Cluster well continuous tubing operation tower and operation method

Abstract

The application discloses a cluster well continuous pipe operation tower and an operation method. The tower comprises a bottom fixed frame, a moving trolley, a blowout preventer pipe skid frame, an injection head skid frame, an injection head mounting platform and a hydraulic drive system. The injection head mounting platform comprises a mounting platform body, a horizontal adjusting hydraulic cylinder assembly, a hydraulic rotary gear and a driven gear. The hydraulic drive system is connected with the bottom fixed frame, the moving trolley, the blowout preventer pipe skid frame, the injection head skid frame, the horizontal adjusting hydraulic cylinder assembly and the hydraulic rotary gear respectively. The hydraulic drive system can drive the bottom fixed frame, the blowout preventer pipe skid frame and the injection head skid frame to lift, drive the moving trolley to move horizontally on the bottom fixed frame, drive the horizontal adjusting hydraulic cylinder assembly to move horizontally and drive the hydraulic rotary gear to rotate. The tower can realize quick translation and well change of the blowout preventer pipe skid frame and the injection head skid frame, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of petroleum equipment, and in particular to a cluster well coiled tubing operation tower and operation method. Background Technology

[0002] As oil and gas exploration and development shifts from conventional to unconventional methods and from shallow to deep and ultra-deep formations, downhole operations are becoming increasingly complex, with rising safety risks and growing challenges to engineering technology. Coiled tubing (CTB) equipment is playing a crucial role, and its safety requirements are becoming more stringent. During CTB operations, the injection head is supported at a certain height above the wellhead to connect the blowout preventer (BOP) system and the downhole tool string. From the injection head down, the components are: BOP box, BOP tubing, BOP, and wellhead valves. The support height of the injection head is influenced by factors such as the type of operation, the length of the tool string, and the height of the wellhead valves. With the increasing maturity of CTB equipment and operational technology, the support methods for the CTB injection head have expanded from conventional crane support to mast-type derrick support and CTB tower support.

[0003] Currently, coiled tubing operations are used throughout the development of shale gas cluster wells. However, due to the numerous procedures and overlapping operation types in shale gas development, wellhead heights vary and wellhead pipelines are complex. In addition, the limited space at shale gas well sites poses significant challenges to the structure, use, and operation methods of coiled tubing towers.

[0004] Currently, shale gas cluster well coiled tubing operations are characterized by heavy workload, multiple operational processes, long tool strings, and alternating operations of various processes in complex wells. During operations, downhole tools need to be changed multiple times, which in turn requires frequent disassembly and assembly of blowout preventer connectors and downhole tools directly below the injection head and blowout preventer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To enrich the product range of coiled tubing operation towers and increase the selection of coiled tubing operation methods, this invention provides a cluster well coiled tubing operation tower and operation method.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a cluster well coiled tubing operation tower, including a bottom fixed frame, a moving trolley, a blowout preventer skid, an injection head skid, an injection head mounting platform, and a hydraulic drive system;

[0007] The bottom mounting bracket can be installed above multiple wellheads of a cluster well;

[0008] The trolley is movably mounted on the bottom fixed frame;

[0009] The injection head skid, the blowout preventer skid, and the moving trolley are fixedly connected from top to bottom;

[0010] The injection head mounting platform includes a mounting platform body, a horizontal adjusting cylinder assembly, a hydraulic rotary gear, and a driven gear;

[0011] The mounting platform body is fixed to the top of the injection head skid and is used to mount the injection head;

[0012] The horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly is disposed on the side of the installation platform body and is used to horizontally adjust the installation platform body so that the injection head is aligned with the wellhead.

[0013] The driven gear is disposed between the mounting platform body and the injection head skid, and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting platform body;

[0014] The hydraulic rotary gear is mounted on the top of the injection head skid and is connected to the driven gear.

[0015] The hydraulic drive system is connected to the bottom fixed frame, the moving trolley, the blowout preventer skid, the injection head skid, the horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly, and the hydraulic rotary gear, respectively.

[0016] The hydraulic drive system can drive the bottom fixed frame, the blowout preventer skid and the injection head skid to rise and fall respectively, drive the motion trolley to move horizontally on the bottom fixed frame, drive the horizontal adjusting cylinder assembly to move horizontally, and drive the hydraulic rotary gear to rotate.

[0017] In one or more alternative embodiments, the bottom mounting frame includes a plurality of intermediate support frames, a plurality of intermediate connecting frames, and two end support frames;

[0018] The two end support frames are respectively disposed at both ends of the plurality of intermediate support frames;

[0019] Each of the intermediate connecting frames is connected to two adjacent intermediate support frames, or to adjacent end support frames and intermediate support frames respectively;

[0020] Each of the intermediate support frames is provided with multiple first hydraulic outriggers at its lower part;

[0021] Each of the aforementioned end support frames is provided with multiple second hydraulic outriggers at its lower part;

[0022] The multiple first hydraulic outriggers and the multiple second hydraulic outriggers are respectively connected to the hydraulic drive system, which can drive the first hydraulic outriggers and the second hydraulic outriggers to rise and fall.

[0023] In one or more alternative embodiments, each of the intermediate support frames is provided with a plurality of first mechanical legs at its lower part;

[0024] Each of the first mechanical outriggers is positioned next to the corresponding first hydraulic outrigger.

[0025] Each of the aforementioned end support frames is provided with multiple second mechanical legs at its lower part;

[0026] Each of the second mechanical outriggers is positioned next to the corresponding second hydraulic outrigger.

[0027] In one or more alternative embodiments, the bottom mounting frame further includes a first operating platform and a guide rail;

[0028] The first operating platform is disposed on top of the plurality of intermediate support frames, the plurality of intermediate connecting frames and the two end support frames;

[0029] The guide rail is disposed on the top of the plurality of intermediate support frames, the plurality of intermediate connecting frames and the two end support frames, and is located inside the corresponding first operating platform;

[0030] The trolley is movably mounted on the guide rail.

[0031] In one or more alternative embodiments, the trolley includes a frame and a plurality of hydraulic rollers disposed at the bottom of the frame;

[0032] The hydraulic roller is located on the guide rail;

[0033] The plurality of hydraulic rollers are connected to the hydraulic drive system, which is capable of driving the plurality of hydraulic rollers to roll on the guide rail.

[0034] In one or more alternative embodiments, the trolley further includes a plurality of hydraulic rail clamps;

[0035] Each of the hydraulic rail clamps is located on the side of the corresponding hydraulic roller;

[0036] The plurality of hydraulic rail clamps are connected to the hydraulic drive system, which is capable of driving the hydraulic rail clamps to clamp or release the guide rail.

[0037] In one or more alternative embodiments, the trolley further includes multiple anti-tilt mechanisms;

[0038] Each of the aforementioned anti-tilting mechanisms is disposed between the corresponding hydraulic roller and the hydraulic rail clamp;

[0039] The anti-tilt mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged anti-tilt baffles, which are located on both sides of the guide rail.

[0040] In one or more alternative embodiments, the blowout preventer skid includes a fixed frame and a plurality of lifting frames;

[0041] The fixed frame is fixedly installed on the top of the moving trolley;

[0042] The plurality of lifting frames and the fixed frame are movably connected from top to bottom;

[0043] The volume of the multiple lifting frames increases sequentially from top to bottom, so that the upper lifting frame can be accommodated in the lower lifting frame;

[0044] The lowest lifting frame can be accommodated within the fixed frame;

[0045] The hydraulic drive system can drive the multiple lifting frames to rise and fall respectively.

[0046] In one or more alternative embodiments, each of the lifting frames is provided with multiple hydraulic cylinders on its outer side;

[0047] The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic drive system, which can drive the hydraulic cylinder to rise or fall relative to the fixed frame or the corresponding lifting frame.

[0048] In one or more alternative embodiments, the fixed frame and each of the lifting frames are provided with a first mechanical locking mechanism.

