Integrated sensing and communication current detection method, device and system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of quantum sensing and smart grid monitoring, in particular to a current detection method and device integrating sensing and communication and a current detection system; the method is applied to a control module in a current detection system, and the method comprises the following steps: in response to triggering of a sensing mode, a light excitation and detection module is controlled to apply excitation laser to an NV color center probe, and an antenna module is controlled to apply a microwave signal to the NV color center probe; a fluorescence intensity signal is acquired; according to the fluorescence intensity signal, the frequency of the microwave signal and the positional relationship between the NV color center probe and a to-be-detected transmission line, an induced magnetic field signal of an environmental magnetic field is determined, and a target current value in the to-be-detected transmission line is determined according to the induced magnetic field signal; in response to triggering of a communication mode, detection information containing the target current value is generated, and the antenna module is controlled to send the detection information. The scheme of the application can reduce the power consumption of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of quantum sensing and smart grid monitoring technology, and in particular to a current detection method, device and current detection system that integrates sensing and communication. Background Technology

[0002] Ultra-high voltage (UHV) and extra-high voltage (UHV) AC / DC power grids are core components of the modern energy internet. The operational status of these grids directly impacts the safety and stability of the entire power system. Accurate, timely, and non-invasive measurement of current in high-voltage transmission lines and related equipment is fundamental to achieving grid status awareness, fault early warning, and intelligent dispatch.

[0003] To address the strong electromagnetic field environment present in ultra-high voltage and extra-high voltage transmission lines, related technologies employ non-contact measurement using quantum current sensing systems based on diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers. The structure of this NV-center-based quantum current sensing system involves a microwave excitation module applying microwaves to the NV-center probe, and an optical excitation and detection module projecting a laser of a specific wavelength onto the probe. Under the influence of microwaves and lasers, the NV-centers fluoresce. Utilizing the principle of optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR), the Zeeman splitting of the NV-center spin levels by an external magnetic field is measured. By monitoring the change in fluorescence intensity with microwave frequency using the optical excitation and detection module, the strength of the external magnetic field can be determined. Based on the measured magnetic field strength, the current within the transmission line under test can be deduced.

[0004] However, in related technologies, the microwave excitation system used to microwave excite the NV color center probe, and the wireless communication system for communicating with the outside, are each equipped with an antenna array; the antennas of both the microwave excitation system and the wireless communication system operate in real time, resulting in high power consumption.

[0005] Therefore, how to reduce the power consumption of NV color core current sensing systems to meet the requirements of passive deployment is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a current detection method, device, and current detection system that integrates sensing and communication to reduce the power consumption of NV color core current sensing systems and adapt to the requirements of passive deployment, in order to address the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides an integrated sensing and communication current detection method, applied to a control module in a current detection system. The current detection system includes the control module, an optical excitation and detection module, an NV color center probe, an antenna module, and a power supply module. The method includes:

[0008] In response to the triggering of the sensing mode, the optical excitation and detection module is controlled to apply an excitation laser to the NV color center probe, and the antenna module is controlled to apply a microwave signal to the NV color center probe.

[0009] Acquire fluorescence intensity signal, which is obtained by the optical excitation and detection module detecting the fluorescence generated by the NV color center probe;

[0010] Based on the fluorescence intensity signal, the frequency of the microwave signal, and the positional relationship between the NV color center probe and the transmission line under test, the induced magnetic field signal of the ambient magnetic field is determined, and the target current value in the transmission line under test is determined based on the induced magnetic field signal; the ambient magnetic field includes the magnetic field under test generated by the transmission line under test.

[0011] In response to the triggering of the communication mode, detection information containing the target current value is generated, and the antenna module is controlled to transmit the detection information.

[0012] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0013] Within each time frame, the perception mode and the communication mode are triggered sequentially according to the duration allocation strategy; the duration allocation strategy includes the respective duration occupied by the perception mode and the communication mode within the time frame.

[0014] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0015] The duration of the perception mode within the time frame is determined as a first duration, and the duration of the communication mode within the time frame is determined as a second duration; the sum of the first duration and the second duration is the duration of the time frame, and both the first duration and the second duration are fixed durations; or,

[0016] Based on the target current values ​​corresponding to the last Y consecutive time frames, the current change rate is determined, and based on the current change rate, the duration allocation strategy is determined.

[0017] In one embodiment, determining the duration allocation strategy based on the current change rate includes:

[0018] When the rate of change of current is less than the fluctuation threshold, the occupancy duration corresponding to the sensing mode is determined to be the third duration, and the occupancy duration corresponding to the communication mode is determined to be the fourth duration; the third duration is greater than the fourth duration.

[0019] When the rate of change of current is greater than or equal to the fluctuation threshold, the occupancy duration corresponding to the communication mode is determined to be the fifth duration, and the occupancy duration corresponding to the sensing mode is determined to be the sixth duration; the fifth duration is greater than or equal to the sixth duration.

[0020] In one embodiment, the current detection system further includes a calibration coil, and the step of determining the target current value in the transmission line under test based on the induced magnetic field signal includes:

[0021] In response to the triggering of the sensing mode, a reference signal is generated and output to the calibration coil, the reference signal instructing the calibration coil to apply a reference magnetic field to the NV color center probe;

[0022] The actual magnetic field signal is extracted from the induced magnetic field signal, and the actual magnetic field signal characterizes the magnetic field strength of the calibration coil actually acting on the NV color center;

[0023] The calibration parameters are determined based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field.

[0024] The initial current value is determined based on the induced magnetic field signal, and the initial current value is calibrated based on the calibration parameters to obtain the target current value in the transmission line under test.

[0025] In one embodiment, determining the calibration parameters based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field includes:

[0026] The actual magnetic field signal is compared with the excitation threshold, and the excitation of the NV color center probe by the calibration coil is determined based on the comparison result.

[0027] When the comparison results sufficiently characterize the excitation, the calibration parameters are determined based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field.

[0028] In one embodiment, determining the calibration parameters based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field includes:

[0029] Based on the actual magnetic field signal, determine the actual current signal within the calibration coil;

[0030] The calibration error signal is determined based on the actual current signal and the reference magnetic field;

[0031] The calibration algorithm is used to iterate the calibration error signal and the calibration parameters corresponding to the previous time frame, and the calibration parameters of the current time frame are obtained after the calibration algorithm converges.

[0032] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0033] When the target current value is determined to exceed the danger threshold, an emergency communication command is generated; the emergency communication command is used to instruct switching to the communication mode.

[0034] Secondly, this application also provides a current detection device, which is applied to the control module of a current detection system. The current detection system includes the control module, an optical excitation and detection module, an NV color center probe, an antenna module, and a power supply module. The device includes a sensing component, a signal acquisition component, an analysis component, and a communication component, wherein:

[0035] The sensing component is used to control the optical excitation and detection module to apply an excitation laser to the NV color center probe in response to the triggering of the sensing mode, and to control the antenna module to apply a microwave signal to the NV color center probe.

