A jet flow displacement mining parameter self-adaptive optimization method based on downhole working condition feedback

Abstract

The application discloses a jet flow drainage parameter self-adaptive optimization method based on downhole working condition feedback, relates to the technical field of downhole drainage and intelligent control, and comprises the following steps: establishing an initial parameter set of jet flow drainage according to working condition information of a target well, and taking the initial parameter set as a current parameter set for first drainage adjustment; the initial parameter set comprises a nozzle opening degree parameter, a throat pipe matching parameter, a power fluid displacement parameter, a power fluid pressure parameter and a temperature regulation parameter; collecting working condition data of a wellhead and downhole in real time during jet flow drainage of the well; calculating drainage efficiency indexes, plugging risk indexes, erosion risk indexes and scaling risk indexes according to the working condition data, and identifying the state of current jet flow drainage to obtain a state identification result. The application can self-adaptively adjust the jet flow drainage parameters through feedback of the wellhead and downhole working condition data, so that the drainage parameters can be more timely matched with downhole dynamic working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of downhole drainage and intelligent control technology, and in particular to an adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback. Background Technology

[0002] In the development of oil and gas wells, especially in wells with low permeability, low pressure, easy fluid accumulation, or insufficient self-flowing capacity, jet drainage technology is often used to lift wellbore fluid and increase production. Jet drainage technology typically uses a power fluid to form a high-speed jet within a downhole jet pump assembly, driving the produced fluid from the wellbore to the surface. It features relatively simple downhole structure, strong adaptability, and suitability for complex well conditions, making it highly valuable in the field of downhole drainage in oil and gas wells. As oil and gas well development enters the middle and late stages, downhole pressure, sand content, fluid composition, temperature, and produced fluid flow rate will change with the production process. The operating parameters of the jet drainage process, such as nozzle opening, throat matching, power fluid discharge rate, power fluid pressure, and temperature control, also need to be adapted to the actual downhole conditions.