[0049] In one or more alternative embodiments, the fixed frame and each of the lifting frames are provided with a folding operating platform and a multi-way straight ladder.

[0050] The foldable operating platform can be unfolded into the fixed frame or the corresponding lifting frame.

[0051] The multi-channel elevator is located on the side of the fixed frame and each of the lifting frames.

[0052] In one or more alternative embodiments, the injection head skid includes an outer frame and an inner frame;

[0053] The inner frame can be accommodated within the outer frame, and multiple lifting cylinders are provided on the outer side of the inner frame.

[0054] The lifting cylinder is connected to the hydraulic drive system, which can drive the lifting cylinder to rise and fall, thereby driving the inner frame to rise and fall.

[0055] The injection head mounting platform is fixed to the top of the inner frame.

[0056] In one or more alternative embodiments, the cluster well coiled tubing operation tower further includes a hydraulic winch;

[0057] The hydraulic winch is fixedly connected to the installation platform body;

[0058] The hydraulic winch is connected to the hydraulic drive system, which is capable of driving the hydraulic winch to move.

[0059] In one or more alternative embodiments, the cluster well coiled tubing operation tower further includes an electro-hydraulic control system;

[0060] The electro-hydraulic control system includes a display screen, a wireless remote controller, a control box, multiple first tilt sensors, second tilt sensors, and pin-type force sensors;

[0061] The control box is respectively signal-connected to the hydraulic drive system, the display screen, the wireless remote control, the multiple first tilt sensors, the second tilt sensors, and the pin-type force sensor;

[0062] The wireless remote controller can send control commands to the control box, and the control box can control the hydraulic drive system to operate according to the received control commands.

[0063] The plurality of first tilt sensors are disposed on the bottom mounting frame and are used to monitor the levelness of the bottom mounting frame;

[0064] The second tilt sensor is installed on the injection head skid and is used to monitor the tilt angle between the tower and the injection head;

[0065] The pin-type force sensor is installed at the bottom of the moving trolley and is used to monitor the load-bearing data of the bottom fixing frame;

[0066] The monitoring results of the plurality of first tilt sensors, second tilt sensors and the pin-type force sensor can be transmitted to the display screen for display.

[0067] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for operating coiled tubing in a cluster well, using the coiled tubing operation tower described in the first aspect, including:

[0068] The bottom fixing frame is erected above multiple wellheads of a cluster of wells;

[0069] The motion trolley is mounted on the bottom fixing frame;

[0070] Install the blowout preventer at the wellhead of the first well;

[0071] The injection head skid is fixedly connected to the blowout preventer skid on the ground.

[0072] The blowout preventer skid and the injection head skid are fixedly connected to the moving trolley as a whole;

[0073] The blowout preventer skid is raised to a preset height by a hydraulic drive system and then connected to the blowout preventer.

[0074] After the continuous tube is inserted into the injection head, the injection head, guide and blowout preventer assembly is installed on the injection head skid, and the hydraulic drive system drives the hydraulic rotary gear to rotate the driven gear, thereby rotating the injection head mounting platform to adjust the angle of the injection head;

[0075] The hydraulic drive system drives the injection head skid to rise and fall to a preset height, and drives the horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly to move horizontally so that the blowout preventer box can be smoothly connected to the blowout preventer pipe.

[0076] Disconnect the connection between the blowout preventer and the blowout preventer pipe, and drive the injection head skid and the horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly through the hydraulic drive system to make the blowout preventer pipe deviate from the wellhead;

[0077] After installing the downhole tools, reinstall the connector between the blowout preventer and the blowout preventer tubing to carry out coiled tubing operations.

[0078] After the first well is completed, disconnect the union connecting the blowout preventer and the wellhead valve.

[0079] The injection head skid is raised by the hydraulic drive system so that the blowout preventer is above the top of the bottom mounting frame;

[0080] The hydraulic drive system drives the trolley to move to the center above the next well, completing the translation and well replacement.

[0081] Repeat the operations of installing blowout preventers, inspecting or replacing downhole tools, and moving and switching wells until all wellheads of a cluster of wells have been worked on.

[0082] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0083] The coiled tubing gantry tower for cluster wells provided in this embodiment of the invention has a bottom fixed frame positioned above the cluster well. A moving trolley is mounted on the bottom fixed frame, and a blowout preventer (BOP) skid and an injection head skid are mounted on the moving trolley. By using hydraulically driven, lifting BOP and injection head skids, the tower can be quickly installed and retrieved. Compared to building frames layer by layer, this significantly improves installation and dismantling efficiency, while avoiding the need to fix and connect various frames at high points above the wellhead, greatly improving operational safety. The moving trolley can move the BOP and injection head skids. After completing the first well, the tower can be moved horizontally to the next well with the injection head, BOP box, BOP, BOP, and downhole tools without using a truck crane or avoiding various surface manifolds, achieving rapid well relocation and significantly improving operational efficiency.

[0084] The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower provided in this embodiment of the invention uses an injection head mounting platform to install and fix the injection head, and a hydraulic drive system to drive the horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly to move horizontally and drive the hydraulic rotary gear to rotate, thereby realizing the horizontal adjustment and automatic angle adjustment of the injection head, improving the operation efficiency.

[0085] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0086] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0087] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0088] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cluster well coiled tubing operation tower provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A;

[0090] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the bottom fixing frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bottom fixing frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the moving vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0093] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the moving vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the blowout preventer skid in the open state provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blowout preventer skid in the retracted state provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0096] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the injection head skid provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0097] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the injection head skid provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0098] Figure 11 The control principle diagram of the electro-hydraulic control system provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0099] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the hydraulic drive system is provided for embodiments of the present invention.

[0100] Figure label:

[0101] 100. Bottom fixing frame; 110. End support frame; 111. Second hydraulic outrigger; 112. Second mechanical outrigger; 120. Intermediate connecting frame; 130. Intermediate support frame; 131. First hydraulic outrigger; 132. First mechanical outrigger; 140. Guide rail; 150. Foldable guardrail; 160. First operating platform; 200. Moving trolley; 210. Chassis; 220. Hydraulic rollers; 230. Anti-tilting mechanism; 240. Hydraulic rail clamp; 300. Blowout preventer skid; 310. Fixing frame; 311. 320. Straight ladder; 330. Lifting frame; 340. Hydraulic cylinder; 400. First mechanical locking mechanism; 410. Injection head skid; 420. Outer frame; 430. Inner frame; 440. Lifting cylinder; 450. Second mechanical locking mechanism; 460. Hydraulic winch; 470. Injection head mounting platform; 480. Safety railing; 461. Top operating platform; 462. First horizontal adjusting cylinder; 463. Second horizontal adjusting cylinder; 464. Hydraulic rotary gear; 465. Driven gear; 466. Mounting platform body. Detailed Implementation

[0102] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0103] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "far," "near," "front," and "rear," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0104] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0105] The inventors discovered that current coiled tubing operations typically employ a truck crane to suspend the injection head and wellhead equipment above the wellhead. While this method offers advantages such as high mobility and quick, easy installation, it presents several safety hazards: ① Poor support stability: Under conditions of excessive wind load or large fluctuations in bottom hole pressure, the injection head and blowout preventer (BOP) can fluctuate excessively, affecting well control safety. ② Significant operational safety risks: Connecting the BOP and tools under a suspended load for extended periods poses a significant safety hazard. ③ High load on the wellhead: Most of the load is borne by the wellhead, which is detrimental to the long-term use of the wellhead equipment. ④ Lack of a work and maintenance platform and fixed installation, resulting in poor safety. Besides the truck crane method, mast-type derricks and mechanical tower supports can also be used for coiled tubing operations. The mast-type derrick is mainly supported by a two-legged derrick installed at the rear of a heavy-duty truck to support the injection head. It can achieve limited lifting and horizontal movement of the injection head, but its application range is narrow due to the limitations of the wellhead height, the distance from the wellhead, and the direction of the manifold around the wellhead.

