A method and device for fast starting a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock

Abstract

The application discloses a fast starting method of a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock, and discloses a fast starting device of the miniaturized rubidium atomic clock. The starting of the rubidium atomic clock is divided into an under-heating starting stage and a step-by-step slow heating stage. In the under-heating starting stage, the setting values of the cavity temperature and the spectrum lamp temperature are set to be under-heating target temperatures which are lower than the working temperature, so that the rubidium atomic clock can be heated to the working temperature after the under-heating stage. In the step-by-step slow heating stage, the temperature step and the step time interval are set, and the rubidium atomic clock is heated to the working temperature after stabilization in a normal starting mode in a small-amplitude heating mode. The under-heating starting and the step-by-step slow heating of the application can stably heat the rubidium atomic clock to the working temperature, and eliminate the frequency accuracy overshoot. The application does not need to change the hardware structure of the rubidium atomic clock, and only needs to modify the temperature setting value sequence to realize the fast starting, has good portability and low cost advantage, and can be widely applied to the miniaturized rubidium atomic clock platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of atomic frequency standard technology, specifically to a method for rapid startup of a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock, and also to a device for rapid startup of a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock. Background Technology

[0002] Miniaturized rubidium atomic clocks, as time and frequency reference devices that combine small size, low power consumption, and high reliability, consist of a quantum physics system (including a rubidium spectral lamp, a filter bulb, an absorber bulb, and a microwave resonant cavity), a temperature control circuit, a servo-locked loop, and a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator. To achieve rapid startup and output a highly stable reference frequency, it is necessary to rationally control the temperature rise process and temperature overshoot of the physical system during startup. The selection of temperature parameters plays a crucial role in the startup time and steady-state performance of the rubidium atomic clock. Existing methods for optimizing the startup characteristics of rubidium atomic clocks typically focus on shortening the frequency lock-in time, such as actively optimizing the startup process through light intensity fluctuations, improving the C-field circuit to enhance the capture capability, or using a boost circuit to quickly illuminate the spectral lamp. However, these methods neglect the problem that frequency accuracy still needs a long time to converge slowly after lock-in. Due to the temperature overshoot phenomenon of the physical system during startup, and the overshoot caused by temperature overshoot through mechanisms such as buffer gas collision frequency shift, the frequency accuracy deviates again after initially reaching the target, thus significantly prolonging the total startup time. Each rubidium atomic clock physical system has individual differences in thermal characteristics, buffer gas ratio, and temperature control circuit parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the prior art by providing a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock rapid start-up method and a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock rapid start-up device.

[0004] The above-mentioned objectives of the present invention are achieved by the following technical means: A method for rapid startup of a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the cavity temperature parameters and spectral lamp temperature parameters of the rubidium atomic clock during normal startup; the cavity temperature parameters include the cavity temperature setpoint, the maximum cavity temperature, and the cavity operating temperature; the spectral lamp temperature parameters include the spectral lamp temperature setpoint, the maximum spectral lamp temperature, and the spectral lamp operating temperature. The temperature overshoot of the cavity temperature is obtained based on the difference between the maximum cavity temperature and the cavity working temperature, and the temperature overshoot of the spectral lamp temperature is obtained based on the difference between the maximum spectral lamp temperature and the spectral lamp working temperature. Step 2: Determine the underheating target temperature of the cavity based on the temperature overshoot of the cavity working temperature and the cavity temperature, and determine the underheating target temperature of the spectrometer lamp based on the temperature overshoot of the spectrometer lamp working temperature and the spectrometer lamp temperature. Step 3, underheating start: Set the cavity temperature setpoint and the spectral lamp temperature setpoint to the underheating target temperature of the cavity temperature and the underheating target temperature of the spectral lamp temperature, respectively, and set the underheating start time; Step 4, Stepwise slow heating: Set the temperature step and step time interval; after the underheating start is completed, gradually increase the cavity temperature set value and the spectrum lamp temperature set value according to the temperature step, and maintain the set step time interval after each increase; until the cavity temperature reaches the cavity working temperature and the spectrum lamp temperature reaches the spectrum lamp working temperature. Specifically, when the cavity temperature reaches the cavity operating temperature, the cavity temperature setting will stop increasing and will be maintained at the current cavity temperature setting; when the spectral lamp temperature reaches the spectral lamp operating temperature, the spectral lamp temperature setting will stop increasing and will be maintained at the current spectral lamp temperature setting.

