Intelligent electric control aerating control method for soda fountain

Abstract

The application provides a soda machine intelligent electric control aeration control method, relates to soda machine aeration control technology, and is applied to a soda machine with a detachable water bottle and a base and comprises the following steps: S1, reading a water bottle electronic tag to obtain pre-stored parameters and a personalized correction coefficient; S2, generating an expected pressure trajectory curve containing a soft start pressure limiting of material and a beverage type unloading pulse modulation instruction; S3, performing a slight disturbance aeration diagnosis to determine the airtightness in stages; S4, performing step-by-step pressure increase and synchronous pulse modulation through a pressure outer ring and a flow inner ring cascade PID; and S5, after reaching the final pressure, feeding a small amount of air to stability based on temperature and attenuation characteristics, and rewriting use data. The application realizes self-adaptive and accurate control of different bottle bodies and beverages, improves carbonation consistency, operation safety and long-term intelligent optimization capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soda machine aeration control technology, and more specifically, to an intelligent electronic aeration control method for soda machines. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization of healthy living concepts, home soda water makers are increasingly favored by consumers for their convenient ability to make sparkling water. The core function of a soda water maker is to infuse food-grade carbon dioxide gas into water, creating a carbonated beverage. However, existing home soda water makers generally suffer from problems in terms of gas control, including low levels of intelligence, inconsistent gas filling effects, unstable taste, and simplistic safety protection mechanisms. These problems manifest in the following ways: Most existing soda makers use a fixed, one-size-fits-all inflation method. Whether using mechanical timed inflation or simple pressure threshold-based shutdown control, the inflation process parameters (such as inflation rate, target pressure, and constant pressure time) are all factory-preset fixed values. They cannot adaptively adjust to the user's actual bottle material (such as fragile glass or plastic bottles that can withstand some deformation), bottle volume, current water temperature, or even different beverage types (such as plain water, sugary drinks, or protein drinks). This often leads to problems such as insufficient inflation resulting in a bland taste, or over-inflation causing liquid splashing upon opening, or even the risk of the glass bottle bursting. The few products with adjustable inflation settings only offer a limited number of preset settings, which still cannot meet the growing demand for personalized and refined inflation.

[0003] Existing technologies have shortcomings in terms of gas-liquid mixing efficiency and pressure control accuracy. On the one hand, traditional aeration methods mostly rely on the natural dissolution of carbon dioxide gas in static water, resulting in low gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency. To achieve the target carbonation level, a long aeration time or a higher target pressure is often required, which is not only inefficient and noisy, but also exacerbates safety hazards due to high pressure. On the other hand, simple on / off valve control or single-loop pressure PID control is difficult to accurately track the pressure rise trajectory inside the bottle when faced with fluctuations in gas source pressure and nonlinear changes in valve flow characteristics. Especially in the initial stage of aeration, pressure overshoot is easily caused by control lag, leading to an excessive influx of gas and causing violent liquid turbulence and splashing; while when approaching the target pressure, oscillations are prone to occur, making it impossible to smoothly reach and maintain the desired pressure state.

[0004] Current technology lacks a dynamic compensation mechanism for the carbon dioxide dissolution process. Since the dissolution of gas in water is a continuous and dynamic process, even after active aeration stops, dissolved carbon dioxide in the bottle will continue to escape or dissolve to reach a new gas-liquid equilibrium. This causes the pressure inside the bottle to gradually decrease after reaching a preset value. Existing equipment either does not address this phenomenon (resulting in a beverage that is ultimately "insufficiently carbonated") or employs a simple aeration strategy, reopening the valve for crude aeration after the pressure drops to a certain fixed threshold. This results in fluctuating pressure inside the bottle, ultimately affecting the consistency of the beverage's taste.

[0005] In summary, existing home soda maker technology urgently needs to address the following technical challenges: how to achieve personalized aeration parameter customization based on container characteristics and beverage type; how to improve gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency and precise control of pressure trajectory; how to actively compensate for pressure decay caused by gas dissolution; and how to perform intelligent diagnosis and graded response of system status. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing soda water machine aeration control method has a low degree of intelligence, cannot perform personalized pressure trajectory tracking and dynamic compensation according to bottle characteristics and beverage type, resulting in poor aeration effect consistency, low gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency, insufficient constant pressure stability and passive lag in safety diagnosis. In order to overcome the above defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent electronic control aeration control method for soda water machines.

[0007] This invention provides an intelligent electronically controlled aeration control method for a soda water machine, applicable to a soda water machine including a detachable water bottle and a base, comprising the following steps: S1. After the water bottle is installed in place, read the electronic tag of the water bottle to obtain the identification code and the initial temperature of the liquid inside the bottle, and retrieve the pre-stored parameters including the bottle material type, volume value, rated pressure limit value and preset beverage type code, as well as the personalized correction coefficient including the pressure rise rate correction factor and the final pressure correction factor. S2. Generate a desired pressure trajectory curve based on pre-stored parameters, including a soft-start pressure boost rate limit set according to the bottle material and an unloading pulse modulation command embedded according to the beverage type code. S3. Before formal inflation, perform micro-perturbation inflation diagnosis and determine the airtightness level based on the pressure response characteristic vector inside the bottle. Proceed to the next step only if the airtightness condition is met; otherwise, stop inflation. S4. Perform closed-loop inflation based on the desired pressure trajectory curve, using cascade PID control consisting of an outer pressure loop and an inner flow loop, stepwise pressurization based on the pressure steps discretized according to the desired pressure trajectory curve, and synchronously perform pulsed airflow modulation during inflation. S5. After the pressure inside the bottle reaches the final value target of the desired pressure trajectory curve, a feedforward compensation signal is generated based on the liquid temperature and carbon dioxide dissolution decay characteristics to perform micro-gas replenishment until the pressure fluctuation stabilizes within the preset range, and the usage data is written to the electronic tag.