[0003] However, existing methods have some shortcomings. In current jet drainage processes, nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters are mostly determined based on experience before operation. During drainage, it is usually difficult to adjust them in a timely manner according to changes in downhole sand content, produced fluid flow rate, and local pressure difference, which can easily lead to blockage of the internal flow channels of the jet pump assembly and reduce drainage efficiency. The power fluid discharge rate and power fluid pressure parameters are mostly operated using preset values, lacking a mechanism for real-time correction based on changes in downhole pressure, power fluid velocity, and sand content, which can easily cause erosion and wear of the internal flow structure of the jet pump assembly. Temperature control parameters, power fluid discharge rate parameters, and backflushing control parameters usually lack adjustment rules that match downhole temperature, fluid salinity, water cut, and residence time, which can easily lead to scaling or deposition in the downhole flow channels. At the same time, the adjustment of existing jet drainage parameters mostly relies on manual experience and judgment, and there is a lack of a linkage optimization mechanism based on downhole operating condition feedback between various operating parameters, resulting in parameter adjustment lag and difficulty in responding to dynamic downhole operating conditions in a timely manner. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides an adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback to solve the problems that existing jet drainage parameters mainly rely on experience setting, are difficult to adjust in a timely manner according to dynamic changes in downhole operating conditions, and are difficult to simultaneously take into account drainage efficiency, blockage risk, erosion risk and scaling risk.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides an adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback. The method includes: establishing an initial parameter set for jet drainage based on the operating condition information of the target well, and using this initial parameter set as the current parameter set for the first drainage adjustment. The initial parameter set includes nozzle opening parameters, throat matching parameters, power fluid discharge parameters, power fluid pressure parameters, and temperature control parameters; real-time acquisition of operating condition data at the wellhead and downhole during downhole jet drainage; calculation of drainage efficiency indicators, blockage risk indicators, erosion risk indicators, and scaling risk indicators based on the operating condition data; and performing state identification on the current jet drainage operating condition to obtain the state identification result; and then, based on the state... The identification results categorize the current jet drainage operation into one of the following: normal drainage, clogging tendency, erosion tendency, scaling tendency, or a combination of abnormal conditions. Based on the type of the current jet drainage operation, the current parameter set is adaptively adjusted to obtain an updated parameter set. Specifically, when the current jet drainage operation is normal and the drainage efficiency index meets the target, the current parameter set is maintained. When the current jet drainage operation is normal but the drainage efficiency index does not meet the target, the power fluid displacement and power fluid pressure parameters are increased. When the current jet drainage operation is clogging tendency, the power fluid displacement and power fluid pressure parameters are increased. Parameters are adjusted, and the operating parameters of the jet pump assembly are adjusted accordingly. When the current jet drainage condition is an erosion-prone condition, the power fluid discharge rate and power fluid pressure parameters are reduced, and the operating parameters of the jet pump assembly are adjusted accordingly. When the current jet drainage condition is a scaling-prone condition, the temperature control parameters and power fluid discharge rate parameters are adjusted accordingly, and a backwashing process is executed when the scaling risk index is greater than or equal to the scaling risk threshold for at least three consecutive sampling cycles. When the current jet drainage condition is a complex abnormal condition, the risk level values ​​are determined based on the degree to which the blockage risk index, erosion risk index, and scaling risk index exceed the corresponding risk threshold, and the current parameters are adjusted in stages from high to low according to the risk level values. When the risk level values ​​of the parameter sets are the same, they are processed in the order of erosion risk index, blockage risk index, and scaling risk index. When the parameter adjustment directions conflict, the adjustment direction corresponding to the priority risk is executed in this stage. The updated parameter set is sent to the jet drainage execution unit, and the operating condition data is re-collected after the updated parameter set is executed. An evaluation result is formed based on the re-collected operating condition data. If the evaluation result does not meet the preset optimization target, the updated parameter set is used as the current parameter set for the next round of drainage adjustment, and the process returns to the step of re-collecting operating condition data. When the evaluation result meets the preset optimization target, the corresponding updated parameter set is determined as the target parameter set and output.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback described in this invention, the operating condition information includes well depth, wellbore structure, target formation pressure, formation temperature, fluid viscosity, gas-liquid ratio, sand content, scaling tendency, target production rate, and historical production data.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole working condition feedback described in this invention, the downhole jet drainage process is implemented based on a ground control terminal 1, a data acquisition module 2, a wellhead sensor group 3, a downhole sensor group 4, a jet pump assembly 5, a temperature control unit 6, a control execution unit 7, and a casing 8. The wellhead sensor group 3 and the downhole sensor group 4 collect operating condition data and upload them to the data acquisition module 2; The data acquisition module 2 transmits the operating condition data to the ground control terminal 1 for processing and analysis. The jet pump assembly 5 is disposed inside the sleeve 8; The ground control terminal 1 generates an updated parameter set based on the status identification result, and adjusts the operating parameters of the jet pump assembly 5 through the control execution unit 7, and adjusts the temperature control parameters through the temperature control unit 6. When the scaling risk index is greater than or equal to the scaling risk threshold for at least three consecutive sampling periods, the backflushing process is executed.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole working condition feedback described in this invention, the drainage efficiency index is the drainage capacity index under the current parameter conditions. The blockage risk indicator is a risk indicator of blockage in the internal flow channel of the jet pump assembly; The erosion risk index is the risk index of wear caused by high-speed flowing and sand-containing fluids on the internal flow structure of the jet pump assembly. The scaling risk index is a risk indicator of scaling and deposition occurring under the current temperature, pressure, and fluid composition conditions.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole working condition feedback described in this invention, the drainage efficiency index is obtained by weighted calculation of the ratio between the produced fluid flow rate and the power fluid discharge rate, and the ratio between the produced fluid flow rate and the product of the power fluid pressure and the power fluid discharge rate. The blockage risk index is calculated by weighting the pressure difference change rate before and after the nozzle, the fluctuation rate of the output liquid flow rate, and the sand content of the output liquid. The erosion risk index is calculated by weighting the dynamic fluid flow rate, the pressure difference between the dynamic fluid pressure and the downhole pressure, the sand content of the produced fluid, and the running time. The scaling risk index is calculated by weighting temperature change, fluid mineralization, effluent water content and residence time. Among them, the parameters involved in the weighted calculation are normalized before being used in the calculation of the corresponding indicators, and the weight coefficients of each item meet the normalization conditions.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback described in this invention, the specific steps for adaptively adjusting the current parameter set according to the type of current jet drainage operating condition are as follows: Based on the deviation of the drainage efficiency index from the drainage efficiency target, the degree of exceeding the limit of the blockage risk index relative to the blockage risk threshold, the degree of exceeding the limit of the erosion risk index relative to the erosion risk threshold, and the degree of exceeding the limit of the scaling risk index relative to the scaling risk threshold, the drainage efficiency adjustment coefficient, the blockage risk adjustment coefficient, the erosion risk adjustment coefficient, and the scaling risk adjustment coefficient are determined respectively. The adjustment amounts of the power fluid displacement parameters, power fluid pressure parameters, and temperature control parameters are generated based on the corresponding adjustment coefficients, and the adjusted power fluid displacement parameters and power fluid pressure parameters are limited to the allowable operating range of the jet pump assembly. Among them, the adjusted power fluid displacement parameters and power fluid pressure parameters under erosion tendency conditions shall not be lower than the minimum displacement and minimum pressure required to maintain continuous operation of jet drainage. Under conditions where scaling is likely, the adjustment amounts of temperature control parameters and power fluid discharge parameters are determined simultaneously based on the scaling risk adjustment coefficient. When the jet pump assembly has an online adjustable structure, the nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters are used as the operating parameters of the jet pump assembly to participate in this round of online adjustment; When the jet pump assembly does not have an online adjustable structure, the nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters are used as the basis for selecting structural parameters when performing subsequent operations or replacing the jet pump assembly.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback described in this invention, the evaluation results include the increase in produced fluid, the duration of stable drainage, unit energy consumption, the decrease in blockage risk, the decrease in erosion risk, and the decrease in scaling risk.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback described in this invention, the specific steps for forming an evaluation result based on the re-acquired operating condition data are as follows: The increase in output flow rate is determined by comparing the output flow rate after parameter update with the output flow rate before parameter update. The unit energy consumption is determined by the ratio of the product of the power fluid pressure and the power fluid displacement to the output fluid flow rate. Based on the blockage risk index, erosion risk index, and scaling risk index before and after the parameter update, determine the reduction rate of blockage risk, erosion risk, and scaling risk, respectively. The operating time during which the parameters are continuously updated and the blockage risk index, erosion risk index, and scaling risk index are all below the corresponding risk thresholds, and the fluctuation rate of the produced liquid flow rate is below the preset fluctuation threshold, is determined as the stable discharge time.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback described in this invention, the composite abnormal operating condition refers to an operating condition in which two or more of the following indicators—blockage risk indicator, erosion risk indicator, and scaling risk indicator—are greater than or equal to the corresponding risk threshold.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole working condition feedback described in this invention, the target parameter set is screened according to the evaluation results. When the production fluid increase, drainage stability time, unit energy consumption, blockage risk reduction, erosion risk reduction and scaling risk reduction in the evaluation results meet the preset optimization targets, the updated parameter set obtained in this round is determined as the target parameter set. When multiple sets of updated parameters meet the preset optimization objectives, the set of updated parameters with the lowest unit energy consumption and the lowest blockage risk index, erosion risk index, and scaling risk index is determined as the target parameter set. When the jet pump assembly does not have a structure for online adjustment of nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters, the nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters in the target parameter set are used for subsequent operation and structural parameter selection when replacing the jet pump assembly.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By using feedback data from wellhead and downhole operating conditions, combined with the identification results of drainage efficiency, blockage risk, erosion risk, and scaling risk, the jet drainage parameters are adaptively adjusted, enabling the drainage parameters to match the dynamic downhole operating conditions more promptly and reducing the lag and deviation caused by manual experience-based parameter adjustment. Simultaneously, it allows for early intervention during the formation of abnormal trends such as blockage, erosion, and scaling, reducing the probability of blockage in the internal flow channels of the jet pump assembly, wear of the flow structure, and scaling deposition, thereby improving drainage continuity and operational stability. Furthermore, by evaluating and continuously optimizing the adjusted drainage effect, it can also improve the production fluid drainage efficiency, reduce unit energy consumption, and extend the effective operating time of the downhole jet pump assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1This is a flowchart of an adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback.

[0019] Figure 2 A simplified schematic diagram of the principle of downhole jet drainage.

[0020] Figure 3 Logic diagram for operating condition identification and parameter adjustment.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the relationship between the data collection and operation conditions.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of indicator calculation and state recognition.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the linkage between working condition division and parameter adaptive adjustment.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Ground control terminal; 2. Data acquisition module; 3. Wellhead sensor group; 4. Downhole sensor group; 5. Jet pump assembly; 6. Temperature control unit; 7. Control execution unit; 8. Casing. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0028] Reference Figures 1-6 This is one embodiment of the present invention, which provides an adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback, comprising the following steps: The jet pumping execution unit in this embodiment includes a control execution unit 7, a temperature control unit 6, and an execution mechanism related to the adjustment of the operating parameters of the jet pump assembly 5. The control execution unit 7 is used to receive the updated parameter set sent by the ground control terminal 1 and drive the jet pump assembly 5 to operate according to the updated parameter set. The temperature control unit 6 is used to adjust according to the temperature control parameters in the updated parameter set.

[0029] S1. Establish the initial parameter set for jet drainage based on the operating information of the target well, and use the initial parameter set as the current parameter set for the first drainage adjustment.