[0106] This type of mechanical tower supports the injection head and wellhead equipment above the wellhead. The tower mainly consists of a bottom frame, multiple intermediate support frames, and a top frame. The injection head is installed on top of the top frame, and operators install and remove downhole tools and blowout preventers inside the tower. While this type of mechanical tower provides a degree of operational safety, its installation and dismantling time is long, it is only suitable for single-well operations, and its operational efficiency and economy are low.

[0107] Based on this, embodiments of the present invention provide a cluster well coiled tubing operation tower and operation method.

[0108] Example 1

[0109] This invention provides a cluster well coiled tubing operation tower, with reference to... Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, it includes a bottom mounting frame 100, a moving trolley 200, a blowout preventer skid 300, an injection head skid 400, an injection head mounting platform 460, and a hydraulic drive system (not shown in the figure).

[0110] The bottom fixing frame 100 can be set above multiple wellheads of the cluster well; the moving trolley 200 is movably set on the bottom fixing frame 100; the injection head skid 400, the blowout preventer skid 300 and the moving trolley 200 are fixedly connected from top to bottom.

[0111] The injection head mounting platform 460 includes a mounting platform body 465, a horizontal adjusting cylinder assembly, a hydraulic rotary gear 463, and a driven gear 464;

[0112] The mounting platform body 465 is fixed to the top of the injection head skid 400 for mounting the injection head;

[0113] The horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly is located on the side of the mounting platform body 465 and is used to horizontally adjust the mounting platform body 465 so that the injection head is aligned with the wellhead;

[0114] Driven gear 464 is disposed between mounting platform body 465 and injection head skid 400, and is fixedly connected to the bottom of mounting platform body 465;

[0115] A hydraulic rotary gear 463 is mounted on the top of the injection head skid 400 and is connected to the driven gear 464.

[0116] The hydraulic drive system is connected to the bottom fixed frame 100, the moving trolley 200, the blowout preventer skid 300, the injection head skid 400, the horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly and the hydraulic rotary gear 463 respectively.

[0117] The hydraulic drive system can drive the bottom fixed frame 100, the blowout preventer skid 300 and the injection head skid 400 to rise and fall respectively;

[0118] The hydraulic drive system can drive the trolley 200 to move horizontally on the bottom fixed frame 100;

[0119] The hydraulic drive system can drive the horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly to move horizontally, and drive the hydraulic rotary gear 463 to rotate.

[0120] In this embodiment of the invention, the cluster well coiled tubing operation tower also includes an electro-hydraulic control system (not shown in the figure). The electro-hydraulic control system can be wirelessly connected to the hydraulic drive system to control the operation of the hydraulic drive system, thereby enabling the hydraulic system to drive the bottom fixed frame 100, the moving trolley 200, the blowout preventer skid 300, the injection head skid 400, and the injection head mounting platform 460 to move according to actual needs.

[0121] Specifically, refer to Figure 11As shown, the electro-hydraulic control system may specifically include a display screen, a wireless remote controller, a control box, a wireless signal receiver, multiple first tilt sensors, second tilt sensors, and pin-type force sensors. The control box is connected to the hydraulic drive system, the display screen, the wireless signal receiver, the multiple first tilt sensors, the second tilt sensors, and the pin-type force sensors. The wireless remote controller can send control commands to the control box, which receives these commands via the wireless signal receiver and controls the hydraulic drive system accordingly. Multiple first tilt sensors are installed on the bottom mounting frame 100 to monitor its levelness. Second tilt sensors are installed on the injection head skid 400 to monitor the tilt angle between the tower and the injection head. Pin-type force sensors are installed on the moving trolley 200 to monitor the load-bearing data of the bottom mounting frame 100. The monitoring results from the multiple first tilt sensors, second tilt sensors, and pin-type force sensors are transmitted to the display screen for real-time monitoring of the levelness of the bottom mounting frame 100, the tilt angle between the injection head and the tower, and the tower load-bearing capacity.

[0122] In an optional implementation, a signal amplifier is also provided between the pin-type force sensor and the control box to ensure that the load data can be accurately transmitted to the control box.

[0123] In this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a guide rail 140 is laid on the upper part of the bottom fixing frame 100. During cluster well operations, the bottom fixing frame 100 is placed above each wellhead of the cluster well, the moving trolley 200 is placed on the guide rail 140, and the injection head is installed on the injection head mounting platform 460 on top of the injection head skid 400. According to the height of the wellhead valve and the requirements of the operation process, the lifting height of the bottom fixing frame 100, the blowout preventer skid 300, and the injection head skid 400 is adjusted by the hydraulic drive system to achieve rapid installation. The height of the bottom fixing frame 100 must be higher than the maximum height of the wellhead valve. At the same time, the moving trolley 200 is driven by the hydraulic drive system to move on the guide rail 140, thereby moving the blowout preventer skid 300, the injection head skid 400, the injection head, the blowout preventer box, the blowout preventer pipe, the blowout preventer, and the downhole tools to achieve rapid well replacement. In addition, the injection head can be lifted by driving the injection head skid 400, and the injection head can be horizontally adjusted and rotated by the injection head mounting platform 460 to center the injection head and rotate it to a preset angle.

[0124] In an optional embodiment, each corner of the injection head skid 400, the blowout preventer skid 300, and the trolley 200 is welded with a container corner fitting (not shown in the figure), and the three are quickly connected by an intermediate twist lock (not shown in the figure), which tightly connects the injection head skid 400, the blowout preventer skid 300, and the trolley 200 together to prevent relative movement and tilting during stacking.

[0125] In this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to Figures 1-9 As shown, the bottom mounting frame 100, blowout preventer skid 300, and injection head skid 400 occupy less space in the retracted state. The bottom mounting frame 100, blowout preventer skid 300, and injection head skid 400 can all be in the retracted state during transportation. In addition, the container corner fittings ensure convenience and stability during transportation and effectively protect the corners of the bottom mounting frame 100, blowout preventer skid 300, and injection head skid 400 from collisions and damage.

[0126] The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower provided in this embodiment of the invention refers to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bottom mounting frame 100 is positioned above the cluster well. A trolley 200 is mounted on the bottom mounting frame 100, and a blowout preventer (BOP) skid 300 and an injection head skid 400 are mounted on the trolley 200. The hydraulically driven lifting BOP skid 300 and injection head skid 400 enable rapid installation and retrieval of the tower, significantly improving installation and dismantling efficiency compared to layer-by-layer tower construction. The trolley 200 can move the BOP skid 300 and injection head skid 400. After completing the first well, the injection head, BOP, BOP, and downhole tools can be moved to the next well without using a truck crane and without having to navigate around various surface manifolds. This rapid movement of the BOP skid 300 and injection head skid 400 between wells greatly improves operational efficiency.

[0127] In this embodiment of the invention, the mounting platform body 465 of the injection head mounting platform 460 is used to mount the injection head. The horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly includes a first horizontal adjustment cylinder 461 and a second horizontal adjustment cylinder 462, which are respectively disposed on the side of the mounting platform body 465. The movement directions of the first horizontal adjustment cylinder 461 and the second horizontal adjustment cylinder 462 are perpendicular to each other. Through the first horizontal adjustment cylinder 461 and the second horizontal adjustment cylinder 462, the injection head can be adjusted in two directions along the X-axis (±400mm) and Y-axis (±1000mm) in the horizontal plane with the center of the injection head skid 400 as a reference, so as to center the wellhead. The hydraulic rotary gear 463 can drive the driven gear 464 to rotate under the action of hydraulic drive, so that the driven gear 464 drives the injection head mounting platform 460 and the injection head to rotate. When the injection head is not inserted into the continuous tube, it can rotate 360°.

