A method and device for optimizing a voltage-sharing shield structure of a transformer winding end, a terminal device, and a storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a transformer winding end equalizing shielding structure optimization method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium, and belongs to the transformer insulation field. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the structure parameters of a transformer to be optimized, constructing a transformer simulation model, taking the voltage values of all winding units at the moment corresponding to the maximum voltage value of each winding unit as excitation to apply to the corresponding winding unit for simulation calculation to obtain a first maximum electric field strength; based on the material parameters of the equalizing shielding structure, constructing a geometric model at the corner position of the winding end to obtain an optimization simulation model; within a preset parameter value range, the second maximum electric field strength minimum curvature radius and axial installation distance obtained by simulation based on the optimization simulation model are re-simulated, and according to the optimized maximum electric field strength and the first maximum electric field strength, the corresponding curvature radius and axial installation distance are taken as the final optimization parameters of the equalizing shielding structure, so that the problem of inaccurate manual estimation size is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer insulation technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, terminal equipment, and storage medium for optimizing the voltage equalization shielding structure at the ends of transformer windings. Background Technology

[0002] Transformers are core equipment in power systems, enabling power transmission and voltage transformation. Their operational reliability directly affects the safety and stability of the entire power grid. With increasing societal demands for energy efficiency, and due to the low mechanical strength and significant magnetostriction of amorphous alloy strips in amorphous alloy transformers, three-dimensional wound core structures are now commonly used. However, this structure results in significant differences in the winding arrangement compared to traditional laminated transformers, leading to complex electromagnetic coupling relationships between the windings. During operation, transformers inevitably suffer from overvoltages from power grid operations or lightning strikes from the natural environment. These voltages cause uneven potential distributions on the transformer windings, leading to a sharp increase in local electric field strength and posing a severe challenge to the insulation system.

[0003] Currently, the conventional approach to addressing the problem of concentrated electric field at the winding ends is to increase the insulation distance or thicken the insulation material, which leads to increased transformer size and cost. Adding a voltage-equalizing shielding structure can reduce size and cost, but the dimensions of this structure typically require manual estimation, which can easily result in inaccurate measurements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, terminal equipment, and storage medium for optimizing the voltage equalization shielding structure at the ends of transformer windings, which can effectively solve the problem of inaccurate manual estimation when determining the dimensions of the insulation structure at the ends of transformer windings in the prior art.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing the voltage equalization shielding structure at the ends of a transformer winding, comprising: Obtain the structural parameters of the transformer to be optimized; wherein, the structural parameters include the core structure parameters and the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure; A transformer simulation model is constructed based on structural parameters. After wave process calculation is performed on the transformer simulation model, the potential distribution of the winding unit under impulse voltage is obtained. Based on the potential distribution, the voltage values ​​of all winding units at the time corresponding to the maximum voltage value of each winding unit are used as excitations and applied to the cross section of the corresponding winding unit. Simulation calculation is performed to obtain the first maximum electric field strength when no equalizing shielding structure is installed. Based on the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure, a geometric model of the voltage equalization shielding structure is constructed at the winding end corner position of the transformer simulation model to obtain an optimized simulation model; Within the preset parameter range, the optimized simulation model is subjected to parameter scanning simulation to obtain several combinations of curvature radii and axial installation distances of the equal-voltage shielding structure, as well as the corresponding second maximum electric field strength. For the radius of curvature and axial installation distance with the minimum second maximum electric field strength, the geometric model of the equal-voltage shielding structure is reconstructed in the optimized simulation model and the simulation is repeated to obtain the optimized maximum electric field strength. The magnitude of field strength variation is evaluated based on the optimized maximum electric field strength and the first maximum electric field strength. When the magnitude of field strength variation exceeds the preset magnitude threshold, the corresponding radius of curvature and axial installation distance are used as the final optimization parameters of the equalization shielding structure in the transformer to be optimized.

[0006] Furthermore, a transformer simulation model is constructed based on the structural parameters, including: Based on the structural parameters, a core simulation model and a winding simulation model are constructed; the winding simulation model includes a high-voltage winding simulation model, a low-voltage winding simulation model, and a voltage-regulating winding simulation model. The winding units of the winding simulation model are meshed, and a transformer simulation model is constructed based on the core simulation model and the meshed winding simulation model.

[0007] Furthermore, a transformer simulation model is constructed based on the structural parameters, including: Based on the structural parameters, a core simulation model and a winding simulation model are constructed; the winding simulation model includes a high-voltage winding simulation model, a low-voltage winding simulation model, and a voltage-regulating winding simulation model. The winding units of the winding simulation model are meshed, and a transformer simulation model is constructed based on the core simulation model and the meshed winding simulation model.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes: the outer boundary of the iron core simulation model and the global boundary of the transformer simulation model are balloon boundaries or zero potential boundaries.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure, a geometric model of the voltage equalization shielding structure is constructed at the winding end corner position of the transformer simulation model to obtain an optimized simulation model, including: Based on the material parameters of the equalizing shield structure, a geometric model of the equalizing shield structure is constructed at the end corner positions of the high-voltage winding simulation model and the voltage regulating winding simulation model of the transformer simulation model. The geometric model is integrated into the transformer simulation model to obtain an optimized simulation model; The potential of the equalizing shield structure is the same as the potential of the end rotation angle of the high-voltage winding simulation model and the voltage regulating winding simulation model.

[0010] As an improvement to the above solution, another embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage equalization shielding structure optimization device for the ends of transformer windings, comprising: The structural parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the structural parameters of the transformer to be optimized; wherein, the structural parameters include the core structural parameters and the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure; The transformer simulation model excitation module is used to construct a transformer simulation model based on structural parameters. After performing wave process calculations on the transformer simulation model, the potential distribution of the winding unit under impulse voltage is obtained. Based on the potential distribution, the voltage values ​​of all winding units at the time corresponding to the maximum voltage value of each winding unit are used as excitations and applied to the cross section of the corresponding winding unit. Simulation calculations are performed to obtain the first maximum electric field strength when no equalizing shielding structure is installed. The simulation model construction module is optimized to construct the geometric model of the voltage equalization shielding structure at the winding end corner position of the transformer simulation model based on the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure, thereby obtaining the optimized simulation model. The voltage equalization shielding structure size simulation module is used to perform parameter scanning simulation on the optimized simulation model within the preset parameter value range, and obtain several combinations of curvature radii and axial installation distances of the voltage equalization shielding structure as well as the corresponding second maximum electric field strength. The maximum electric field strength optimization module is used to reconstruct the geometric model of the equal-voltage shielding structure in the optimization simulation model and re-simulate it for the radius of curvature and axial installation distance that minimize the second maximum electric field strength, so as to obtain the optimized maximum electric field strength. The final optimization parameter determination module is used to evaluate the field strength variation range based on the optimized maximum electric field strength and the first maximum electric field strength. When the field strength variation range is greater than the preset amplitude threshold, the corresponding radius of curvature and axial installation distance are used as the final optimization parameters of the equalization shielding structure in the transformer to be optimized.

[0011] Furthermore, the transformer simulation model excitation module, used to construct a transformer simulation model based on structural parameters, includes: Based on the structural parameters, a core simulation model and a winding simulation model are constructed; the winding simulation model includes a high-voltage winding simulation model, a low-voltage winding simulation model, and a voltage-regulating winding simulation model. The winding units of the winding simulation model are meshed, and a transformer simulation model is constructed based on the core simulation model and the meshed winding simulation model.

