously adjusts the opening and closing status and opening degree of the corresponding annular gate 131, seamlessly switching to the water intake layer that meets the ecological requirements. If the actual discharge flow rate deviates from the target value, the opening degree of the annular gate 131 and the water pump operating parameters are corrected in real time to ensure that the water temperature and flow rate of the discharged water body fully meet the ecological protection requirements throughout the process, minimizing the ecological disturbance of water intake behavior to downstream fish reproduction, and achieving a synergistic balance between ecological protection and water supply security.

[0055] Example 3: The design water supply flow rate is 2.0m, assuming the reservoir maintains a stable normal water level of 145.00m during the non-flood season, no sudden changes in water quality in the reservoir area, and downstream urban and rural residential areas and supporting industrial parks. 3 In this embodiment, under the specific operating conditions of a regular domestic water supply, the "Standards for Drinking Water Source Quality" (CJ3020) are strictly implemented. The preset water quality control thresholds are: pH 6.5~8.5, sediment content ≤50mg / L, ammonia nitrogen ≤0.5mg / L, and total phosphorus ≤0.1mg / L. The complete implementation process is as follows: First, the information processing and control module issues a data acquisition command. The upper water level sensor 510, lower water level sensor 520, water quality sensor 530, and sediment content sensor 540 corresponding to the four water intake sections simultaneously acquire data on the top and bottom water levels, water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, and sediment content of the corresponding water intake sections at a preset acquisition frequency of 10 seconds / acquisition. All raw data are uploaded to the information processing and control module in real time.

[0056] Subsequently, the control module preprocessed the raw data using a moving average filter to remove abnormal fluctuations caused by water flow disturbances and sensor noise. After completing the data range correction, the effective water environment parameters for each water intake section were obtained. According to the analysis of the measured data, the water temperature of the first water intake section was 12.3℃ and the sediment content was 120mg / L, exceeding the threshold. The water temperature of the second water intake section was 14.6℃ and the sediment content was 75mg / L, exceeding the threshold. The water temperature of the third water intake section was 17.8℃, the sediment content was 32mg / L, and the pH value was 7.2. All water quality indicators met the water supply standards. The water temperature of the fourth water intake section was 19.2℃, but the total phosphorus was 0.12mg / L, exceeding the threshold due to the influence of surface algae. Therefore, after completing the water intake suitability evaluation, the control module determined that the third water intake section was the optimal target water intake layer for conventional water supply.

[0057] Next, based on the water level data collected by the upper water level sensor 510 and the lower water level sensor 520 of the third water intake section, the control module calculates the water column height difference h=9m in this section, and then uses the fluid dynamics water pressure calculation formula. The system calculates the water pressure in the intake section in real time to be 0.088 MPa. Based on the designed water supply flow rate of 2.0 m³ / s, the target opening degree of the corresponding annular gate 131 is calculated to be 65%. The target operating power of the supporting water pump unit is determined to be 45 kW, and the corresponding opening degree of the water delivery valve is also determined. Subsequently, the information processing and control module synchronously sends control commands to the drive motors 136 corresponding to each layer of the annular gate 131, the supporting water pump units, and the water delivery valve groups via the industrial control bus. Upon receiving the opening command, the drive motor 136 corresponding to the third water intake section drives the drive gear 13 connected to its output shaft. 5. Precise rotation: Through the meshing transmission of the drive gear 135 and the annular gear 134 matching the annular gate 131, the annular gate 131 is driven to rotate smoothly. The gate's built-in opening encoder provides real-time feedback on the actual opening. When the opening reaches the target value of 65%, the drive motor 136 automatically locks, precisely controlling the water inflow of that section. After receiving the command, the drive motors 136 corresponding to the water intake sections of the 1st, 2nd, and 4th layers keep the corresponding annular gate 131 fully closed to prevent water from non-target water layers from entering the vertical flow channel of the tower. The matching water pumps and water delivery valves are synchronously adjusted to the target operating state to ensure a stable water supply output.

[0058] Finally, the control module continuously collects water level, flow rate, and water quality data after regulation through various sensors 500, and continuously compares and verifies the real-time operating data with the preset water supply target. If the actual water supply flow rate deviates due to slight fluctuations in the reservoir water level or changes in downstream water usage peaks and troughs, the opening degree of the annular gate 131 and the water pump operating parameters are immediately and dynamically corrected, and adjustment instructions are reissued until the operating parameters fully meet the requirements of the people's livelihood water supply target, thus achieving continuous and stable closed-loop control under normal water supply conditions.

