Dual-mode rotary drilling tool pick arrangement system and method based on load adaptation
By using a load-adaptive dual-mode rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system, the cutter arrangement and mode switching are optimized, solving the problem of uneven force distribution on traditional rotary drilling tool cutters, improving efficiency and stability, and reducing energy consumption.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA RAILWAY CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING GROUP
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
Smart Images
Figure CN122428845A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering machinery technology, and in particular to a load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutting tooth arrangement system and method. Background Technology
[0002] Rotary drilling tools are core operating components in geotechnical engineering construction. They come into direct contact with the ground, cutting the soil and rock and transporting it out of the hole. Their performance directly determines construction efficiency, hole formation quality, and equipment energy consumption. Traditional drilling tools install cutting teeth on the end face of the rotary drilling disc in a uniform or symmetrical arrangement, with each cutting tooth maintaining a consistent installation angle.
[0003] However, the linear velocity, cutting depth, and rock resistance of the central and edge areas of the rotary drilling rig differ significantly. Since all cutting teeth are installed at a single angle, the cutting teeth in the central and edge areas are subjected to different forces, which makes it impossible to fully utilize the efficiency of each cutting tooth. This results in high ineffective power consumption of the drilling tool and low overall efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system and method.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system, comprising: The rotary drilling rig body has a working surface including a central working area and an edge reinforcement area surrounding the central working area; A fixed cutting tooth assembly is mounted on the rotary drilling rig body; the fixed cutting tooth assembly includes a main cutting tooth with an entry angle of 60 degrees. In the central working area, at least one pair of opposing first auxiliary cutting teeth are provided, and the entry angle of the first auxiliary cutting teeth is 45 degrees. Within the edge reinforcement zone, at least two pairs of opposing second auxiliary cutting teeth are provided, with the second auxiliary cutting teeth having an entry angle of 45 degrees; and the arrangement density of the main cutting cutting teeth within the edge reinforcement zone is greater than the arrangement density of the main cutting cutting teeth within the central working zone.
[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the load-adaptive dual-mode rotary drilling tool cutting tooth arrangement system of the present invention, the central working area is circular, and the cutting teeth in it are arranged along the concentric rings in a one-to-one arrangement; the edge reinforcement area is annular, and the cutting teeth in it are arranged along the concentric rings in a two-to-one arrangement and symmetrically.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutting tooth arrangement system of the present invention, a central positioning drill is provided at the center of the central working area, and discharge blades are provided on both sides of its edge.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutting tooth arrangement system of the present invention, it further includes at least two intelligent slider modules symmetrically arranged on the edge of the rotary drilling disk body. The intelligent slider modules are capable of radial extension and retraction along the rotary drilling disk body, and slider cutting teeth are installed on them. When the intelligent slider module is in the extended state, the rotary drilling rig body is in the horizontal rotary drilling mode; when the intelligent slider module is in the retracted state, the rotary drilling rig body is in the drilling rotary drilling mode. The pair of second auxiliary cutting teeth in the edge reinforcement area are arranged in the intelligent slider module.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutting tooth arrangement system of the present invention, the slider cutting tooth includes an inner ring cutting tooth group and an outer ring cutting tooth group, and the second auxiliary cutting tooth is arranged in the inner ring cutting tooth group.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system of the present invention, the entry angle of the sliding cutter is 60 degrees.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutting tooth arrangement system of the present invention, the feature is that, within the central working area and the edge reinforcement area, the minimum coverage distance between the cutting trajectories of any two adjacent cutting teeth in the radial and / or circumferential directions is 30 mm.
[0012] Secondly, the load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement method provided by the present invention includes the following steps: The rotary drilling rig's working face is divided into a central working area and an edge reinforcement area; Within the central working area and the edge reinforcement area, the main cutting teeth are installed with a 60-degree entry angle. Within the central working area, at least one pair of first auxiliary cutting teeth are added, installed at a 45-degree angle of attack and arranged opposite each other; Within the edge reinforcement zone, at least two pairs of second auxiliary cutting teeth are added, installed at a 45-degree entry angle and arranged opposite each other; The arrangement density of cutting teeth in the edge reinforcement zone is greater than that in the central working zone.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement method in this invention, it further includes a working mode switching step: In response to a horizontal rotary drilling operation command, the intelligent slider module located on the edge of the rotary drilling disc is controlled to extend radially; In response to the drilling rotary drilling operation command, the intelligent slider module is controlled to retract radially; At least one pair of the at least two pairs of second auxiliary cutting teeth is arranged on the intelligent slider module.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention features load adaptation and efficiency improvement: high-density 60-degree main tangential cutting teeth are concentrated in the high-load edge zone to achieve powerful crushing; low-density main tangential cutting teeth adapt to the lower load in the central zone. The introduction of 45-degree auxiliary cutting teeth utilizes their strong lateral force to assist in slag removal in the central zone, and can play a role in pre-splitting cast-in-place piles and changing the direction of crack propagation in the edge zone, creating favorable conditions for subsequent 60-degree main tangential cutting teeth. Through zoned differential arrangement, the load of cutting teeth in the central and edge zones tends to be balanced, giving full play to the efficiency of each cutting tooth, reducing the functional loss of rotary drilling, and improving the overall efficiency by about 20%-30%, achieving effective energy saving.