[0012] Furthermore, the transformer simulation model excitation module is used to obtain the potential distribution of the winding unit under impulse voltage after performing wave process calculations on the transformer simulation model, including: The simulation model of each winding in the transformer simulation model is divided into several winding units according to the coil disc; The longitudinal capacitance, capacitance to ground, inter-winding capacitance, and inductance parameters of each winding unit were determined through finite element electrostatic and magnetic field simulations. Based on the longitudinal capacitance, capacitance to ground, inter-winding capacitance, and inductance parameters of each winding unit, an equivalent circuit model of the winding is constructed. After applying a preset full-wave lightning impulse voltage to the equivalent circuit model of the winding, the potential distribution of the winding unit under the impulse voltage is obtained.

[0013] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements a method for optimizing the voltage equalization shielding structure at the end of a transformer winding as described in the above embodiments.

[0014] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the voltage equalization shielding structure optimization method for the transformer winding end described in the above embodiment.

[0015] By implementing this invention, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved: This invention provides a method, apparatus, terminal equipment, and storage medium for optimizing the voltage-equalizing shielding structure at the winding ends of a transformer. The method actively smooths the electric field distribution and reduces the peak electric field strength at the ends by adding a voltage-equalizing shielding structure at the winding ends, fundamentally solving the problem of electric field concentration. It eliminates the need to increase the insulation distance between windings or thicken the insulation material, avoiding the problems of increased transformer size, increased oil consumption, and increased insulation material consumption caused by conventional solutions. Simultaneously, it requires no changes to the main structure, significantly controlling manufacturing costs and process difficulty. Only the voltage-equalizing shielding structure is added at the winding ends, without any modifications to the transformer core, windings, or other main structures, and without altering the existing production process of amorphous alloy transformers, thus avoiding the drawbacks of complex design and high manufacturing costs. A quantitative verification process, where the electric field strength variation exceeds a preset threshold, ensures accurate optimization results. It achieves optimal insulation performance with minimal structural modifications, ultimately directly outputting two core parameters: the radius of curvature and the axial installation distance. This eliminates the need for manual estimation and secondary adjustments, adapting to the large-scale production of transformers and solving the problem of inconsistent dimensions in manual estimation, thereby improving the dimensional accuracy of the voltage-equalizing shielding structure. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing the voltage equalization shielding structure at the end of a transformer winding, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a voltage equalization shielding structure optimization device at the end of a transformer winding provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] See Figure 1 To address the problem of inaccurate manual estimation when determining the dimensions of the transformer winding end insulation structure in existing technologies, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing the voltage equalization shielding structure at the transformer winding end, comprising: S1. Obtain the structural parameters of the transformer to be optimized; wherein, the structural parameters include the core structure parameters and the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure; Specifically, the transformer to be optimized refers to an amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core transformer, that is, a power transformer with a three-dimensional wound core made of amorphous alloy strip, characterized by low no-load loss and symmetrical three-phase magnetic circuit. Structural parameters refer to all the basic design parameters required to construct the transformer simulation model and complete the optimization of the voltage equalization shielding structure, including core structural parameters and material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure, as well as rated electrical parameters, winding body structural parameters, and insulation system dielectric parameters. Core structural parameters refer to the geometric dimensions of the amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core and the magnetic property parameters of the amorphous alloy material, including relative permeability and nonlinear magnetization characteristics. Material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure refer to the electrical performance parameters of the conductor material used to make the voltage equalization shielding ring, including conductivity and relative permeability, which can be initially set as an ideal conductor in the simulation.

[0019] To illustrate, firstly, obtain the complete set of design drawings and technical parameters of the target amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core transformer, including rated electrical parameters such as rated capacity, rated voltage, rated frequency, connection group number, and number of winding turns; simultaneously, obtain the core structure parameters such as the single frame dimensions and three-phase arrangement parameters of the amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core; obtain the winding body structure parameters such as the radial dimensions, axial height, and number of coils of the winding; obtain the insulation system dielectric parameters such as the relative permittivity of the transformer oil and insulating paperboard; and finally, obtain the material parameters of the conductors used in the equalizing shielding structure.

[0020] This embodiment acquires structural parameters covering three major dimensions: electrical, geometric, and material, laying a solid data foundation for the subsequent construction of a high-fidelity transformer simulation model. Particularly for the special structure of amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core transformers, detailed acquisition of its core geometric parameters, nonlinear magnetization characteristics, and refined winding structural parameters ensures that the simulation model accurately reflects the physical characteristics of the actual product. This fundamentally guarantees the accuracy and reliability of subsequent wave process calculations and electric field simulations, providing a reliable data source for the precise optimization of the equal-voltage shielding structure.

[0021] S2. Construct a transformer simulation model based on structural parameters. After performing wave process calculations on the transformer simulation model, obtain the potential distribution of the winding unit under impulse voltage. Based on the potential distribution, use the voltage values ​​of all winding units at the time corresponding to the maximum voltage value of each winding unit as excitations applied to the cross section of the corresponding winding unit. Perform simulation calculations to obtain the first maximum electric field strength when no equalizing shielding structure is installed. Specifically, the transformer simulation model refers to a digital model of the transformer constructed using finite element simulation software for electric field simulation and wave process calculation. It includes a complete geometric model and material property model of the core, high-voltage winding, low-voltage winding, regulating winding, and insulation system. Wave process calculation refers to the simulation calculation of the propagation process of lightning impulse overvoltage in the transformer windings, used to obtain the real-time potential distribution of each winding unit under impulse voltage. Impulse voltage refers to the standard full-wave lightning impulse voltage specified in power industry standards, which is the standard excitation source for assessing the insulation withstand capability of transformer windings. A winding unit refers to the smallest simulation calculation unit obtained by dividing the transformer winding into coils, and is the basic unit for wave process calculation and electric field simulation. Excitation refers to the voltage boundary conditions applied to each winding unit in electrostatic field simulation, which is the input source for electric field calculation. The first maximum electric field strength refers to the maximum electric field strength value at the end corner positions of the high-voltage winding and regulating winding of the transformer without the addition of a voltage equalization shielding structure; it is the optimized benchmark value in this embodiment, denoted as E_original.

[0022] Schematic, based on the obtained structural parameters, a two-dimensional axisymmetric simulation model including an amorphous alloy core, high-voltage winding, low-voltage winding, and voltage-regulating winding is constructed in ANSYS or COMSOL finite element simulation software. If three-dimensional end effects need to be analyzed, a simplified three-dimensional model can be constructed. Material properties are assigned to each component, the model is meshed, and the mesh is locally refined in the winding end corner region to ensure the accuracy of electric field calculation. Each winding is divided into several winding elements according to the coil shape. The longitudinal capacitance, capacitance to ground, inter-winding capacitance, and inductance parameters of the winding are extracted through finite element electrostatic and magnetic field simulations. Based on the extracted parameters, an equivalent circuit model of the winding is constructed in Multisim circuit software. A standard lightning full-wave impulse voltage is applied, and the real-time potential distribution of each element of the high-voltage winding under the impulse voltage is obtained. Read the maximum voltage value of each winding unit and its corresponding time, filter out the target time corresponding to the maximum potential of the entire winding, extract the voltage value of all winding units at that time, and apply it as electrostatic field excitation to the cross section of the corresponding winding unit; set the core and the outer boundary of the model as the balloon boundary, run the electrostatic field solver, calculate the electric field distribution when no equalizing shielding structure is installed, and extract the maximum electric field intensity at the end corner of the winding, which is the first maximum electric field intensity.

[0023] This embodiment constructs a high-fidelity transformer simulation model and performs a complete wave process-electrostatic field co-simulation to accurately obtain the reference electric field strength at the winding end corner without an equalizing shielding structure. By transforming the dynamic transient process of a standard lightning impulse into equivalent boundary conditions for static electric field analysis, it accurately captures the moment when the winding potential distribution is most severe under the impulse voltage and significantly reduces the computational complexity of subsequent parametric scanning optimization. This provides a quantitative benchmark for the optimization effect of the equalizing shielding structure, ensuring the correctness and effectiveness of the optimization direction.