[0005] As mentioned above, the underheating target temperature of the cavity temperature is set as the difference between the cavity operating temperature and the temperature overshoot of the cavity temperature; the underheating target temperature of the spectral lamp temperature is set as the difference between the spectral lamp operating temperature and the temperature overshoot of the spectral lamp temperature.

[0006] As mentioned above, the underheating start-up time is set to the time when the cavity temperature reaches its maximum value during the underheating start-up process.

[0007] As mentioned above, the temperature step is less than the smaller of the cavity temperature difference after the power-on start-up requirements are met and the spectral lamp temperature difference after the power-on start-up requirements are met. The cavity temperature difference after the power-on requirement is met is the difference between the cavity temperature at the moment the power-on requirement is met and the cavity operating temperature; the spectral lamp temperature difference after the power-on requirement is met is the difference between the spectral lamp temperature at the moment the power-on requirement is met and the spectral lamp operating temperature.

[0008] As mentioned above, the stepping time interval is greater than the thermal hysteresis time between the temperature measured by the temperature sensor and the actual temperature inside the rubidium bulb.

[0009] A miniaturized rubidium atomic clock rapid start-up device includes a host computer, an MCU control core, a temperature acquisition module, a heating drive module, and a microwave resonant cavity and spectral lamp for the rubidium atomic clock; the host computer is bidirectionally connected to the MCU control core, and the host computer is used to write configuration parameters to the MCU control core before the rubidium atomic clock starts up and to receive temperature data, state machine data and output frequency data uploaded by the MCU control core in real time; The MCU control core includes a state machine, a memory, a PID controller, and a timer. The memory stores configuration parameters written by the host computer. The state machine, based on real-time temperature feedback and timer events, switches between underheating start-up, gradual temperature increase, and a maintenance phase where both the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature reach the operating temperature. The PID controller calculates the control quantity based on the deviation between the current setpoint and the actual temperature. The timer provides timing for the step-time intervals of the gradual temperature increase. The temperature acquisition module is used to measure the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature of the microwave resonant cavity. The heating drive module adjusts the heating power of the cavity and the spectral lamp according to the calculation results of the PID controller; The configuration parameters include the underheating target temperature of the cavity temperature, the underheating target temperature of the spectral lamp temperature, the underheating start time, the temperature step value, and the step time interval.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) To address the frequency accuracy overshoot caused by temperature overshoot during the power-on process of the rubidium atomic clock, this invention divides the power-on process of the rubidium atomic clock into an underheating start-up stage and a step-by-step slow heating stage. In the underheating start-up stage, the temperature overshoot is suppressed by actively reducing the cavity temperature setpoint and the spectral lamp temperature setpoint. Combined with the step-by-step slow heating to steadily heat up to the working temperature, the output frequency accuracy overshoot is eliminated.

[0011] (2) The present invention does not require modification of the hardware structure of the rubidium atomic clock. It can achieve rapid startup by simply modifying the temperature setpoint sequence. It has good portability and low cost advantages and can be widely used in miniaturized rubidium atomic clock platforms.