[0059] Example 4: This implementation plan addresses the specific conditions for ecological protection and low-temperature water avoidance during the spawning and reproduction season of the four native Chinese carp species (black carp, grass carp, silver carp, and bighead carp) in the basin from April to June each year. Based on aquaculture and aquatic ecological protection standards, the core ecological thresholds for spawning and hatching of this protected species are preset as follows: critical spawning water temperature ≥18℃, optimal hatching water temperature 22~26℃, suitable pH value 7.0~8.0, sediment content ≤200mg / L, and dissolved oxygen ≥5mg / L. At this time, there is a significant vertical temperature stratification in the reservoir water body, and the downstream river channel is the core spawning ground for this species. The designed ecological water replenishment flow rate is 0.8m³ / s, simultaneously taking into account the water supply needs of downstream villages and towns. The complete implementation process is as follows: First, after entering the fish spawning protection period, the information processing and control module automatically switches to the ecological protection encrypted acquisition mode, and sends encrypted acquisition commands to the sensors at each layer. The upper water level sensor 510, lower water level sensor 520, water quality sensor 530, and sediment content sensor 540 corresponding to the four water intake sections synchronously collect high-precision water temperature data, water level data, pH value, dissolved oxygen, and sediment content data of each water intake section at an encrypted frequency of 5 seconds / time. Among them, the water temperature acquisition accuracy is controlled within ±0.2℃. All collected data are uploaded to the control module in real time at a high frequency, accurately depicting the vertical water temperature stratification distribution characteristics of the reservoir water body.

[0060] Subsequently, the control module smoothed the encrypted water temperature data using a Kalman filter algorithm, eliminating abnormal data and accurately restoring the actual water environment parameters of each water intake section. Analysis of the measured data showed that the water temperature of the first intake section was 15.2℃ and the pH value was 6.8, below the critical spawning temperature threshold. The water temperature of the second intake section was 17.5℃ and the pH value was 6.9, still not meeting the critical spawning temperature requirement. The water temperature of the third intake section was 18.7℃, the pH value was 7.3, the sediment content was 85 mg / L, and the dissolved oxygen was 6.2 mg / L, meeting the basic ecological threshold for spawning. The water temperature of the fourth intake section was 20.5℃, the pH value was 7.5, the sediment content was 60 mg / L, and the dissolved oxygen was 7.1 mg / L, perfectly matching the optimal ecological threshold for the spawning period of the four major Chinese carps. Therefore, the control module ultimately determined the fourth intake section as the target water intake layer for ecological protection.

[0061] Next, the control module calculates the water pressure value of the fourth water intake section based on the water level data. Combined with the ecological water replenishment and total water supply flow requirement of 0.8 m³ / s, it calculates the target opening of the corresponding annular gate 131 to be 40%, and determines the operating parameters of the supporting pumps and valves. Subsequently, the control module synchronously sends control commands to the drive motors 136, supporting pumps, and water supply valve groups corresponding to each annular gate 131. Upon receiving the opening command, the drive motor 136 corresponding to the fourth water intake section drives the drive gear 135 and the annular gear 134 to mesh, thus driving the annular gate 131 through the support base 122 and thrust cylindrical roller bearings. The support structure composed of 133 precisely opens to the target opening degree of 40%, greatly reducing energy loss and damage to the gate caused by friction. At the same time, the high-precision opening encoder built into the gate provides real-time feedback on the actual opening degree, ensuring that the water inflow accurately matches the target flow demand. After receiving the command, the drive motors 136 corresponding to the first, second, and third water intake sections keep the corresponding annular gates 131 fully closed, completely preventing low-temperature water from entering the water intake channel from a physical perspective. This avoids the ecological risk of low-temperature water leakage damaging downstream fish spawning habitats and reducing fish egg hatching rates from the source. The matching water pumps and water delivery valves are synchronously adjusted to the target operating state to ensure stable discharge flow.

[0062] Finally, the control module continuously and encrypts the water temperature changes of the entire water layer in the reservoir area and the water temperature and flow data of the discharged water body through each sensor 500. It compares the data with the ecological protection threshold in real time. If the water temperature of the original target water intake section is lower than the critical threshold of 18℃ due to the diurnal temperature difference in the reservoir area or the inflow of cold water from upstream, the system immediately re-compares the real-time water temperature data of all water intake sections, quickly selects a new target water intake layer that meets the ecological requirements, and simultaneously adjusts the opening and closing status and opening degree of the corresponding annular gate 131 to seamlessly switch to the water intake layer that meets the ecological protection requirements. If the actual discharge flow rate deviates, the gate opening degree and water pump operating parameters are corrected in real time to ensure that the water temperature, flow rate and water quality of the discharged water body fully meet the ecological protection requirements for fish spawning, and achieve a synergistic balance between aquatic ecological protection and downstream water supply security.