[0036] The signal acquisition component is used to acquire a fluorescence intensity signal, which is obtained by the optical excitation and detection module detecting the fluorescence generated by the NV color center probe.

[0037] The analysis component is used to determine the induced magnetic field signal of the ambient magnetic field based on the fluorescence intensity signal, the frequency of the microwave signal, and the positional relationship between the NV color center probe and the transmission line under test, and to determine the target current value in the transmission line under test based on the induced magnetic field signal; the ambient magnetic field includes the magnetic field generated by the transmission line under test.

[0038] The communication component is used to generate detection information containing the target current value in response to the triggering of the communication mode, and to control the antenna module to send the detection information.

[0039] Thirdly, this application also provides a current detection system, which includes a control module, an optical excitation and detection module, an NV color center probe, an antenna module, and a power supply module, wherein:

[0040] The control module is used to control the antenna module to switch between sensing mode and communication mode;

[0041] In the sensing mode, the optical excitation and detection module is used to apply an excitation laser to the NV color center probe, the antenna module is used to apply a microwave signal to the NV color center probe, and the optical excitation and detection module is also used to detect the fluorescence generated by the NV color center probe, obtain a fluorescence intensity signal, and send the fluorescence intensity signal to the control module.

[0042] In communication mode, the control module is used to generate a detection signal and control the antenna module to send the detection signal; the detection signal includes the target current value in the line under test determined based on the fluorescence intensity signal; the ambient magnetic field includes the magnetic field under test generated by the transmission line under test;

[0043] The control module includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the sensing and communication integrated current detection method described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0044] The aforementioned integrated current detection method, device, and system for sensing and communication features a current detection system with only one antenna module. A control module sequentially controls the current detection system to enter the sensing module and the communication module. In sensing mode, the antenna module, controlled by the control module, applies a microwave signal to the NV color center to participate in the excitation of the NV color center probe by the excitation laser, enabling the NV color center probe to generate fluorescence under the influence of the ambient magnetic field. The control module determines the induced magnetic field signal, representing the intensity of the ambient magnetic field's influence on the NV color center probe, based on the fluorescence intensity signal measured by the optical excitation and detection module. Furthermore, it infers the target current value in the transmission line under test based on the relationship between magnetic field strength and current. The control module further controls the current detection system to enter the communication mode. At this time, the antenna module no longer applies microwave signals to the NV color center probe, but is controlled by the control module and sends out the detection signal containing the target current value generated by the control module. That is to say, current detection and external signal transmission can be achieved through a single antenna module. Compared with the related technology that requires two independent antenna modules to realize current detection and communication respectively, the integrated sensing and communication current detection method provided in this application can reduce the power consumption of the current detection system and reduce the size of the entire system, thereby enabling the current detection system of this application to be better deployed passively. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the current detection system in one embodiment;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an integrated sensing and communication current detection method in one embodiment;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the communication objects in a sensing mode and a communication mode in one embodiment;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ODMR contrast curve in one embodiment;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the error calibration process in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 6 Here is a logic diagram of the error calibration process in one embodiment;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a duration allocation strategy in one embodiment;

[0053] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a current detection device in one embodiment;

[0054] Figure 9 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application can be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first element from the second element. The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in this application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The term "multiple" used in this application refers to two or more. The term "and / or" used in this application refers to one of the embodiments, or any combination of multiple embodiments.

[0057] The integrated sensing and communication current detection method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 1 The current detection system shown includes a control module, an optical excitation and detection module, an NV color center probe, an antenna module, and a power supply module. The control module is used to control the antenna module to switch between sensing mode and communication mode.

[0058] In sensing mode, the optical excitation and detection module is used to apply an excitation laser to the NV color center probe, the antenna module is used to apply a microwave signal to the NV color center probe, and the optical excitation and detection module is also used to detect the fluorescence generated by the NV color center probe, obtain the fluorescence intensity signal, and send the fluorescence intensity signal to the control module; the control module is also used to determine the target current value in the circuit to be detected based on the fluorescence intensity signal.

[0059] In communication mode, the control module is used to generate a detection signal containing the target current value and control the antenna module to send the detection signal.

[0060] In related technologies, current detection systems employ two antennas: one for applying microwave signals to the NV color center (sensing mode) and the other for transmitting signals externally (communication mode). In contrast, the current detection system provided in this application uses only one antenna module. By controlling the module, the antenna module switches between sensing and communication modes, thus achieving both current detection in the transmission line under test and signal transmission. Therefore, compared to related technologies, the current detection system in this application reduces the power consumption of at least one antenna module, making it more suitable for passive deployment.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the optical excitation and detection module and the NV color center probe can be deactivated in the communication mode, thereby further reducing the overall system energy consumption.

[0062] In one embodiment, the current detection system further includes a power management module that supports at least three power extraction methods: the first method utilizes the voltage drop principle in the transmission circuit under test; the second method extracts power through a lithium-ion supercapacitor energy storage array; and the third method extracts power through an ultra-wide-range current transformer (CT). The power management module provides a stable operating voltage for the remaining modules in the current detection system.

[0063] In one embodiment, the current detection system may further include a calibration coil controlled by a control module to apply a reference magnetic field to the NV color center probe to calibrate the target current value to be detected, thereby obtaining a more accurate target current value in the transmission line under test.

[0064] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, an integrated current detection method combining sensing and communication is provided, which can be applied to... Figure 1 The control module of the current detection system is described, including the following steps 10-40, wherein:

[0065] Step 10: In response to the triggering of the sensing mode, control the optical excitation and detection module to apply an excitation laser to the NV color center probe, and control the antenna module to apply a microwave signal to the NV color center probe.

[0066] In this embodiment of the application, time is divided into multiple consecutive time frames; the current detection system triggers the sensing mode and the communication mode sequentially according to the duration allocation strategy in each time frame; the duration allocation strategy represents the duration occupied by the sensing mode and the communication mode respectively in the time frame; wherein, the duration allocation strategy can be fixed or dynamically adjusted.

[0067] In the sensing mode, the current detection system measures the current in the transmission line under test, and the optical excitation and detection module and the antenna module are working. The optical excitation and detection module is used to apply green laser light as excitation laser to the NV color center probe. When the antenna module is working, a microwave signal is applied to the NV color center probe.

[0068] Step 20: Acquire fluorescence intensity signal.

[0069] In this embodiment, the NV color center probe is excited by an excitation laser, and simultaneously subjected to microwaves applied by the antenna module and an ambient magnetic field, generating fluorescence. The ambient magnetic field includes the magnetic field generated by the transmission line under test and the magnetic field applied by the calibration coil. The fluorescence intensity signal is obtained by the optical excitation and detection module detecting the fluorescence generated by the NV color center probe. The optical excitation and detection module feeds back the detected fluorescence intensity signal to the control module for processing.

