A brush wire slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of brush silk slip ring electric contact reliability and stability test device and method, belong to the technical field of electrically conductive slip ring reliability test, including fixed support, the top side of fixed support is provided with first fixed plate, first fixed plate is provided with first fixed seat between fixed support, the top of first fixed plate is provided with second fixed plate, first fixed plate is provided with rotating shaft mechanism, rotating shaft mechanism is provided with slip ring mechanism, transmission mechanism is provided between rotating shaft mechanism and first fixed seat, second fixed plate is provided with brush adjusting mechanism, elastic brush is provided on brush adjusting mechanism, elastic brush is contacted with slip ring mechanism, test unit is provided on brush adjusting mechanism.The application uses the brush silk slip ring electric contact reliability and stability test device and method described above, to carry out system test to brush silk slip ring friction and wear reliability and current transmission stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of conductive slip ring reliability testing technology, and in particular to a device and method for testing the electrical contact reliability and stability of a brush slip ring. Background Technology

[0002] As a core electromechanical component for transmitting electrical energy / signal between rotating and stationary parts, conductive slip rings are widely used in high-end equipment fields such as aerospace, defense, wind power, and medical equipment. Their reliability directly determines the operational safety of the host system and the success or failure of the mission.

[0003] In recent years, with the pursuit of extreme performance and reliability in extreme environments, some high-end equipment has put forward requirements for long life and high speed electrical transmission of conductive slip rings. However, the life and reliability of conductive slip rings under extreme service conditions are not satisfactory. At present, the mainstream technical means to improve the life and reliability of conductive slip rings is grease lubrication. However, the lubricating film formed under electro-mechanical combined load has a complex impact on the friction and wear of sliding contact interface and electrical transmission behavior. Research on the interface friction and electrical contact behavior of conductive grease-lubricated slip rings is a fundamental scientific problem to overcome the problem of long-term service reliability under extreme conditions. It is urgent to develop testing and evaluation technologies that are interdisciplinary, including tribology, materials science and electronic engineering.

[0004] The existing technology has the following drawbacks: Typically, the pin-disc test structure, contact mode, motion mode, and loading mode and path of composite loads such as current and mechanical loads are significantly different from the actual working conditions. The friction and wear characteristics and electrical transmission stability of the electrical contact pair are closely related to the actual contact geometry, the relative sliding mode of the interface, and the loading mode of current and mechanical loads. Therefore, the results based on the pin-disc test cannot accurately reflect the actual service behavior of the conductive slip ring. The sliding electrical contact test of conductive slip rings is usually aimed at solid lubricating materials such as various precious metal coatings. At present, there is no test for the electrical contact characteristics of conductive grease under the service conditions of grease-lubricated slip rings. Current testing equipment and methods mainly focus on the tribological characteristics under high current, and there is currently no test for the signal transmission stability in sliding contact with low current. Currently, there is a lack of testing methods for the dynamic and static characteristics of electrical contact behavior, and a lack of testing methods that can coordinate the study of multiple input-output relationships such as lubrication, load, speed, current, VI relationship, voltage waveform, temperature, friction torque, and wear morphology.

[0005] In summary, this invention proposes a device and method for testing the reliability and stability of electrical contact of brush slip rings, aiming to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide technical support for promoting the engineering application of grease-lubricated conductive slip rings. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for testing the reliability and stability of brush filament slip ring electrical contact. This device aims to systematically test the friction and wear reliability and current transmission stability of brush filament slip rings. Through the cooperation of the rotating shaft mechanism, slip ring mechanism, and elastic brush, it simulates the actual contact geometry and relative lubrication mode of the conductive slip ring, making the test contact and load application, brush filament slip ring friction pair contact, and friction and lubrication states closely resemble actual working conditions, thus improving the accuracy of reflecting service behavior. The contact structure of the elastic brush and slip ring mechanism is adapted to grease lubrication conditions, enabling the testing of conductive grease electrical contact characteristics. The brush adjustment mechanism can adjust the contact state, and combined with an external circuit board, it can achieve signal transmission stability testing in low-current sliding contact. Integrating torque sensors, force sensors, etc., it can collaboratively collect multiple parameters such as lubrication, load, speed, current, VI relationship, and friction torque, realizing the collaborative study of the dynamic and static characteristics of electrical contact and multiple input-output relationships.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a device and method for testing the reliability and stability of brush filament slip ring electrical contact, comprising a fixed bracket, a first fixed plate disposed on one side of the top of the fixed bracket, a first fixed seat disposed between the first fixed plate and the fixed bracket, a second fixed plate disposed at the top of the first fixed plate, a rotating shaft mechanism disposed on the first fixed plate, a slip ring mechanism disposed on the rotating shaft mechanism, a transmission mechanism disposed between the rotating shaft mechanism and the first fixed seat, a brush adjusting mechanism disposed on the second fixed plate, an elastic brush disposed on the brush adjusting mechanism, the elastic brush being in contact with the slip ring mechanism, and a test unit disposed on the brush adjusting mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating shaft mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a bearing seat is provided on the upper part of the side wall of the first fixed plate, the rotating shaft is provided on the bearing seat, a slip ring mechanism is provided on the top of the rotating shaft, a first coupling is connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft, a second fixed seat is provided in the middle of the side wall of the first fixed plate, a torque sensor is provided on the second fixed seat, the bottom of the first coupling is connected to the torque sensor, a second coupling is provided at the bottom of the torque sensor, a power input shaft is provided at the bottom of the second coupling, and the bottom of the power input shaft is connected to the transmission mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a motor, which is mounted on the top surface of the first fixed base. The output shaft of the motor passes through the first fixed base and is connected to a first transmission wheel. The bottom end of the power input shaft passes through the first fixed base and is connected to a second transmission wheel. A transmission belt is provided between the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel.