[0024] Preferably, a transformer simulation model is constructed based on structural parameters, including: Based on the structural parameters, a core simulation model and a winding simulation model are constructed; the winding simulation model includes a high-voltage winding simulation model, a low-voltage winding simulation model, and a voltage-regulating winding simulation model. The winding units of the winding simulation model are meshed, and a transformer simulation model is constructed based on the core simulation model and the meshed winding simulation model.

[0025] Specifically, the core simulation model refers to the digital geometric and material property model of the amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core, constructed in finite element simulation software. It is a core component of the transformer simulation model, used to accurately simulate the magnetic properties and electric field boundary conditions of the core. The winding simulation model refers to the digital geometric and material property model of the high-voltage, low-voltage, and regulating windings of the transformer, constructed in finite element simulation software. It is the core object for wave process calculation and electric field simulation. Meshing, also known as mesh generation, refers to the process of discretizing a continuous geometric model into a finite number of interconnected element meshes. It is the foundation of finite element simulation calculations, and the quality and density of the mesh directly determine the accuracy of the simulation calculations.

[0026] Schematic, based on the obtained core structure parameters, a simulation model of an amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core is constructed in simulation software to accurately reproduce the three-phase symmetrical arrangement structure (three-dimensional model) or axisymmetric core outline (two-dimensional model) of the core, and assign magnetic property parameters of the amorphous alloy material; based on the winding body structure parameters, simulation models of the high-voltage winding, low-voltage winding, and voltage regulating winding are constructed respectively to accurately reproduce the radial dimensions, axial height, number of coils, and interlayer insulation structure of the windings, and assign electrical performance parameters of the copper conductor; ensuring that the relative positions of the three winding simulation models are completely consistent with the winding arrangement of the actual transformer and match the assembly relationship with the core simulation model. The winding simulation model is divided into several winding units according to the coil shape. The entire winding simulation model is then meshed globally. For the winding units in the end corner region to be analyzed later, the mesh is locally refined to ensure that the mesh unit size in this region is no larger than 0.5 mm, thereby improving the accuracy of electric field calculation. The core simulation model is then meshed to suit the specific requirements. The meshed core simulation model, winding simulation model, and insulation region simulation model are then assembled and combined. The relative positions and assembly relationships of each component are set to complete the construction of the entire transformer simulation model. Mesh quality and model consistency are then verified to ensure that the model can be used for subsequent simulation calculations.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, following the example of a 110kV, 63MVA amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core transformer, a two-dimensional axisymmetric core simulation model is constructed in ANSYS simulation software based on the core structure parameters of the transformer. This model restores the core dimensions such as the inner radius, outer radius, and axial height of the core, and assigns the relative permeability of the amorphous alloy material. Simulation models of the three windings—high-voltage winding, low-voltage winding, and regulating winding—are constructed according to their structural dimensions. These models accurately restore the radial thickness, axial height, number of coils, and interlayer oil channel dimensions of each winding, and assign the conductivity and relative permeability of the copper conductor, ensuring that the concentric arrangement of the three windings is completely consistent with the actual transformer. Each winding is divided into independent winding units based on the coils. The winding simulation model is then meshed globally, with a basic mesh unit size of 2mm. Local mesh refinement is performed on the winding units in the end corner regions of the high-voltage and regulating windings, resulting in a maximum mesh unit size of 0.5mm. Finally, the core simulation model is meshed to fit the desired structure, with a basic mesh unit size of 5mm. The meshed core simulation model, the three winding simulation models, and the insulation area simulation models between windings and between windings and ground are assembled. The relative positions and assembly gaps of each component are accurately set to complete the construction of the complete transformer simulation model. The mesh quality of the model is checked to ensure that the Jacobian determinant of the mesh unit is greater than 0.7 and there are no distorted meshes. The model consistency is checked to ensure that the deviation between the model size and the design drawings is no more than 0.1mm.

[0028] This embodiment first constructs simulation models of each component separately, then meshes the winding units, and finally assembles them into a complete transformer simulation model. This ensures that the simulation model can accurately reproduce the actual structure of the transformer, providing an accurate physical basis for subsequent wave process calculations and electric field simulations. Meshing the winding units allows for precise control of the mesh density in each region of the winding, especially the mesh refinement in the end corner regions, significantly improving the accuracy of electric field calculations. The modular modeling approach of modeling and then integrating components improves the flexibility and maintainability of the modeling, facilitating independent parameter adjustments and optimizations for different components. By refining the mesh locally in key areas such as the winding end corners, the accuracy of electric field calculations in areas of concentrated field strength is significantly improved while maintaining overall computational efficiency, ensuring that subsequent optimization results accurately reflect the physical field distribution. Simultaneously, a rigorous mesh quality and model consistency verification mechanism provides strong assurance for the accuracy and reliability of all subsequent simulation calculations.

[0029] Preferably, the potential distribution of the winding unit under impulse voltage is obtained after performing wave process calculations on the transformer simulation model, including: The simulation model of each winding in the transformer simulation model is divided into several winding units according to the coil disc; The longitudinal capacitance, capacitance to ground, inter-winding capacitance, and inductance parameters of each winding unit were determined through finite element electrostatic and magnetic field simulations. Based on the longitudinal capacitance, capacitance to ground, inter-winding capacitance, and inductance parameters of each winding unit, an equivalent circuit model of the winding is constructed. After applying a preset full-wave lightning impulse voltage to the equivalent circuit model of the winding, the potential distribution of the winding unit under the impulse voltage is obtained.

[0030] Specifically, a winding disc, also known as a coil, is the basic unit of a transformer winding. It is a disc-shaped structure made of wire, with multiple coils stacked axially to form a complete winding. Longitudinal capacitance, also known as series capacitance, refers to the capacitance between adjacent coils in the winding and is a core parameter determining the winding potential distribution under impulse voltage. Ground capacitance refers to the capacitance between each coil of the winding and grounded components such as the core and tank, and is a core factor causing uneven winding potential distribution under impulse voltage. Inter-winding capacitance refers to the coupling capacitance between the high-voltage winding, low-voltage winding, and regulating winding. Inductance parameters refer to the self-inductance of each winding unit and the mutual inductance parameters between windings. The equivalent circuit model of the winding refers to a circuit model constructed by equating the capacitance and inductance parameters of each winding unit to lumped parameter circuit elements, used to simulate the propagation process of impulse voltage waves in the winding.

[0031] Schematic, based on the constructed meshed transformer simulation model, and according to the actual transformer winding process, the simulation models of the high-voltage winding, low-voltage winding, and voltage regulating winding are divided into several independent winding units, each with a single coil as the smallest unit. Each winding unit corresponds to one coil of the actual winding, ensuring that the number and size of the winding units are completely consistent with the actual coil, providing an accurate unit basis for subsequent electrical parameter extraction. In the finite element simulation software, electrostatic field simulation and static magnetic field simulation are performed on the transformer simulation model divided into winding units. Through electrostatic field simulation, the longitudinal capacitance between each winding unit, the capacitance to ground between each winding unit and the grounding component, and the inter-winding capacitance between units of different windings are calculated. Through static magnetic field simulation, the self-inductance parameters of each winding unit and the mutual inductance parameters between different winding units are calculated. All the calculated electrical parameters are organized into a parameter matrix, providing a data basis for subsequent equivalent circuit modeling. The extracted electrical parameters of each winding unit are substituted into the circuit simulation software Multisim to construct a multi-unit lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the winding. A standard lightning full-wave impulse voltage of 1.2 / 50μs, as specified by the power industry standard, is applied to the equivalent circuit model, with the peak value being the rated lightning impulse withstand voltage of the transformer. Through transient circuit solution, the potential value of each winding unit at each moment under the impulse voltage is calculated, thus obtaining the real-time potential distribution of the winding unit under the impulse voltage.