[0070] Step 30: Based on the fluorescence intensity signal, the frequency of the microwave signal, the magnetic resonance spectrum, and the positional relationship between the NV color center probe and the transmission line under test, determine the induced magnetic field signal of the ambient magnetic field, and determine the target current value in the transmission line under test based on the induced magnetic field signal; the magnetic field under test is the magnetic field generated by the transmission line under test.

[0071] In this embodiment, the magnetic resonance spectrum characterizes the relationship between the intensity of fluorescence generated by the NV color center probe and the frequency of the applied microwave signal under excitation by an excitation laser, in the absence of a test magnetic field. The magnetic resonance spectrum can be pre-measured and pre-stored in the control module, supporting its recall by the control module. The NV color center probe is pre-set at a fixed position around the transmission line under test; therefore, the positional relationship between the NV color center and the transmission line under test can be pre-set, including but not limited to the set axial angle and axial vertical distance.

[0072] The frequency of the microwave signal applied by the antenna module to the NV color center is controlled by the control module. Therefore, the control module can know the frequency of the microwave signal generated by the antenna module. The fluorescence intensity signal, characterized by fluorescence intensity, is related to the ambient magnetic field of the NV color center probe. Therefore, when the control module receives the fluorescence intensity signal, it can determine the induced magnetic field signal of the ambient magnetic field based on the fluorescence intensity signal, the frequency of the microwave signal, the magnetic resonance spectrum, and the positional relationship between the NV color center probe and the transmission line under test. The induced magnetic field signal characterizes the magnetic field strength of the ambient magnetic field acting on the NV color center probe. Then, based on the relationship between magnetic field strength and current, a current value is obtained by inversion. Since there is also an actual magnetic field applied to the NV color center probe by the calibration coil in the ambient magnetic field, the obtained current value is corrected based on the actual magnetic field applied to the NV color center probe by the calibration coil to obtain the target current value characterizing the current in the transmission line under test.

[0073] Step 40: In response to the triggering of the communication mode, generate detection information containing the target current value and control the antenna module to send the detection information.

[0074] In this embodiment, upon obtaining the target current value, the control module generates detection information, including the target current value, detection time (time frame), power management module's energy extraction method, and the operating status of each module. Then, when the communication mode is triggered, the control module controls the antenna module to send the detection information to the target object through an agreed transmission protocol. The target object can be a base station or other preset communication receiving devices; this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0075] In the aforementioned integrated sensing and communication current detection method, the current detection system is equipped with only one antenna module. The control module sequentially controls the current detection system to enter the sensing module and the communication module. In sensing mode, the antenna module, controlled by the control module, applies a microwave signal to the NV color center to participate in the excitation of the NV color center probe by the excitation laser, enabling the NV color center probe to generate fluorescence under the influence of the ambient magnetic field. The control module determines the induced magnetic field signal of the influence of the ambient magnetic field on the NV color center probe based on the fluorescence intensity signal measured by the optical excitation and detection module, and then inversely derives the target current value in the transmission line under test based on the relationship between magnetic field strength and current. The control module then proceeds to... The current detection system enters communication mode in one step. At this time, the antenna module no longer applies microwave signals to the NV color center probe, but is controlled by the control module and sends out the detection signal containing the target current value generated by the control module. In other words, current detection and external signal transmission can be achieved through a single antenna module. Compared with related technologies that require two independent antenna modules to realize current detection and communication respectively, the integrated sensing and communication current detection method provided in this application can reduce the power consumption of the current detection system and reduce the size of the entire system, thereby enabling the current detection system of this application to be better deployed passively.

[0076] Before explaining the method control logic of this application, the following content details the working principle of each module in the current detection system.

[0077] The power management module integrates three power harvesting methods: DC differential voltage harvesting, ultra-wide range current transformer (CT) power harvesting, and lithium-ion supercapacitor power harvesting.

[0078] The first energy extraction method is DC voltage difference energy extraction. Based on the line voltage drop principle of high-voltage DC transmission lines (the transmission line under test), an equivalent low-voltage high-current model of the transmission line is established. The equivalent internal resistance of the transmission line under test is assumed to be... The transmission current is The collectable pressure drop can then be expressed by formula (1):

[0079] , formula (1);

[0080] Through an ultra-high gain boost converter Boost the voltage to the usable voltage of the current sensing system. Voltage gain of boost converter Satisfying formula (2):

[0081] , formula (2).

[0082] The second energy harvesting method: ultra-wide range CT energy harvesting, the current transformer energy harvesting circuit is designed with an operating range of... In the low-current range, a high-permeability iron core and a low turns ratio design ensure reliable power extraction. In the high-current range, a magnetic saturation limiting circuit prevents overvoltage damage. The CT output power... The requirements of formula (3) must be met:

[0083] , formula (3);

[0084] in For CT energy harvesting efficiency, Turns ratio, This is the equivalent load resistance; This refers to the number of turns of the receiving coil connected to the power management module side. This refers to the number of turns of the transmitting coil on the external functional side.

[0085] The third energy extraction method: integrated management of three energy sources. The energy management module adopts a "take-use-storage" strategy, connecting the other energy extraction methods to a multi-stage lithium-ion supercapacitor energy storage array. Through a hybrid voltage regulation topology combining pulse width modulation switches and low dropout regulators, a stable multi-channel power supply is output to power the other modules: the operating voltage of the microwave RF link. Operating voltage of the optical excitation module The power supply voltage of the control module This ensures that all modules of the system operate stably within the working voltage range of 1.2V to 15V.

[0086] For the quantum state initialization process of the optical excitation and detection module and the NV color center probe:

[0087] The optical excitation and detection module consists of a GaN-based green laser source (center wavelength) It consists of a laser noise suppression unit, a microlens array, and a photodetector (PD); the optical excitation and detection module is used to drive the NV color center probe to complete the periodic initialization of the quantum state and fluorescence detection.

[0088] Laser pump power control: laser output power Stabilize at the set value through a simulated feedback loop. The laser noise suppression unit, based on double-layer stacked grating interferometric differential detection, suppresses relative intensity noise (RIN) to the target level. Its differential suppression gain Satisfies formula (4);

[0089] Formula (4); where, The signal power (optical power) at the differential detection output. This refers to the signal power at the output of a single-channel detection.

[0090] NV center quantum state initialization: The NV center ensemble is optically pumped by a pulse sequence-driven green laser to initialize the NV center spin states to... Ground state; initialization duration It usually satisfies formula (5);

[0091] Formula (5); where, The longitudinal relaxation time of the NV color center (typical value) ).

[0092] Fluorescence detection: After being excited by microwave resonance, the NV color center emits red fluorescence at 637nm~800nm, which is collected by a large-area silicon-based photodetector (effective photosensitive area ≥3mm×3mm) in the optical excitation and detection module. The fluorescence intensity signal is converted into a digital signal (fluorescence intensity signal) by a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and transmitted to the control module for ODMR (Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance) signal processing.