[0128] In an optional implementation, the injection head mounting platform 460 also includes mounting columns adapted to injection heads of different sizes.

[0129] In an optional embodiment, the injection head mounting platform 460 further includes a third mechanical locking mechanism (not shown in the figure), which can perform "double locking" after the wellhead alignment is completed, namely hydraulic locking and mechanical locking, to ensure that the injection head mounting platform 460 will not shift, thereby improving the reliability of the injection head installation. The third mechanical locking mechanism includes, but is not limited to, a pin-type locking method. For details, please refer to the detailed description of mechanical locking in the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

[0130] The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower provided in this embodiment of the invention uses an injection head mounting platform 460 to install and fix the injection head, and uses a hydraulic drive system to drive the horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly to move horizontally, and to drive the hydraulic rotary gear 463 to rotate, thereby realizing the horizontal adjustment and automatic angle adjustment of the injection head, improving the operation efficiency.

[0131] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the bottom fixing frame 100 can be installed above a group of wells, including multiple intermediate support frames 130, multiple intermediate connecting frames 120, and two end support frames 110. The two end support frames 110 are respectively installed at both ends of the multiple intermediate support frames 130. Each intermediate connecting frame 120 connects two adjacent intermediate support frames 130, or connects adjacent end support frames 110 and intermediate support frames 130, thus connecting the end support frames 110 and the multiple intermediate support frames 130 into a single unit. The number of intermediate support frames 130 is determined according to the number of wellheads in a group of wells. Specifically, the two end support frames 110 are respectively installed at both ends of a group of wells, each intermediate support frame 130 is installed between two adjacent wellheads, and each intermediate connecting frame 120 is located above the corresponding wellhead. Therefore, the number of intermediate connecting frames 120 is the same as the number of wellheads in a group of wells, and the number of intermediate support frames 130 is one less than the number of wellheads in the group of wells.

[0132] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, each intermediate support frame 130 has multiple first hydraulic outriggers 131 at its lower part, and each end support frame 110 has multiple second hydraulic outriggers 111 at its lower part, to ensure sufficient space above and around the wellhead. For stable support, each intermediate support frame 130 has four first hydraulic outriggers 131, and each end support frame 110 has four second hydraulic outriggers 111. Furthermore, the multiple first hydraulic outriggers 131 and the multiple second hydraulic outriggers 111 are respectively connected to a hydraulic drive system, which can drive all the first hydraulic outriggers 131 and second hydraulic outriggers 111 to raise and lower, thereby achieving height adjustment of the bottom fixing frame 100.

[0133] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, each intermediate support frame 130 is further provided with multiple first mechanical legs 132 at its lower part, with each first mechanical leg 132 located next to a corresponding first hydraulic leg 131. The first mechanical leg 132 can rise and fall synchronously with the first hydraulic leg 131 under the drive of the first hydraulic leg 131. After the first hydraulic leg 131 rises and falls to the required height under the drive of the hydraulic drive system, the height of the first mechanical leg 132 can be finely adjusted using the adjusting screw at the lower part of the first mechanical leg 132 as needed, so that the height of the first mechanical leg 132 is exactly the same as the height of the first hydraulic leg 131, and then the height of the first mechanical leg 132 is locked to achieve mechanical locking.

[0134] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, each end support frame 110 is also equipped with multiple second mechanical legs 112 at its lower part, with each second mechanical leg 112 located next to a corresponding second hydraulic leg 111. The second mechanical leg 112 can rise and fall synchronously with the second hydraulic leg 111 under the drive of the second hydraulic leg 111. After the second hydraulic leg 111 rises and falls to the required height under the drive of the hydraulic drive system, the height of the second mechanical leg 112 can be finely adjusted using the adjusting screw at the lower part of the second mechanical leg 112 as needed, so that the height of the second mechanical leg 112 is exactly the same as the height of the second hydraulic leg 111, and then the height of the first mechanical leg 112 is locked to achieve mechanical locking.

[0135] Optionally, the first mechanical outrigger 132 may include a slide rail (not shown in the figure), a slide rod (not shown in the figure), and an adjusting screw (not shown in the figure). Multiple pin holes are longitudinally distributed on the slide rail and slide rod. Under gravity, the slide rod can move up and down relative to the slide rail with the first hydraulic outrigger 131. After reaching the designated position, inserting pins into the corresponding pin holes on the slide rail and slide rod restricts the slide rod from sliding down, thus achieving mechanical locking. Simultaneously, an adjusting screw is provided at the lower part of the slide rod, allowing for fine-tuning of the slide rod's height as needed to achieve the load-bearing effect of the first mechanical outrigger in contact with the ground. The structure of the second mechanical outrigger 112 is the same as that of the first mechanical outrigger 132; details that are repeated will not be described again.

[0136] In an optional embodiment, each end support frame 110 and each intermediate support frame 130 is equipped with at least one level (not shown in the figure) to visually display the horizontal status of each end support frame 110 and each intermediate support frame 130. Furthermore, each end support frame 110 and each intermediate support frame 130 has at least one first tilt sensor on both sides to monitor the levelness of the bottom fixing frame 100 in real time and feed back the real-time tilt angle data to the display screen, enabling structural monitoring and early warning, and improving the safety and reliability of the tower. The signal from each first tilt sensor can transmit the monitoring result to the control box in real time. The control box can control the raising and lowering of any first hydraulic outrigger 131 and / or any second hydraulic outrigger 111 based on the received monitoring results to adjust the height and overall levelness of the bottom fixing frame 100.

[0137] In this embodiment of the invention, the height of the bottom fixing frame 100 can be adjusted as a whole according to the height of the wellhead valve of the cluster well through the electro-hydraulic control system, and the height of each hydraulic outrigger can be adjusted individually according to the flatness of the ground through the electro-hydraulic control system, so that the height and level of the entire bottom fixing frame 100 meet the operational requirements. Not only can the height and level be adjusted at the beginning of the installation of the bottom fixing frame 100, but it can also effectively cope with situations such as ground subsidence during operation. The operation is convenient and greatly improves the convenience of height and level adjustment.

[0138] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a first operating platform 160 and a guide rail 140 are provided on the top of the bottom fixed frame 100. The first operating platform 160 is located on top of multiple intermediate support frames 130, multiple intermediate connecting frames 120, and two end support frames 110, facilitating worker operations. The first operating platform 160 is located on both sides of the top of the bottom fixed frame 100, leaving working space above the wellhead in the middle, and is surrounded by a foldable guardrail 150. The guide rail 140 is also located on top of multiple intermediate support frames 130, multiple intermediate connecting frames 120, and two end support frames 110, and is located inside the first operating platforms 160 on both sides. The trolley 200 is movably mounted on the guide rail 140, allowing the trolley 200 to move above the wellhead, that is, to move from above one wellhead to above another.

[0139] In an optional embodiment, a movable second operating platform (not shown in the figure) is also provided in the middle of the bottom fixing frame 100. The second operating platform can be erected at different heights in the middle of the bottom fixing frame 100 as needed, with a height adjustment range of 1.6m to 2m (the specific height is determined by the installation height of the wellhead valve). The bottom fixing frame 100 is also equipped with a retractable ladder that can reach the first operating platform 160 and the second operating platform.

[0140] The coiled tubing tower provided in this embodiment of the invention is designed to enable efficient development of shale gas cluster wells. It adopts an integrated operation concept, integrating the tower into all subsequent processes after drilling. That is, after the drilling rig leaves the well, the bottom fixing frame 100 is installed at each wellhead of the shale gas cluster well, replacing all the functions of the existing wellhead support frame. This facilitates the standardization of the wellhead pipeline in the initial state, preparing for subsequent coiled tubing operations and fracturing operations.