[0010] Preferably, the slip ring mechanism includes a first clamping ring, a conductive ring assembly, and a second clamping ring, wherein the first clamping ring, the conductive ring assembly, and the second clamping ring are sequentially arranged on the rotating shaft, and the elastic brush is in contact with the conductive ring assembly; The conductive ring assembly includes a conductive ring and an insulating spacer ring. The insulating spacer ring and the conductive ring are sequentially disposed between the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring. The bottom surface of one insulating spacer ring is in contact with the top surface of the first clamping ring, and the top surface of the other insulating spacer ring is in contact with the bottom surface of the second clamping ring. The elastic brush is in contact with the side wall of the conductive ring.

[0011] Preferably, the brush adjustment mechanism includes a first guide rail, which is disposed at the front end of the top of the second fixed plate. A first slider is disposed on the first guide rail, an external circuit board is disposed on the side wall of the first slider, a brush fixing member is disposed on the side wall of the external circuit board, and an elastic brush is disposed on the brush fixing member.

[0012] Preferably, the test unit includes a power supply, a digital multimeter, and an oscilloscope. Two external circuit boards are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply, respectively. The power supply is used to provide current or voltage to the sliding contact circuit between the elastic brush and the conductive ring. Two brush holders are connected to the two ends of the digital multimeter, respectively. The digital multimeter is used to measure the contact voltage drop. The two brush holders are connected to the two ends of the oscilloscope, respectively. The oscilloscope is used to measure the contact voltage waveform. An infrared camera and an optical microscope are arranged in front of the contact point between the flexible brush and the conductive ring. The infrared camera is used to measure the temperature at the contact point, and the optical microscope is used to observe the surface morphology near the contact point.

[0013] Preferably, the brush adjustment mechanism further includes a second guide rail, which is disposed in the middle of the top surface of the second fixed plate. A second slider is disposed on the second guide rail, a transmission component is disposed between the first slider and the second slider, and an adjustment component is disposed between the second slider and the second fixed plate.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a first rocker arm and a second rocker arm. A first rotating shaft is provided at the top of the first slider. One end of the first rocker arm is provided on one first rotating shaft. One end of the second rocker arm is provided on another first rotating shaft. A second rotating shaft is provided at the top of the second slider. The other ends of the first rocker arm and the other ends of the second rocker arm are both provided on the second rotating shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a force adjustment rod, a force sensor is provided at the rear end of the second slider, a connecting plate is connected to the rear end of the top surface of the second fixed plate, and the force adjustment rod passes through the connecting plate and is connected to the rear end of the force sensor.

[0016] A method for testing the reliability and stability of brush filament slip ring electrical contacts includes the following steps: S1: Adjust the distance between the elastic brushes symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conductive ring under test by the brush adjustment mechanism, so that the two elastic brushes make symmetrical contact with both sides of the cylindrical surface of the conductive ring under test. The contact load between the elastic brushes and the conductive ring under test is precisely adjusted by the brush adjustment mechanism. S2: Before testing, a predetermined volume of grease is supplied to the contact point between the conductive ring and the elastic brush using a metering grease injector. The motor is started and run at low speed until the grease forms a uniform oil film on the entire surface of the conductive ring. S3: Measure the VI relationship of grease-lubricated contacts in static or sliding states, calculate the resistance value using the voltmeter-ammeter method, and simultaneously measure the contact voltage waveform using an oscilloscope when measuring the VI relationship of grease-lubricated contacts in sliding states. S4: Observe the morphology of the contact surface of the conductive ring using an optical microscope under each static or dynamic condition of the motor, and measure the temperature at the contact point using an infrared camera.