[0008] Compared with existing technologies, the intelligent electronic control method for filling a soda water machine disclosed in this application has the following advantages: By integrating electronic tag identification and personalized correction coefficients, adaptive control is achieved for different bottle materials, volumes, and beverage types, effectively avoiding pressure shocks and foam interference caused by material differences or beverage characteristics; micro-disturbance filling diagnosis is used to perform graded prediction of the gas path sealing status, significantly improving the safety self-check capability before filling and reducing gas waste; a cascaded PID step-by-step pressure boosting system composed of a pressure outer loop and a flow inner loop, combined with pulsed airflow modulation, is adopted to suppress pressure overshoot and oscillation, and promote uniform gas dissolution, ensuring a high degree of consistency in the carbonated taste; a micro-gas replenishment strategy based on liquid temperature and feedforward compensation in the final value stage overcomes the pressure drop caused by carbon dioxide dissolution attenuation, making the pressure inside the bottle accurately stable within the ideal range; in addition, data security write-back of electronic tags is used to form a closed-loop iteration, providing a reliable data foundation for intelligent optimization and maintenance prompts for long-term equipment operation, significantly improving the control accuracy, operational safety, and user experience of the soda water machine filling process.

[0009] In one possible implementation, step S2 specifically includes: S21. Determine the maximum pressure rise rate limit for soft start based on the bottle material type, wherein the maximum pressure rise rate limit for glass material is less than the maximum pressure rise rate limit for metal or plastic material. S22. Determine the insertion position, pulse frequency, and duty cycle of the unloading pulse modulation command based on the beverage type code, wherein the pulse frequency corresponding to the sugary or high-viscosity beverage type code is higher than the pulse frequency corresponding to the ordinary beverage type code. S23. Determine the number of pressure steps and the target pressure value for each step based on the volume value and the rated pressure limit value; S24. Integrate the maximum boost rate limit of soft start, unloading pulse modulation command and pressure step information into a pressure-time curve as the desired pressure trajectory curve.

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, this technology protects brittle bottles by setting different maximum pressure increase rate limits for soft start based on different bottle materials, effectively suppresses foam interference during the aeration process of sugary and viscous liquids by dynamically adjusting the parameters of the unloading pulse modulation command according to the type of beverage, and finely plans the pressure increase path by dividing pressure steps based on volume and pressure resistance limits. Finally, it integrates and generates a desired pressure trajectory curve that covers multiple constraints, thereby significantly improving the adaptability of the aeration process to changing working conditions and the stability of the final carbonated beverage quality while ensuring the safe operation of the equipment.

[0011] In one possible implementation, step S3 specifically includes: S31. Control the electronically controlled proportional valve located in the base to open the preset diagnostic opening degree and continue for the preset diagnostic time to inject a small amount of gas into the water bottle. S32. Multiple continuous values ​​reflecting the actual pressure inside the bottle are obtained wirelessly by a pressure sensor installed inside the water bottle, and a feature vector is constructed. S33. Input the feature vector into the preset classification model and output the airtightness status classification result; If the classification result indicates a severe leak, the electronically controlled proportional valve will be shut down and an alarm will be triggered. If the classification result is a compensable micro-leakage state, the leakage rate is calculated. Only when the leakage rate is less than the system's maximum gas replenishment capacity threshold, the system enters S4 and outputs a maintenance prompt; otherwise, the electronically controlled proportional valve is closed and an alarm prompt is output. If the classification result is normal, proceed to S4.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, by actively injecting a small amount of gas before formal inflation and judging the airtightness based on the feature vector collected wirelessly, it can not only accurately identify serious leaks before inflation and immediately shut down the machine to ensure safety, but also assess the leakage rate when a compensable micro-leak is identified and allow conditional continued operation while outputting maintenance prompts. This significantly reduces the probability of invalid shutdowns caused by minor sealing defects while avoiding gas waste and equipment damage, thus improving the fault tolerance of the equipment and the user experience.