[0141] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the trolley 200 includes a frame 210 and multiple hydraulic rollers 220 disposed at the bottom of the frame 210. All hydraulic rollers 220 are located on a guide rail 140. The multiple hydraulic rollers 220 are connected to a hydraulic drive system. The electro-hydraulic control system controls the hydraulic drive system to drive the hydraulic rollers 220 to roll according to operational needs, so that the trolley 200 moves on the guide rail 140, thereby causing the blowout preventer skid 300, injection head skid 400, injection head mounting platform 460, injection head, and wellhead device on the trolley 200 to translate horizontally on the guide rail 140.

[0142] In this embodiment of the invention, when the trolley 200 is stationed above a wellhead for operation, it is necessary to ensure that the trolley 200 does not move, tilt, or overturn during the operation. Therefore, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the trolley 200 also includes multiple hydraulic rail clamps 240 disposed at the bottom of the frame 210. Each hydraulic rail clamp 240 is disposed to the side of a corresponding hydraulic roller 220, that is, on the front or rear side of the hydraulic roller 220. During operation while the trolley 200 is stationary at the target position, the hydraulic rail clamps 240 remain closed to clamp the guide rail 140, ensuring the stability of the trolley 200. When the trolley 200 needs to move to change wells, the hydraulic rail clamps 240 open, releasing the guide rail 140. The multiple hydraulic rail clamps 240 are connected to a hydraulic drive system. The electro-hydraulic control system controls the hydraulic drive system to drive the hydraulic rail clamps 240 to clamp or release the guide rail 140 according to operational needs. Furthermore, timely clamping of the guide rail 140 by the hydraulic rail clamps 240 enables braking of the trolley 200.

[0143] In an optional embodiment, to prevent the trolley 200 and the blowout preventer skid 300 and injection head skid 400 on the trolley 200 from tilting during movement, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the bottom of the frame 210 is also equipped with multiple anti-tilt mechanisms 230, each anti-tilt mechanism 230 being positioned between the corresponding hydraulic roller 220 and the hydraulic rail clamp 240. The anti-tilt mechanism 230 is a mechanical anti-tilt mechanism 230, comprising two symmetrically arranged anti-tilt baffles located on both sides of the guide rail 140 to prevent tilting and ensure the stability of the tower and the safety of continuous pipe operation.

[0144] In this embodiment, the number of hydraulic rollers 220 is set to four, and correspondingly, the number of hydraulic rail clamps 240 and anti-tilting mechanisms 230 is also four, to ensure the reliability of the moving trolley 200.

[0145] In an optional embodiment, a pin-type force sensor is mounted on the hydraulic roller 220 of the trolley 200, which can monitor the load data of the hydraulic roller 220 and the bottom fixing frame 100 in real time. The pin-type force sensor signal is connected to a signal amplifier, which can transmit the monitoring results to the control box in real time. When the preset load threshold is exceeded, the electro-hydraulic control system will issue a safety warning to remind the operator to take timely emergency measures and ensure the safety of continuous pipe operation.

[0146] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the blowout preventer skid 300 includes a fixed frame 310 and multiple lifting frames 320. The fixed frame 310 is fixedly mounted on the top of the trolley 200. The multiple lifting frames 320 and the fixed frame 310 are sequentially and movably connected from top to bottom. A hydraulic drive system can drive the multiple lifting frames 320 to rise and fall respectively. The volume of the multiple lifting frames 320 increases sequentially from top to bottom, so that the upper lifting frame 320 can be accommodated in the lower lifting frame 320, and the lowest lifting frame 320 can be accommodated in the fixed frame 310. Specifically, multiple hydraulic cylinders 330 are provided on the outer side of each lifting frame 320, for example, four hydraulic cylinders 330 are provided on the four corner sides. The hydraulic cylinders 330 are connected to the hydraulic drive system. The electro-hydraulic control system can control the hydraulic drive system to drive the hydraulic cylinders 330 to rise or fall relative to the fixed frame 310 or the corresponding lifting frame 320 according to the operation requirements. Optionally, the number of lifting frames 320 can be reasonably set according to actual needs. In this embodiment, there are three lifting frames 320 to accommodate different continuous pipe operation processes with a wide range of lifting height adjustment.

[0147] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, both the fixed frame 310 and each lifting frame 320 are equipped with a first mechanical locking mechanism 340. When the lifting position is reached, a "double locking" mechanism—both hydraulic and mechanical—can be applied to ensure the reliability of the blowout preventer skid 300. The first mechanical locking mechanism 340 can be implemented by providing pin holes and latches in multiple lifting frames 320 and the fixed frame 310. For details, please refer to the detailed descriptions of mechanical locking in the prior art; further elaboration is omitted here.

[0148] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, both the fixed frame 310 and each lifting frame 320 are equipped with a folding operating platform (not shown in the figure) and a multi-lane ladder 311. The folding operating platform can unfold into the fixed frame 310 or the corresponding lifting frame 320. The multi-lane ladder is located on the side of the fixed frame 310 and each lifting frame 320, facilitating the access of personnel and the installation and removal of blowout preventers and blowout preventer pipes. A rectangular channel hole is provided in the middle of the folding operating platform of the fixed frame 310 and each lifting frame 320 to facilitate the passage of wellhead devices such as blowout preventers and blowout preventer pipes.

[0149] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the injection head skid 400 includes an outer frame 410 and an inner frame 420. The inner frame 420 is accommodated within the outer frame 410, and multiple lifting cylinders 430 are arranged on the outer side of the inner frame 420, for example, one lifting cylinder 430 is arranged on each of the four corners. The multiple lifting cylinders 430 are connected to a hydraulic drive system, and the electro-hydraulic control system can control the hydraulic drive system to drive the lifting cylinders 430 to rise and fall according to the operational needs, thereby driving the inner frame 420 to rise and fall. The lifting force of the multiple lifting cylinders 430 is not less than 20t, and the maximum lifting stroke is not less than 1500mm to meet the needs of continuous tube operation. The injection head skid 400 is also provided with a second mechanical locking mechanism 440, with a corresponding total locking load capacity of not less than 20t. When the inner frame 420 is raised and lowered into position, "double locking" can be performed, namely hydraulic locking and mechanical locking. The second mechanical locking mechanism 440 has a similar structure to the first mechanical support leg 132 in the bottom fixing frame 100, and can achieve stepless height adjustment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0150] In this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the injection head mounting platform 460 is fixed to the top of the inner frame 420.

[0151] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the injection head skid 400 also includes a top operating platform 480 located on top of the inner frame 420. The top operating platform 480 has a rectangular channel opening in the center. Foldable, flip-up pedals (not shown) are provided on the inner sides of both the inner frame 420 and the outer frame 410 to expand the channel opening, facilitating the passage of the blowout preventer and allowing personnel to move in and out of the injection head skid 400. The top operating platform 480 allows operators to easily assemble, disassemble, and connect the blowout preventer box and blowout preventer, and replace the blowout preventer cartridge, at different heights during operation.

[0152] In an optional embodiment, the injection head skid 400 further includes four ground anchor rope lugs (not shown) and four injection head rope lugs (not shown) disposed on the top of the inner frame 420. During operation, ropes must be secured between the injection head and the injection head skid 400, and ropes must be secured between the tower and the ground anchors. In addition, a deployable safety guardrail 470 is provided around the top perimeter of the inner frame 420.

[0153] In an optional embodiment, a second tilt sensor is installed on the top of the injection head skid 400 to monitor the tilt angle between the tower and the injection head in real time. The second tilt sensor signal is connected to the control box. When the second tilt sensor detects that the tilt angle between the tower and the injection head exceeds a preset threshold, the electro-hydraulic control system will issue an alarm so that the operator can take timely emergency measures to ensure the safety of continuous tubing operations.