[0012] (3) While significantly shortening the startup time, the present invention fully preserves the steady-state performance of the rubidium atomic clock. The steady-state frequency accuracy is consistent with the normal startup mode, and the long-term performance is not affected. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 The graph shows the change of cavity temperature over time under normal start-up and underheating start-up conditions. Figure 3 The graph shows the temperature change of the spectral lamp over time under normal start-up and underheating start-up conditions. Figure 4 The diagram shows the change of cavity temperature over time under the start-up method of the present invention, which combines underheating start-up with step-by-step slow heating. Figure 5The graph shows the temperature change of the spectral lamp over time under the underheating start-up method combined with the step-by-step slow heating of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a graph showing the variation in the output frequency accuracy of a rubidium atomic clock under the underheating start-up method combined with the step-by-step slow heating method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To facilitate understanding and implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. The embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0015] Example 1:

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for rapid startup of a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the cavity temperature parameters and spectral lamp temperature parameters of the rubidium atomic clock during normal startup; the cavity temperature parameters include the cavity temperature setpoint, the maximum cavity temperature, and the cavity operating temperature; the spectral lamp temperature parameters include the spectral lamp temperature setpoint, the maximum spectral lamp temperature, and the spectral lamp operating temperature.

[0017] The cavity temperature setpoint and the spectral lamp temperature setpoint can be obtained by reading the normal power-on parameters of the rubidium atomic clock during normal startup; by monitoring and recording the curve of the microwave resonant cavity temperature changing over time in real time, the maximum cavity temperature and the cavity operating temperature can be obtained from the curve of the cavity temperature changing over time; by monitoring and recording the curve of the spectral lamp temperature changing over time in real time, the maximum spectral lamp temperature and the spectral lamp operating temperature can be obtained from the curve of the spectral lamp temperature changing over time.

[0018] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, during the normal startup and stable operation of the rubidium atomic clock, both the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature first reach their maximum values. After reaching these maximum values, the heating power gradually decreases until the temperature stabilizes. This stabilized temperature is the actual operating temperature. Temperature overshoot, through mechanisms such as buffer gas collision frequency shift, can cause overshoot in the output frequency accuracy, leading to a deviation in frequency accuracy after the initial attainment of the target, thus significantly extending the total startup time. Figure 6As shown in the curve of output frequency accuracy change during normal startup (output frequency accuracy is quantified by relative frequency deviation, where the middle red dashed line is the relative frequency deviation that no longer deviates under stable operation, and the upper and lower red dashed lines are the set range of the relative frequency deviation amount to determine the startup requirement), the relative frequency deviation amount first reaches within the upper and lower red dashed lines and then continues to rise, subsequently exceeding the set range of the relative frequency deviation amount again, then falling back into the set range of the relative frequency deviation amount, and finally tending to the stable value of the relative frequency deviation. It can be seen that the change of relative frequency deviation under normal startup significantly prolongs the total startup time. The total startup time is the length of time from the startup moment to the moment when the relative frequency deviation amount reaches the set range of the relative frequency deviation amount and no longer exceeds the set range of the relative frequency deviation amount.

[0019] It can also record the frequency accuracy changes of the rubidium atomic clock output frequency, which can be used as a benchmark for evaluating the startup characteristics of subsequent optimization schemes.

[0020] Step 2: Determine the underheating target temperature of the cavity based on the temperature overshoot of the cavity working temperature and the cavity temperature, and determine the underheating target temperature of the spectrometer lamp based on the temperature overshoot of the spectrometer lamp working temperature and the spectrometer lamp temperature.

[0021] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 The diagrams showing the temperature changes of the cavity and the spectral lamp over time under normal and underheated start-up conditions are shown. From the temperature change curves over time, it can be seen that the difference between the maximum temperature reached and the operating temperature under stable operation is about 0.5℃, so the temperature overshoot is about 0.5℃.

[0022] The underheating target temperature needs to be lower than the operating temperature. The underheating target temperature is determined based on the operating temperature and the temperature overshoot to ensure that after underheating start-up, it can approach the stable operating temperature under normal start-up by a small temperature increase. In this embodiment, the underheating target temperature of the cavity is set as the difference between the cavity operating temperature and the temperature overshoot of the cavity temperature, and the underheating target temperature of the spectrometer lamp is set as the difference between the spectrometer lamp operating temperature and the temperature overshoot of the spectrometer lamp temperature.