[0013] In one possible implementation, step S4 specifically includes: S41. Discretize the desired pressure trajectory curve into multiple consecutive pressure step target values; S42. Calculate the deviation signal between the actual pressure feedback value inside the bottle and the current pressure step target value, perform proportional, integral, and differential operations on the deviation signal, adjust the weight of the integral term according to the pressure rise rate correction factor in the personalized correction coefficient, and output the flow setpoint as the flow inner loop setpoint. S43. Calculate the deviation signal between the instantaneous flow value and the flow set value fed back by the gas mass flow sensor installed at the back end of the electronically controlled proportional valve. Perform proportional, integral, and derivative operations on the deviation signal, output the valve opening control signal for driving the electronically controlled proportional valve, and simultaneously clear the integral term to zero at the moment of outputting the instantaneous zero-return pulse. S44. In response to the unloading pulse modulation command during the inflation process, an instantaneous zero-reset pulse is superimposed on the flow rate setpoint to drive the electronically controlled proportional valve to generate pulsating airflow.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this method discretizes the desired pressure trajectory into pressure steps and employs cascaded PID collaborative control consisting of an outer pressure loop and an inner flow loop. It combines personalized boost rate correction factors to dynamically optimize integral weights, forcibly clears the integral term of the inner flow loop during unloading pulse modulation commands to prevent integral saturation, and actively introduces pulsating airflow using instantaneous zero-reset pulses. This achieves precise step-by-step boosting, effectively suppresses pressure overshoot and oscillation, while accelerating carbon dioxide dissolution and reducing foam interference through pulsating disturbances. This significantly improves the control stability, dynamic response quality, and consistency of the final carbonation effect during the inflation process.

[0015] In one possible implementation, step S43 further includes pressure ramp rate clamping control: during the process of ramping up the pressure to the target value of each pressure step, if the instantaneous flow rate change rate is detected to exceed the preset pressure ramp rate upper limit value corresponding to the current pressure step, a control signal is output to limit the increase of the opening of the electronically controlled proportional valve to suppress pressure overshoot.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, by monitoring the instantaneous flow rate change rate in real time when pressurizing to the target value of each pressure step, and prioritizing the output of a signal to limit the increase of the opening of the electronically controlled proportional valve when it exceeds the preset upper limit, the dynamic constraint on the pressurization process is further strengthened on the basis of cascade PID regulation. This effectively prevents the pressure shock of the cylinder caused by the overshoot of the electronically controlled proportional valve, and significantly improves the safety margin and control stability of the inflation process.

[0017] In one possible implementation, step S5 specifically includes: S51. Determine whether the actual pressure inside the bottle has reached the final target defined by the expected pressure trajectory curve. If yes, then enter the constant pressure monitoring period, generate a predicted pressure decay curve based on the initial temperature of the liquid in the bottle and the personalized correction coefficient, and calculate the feedforward compensation flow rate required to maintain the final value target based on the predicted pressure decay curve; otherwise, return to S4. S52, drive the electronically controlled proportional valve to perform the air replenishment action in the preset mode until the feedforward compensation flow value is reached; S53. Monitor the fluctuation range of the actual pressure inside the bottle within the preset constant pressure holding time; If the fluctuation amplitude is less than the preset range for several consecutive cycles, inflation is determined to be complete and the electronically controlled proportional valve is closed; otherwise, an abnormality is determined and a prompt is output. S54. Write the usage data for this transaction into the electronic tag.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, this method accurately compensates for the natural pressure drop caused by carbon dioxide dissolution by predicting the attenuation curve based on liquid temperature and personalized coefficients after reaching the final pressure and implementing high-frequency, low-duty-cycle micro-gas replenishment in a feedforward manner. This achieves stable locking and fluctuation-free stability determination at the end of the inflation phase, while also writing back the data completely to form a closed-loop record.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the carbon dioxide dissolution decay characteristics are characterized by a temperature-solubility decay coefficient. In step S51, a predicted pressure decay curve is generated based on the initial temperature of the liquid in the bottle and a personalized correction coefficient. The feedforward compensation flow rate required to maintain the final value target is calculated based on this predicted pressure decay curve. Specifically, this includes: S511. Based on the initial temperature of the liquid in the bottle, query the pre-stored temperature-solubility decay coefficient mapping table to obtain the reference decay coefficient corresponding to the current temperature. S512. Use the final value pressure correction factor in the personalized correction coefficient to correct the reference attenuation coefficient, and obtain the corrected attenuation coefficient. S513. Generate the predicted pressure decay curve based on the corrected attenuation coefficient and the first-order inertial hysteresis model. S514. Based on the pressure drop rate within the preset constant pressure holding time in the predicted pressure decay curve, calculate the required feedforward compensation flow rate value in conjunction with the gas state equation; where there is a leakage rate, the leakage rate is included as an additive term in the feedforward compensation flow rate value.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, this technology organically integrates the physical effects of temperature on carbon dioxide solubility with the historical usage characteristics of the water bottle, enabling the micro-gas replenishment compensation amount in the final stage to accurately match the actual pressure drop rate, effectively overcoming the problems of compensation lag or over-compensation caused by differences in ambient temperature or bottle aging.

[0021] In one possible implementation, step S54 specifically includes: S541. After inflation is completed, the usage data, including the cumulative inflation time, peak pressure and number of compensations, will be temporarily stored in the non-volatile memory of the base. S542. If the water bottle is detected to have not been removed and the system power supply is stable, activate the radio frequency identification to write the temporary data into the water bottle electronic tag. S543. Perform readback verification. If the verification fails, the data is stored in non-volatile memory and will be automatically retried for writing the next time the water bottle is connected.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, this technology effectively avoids the risk of incomplete writing or data loss of electronic tags due to users picking up the bottle midway or power fluctuations, ensuring the integrity and continuity of water bottle usage records.

[0023] In one possible implementation, step S54 further includes updating the personalized correction coefficient online: calculating the instantaneous deviation between the actual pressure change trajectory and the expected pressure trajectory curve and the cumulative deviation integral throughout the process in real time; after the inflation process is completed, adjusting and updating the personalized correction coefficient corresponding to the identification code according to the cumulative deviation integral with a preset step size.