[0030] It should be noted that the operating condition information can be obtained from the target well design data, well completion data, historical production data, field test data, and production data from adjacent wells; the surface control terminal determines the initial power fluid discharge parameters and power fluid pressure parameters based on the target production, target formation pressure, formation temperature, wellbore structure, and historical drainage data; it determines the nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters based on the wellbore structure, jet pump assembly structural dimensions, and target production; and it determines the temperature control parameters based on the formation temperature, produced fluid water content, and scaling tendency, thereby forming the initial parameter set used for the first drainage adjustment.

[0031] The initial parameter set includes nozzle opening parameters, throat matching parameters, power fluid displacement parameters, power fluid pressure parameters, and temperature control parameters.

[0032] Operating information includes well depth, wellbore structure, target formation pressure, formation temperature, fluid viscosity, gas-liquid ratio, sand content, scaling tendency, target production rate, and historical production data.

[0033] The initial parameter set serves as the current parameter set for the initial drainage adjustment and participates in subsequent downhole jet drainage processes.

[0034] S2. Real-time acquisition of wellhead and downhole operating data during the downhole jet drainage process.

[0035] It should be noted that during the downhole jet drainage process, wellhead sensor group 3 and downhole sensor group 4 respectively collect operating condition data at the wellhead and downhole. The operating condition data includes wellhead pressure, wellhead temperature, oil casing pressure difference, power fluid pressure, power fluid discharge rate, produced fluid flow rate, produced fluid sand content, produced fluid water content, fluid salinity, downhole temperature, downhole pressure, pressure before and after the nozzle, and running time data.

[0036] Wellhead sensor group 3 includes a wellhead pressure sensor, a wellhead temperature sensor, an oil pressure sensor, a casing pressure sensor, a power hydraulic pressure sensor, a power hydraulic flow meter, a produced fluid flow meter, a sand content detection sensor, a water cut detection sensor, and a salinity detection unit. The wellhead pressure is collected by the wellhead pressure sensor, the wellhead temperature is collected by the wellhead temperature sensor, the oil-casing pressure difference is calculated from the data collected by the oil pressure sensor and the casing pressure sensor, the power hydraulic pressure is collected by the power hydraulic pressure sensor, the power hydraulic discharge rate is collected by the power hydraulic flow meter, the produced fluid flow rate is collected by the produced fluid flow meter, the produced fluid sand content is collected by the sand content detection sensor, the produced fluid water cut is collected by the water cut detection sensor, and the fluid salinity is obtained by the salinity detection unit.

[0037] The downhole sensor group 4 includes a downhole temperature sensor, a downhole pressure sensor, and a pressure detection unit installed at the inlet of the jet pump assembly 5, the nozzle outlet, and the throat inlet. The downhole temperature is collected by the downhole temperature sensor, the downhole pressure is collected by the downhole pressure sensor, and the pressure before and after the nozzle is collected by the pressure detection unit. The above operating data are uploaded to the ground control terminal 1 for processing and analysis via the data acquisition module 2.

[0038] Among them, wellhead pressure and casing pressure differential are used to verify whether the changes in wellbore flow resistance and wellhead operating conditions are consistent with the trend of downhole pressure changes; when the trends of wellhead pressure, casing pressure differential and downhole pressure are inconsistent, the ground control terminal marks the corresponding sampling period as data to be verified, and performs status identification by combining data from adjacent sampling periods; wellhead temperature and downhole temperature are used together to determine the amount of temperature change, and serve as calculation parameters for scaling risk indicators.

[0039] Fluid mineralization is obtained by a mineralization detection unit, which includes a conductivity sensor and a total dissolved solids analyzer. Ground control terminal 1 calculates the fluid mineralization based on the conductivity of the produced liquid and the temperature compensation coefficient. The calculation formula is: ; in, Indicates fluid mineralization; This indicates the conductivity of the output liquid after temperature compensation; This represents the conversion factor between the conductivity of the produced fluid and the salinity of the fluid, which is calibrated based on the fluid sampling and testing data from the target well.

[0040] Specifically, samples are taken from the produced fluid of the target well, and the actual salinity and corresponding conductivity of the samples are measured. A conversion factor is determined based on the relationship between salinity and conductivity under the same temperature conditions. When there are multiple sets of sample data, the average value of the conversion results is taken as the conversion factor for the target well. For example, when the salinity and conductivity of the produced fluid of the target well are approximately linearly related, the conversion factor can be taken as 0.5 to 0.8, and the specific value is determined based on the sampling and testing calibration results.

[0041] The runtime data includes sampling time, sampling period, and continuous operating time of the jet pump assembly. This runtime data is used to determine the statistical time window for the produced fluid flow rate. The ground control terminal calculates the residence time of the fluid in the wellbore and inside the jet pump assembly based on the produced fluid flow rate within the statistical time window. The calculation formula is as follows: ; in, Indicates the duration of stay; Indicates the effective volume of the wellbore that participates in the flow; This indicates the effective volume of the internal flow channel of the jet pump assembly 5; The average output flow rate is represented by the statistical time window determined by the running time data; residence time is used as a calculation parameter for the scaling risk index; the continuous running time of the jet pump assembly is the cumulative running time of the jet pump assembly from the start of operation to the current sampling time, and is used as a calculation parameter for the erosion risk index.

[0042] In this embodiment, the nozzle opening parameter, throat matching parameter, power fluid discharge parameter, power fluid pressure parameter, and temperature control parameter in the current parameter set are control setpoints; the power fluid discharge, power fluid pressure, wellhead temperature, downhole temperature, produced fluid flow rate, produced fluid sand content, produced fluid water content, fluid salinity, and pressure before and after the nozzle in the operating data are actual operating feedback values ​​obtained in real time or calculated; the ground control terminal calculates each evaluation index based on the actual operating feedback values ​​and updates the control setpoints in the current parameter set.

[0043] S3. Calculate the drainage efficiency index, blockage risk index, erosion risk index and scaling risk index based on the working condition data, and perform state identification on the current jet drainage working condition to obtain the state identification result.

[0044] It should be noted that the ground control terminal 1 calculates the drainage efficiency index, blockage risk index, erosion risk index and scaling risk index based on the collected operating data, and identifies the current jet drainage operating conditions to determine whether there are any abnormal risks.

[0045] In this embodiment, the normalization processing function This function is used to convert parameters of different dimensions or different value ranges into dimensionless parameters between 0 and 1. The normalization processing function adopts the amplitude-limited interval normalization method, and the calculation formula is as follows: ; in, This represents the normalization function; Indicates the parameter to be normalized; and These represent the lower and upper limits of the parameter to be normalized, respectively. The lower and upper limits are determined based on the historical production data of the target well, field test data, or a preset empirical range.

[0046] The lower and upper limits of each parameter to be normalized are determined according to the following steps: First, determine the data source and type of the parameter to be normalized. The parameters to be normalized include parameters related to drainage efficiency, blockage risk, erosion risk, and scaling risk. Second, select historical operating data or field trial operation data from the target well during normal drainage to determine the normal operating range of the corresponding parameter. Third, combine the allowable design parameters of the jet pump assembly, the allowable pressure and discharge range of the surface pump set, and historical abnormal operating condition data to determine the upper limit of the corresponding parameter. Finally, during the field trial operation, adjust the lower and upper limits based on the actual drainage effect.