[0032] This embodiment transforms the complex electromagnetic field problem into a lumped-parameter circuit problem. Distributed parameters are accurately extracted using the finite element method, and then circuit simulation is combined to efficiently solve for the transient potential distribution. This ensures both the accuracy of parameter extraction and the high efficiency of wave process calculation. Dividing the winding units according to the actual coil ensures a strict correspondence between the model and the physical structure, enabling precise simulation of the propagation, reflection, and oscillation of impulse voltage waves within the winding. This provides a reliable basis for applying accurate electrostatic field excitation and serves as a crucial bridge connecting electromagnetic transient analysis and steady-state electric field analysis.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, following the above embodiment, according to the winding design drawings of the transformer, the high-voltage winding has a total of 477 turns, divided into 42 coils; the low-voltage winding has a total of 79 turns, divided into 6 coils; and the voltage regulating winding is divided into 12 coils. In the meshed transformer simulation model, the three winding simulation models are divided into a corresponding number of independent winding units according to the coils. In the ANSYS simulation software, electrostatic field and static magnetic field simulations are performed on the unitized models. Through electrostatic field simulation, the longitudinal capacitance of each unit of the high-voltage winding is calculated to be 85pF-120pF, the capacitance to ground is 15pF-25pF, and the inter-winding capacitance parameters are calculated. Through static magnetic field simulation, the self-inductance and mutual inductance parameters of each winding unit are calculated. All parameters are organized into a 42nd order parameter matrix. The extracted parameter matrix was input into Multisim software to construct a 42-element lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the high-voltage winding. A standard lightning full-wave impulse voltage with a peak value of 480kV of 1.2 / 50μs was applied to the model, and transient circuit simulation was performed to obtain the potential values ​​of the 42 elements of the high-voltage winding at each microsecond within the time range of 0-100μs, thus obtaining the complete real-time potential distribution of the winding elements.

[0034] This implementation first divides the winding into units based on the coil, then extracts the core electrical parameters of the winding through finite element simulation, and finally constructs an equivalent circuit model to solve for the real-time potential distribution of the winding. This fully replicates the standard process for calculating the lightning impulse wave process of a transformer, ensuring that the calculated potential distribution accurately reflects the actual potential changes of the winding under the impulse voltage, providing accurate input data for subsequent excitation selection and electric field simulation. Using finite element simulation to extract electrical parameters significantly improves the accuracy of parameter calculation compared to traditional empirical formulas, especially for the special winding arrangement of amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core transformers, accurately capturing the complex electromagnetic coupling relationships between windings. Dividing the winding into units based on the actual coil ensures that the equivalent circuit model perfectly matches the physical structure of the actual winding, accurately simulating the propagation process of the impulse voltage wave. Using a standard full-wave lightning impulse voltage as the excitation ensures that the calculated potential distribution corresponds to the most severe lightning impulse condition of the transformer, and optimization based on this can cover the insulation withstand requirements of all operating conditions.

[0035] Preferably, it further includes: the outer boundary of the iron core simulation model and the global boundary of the transformer simulation model are balloon boundaries or zero potential boundaries.

[0036] Specifically, the balloon boundary, also known as the infinite boundary, is a commonly used open-domain boundary condition in finite element electric field simulation. It is used to simulate the infinitely large electric field space around a transformer, avoiding interference from the outer boundary on the electric field calculation results. It is the standard boundary condition for open-domain electric field simulation of transformers. The zero-potential boundary, also known as the ground boundary, is a Dirichlet boundary condition that sets the boundary potential to 0V. It is used to simulate the potential boundary of grounded components such as transformer tanks.

[0037] Indicatively, in the completed transformer simulation model, boundary conditions are set as follows: First, the outer surface boundary of the core simulation model is set as a balloon boundary. If the core is designed to be grounded, it can be set as a zero-potential boundary. Second, the outermost global boundary of the entire transformer simulation model is set as a balloon boundary to simulate the infinite space around the transformer. If the core is designed to be grounded, it can be set as a zero-potential boundary. After the boundary conditions are set, boundary verification is performed to ensure that all outer boundaries have been set and that no free boundaries are omitted.

[0038] This embodiment uses a balloon boundary to simulate an infinitely large open field, effectively eliminating the mirror effect interference of the finite solution domain boundary on the electric field distribution at the winding ends. This makes the calculation results closer to the actual physical field distribution of the transformer in an infinitely large insulating medium (such as transformer oil). This setting is crucial for accurately evaluating the electric field strength in such regions with significant edge effects at the winding ends, avoiding distortion in electric field calculations caused by improper boundary settings, and providing an important guarantee for the accuracy of the optimization results.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the constructed two-dimensional axisymmetric transformer simulation model, the outer boundary of the core simulation model is set as a balloon boundary; the outermost global boundary of the entire model is set as a circular boundary 1000mm away from the outermost edge of the winding, which is also set as a balloon boundary to simulate the infinitely large oil channels and air space around the transformer. All boundaries of the model are traversed and verified to ensure that all outer boundaries have corresponding boundary conditions set, and there are no unset free boundaries; at the same time, the boundary distances are verified to ensure that the distance between the outer boundary and the winding is greater than 5 times the maximum size of the winding, avoiding interference from the boundaries on the calculation of the electric field at the winding ends.

[0040] This embodiment clarifies the standard boundary conditions for electric field simulation, ensuring that the solution domain of the simulation calculation conforms to the actual operating conditions of the transformer, and significantly improving the accuracy of the electric field calculation results. It uses a balloon boundary to simulate an infinitely large space, avoiding the electric field distortion caused by the traditional zero-potential outer boundary, and can accurately restore the open domain electric field distribution at the winding end, especially suitable for the compact structure of amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core transformers. It provides two optional boundary condition schemes, which can be flexibly selected according to the actual grounding design and simulation requirements of the transformer, and adapted to different simulation scenarios.

[0041] S3. Based on the material parameters of the equal-voltage shielding structure, a geometric model of the equal-voltage shielding structure is constructed at the winding end corner position of the transformer simulation model to obtain an optimized simulation model; Specifically, the winding end corner position refers to the junction corner between the axial end and the radial outer side of the high-voltage winding and the voltage regulating winding, which is the area where the electric field concentration is most severe under impulse voltage. The optimized simulation model refers to the simulation model obtained by adding a voltage equalization shielding structure geometric model to the winding end corner position of the original transformer simulation model, which is used for parametric scanning optimization.

[0042] Schematic, based on the obtained material parameters of the equalizing shielding structure, a geometric model of the equalizing shielding ring (equalizing shielding structure) is constructed at the end corner positions of the high-voltage winding and the voltage regulating winding in the original transformer simulation model. The two-dimensional cross-section is a quarter-circle arc structure. The equalizing shielding structure is set as an ideal conductor, the material properties are assigned, and its potential is set to be the same as the end potential of the winding to which it is attached. The constructed geometric model of the equalizing shielding structure is integrated into the original transformer simulation model. After model verification, the optimized simulation model is obtained.

[0043] This embodiment introduces the concept of voltage equalization into the insulation optimization design of an amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core transformer by precisely constructing a voltage equalization shielding structure at the winding end corner where the electric field concentration is most severe. The design of this structure (e.g., a quarter-circular cross-section) aims to smooth the electric field distribution by changing the shape of the local electrodes, fundamentally reducing the maximum field strength at the end, thus laying a model foundation for subsequent optimization of dimensional parameters to obtain the best voltage equalization effect. This solution requires no modification to the main transformer structure, only adding one additional component, and has significant advantages in terms of minimal structural changes and low implementation cost.