[0093] Construction of a phased array antenna (antenna module) integrating sensing and communication: Utilizing an N-element linear or planar phased array antenna, each antenna element... ( It is equipped with an independent digital phase shifter φᵢ and a variable gain amplifier. The control module writes control words in real time through a serial bus to control the working module of the antenna module and the type of signal transmitted.

[0094] The antenna module is capable of operating in the ODMR microwave frequency range of the NV color center of the diamond ensemble. This enables the use of variable frequency microwave signals for NV color center probes, while also ensuring compatibility with wireless data communication frequency bands. This is for external communication. Specifically, in sensing mode, the antenna module outputs a frequency of... A variable microwave signal is applied to the NV color center probe; while in communication mode, the antenna module transmits a frequency of... Microwave communication between them.

[0095] Array manifold vector: Assume that the N-element antenna array in the antenna module is uniformly distributed along the x-axis, and the element spacing is... ( For the wavelength corresponding to the highest operating frequency, then for the far-field azimuth angle... The target at the location, array steering vector This can be expressed by formula (6):

[0096] , formula (6);

[0097] λmin is the azimuth angle of the far-field target (base station) relative to the normal direction of the antenna array; λmin is the wavelength corresponding to the highest operating frequency; λ is the wavelength corresponding to the current communication operating frequency; vector The i-th component represents the phase lead of the i-th array element relative to the reference array element (the 1st array element), which is determined by the geometric delay difference.

[0098] Near-field propagation model: for probes located at the NV color center The NV color center, the near-field distance between each antenna element and the NV color center. This can be expressed by formula (7):

[0099] ri is the spatial distance from the i-th antenna element to the NV color center probe position; These are the coordinates of each array element; These are the coordinates of the NV color center probe; where formula (7) represents the calculated value of the Euclidean distance.

[0100] Near-field channel vector The Each component is represented by formula (8):

[0101] Formula (8); where, It is the imaginary unit.

[0102] like Figure 3 The diagram shows the communication objects of the antenna module in the sensing mode and the communication mode of the system; where N is shown as 5, that is, the antenna module has 5 antenna elements.

[0103] The above describes the working principle of each module. The following content further explains the current measurement principle in the sensing mode in steps 10-30, and the control method of the control module on the antenna module in the communication mode in step 40.

[0104] In perception mode: the control module calculates the near-field beamforming weight vector. The system controls the N array elements in each antenna module to transmit microwave signals based on the calculated near-field beamforming weight vector, and precisely focuses the phased array microwave energy (microwave signal) onto the NV color center probe position. To achieve efficient ODMR excitation.

[0105] In step 10, the control module calculates the near-field focusing beamforming weight vector to maximize the excitation power at the NV color center probe using the maximum specific emission (MRT) criterion. The near-field beamforming weight vector... This can be expressed by formula (9):

[0106] Formula (9); where Near-field channel vector . conjugate.

[0107] Transmitted signals of each element in the antenna module It can be represented by formula (10);

[0108] , formula (10);

[0109] , representing the sequence number of the array element; Characterizes the instantaneous intensity of the microwave signal emitted by the i-th array element; Let be the complex weight of the i-th array element; It is the envelope of the ODMR swept baseband signal; Therefore is the complex carrier frequency; Re represents the extracted real part of the signal.

[0110] In sensing mode, the ASIC microwave modulation module in the control module outputs... Centered, sweep bandwidth The frequency-modulated microwave signal covering all resonant branches of the NV color center is continuously focused on the NV color center probe through the antenna module, preventing energy from dissipating to non-target areas, thereby significantly improving the excitation signal-to-noise ratio.

[0111] Specifically, It is the center frequency (unit: GHz) of the ODMR excitation microwave, taken near the zero-field splitting frequency of the NV color center (D0≈2.870GHz). Since there may be a shift due to the Zeeman effect caused by the external current magnetic field, it is necessary to cover all the resonant branches of the NV color center.

[0112] In step 10, the signal power of the excitation laser output by the optical excitation and detection module... Stabilize at the set value through a simulated feedback loop. And the center wavelength of the output excitation laser The green laser source.

[0113] Furthermore, in step 20, the optical excitation and detection module detects the fluorescence excited by the NV color center probe.

[0114] Synthetic excitation field strength at the NV color center probe: The amplitude of the synthetic microwave magnetic field at the NV color center probe when the microwave signal output from the antenna module is applied to the NV color center probe for near-field focusing. Satisfies formula (11);

[0115] , formula (11);

[0116] in This represents the total transmit power of the phased array. For system impedance, express The conjugate transpose of the antenna. In this embodiment, since there are N array elements, the focusing gain is improved compared to the single-element antenna scheme. This multiplier (ideally) significantly enhances the microwave excitation field strength at the NV color center probe, effectively improving ODMR contrast and magnetic field measurement sensitivity.

[0117] Focusing Gain It can be expressed by formula (12):

[0118] , formula (12);

[0119] Since the NV center is an atomic-level defect in diamond, its electron spin energy levels are extremely sensitive to magnetic fields; that is, an external magnetic field will change its energy level spacing, a phenomenon known as the Zeeman effect. By applying microwaves that match the energy level spacing of the NV center and exciting it with an excitation laser, the intensity of the fluorescence excited by the NV center exhibits a characteristic decrease. In step 20, the optical excitation and detection module continuously detects the fluorescence excited by the NV center, forming an ODMR spectrum during the detection process as a fluorescence intensity signal. The microwave frequency corresponding to the "trough" of the fluorescence intensity decrease is the resonance frequency of the NV center, which has a direct linear relationship with the magnetic field strength of the external ambient magnetic field; this is the principle of determining the induced magnetic field signal based on the fluorescence intensity signal of the NV center.

[0120] In step 30, the control module performs real-time digital processing on the fluorescence intensity signal collected by the optical excitation and detection module, and obtains high-precision current measurement values ​​through ODMR spectral fitting and magnetic field / current inversion.

[0121] Fluorescence intensity signal acquisition and normalization: [The text abruptly ends here, likely due to an incomplete sentence or a formatting error.] The response curve to microwave frequency f is defined as the ODMR spectrum, and the spectral lines are normalized; the normalization process is shown in formula (13):

[0122] , formula (13);

[0123] in The reference fluorescence intensity is located far from the resonant frequency. This is the normalized ODMR contrast curve, whose maximum value occurs at the resonant frequency of each NV color center. Place. It is an abbreviation for resonance. and - represents the ODMR resonance frequencies corresponding to the spin levels ms=+1 and ms=−1 of the NV color center, respectively, i.e., the microwave frequency applied to the NV color center is equal to... At this time, the NV color center undergoes spin flipping, and the fluorescence intensity reaches a minimum.