[0015] Enhanced dynamic stability: Pairs of symmetrically arranged 45-degree auxiliary cutting teeth form a dynamic stabilizing unit. Their unique cutting mechanics characteristics can effectively offset and disperse some of the lateral vibrations and impact loads generated during drilling. This not only significantly improves the smoothness of the drill bit operation, but also improves the straightness of the tunneling trajectory and the flatness of the formed surface, and improves the quality of the rotary drilling hole. It also reduces the workload of over-digging and correction, effectively reducing the repeated operation of the drill bit caused by over-digging and correction, thereby saving energy consumption and achieving effective energy-saving effect.
[0016] Functional integration and intelligent switching: The system integrates a radially retractable intelligent slider module in the edge area, which can quickly switch between horizontal rotary drilling mode (large cross-section forming) and borehole rotary drilling mode (deep hole operation) through simple mechanical movements, greatly expanding the application range of the equipment.
[0017] It should be understood that the description in the Summary of the Invention is not intended to limit the key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to restrict the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting tooth arrangement system in the horizontal rotary drilling mode according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting tooth arrangement system in the rotary drilling mode according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of the cutting tooth arrangement system in horizontal rotary drilling mode according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the central working area of the cutting tooth arrangement system according to an embodiment of this application.
[0019] Numbering on the map: 1000, Central working area; 1100, Central positioning drill; 1200, Discharge blade; 2000, Edge Reinforcement Zone; 3000, Main cutting cutting gear; 4000, First auxiliary cutting tooth; 5000, Second Auxiliary Cutting Tooth; 6000, Intelligent Slider Module. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.
[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0022] Example 1
[0023] Please refer to Figures 1-5 The embodiments of the present invention provide a load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system, comprising: The equipment includes a rotary drilling rig body, a fixed cutting tooth assembly, and an intelligent slider module 6000. One end of the rotary drilling rig body is a connecting surface, and the other end is a working surface. The working surface includes a central working area 1000 and an edge reinforcement area 2000 surrounding the central working area 1000. The fixed cutting tooth assembly is installed on the rotary drilling rig body and includes main cutting teeth 3000 installed at a 60-degree entry angle. In the central working area 1000, at least one pair of first auxiliary cutting teeth 4000 installed at a 45-degree entry angle and arranged opposite each other are provided. In the edge reinforcement area 2000, at least two pairs of second auxiliary cutting teeth 5000 installed at a 45-degree entry angle and arranged opposite each other are provided. The arrangement density of the main cutting teeth 3000 in the edge reinforcement area 2000 is greater than the arrangement density of the main cutting teeth 3000 in the central working area 1000. The intelligent slider module 6000 is used to change the rotary drilling mode of the equipment.
[0024] In this embodiment, the load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system includes a rotary drilling disk body, a fixed cutter assembly, and an intelligent slider module 6000. The rotary drilling disk body is a circular steel disk with a flange or keyway at the center of one end for connection to the drill rod power head, and the other end is the disk surface, which serves as the working surface for arranging cutters. The fixed cutter assembly includes all cutters fixedly installed on the disk surface of the rotary drilling disk body. Based on their installation angle and function, they are divided into main cutting cutters 3000, first auxiliary cutters 4000, and second auxiliary cutters 5000. The main cutting cutters 3000 have an installation angle of 60 degrees and undertake the main concrete cutting. For crushing tasks, the first auxiliary cutting teeth 4000 are installed with an entry angle of 45° and are arranged in pairs in the central working area 1000. The second auxiliary cutting teeth 5000 are installed with an entry angle of 45° and are arranged in pairs in the edge reinforcement area 2000. A specific pair has a special function. The intelligent slider modules 6000 are symmetrically installed on the inner ring side of the edge reinforcement area 2000. Each intelligent slider module 6000 includes a slider base, a set of radial linear guide rails or grooves, a drive mechanism, and slider cutting teeth installed on the slider base. The drive mechanism can precisely control the slider base and the cutting teeth on it to extend or retract along the radial linear guide rails or grooves.