[0024] Compared with existing technologies, by calculating the cumulative deviation between the actual pressure trajectory and the expected trajectory and automatically adjusting the correction factor bound to the bottle's identification with a preset step size after inflation, the system is endowed with the ability to autonomously learn and iteratively optimize parameters for long-term characteristics such as aging and seal decay of specific water bottles. This ensures the inflation control accuracy of the same water bottle after multiple uses, thereby continuously guaranteeing the consistency of the carbonated taste and the long-term stability of the equipment operation.

[0025] In one possible implementation, during the inflation process, when the electronically controlled proportional valve malfunctions and causes the air pressure to reach 105% to 115% of the rated pressure limit of the water bottle, a purely mechanical safety relief valve connected in series in the air circuit of the base is used to perform a physical release protection action.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, even in extreme conditions such as the electronically controlled proportional valve being stuck open due to a malfunction or the main controller program completely failing, the overpressure energy in the gas path can still be passively released through a purely mechanical structure. This fundamentally eliminates the risk of cylinder overpressure rupture caused by a single failure path of the electronic system, significantly improving the intrinsic safety level of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an overall flowchart of an intelligent electronically controlled aeration control method for a soda water machine according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of step S2 in the intelligent electronic control inflation control method for a soda water machine of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of step S3 in the intelligent electronic control inflation control method for a soda water machine according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of step S4 in the intelligent electronic control inflation control method for a soda water machine of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5This is a flowchart of step S5 in the intelligent electronic control inflation control method for a soda water machine of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] First, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely used to explain the technical principles of the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] See Figures 1-5 As shown in the illustration, this application discloses an intelligent electronically controlled gas filling method for a soda water machine, applicable to a soda water machine including a detachable water bottle and a base. The base houses a main controller (MCU), an electronically controlled proportional valve, a gas mass flow sensor, and an RFID reader / writer module; the water bottle body is embedded with an electronic tag and pressure and temperature sensors electrically connected to the electronic tag.

[0037] The main controller can be a 32-bit microcontroller based on the ARM Cortex-M4 core, which integrates a floating-point unit (FPU) and a digital signal processing (DSP) instruction set to meet the real-time requirements of cascaded PID control and signal filtering. In another low-cost alternative embodiment, the main controller can be a Cortex-M0+ core MCU. In this case, some computationally intensive tasks will be optimized using integer arithmetic and lookup table methods, which will be detailed later.

[0038] The following section provides further details on the implementation of each step of this method.

[0039] Step S1: Water Bottle Identification and Parameter Loading After the user installs the water bottle in the correct position on the base, the proximity switch or microswitch on the base triggers a wake-up signal, powering on and initializing the main controller. The main controller sends a query command to the water bottle's electronic tag via the RFID reader / writer module, reading the unique identifier (UID), bottle material code, rated volume, rated pressure limit, and factory-preset initial personalized correction coefficients from the tag's storage area. Simultaneously, a temperature sensor located inside the water bottle wirelessly transmits the initial temperature of the liquid inside. .

[0040] It should be noted that the personalized correction factor includes the boost rate correction factor. and final value pressure correction factor The initial value of this coefficient is 1.0. As the number of times the water bottle is used increases, the main controller will update this coefficient online based on the actual performance of each inflation process and write it back to the electronic tag, realizing personalized adaptive control for each bottle.

[0041] Step S2: Generate the desired pressure trajectory curve The main controller retrieves the corresponding control parameters from the parameter mapping table pre-stored in Flash memory based on the read bottle material code and beverage type code. Specifically, this includes the following steps: S21. Determine the maximum boost rate limit value Rmax for soft start based on the bottle material type.

[0042] For example, Rmax is set to 0.15 bar / s for glass, 0.35 bar / s for Tritan plastic, and 0.40 bar / s for stainless steel. This maximum pressure rate limit is used to protect brittle bottles from stress damage caused by sudden pressure increases.

[0043] S22. Determine the insertion position, pulse frequency, and duty cycle of the unloading pulse modulation command based on the beverage type code.

[0044] For example, if the beverage type is a sugary or highly viscous liquid (such as juice or sparkling wine), the inserted pulse frequency is 0.5 Hz and the duty cycle is 20%; if it is ordinary purified water, no pulse is inserted or only a detection pulse with a pulse frequency of 0.1 Hz is inserted.

[0045] S23. Determine the number of pressure steps and the target pressure value for each step based on the volume value V and the rated pressure limit value Plimit.

[0046] Preferably, the target final value pressure The pressure is divided into 4 to 6 levels. For example, for a water bottle with a rated pressure resistance of 800 kPa and a final pressure target of 550 kPa, the levels are: 100 kPa, 200 kPa, 350 kPa, 450 kPa, and 550 kPa.

[0047] S24. The maximum boost rate limit of soft start, unloading pulse modulation command and pressure step information are integrated into a continuous curve with time as the horizontal axis and pressure as the vertical axis, which is used as the desired pressure trajectory curve Pref(t) and stored in the memory buffer.