[0124] Zeeman splitting and magnetic field inversion: in the external environmental magnetic field Under the influence of the NV color center spin Zeeman splitting occurs in the energy level, with a splitting frequency difference. Satisfying formula (14):

[0125] , formula (14);

[0126] in, The gyromagnetic ratio of the NV color center, This represents the projection component of the external environmental magnetic field along the NV color center axis. Based on this, the principle of axial magnetic field component inversion is expressed by formula (15);

[0127] , formula (15).

[0128] like Figure 4 As shown, A schematic diagram in the ODMR contrast curve.

[0129] For a diamond ensemble NV color center with four equivalent crystal axis directions, the complete vector of the external environmental magnetic field in three-dimensional space can be obtained by inverting the four sets of resonance frequency pairs based on formula (15). .

[0130] Temperature compensation: Zero-field splitting frequency of NV color centers With ambient temperature The temperature changes with the signal, therefore a temperature correction term is introduced in the signal processing process. The temperature correction term is expressed by formula (16):

[0131] , formula (16);

[0132] in , For temperature coefficient, This is a reference temperature.

[0133] Temperature correction process: Formula (17) is derived from formula (14);

[0134] , formula (17).

[0135] in, For temperature The relevant zero-field splitting frequency. Temperature correction can be achieved by combining formulas (16) and (17), thereby obtaining the induced magnetic field signal. ; Induced magnetic field signal The magnetic field strength of the external environmental magnetic field acting on the NV color center probe is characterized. A dual-channel frequency difference decoupling technique is used to eliminate temperature drift by utilizing the frequency difference between the two sets of ODMRs, ensuring that the accuracy of the corrected magnetic field inversion is unaffected by temperature changes.

[0136] Current reconstruction: Based on Ampere's law, the three-dimensional magnetic field vector obtained from the inversion... By combining the geometric positional relationship between the NV color center probe and the transmission line under test, the measured current is solved using a cooperative error balancing non-invasive inversion algorithm. The process of solving for the current to be measured is expressed by formula (18):

[0137] , formula (18);

[0138] in, The vertical distance between the center of the NV color center probe and the axis of the transmission line under test is denoted as . The permeability of free space, The magnitude of the magnetic field in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the transmission line under test. is the unit vector in the direction of the axis of the transmission line under test.

[0139] The current to be measured obtained here This is not the actual target current value in the transmission line under test; because the current detection system of this application also includes a calibration coil, the current under test is not the actual target current value. The target current value can only be obtained after an error calibration process is performed.

[0140] The following section further elaborates on the error calibration process for current calculations using a calibration coil.

[0141] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the process of determining the target current value in the circuit under test based on the induced magnetic field signal (error calibration process) may specifically include steps 31-34, wherein:

[0142] Step 31: In response to the triggering of the sensing mode, a reference signal is generated and output to the calibration coil. The reference signal instructs the driving calibration coil to apply a reference magnetic field to the NV color center probe.

[0143] Specifically, when the current detection system switches to sensing mode, the control module generates a reference signal and outputs it to the calibration coil to instruct the calibration coil to apply a reference magnetic field to the NV color center probe. However, the actual magnetic field strength of the reference magnetic field generated by the calibration coil acting on the NV color center probe needs to be detected in real time.

[0144] The frequency of the reference magnetic field generated by the calibration coil is... ,and Far from the fundamental frequency of the current in the transmission line under test and its harmonic frequencies, i.e. The standard reference magnetic field generated by the calibration coil is known to be... .

[0145] Injection of heterogeneous reference signal: The projected component of the reference magnetic field generated by the calibration coil at the NV color center probe is ,in The known coupling coefficient is determined based on the geometry of the calibration coil and the relative position between it and the NV color center probe.

[0146] Step 32: Extract the actual magnetic field signal from the induced magnetic field signal. The actual magnetic field signal characterizes the magnetic field strength of the calibration coil actually acting on the NV color center.

[0147] Specifically, the control module processes the induced magnetic field signal obtained from ODMR inversion. Perform Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) to separate in the frequency domain Frequency components (corresponding to the magnetic field of the current under test generated by the transmission line under test) and Frequency components (referencing the actual magnetic field signal acting on the NV color center); the frequency domain separation process is represented by formulas (19) and (20):

[0148] , formula (19);

[0149] , formula (20);

[0150] in, This refers to the reference magnetic field generated by the calibration coil extracted from the induced magnetic field signal, which is the actual magnetic field signal acting on the NV color center probe. This is the current time frame.

[0151] Step 33: Determine the calibration parameters based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field.

[0152] Specifically, the actual magnetic field signal is compared with the excitation threshold. A comparison is made, and the sufficiency of the excitation of the NV color center probe by the calibration coil is determined based on the comparison result. If the comparison result indicates that the excitation is sufficient, the calibration parameters are determined based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field. If the comparison result indicates that the excitation is insufficient, the target current value determined in the previous time frame is directly used as the target current value in the current time frame; or, if the comparison result indicates that the excitation is insufficient, the calibration error signal in the previous time frame is used as the calibration parameter in the current time frame.

[0153] Furthermore, based on the actual magnetic field signal, the actual current signal inside the calibration coil is determined; based on the actual current signal and the reference magnetic field, the calibration error signal in the current time frame is determined; using the calibration algorithm, the calibration error signal and the calibration parameters corresponding to the previous time frame are iterated, and after the calibration algorithm converges, the calibration parameters of the current time frame are obtained.

[0154] Gain and bias parameter estimation: Define the gain parameters of the current detection system within the current time frame. and bias parameters Then the system outputs the sensing value (current to be measured). (and the actual target current value in the transmission line under test) The relationship between them satisfies formula (21):

[0155] , formula (21);

[0156] in, For the current time frame, the calibration parameters for the current time frame include... and ; These are the gain parameters of the current detection system. These are bias parameters;

[0157] Using actual magnetic field signals By reverse calculation, the actual current signal input to the calibration coil within the current time frame is determined. From formula (22), we can obtain:

[0158] Formula (22); where, The permeability of free space, To calibrate the distance between the coil and the NV color center probe; The known coupling coefficient is determined by the geometry of the calibration coil and the relative position of the sensing probe.

[0159] Further, the standard reference magnetic field generated by the calibration coil is determined according to formula (23). At that time, the corresponding reference current (reference signal) in the calibration coil;

[0160] Formula (23); where, The standard reference magnetic field generated for calibrating the coil.

[0161] Using the reference current, the actual current signal, and the calibration parameters corresponding to the previous time frame, the calibration error signal for the current time frame is constructed. ;in, This can be expressed by formula (24):

[0162] , formula (24);

[0163] in, This is the parameter vector for the current time frame. This refers to the gain parameter of the previous time frame. This is the offset parameter of the previous time frame.

[0164] Specifically, the calibration algorithm is a parameter recursive least squares algorithm; with Driving parameter recursive least squares (RLS) update, parameter vector The update rules are expressed as shown in formulas (25), (26) and (27):

[0165] , formula (25);

[0166] , formula (26);

[0167] , formula (27);

[0168] in, , Forgetting factor, It is the covariance matrix; These are the column vectors in the variance matrix. It is a row vector in the variance matrix.