[0017] Therefore, this invention employs the aforementioned brush filament slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device and method, aiming to systematically test the friction and wear reliability and current transmission stability of brush filament slip rings. Through the cooperation of the rotating shaft mechanism, slip ring mechanism, and elastic brush, it simulates the actual contact geometry and relative lubrication mode of the conductive slip ring, making the test contact and load loading, brush filament slip ring friction pair contact, friction and lubrication state closely resemble actual working conditions, thus improving the accuracy of reflecting service behavior. The contact structure of the elastic brush and slip ring mechanism is adapted to grease lubrication conditions, enabling the testing of conductive grease electrical contact characteristics. The brush adjustment mechanism can adjust the contact state, and combined with an external circuit board, it can realize signal transmission stability testing in micro-current sliding contact. Integrating torque sensors, force sensors, etc., it can collaboratively collect multiple parameters such as lubrication, load, speed, current, VI relationship, and friction torque, realizing the collaborative study of the dynamic and static characteristics of electrical contact and multiple input-output relationships.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the brush filament slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device and method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the rotating shaft mechanism in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the transmission mechanism in this invention; Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of point A in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the brush adjustment mechanism in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the infrared camera and optical microscope in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the power supply, digital multimeter, and oscilloscope in this invention.

[0020] Figure Labels 1. Fixed bracket; 2. First fixed plate; 3. First fixed seat; 4. Second fixed plate; 5. Elastic brush; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Bearing seat; 8. First coupling; 9. Second fixed seat; 10. Torque sensor; 11. Second coupling; 12. Power input shaft; 13. Motor; 14. First transmission wheel; 15. Second transmission wheel; 16. Transmission belt; 17. First clamping ring; 18. Second clamping ring; 19. Conductive ring; 2 0. Insulating spacer ring; 21. First guide rail; 22. First slider; 23. External circuit board; 24. Brush holder; 25. Second guide rail; 26. Second slider; 27. First swing arm; 28. Second swing arm; 29. ​​First rotating shaft; 30. Second rotating shaft; 31. Force adjustment rod; 32. Force sensor; 33. Connecting plate; 34. Infrared camera; 35. Optical microscope; 36. Power supply; 37. Digital multimeter; 38. Oscilloscope. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a device and method for testing the reliability and stability of brush filament slip ring electrical contact are disclosed. A first fixing plate 2 is installed on one side of the top of a fixed bracket 1. One end of a first fixing seat 3 is installed on the bottom side wall of the first fixing plate 2, and the other end of the first fixing seat 3 is installed on the fixed bracket 1. A second fixing plate 4 is installed on the top side wall of the first fixing plate 2. A rotating shaft mechanism is provided on the first fixing plate 2, and a slip ring mechanism is provided on the rotating shaft mechanism. A transmission mechanism is provided between the rotating shaft mechanism and the first fixing seat 3. A brush adjusting mechanism is provided on the second fixing plate 4, and an elastic brush 5 is installed on the brush adjusting mechanism. The elastic brush 5 is in contact with the slip ring mechanism.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, a bearing seat 7 is installed on the upper side wall of the first fixed plate 2. A bearing is installed inside the bearing seat 7. The rotating shaft 6 is connected to the bearing seat 7 through the bearing. A slip ring mechanism is located at the end of the rotating shaft 6 away from the bearing seat 7. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 6 passes through the bearing seat 7 and is equipped with a first coupling 8. Preferably, the first coupling 8 is a magnetic coupling. The use of a magnetic coupling is for two reasons: firstly, to isolate vibration and improve the acquisition accuracy of weak torque signals; and secondly, to provide insulation and prevent possible leakage current from harming the system or personnel. A second fixed seat 9 is installed in the middle of the side wall of the first fixed plate 2. A torque sensor 10 is installed on the second fixed seat 9. The output end of the torque sensor 10 is connected to the magnetic coupling of the first coupling 8.