[0154] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the cluster well coiled tubing work platform also includes a hydraulic winch 450. The hydraulic winch 450 is fixedly connected to the installation platform body 465 and can move with the installation platform body 465. The hydraulic winch 450 is connected to a hydraulic drive system, and the electro-hydraulic control system can control the hydraulic drive system to drive the hydraulic winch 450 to raise and lower the wire rope according to the operational needs, so as to hoist downhole tools and facilitate the connection of downhole tools.

[0155] In an optional implementation, the cluster well coiled tubing tower also includes auxiliary facilities. These facilities include pads (not shown) at the bottom of each leg of the bottom support frame 100 to ensure the stability of the tower during operation. Additionally, each ladder is equipped with a differential fall arrestor (not shown) at the top to ensure the safety of personnel climbing the ladders.

[0156] In this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to Figure 12As shown, the hydraulic drive system may specifically include a hydraulic oil tank, a motor, a hydraulic pump, multiple sets of four-way electrically controlled multi-way valves, a first five-way electrically controlled multi-way valve, a three-way electrically controlled multi-way valve, a second five-way electrically controlled multi-way valve, multiple sets of first hydraulic lock speed control valve groups, multiple sets of second hydraulic lock speed control valve groups, a third hydraulic lock speed control valve group, and multiple hydraulic locks. The hydraulic pump is connected to both the hydraulic oil tank and the motor, and under the drive of the motor, it pumps hydraulic oil from the tank to the required pipelines. The hydraulic pump is connected to multiple sets of four-way electrically controlled multi-way valves, first five-way electrically controlled multi-way valves, three-way electrically controlled multi-way valves, and second five-way electrically controlled multi-way valves. Multiple sets of four-way electrically controlled valves are connected one-to-one with multiple sets of first hydraulic lock speed control valve groups. Each set of hydraulic lock speed control valve groups is connected to four first hydraulic outriggers 131 or second hydraulic outriggers 111 of an end support frame 110 or an intermediate support frame 130. A first five-way electrically controlled valve is connected to four hydraulic rollers 220 (i.e., hydraulic motors connected to the hydraulic rollers 220) and four hydraulic rail clamps 240 (i.e., hydraulic cylinders connected to the hydraulic rail clamps 240). Each hydraulic lock is positioned between the five-way electrically controlled valve and each hydraulic rail clamp 240. A three-way valve... The electronically controlled multi-way valve is connected to the second hydraulic lock speed control valve group, and the second hydraulic lock speed control valve group is connected to three sets of hydraulic cylinders 330 on the three lifting frames 320 respectively; the second five-circuit multi-control valve is connected to multiple lifting cylinders 430, hydraulic rotary gear 463 (i.e., the hydraulic motor connected to the hydraulic rotary gear 463), first horizontal adjusting cylinder 461, second horizontal adjusting cylinder 462 and hydraulic winch 450 (i.e., the hydraulic motor connected to the hydraulic winch 450), and the third hydraulic lock speed control valve group is located between the second five-circuit multi-control valve and the multiple lifting cylinders 430.

[0157] In this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to Figure 12 As shown, the number of four-way electrically controlled valves corresponds to the total number of end support frames 110 and intermediate support frames 130. That is, if the number of wellheads in a cluster well is n, the number of four-way electrically controlled valves is (n+1).

[0158] In this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to Figure 12 As shown, the first hydraulic outrigger 131 or the second hydraulic outrigger 111 is hydraulically locked by the first hydraulic lock speed control valve group; the hydraulic rail clamp 240 is hydraulically locked by the hydraulic lock; the hydraulic cylinder 330 on the lifting frame 320 is hydraulically locked by the second hydraulic lock speed control valve group; and the lifting cylinder 430 on the inner frame 420 is hydraulically locked by the third hydraulic lock speed control valve group.

[0159] It should be noted that the first hydraulic outrigger 131, the first mechanical outrigger 132, the second hydraulic outrigger 111, the second mechanical outrigger 112, the hydraulic cylinder 330 of the lifting frame 320, the lifting cylinder 430 of the inner frame 420, and the second mechanical locking mechanism 440 are all stepless lifting adjustable. With the hydraulic locking function, they can precisely adjust the overall height of the tower to meet the needs of continuous pipe operation.

[0160] In this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to Figure 11 As shown, multiple sets of four-way electrically controlled multi-way valves, the first five-way electrically controlled multi-way valve, the three-way electrically controlled multi-way valve, and the second five-way electrically controlled multi-way valve are respectively connected to the control box of the electro-hydraulic control system. This enables the electro-hydraulic control system to control the hydraulic drive system to drive the actions of all hydraulic cylinders 330, lifting cylinders 430, hydraulic rollers 220, the first horizontal adjusting cylinder 461, the second horizontal adjusting cylinder 462, the hydraulic rotary gear 463, the hydraulic rail clamp 240, and the hydraulic winch 450.

[0161] In an optional implementation, the lifting of the injection head skid 400, the horizontal adjustment of the injection head mounting platform 460 in all directions, and the rotation control can all be controlled manually by hydraulics. Operators can operate the hydraulic control switch nearby inside the injection head skid 400, which facilitates timely mechanical locking after the operation is completed.

[0162] In an optional implementation, quick connectors are used at both ends of the quick-connect panel of the hydraulic drive system to make the hydraulic pipeline layout aesthetically pleasing and reasonable, and to enable quick assembly and disassembly.

[0163] In an optional implementation, all components of the electro-hydraulic control system and the hydraulic drive system are made of materials suitable for flammable and explosive environments. For example, the wireless remote controller is an explosion-proof wireless remote controller to ensure operational safety.

[0164] In this embodiment of the invention, an explosion-proof electric hydraulic station is composed of a hydraulic oil tank, a motor, and a hydraulic pump. This explosion-proof electric hydraulic station is an independent electric hydraulic station, mainly used to provide hydraulic power. All hydraulic connection pipelines between the explosion-proof electric hydraulic station and the bottom fixed frame 100 can be connected by quick couplings, and it is equipped with a well site power cable reel and a hydraulic pipeline reel. The explosion-proof electric hydraulic station meets the explosion-proof requirements of GB3836 standard.

[0165] In this embodiment of the invention, the control box is placed on the liftable bottom mounting frame 100 for installing the controller and wireless signal receiver, etc. All cables pass through the control box. The wireless signal receiver is used to receive signals from the wireless remote controller. The wireless signal receiver transmits the signals to the controller. The controller transmits the signals to each electrically controlled multi-way valve of the hydraulic drive system through the cables, controlling each electrically controlled multi-way valve to realize the action of each hydraulic cylinder and each hydraulic motor, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the wireless remote control bottom mounting frame 100, the blowout preventer skid 300 and the injection head skid 400, the movement of the trolley 200, the closing of the hydraulic rail clamp 240 after the trolley 200 moves into place, and the horizontal movement and rotation of the injection head mounting platform 460.

[0166] In an optional implementation, the monitoring results of the first tilt sensor, the second tilt sensor, and the pin-type force sensor can be transmitted in real time to the electro-hydraulic control system and displayed on the display screen of the electro-hydraulic control system. By combining the monitoring results of the first tilt sensor, the second tilt sensor, and the pin-type force sensor, the levelness of the bottom fixing frame 100, the tilt angle between the tower and the injection head, and the load-bearing capacity of the bottom fixing frame 100 can be monitored and coordinated with the electro-hydraulic control system of the automated continuous pipe laying machine to achieve automatic emergency response, further improving the safety of continuous pipe operations.

[0167] In this embodiment of the invention, the specific process of using a cluster well coiled tubing operation tower for coiled tubing operations may include:

[0168] After the drilling rig leaves the well and before the wellhead valves are installed, the bottom fixing frame 100 is installed at each wellhead of the cluster well for wellhead valve connection and operation, which facilitates the standardization of the wellhead pipeline in the initial state and prepares for subsequent coiled tubing operations and fracturing operations.

[0169] When continuous pipe work is required, the remaining tower components are installed using a crane before the work begins:

[0170] The trolley 200 is mounted on the bottom mounting bracket 100 at the wellhead of the cluster well.