[0063] Example 5: This embodiment addresses the core operating conditions where downstream agricultural irrigation requires large-flow water replenishment during peak periods, while reservoir water levels fluctuate significantly and gates must withstand high water pressure. The specific implementation process and principle are as follows: The first step is condition triggering and real-time data acquisition. When the downstream irrigation area issues a large-flow irrigation water replenishment demand of 8 m³ / s, and the reservoir maintains a high water level of 148.00 m, the deep water intake section of the water tower needs to withstand a maximum water head pressure of 43 m. After receiving the water replenishment demand instruction, the information processing and control module immediately issues a data acquisition instruction. The upper water level sensor 510, lower water level sensor 520, water quality sensor 530, and sediment content sensor 540 corresponding to the five water intake sections synchronously collect water level, water pressure, water temperature, sediment content, and pH value data of each water intake section according to the preset frequency. All data are uploaded to the control module in real time to provide data support for subsequent decision-making.

[0064] The second step involves water intake suitability analysis and control scheme generation. After preprocessing the collected water environment data, the control module combines the water quality requirements for irrigation water (sand content ≤300mg / L, pH value 6.5~8.5) to screen the suitability of each water intake section. Data analysis shows that the fourth water intake section has low sand content, meets irrigation requirements, and has relatively low head pressure. In order to meet the large flow rate demand of 8m³ / s, the control module determines to open the annular gate 131 of the fourth water intake section. Based on the water level data of each water intake section, the corresponding water pressure value is calculated. Combined with the total water intake flow rate demand, the target opening degree of the fourth annular gate 131 is calculated to be 100% to maximize the utilization of the total flow area of ​​the three inlets 121 in each layer. At the same time, the operating parameters of the matching water pumps and water valves are determined to form a complete large flow rate water intake control scheme.

[0065] The third step involves gate opening and closing control and large-flow water intake implementation. The information processing and control module transmits control commands synchronously to the drive motors 136, matching water pumps, and water valve groups corresponding to the four water intake sections via the industrial control bus. Upon receiving the 100% fully open control command, the drive motor 136 of the fourth water intake section drives the drive gear 135 to rotate precisely. Through the meshing transmission between the drive gear 135 and the ring gear 134, the ring gate 131 rotates smoothly coaxially around the tower body 120, ensuring that the gate opening 132 of the ring gate is completely aligned with the three fan-shaped water inlets 121 of the tower body, achieving full opening of the three water inlets 121 for water passage. During this process, because the ring gate 131 adopts a coaxial annular symmetrical structure, high water... The radial water pressure under the gate is evenly distributed and cancels each other out along a 360° circumference. The gate opening and closing process is not affected by the obstruction of lateral water pressure. At the same time, the thrust cylindrical roller bearing 133 converts the vertical water pressure of the gate into rolling friction. The driving force required for opening and closing is only 1 / 8 of that of a traditional planar gate of the same specification. Even under high water pressure conditions, it can quickly and smoothly complete the full opening action without any problems such as jamming, stuck, or inability to open. The water intake sections of the first, second, and third layers that do not meet the water intake requirements have their corresponding annular gates 131 kept in a fully closed state to prevent high-sediment water from entering the flow channel. The matching water pumps and water delivery valves are synchronously adjusted to the corresponding high-flow operation state. The three inlets 121 of the fourth layer allow water to pass through simultaneously, with a total flow area of ​​5.1m². 2 It can stably meet the large flow rate water intake demand of 8m³ / s. Compared with the structure of a single-hole planar gate in a traditional layered water intake tower of the same size, the maximum flow capacity of this embodiment is increased by 220%, which can quickly respond to the downstream demand for large flow water replenishment and emergency water supply.

[0066] The fourth step is operational status monitoring and closed-loop protection. During high-flow water intake, each sensor 500 continuously collects water level, flow rate, and water quality data for each intake section. The control module monitors the operating current of each drive motor 136 and the opening status of the annular gate 131 in real time to verify whether the actual water intake flow rate meets downstream demand. If the flow rate deviates due to fluctuations in the reservoir water level, the opening of the corresponding annular gate 131 is immediately and dynamically adjusted. At the same time, the operating status of the gate is continuously monitored. Relying on the structural advantage of the annular gate's uniform force distribution, the gate opening and closing is ensured to be smooth and without jamming throughout the process. If a sudden change in water quality occurs, the opening and closing status of the corresponding intake section can be quickly adjusted. While ensuring high-flow water intake, the water quality of the intake water meets the requirements, achieving safe, stable, and intelligent closed-loop control under high-flow conditions.