[0047] For example, for the rate of change of pressure difference before and after the nozzle, the lower limit can be 0 and the upper limit can be 0.30. This value is used to cover the range from normal pressure difference fluctuations to abnormal pressure difference fluctuations. For the rate of change of produced fluid flow rate, the lower limit can be 0 and the upper limit can be 0.20. This value is used to cover the range from stable production to abnormal flow rate fluctuations. For the water cut of produced fluid, the lower limit can be 0 and the upper limit can be 1. This value corresponds to the range of water cut itself. For the sand content, fluid salinity, dynamic fluid pressure, dynamic fluid discharge, dynamic fluid velocity, temperature change, residence time, and continuous operating time of produced fluid, the lower and upper limits are determined according to the historical production data of the target well, field test data, or the allowable range of the equipment. The above exemplary values ​​are used to illustrate the setting method of normalization upper and lower limits and do not limit the actual value range of the corresponding parameters in different target wells.

[0048] Drainage efficiency indicators Calculate using the following formula: ; in, This indicates the efficiency index of waste disposal; This indicates the output flow rate, which is collected by the output flow meter; Indicates the displacement of the hydraulic system; Indicates the hydraulic pressure; and This represents the weighting coefficient for extraction efficiency, and .

[0049] In the weighting coefficient of drainage efficiency, The corresponding discharge capacity term between the output fluid flow rate and the power fluid discharge rate. The unit power input discharge efficiency term corresponds to the output fluid flow rate, power fluid pressure, and power fluid discharge volume.

[0050] Congestion risk indicators Calculate using the following formula: ; in, Indicators representing congestion risk; This indicates the rate of change of pressure difference across the nozzle, used to characterize the degree to which the pressure difference in the nozzle or flow channel changes over time. This represents the fluctuation rate of the produced liquid flow rate, used to characterize the stability of the produced liquid flow rate; Indicates the sand content in the produced liquid; , and This represents the congestion risk weighting coefficient, and .

[0051] Rate of change of pressure difference before and after the nozzle Calculate using the following formula: ; in, Indicates the sampling time interval; Indicates the pressure before the nozzle. Pressure after nozzle The difference.

[0052] Product flow rate fluctuation Calculate using the following formula: ; in, This represents the standard deviation of the output fluid flow rate within a preset time window.

[0053] The preset time window is determined based on the sampling period of the produced fluid flow rate and the flow response time of the jet drainage process. Specifically, the sampling period of the produced fluid flow meter is determined, and the produced fluid flow rate data within multiple consecutive sampling periods are selected as the statistical object. The average value and standard deviation of the produced fluid flow rate are then calculated based on the statistical object. For example, the preset time window can be set to 5 to 10 consecutive sampling periods. When the sampling period is 1 minute, the preset time window can be 5 to 10 minutes. This value can avoid the impact of fluctuations at a single sampling point on the calculation of flow fluctuation rate, and at the same time, avoid the lag in operating condition identification caused by excessively long statistical time. The preset time window can be corrected based on the field trial operation data of the target well.

[0054] In the congestion risk weighting coefficient, The rate of change of the pressure difference before and after the nozzle. Corresponding to the fluctuation rate of the output liquid flow rate, The corresponding sand content in the produced liquid.

[0055] Erosion risk indicators Calculate using the following formula: ; in, Indicators of erosion risk; Indicates the flow rate of the dynamic fluid; This indicates the pressure difference between the power hydraulic pressure and the downhole pressure; Indicates the continuous operating time of the jet pump assembly; , , and This represents the erosion risk weighting coefficient, and .

[0056] Dynamic fluid velocity Calculate using the following formula: ; in, Indicates the effective flow area of ​​the nozzle or power fluid channel.

[0057] Pressure difference between dynamic hydraulic pressure and downhole pressure Calculate using the following formula: ; in, This indicates the downhole pressure.

[0058] In the erosion risk weighting coefficient, Corresponding to the dynamic fluid flow rate, The pressure difference between the corresponding dynamic hydraulic pressure and the downhole pressure. Corresponding sand content in the output liquid The corresponding continuous operating time of the jet pump assembly.

[0059] Scaling Risk Indicators Calculate using the following formula: ; in, Indicators of scaling risk; This indicates the temperature change between the wellhead temperature and the downhole temperature. Indicates fluid mineralization; Indicates the water content of the output liquid; , , and This represents the scaling risk weighting coefficient, and .

[0060] In the scaling risk weighting coefficient, Corresponding temperature change Corresponding fluid mineralization Corresponding to the water content of the output liquid, Corresponding stay time.

[0061] The weight coefficients of the above indicators are set according to the principle that "the sum of the weight coefficients under the same indicator is 1". In specific setting, the degree of correlation between each influencing factor and the change of the corresponding indicator is determined based on the historical production data and field test data of the target well. The weights of each influencing factor are ranked from large to small according to the degree of correlation. Finally, the weight coefficients are normalized so that the sum of the weight coefficients under the same indicator is 1.

[0062] Specifically, when the historical production data and field test data of the target well meet the statistical calculation requirements, the ground control terminal calculates the absolute correlation coefficient between each influencing factor and its corresponding index, and uses the absolute correlation coefficient as the degree of correlation. When the number of historical samples is insufficient to calculate the correlation coefficient, the degree of correlation is determined by the single-factor disturbance results in the field trial operation. That is, under the condition that other control settings remain unchanged, the single influencing factor is changed, the ratio between the change in the corresponding index and the change in the influencing factor is calculated, and the absolute value of the ratio is used as the degree of correlation. Finally, the corresponding weight coefficient is determined according to the proportion of the degree of correlation of each influencing factor to the sum of all degrees of correlation under the same index.

[0063] When historical samples are insufficient, the sampling efficiency weighting coefficient and For example, values ​​of 0.6 and 0.4 can be taken respectively, where The drainage capacity item, which reflects the relationship between the produced fluid flow rate and the power fluid discharge rate, is ranked before the drainage efficiency item in the drainage efficiency index; the blockage risk weight coefficient , and Examples of values ​​being 0.4, 0.3, and 0.3 can be used, where... > = The weighting of the nozzle pressure difference change rate in the clogging risk index is ranked before the effluent flow rate fluctuation rate and effluent sand content; erosion risk weighting coefficient , , and Examples of values ​​being 0.35, 0.30, 0.25, and 0.10 are given. > > > This is used to reflect the weighting of power fluid flow rate, pressure difference between power fluid pressure and downhole pressure, sand content in produced fluid, and continuous operating time in erosion risk indicators; scaling risk weighting coefficient. , , and Examples of values ​​being 0.25, 0.35, 0.25, and 0.15 can be used, where... > = > This is used to reflect the weight ranking of fluid salinity, temperature change, produced fluid water content, and residence time among the scaling risk indicators; the above exemplary values ​​do not constitute a limitation on the weight coefficients and can be corrected based on the field data of the target well.