[0048] By setting different maximum pressure increase rate limits for soft start based on different bottle materials to protect the safety of brittle bottles, dynamically adjusting the parameters of the unloading pulse modulation command according to the type of beverage to effectively suppress foam interference during the aeration process of sugary and viscous liquids, and combining volume and pressure resistance limits to divide pressure steps to finely plan the pressure increase path, the desired pressure trajectory curve covering multiple constraints is finally integrated to generate a curve that ensures the safe operation of the equipment while significantly improving the adaptability of the aeration process to varying working conditions and the stability of the final carbonated beverage quality.

[0049] Step S3: Micro-disturbance inflation diagnosis and airtightness grading determination Before proceeding with high-flow inflation, a proactive airtightness check procedure is performed to prevent ineffective inflation and gas waste caused by improperly installed seals or cracked cylinders. This includes the following steps: S31. The main controller outputs a diagnostic drive signal with a very small duty cycle to control the electronically controlled proportional valve located in the base to open to a preset diagnostic opening degree (e.g., 3% of the maximum stroke of the electronically controlled proportional valve) for a preset diagnostic duration (e.g., 1.5 seconds) to inject a small amount of gas into the water bottle.

[0050] S32. The pressure sensor acquires multiple continuous values ​​reflecting the actual pressure inside the bottle at a preset sampling rate (e.g., 20Hz), constructs a feature vector, and transmits it back to the main controller of the base via a wireless radio frequency link.

[0051] To address potential momentary packet loss in wireless transmission due to metal shielding or vibration, this embodiment incorporates a "data validity monitoring and predictive interpolation fault-tolerant mechanism" at the main controller receiver. Specifically, if the main controller fails to receive a valid pressure update data packet for two consecutive sampling cycles, a fault-tolerant mode is triggered. The pressure feedback value is paused, and instead, the current virtual pressure value is calculated using the pressure value from the previous valid moment combined with a predicted rate of change based on a first-order inertial element as temporary feedback. Simultaneously, the weighting coefficient of the inner flow loop is reduced. Once the wireless signal recovers, the system switches back to the measured value. This mechanism effectively prevents control instability caused by wireless communication jitter.

[0052] In this step, the instantaneous mass flow rate fed back by the gas mass flow sensor at the diagnostic opening is recorded. and the rate of pressure rise fed back by the pressure sensor .

[0053] S33. Input the feature vector into the preset classification model and output the airtightness status classification result.

[0054] To save computational resources, this embodiment does not use a complex floating-point neural network for its classification model. Instead, it employs a fast classifier based on piecewise linear fitting and threshold lookup. Specifically, it extracts the following two key time-domain features: Feature value F1: Pressure value Pdiag(0.5s) at 0.5 seconds within the diagnostic time.

[0055] Characteristic value F2: The absolute value of the maximum slope of the pressure rise curve during the diagnostic time, dP / dtmax.

[0056] The classification logic is stored in the MCU's read-only memory using a lookup table, with the following correspondence: If Pdiag(0.5s) < 12kPa, the airtightness is determined to be a serious leak. The main controller will immediately close the electronically controlled proportional valve and output an alarm prompt through the buzzer and LED indicator, prompting the user to check the bottle mouth sealing ring.

[0057] If 12kPa≤Pdiag(0.5s)<30kPa and dP / dtmax<45kPa / s, the airtightness is determined to be a compensable micro-leakage state. The leakage rate is calculated, and the system enters S4 only when the leakage rate is less than the system's maximum air replenishment capacity threshold. At the same time, a maintenance prompt of "Recommended maintenance of the sealing ring" is output.

[0058] If Pdiag(0.5s)≥30kPa or dP / dtmax≥45kPa / s, it is determined to be a normal state and directly enters S4.

[0059] By proactively injecting a small amount of gas before formal inflation and performing airtightness classification based on wirelessly collected feature vectors, it can not only accurately identify serious leaks before inflation to ensure safety by immediately shutting down the machine, but also assess the leakage rate when a compensable micro-leak is identified, allowing conditional continued operation while outputting maintenance prompts. This significantly reduces the probability of ineffective shutdowns due to minor sealing defects while avoiding gas waste and equipment damage, thus improving the equipment's fault tolerance and user experience.

[0060] In this step, the gap volume is also derived using the differential form of the ideal gas law: ; in, The instantaneous mass flow rate is fed back from the gas mass flow sensor. The gas constant is The initial temperature of the liquid. is the molar mass of carbon dioxide.

[0061] Step S4: Cascade closed-loop inflation and pulse modulation based on the desired pressure trajectory This step employs a cascaded PID control architecture consisting of an outer pressure loop and an inner flow loop to achieve precise regulation of the inflation process.

[0062] S41. The main controller discretizes the continuous desired pressure trajectory curve Pref(t) generated in step S2 into multiple consecutive pressure step target values ​​along the time axis.

[0063] S42. In the outer pressure loop, calculate the deviation ep between the actual pressure feedback value Pactual and the current pressure step target value Pstep. Perform PID calculation on ep and adjust the pressure rise rate correction factor according to the personalized correction coefficient. Adjust the weights of the integral term. The output of the outer pressure loop is used as the given value Qset for the inner flow loop.

