A disconnector, a switching control method and system of the disconnector

Abstract

The application provides an isolating switch, an opening and closing control method and system of the isolating switch, and relates to the technical field of isolating switches. The isolating switch comprises a switch body, an excitation mechanism and a capacitor module. The switch body comprises a contact unit. The excitation mechanism comprises an excitation assembly and an execution assembly, and the part of the execution assembly close to the contact unit is connected with the contact unit. The capacitor module is electrically connected with the excitation assembly. When the capacitor module discharges, the excitation assembly is provided with electric energy, so that the excitation assembly is electrified to act and drive the execution assembly to act. When the execution assembly acts, the contact unit is driven to act, so as to control the opening and closing of the switch body. The isolating switch provided by the application can improve the action speed while keeping high reliability, simplify the mechanical structure, effectively reduce the manufacturing cost, and can well adapt to the comprehensive requirements of new energy and other fields on the isolating switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of disconnecting switch technology, and in particular to a disconnecting switch, a disconnecting switch opening and closing control method and system. Background Technology

[0002] A disconnecting switch is a critical electrical switching device that ensures the required isolation function when in the open position. It is widely used in power distribution systems, industrial control, and new energy power generation to provide reliable electrical isolation under no-load or low-load conditions, ensuring the safety of equipment maintenance and repair. With the increasing automation and intelligence of power systems, especially the rapid development of new energy fields such as photovoltaics, energy storage, and electric vehicle charging facilities, higher demands are being placed on the operation of disconnecting switches. Traditional manual operation is no longer sufficient to meet the needs of remote centralized control, rapid response, and frequent operation. Therefore, the application scenarios for disconnecting switches with remote electric operation capabilities are increasing.

[0003] Currently, the operation methods of disconnect switches mainly include manual operation, manual operation combined with remote tripping, manual operation combined with remote electric operation, and a composite mode that combines manual, remote electric, and on-site electric operation. Among these, remote and on-site electric operation functions are gradually becoming standard configurations in mid-to-high-end application scenarios.

[0004] However, the electrically operated method of disconnecting switches in related technologies suffers from problems such as slow operating speed, complex parts, and high cost. Therefore, the industry urgently needs a new type of disconnecting switch whose electrically operated method can improve operating speed, simplify mechanical structure, and effectively reduce manufacturing costs while maintaining high reliability, in order to meet the comprehensive requirements of disconnecting switches in fields such as new energy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a disconnecting switch, a method and system for controlling the opening and closing of the disconnecting switch. The electric operation mode of the disconnecting switch can improve the operating speed, simplify the mechanical structure, and effectively reduce the manufacturing cost while maintaining high reliability. It can well meet the comprehensive requirements of disconnecting switches in fields such as new energy.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a disconnecting switch, including a switch body, an excitation mechanism, and a capacitor module. The switch body includes a contact unit. The excitation mechanism includes an excitation component and an actuation component, with the actuation component connected to the contact unit near the contact unit. The capacitor module is electrically connected to the excitation component. When the capacitor module discharges, it provides electrical energy to the excitation component, energizing the excitation component and causing it to actuate, which in turn actuates the actuation component; when the actuation component actuates, it actuates the contact unit, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the switch body.

[0007] The disconnecting switch provided in this application has a capacitor module electrically connected to the excitation component in the excitation mechanism. When the capacitor element in the capacitor module discharges, it can provide electrical energy to the coil in the excitation component, causing the iron core in the excitation component to be energized and actuated, thereby driving the actuator in the excitation mechanism to actuate. Since the actuator is connected to the contact unit in the switch body, the actuation of the actuator can drive the contact unit to actuate, specifically driving the moving contact in the contact unit to actuate, thereby causing the moving contact to contact or separate from the stationary contact in the contact unit, realizing the closing or opening of the switch body.

[0008] Because the discharge of capacitor elements is instantaneous, the discharge of capacitor elements can drive the excitation component to move rapidly, which in turn causes the actuator to move rapidly, and then drives the contact unit to move in a timely and fast manner, thereby controlling the switch body to open and close quickly. The scheme of controlling the excitation component by capacitor element discharge in this application only requires charging and storing energy in the capacitor element before each opening and closing operation, unlike existing technologies that require setting up and storing energy in the spring. The speed of charging and storing energy in the capacitor element is faster than the speed of storing energy in the spring. The excitation mechanism of this application moves rapidly, with a duration in the millisecond range. Therefore, the scheme of this application effectively improves the operating speed of the excitation mechanism, thereby effectively improving the opening and closing speed of the disconnecting switch, reducing the possibility of arc generation, and improving the reliability of the electric operation mode.

[0009] In addition, compared with the mechanism of the frame circuit breaker borrowed from the prior art, the excitation mechanism of this application has fewer parts, simpler structure, and lower part processing and assembly costs.

[0010] In summary, the disconnecting switch provided in this application, with its electric operation mode, can improve the operating speed, simplify the mechanical structure, and effectively reduce the manufacturing cost while maintaining high reliability. It can well meet the comprehensive requirements of disconnecting switches in fields such as new energy.