[0064] The preset drainage efficiency target and various risk thresholds are determined by "historical data statistics, equipment allowable range verification, and on-site trial operation correction"; the drainage efficiency target is determined based on the drainage efficiency index, target production and unit energy consumption control requirements during the normal operation of the target well; the blockage risk threshold, erosion risk threshold and scaling risk threshold are determined based on the historical abnormal data of the target well, on-site test data and the allowable parameters of the jet pump component design.

[0065] Since the blockage risk index, erosion risk index, and scaling risk index are all normalized, the values ​​of the blockage risk threshold, erosion risk threshold, and scaling risk threshold are all within the range of 0 to 1. Specifically, the lower quartile to median of the corresponding risk index in the historical abnormal operating condition sample of the target well is selected as the initial risk threshold range, and then corrected based on the results of field trial operation. For example, the blockage risk threshold, erosion risk threshold, and scaling risk threshold can each be set to values ​​within the range of 0.60 to 0.80. The drainage efficiency target is determined based on the average value of the drainage efficiency index during the normal drainage phase of the target well, the drainage requirements corresponding to the target production, and the unit energy consumption control requirements. For example, 95% to 105% of the average value of the drainage efficiency index during the normal drainage phase can be used as the initial value range of the drainage efficiency target, and then corrected based on the results of field trial operation.

[0066] When ground control terminal 1 calculates the drainage efficiency index Blockage risk indicators Erosion risk indicators and scaling risk indicators Then, the drainage efficiency index will be... Compared with the preset drainage efficiency target Compare and use blockage risk indicators Erosion risk indicators and scaling risk indicators Respectively with the congestion risk threshold Erosion risk threshold and scaling risk threshold Compare them.

[0067] when , and ,and When, it is identified as a normal drainage operation; when ,and and When, it is identified as a congestion-prone operating condition; when ,and and When, it is identified as an erosion-prone condition; when ,and and When, it is identified as a scaling-prone operating condition; when , and When two or more indicators are greater than or equal to the corresponding risk threshold, it is identified as a compound abnormal working condition; when the drainage efficiency indicator is lower than the preset drainage efficiency target, and any one of the blockage risk indicator, erosion risk indicator, and scaling risk indicator is greater than or equal to the corresponding risk threshold, it is identified as an abnormal working condition that is greater than or equal to the corresponding risk threshold; when two or more risk indicators are greater than or equal to the corresponding risk threshold, it is identified as a compound abnormal working condition; the inefficient state under normal drainage working conditions is only applicable when none of the three types of risk indicators have reached the corresponding risk threshold and the drainage efficiency indicator is lower than the preset drainage efficiency target.

[0068] S4. Based on the status identification results, the current jet drainage condition is divided into one of the following: normal drainage condition, blockage tendency condition, erosion tendency condition, scaling tendency condition, and combined abnormal condition. The current parameter set is then adaptively adjusted according to the type of the current jet drainage condition to obtain an updated parameter set.

[0069] In this embodiment, adaptive adjustment refers to selecting at least one parameter from the power fluid discharge parameters, power fluid pressure parameters, temperature control parameters, and jet pump component operating parameters according to the current jet drainage operation type, and adjusting it to form an updated parameter set that can be used in the subsequent drainage effect evaluation step.

[0070] The updated parameter set sends the power hydraulic displacement parameters, power hydraulic pressure parameters, temperature control parameters, and jet pump assembly operating parameters that can be executed online to the jet pumping execution unit for execution. When the jet pump assembly does not have the structure to adjust the nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters online, the nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters are not used as the online execution parameters for this round, but are used as the basis for selecting structural parameters in subsequent operations or when replacing the jet pump assembly.

[0071] It should be noted that during the adaptive parameter adjustment process, the power fluid displacement parameters, power fluid pressure parameters, and temperature control parameters in the current parameter set and the updated parameter set are all control setpoints; the power fluid displacement, power fluid pressure, and temperature data in the operating condition data are actual operating feedback values; the ground control terminal calculates the status identification result based on the actual operating feedback values ​​and adjusts the control setpoints to form the updated parameter set.

[0072] Based on the status identification results, the ground control terminal 1 classifies the current jet drainage operation into one of the following: normal drainage operation, blockage tendency operation, erosion tendency operation, scaling tendency operation, and combined abnormal operation. It then generates an updated parameter set based on the type of the current jet drainage operation and sends it to the control execution unit 7 to adjust the operating parameters of the jet pump assembly 5.

[0073] When the status identification result is normal drainage operation, the current parameter set is maintained; when the status identification result is an inefficient state under normal drainage operation, the ground control terminal 1 adjusts the power fluid discharge rate and power fluid pressure parameters according to the drainage efficiency deviation, based on a preset adjustment step size. The preset adjustment step size is determined according to the allowable adjustment range of the jet pump assembly. For example, the single adjustment step size can be set to 3% to 5% of the current control setting value, and the adjustment relationship is as follows: ; ; in, and These represent the adjusted hydraulic displacement and hydraulic pressure, respectively. and These represent the hydraulic displacement and hydraulic pressure before adjustment, respectively. The discharge efficiency adjustment coefficient representing the displacement of the power hydraulic fluid; This represents the adjustment coefficient for the drainage efficiency of the hydraulic pressure.

[0074] The adjusted power fluid displacement and power fluid pressure are both limited to the allowable operating range of the jet pump assembly 5; the allowable operating range of the jet pump assembly is determined based on the design parameters of the jet pump assembly, the rated pressure and rated displacement of the surface pump set, the pressure bearing capacity of the wellbore, and the on-site safety operation requirements.

[0075] When the status identification result indicates a blockage-prone condition, the pressure difference distribution and fluid velocity inside the jet pump assembly are changed by adjusting the power hydraulic pressure, power hydraulic discharge rate, and jet pump assembly operating parameters to reduce the blockage risk and restore the drainage capacity. Ground control terminal 1 increases the power hydraulic discharge rate and power hydraulic pressure according to the degree to which the blockage risk index exceeds the blockage risk threshold. The adjustment relationship is as follows: ; ; in, The clogging risk adjustment factor represents the displacement of the power hydraulic fluid. This represents the blockage risk adjustment coefficient for hydraulic power.

[0076] When the status identification result indicates an erosion tendency condition, adjustments are made by reducing the power hydraulic pressure and displacement, and regulating the operating parameters of the jet pump assembly. Ground control terminal 1 reduces the power hydraulic displacement and pressure based on the degree to which the erosion risk index exceeds the erosion risk threshold. The adjustment relationship is as follows: ; ; in, The erosion risk adjustment factor represents the displacement of the power fluid; Erosion risk adjustment factor representing the power hydraulic force The adjusted power fluid displacement and power fluid pressure shall not be lower than the minimum displacement and minimum pressure required to maintain continuous operation of the jet drainage.