[0064] S43. In the inner flow loop, a gas mass flow sensor is installed on the downstream gas line of the electronically controlled proportional valve to provide real-time feedback of the instantaneous flow value Qactual. The inner flow loop performs PID calculations based on the deviation between Qset and Qeffective, outputting a PWM duty cycle signal to drive the electronically controlled proportional valve. At the moment of outputting the instantaneous zero-reset pulse, the integral term is simultaneously cleared to prevent pressure overshoot caused by integral saturation.

[0065] To overcome the zero drift and spike noise problems of gas mass flow sensors under pulsating airflow, this embodiment embeds a "digital filtering and dynamic zero-point recalibration module for pulsating airflow" in the feedback loop of the inner flow loop. This module specifically performs the following operations: (1) Notch filtering: For the periodic flow pulsation generated by the unloading pulse modulation command, before calculating the flow deviation signal, a moving average filter is applied to Qactual. The filter window width is equal to an integer multiple of the pulse period, thereby suppressing periodic interference at a specific frequency.

[0066] (2) Dynamic Zero-Point Recalibration: At the beginning of the constant pressure monitoring period in step S51 (when the electronically controlled proportional valve command is zero and the gas path is in a closed pressure-maintaining state), the main controller reads the flow sensor ADC sampling values ​​for 100ms continuously and calculates their arithmetic mean as the flow zero-point reference value Qzero under the current operating condition. In the subsequent micro-gas replenishment stage, the effective flow value is calculated as Qeffective = Qactual - Qzero. If the absolute value of Qeffective is detected to continuously exceed 2% of the full scale when the electronically controlled proportional valve is closed, the sensor is judged to be abnormal and calibration is prompted.

[0067] In addition, this step also includes pressure ramp rate clamping control: during the process of ramping up the pressure to the target value of each pressure step, if the inner flow loop detects that the instantaneous flow rate change rate dQ / dt exceeds the preset pressure ramp rate upper limit value corresponding to the current pressure step, the PID calculation output will be bypassed and instead output a control signal that limits the increase of the opening of the electronically controlled proportional valve, thereby suppressing pressure overshoot.

[0068] S44. During inflation, the main controller responds to the unloading pulse modulation command by superimposing an instantaneous zero-reset pulse into the flow setpoint Qset, driving the electronically controlled proportional valve to quickly and briefly close and then reopen, thereby generating a pulsating airflow in the gas path. This pulsating airflow can effectively break up surface foam and accelerate carbon dioxide dissolution.

[0069] Step S5: Final Pressure Micro-compensation and Data Security Writeback S51. Determine whether the actual pressure inside the bottle, Pactual, has reached the final target defined by the desired pressure trajectory curve. If the inflation is not complete, return to S4 to continue inflation.

[0070] If the target is reached, a constant pressure monitoring period begins. A predicted pressure decay curve is generated based on the initial temperature of the liquid inside the bottle and a personalized correction coefficient. The feedforward compensation flow rate required to maintain the final pressure target is then calculated based on this curve. The carbon dioxide dissolution decay characteristic is characterized by the temperature-solubility decay coefficient. This characteristic refers to the physical property of the natural pressure drop inside the bottle caused by carbon dioxide entering the liquid at specific temperatures and pressures. In this embodiment, this physical property is defined by the personalized correction coefficient (including the final pressure correction factor) read from the electronic tag and a pre-stored temperature-solubility decay coefficient mapping table.

[0071] Specifically: First, based on the initial temperature of the liquid inside the bottle... Query the pre-stored temperature-solubility decay coefficient mapping table to obtain the baseline decay coefficient. This reflects the dissolution rate under standard conditions; the final pressure correction factor is used. The attenuation coefficient is obtained after correction. Final value pressure correction factor Historical usage data is used for iterative updates to compensate for the impact of bottle aging or minor wear of the sealing ring on the dissolution trajectory; a predicted pressure decay curve is generated based on a first-order inertial hysteresis model. The feedforward compensation flow rate required to maintain the final value target is calculated accordingly; where leakage rate is included as an additive term in the feedforward compensation flow rate when leakage rate exists.

[0072] ; in, The preset final gas-liquid equilibrium pressure, The final value target defined for the desired pressure trajectory curve. This refers to the duration of the time taken after entering the constant pressure holding period.

[0073] ; in, Here is the molar mass of carbon dioxide. This is the headspace volume inside the bottle. The gas constant is The initial temperature of the liquid. The slope of the natural drop over time represents the pressure inside the bottle.

[0074] S52 drives the electronically controlled proportional valve to perform a micro-air replenishment action in a preset high-frequency low duty cycle mode (e.g., frequency 20Hz, single conduction width 5ms) until the feedforward compensation flow value is reached, thereby achieving precise compensation for pressure attenuation.

[0075] S53. Monitor the fluctuation range of the actual pressure inside the bottle within a preset constant pressure holding time (e.g., 10 seconds).

[0076] If the fluctuation amplitude is less than the preset stable bandwidth (±3kPa) for 5 consecutive cycles, the inflation is determined to be complete and the electronically controlled proportional valve is closed; if the compensation phase lasts for more than the preset maximum compensation time limit (e.g., 30 seconds) and still cannot be stabilized, the system is determined to be abnormal and a prompt is output.