[0025] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the rotary drilling rig body divides the surface into two areas with the center as the center: Central working area 1000: The central working area 1000 is a circular area. This area adopts a low-density tooth arrangement scheme of one ring and one tooth. That is, on the concentric rings with radii of r1, r2, ... rn, each ring is equipped with only one cutting tooth. This ensures that the central working area 1000 has sufficient space for chip holding and chip removal, so as to solve the defects of low linear velocity in this area and difficulty in removing the chips generated during the crushing process.
[0026] Edge reinforcement zone 2000: The edge reinforcement zone 2000 is an annular area. This area adopts a high-density tooth arrangement scheme with two teeth on one ring. That is, on the concentric ring with a larger radius, two cutting teeth are symmetrically installed on each ring to ensure force balance and solve the defects of high linear velocity and high crushing resistance in this area.
[0027] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the mounting positions of the main cutting pick 3000 all adopt a 60-degree entry angle. The entry angle represents the angle between the axial direction of the pick tip and the circumferential tangent direction of the pick's position on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotary drilling disc. This angle is precisely fixed by a specially machined inclined surface of the pick holder or an adjustable pick holder with an angle scale. The main cutting pick 3000 plays the main crushing role.
[0028] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, on a certain ring of the central working area 1000, two first auxiliary cutting teeth 4000 with an attack angle of 45° are selected and installed in opposite positions. The attack angle of the first auxiliary cutting teeth 4000 is relatively small. During cutting, the lateral thrust component generated on the debris is significantly greater than that of the 60° tooth. When a pair of first auxiliary cutting teeth 4000 are working, they work together to efficiently push the debris accumulated in the central working area 1000 to both sides to the edge area, overcoming the problem of blockage in the central area. At the same time, it has no adverse effect on the rotational balance of the drill bit. In the edge reinforcement area 2000, at least two rings are selected, and a pair of second auxiliary cutting teeth 5000 with an attack angle of 45° are arranged on each ring. The second auxiliary cutting teeth 5000 play a role in pre-splitting and flow stabilization. In the high resistance area of the edge, the second auxiliary cutting teeth 5000 that first contact the concrete will penetrate the cast-in-place pile with a different stress mode, generating guiding microcracks, thereby reducing the cutting peak resistance of the subsequent main cutting cutting teeth 3000 and making the crushing process smoother.
[0029] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, two intelligent slider modules 6000 are symmetrically fixed to the reserved interface of the edge reinforcement area 2000. The sliding direction of the intelligent slider module 6000 points radially towards the center working area 1000. The entry angle of the slider cutting teeth is 60 degrees. It includes an inner ring cutting tooth group and an outer ring cutting tooth group. The inner ring cutting tooth group includes at least two cutting teeth, and the second auxiliary cutting tooth 5000 is arranged at the end of the inner ring cutting tooth group. The outer ring cutting tooth group includes at least two cutting teeth. The intelligent slider module 6000 includes a horizontal rotary drilling mode and a drilling rotary drilling mode.
[0030] Horizontal rotary drilling mode: When large-section overall operation is required, the control system sends a command to the drive mechanism of the intelligent slider module 6000. The intelligent slider module 6000 drives the slider cutting teeth on it to move radially inward until the maximum stroke is reached. At this time, the slider cutting teeth connect the central working area 1000 and the edge reinforcement area 2000 into a whole to participate in cutting, realizing efficient large-area horizontal rotary drilling.
[0031] Rotary drilling mode: When a circular operation is required, the control system issues a retraction command, and the slider module drives the slider cutting teeth to retract completely radially. At this time, the central working area 1000 and the edge reinforcement area 2000 are disconnected, and the area between the central working area 1000 and the edge reinforcement area 2000 is not crushed during the crushing process.
[0032] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, a central positioning drill 1100 is set at the center of the central working area 1000. The longitudinal section of the central positioning drill 1100 is stepped. During the operation, it first contacts the grouting pile to position the equipment and improve the stability of the equipment during operation. On the opposite sides of the edge of the central working area 1000, there are discharge blades 1200. They are inclined towards the grouting pile to discharge the powdery material generated during the operation of the equipment and ensure the flatness of the forming surface.
[0033] Example 2
[0034] Based on Example 1, this example provides a load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement method, including the following steps: S1: Design and Installation Phase The diameter of the rotary drilling rig is determined based on the diameter of the concrete pile and the location of its internal reinforcing bars, and the central working area and the edge reinforcement area are divided by a radius of 150mm.