[0077] When the status identification result indicates a scaling tendency, the risk of scaling or deposition inside the jet pump assembly is first reduced by adjusting the temperature control parameters, optimizing the power fluid discharge rate and fluid flow rate. When the scaling risk index is greater than or equal to the scaling risk threshold for at least three consecutive sampling periods, the backflushing process is initiated. The backflushing process involves adjusting the power fluid discharge rate and pressure within a preset time using the control execution unit, allowing the power fluid to pass through the easily scaling areas inside the jet pump assembly at the required flushing discharge rate and pressure. The flushing discharge rate and pressure are determined based on the internal flow channel volume of the jet pump assembly, the current power fluid discharge rate, the current power fluid pressure, and the results of on-site trial operation. The preset time is also determined based on the internal flow channel volume of the jet pump assembly, the power fluid discharge rate, and the results of on-site trial operation, and can be exemplarily set to 3–10 minutes. The ground control terminal 1 adjusts the temperature control parameters and power fluid discharge rate according to the degree to which the scaling risk index exceeds the scaling risk threshold. The adjustment relationship is as follows: ; ; in, and These represent the temperature control parameters before and after adjustment, respectively. This represents the scaling risk adjustment coefficient for temperature control parameters. The scaling risk adjustment factor represents the displacement of the power fluid.

[0078] When the ground control terminal 1 determines that the scaling risk index is greater than or equal to the scaling risk threshold for at least three consecutive sampling cycles, the backflushing process is initiated. Using three consecutive sampling cycles as the trigger condition is to avoid false triggering caused by sensor fluctuations or instantaneous operating disturbances within a single sampling cycle. At the same time, compared to more sampling cycles, three consecutive sampling cycles can promptly initiate the backflushing process when scaling risk continues to occur, reducing the possibility of backflushing response lag. The three sampling cycles are an exemplary setting and can be modified according to the target well sampling cycle, the rate of change of scaling risk, and the results of on-site trial operation.

[0079] The adjustment coefficients for drainage efficiency, blockage risk, erosion risk, and scaling risk can all be determined based on the equipment's allowable adjustment range, the adjustment accuracy of the ground equipment, and on-site trial operation data. For example, they can be taken as 0.05 to 0.20. The larger the value, the greater the range of single parameter adjustment.

[0080] When the status identification result is a complex abnormal operating condition, priority is given to each abnormal risk indicator based on its risk level value, and adjustments are made in stages. Ground control terminal 1 determines the risk level based on the degree to which each abnormal risk indicator exceeds its corresponding threshold. calculate: ; in, Indicates the first The degree to which risk indicators exceed limits; Indicates the first The current value of the risk indicator; Indicates the first Risk thresholds corresponding to risk indicators; This indicates the index of risk indicator categories.

[0081] Risk level ranges are divided based on the normalized range of risk indicators. Since each risk indicator ranges from 0 to 1 after normalization, a level of exceedance less than 0.2 is classified as Level 1 risk, a level of exceedance greater than or equal to 0.2 and less than 0.5 is classified as Level 2 risk, and a level of exceedance greater than or equal to 0.5 is classified as Level 3 risk. At that time, the risk level was no risk. At that time, it was classified as a Level 1 risk. At that time, it was a level 2 risk. The risk level is classified as Level 3. Under complex abnormal operating conditions, the abnormal indicator with the highest risk level value is given priority. When two or more abnormal indicators have the same risk level, they are given priority in the order of erosion risk, blockage risk, and scaling risk.

[0082] The updated parameter set includes the adjusted power fluid displacement, power fluid pressure, temperature control parameters, and jet pump component operating parameters. After the updated parameter set is sent to the control execution unit 7, it is used to adjust the operating parameters of the jet pump component 5 and proceed to the subsequent drainage effect evaluation step.

[0083] The nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters are used as part of the jet pump assembly's operating parameters for adaptive adjustment. When the jet pump assembly has an online adjustable structure, the ground control terminal can adjust the nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters through the control execution unit. When the jet pump assembly does not have an online adjustable structure, the nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters serve as the basis for selecting structural parameters for subsequent operations or when replacing the jet pump assembly.

[0084] S5. Send the updated parameter set to the jet drainage execution unit, and re-collect the operating condition data after the updated parameter set is executed. Form an evaluation result based on the re-collected operating condition data. If the evaluation result does not meet the preset optimization target, the updated parameter set will be used as the current parameter set for the next round of drainage adjustment, and the process will return to the step of re-collecting operating condition data.

[0085] It should be noted that the jet drainage execution unit in this embodiment includes a control execution unit 7, a temperature control unit 6, and an execution mechanism related to the adjustment of the operating parameters of the jet pump assembly 5. After the updated parameter set is sent to the jet drainage execution unit, the control execution unit 7 drives the jet pump assembly 5 to operate according to the updated parameter set, and the temperature control unit 6 adjusts it according to the temperature control parameters in the updated parameter set. After the updated parameter set is executed, the ground control terminal re-collects the operating condition data within the preset evaluation window and forms an evaluation result. The preset evaluation window is determined according to the sampling period and the stabilization time of the jet drainage process. For example, it can be set to 5 to 10 consecutive sampling periods. The evaluation result is determined according to the average value, fluctuation rate, or cumulative operating time of multiple sampling periods within the preset evaluation window. The evaluation result includes the increase in produced liquid, the stabilization time of drainage, the unit energy consumption, the decrease in blockage risk, the decrease in erosion risk, and the decrease in scaling risk.

[0086] The increase in produced fluid volume is calculated using the following formula: ; in, Indicates the increase in output fluid; This indicates the output flow rate after the parameter update; This indicates the output flow rate before the parameter update.

[0087] Unit energy consumption is calculated using the following formula: ; in, This indicates the energy consumption per unit.

[0088] The reduction rates of clogging risk, erosion risk, and scaling risk are calculated using the following formulas: ; ; ; in, Indicates the extent to which the risk of congestion has decreased; Indicates the extent of the decrease in erosion risk; Indicates the extent to which the risk of scaling has decreased; , and These represent the blockage risk index, erosion risk index, and scaling risk index before the parameter update, respectively. , and These represent the updated blockage risk index, erosion risk index, and scaling risk index, respectively.

[0089] When the corresponding risk indicator is 0 before the parameter is updated, the risk reduction of the current item is not calculated, and the risk control result of the current item is judged to meet the risk control target. When the corresponding risk indicator is lower than the corresponding risk threshold before the parameter is updated, the risk reduction of the current item is not used as the main evaluation item. If the risk indicator is still lower than the corresponding risk threshold after the parameter is updated, the current item is judged to meet the risk control target.