[0171] Install a blowout preventer at the wellhead;

[0172] On the ground, the injection head skid 400 is quickly and securely installed onto the blowout preventer skid using a center torsion lock. The blowout preventer skid 300 and the injection head skid 400 are then quickly and securely installed together onto the moving trolley 200 using the same center torsion lock.

[0173] The electro-hydraulic control system controls the hydraulic drive system to drive the blowout preventer skid 300 to rise layer by layer to the target height and then mechanically lock it. During the raising process, a blowout preventer is connected for each layer, thus completing the connection of the blowout preventers.

[0174] After the continuous pipe is inserted into the injection head on the ground, the injection head, guide, and blowout preventer assembly can be installed on the injection head mounting platform 460 on top of the injection head skid 400 using columns and pins. The electro-hydraulic control system controls the hydraulic drive system to drive the injection head mounting platform 460 to rotate at a preset angle, ensuring that the center of the injection head and guide is basically aligned with the center of the drum. Then, by driving the injection head skid 400 to rise and the injection head mounting platform 460 to move horizontally, the connection between the blowout preventer and the blowout preventer pipe is completed. At this point, the tower installation work is completed.

[0175] Next, install the downhole tools:

[0176] After disconnecting the blowout preventer from the blowout preventer connector, use the injection head skid 400 to lift the injection head, blowout preventer box and blowout preventer as a whole.

[0177] The horizontal adjustment injection head mounting platform 460 is used to keep the blowout preventer off the wellhead but still inside the tower, so that personnel can connect downhole tools inside the tower;

[0178] By using a coiled tubing workover rig to lower the coiled tubing to the blowout preventer, it can be connected to downhole tools;

[0179] After the downhole tools are connected and tested, the downhole tools are pulled back into the blowout preventer.

[0180] After the horizontal adjustment of the injection head installation platform 460 to the centering wellhead, the injection head, blowout preventer box and blowout preventer pipe are lowered as a whole by lowering the injection head skid 400 to complete the docking of the blowout preventer pipe with the blowout preventer. At this point, the installation of the downhole tools is completed. After the injection head skid 400 is double-locked, the coiled tubing operation can begin.

[0181] After completing the work on the first well, if it is necessary to move to the next wellhead for work, the specific process may include:

[0182] After completing the first well, the downhole tools can be inspected and replaced, and the above operations can be repeated.

[0183] When it is necessary to move to the second well for operation, disconnect the union between the blowout preventer and the wellhead valve, and lift the injection head, blowout preventer box, blowout preventer pipe and downhole tools above the bottom fixing frame 100 by raising the injection head skid 400.

[0184] Open each hydraulic rail clamp 240 of the moving trolley 200, and control the moving trolley 200 to slowly move to the top of the center of the second well. During the movement, adjust the back pressure of the roller to keep the continuous tubing in a relaxed state. After moving into place, close the hydraulic rail clamp 240 to fix the moving trolley 200. At this point, the translation and well replacement is completed.

[0185] Repeat the above wellhead alignment operation to complete the wellhead alignment. Then, by lowering the injection head skid 400, lower the injection head, blowout preventer box, blowout preventer pipe, blowout preventer and downhole tools as a whole to complete the connection between the blowout preventer and the wellhead valve, and the second well operation can begin.

[0186] The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower provided in this embodiment of the invention adopts a hydraulic and mechanical combined structure and an electro-hydraulic automated control method. By sequentially connecting the bottom fixing frame 100, the moving trolley 200, the bottom fixing frame 100, and the hydraulic drive system, the tower is raised to the target height, realizing rapid installation and disassembly. The moving trolley 200 is driven by the hydraulic drive system to move, solving the problem of automatic translation of the cluster well coiled tubing operation tower and the problem of rapid well switching during operation, and greatly improving the operation efficiency.

[0187] The coiled tubing operation tower provided in this invention eliminates the need for prolonged use of a truck crane, effectively reducing operating costs. Specifically, assuming one set of coiled tubing equipment operates 20 platforms per year (6 cluster wells per platform) for drilling and grinding soluble bridge plugs in shale gas cluster wells, the current average drilling and grinding time for one well is 56 hours, meaning approximately 56 hours are spent using a crane. Drilling and grinding one platform requires approximately 318 hours of crane usage, resulting in a saving of approximately 6360 hours of crane usage time per year.

[0188] The coiled tubing installation tower provided in this embodiment of the invention achieves real-time monitoring and over-tilt protection of the bottom fixed frame 100 by installing a first tilt sensor on the bottom fixed frame 100, as well as real-time monitoring and overload protection of the load on the bottom fixed frame 100. A second tilt sensor is installed on the top of the injection head skid 400 to achieve real-time monitoring and over-tilt protection of the tower's tilt angle relative to the injection head. Combined with the automated coiled tubing installation machine's electro-hydraulic control system, automatic emergency response is achieved, further improving operational safety performance.

[0189] Example 2

[0190] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a method for operating coiled tubing in a cluster well, using the coiled tubing operation tower of Embodiment 1, including:

[0191] The bottom fixing frame 100 is installed above multiple wellheads of a cluster of wells;

[0192] The motion cart 200 is mounted on the bottom mounting frame 100;

[0193] Install the blowout preventer at the wellhead of the first well;

[0194] The injection head skid 400 is fixedly connected to the blowout preventer skid 300 on the ground.

[0195] The blowout preventer skid 300 and the injection head skid 400 are fixedly connected to the motion trolley 200 as a whole;

[0196] The blowout preventer skid 300 is raised to a preset height by a hydraulic drive system and then connected to the blowout preventer.

[0197] After the continuous tube is inserted into the injection head, the injection head, guide and blowout preventer assembly is installed on the injection head skid 400. The hydraulic drive system drives the hydraulic rotary gear 463 to drive the driven gear 464 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the injection head mounting platform 460 to adjust the angle of the injection head.

[0198] The injection head skid 400 is raised and lowered to a preset height by a hydraulic drive system, and the horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly is moved horizontally to ensure that the blowout preventer box and the blowout preventer tube are smoothly connected.

[0199] Disconnect the connection between the blowout preventer and the blowout preventer pipe, and drive the injection head skid 400 and the horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly through the hydraulic drive system to make the blowout preventer pipe deviate from the wellhead;

[0200] After installing the downhole tools, reinstall the connector between the blowout preventer and the blowout preventer tubing to carry out coiled tubing operations.

[0201] After the first well is completed, disconnect the union connecting the blowout preventer and the wellhead valve.

[0202] The injection head skid 400 is raised by a hydraulic drive system so that the blowout preventer is above the top of the bottom mounting frame 100;

[0203] The hydraulic drive system drives the trolley 200 to move to the center above the next well, completing the translation and well replacement.

[0204] Repeat the operations of installing blowout preventers, inspecting or replacing downhole tools, and moving and switching wells until all wellheads of a cluster of wells have been worked on.

[0205] In this embodiment of the invention, the cluster well coiled tubing operation method corresponds to the cluster well coiled tubing operation tower described in Embodiment 1. The specific implementation process of this method can refer to the process of using the cluster well coiled tubing operation tower for coiled tubing operation in Embodiment 1. Where there are repetitions, they will not be repeated.

[0206] The cluster well coiled tubing operation method provided in this invention proposes an overall operation concept for shale gas cluster wells, integrating the use of the cluster well coiled tubing operation tower into all subsequent processes after drilling, forming a set of operation methods suitable for the efficient and safe development of shale gas cluster wells and the use of coiled tubing operation towers.