[0044] Preferably, based on the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure, a geometric model of the voltage equalization shielding structure is constructed at the winding end corner position of the transformer simulation model to obtain an optimized simulation model, including: Based on the material parameters of the equalizing shield structure, a geometric model of the equalizing shield structure is constructed at the end corner positions of the high-voltage winding simulation model and the voltage regulating winding simulation model of the transformer simulation model. The geometric model is integrated into the transformer simulation model to obtain an optimized simulation model; The potential of the equalizing shield structure is the same as the potential of the end rotation angle of the high-voltage winding simulation model and the voltage regulating winding simulation model.

[0045] Specifically, the potential at the end angle refers to the potential of the coil unit at the end angle position of the high voltage winding and the voltage regulating winding, that is, the excitation potential of the coil unit at the moment corresponding to the maximum value of the overall winding potential obtained by wave process calculation.

[0046] Schematic, based on the obtained material parameters of the equalizing shielding structure, a geometric model of the equalizing shielding ring is constructed in the simulation software at the junction of the axial end and radial outer side of the high-voltage winding simulation model and the voltage regulating winding simulation model (i.e., the area with the most severe field concentration). The two-dimensional cross-section of this geometric model is a quarter-circle arc structure, with the center of the arc facing the inner side of the winding, and the outer side of the arc smoothly transitioning to the winding end and outer side. During initial modeling, the material properties of the equalizing shielding structure are set to ideal conductor, which can be adjusted later according to the actual material parameters. The constructed geometric model of the equalizing shielding structure is assembled with the original transformer simulation model to ensure that the relative position of the equalizing shielding structure and the corresponding winding end corner is accurate, without interference or gaps. After assembly, the mesh of the surrounding area of ​​the equalizing shielding structure is refined to ensure the accuracy of the electric field calculation in this area. After completing the model assembly and mesh optimization, an optimized simulation model with the equalizing shielding structure is obtained, and the model is verified to ensure that it can be used for subsequent parametric scanning simulation. In the optimized simulation model, a potential boundary condition is set for the voltage equalization shielding structure, and its potential value is set to be exactly the same as the potential value of the coil cell at the end corner of the high voltage winding / voltage regulating winding to which it is attached. This potential value is the voltage value of the corresponding coil cell at the moment of excitation application, which is calculated by the wave process; to ensure that the voltage equalization shielding structure and the winding end are at the same potential and there is no potential difference.

[0047] The shielding structure in this embodiment attracts electric field lines, allowing for a smooth transition and eliminating electric field concentration at the original geometric sharp corners. Optimization is applied only to the most critical windings, reflecting a precise optimization design philosophy and minimizing the impact on the original transformer structure and manufacturing process.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, following the above embodiments, based on the aluminum alloy material parameters of the equalizing shield ring, geometric models of the equalizing shield ring are constructed in the simulation software for the outer corner positions of the upper end of the high-voltage winding and the upper end of the voltage regulating winding, respectively. The two-dimensional cross-section is a quarter-circle arc, the initial radius of curvature is set to 50mm, and the initial axial installation distance is set to 10mm. The material properties of the shielding structure are set to ideal conductor. The geometric models of the two equalizing shield rings are assembled with the original transformer simulation model to ensure that the relative positions of the shield rings and the winding end corners are accurate and without interference. The mesh is refined within a 10mm radius around the shield rings, with a maximum mesh cell size of 0.3mm. After assembly and mesh optimization, an optimized simulation model is obtained. In the optimized simulation model, the potential of the equalizing shield ring on the high-voltage winding side is set to be the same as the excitation potential of the high-voltage winding end corner disc; the potential of the equalizing shield ring on the voltage regulating winding side is set to be the same as the excitation potential of the voltage regulating winding end corner disc; the potential boundary conditions are set.

[0049] This embodiment precisely covers the area with the most severe field strength concentration under impulse voltage, ensuring the targeted nature of voltage equalization optimization and maximizing the field strength suppression effect. It clarifies the equipotential setting requirements of the voltage equalization shielding structure, which is the core prerequisite for achieving the voltage equalization effect. The equipotential shielding structure can smooth the electric field line distribution at the corners of the winding ends, avoid electric field concentration at sharp corners, and reduce the maximum field strength at the ends from the root. It clarifies that the shielding structure is only set at the ends of the high-voltage and voltage-regulating windings, without the need to modify the low-voltage winding, minimizing the impact on the original transformer structure and reducing the difficulty of process implementation and manufacturing cost.

[0050] S4. Within the preset parameter range, perform parameter scanning simulation on the optimized simulation model to obtain several combinations of curvature radii and axial installation distances of the equal-voltage shielding structure and the corresponding second maximum electric field strength. Specifically, parameter scanning simulation refers to the simulation process of using the parametric analysis function of simulation software to traverse the key dimensional variables of the equalizing shield structure within a preset range, and obtain the electric field distribution results under different dimensional combinations. The radius of curvature refers to the radius of curvature of the arc cross-section of the equalizing shield ring, which is a core dimensional parameter determining the equalizing effect, denoted as R. The axial installation distance refers to the axial vertical distance between the center of the equalizing shield ring and the corresponding end corner point of the winding, which is a core parameter determining the installation position of the equalizing shield ring, denoted as H. The second maximum electric field strength refers to the maximum electric field strength value at the end corner position of the transformer's high-voltage winding and regulating winding after adding equalizing shield structures with different dimensional parameters; it is the core judgment index for parameter optimization in this embodiment.

[0051] Schematic, firstly, the scanning range of the radius of curvature R of the equalizing shielding structure is preset to 20mm-100mm, and the scanning range of the axial installation distance H is 0mm-50mm, with a scanning step size of 5mm for both sets of parameters; the parametric scanning function of the simulation software is called to traverse and simulate all combinations of R and H, and an electrostatic field solution is completed for each combination of dimensions, and the maximum electric field intensity at the end corner of the winding under that set of parameters is calculated, which is the second maximum electric field intensity corresponding to that combination of dimensions; all combinations of dimensions and their corresponding second maximum electric field intensities are compiled into a data table to complete the parametric scanning simulation.

[0052] This embodiment employs a parametric scanning method to automate and iterate the optimization of key dimensions (radius of curvature R and axial installation distance H) of the equal-pressure shielding structure. This method systematically explores the design space, avoiding the limitations of relying on experience or single-point trial and error, and ensuring that a globally optimal solution within a preset range is found, rather than a locally optimal solution. By setting a reasonable scanning range and step size, computational costs are controlled while ensuring optimization accuracy, providing an efficient, scientific, and reliable parameter optimization method for engineering design.

[0053] S5. For the radius of curvature and axial installation distance with the minimum second maximum electric field strength, reconstruct the geometric model of the equal-voltage shielding structure in the optimized simulation model and re-simulate to obtain the optimized maximum electric field strength. Specifically, the optimized maximum electric field strength refers to the maximum electric field strength value at the end corner of the winding after adopting the voltage equalization shielding structure with the selected optimal size parameters, denoted as E_optimized.

[0054] Schematic, the second maximum electric field strength of all size combinations obtained from parameter scanning is sorted, and the radius of curvature and axial installation distance corresponding to the minimum value of the second maximum electric field strength are selected as the optimal size combination within the preset range. The optimal size combination is then substituted into the optimization simulation model to reconstruct the geometric model of the equal-voltage shielding structure. A more refined meshing method than that used in the parameter scanning stage is adopted to perform high-precision electrostatic field verification simulation, and the maximum electric field strength at the optimized winding end corner position is obtained, which is the optimized maximum electric field strength.