[0090] The stable discharge duration is the operating time during which, after parameter updates, the following conditions are met: the blockage risk index is below the blockage risk threshold, the erosion risk index is below the erosion threshold, the scaling risk index is below the scaling risk threshold, and the effluent flow rate fluctuation rate is below the preset fluctuation threshold. In other words, during continuous operation after parameter updates, when the following conditions are met: , , , When the above conditions are met continuously, the running time is recorded as the stable duration of the drainage process.

[0091] in, This indicates the preset fluctuation threshold.

[0092] The preset fluctuation threshold is determined based on the fluctuation rate of the produced fluid flow rate during the normal production phase of the target well, and is modified in combination with the on-site stable production requirements; for example, the preset fluctuation threshold can be 0.10 to 0.15.

[0093] After calculating the evaluation results, the results are compared with the preset optimization targets. These targets are determined based on target production, unit energy consumption control requirements, drainage stability requirements, and risk control requirements. For example, the preset optimization targets include: the production fluid increase reaches the preset target, the drainage stability time reaches the preset stability time, unit energy consumption is not higher than the preset energy consumption upper limit, and the blockage risk index, erosion risk index, and scaling risk index are all lower than their corresponding risk thresholds. The preset increase targets are determined based on the production fluid flow rate and target production within one evaluation window at the target well. For example, the production fluid increase can be set to be not lower than... 5% to 15%; the preset stabilization time is determined based on the sampling cycle and the stabilization time of the jet drainage process. For example, it can be set to 5 to 10 consecutive sampling cycles; the preset energy consumption upper limit is determined based on the unit energy consumption before parameter update and the energy consumption control requirements of the target well. For example, it can be set to no more than 90% to 98% of the unit energy consumption before parameter update; when the corresponding risk index before parameter update is greater than or equal to the corresponding risk threshold, the corresponding risk reduction can be set to no less than 5% to 20%; when the corresponding risk index before parameter update is lower than the corresponding risk threshold, the corresponding risk control target is that it is still lower than the corresponding risk threshold after parameter update.

[0094] If the evaluation result meets the preset optimization target, proceed to the step of outputting the target parameter set; if the evaluation result does not meet the preset optimization target, update the parameter set as the current parameter set for the next round of scheduling and adjustment, and return to the step of re-collecting working condition data to continue collecting working condition data, calculating indicators, identifying status and adaptively adjusting parameters until the evaluation result meets the preset optimization target or reaches the condition to stop iterating.

[0095] During the iterative optimization process, the ground control terminal records the evaluation results corresponding to each round of updated parameter sets and determines the current optimal parameter set based on the evaluation results. When the number of consecutive iterations reaches the preset maximum number of iterations, the improvement range of two consecutive rounds of evaluation results is lower than the preset minimum improvement range, or the power fluid displacement parameter, power fluid pressure parameter, and temperature control parameter reach the corresponding allowable adjustment boundary, the iteration stops, and the obtained current optimal parameter set is output as the target parameter set. At the same time, a prompt message indicating that manual review is required is generated. The preset maximum number of iterations is determined according to the requirements of the target well's on-site trial operation, and can be exemplarily taken as 5 to 10 times. The preset minimum improvement range is determined according to the production fluid improvement range, unit energy consumption, and the change in the three types of risk indicators, and can be exemplarily taken as less than 2% to 5% change in the comprehensive evaluation results of two consecutive rounds.

[0096] S6. When the evaluation result meets the preset optimization objective, the corresponding updated parameter set is determined as the target parameter set and output.

[0097] It should be noted that when the evaluation results meet the preset optimization objectives, the corresponding updated parameter set will be determined as the target parameter set and output as the optimal operating parameters under the current well conditions.

[0098] In this embodiment, the evaluation result is the drainage effect evaluation result formed after the updated parameter set is executed. The evaluation result includes the increase in produced liquid, drainage stabilization time, unit energy consumption, reduction in blockage risk, reduction in erosion risk, and reduction in scaling risk. When the ground control terminal 1 determines that the evaluation result meets the preset optimization target, the updated parameter set obtained in this round is determined as the target parameter set.

[0099] The target parameter set is selected based on the drainage and production effect evaluation results. The selection rules for the target parameter set are as follows: when multiple updated parameter sets meet the preset optimization objectives, the updated parameter set with all three types of risk indicators below the corresponding risk thresholds and the lowest unit energy consumption is selected first; when the unit energy consumption is the same, the updated parameter set with the largest increase in produced fluid is selected; when the increase in produced fluid is the same, the updated parameter set with the longest drainage and production stability time is selected; when only one updated parameter set meets the preset optimization objectives, this updated parameter set is determined as the target parameter set. The drainage and production effect evaluation results are based on a comprehensive evaluation of improving drainage and production efficiency and reducing the risks of blockage, erosion, and scaling. The target parameter set includes the nozzle opening parameters, throat matching parameters, power fluid discharge parameters, power fluid pressure parameters, and temperature control parameters corresponding to the current well conditions.

[0100] In summary, this invention adaptively adjusts jet drainage parameters by combining feedback from wellhead and downhole operating data with the identification results of drainage efficiency, blockage risk, erosion risk, and scaling risk. This allows the drainage parameters to match the dynamic downhole operating conditions more promptly, reducing the lag and deviation caused by manual experience-based parameter adjustments. Simultaneously, it enables early intervention during the formation of abnormal trends such as blockage, erosion, and scaling, reducing the probability of blockage in the internal flow channels of the jet pump assembly, wear of the flow structure, and scaling deposition, thus improving drainage continuity and operational stability. Furthermore, by evaluating and continuously optimizing the adjusted drainage effect, it can also improve the production fluid drainage efficiency, reduce unit energy consumption, and extend the effective operating time of the downhole jet pump assembly.

[0101] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback, characterized in that, include: An initial parameter set for jet drainage is established based on the operating condition information of the target well, and the initial parameter set is used as the current parameter set for the first drainage adjustment. The initial parameter set includes nozzle opening parameters, throat matching parameters, power fluid discharge parameters, power fluid pressure parameters, and temperature control parameters. Real-time acquisition of wellhead and downhole operating condition data during downhole jet drainage process; Based on the operating data, the drainage efficiency index, blockage risk index, erosion risk index and scaling risk index are calculated, and the current jet drainage operating condition is identified to obtain the status identification results. Based on the state identification results, the current jet drainage operation is classified into one of the following: normal drainage, clogging tendency, erosion tendency, scaling tendency, and combined abnormal conditions. The current parameter set is adaptively adjusted according to the type of the current jet drainage operation to obtain an updated parameter set. Specifically, when the current jet drainage operation is normal and the drainage efficiency index meets the drainage efficiency target, the current parameter set is maintained. When the current jet drainage operation is normal but the drainage efficiency index does not meet the drainage efficiency target, the power fluid displacement and power fluid pressure parameters are increased. When the current jet drainage operation is clogging tendency, the power fluid displacement and power fluid pressure parameters are increased, and the jet pump component operating parameters are adjusted. When the current jet drainage operation is erosion tendency, the parameters are reduced. The parameters of the power fluid displacement and pressure are adjusted, and the operating parameters of the jet pump assembly are also adjusted. When the current jet drainage operation is a scaling tendency condition, the temperature control parameters and power fluid displacement parameters are adjusted in conjunction, and the backwashing process is executed when the scaling risk index is greater than or equal to the scaling risk threshold for at least three consecutive sampling cycles. When the current jet drainage operation is a complex abnormal condition, the risk level value is determined according to the degree to which the blockage risk index, erosion risk index and scaling risk index exceed the corresponding risk threshold. The current parameter set is adjusted in stages according to the risk level value from large to small. When the risk level values ​​are the same, the erosion risk index, blockage risk index and scaling risk index are processed first. When the parameter adjustment directions conflict, the adjustment direction corresponding to the priority risk is executed for this stage. The updated parameter set is sent to the jet drainage execution unit, and the working condition data is re-collected after the updated parameter set is executed. An evaluation result is formed based on the re-collected working condition data. If the evaluation result does not meet the preset optimization target, the updated parameter set is used as the current parameter set for the next round of drainage adjustment, and the process of re-collecting working condition data is returned. When the evaluation results meet the preset optimization objectives, the corresponding updated parameter set is determined as the target parameter set and output.