[0067] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower, characterized in that, The tower structure includes a base (110) and multiple tower sections (120). The tower sections (120) are connected by flanges. At least one set of inlets (121) is provided at the same height on each tower section (120). Each tower section (120) is equipped with a ring gate mechanism (130). The ring gate mechanism (130) includes a ring gate (131). Several sets of gates (132) are provided on the ring gate (131) corresponding to the number of inlets (121). 0) A support base (122) is provided on the inner side. The annular gate (131) is rotatably mounted on the support base (122) through the bearing (133). The top of the annular gate (131) is provided with an annular gear (134). The drive gear (135) meshes with the annular gear (134). The drive gear (135) is driven by the drive motor (136). The water intake tower base (110) is provided with a drainage chamber (111) that communicates with the lowest tower body (120). The drainage chamber (111) is connected to the drainage pipe (200).

2. The prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing (133) is a thrust cylindrical roller bearing.

3. The prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a tower body fixing mechanism (300) comprising several anti-torsion support rings (310) and a vertical fixing beam (320) connecting the anti-torsion support rings (310), wherein the anti-torsion support rings (310), the vertical fixing beam (320) and the tower body (120) are connected by bolts.

4. The prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the uppermost tower body (120) is equipped with a maintenance well (400), and the top of the maintenance well (400) is equipped with a maintenance well cover (410).

5. A prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several sensors (500) are installed at the water inlet (121) of the tower body (120).

6. A prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sensor (500) includes an upper water level sensor (510), a lower water level sensor (520), a water quality sensor (530), and a sediment content sensor (540). The upper water level sensor (510) and the lower water level sensor (520) are respectively installed at the top and bottom of the inlet (121).

7. A prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower side wall of the tower body (120) is provided with an installation groove (123), and the upper end of the annular gate (131) is set in the installation groove (123).

8. A prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the tower body (120) is provided with a drainage end (124), which extends into the annular gate (131).

9. A prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage cavity (111) is a conical cavity.

10. The water intake method of a prefabricated multi-layer annular gate water intake tower according to claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Data Acquisition: Real-time data on water level, water quality, and sediment content of the corresponding water intake section are collected through the upper water level sensor (510), lower water level sensor (520), water quality sensor (530), and sediment content sensor (540) at the water inlet (121) of each tower body (120). Step 2, Data Processing and Parameter Calculation: The collected raw data is filtered and preprocessed to remove outliers. Each tower body (120) corresponds to each water intake section. Based on the water level data at the top and bottom of the water intake section corresponding to the inlet (121) of each tower body (120), the water column height difference of the corresponding water intake section is calculated. Then, the water pressure value of the water intake section is calculated using the fluid dynamics water pressure calculation formula. The water pressure difference data between each water intake section is calculated simultaneously. Step 3, Operating Condition Matching and Strategy Invocation: The pre-processed real-time data and parameter calculation results corresponding to the water intake section are compared with the preset threshold conditions corresponding to the conventional water supply, flood season sand avoidance, ecological protection water intake, water level abnormality emergency, and water quality abnormality emergency operating conditions to generate the opening control command of the ring gate (131). Step 4, Annular Gate Control: A control command is sent to the drive motor (136) of the target layer tower (120) corresponding to the matching working condition. The drive motor (136) drives the drive gear (135) to rotate. The drive gear (135) meshes with the annular gear (134) to drive the annular gate (131) to rotate. This causes the gate (132) of the annular gate (131) to correspond with the water inlet (121) of the tower (120) to achieve opening and closing and opening degree adjustment. The water inlet (121) and gate (132) in the water intake section enter the tower body mechanism (100) and flow to the conical drainage chamber (111) of the water intake tower base (110). Then, the water in the tower is discharged out of the tower through the drainage pipe (200). The annular gate (131) of the non-target water intake section remains closed. Step 5, Closed-loop feedback control: Continuously collect the water intake section data after control through the sensor (500), compare it with the preset control target to verify the control effect. If the target is not met, dynamically correct the control parameters of the drive motor (136) and readjust the opening of the annular gate (131) until the operating parameters meet the preset target.

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