[0011] In one possible design, the capacitor module is connected to the main circuit to draw power from it. The main circuit is the circuit containing the switch body.

[0012] With the above solution, the capacitor module is connected to the main circuit, so that the capacitor element in the capacitor module can draw power from the main circuit to store energy without having to set up an additional power supply to charge the capacitor element. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring that the capacitor element can charge and store energy normally, the number of disconnecting switch parts will not be increased, and the structure of the disconnecting switch will not be complicated.

[0013] In one possible design, the disconnecting switch also includes a control unit electrically connected to the capacitor module, which is capable of controlling the charging and discharging of the capacitor module.

[0014] With the above scheme, when the disconnecting switch includes a control unit and the control unit is electrically connected to the capacitor module, only an electrical control signal needs to be input to the control unit to control the charging and discharging of the capacitor module, and then control the opening and closing of the disconnecting switch by controlling the action of the excitation mechanism.

[0015] In one possible design, the control unit includes a control element, a first switch element, a second switch element, a third switch element, a charging resistor, and a discharging resistor.

[0016] The main contact terminal of the first switching element and the charging resistor are connected in series between the positive terminal of the power supply and the first terminal of the capacitor element in the capacitor module. The main contact terminal of the second switching element is connected in series between the negative terminal of the power supply and the second terminal of the capacitor element. The first and second switching elements are also connected to the control element. The main contact terminal of the third switching element and the discharge resistor are connected in series between the first end and the first terminal of the coil; the first terminal of the capacitor element is also connected to the first end of the coil in the excitation assembly, the second terminal of the capacitor element is also connected to the second end of the coil, and the third switching element is also connected to the control element.

[0017] Through the above scheme, the control unit controls the first and second switches to close, and controls the third switch to open. The first terminal of the capacitor module is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply through the first switch and the charging resistor, and the second terminal of the capacitor module is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the second switch. At this time, the capacitor element can draw power from the main circuit. The control unit controls the first and second switches to open, and controls the third switch to close. The first terminal of the capacitor module is connected to the first end of the coil in the excitation assembly through the third switch and the discharge resistor. At this time, the capacitor element can discharge to the excitation assembly.

[0018] In one possible design, the control unit also includes a fourth switch. A charging resistor is located between the first switch and the capacitor element, and the main contact terminals of the fourth switch are connected to the end of the charging resistor furthest from the capacitor element, and to the second terminal of the capacitor element.

[0019] Through the above scheme, after receiving the energy release signal, the control unit controls the first, second, and third switches to open and the fourth switch to close, thereby connecting the first and second terminals of the capacitor module and the charging resistor. At this time, the capacitor elements in the capacitor module can release energy by charging the charging resistor, thus releasing energy from the capacitor elements. Therefore, when the disconnect switch is under maintenance, the capacitor elements are not energized after releasing energy, facilitating personal safety.

[0020] Secondly, this application provides a method for controlling the opening and closing of a disconnecting switch, used to control the opening and closing of the aforementioned disconnecting switch, the method comprising: The capacitor module discharges to the excitation assembly to provide electrical energy to the excitation assembly; When the excitation component is energized, it activates, which in turn drives the actuator to activate. When the component performs its action, it drives the contact unit to move, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the switch body; Specifically, when the moving contact in the contact unit rotates away from the stationary contact until the moving contact separates from the stationary contact, the disconnecting switch opens. When the moving contact rotates towards the stationary contact until the moving contact makes contact with the stationary contact, the disconnecting switch closes.

[0021] In one possible design, the disconnecting switch also includes a control unit, and the capacitor module discharges to the excitation assembly, including: The control unit receives the opening and closing signals and generates a discharge signal based on the opening and closing signals.

[0022] The control unit controls the first and second switches to open and the third switch to close according to the discharge signal, so that the first terminal of the capacitor element is connected to the first end of the coil in the excitation assembly through the third switch and the discharge resistor, thereby realizing the discharge of the capacitor module to the excitation assembly.

[0023] In one possible design, the method also includes: The control unit generates a charging signal after the capacitor element has finished discharging. The controller controls the first and second switches to close according to the charging signal, so that the first terminal of the capacitor element is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply through the first switch and the charging resistor, and the second terminal of the capacitor element is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the second switch. The controller also controls the third switch to open, thereby controlling the capacitor element to draw power from the circuit where the switch body is located.

[0024] In one possible design, the method also includes: The control unit receives the energy release signal; The control unit controls the first, second, and third switches to open and the fourth switch to close based on the energy release signal, so as to make the first terminal, the second terminal, and the charging resistor of the capacitor element conduct.