[0169] The parameter vector is solved using the above formulas (22)-(27). The parameter vector can be obtained when the parameter recursive least squares (RLS) converges. and determine the gain parameters. and bias parameters .

[0170] Step 34: Determine the initial current value based on the induced magnetic field signal, and calibrate the initial current value based on the calibration parameters to obtain the target current value in the circuit under test.

[0171] Specifically, the actual target current value in the transmission line under test is determined according to formula (21). ; ;in, Indicates the current time frame.

[0172] By setting up the calibration coil and performing error calibration during the current value calculation process, the current detection system in this embodiment can achieve continuous online compensation for gain drift and bias drift without relying on an external precision current source, thereby maintaining measurement accuracy over a long period of time.

[0173] The above describes the process of determining the actual target current value in the transmission line under test in a communication mode, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 The figure shows the complete process of obtaining the target current value by performing error correction based on the reference magnetic field and the induced magnetic field signal.

[0174] The following section further elaborates on the process of transmitting detection information in the communication mode of the current detection system in step 40.

[0175] In the communication mode, the control module switches the phased array antenna module to the far-field beamforming state and transmits the detection information, which includes the calibrated target current value, to the base station or host computer with a known azimuth angle θ_BS, thereby achieving low-latency and strong anti-interference wireless transmission.

[0176] Far-field beamforming weight vector calculation: in the communication frequency band Below, in the direction of the base station To achieve the target, the beamforming weight vector is calculated using formula (28). ;

[0177] , formula (28);

[0178] in, This is the array steering vector in the direction of the base station; correspondingly, the transmitted signal of each antenna element in each antenna module. It can be expressed by formula (29):

[0179] , formula (29);

[0180] in, The baseband signal containing detection information is encoded and modulated; Re represents the real part of the extracted signal. Let be the complex weight of the i-th array element.

[0181] Directional gain and sidelobe suppression: Chebyshev weighted window pair Weighting is applied to form the main lobe gain in the target direction, which can be expressed by formula (30):

[0182] , formula (30);

[0183] N represents the directional gain of the main lobe of the antenna module in the communication mode, denoted by N; N represents the total number of array elements in the phased array antenna module. The term represents the ideal array gain resulting from the coherent superposition of N array elements in the far field; The Chebyshev weighted loss term represents the suppression of the sidelobe level to ≤−25dB. Applying Chebyshev window weighting to the amplitude of each array element sacrifices a certain amount of main lobe gain compared to uniform excitation. This loss is called Gtaper.

[0184] Low-latency transmission protocol: The communication module adopts an ultra-short data frame structure based on Wireless Internet of Industrial Automation (WIA). The detection information transmitted within each time frame carries the target current value, timestamp, and status identifier (representing the energy harvesting method) detected in the current frame. The frame length is ≤128 bytes, with point-to-point single-hop transmission latency. Satisfies formula (31);

[0185] , formula (31);

[0186] During communication, the sidelobe level (SLL) is suppressed to SLL≤−25dB, which significantly reduces electromagnetic interference radiation to surrounding power equipment and suppresses the influence of external fields from the direction of interference.

[0187] Adaptive transmit power control: The control module uses an adaptive transmit power control mechanism based on Quality of Service (QoS) feedback, based on Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) feedback, to meet communication delay constraints. With frame error rate constraints Under the premise of minimizing the transmit power of the phased array antenna module in the communication mode This is to reduce the total power consumption of the system.

[0188] The following section further elaborates on the logic of the time allocation strategy for determining the duration occupied by the sensing mode and the communication mode within each time frame.

[0189] In one embodiment, a fixed allocation strategy can be adopted, that is, the occupancy duration corresponding to the perception mode within a time frame is determined as the first duration, and the occupancy duration corresponding to the communication mode within a time frame is determined as the second duration; the sum of the first duration and the second duration is the duration of the time frame, and both the first duration and the second duration are fixed durations.

[0190] In another embodiment, a time division multiplexing (TDM) scheduling strategy can be adopted to determine the duration allocation strategy in the next time frame; specifically, it includes: determining the current change rate based on the target current values ​​corresponding to the last Y consecutive time frames, and determining the duration allocation strategy based on the current change rate.

[0191] Specifically, when the rate of change of current is less than the fluctuation threshold, the occupancy time corresponding to the sensing mode is determined as the third duration, and the occupancy time corresponding to the communication mode is determined as the fourth duration; the third duration is greater than the fourth duration. When the rate of change of current is greater than or equal to the fluctuation threshold, the occupancy time corresponding to the communication mode is determined as the fifth duration, and the occupancy time corresponding to the sensing mode is determined as the sixth duration; the fifth duration is greater than or equal to the sixth duration.

[0192] The fluctuation threshold is pre-calibrated based on the power grid application scenario, and this application embodiment does not impose specific limitations on it.

[0193] In one possible example, with each time frame being 10ms in length and a fluctuation threshold of [value missing], , Let the current change rate be ; then the time allocation strategy can be derived from Table (1) and Figure 7 express:

[0194] Table (1)

[0195] System status (ms) Duration of perception mode (ms) Duration of communication mode Triggering conditions Steady-state perception first 8.0 2.0 Dynamic Equilibrium Mode 5.0 5.0 Emergency communications priority 2.0 8.0 Or alarm

[0196] Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) Assisted Mode: FDM mode can be activated when the system requires higher sensing continuity. This is achieved within the ODMR sweep bandwidth. Available spectrum outside Internally, it utilizes phased array antennas to simultaneously transmit communication signals and sense the spectral isolation between the communication subcarrier groups. Satisfying formula (32):

[0197] , formula (32);

[0198] in For communication signal bandwidth, To protect bandwidth (typical value) This ensures the orthogonality of the spectra of the two functions.

[0199] After the current detection system of this application is powered on, the system needs to go through an initialization phase, a steady-state operation phase, and a dynamic response phase.

[0200] The initialization phase includes: after system power-on, the energy management module completes multi-source energy harvesting assessment and selects the primary energy harvesting method; the optical excitation module completes laser power stabilization locking and quantum state initialization of the NV color center; and the phased array antenna module completes near-field channel vectoring. The geometric parameters of the measurement calibration and self-calibration coil position are bound together.

[0201] Steady-state operation phase: The control module periodically alternates between sensing mode and communication mode according to the TDM frame structure; in sensing mode, it performs a three-stage pipeline of near-field focusing excitation, ODMR signal inversion and reconstruction, and inter-frequency signal injection self-calibration; in communication mode, it performs far-field directional transmission.