[0207] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. This disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the invention fall within the scope of the claims of the invention and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A cluster well coiled tubing operation tower, characterized in that, This includes the bottom mounting frame, the moving trolley, the blowout preventer skid, the injection head skid, the injection head mounting platform, and the hydraulic drive system; The bottom mounting bracket can be installed above multiple wellheads of a cluster well; The trolley is movably mounted on the bottom fixed frame; The injection head skid, the blowout preventer skid, and the moving trolley are fixedly connected from top to bottom; The injection head mounting platform includes a mounting platform body, a horizontal adjusting cylinder assembly, a hydraulic rotary gear, and a driven gear; The mounting platform body is fixed to the top of the injection head skid and is used to mount the injection head; The horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly is disposed on the side of the installation platform body and is used to horizontally adjust the installation platform body so that the injection head is aligned with the wellhead. The driven gear is disposed between the mounting platform body and the injection head skid, and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting platform body; The hydraulic rotary gear is mounted on the top of the injection head skid and is connected to the driven gear. The hydraulic drive system is connected to the bottom fixed frame, the moving trolley, the blowout preventer skid, the injection head skid, the horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly, and the hydraulic rotary gear, respectively. The hydraulic drive system can drive the bottom fixed frame, the blowout preventer skid and the injection head skid to rise and fall respectively, drive the motion trolley to move horizontally on the bottom fixed frame, drive the horizontal adjusting cylinder assembly to move horizontally, and drive the hydraulic rotary gear to rotate.

2. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom fixing frame includes multiple intermediate support frames, multiple intermediate connecting frames, and two end support frames; The two end support frames are respectively disposed at both ends of the plurality of intermediate support frames; Each of the intermediate connecting frames is connected to two adjacent intermediate support frames, or to adjacent end support frames and intermediate support frames respectively; Each of the intermediate support frames is provided with multiple first hydraulic outriggers at its lower part; Each of the aforementioned end support frames is provided with multiple second hydraulic outriggers at its lower part; The multiple first hydraulic outriggers and the multiple second hydraulic outriggers are respectively connected to the hydraulic drive system, which can drive the first hydraulic outriggers and the second hydraulic outriggers to rise and fall.

3. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the intermediate support frames is provided with multiple first mechanical legs at its lower part; Each of the first mechanical outriggers is positioned next to the corresponding first hydraulic outrigger. Each of the aforementioned end support frames is provided with multiple second mechanical legs at its lower part; Each of the second mechanical outriggers is positioned next to the corresponding second hydraulic outrigger.

4. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom mounting frame also includes a first operating platform and a guide rail; The first operating platform is disposed on top of the plurality of intermediate support frames, the plurality of intermediate connecting frames and the two end support frames; The guide rail is disposed on the top of the plurality of intermediate support frames, the plurality of intermediate connecting frames and the two end support frames, and is located inside the corresponding first operating platform; The trolley is movably mounted on the guide rail.

5. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 4, characterized in that, The moving trolley includes a frame and a plurality of hydraulic rollers disposed at the bottom of the frame; The hydraulic roller is located on the guide rail; The plurality of hydraulic rollers are connected to the hydraulic drive system, which is capable of driving the plurality of hydraulic rollers to roll on the guide rail.

6. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 5, characterized in that, The trolley also includes multiple hydraulic rail clamps; Each of the hydraulic rail clamps is located on the side of the corresponding hydraulic roller; The plurality of hydraulic rail clamps are connected to the hydraulic drive system, which can drive the hydraulic rail clamps to clamp or release the guide rail.

7. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 6, characterized in that, The trolley also includes multiple anti-tilt mechanisms; Each of the aforementioned anti-tilting mechanisms is disposed between the corresponding hydraulic roller and the hydraulic rail clamp; The anti-tilt mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged anti-tilt baffles, which are located on both sides of the guide rail.

8. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blowout preventer skid includes a fixed frame and multiple lifting frames; The fixed frame is fixedly installed on the top of the moving trolley; The plurality of lifting frames and the fixed frame are movably connected from top to bottom; The volume of the multiple lifting frames increases sequentially from top to bottom, so that the upper lifting frame can be accommodated in the lower lifting frame; The lowest lifting frame can be accommodated within the fixed frame; The hydraulic drive system can drive the multiple lifting frames to rise and fall respectively.

9. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned lifting frames is equipped with multiple hydraulic cylinders on its outer side; The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic drive system, which can drive the hydraulic cylinder to rise or fall relative to the fixed frame or the corresponding lifting frame.

10. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fixed frame and each of the lifting frames are provided with a first mechanical locking mechanism.

11. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fixed frame and each of the lifting frames are equipped with a folding operating platform and multiple straight ladders; The foldable operating platform can be unfolded into the fixed frame or the corresponding lifting frame. The multi-channel elevator is located on the side of the fixed frame and each of the lifting frames.

12. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The injection head skid includes an outer frame and an inner frame; The inner frame can be accommodated within the outer frame, and multiple lifting cylinders are provided on the outer side of the inner frame. The lifting cylinder is connected to the hydraulic drive system, which can drive the lifting cylinder to rise and fall, thereby driving the inner frame to rise and fall. The injection head mounting platform is fixed to the top of the inner frame.

13. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 12, characterized in that, It also includes hydraulic winches; The hydraulic winch is fixedly connected to the installation platform body; The hydraulic winch is connected to the hydraulic drive system, which is capable of driving the hydraulic winch to move.

14. The cluster well coiled tubing operation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes electro-hydraulic control systems; The electro-hydraulic control system includes a display screen, a wireless remote controller, a control box, multiple first tilt sensors, second tilt sensors, and pin-type force sensors; The control box is respectively signal-connected to the hydraulic drive system, the display screen, the wireless remote control, the multiple first tilt sensors, the second tilt sensors, and the pin-type force sensor; The wireless remote controller can send control commands to the control box, and the control box can control the hydraulic drive system to operate according to the received control commands. The plurality of first tilt sensors are disposed on the bottom mounting frame and are used to monitor the levelness of the bottom mounting frame; The second tilt sensor is installed on the injection head skid and is used to monitor the tilt angle between the tower and the injection head; The pin-type force sensor is installed on the moving trolley and is used to monitor the load-bearing data of the bottom fixed frame; The monitoring results of the plurality of first tilt sensors, second tilt sensors and the pin-type force sensor can be transmitted to the display screen for display.

15. A method for operating coiled tubing in a cluster well, using the coiled tubing operation tower as described in any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, include: The bottom fixing frame is erected above multiple wellheads of a cluster of wells; The motion trolley is mounted on the bottom fixing frame; Install the blowout preventer at the wellhead of the first well; The injection head skid is fixedly connected to the blowout preventer skid on the ground. The blowout preventer skid and the injection head skid are fixedly connected to the moving trolley as a whole; The blowout preventer skid is raised to a preset height by a hydraulic drive system and then connected to the blowout preventer. After the continuous tube is inserted into the injection head, the injection head, guide and blowout preventer assembly is installed on the injection head skid, and the hydraulic drive system drives the hydraulic rotary gear to rotate the driven gear, thereby rotating the injection head mounting platform to adjust the angle of the injection head; The hydraulic drive system drives the injection head skid to rise and fall to a preset height, and drives the horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly to move horizontally so that the blowout preventer box can be smoothly connected to the blowout preventer pipe. Disconnect the connection between the blowout preventer and the blowout preventer pipe, and drive the injection head skid and the horizontal adjustment cylinder assembly through the hydraulic drive system to make the blowout preventer pipe deviate from the wellhead; After installing the downhole tools, reinstall the connector between the blowout preventer and the blowout preventer tubing to carry out coiled tubing operations. After the first well is completed, disconnect the union connecting the blowout preventer and the wellhead valve. The injection head skid is raised by the hydraulic drive system so that the blowout preventer is above the top of the bottom mounting frame; The hydraulic drive system drives the trolley to move to the center above the next well, completing the translation and well replacement. Repeat the operations of installing blowout preventers, inspecting or replacing downhole tools, and moving and switching wells until all wellheads of a cluster of wells have been worked on.

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