[0055] In this embodiment, after obtaining the optimal size combination through parameter scanning, the model is reconstructed and a higher-precision mesh is used for verification simulation. This effectively eliminates minor errors that may be caused by mesh adaptation differences or calculation tolerances during the parameter scanning process, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the final optimization results.

[0056] S6. Evaluate the field strength variation range based on the optimized maximum electric field strength and the first maximum electric field strength. When the field strength variation range is greater than the preset amplitude threshold, use the corresponding radius of curvature and axial installation distance as the final optimization parameters of the equalization shielding structure in the transformer to be optimized.

[0057] Specifically, the electric field strength change amplitude refers to the percentage reduction in the maximum electric field strength at the winding end before and after optimization, denoted as η, and is calculated using the formula: η = (E_original - E_optimized) / E_original × 100%. The preset amplitude threshold refers to the minimum electric field strength reduction ratio that is pre-set to determine whether the optimization effect of the equal-voltage shielding structure meets the standard. In this embodiment, the preset amplitude threshold is not less than 30%.

[0058] To illustrate, the reduction in field strength (field strength change amplitude) is calculated, and the calculation result is compared with a preset amplitude threshold. If the field strength change amplitude is greater than the preset amplitude threshold, the optimization effect is determined to be satisfactory, and the curvature radius and axial installation distance of this group are used as the final optimization parameters of the equal pressure shielding structure. If the target is not met, the parameter scanning range is expanded, and the optimization is repeated until the optimization effect is satisfactory.

[0059] This embodiment achieves quantitative evaluation and closed-loop control of the optimization effect by using the magnitude of field strength variation and a preset magnitude threshold. This not only ensures that the optimized solution achieves the expected technical indicators (i.e., significantly reducing the field strength at the ends), but also provides clear acceptance criteria for engineering design. If the criteria are not met, the system automatically enters the next round of optimization, forming a closed-loop iterative mechanism until a solution that meets the requirements is found. This demonstrates the rigor and adaptability of the method, avoids the subjectivity of judgment based on experience, and ensures the effectiveness of the final optimized solution.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on transformer simulation modeling and with wave process calculation under lightning impact as the core, the potential distribution and reference electric field strength of the winding under the worst operating conditions are accurately captured. By adding a voltage equalization shielding structure in the field strength concentration area at the winding end, and using the radius of curvature and axial installation distance as core optimization variables, parametric scanning simulation is used to traverse all feasible size combinations to select the size parameters with the best field strength suppression effect. Finally, high-precision verification simulation confirms the optimization effect and outputs the final solution. This method does not require changing the main structure of the transformer, nor does it require thickening the insulation material or adding a complex capacitor compensation network. It can obtain a voltage equalization shielding scheme adapted to the special structure of the amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core transformer through digital simulation optimization alone, thereby suppressing the electric field concentration phenomenon at the winding end from the root. This embodiment is adapted to the compact three-column structure and complex electromagnetic coupling characteristics of amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core transformers, solving the pain point that existing insulation optimization schemes cannot adapt to the special structure of this type of transformer, filling a gap in the industry. Through full parameter traversal optimization, the maximum electric field strength at the winding ends can be reduced, fundamentally solving the problem of electric field concentration under impulse voltage, and significantly improving the safety margin of the transformer insulation system. Moreover, it does not require increasing the insulation distance or thickening the insulation material, and will not increase the transformer size or manufacturing cost. The optimized equalizing shielding ring structure is simple and easy to install, without changing the original main structure of the transformer and the winding process, making it suitable for mass production. It can be adapted to amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core transformers of different voltage levels and capacities, and can be directly applied to the product design stage, significantly shortening the insulation design cycle and reducing design costs.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a 110kV, 63MVA amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core transformer is used as the optimization object. First, the core parameters of the transformer are obtained: rated capacity 63000kVA, rated frequency 50Hz, connection group designation Ydn11, rated voltage of the high-voltage winding 110kV and 477 turns, and rated voltage of the low-voltage winding 10.5kV and 79 turns. Simultaneously, the geometric parameters of the amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound core, the structural dimensions of the three-phase windings, the dielectric parameters of the transformer oil and insulating paperboard, and the aluminum alloy material parameters of the equalizing shield ring are obtained. A two-dimensional axisymmetric simulation model of the transformer is established in ANSYS simulation software, including the amorphous alloy core... The model consists of a core, high-voltage winding, low-voltage winding, and voltage regulating winding. Material values ​​are assigned to each component: the core is an amorphous alloy magnetic material, the windings are copper conductors, and the insulation region is a composite insulating medium with a relative permittivity of 3.5. The model is meshed, and the mesh is locally refined in the corner region at the winding ends. The potential distribution of each unit in the winding under the standard lightning full-wave impulse voltage is obtained through wave process calculations. The moment corresponding to the maximum overall potential of the winding is selected, and the full winding voltage at that moment is extracted as the excitation. The core and outer boundary are set as balloon boundaries, and the electrostatic field solver is run. The first maximum electric field strength at the corner of the high-voltage winding end is found to be 18.2 kV / mm without the addition of an equalizing shielding ring. A geometric model of an equalizing shielding ring is constructed at the end corners of the high-voltage winding and the voltage regulating winding. The two-dimensional cross-section is a quarter circle arc, set as an ideal conductor, and the potential is the same as the potential at the end of the winding. The optimized simulation model is obtained by integrating the two models. The curvature radius R is set to scan within a range of 20mm-100mm, the axial mounting distance H is set to scan within a range of 0mm-50mm, and the step size is 5mm. The parametric scanning function of COMSOL software is called to traverse all size combinations and obtain the second maximum electric field intensity corresponding to each set of parameters. After scanning and screening, the second maximum electric field strength reached a minimum of 11.8 kV / mm when R=45mm and H=15mm, which is the optimal size combination within this range. The optimal parameter model was reconstructed, and high-precision verification simulation was performed using a denser mesh. The optimized maximum electric field strength was found to be 11.7 kV / mm. The calculated field strength reduction η=(18.2-11.7) / 18.2×100%≈35.7% is greater than the preset amplitude threshold of 30%, and the optimization effect meets the standard. Finally, the optimal parameters for the transformer equalization shielding structure were determined to be a radius of curvature of 45mm and an axial installation distance of 15mm.

[0062] Currently, to address the issues of low mechanical strength and significant magnetostriction in amorphous alloy strips, a three-dimensional wound core structure is commonly used. This structure consists of three identical single-frame cores arranged symmetrically at 120° intervals, offering advantages such as perfectly symmetrical three-phase magnetic circuits, low magnetic reluctance, and uniform mechanical stress. However, this unique compact three-column structure also results in a significant difference in winding arrangement compared to traditional laminated transformers, leading to more complex electromagnetic coupling relationships between windings. Furthermore, transformers inevitably experience operational overvoltages from the power grid or lightning impulse overvoltages from the natural environment. These overvoltages have steep waveforms and high frequencies, causing uneven potential distributions in the transformer windings and resulting in a sharp increase in local field strength, posing a severe challenge to the insulation system. For amorphous alloy three-dimensional wound transformers, with their more compact structure and significantly different magnetostrictive properties, the internal electromagnetic transient characteristics differ from those of traditional silicon steel sheet transformers, presenting new and more complex challenges to their insulation performance under impulse voltages. For transformer winding insulation design, the industry typically relies on empirical formulas, static electric field calculations, and standard type tests. During the design phase, engineers will establish a lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the winding to simulate and analyze the wave process under lightning strikes in order to evaluate the potential distribution at each point of the winding; then, using finite element software, they will perform electric field simulation under potential boundary conditions at a specific moment to identify areas with excessively high field strength.