[0077] S54. After inflation is complete, the usage data (including cumulative inflation time, peak pressure, number of compensations, and updated personalized correction coefficients) is temporarily stored in the non-volatile memory of the base. If the water bottle is not removed and the system power supply is stable, the RFID writing sequence is initiated to write the temporarily stored data to the water bottle's electronic tag. After writing, a readback verification is performed. If the verification fails, the data is retained in the non-volatile memory and automatically retried for writing the next time the water bottle is connected, thus ensuring the integrity and continuity of the data in the bottle's electronic tag.

[0078] By predicting the attenuation curve based on liquid temperature and personalized coefficient after reaching the final pressure and implementing high-frequency, low-duty-cycle micro-gas replenishment in a feedforward manner, the pressure drop caused by carbon dioxide dissolution is accurately compensated, achieving stable locking and fluctuation-free determination at the end of the inflation phase. At the same time, the data used is completely written back to form a closed-loop record.

[0079] As a further optimization, this step also involves online updates of the personalized correction coefficients: The main controller calculates in real time the instantaneous deviation between the actual pressure change trajectory Pactual(t) and the desired pressure trajectory curve Pref(t) and the cumulative deviation integral throughout the process; After the inflation process is completed, based on the cumulative deviation integral characteristic, the personalized correction coefficient corresponding to the identification code is adjusted and updated with a preset step size (e.g., 0.01). and The data is then written into an electronic tag to complete the adaptive iteration of "one charge, one learn".

[0080] By discretizing the desired pressure trajectory into pressure steps and employing cascaded PID collaborative control consisting of an outer pressure loop and an inner flow loop, combined with a personalized boost rate correction factor to dynamically optimize integral weights, forcibly clearing the integral term of the inner flow loop during unloading pulse modulation commands to prevent integral saturation, and actively introducing pulsating airflow using instantaneous zero-reset pulses, this method achieves precise step-by-step boosting, effectively suppresses pressure overshoot and oscillation, accelerates carbon dioxide dissolution and reduces foam interference through pulsating disturbances, significantly improving the control stability, dynamic response quality, and consistency of the final carbonation effect during the inflation process.

[0081] Furthermore, the base gas circuit of the soda maker is also equipped with a purely mechanical safety relief valve that is independent of the electronic control system. The opening threshold of the safety relief valve is set to 105% to 115% of the rated pressure limit of the water bottle. It is used to provide physical relief protection when the electronic proportional valve fails to control or the main controller malfunctions, causing overpressure in the gas circuit.

[0082] Even in extreme conditions where the electronically controlled proportional valve is stuck open due to a malfunction or the main controller program fails completely, the overpressure energy in the gas path can still be passively released through a purely mechanical structure. This fundamentally eliminates the risk of cylinder overpressure rupture caused by a single failure path of the electronic system, significantly improving the inherent safety level of the equipment.

[0083] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer" and other terms indicating direction or positional relationship are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0084] In the description of this application, the references to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "in this embodiment," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0085] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A smart electronically controlled aeration control method for a soda water machine, applied to a soda water machine including a detachable water bottle and a base, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. After the water bottle is installed in place, read the electronic tag of the water bottle to obtain the identification code and the initial temperature of the liquid inside the bottle, and retrieve the pre-stored parameters including the bottle material type, volume value, rated pressure limit value and preset beverage type code, as well as the personalized correction coefficient including the pressure rise rate correction factor and the final pressure correction factor. S2. Generate a desired pressure trajectory curve based on pre-stored parameters, including a soft-start pressure boost rate limit set according to the bottle material and an unloading pulse modulation command embedded according to the beverage type code. S3. Before formal inflation, perform micro-perturbation inflation diagnosis and determine the airtightness level based on the pressure response characteristic vector inside the bottle. Proceed to the next step only if the airtightness condition is met; otherwise, stop inflation. S4. Perform closed-loop inflation based on the desired pressure trajectory curve, using cascade PID control consisting of an outer pressure loop and an inner flow loop, stepwise pressurization based on the pressure steps discretized according to the desired pressure trajectory curve, and synchronously perform pulsed airflow modulation during inflation. S5. After the pressure inside the bottle reaches the final value target of the desired pressure trajectory curve, a feedforward compensation signal is generated based on the liquid temperature and carbon dioxide dissolution decay characteristics to perform micro-gas replenishment until the pressure fluctuation stabilizes within the preset range, and the usage data is written to the electronic tag.

2. The intelligent electronically controlled aeration control method for a soda water machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: S21. Determine the maximum pressure rise rate limit for soft start based on the bottle material type, wherein the maximum pressure rise rate limit for glass material is less than the maximum pressure rise rate limit for metal or plastic material. S22. Determine the insertion position, pulse frequency, and duty cycle of the unloading pulse modulation command based on the beverage type code, wherein the pulse frequency corresponding to the sugary or high-viscosity beverage type code is higher than the pulse frequency corresponding to the ordinary beverage type code. S23. Determine the number of pressure steps and the target pressure value for each step based on the volume value and the rated pressure limit value; S24. Integrate the maximum boost rate limit of soft start, unloading pulse modulation command and pressure step information into a pressure-time curve as the desired pressure trajectory curve.