2. The adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The operating information includes well depth, wellbore structure, target formation pressure, formation temperature, fluid viscosity, gas-liquid ratio, sand content, scaling tendency, target production rate, and historical production data.

3. The adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The downhole jet drainage process is implemented based on a ground control terminal (1), a data acquisition module (2), a wellhead sensor group (3), a downhole sensor group (4), a jet pump assembly (5), a temperature control unit (6), a control execution unit (7), and a casing (8); The wellhead sensor group (3) and the downhole sensor group (4) collect operating condition data and upload it to the data acquisition module (2); The data acquisition module (2) transmits the working condition data to the ground control terminal (1) for processing and analysis; The jet pump assembly (5) is disposed inside the sleeve (8); The ground control terminal (1) generates an updated parameter set based on the status identification result, and adjusts the operating parameters of the jet pump assembly (5) through the control execution unit (7), and adjusts the temperature control parameters through the temperature control unit (6); When the scaling risk index is greater than or equal to the scaling risk threshold for at least three consecutive sampling periods, the backflushing process is executed.

4. The adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage efficiency index is the drainage capacity index under the current parameter conditions; The blockage risk indicator is a risk indicator of blockage in the internal flow channel of the jet pump assembly; The erosion risk index is the risk index of wear caused by high-speed flowing and sand-containing fluids on the internal flow structure of the jet pump assembly. The scaling risk index is a risk indicator of scaling and deposition occurring under the current temperature, pressure, and fluid composition conditions.

5. The adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The drainage efficiency index is calculated by weighting the ratio between the output fluid flow rate and the power fluid discharge rate, and the ratio between the output fluid flow rate and the product of the power fluid pressure and the power fluid discharge rate. The blockage risk index is calculated by weighting the pressure difference change rate before and after the nozzle, the fluctuation rate of the output liquid flow rate, and the sand content of the output liquid. The erosion risk index is calculated by weighting the dynamic fluid flow rate, the pressure difference between the dynamic fluid pressure and the downhole pressure, the sand content of the produced fluid, and the running time. The scaling risk index is calculated by weighting temperature change, fluid mineralization, effluent water content and residence time. Among them, the parameters involved in the weighted calculation are normalized before being used in the calculation of the corresponding indicators, and the weight coefficients of each item meet the normalization conditions.

6. The adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for adaptively adjusting the current parameter set based on the current jet drainage operation condition are as follows: Based on the deviation of the drainage efficiency index from the drainage efficiency target, the degree of exceeding the limit of the blockage risk index relative to the blockage risk threshold, the degree of exceeding the limit of the erosion risk index relative to the erosion risk threshold, and the degree of exceeding the limit of the scaling risk index relative to the scaling risk threshold, the drainage efficiency adjustment coefficient, the blockage risk adjustment coefficient, the erosion risk adjustment coefficient, and the scaling risk adjustment coefficient are determined respectively. The adjustment amounts of the power fluid displacement parameters, power fluid pressure parameters, and temperature control parameters are generated based on the corresponding adjustment coefficients, and the adjusted power fluid displacement parameters and power fluid pressure parameters are limited to the allowable operating range of the jet pump assembly. Among them, the adjusted power fluid displacement parameters and power fluid pressure parameters under erosion tendency conditions shall not be lower than the minimum displacement and minimum pressure required to maintain continuous operation of jet drainage. Under conditions where scaling is likely, the adjustment amounts of temperature control parameters and power fluid discharge parameters are determined simultaneously based on the scaling risk adjustment coefficient. When the jet pump assembly has an online adjustable structure, the nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters are used as the operating parameters of the jet pump assembly to participate in this round of online adjustment; When the jet pump assembly does not have an online adjustable structure, the nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters are used as the basis for selecting structural parameters when performing subsequent operations or replacing the jet pump assembly.

7. The adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The evaluation results include the increase in produced fluid, the duration of stable drainage, unit energy consumption, the decrease in blockage risk, the decrease in erosion risk, and the decrease in scaling risk.

8. The adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The specific steps for generating evaluation results based on the re-collected operating condition data are as follows: The increase in output flow rate is determined by comparing the output flow rate after parameter update with the output flow rate before parameter update. The unit energy consumption is determined by the ratio of the product of the power fluid pressure and the power fluid displacement to the output fluid flow rate. Based on the blockage risk index, erosion risk index, and scaling risk index before and after the parameter update, determine the reduction rate of blockage risk, erosion risk, and scaling risk, respectively. The operating time during which the parameters are continuously updated and the blockage risk index, erosion risk index, and scaling risk index are all below the corresponding risk thresholds, and the fluctuation rate of the produced liquid flow rate is below the preset fluctuation threshold, is determined as the stable discharge time.

9. The adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned composite abnormal operating condition refers to an operating condition in which two or more of the following indicators—clogging risk indicator, erosion risk indicator, and scaling risk indicator—are greater than or equal to the corresponding risk threshold:

10. The adaptive optimization method for jet drainage parameters based on downhole operating condition feedback as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The target parameter set is selected based on the evaluation results. When the improvement of produced liquid, stable discharge time, unit energy consumption, reduction of blockage risk, reduction of erosion risk and reduction of scaling risk in the evaluation results meet the preset optimization targets, the updated parameter set obtained in this round is determined as the target parameter set. When multiple sets of updated parameters meet the preset optimization objectives, the set of updated parameters with the lowest unit energy consumption and the lowest blockage risk index, erosion risk index, and scaling risk index is determined as the target parameter set. When the jet pump assembly does not have a structure for online adjustment of nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters, the nozzle opening parameters and throat matching parameters in the target parameter set are used for subsequent operation and structural parameter selection when replacing the jet pump assembly.

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