[0023] Step 3, underheating start: Set the cavity temperature setpoint and the spectral lamp temperature setpoint to the underheating target temperature of the cavity temperature and the underheating target temperature of the spectral lamp temperature, respectively, and set the underheating start time.

[0024] After the rubidium atomic clock is powered on, it drives the heating element to work, causing the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature to rise continuously from room temperature. During the heating process, the temperature sensor monitors the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature in real time at a fixed sampling interval and feeds back the measured values ​​of the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature to the host computer for recording. At the same time, it records the maximum values ​​reached by the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature during the underheating start-up process and the time when they reach the maximum values. These data are used to verify the effect of underheating start-up on suppressing temperature overshoot and to provide a basis for judging the starting point of step-by-step slow heating.

[0025] In this embodiment, the time when the cavity temperature reaches its maximum value during the underheating start-up process is used as the starting point for the step-by-step slow heating. That is, the underheating start-up time is set to the time when the cavity temperature reaches its maximum value during the underheating start-up process.

[0026] Since the volume of the spectral lamp is smaller than that of the cavity, and the collision frequency shift of the buffer gas mainly exists in the cavity, the spectral lamp will reach its maximum temperature before the cavity during the heating process. In this embodiment, the moment when the cavity temperature reaches its maximum value is directly taken as the starting point for slow heating.

[0027] Step 4, Stepwise Slow Heating: Set the temperature step and step time interval; after the underheating start is completed (i.e. after the underheating start time is reached), increase the cavity temperature set value and the spectrometer lamp temperature set value stepwise according to the temperature step, and maintain a fixed step time interval after each increase, waiting for a sufficient step time interval to allow the cavity temperature and the spectrometer lamp temperature to reach a new thermal equilibrium state; until the cavity temperature reaches the cavity working temperature and the spectrometer lamp temperature reaches the spectrometer lamp working temperature.

[0028] Specifically, when the cavity temperature reaches the cavity operating temperature, the cavity temperature setting will stop increasing and will be maintained at the current cavity temperature setting; when the spectral lamp temperature reaches the spectral lamp operating temperature, the spectral lamp temperature setting will stop increasing and will be maintained at the current spectral lamp temperature setting; finally, when both the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature reach the operating temperature, the current cavity temperature setting and the spectral lamp temperature setting will remain unchanged.

[0029] The cavity temperature difference after meeting the power-on start-up requirements is defined as the difference between the cavity temperature at the moment the power-on start-up requirements are met and the cavity operating temperature. Similarly, the spectral lamp temperature difference after meeting the power-on start-up requirements is defined as the difference between the spectral lamp temperature at the moment the power-on start-up requirements are met and the spectral lamp operating temperature. The moment the power-on start-up requirements are met is defined as the moment during normal startup when the relative frequency deviation is within a set value relative to the stable operating state (i.e., at operating temperature and with no further frequency deviation). Figure 6 The relative frequency offset shown is within the upper and lower red dashed lines, so the time required to meet the power-on startup requirement is approximately 1200 seconds. Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that when the power-on requirements are met, the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature will still change slightly to the cavity operating temperature and the spectral lamp operating temperature, respectively.

[0030] During the step-by-step slow heating phase, in order not to compromise the accuracy of the rubidium atomic clock output frequency, the set temperature step should be smaller than the smaller of the temperature difference between the cavity temperature after the power-on start-up requirements are met and the temperature difference between the spectral lamp temperature after the power-on start-up requirements are met.

[0031] The selected step time interval needs to be greater than the thermal hysteresis time between the temperature measured by the temperature sensor and the actual internal temperature of the rubidium bulb, so as to ensure that the internal temperature of the rubidium bulb can respond to each increase in the set value.

[0032] The relative frequency offset is the difference between the actual output frequency of the rubidium atomic clock and the theoretical frequency (or nominal frequency) used as a reference, divided by the theoretical frequency.

[0033] Record the timing settings of the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature throughout the entire process of underheating start-up and step-by-step slow heating, as well as the corresponding actual temperature response curve and the change curve of output frequency accuracy.