[0025] The input end of the torque sensor 10 is connected to a second coupling 11, the bottom end of the second coupling 11 is connected to a power input shaft 12, and the bottom end of the power input shaft 12 is connected to a transmission mechanism.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, a motor 13 is installed at the rear end of the top surface of the first fixed base 3. The output shaft of the motor 13 passes through the first fixed base 3, and a first transmission wheel 14 is installed on the part of the output shaft of the motor 13 that passes through the first fixed base 3. The bottom end of the power input shaft 12 passes through the first fixed base 3, and a second transmission wheel 15 is installed on the part of the power input shaft 12 that passes through the first fixed base 3. A transmission belt 16 is sleeved between the first transmission wheel 14 and the second transmission wheel 15.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, a first clamping ring 17, several conductive ring assemblies, and a second clamping ring 18 are sequentially fitted onto the end of the rotating shaft 6 away from the bearing seat 7. The first clamping ring 17 and the second clamping ring 18 are coaxial with the rotating shaft 6 and fixed to the rotating shaft 6 by set screws. Each conductive ring assembly is composed of a single insulating spacer 20, a single conductive ring 19, and a single insulating spacer 20 stacked coaxially to form a "sandwich" structure. Multiple "sandwich" structures are connected in series coaxially to form multiple conductive ring assemblies. The top surface of the insulating spacer 20 at the top of the conductive ring assembly is in contact with the bottom surface of the second clamping ring 18, and the bottom surface of the insulating spacer 20 at the bottom of the conductive ring assembly is in contact with the top surface of the first clamping ring 17. The elastic brush 5 is in contact with the side wall of the conductive ring 19.

[0028] The conductive ring assembly is clamped on the rotating shaft 6 by the first clamping ring 17 and the second clamping ring 18. The fixed position of the conductive ring assembly on the rotating shaft 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the first clamping ring 17 and the second clamping ring 18 to adapt to the pairing of different conductive rings 19 and elastic brushes 5.

[0029] like Figure 5As shown, a first guide rail 21 is installed on the front end of the top of the second fixed plate 4. A first slider 22 is respectively sleeved on both ends of the first guide rail 21. The first slider 22 slides along the first guide rail 21, and the two first sliders 22 move closer to each other or further away from each other along the first guide rail 21. An external circuit board 23 is installed on the side wall of the first slider 22. The external circuit board 23 is insulated from the first slider 22 to prevent the current from harming the system or personnel. A brush fixing member 24 is installed on the side wall of the external circuit board 23. The end of the elastic brush 5 away from the conductive ring 19 is fixed to the brush fixing member 24.

[0030] A second guide rail 25 is installed in the middle of the top surface of the second fixed plate 4. A second slider 26 is sleeved on the second guide rail 25. A transmission component is provided between the first slider 22 and the second slider 26. An adjustment component is provided between the second slider 26 and the second fixed plate 4.

[0031] The top of the first slider 22 is connected to a first rotating shaft 29, which is equipped with a bearing. One of the first rotating shafts 29 is connected to a first rocker arm 27 via a bearing, and the other first rotating shaft 29 is connected to a second rocker arm 28 via a bearing. Both the first rocker arm 27 and the second rocker arm 28 can rotate around the bearing on the first rotating shaft 29. The top of the second slider 26 is connected to a second rotating shaft 30, which is equipped with a bearing. The other ends of the first rocker arm 27 and the second rocker arm 28 are both connected to the second rotating shaft 30 via bearings. The two first rotating shafts 29 and the second rotating shaft 30 form an isosceles triangle, with the second rotating shaft 30 located at the vertex of the isosceles triangle.

[0032] A force sensor 32 is installed at the rear end of the second slider 26. A connecting plate 33 is integrally formed at the rear end of the top surface of the second fixing plate 4. A force adjustment rod 31 is threaded through the connecting plate 33 and is threadedly connected to the connecting plate 33. The front end of the force adjustment rod 31 is connected to the rear end of the force sensor 32.

[0033] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the two external circuit boards 23 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply 36 via wires. The power supply 36 is used to provide current or voltage to the sliding contact circuit between the elastic brush 5 and the conductive ring 19. The two brush holders 24 are connected to a digital multimeter 37 via wires. The digital multimeter 37 is used to measure the contact voltage drop. The two brush holders 24 are connected to an oscilloscope 38 via wires. The oscilloscope 38 is used to measure the contact voltage waveform. An infrared camera 34 is arranged in front of the contact point between the elastic brush 5 and the conductive ring 19. The infrared camera 34 is used to measure the temperature at the contact point. An optical microscope 35 is arranged in front of the contact point between the elastic brush 5 and the conductive ring 19. The optical microscope 35 is used to observe the surface morphology near the contact point.