[0202] Dynamic response phase: When the target current value is determined to exceed the danger threshold, and / or the current change rate is detected to exceed twice the fluctuation threshold (… When the emergency communication command is generated, it is used to indicate the switch to communication mode, so that the target current value of the current frame is reported to the host computer with the shortest frame delay, while maintaining the sensing mode with the minimum time occupation to ensure continuous monitoring.

[0203] Furthermore, when lithium-ion supercapacitors store energy ( When the value falls below the minimum, the system enters a low-power sleep mode, with only the energy management module remaining operational. It will automatically wake up and restart after restoring to the wake-up value.

[0204] The integrated sensing and communication current detection method and system provided in this application integrate sensing and communication multiplexing technology, beamforming technology, online self-calibration mechanism, and multi-source comprehensive energy harvesting strategy. A single phased array antenna module simultaneously undertakes both NV color center ODMR microwave excitation and wireless communication of sensing data. This design reduces the number of RF link hardware components by more than 50% and effectively reduces system size and weight, meeting the deployment requirements of miniaturized nodes in ultra-high voltage and extra-high voltage field applications. By suppressing sidelobes below -25dB, the system's directional communication anti-interference capability in strong electromagnetic field environments is enhanced, and point-to-point communication latency can be stably maintained within 100μs. Furthermore, the scheme in this application, through heterogeneous frequency signal injection and parameter recursive least squares self-calibration mechanism, enables the system to continuously compensate for gain and bias drift online without relying on an external precision reference source, achieving long-term measurement accuracy better than 0.1%FS. Combined with multi-source comprehensive energy harvesting and dynamic energy management strategies, it realizes long-term self-powered operation in all ultra-high voltage and extra-high voltage AC / DC scenarios, demonstrating broad engineering application prospects.

[0205] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages in other steps. It is understood that the steps in different embodiments can be freely combined as needed, and all non-contradictory solutions formed by such combinations are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0206] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a current detection device for implementing the integrated sensing and communication current detection method described above. The solution provided by this device is similar to the implementation described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more current detection device embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the integrated sensing and communication current detection method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0207] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, a current detection device 800 is provided, including a control module for use in a current detection system. The current detection system includes the control module, an optical excitation and detection module, an NV color center probe, an antenna module, and a power supply module. The current device 800 includes a sensing component 801, a signal acquisition component 802, an analysis component 803, and a communication component 804, wherein:

[0208] Sensing component 801 is used to control the optical excitation and detection module to apply an excitation laser to the NV color center probe in response to the triggering of the sensing mode, and to control the antenna module to apply a microwave signal to the NV color center probe.

[0209] The signal acquisition component 802 is used to acquire the fluorescence intensity signal, which is obtained by the optical excitation and detection module detecting the fluorescence generated by the NV color center probe.

[0210] Analysis component 803 is used to determine the induced magnetic field signal of the ambient magnetic field based on the fluorescence intensity signal, the frequency of the microwave signal, and the positional relationship between the NV color center probe and the transmission line under test, and to determine the target current value in the transmission line under test based on the induced magnetic field signal; the ambient magnetic field includes the magnetic field under test generated by the transmission line under test.

[0211] The communication component 804 is used to generate detection information containing the target current value in response to the triggering of the communication mode, and to control the antenna module to transmit the detection information.

[0212] In one embodiment, the current detection device 800 further includes a duration strategy determination component, specifically used for:

[0213] Within each time frame, the perception mode and communication mode are triggered sequentially according to the duration allocation strategy; the duration allocation strategy includes the respective duration occupied by the perception mode and the communication mode within the time frame.

[0214] In one embodiment, the duration strategy determination component is specifically used for:

[0215] The duration of the perception mode within a time frame is defined as the first duration, and the duration of the communication mode within a time frame is defined as the second duration; the sum of the first duration and the second duration is the duration of the time frame, and both the first duration and the second duration are fixed durations; or,

[0216] Based on the target current values ​​corresponding to nearly Y consecutive time frames, the current change rate is determined, and a time allocation strategy is determined based on the current change rate.

[0217] In one embodiment, the analysis component 803 is specifically used for:

[0218] When the rate of change of current is less than the fluctuation threshold, the duration of occupation corresponding to the sensing mode is determined as the third duration, and the duration of occupation corresponding to the communication mode is determined as the fourth duration; the third duration is greater than the fourth duration.

[0219] When the rate of change of current is greater than or equal to the fluctuation threshold, the occupancy time corresponding to the communication mode is determined to be the fifth duration, and the occupancy time corresponding to the sensing mode is determined to be the sixth duration; the fifth duration is greater than or equal to the sixth duration.

[0220] In one embodiment, the current detection system further includes a calibration coil and an analysis component, specifically for:

[0221] In response to the triggering of the sensing mode, a reference signal is generated and output to the calibration coil. The reference signal instructs the driving calibration coil to apply a reference magnetic field to the NV color center probe.

[0222] The actual magnetic field signal is extracted from the induced magnetic field signal. The actual magnetic field signal characterizes the magnetic field strength that the calibration coil actually acts on the NV color center.

[0223] The calibration parameters are determined based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field.

[0224] The initial current value is determined based on the induced magnetic field signal, and the initial current value is calibrated based on the calibration parameters to obtain the target current value in the transmission line under test.

[0225] In one embodiment, the analysis component 803 is specifically used for:

[0226] The actual magnetic field signal is compared with the excitation threshold, and the excitation of the NV color center probe by the calibration coil is determined based on the comparison result.

[0227] When the comparison results adequately characterize the excitation, the calibration parameters are determined based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field.

[0228] In one embodiment, the analysis component 803 is specifically used for:

[0229] Determine the actual current signal within the calibration coil based on the actual magnetic field signal;

[0230] The calibration error signal is determined based on the actual current signal and the reference magnetic field;

[0231] The calibration algorithm is used to iterate the calibration error signal and the calibration parameters corresponding to the previous time frame, and the calibration parameters of the current time frame are obtained after the calibration algorithm converges.

[0232] In one embodiment, the current detection device 800 further includes a hazard monitoring component, specifically used for:

[0233] When the target current value is determined to exceed the danger threshold, an emergency communication command is generated; the emergency communication command is used to instruct switching to communication mode.

[0234] Each module in the aforementioned current detection device 800 can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in a computer device in hardware form, or stored in the memory of a computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0235] In one exemplary embodiment, a control module is provided for use in the above-described current detection embodiment. The control module is a computer device, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows. Figure 9As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output interface, communication interface, display unit, and input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are also connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The input / output interface is used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, Near Field Communication (NFC), or other technologies. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a current detection method integrating sensing and communication. The display unit is used to form a visually visible image and can be a display screen, projection device, or virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or buttons, trackballs, or touchpads set on the casing of the computer device, or external keyboards, touchpads, or mice, etc.