3. The intelligent electronically controlled aeration control method for a soda water machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes: S31. Control the electronically controlled proportional valve located in the base to open the preset diagnostic opening degree and continue for the preset diagnostic time to inject a small amount of gas into the water bottle. S32. Multiple continuous values ​​reflecting the actual pressure inside the bottle are obtained wirelessly by a pressure sensor installed inside the water bottle, and a feature vector is constructed. S33. Input the feature vector into the preset classification model and output the airtightness status classification result; If the classification result indicates a severe leak, the electronically controlled proportional valve will be shut down and an alarm will be triggered. If the classification result is a compensable micro-leakage state, the leakage rate is calculated. Only when the leakage rate is less than the system's maximum gas replenishment capacity threshold, the system enters S4 and outputs a maintenance prompt; otherwise, the electronically controlled proportional valve is closed and an alarm prompt is output. If the classification result is normal, proceed to S4.

4. The intelligent electronically controlled aeration control method for a soda water machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S4 specifically includes: S41. Discretize the desired pressure trajectory curve into multiple consecutive pressure step target values; S42. Calculate the deviation signal between the actual pressure feedback value inside the bottle and the current pressure step target value, perform proportional, integral, and differential operations on the deviation signal, adjust the weight of the integral term according to the pressure rise rate correction factor in the personalized correction coefficient, and output the flow setpoint as the flow inner loop setpoint. S43. Calculate the deviation signal between the instantaneous flow value and the flow set value fed back by the gas mass flow sensor installed at the back end of the electronically controlled proportional valve. Perform proportional, integral, and derivative operations on the deviation signal, output the valve opening control signal for driving the electronically controlled proportional valve, and simultaneously clear the integral term to zero at the moment of outputting the instantaneous zero-return pulse. S44. In response to the unloading pulse modulation command during the inflation process, an instantaneous zero-reset pulse is superimposed on the flow rate setpoint to drive the electronically controlled proportional valve to generate pulsating airflow.

5. The intelligent electronically controlled aeration control method for a soda water machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S43 also includes boost rate clamping control: During the process of increasing the pressure to the target value of each pressure step, if the instantaneous flow rate change rate is detected to exceed the preset pressure increase rate upper limit value corresponding to the current pressure step, a control signal is output to limit the increase of the opening of the electronically controlled proportional valve to suppress pressure overshoot.

6. The intelligent electronically controlled aeration control method for a soda water machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S5 specifically includes: S51. Determine whether the actual pressure inside the bottle has reached the final target defined by the expected pressure trajectory curve. If yes, then enter the constant pressure monitoring period, generate a predicted pressure decay curve based on the initial temperature of the liquid in the bottle and the personalized correction coefficient, and calculate the feedforward compensation flow rate required to maintain the final value target based on the predicted pressure decay curve; otherwise, return to S4. S52, drive the electronically controlled proportional valve to perform the air replenishment action in the preset mode until the feedforward compensation flow value is reached; S53. Monitor the fluctuation range of the actual pressure inside the bottle within the preset constant pressure holding time; If the fluctuation amplitude is less than the preset range for several consecutive cycles, inflation is determined to be complete and the electronically controlled proportional valve is closed; otherwise, an abnormality is determined and a prompt is output. S54. Write the usage data for this transaction into the electronic tag.

7. The intelligent electronically controlled aeration control method for a soda water machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide dissolution decay characteristics are characterized by the temperature-solubility decay coefficient. In step S51, a predicted pressure decay curve is generated based on the initial temperature of the liquid in the bottle and a personalized correction coefficient. The feedforward compensation flow rate required to maintain the final value target is calculated based on this predicted pressure decay curve. Specifically, this includes: S511. Based on the initial temperature of the liquid in the bottle, query the pre-stored temperature-solubility decay coefficient mapping table to obtain the reference decay coefficient corresponding to the current temperature. S512. Use the final value pressure correction factor in the personalized correction coefficient to correct the reference attenuation coefficient, and obtain the corrected attenuation coefficient. S513. Generate the predicted pressure decay curve based on the corrected attenuation coefficient and the first-order inertial hysteresis model. S514. Based on the pressure drop rate within the preset constant pressure holding time in the predicted pressure decay curve, calculate the required feedforward compensation flow rate value in conjunction with the gas state equation; where there is a leakage rate, the leakage rate is included as an additive term in the feedforward compensation flow rate value.

8. The intelligent electronically controlled aeration control method for a soda water machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S54 specifically includes: S541. After inflation is completed, the usage data, including the cumulative inflation time, peak pressure and number of compensations, will be temporarily stored in the non-volatile memory of the base. S542. If the water bottle is detected to have not been removed and the system power supply is stable, activate the radio frequency identification to write the temporary data into the water bottle electronic tag. S543. Perform readback verification. If the verification fails, the data is stored in non-volatile memory and will be automatically retried for writing the next time the water bottle is connected.

9. The intelligent electronically controlled aeration control method for a soda water machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S54 also includes updating the personalized correction coefficients online: Real-time calculation of the instantaneous deviation between the actual pressure change trajectory and the expected pressure trajectory curve, and the cumulative deviation integral over the entire process; After the inflation process is completed, the personalized correction coefficient corresponding to the identification code is adjusted and updated according to the cumulative deviation integral with a preset step size.

10. The intelligent electronically controlled aeration control method for a soda water machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, During inflation, if the electronically controlled proportional valve malfunctions and the air pressure reaches 105% to 115% of the rated pressure limit of the water bottle, a physical release protection action is performed using a purely mechanical safety relief valve connected in series in the air circuit of the base.

Images