[0034] The brush filament slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device and method provided by the present invention can be fixed in the air or fixed in a vacuum chamber for testing. When testing in a vacuum chamber, electronic equipment such as power supply 36, digital multimeter 37, and oscilloscope 38 can be externally mounted through electrical flange interface. Infrared camera 34 and optical microscope 35 are also placed outside the vacuum chamber and the information at the contact point can be observed through the observation window.

[0035] The adjustment and testing process of the brush filament slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device and method provided by this invention is as follows: S1: Before testing, adjust the position of the slip ring mechanism on the rotating shaft 6 to align the conductive ring 19 to be tested with the elastic brush 5, ensuring that the two symmetrically arranged elastic brushes 5 do not interfere with the upper and lower insulating spacers 20 on the conductive ring 19 to be tested. The force adjustment rod 31 drives the power sensor 32 to move back and forth along the second slider 26, thereby driving the vertex of the isosceles triangle to move back and forth. Due to the constraint of the first swing rod 27 and the second swing rod 28, the two first sliders 22 on the first guide rail 21 move left and right around the axis of symmetry of the isosceles triangle, thereby driving the symmetrically arranged elastic brushes 5 to open or close. Before testing, move the position of the force sensor 32 by the force adjustment rod 31 to make the two elastic brushes 5 close together and contact the cylindrical surface of the conductive ring 19 to be tested. The magnitude of the contact force is calculated by the reading of the force sensor 32. When a certain contact force is reached, lock the position of the force adjustment rod 31.

[0036] S2: Before testing, a certain amount of grease is supplied to the contact point between the conductive ring 19 and the elastic brush 5 using a metering grease injector. The motor 13 is started and run at low speed for a certain period of time until a uniform oil film is formed on the entire surface of the conductive ring 19. Then the test is stopped.

[0037] S3: Measure the VI relationship of the grease-lubricated contact in either a static or sliding state, calculate the resistance value using the voltmeter-ammeter method, and simultaneously measure the contact voltage waveform using oscilloscope 38 when measuring the VI relationship of the grease-lubricated contact in the sliding state. In a static state, the VI relationship of the grease-lubricated contact is measured. The current value changes from 0 to I in steps of ΔI, and then changes from I back to 0. The time for each current value is 45 seconds. The voltage drop at each current value is measured using a digital multimeter 37. The VI relationship diagram is plotted, and the static contact resistance value is calculated by the volt-ampere method. In the sliding state, the VI relationship of the grease-lubricated contact is measured. The speed of motor 13 changes from 0 to ω in steps of Δω, and then changes from ω back to 0. The application time for each speed is 45 minutes. At the same time, the current value is scanned stepwise according to the settings in the static state, and the voltage drop at each current value is measured using digital multimeter 37. The VI relationship graph under different speeds is plotted, and the dynamic contact resistance value is calculated by the volt-ampere method. When measuring the VI relationship of the grease-lubricated contact in the sliding state, the contact voltage waveform of the grease-lubricated contact in the sliding state is simultaneously measured. An oscilloscope 38 is used to monitor the contact voltage waveform of each motor at 13 speeds, and the monitoring is performed once every 10 minutes. You can choose to measure either the stationary state or the sliding state separately, or you can measure them alternately in a cycle.

[0038] S4: Observe and photograph the morphology of the contact surface of the conductive ring 19 using an optical microscope 35 under static or dynamic conditions of the motor 13 each time.

[0039] To determine the effect of lubricant on performance, a certain amount of lubricant can be added during the test based on the degradation of the contact voltage waveform.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the reliability and stability of electrical contacts of brush filament slip rings, characterized in that: The device includes a fixed bracket, a first fixed plate on one side of the top of the fixed bracket, a first fixed seat between the first fixed plate and the fixed bracket, a second fixed plate on the top of the first fixed plate, a rotating shaft mechanism on the first fixed plate, a slip ring mechanism on the rotating shaft mechanism, a transmission mechanism between the rotating shaft mechanism and the first fixed seat, a brush adjusting mechanism on the second fixed plate, an elastic brush on the brush adjusting mechanism, the elastic brush contacting the slip ring mechanism, and a testing unit on the brush adjusting mechanism.