[0034] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 The diagrams showing the changes in cavity temperature and spectral lamp temperature over time under the start-up method of underheating combined with step-by-step slow heating are shown. From the overall evolution characteristics of the temperature curves, the cavity temperature and spectral lamp temperature undergo a brief heating process after each increase in the set value, and then stabilize near the new equilibrium value.

[0035] like Figure 6 The graph shown illustrates the variation in the output frequency accuracy of the rubidium atomic clock under a startup method combining underheating and gradual temperature increase. The overall evolution trend of the curves in the graph demonstrates that the underheating startup method combined with gradual temperature increase effectively suppresses the significant relative frequency overshoot phenomenon present in the normal startup method. During the underheating startup phase, the output frequency accuracy quickly reaches the startup requirements, and the phenomenon of the output frequency accuracy exceeding the startup requirements again, as seen in the normal startup method, does not occur. After entering the gradual temperature increase phase, as the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature increase stepwise, the system gradually reaches a stable operating state.

[0036] Example 2:

[0037] A miniaturized rubidium atomic clock rapid start-up device includes a host computer, an MCU control core (single-chip microcomputer control core), a temperature acquisition module, a heating drive module, and a physical system.

[0038] The physical system includes at least the microwave resonant cavity of the rubidium atomic clock and the spectral lamp.

[0039] The host computer and the MCU control core are bidirectionally connected through a communication interface. The host computer is used to write configuration parameters such as the underheating target temperature of the cavity temperature, the underheating target temperature of the spectral lamp temperature, the underheating start time, the temperature step value, and the step time interval to the MCU control core during the parameter calibration stage. It also receives temperature data, state machine information, and output frequency data uploaded by the MCU control core in real time for debugging and monitoring.

[0040] The MCU control core is the control center of the system. Internally, the MCU control core integrates at least a state machine, memory, PID controller, and timer. The memory stores the configuration parameters written by the host computer. The state machine autonomously executes switching between underheating start-up, step-by-step slow heating, and the maintenance phase where both the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature reach the operating temperature, based on real-time temperature feedback and timer events. The PID controller calculates the control input based on the deviation between the current setpoint and the actual temperature. The timer provides precise timing for the step intervals during the slow heating phase.

[0041] The temperature acquisition module includes at least a thermistor mounted near the microwave resonant cavity and the spectral lamp in the physical system for measuring the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature, as well as a corresponding signal conditioning circuit. The thermistor senses the temperature of the cavity and the spectral lamp through thermal conduction and thermal radiation, and converts it into a change in resistance value. The signal conditioning circuit further converts the change in resistance value into a voltage signal and inputs it to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) sampling channel of the MCU control core.

[0042] The heating drive module consists of at least a power switching transistor and a heating resistor; the MCU control core adjusts the heating power of the cavity and the spectrum lamp by controlling the power of the heating resistor based on the calculation results of the PID controller.

[0043] Based on the configuration parameters in the memory, the MCU control core uses a state machine to control the heating drive module with a lower underheating target temperature setpoint during the underheating start-up phase, suppressing temperature overshoot. During the step-by-step slow heating phase, a timer is used to gradually increase the temperature step setpoint at fixed step time intervals, and the PID controller ensures a smooth transition after each temperature increase. Finally, after reaching the stable operating temperature point, it enters the steady-state maintenance phase. Throughout the process, the temperature acquisition module continuously provides feedback signals to ensure control accuracy.

[0044] This invention does not require modification of the original circuit structure of the rubidium atomic clock. It only requires writing the corresponding control program and configuration parameters into the MCU to achieve the fast start function, and has good engineering compatibility and batch adaptation capability.