[0063] By implementing this embodiment, an equalizing shielding structure is added at the winding end corners to actively smooth the electric field distribution and reduce the peak electric field strength at the ends, fundamentally solving the problem of electric field concentration. This eliminates the need to increase the insulation distance between windings or thicken the insulation material, avoiding the problems of increased transformer size, increased oil consumption, and increased insulation material consumption associated with conventional solutions. Simultaneously, without altering the main structure, manufacturing costs and process complexity are significantly controlled. Only the equalizing shielding structure is added at the winding ends, without any modifications to the transformer core, windings, or other main structures, and without changing the existing production process of amorphous alloy transformers, thus avoiding the drawbacks of complex design and high manufacturing costs. A quantitative verification process, where the electric field strength variation exceeds a preset threshold, ensures accurate achievement of the optimization effect. Optimal insulation performance is achieved with minimal structural modifications, ultimately directly outputting two core parameters: the radius of curvature and the axial installation distance. No manual estimation or secondary adjustment is required, adapting to the large-scale production of transformers and solving the problem of poor consistency in manually estimated dimensions, thus improving the dimensional accuracy of the equalizing shielding structure.

[0064] See Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a transformer winding end voltage equalization shielding structure optimization device according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a structural parameter acquisition module, used to acquire the structural parameters of the transformer to be optimized; wherein, the structural parameters include core structure parameters and material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure; The transformer simulation model excitation module is used to construct a transformer simulation model based on structural parameters. After performing wave process calculations on the transformer simulation model, the potential distribution of the winding unit under impulse voltage is obtained. Based on the potential distribution, the voltage values ​​of all winding units at the time corresponding to the maximum voltage value of each winding unit are used as excitations and applied to the cross section of the corresponding winding unit. Simulation calculations are performed to obtain the first maximum electric field strength when no equalizing shielding structure is installed. The simulation model construction module is optimized to construct the geometric model of the voltage equalization shielding structure at the winding end corner position of the transformer simulation model based on the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure, thereby obtaining the optimized simulation model. The voltage equalization shielding structure size simulation module is used to perform parameter scanning simulation on the optimized simulation model within the preset parameter value range, and obtain several combinations of curvature radii and axial installation distances of the voltage equalization shielding structure as well as the corresponding second maximum electric field strength. The maximum electric field strength optimization module is used to reconstruct the geometric model of the equal-voltage shielding structure in the optimization simulation model and re-simulate it for the radius of curvature and axial installation distance that minimize the second maximum electric field strength, so as to obtain the optimized maximum electric field strength. The final optimization parameter determination module is used to evaluate the field strength variation range based on the optimized maximum electric field strength and the first maximum electric field strength. When the field strength variation range is greater than the preset amplitude threshold, the corresponding radius of curvature and axial installation distance are used as the final optimization parameters of the equalization shielding structure in the transformer to be optimized.

[0065] Preferably, the transformer simulation model excitation module is used to construct a transformer simulation model based on structural parameters, including: Based on the structural parameters, a core simulation model and a winding simulation model are constructed; the winding simulation model includes a high-voltage winding simulation model, a low-voltage winding simulation model, and a voltage-regulating winding simulation model. The winding units of the winding simulation model are meshed, and a transformer simulation model is constructed based on the core simulation model and the meshed winding simulation model.

[0066] Preferably, the transformer simulation model excitation module is used to obtain the potential distribution of the winding unit under impulse voltage after performing wave process calculations on the transformer simulation model, including: The simulation model of each winding in the transformer simulation model is divided into several winding units according to the coil disc; The longitudinal capacitance, capacitance to ground, inter-winding capacitance, and inductance parameters of each winding unit were determined through finite element electrostatic and magnetic field simulations. Based on the longitudinal capacitance, capacitance to ground, inter-winding capacitance, and inductance parameters of each winding unit, an equivalent circuit model of the winding is constructed. After applying a preset full-wave lightning impulse voltage to the equivalent circuit model of the winding, the potential distribution of the winding unit under the impulse voltage is obtained.

[0067] Preferably, it also includes a model boundary setting module, which is used to set the outer boundary of the iron core simulation model and the global boundary of the transformer simulation model as a balloon boundary or a zero potential boundary.

[0068] Preferably, the optimized simulation model construction module is used to construct a geometric model of the voltage equalization shielding structure at the winding end corner position of the transformer simulation model based on the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure, thereby obtaining an optimized simulation model, including: Based on the material parameters of the equalizing shield structure, a geometric model of the equalizing shield structure is constructed at the end corner positions of the high-voltage winding simulation model and the voltage regulating winding simulation model of the transformer simulation model. The geometric model is integrated into the transformer simulation model to obtain an optimized simulation model; The potential of the equalizing shield structure is the same as the potential of the end rotation angle of the high-voltage winding simulation model and the voltage regulating winding simulation model.

[0069] This invention provides an optimization device for the voltage equalization shielding structure at the winding end of a transformer. The device acquires the structural parameters of the transformer to be optimized using a structural parameter acquisition module. These structural parameters include core structural parameters and material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure. In the transformer simulation model excitation module, a transformer simulation model is constructed based on the structural parameters. Wave process calculations are performed on the transformer simulation model to obtain the potential distribution of the winding units under impulse voltage. Based on the potential distribution, the voltage values ​​of all winding units at the moment corresponding to the maximum voltage value of each winding unit are used as excitation and applied to the cross-section of the corresponding winding unit. Simulation calculations are performed to obtain the first maximum electric field strength without the voltage equalization shielding structure. In the optimization simulation model construction module, based on the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure, a voltage equalization shielding structure is constructed at the corner position of the winding end of the transformer simulation model. The geometric model of the structure is used to obtain an optimized simulation model. Based on the voltage equalization shielding structure size simulation module, within the preset parameter range, parameter scanning simulation is performed on the optimized simulation model to obtain several combinations of curvature radii and axial mounting distances of the voltage equalization shielding structure, as well as the corresponding second maximum electric field strength. Then, in the maximum electric field strength optimization module, for the curvature radius and axial mounting distance with the smallest second maximum electric field strength, the geometric model of the voltage equalization shielding structure is reconstructed in the optimized simulation model and re-simulated to obtain the optimized maximum electric field strength. Finally, in the final optimization parameter determination module, the field strength variation amplitude is evaluated based on the optimized maximum electric field strength and the first maximum electric field strength. When the field strength variation amplitude exceeds a preset amplitude threshold, the corresponding curvature radius and axial mounting distance are used as the final optimization parameters for the voltage equalization shielding structure in the transformer to be optimized.

[0070] By adding a voltage-equalizing shielding structure at the winding end corners, the electric field distribution is actively smoothed, and the peak electric field strength at the ends is reduced, fundamentally solving the problem of electric field concentration. This eliminates the need to increase the insulation distance between windings or thicken the insulation material, avoiding the problems of increased transformer size, oil consumption, and insulation material usage associated with conventional solutions. Simultaneously, without altering the main structure, manufacturing costs and process complexity are significantly controlled. Only the voltage-equalizing shielding structure is added at the winding ends, without any modifications to the transformer core, windings, or other main structures, and without changing the existing production process of amorphous alloy transformers, thus avoiding the drawbacks of complex design and high manufacturing costs. A quantitative verification process, where the electric field strength variation exceeds a preset threshold, ensures accurate achievement of the optimization effect. Optimal insulation performance is achieved with minimal structural modifications, ultimately directly outputting two core parameters: the radius of curvature and the axial installation distance. No manual estimation or secondary adjustment is required, adapting to large-scale transformer production and solving the problem of poor consistency in manually estimated dimensions, thus improving the dimensional accuracy of the voltage-equalizing shielding structure.