[0236] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 9 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0237] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0238] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0239] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0240] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A current detection method integrating sensing and communication, characterized in that, A control module is applied to a current detection system, the current detection system including the control module, an optical excitation and detection module, an NV color center probe, an antenna module, and a power supply module; the method includes: In response to the triggering of the sensing mode, the optical excitation and detection module is controlled to apply an excitation laser to the NV color center probe, and the antenna module is controlled to apply a microwave signal to the NV color center probe. Acquire fluorescence intensity signal, which is obtained by the optical excitation and detection module detecting the fluorescence generated by the NV color center probe; Based on the fluorescence intensity signal, the frequency of the microwave signal, and the positional relationship between the NV color center probe and the transmission line under test, the induced magnetic field signal of the ambient magnetic field is determined, and the target current value in the transmission line under test is determined based on the induced magnetic field signal; the ambient magnetic field includes the magnetic field under test generated by the transmission line under test. In response to the triggering of the communication mode, detection information containing the target current value is generated, and the antenna module is controlled to transmit the detection information; Within each time frame, the perception mode and the communication mode are triggered sequentially according to a duration allocation strategy; the duration allocation strategy includes the respective duration of the perception mode and the communication mode within the time frame. The rate of change of current is determined based on the target current values ​​corresponding to nearly Y consecutive time frames; When the rate of change of current is less than the fluctuation threshold, the occupancy duration corresponding to the sensing mode is determined to be the third duration, and the occupancy duration corresponding to the communication mode is determined to be the fourth duration; the third duration is greater than the fourth duration. When the rate of change of current is greater than or equal to the fluctuation threshold, the occupancy duration corresponding to the communication mode is determined to be the fifth duration, and the occupancy duration corresponding to the sensing mode is determined to be the sixth duration; the fifth duration is greater than or equal to the sixth duration.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current detection system further includes a calibration coil, and the step of determining the target current value in the transmission line under test based on the induced magnetic field signal includes: In response to the triggering of the sensing mode, a reference signal is generated and output to the calibration coil, the reference signal instructing the calibration coil to apply a reference magnetic field to the NV color center probe; The actual magnetic field signal is extracted from the induced magnetic field signal, and the actual magnetic field signal characterizes the magnetic field strength of the calibration coil actually acting on the NV color center probe; The calibration parameters are determined based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field. The initial current value is determined based on the induced magnetic field signal, and the initial current value is calibrated based on the calibration parameters to obtain the target current value in the transmission line under test.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining calibration parameters based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field includes: The actual magnetic field signal is compared with the excitation threshold, and the excitation of the NV color center probe by the calibration coil is determined based on the comparison result. When the comparison results sufficiently characterize the excitation, the calibration parameters are determined based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining calibration parameters based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field includes: Based on the actual magnetic field signal, determine the actual current signal within the calibration coil; The calibration error signal is determined based on the actual current signal and the reference magnetic field; The calibration algorithm is used to iterate the calibration error signal and the calibration parameters corresponding to the previous time frame, and the calibration parameters of the current time frame are obtained after the calibration algorithm converges.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the target current value is determined to exceed the danger threshold, an emergency communication command is generated; the emergency communication command is used to instruct switching to the communication mode.

6. A current detection device, characterized in that, The device is applied to the control module of a current detection system, which includes the control module, an optical excitation and detection module, an NV color center probe, an antenna module, and a power supply module. The device includes a sensing component, a signal acquisition component, an analysis component, a communication component, a duration strategy determination component, and an analysis component, wherein: The sensing component is used to control the optical excitation and detection module to apply an excitation laser to the NV color center probe in response to the triggering of the sensing mode, and to control the antenna module to apply a microwave signal to the NV color center probe. The signal acquisition component is used to acquire a fluorescence intensity signal, which is obtained by the optical excitation and detection module detecting the fluorescence generated by the NV color center probe. The analysis component is used to determine the induced magnetic field signal of the ambient magnetic field based on the fluorescence intensity signal, the frequency of the microwave signal, and the positional relationship between the NV color center probe and the transmission line under test, and to determine the target current value in the transmission line under test based on the induced magnetic field signal; the ambient magnetic field includes the magnetic field under test generated by the transmission line under test. The communication component is used to generate detection information containing the target current value in response to the triggering of the communication mode, and to control the antenna module to transmit the detection information; The duration strategy determination component is used to sequentially trigger the perception mode and the communication mode according to the duration allocation strategy within each time frame; the duration allocation strategy includes the respective duration of the perception mode and the communication mode within the time frame. The analysis component is used to determine the rate of change of current based on the target current values ​​corresponding to nearly Y consecutive time frames; When the rate of change of current is less than the fluctuation threshold, the occupancy duration corresponding to the sensing mode is determined to be the third duration, and the occupancy duration corresponding to the communication mode is determined to be the fourth duration; the third duration is greater than the fourth duration. When the rate of change of current is greater than or equal to the fluctuation threshold, the occupancy duration corresponding to the communication mode is determined to be the fifth duration, and the occupancy duration corresponding to the sensing mode is determined to be the sixth duration; the fifth duration is greater than or equal to the sixth duration.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The current detection system also includes a calibration coil, and the analysis component is specifically used for: In response to the triggering of the sensing mode, a reference signal is generated and output to the calibration coil, the reference signal instructing the calibration coil to apply a reference magnetic field to the NV color center probe; The actual magnetic field signal is extracted from the induced magnetic field signal, and the actual magnetic field signal characterizes the magnetic field strength of the calibration coil actually acting on the NV color center probe; The calibration parameters are determined based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field. The initial current value is determined based on the induced magnetic field signal, and the initial current value is calibrated based on the calibration parameters to obtain the target current value in the transmission line under test.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The analysis component is specifically used for: The actual magnetic field signal is compared with the excitation threshold, and the excitation of the NV color center probe by the calibration coil is determined based on the comparison result. When the comparison results sufficiently characterize the excitation, the calibration parameters are determined based on the actual magnetic field signal and the reference magnetic field.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The analysis component is specifically used for: Based on the actual magnetic field signal, determine the actual current signal within the calibration coil; The calibration error signal is determined based on the actual current signal and the reference magnetic field; The calibration algorithm is used to iterate the calibration error signal and the calibration parameters corresponding to the previous time frame, and the calibration parameters of the current time frame are obtained after the calibration algorithm converges.

10. A current detection system, characterized in that, The current detection system includes a control module, an optical excitation and detection module, an NV color center probe, an antenna module, and a power supply module, wherein: The control module is used to control the antenna module to switch between sensing mode and communication mode; In the sensing mode, the optical excitation and detection module is used to apply an excitation laser to the NV color center probe, the antenna module is used to apply a microwave signal to the NV color center probe, and the optical excitation and detection module is also used to detect the fluorescence generated by the NV color center probe, obtain a fluorescence intensity signal, and send the fluorescence intensity signal to the control module. In communication mode, the control module is used to generate a detection signal and control the antenna module to send the detection signal; the detection signal includes the target current value in the circuit to be detected determined based on the fluorescence intensity signal; The control module includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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