[0045] It should be noted that the embodiments described in this invention are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for rapid startup of a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the cavity temperature parameters and spectral lamp temperature parameters of the rubidium atomic clock during normal startup; the cavity temperature parameters include the cavity temperature setpoint, the maximum cavity temperature, and the cavity operating temperature; the spectral lamp temperature parameters include the spectral lamp temperature setpoint, the maximum spectral lamp temperature, and the spectral lamp operating temperature. The temperature overshoot of the cavity temperature is obtained based on the difference between the maximum cavity temperature and the cavity working temperature, and the temperature overshoot of the spectral lamp temperature is obtained based on the difference between the maximum spectral lamp temperature and the spectral lamp working temperature. Step 2: Determine the underheating target temperature of the cavity based on the temperature overshoot of the cavity working temperature and the cavity temperature, and determine the underheating target temperature of the spectrometer lamp based on the temperature overshoot of the spectrometer lamp working temperature and the spectrometer lamp temperature. Step 3, underheating start: Set the cavity temperature setpoint and the spectral lamp temperature setpoint to the underheating target temperature of the cavity temperature and the underheating target temperature of the spectral lamp temperature, respectively, and set the underheating start time; Step 4, Stepwise slow heating: Set the temperature step and step time interval; after the underheating start is completed, gradually increase the cavity temperature set value and the spectrum lamp temperature set value according to the temperature step, and maintain the set step time interval after each increase; until the cavity temperature reaches the cavity working temperature and the spectrum lamp temperature reaches the spectrum lamp working temperature. Specifically, when the cavity temperature reaches the cavity operating temperature, the cavity temperature setting will stop increasing and will be maintained at the current cavity temperature setting; when the spectral lamp temperature reaches the spectral lamp operating temperature, the spectral lamp temperature setting will stop increasing and will be maintained at the current spectral lamp temperature setting.

2. The method for rapid startup of a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The underheating target temperature of the cavity temperature is set as the difference between the cavity operating temperature and the temperature overshoot of the cavity temperature; the underheating target temperature of the spectral lamp temperature is set as the difference between the spectral lamp operating temperature and the temperature overshoot of the spectral lamp temperature.

3. The method for rapid start-up of a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The underheating start-up time is set to the time when the cavity temperature reaches its maximum value during the underheating start-up process.

4. The method for rapid start-up of a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature step is less than the smaller of the cavity temperature difference after the power-on start-up requirements are met and the spectral lamp temperature difference after the power-on start-up requirements are met. The cavity temperature difference after the power-on requirement is met is the difference between the cavity temperature at the moment the power-on requirement is met and the cavity operating temperature; the spectral lamp temperature difference after the power-on requirement is met is the difference between the spectral lamp temperature at the moment the power-on requirement is met and the spectral lamp operating temperature.

5. The method for rapid start-up of a miniaturized rubidium atomic clock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepping time interval is greater than the thermal hysteresis time between the temperature measured by the temperature sensor and the actual temperature inside the rubidium bulb.

6. A miniaturized rubidium atomic clock rapid start-up device, comprising a host computer, an MCU control core, a temperature acquisition module, a heating drive module, and a microwave resonant cavity and a spectral lamp for the rubidium atomic clock; the host computer is bidirectionally connected to the MCU control core, and the host computer is used to write configuration parameters to the MCU control core before the rubidium atomic clock starts up and to receive temperature data, state machine data, and output frequency data uploaded by the MCU control core in real time; The MCU control core includes a state machine, memory, PID controller, and timer; among which, The memory is used to store the configuration parameters written by the host computer; the state machine performs switching between underheating start, step-by-step slow heating, and maintenance phase when both the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature reach the working temperature, based on real-time temperature feedback and timer events; the PID controller calculates the control quantity based on the deviation between the current set value and the actual temperature; the timer provides timing for the step-by-step slow heating interval. The temperature acquisition module is used to measure the cavity temperature and the spectral lamp temperature of the microwave resonant cavity. The heating drive module adjusts the heating power of the cavity and the spectral lamp according to the calculation results of the PID controller; The configuration parameters are characterized in that they include the underheating target temperature of the cavity temperature, the underheating target temperature of the spectral lamp temperature, the underheating start time, the temperature step value, and the step time interval.

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