[0035] In the central working area, the tooth positions are planned according to a low-density scheme of one ring and one tooth, and at least one pair of opposing 45° first auxiliary cutting teeth 4000 are forcibly embedded in them, while the remaining tooth positions are equipped with 60° main cutting cutting teeth 3000.
[0036] In the edge reinforcement zone 2000, the tooth positions are planned according to a high-density scheme of one ring and two teeth, and a pair of oppositely arranged 45° second auxiliary cutting teeth 5000 are embedded on at least two rings. The remaining tooth positions are equipped with 60° main cutting cutting teeth 3000. The intelligent slider module 6000 is symmetrically installed in the edge reinforcement zone 2000 and its telescopic function is adjusted. A pair of second auxiliary cutting teeth 5000 are installed on the intelligent slider module 6000.
[0037] S2: Construction Operation Phase Mode selection: The operator selects the working mode in the cab or on the remote control according to the working conditions.
[0038] Automatic switching: The control system receives instructions and automatically drives the intelligent slider module 6000 to extend or retract.
[0039] Adaptive operation: When the drilling rig is started, the drill bit automatically achieves efficient, stable and low-wear tunneling under the load adaptive tooth distribution system and dual-angle synergy.
[0040] In the description of this specification, the terms "connection," "installation," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0041] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system, characterized in that, include: The rotary drilling rig body has a working surface including a central working area and an edge reinforcement area surrounding the central working area; A fixed cutting tooth assembly is mounted on the rotary drilling rig body; the fixed cutting tooth assembly includes a main cutting tooth with an entry angle of 60 degrees. In the central working area, at least one pair of opposing first auxiliary cutting teeth are provided, and the entry angle of the first auxiliary cutting teeth is 45 degrees. Within the edge reinforcement zone, at least two pairs of opposing second auxiliary cutting teeth are provided, with the second auxiliary cutting teeth having an entry angle of 45 degrees; and the arrangement density of the main cutting cutting teeth within the edge reinforcement zone is greater than the arrangement density of the main cutting cutting teeth within the central working zone.
2. The load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central working area is circular, and the cutting teeth inside it are arranged in a one-tooth-per-ring manner along concentric circles; the edge reinforcement area is annular, and the cutting teeth inside it are arranged in a double-tooth-per-ring manner along concentric circles in a symmetrical manner.
3. The load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system according to claim 2, characterized in that, A central positioning drill is set at the center of the central working area, and discharge blades are set on both sides of its edge.
4. The load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes at least two intelligent slider modules symmetrically arranged on the edge of the rotary drilling rig body. The intelligent slider modules are capable of radial extension and retraction along the rotary drilling rig body and are equipped with slider cutting teeth. When the intelligent slider module is in the extended state, the rotary drilling rig body is in the horizontal rotary drilling mode; when the intelligent slider module is in the retracted state, the rotary drilling rig body is in the drilling rotary drilling mode. The pair of second auxiliary cutting teeth in the edge reinforcement area are arranged in the intelligent slider module.
5. The load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The slider cutting teeth include an inner ring cutting tooth group and an outer ring cutting tooth group, and the second auxiliary cutting tooth is arranged in the inner ring cutting tooth group.
6. The load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The entry angle of the slider cutting teeth is 60 degrees.
7. The load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within the central working area and the edge reinforcement area, the minimum coverage distance between the cutting trajectories of any two adjacent cutting teeth in the radial and / or circumferential directions is 30 mm.
8. A load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The rotary drilling rig's working face is divided into a central working area and an edge reinforcement area; Within the central working area and the edge reinforcement area, the main cutting teeth are installed with a 60-degree entry angle. Within the central working area, at least one pair of first auxiliary cutting teeth are added, installed at a 45-degree angle of attack and arranged opposite each other; Within the edge reinforcement zone, at least two pairs of second auxiliary cutting teeth are added, installed at a 45-degree entry angle and arranged opposite each other; The arrangement density of cutting teeth in the edge reinforcement zone is greater than that in the central working zone.
9. The load-adaptive dual-modal rotary drilling tool cutter arrangement method according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes the steps for switching working modes: In response to a horizontal rotary drilling operation command, the intelligent slider module located on the edge of the rotary drilling disc is controlled to extend radially; In response to a drilling rotary drilling operation command, the intelligent slider module is controlled to retract radially; At least one pair of the at least two pairs of second auxiliary cutting teeth is arranged on the intelligent slider module.