2. The brush filament slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a bearing seat is provided on the upper part of the side wall of the first fixed plate, the rotating shaft is disposed on the bearing seat, the slip ring mechanism is disposed on the top end of the rotating shaft, a first coupling is connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft, a second fixed seat is provided in the middle of the side wall of the first fixed plate, a torque sensor is disposed on the second fixed seat, the bottom end of the first coupling is connected to the torque sensor, a second coupling is disposed at the bottom end of the torque sensor, a power input shaft is disposed at the bottom end of the second coupling, and the bottom end of the power input shaft is connected to the transmission mechanism.

3. The brush filament slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a motor, which is disposed on the top surface of the first fixed base. The output shaft of the motor passes through the first fixed base and is connected to a first transmission wheel. The bottom end of the power input shaft passes through the first fixed base and is connected to a second transmission wheel. A transmission belt is disposed between the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel.

4. The brush filament slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slip ring mechanism includes a first clamping ring, a conductive ring assembly, and a second clamping ring. The first clamping ring, the conductive ring assembly, and the second clamping ring are sequentially arranged on the rotating shaft, and the elastic brush is in contact with the conductive ring assembly. The conductive ring assembly includes a conductive ring and an insulating spacer ring. The insulating spacer ring and the conductive ring are sequentially disposed between the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring. The bottom surface of one insulating spacer ring is in contact with the top surface of the first clamping ring, and the top surface of the other insulating spacer ring is in contact with the bottom surface of the second clamping ring. The elastic brush is in contact with the sidewall of the conductive ring.

5. The brush filament slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The brush adjustment mechanism includes a first guide rail, which is disposed at the front end of the top of the second fixed plate. A first slider is disposed on the first guide rail. An external circuit board is disposed on the side wall of the first slider. A brush fixing member is disposed on the side wall of the external circuit board. The elastic brush is disposed on the brush fixing member.

6. The brush filament slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The test unit includes a power supply, a digital multimeter, and an oscilloscope. The two external circuit boards are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply. The power supply is used to provide current or voltage to the sliding contact circuit between the elastic brush and the conductive ring. The two brush holders are respectively connected to the two ends of the digital multimeter. The digital multimeter is used to measure the contact voltage drop. The two brush holders are respectively connected to the two ends of the oscilloscope. The oscilloscope is used to measure the contact voltage waveform. An infrared camera and an optical microscope are arranged in front of the contact point between the elastic brush and the conductive ring. The infrared camera is used to measure the temperature at the contact point, and the optical microscope is used to observe the surface morphology near the contact point.

7. The brush filament slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The brush adjustment mechanism further includes a second guide rail, which is disposed in the middle of the top surface of the second fixed plate. A second slider is disposed on the second guide rail. A transmission component is disposed between the first slider and the second slider, and an adjustment component is disposed between the second slider and the second fixed plate.

8. The brush filament slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a first rocker arm and a second rocker arm. A first rotating shaft is provided at the top of the first slider. One end of the first rocker arm is provided on one of the first rotating shafts. One end of the second rocker arm is provided on the other of the first rotating shafts. A second rotating shaft is provided at the top of the second slider. The other ends of the first rocker arm and the other ends of the second rocker arm are both provided on the second rotating shafts.

9. The brush filament slip ring electrical contact reliability and stability testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a force adjustment rod, a force sensor is provided at the rear end of the second slider, a connecting plate is connected to the rear end of the top surface of the second fixed plate, and the force adjustment rod passes through the connecting plate and is connected to the rear end of the force sensor.

10. A method for testing the reliability and stability of electrical contacts of brush filament slip rings, based on the apparatus described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Adjust the distance between the elastic brushes symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conductive ring under test by the brush adjustment mechanism, so that the two elastic brushes make symmetrical contact with both sides of the cylindrical surface of the conductive ring under test. The contact load between the elastic brushes and the conductive ring under test is precisely adjusted by the brush adjustment mechanism. S2: Before testing, a predetermined volume of grease is supplied to the contact point between the conductive ring and the elastic brush using a metering grease injector. The motor is started and run at low speed until the grease forms a uniform oil film on the entire surface of the conductive ring. S3: Measure the VI relationship of grease-lubricated contacts in static or sliding states, calculate the resistance value using the voltmeter-ammeter method, and simultaneously measure the contact voltage waveform using an oscilloscope when measuring the VI relationship of grease-lubricated contacts in sliding states. S4: Observe the morphology of the contact surface of the conductive ring using an optical microscope under each static or dynamic condition of the motor, and measure the temperature at the contact point using an infrared camera.

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