[0071] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings of the device embodiments provided by this invention, the connection relationships between modules indicate that they have communication connections, which can be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the device described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements a method for optimizing the voltage equalization shielding structure at the ends of a transformer winding as described in the above embodiments. The terminal device may be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, or cloud server, etc. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory.

[0074] The processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor is the control center of the terminal device, connecting all parts of the terminal device via various interfaces and lines.

[0075] The memory can be used to store the computer program. The processor implements various functions of the terminal device by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory and calling data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function, etc.; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the mobile phone, etc. In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, RAM, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0076] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the voltage equalization shielding structure optimization method for the transformer winding end described in the above embodiment.

[0077] The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file, or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording media, USB flash drive, portable hard drive, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc.

[0078] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the voltage-equalizing shielding structure at the ends of a transformer winding, characterized in that, include: Obtain the structural parameters of the transformer to be optimized; wherein, the structural parameters include the core structure parameters and the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure; A transformer simulation model is constructed based on structural parameters. After wave process calculation is performed on the transformer simulation model, the potential distribution of the winding unit under impulse voltage is obtained. Based on the potential distribution, the voltage values ​​of all winding units at the time corresponding to the maximum voltage value of each winding unit are used as excitations and applied to the cross section of the corresponding winding unit. Simulation calculation is performed to obtain the first maximum electric field strength when no equalizing shielding structure is installed. Based on the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure, a geometric model of the voltage equalization shielding structure is constructed at the winding end corner position of the transformer simulation model to obtain an optimized simulation model; Within the preset parameter range, the optimized simulation model is subjected to parameter scanning simulation to obtain several combinations of curvature radii and axial installation distances of the equal-voltage shielding structure, as well as the corresponding second maximum electric field strength. For the radius of curvature and axial installation distance with the minimum second maximum electric field strength, the geometric model of the equal-voltage shielding structure is reconstructed in the optimized simulation model and the simulation is repeated to obtain the optimized maximum electric field strength. The magnitude of field strength variation is evaluated based on the optimized maximum electric field strength and the first maximum electric field strength. When the magnitude of field strength variation exceeds the preset magnitude threshold, the corresponding radius of curvature and axial installation distance are used as the final optimization parameters of the equalization shielding structure in the transformer to be optimized.

2. The method for optimizing the voltage equalization shielding structure at the ends of a transformer winding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A transformer simulation model is constructed based on structural parameters, including: Based on the structural parameters, a core simulation model and a winding simulation model are constructed; the winding simulation model includes a high-voltage winding simulation model, a low-voltage winding simulation model, and a voltage-regulating winding simulation model. The winding units of the winding simulation model are meshed, and a transformer simulation model is constructed based on the core simulation model and the meshed winding simulation model.

3. The method for optimizing the voltage-equalizing shielding structure at the ends of a transformer winding as described in claim 2, characterized in that, After performing wave process calculations on the transformer simulation model, the potential distribution of the winding unit under impulse voltage is obtained, including: The simulation model of each winding in the transformer simulation model is divided into several winding units according to the coil disc; The longitudinal capacitance, capacitance to ground, inter-winding capacitance, and inductance parameters of each winding unit were determined through finite element electrostatic and magnetic field simulations. Based on the longitudinal capacitance, capacitance to ground, inter-winding capacitance, and inductance parameters of each winding unit, an equivalent circuit model of the winding is constructed. After applying a preset full-wave lightning impulse voltage to the equivalent circuit model of the winding, the potential distribution of the winding unit under the impulse voltage is obtained.

4. The method for optimizing the voltage-equalizing shielding structure at the ends of a transformer winding as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outer boundary of the iron core simulation model and the global boundary of the transformer simulation model are either balloon boundaries or zero-potential boundaries.

5. The method for optimizing the voltage-equalizing shielding structure at the ends of a transformer winding as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure, a geometric model of the voltage equalization shielding structure is constructed at the winding end corner position of the transformer simulation model to obtain an optimized simulation model, including: Based on the material parameters of the equalizing shield structure, a geometric model of the equalizing shield structure is constructed at the end corner positions of the high-voltage winding simulation model and the voltage regulating winding simulation model of the transformer simulation model. The geometric model is integrated into the transformer simulation model to obtain an optimized simulation model; The potential of the equalizing shield structure is the same as the potential of the end rotation angle of the high-voltage winding simulation model and the voltage regulating winding simulation model.

6. A device for optimizing the voltage-equalizing shielding structure at the ends of a transformer winding, characterized in that, include: The structural parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the structural parameters of the transformer to be optimized; wherein, the structural parameters include the core structure parameters and the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure; The transformer simulation model excitation module is used to construct a transformer simulation model based on structural parameters. After performing wave process calculations on the transformer simulation model, the potential distribution of the winding unit under impulse voltage is obtained. Based on the potential distribution, the voltage values ​​of all winding units at the time corresponding to the maximum voltage value of each winding unit are used as excitations and applied to the cross section of the corresponding winding unit. Simulation calculations are performed to obtain the first maximum electric field strength when no equalizing shielding structure is installed. The simulation model construction module is optimized to construct the geometric model of the voltage equalization shielding structure at the winding end corner position of the transformer simulation model based on the material parameters of the voltage equalization shielding structure, thereby obtaining the optimized simulation model. The voltage equalization shielding structure size simulation module is used to perform parameter scanning simulation on the optimized simulation model within the preset parameter value range, and obtain several combinations of curvature radii and axial installation distances of the voltage equalization shielding structure as well as the corresponding second maximum electric field strength. The maximum electric field strength optimization module is used to reconstruct the geometric model of the equal-voltage shielding structure in the optimization simulation model and re-simulate it for the radius of curvature and axial installation distance that minimize the second maximum electric field strength, so as to obtain the optimized maximum electric field strength. The final optimization parameter determination module is used to evaluate the field strength variation range based on the optimized maximum electric field strength and the first maximum electric field strength. When the field strength variation range is greater than the preset amplitude threshold, the corresponding radius of curvature and axial installation distance are used as the final optimization parameters of the equalization shielding structure in the transformer to be optimized.

7. The voltage equalization shielding structure optimization device at the end of a transformer winding as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The transformer simulation model excitation module is used to construct a transformer simulation model based on structural parameters, including: Based on the structural parameters, a core simulation model and a winding simulation model are constructed; the winding simulation model includes a high-voltage winding simulation model, a low-voltage winding simulation model, and a voltage-regulating winding simulation model. The winding units of the winding simulation model are meshed, and a transformer simulation model is constructed based on the core simulation model and the meshed winding simulation model.

8. The voltage equalization shielding structure optimization device at the end of a transformer winding as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The transformer simulation model excitation module is used to calculate the wave process of the transformer simulation model and obtain the potential distribution of the winding unit under impulse voltage, including: The simulation model of each winding in the transformer simulation model is divided into several winding units according to the coil disc; The longitudinal capacitance, capacitance to ground, inter-winding capacitance, and inductance parameters of each winding unit were determined through finite element electrostatic and magnetic field simulations. Based on the longitudinal capacitance, capacitance to ground, inter-winding capacitance, and inductance parameters of each winding unit, an equivalent circuit model of the winding is constructed. After applying a preset full-wave lightning impulse voltage to the equivalent circuit model of the winding, the potential distribution of the winding unit under the impulse voltage is obtained.

9. A terminal device, characterized in that, The device includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements a method for optimizing the voltage equalization shielding structure at the ends of a transformer winding as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform a method for optimizing the voltage equalization shielding structure at the ends of a transformer winding as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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