[0025] Thirdly, this application provides a control system for opening and closing a disconnecting switch, including any of the aforementioned disconnecting switches.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the second aspect, the various possible designs of the second aspect, and the disconnecting switch involved in the third aspect can be found in the beneficial effects of the first aspect and the various possible implementations of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an isolating switch provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a switch body provided in an embodiment of this application from a certain perspective.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the switch body provided in one embodiment of this application from another perspective.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the excitation mechanism provided in one embodiment of this application from a certain perspective.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the excitation mechanism provided in one embodiment of this application from another perspective.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a capacitor module provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control unit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 8 This is one of the electrical diagrams of the capacitor element charging and discharging control logic provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 9 This is the second electrical diagram of the capacitor element charging and discharging control logic provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of a disconnecting switch opening and closing control method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Switch body; 110. Housing; 120. Rotating shaft; 200. Excitation mechanism; 210. Coil; 220. Iron core; 230. First connecting rod; 240. First turntable; 241. First rotation center; 250. Pin; 260. Second turntable; 261. Strip hole; 262. Second rotation center; 270. Second connecting rod; 280. Transmission disc; 300. Capacitor module; 310. Capacitor element; 320. Base; 321. Mounting hole; 400, square shaft; 500, V-shaped jaw; 610. Control unit; KM1. First switch; KM3. Second switch; KM4. Third switch; KM2. Fourth switch; KM5. Fifth switch; 700, button. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims and drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0040] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of the phrase "embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0041] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0042] The directional terms appearing in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of this application. For example, in the description of this application, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application or in the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order, and may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0044] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" means two or more (including two groups).

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" or "linkage" in mechanical structures can refer to a physical connection, such as a fixed connection, for example, a connection fixed by a partition, such as a connection fixed by screws, bolts, or other partitions; a physical connection can also be a detachable connection, such as a snap-fit ​​or interlocking connection; a physical connection can also be an integral connection, such as a connection formed by welding, bonding, or integral molding. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. In circuit structures, "connection" or "linkage" can refer not only to a physical connection but also to an electrical connection or a signal connection. For example, it can be a direct connection, i.e., a physical connection, or an indirect connection through at least one intermediate element, as long as the circuit is connected; it can also refer to the internal connection of two elements. A signal connection can refer not only to a signal connection through a circuit but also to a signal connection through a medium, such as radio waves. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] Currently, there are two main ways to achieve remote electric operation of disconnect switches.

[0047] The first method involves setting up a mechanism with a motor drive and a reducer. The motor drives the contact unit via the reducer to complete the opening and closing operation of the disconnecting switch. Although this method has a relatively simple structure, the operating speed of the contact unit is limited by the motor speed and the mechanical transmission ratio. The entire opening and closing process takes a long time, usually on the order of seconds, making it unsuitable for applications with strict requirements for rapid switching.

[0048] The second approach borrows from the operating mechanism design of frame circuit breakers, incorporating a spring energy storage element. This method requires mechanical energy storage in the spring via a motor or other means before each closing operation, after which the spring releases energy to drive the contact unit. While the contact unit's operating speed may be faster than a pure motor reduction scheme, significant drawbacks remain. First, the spring's energy storage process itself takes time, extending the opening and closing cycle. Second, frame circuit breakers have complex mechanisms involving numerous precision components such as linkages, cams, latches, and springs. If the disconnecting switch adopts the operating mechanism of a frame circuit breaker, not only will the number of parts be large, requiring high precision machining and complex assembly processes, leading to high manufacturing costs, but the complex mechanical structure also implies lower reliability and a higher failure rate and maintenance requirements.

[0049] It is evident that the existing mainstream solutions for remote electric operation of disconnect switches all have significant shortcomings.

[0050] The current method for achieving on-site electric operation of disconnecting switches mainly follows the spring energy storage mechanism scheme of the aforementioned frame circuit breaker. Therefore, it also inherits the dual disadvantages of requiring time for spring energy storage before operation, as well as the complexity and high cost of the mechanism. These limitations of existing technologies are particularly prominent in applications requiring frequent operation or with stringent requirements on opening and closing times.

[0051] In view of this, this application provides a disconnecting switch, a method and system for controlling the opening and closing of the disconnecting switch.

[0052] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a disconnecting switch provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the disconnecting switch provided in this application includes a switch body 100, an excitation mechanism 200, and a capacitor module 300.

[0054] The switch body 100 includes a contact unit. The excitation mechanism 200 includes an excitation component and an actuation component, with the actuation component connected to the contact unit near the contact unit. The capacitor module 300 is electrically connected to the excitation component.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the switch body 100 provided in one embodiment of this application from a certain perspective. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the switch body 100 provided in one embodiment of this application from another perspective, as shown below. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the switch body 100 includes a housing 110 in addition to the contact unit. The contact unit includes a moving contact, a stationary contact, and a rotating shaft 120, etc. The moving contact and the stationary contact are not shown in the figure.

[0056] The stationary contact is fixedly installed inside the housing 110. A rotating shaft 120 is rotatably connected to the housing 110. The shaft 120 has a mounting position where the moving contact is fixedly installed and cooperates with the stationary contact. When the shaft 120 is driven to rotate, it causes the moving contact to rotate within the housing 110. When the moving contact rotates to contact the stationary contact, the switch body 100 closes. When the moving contact rotates to separate from the stationary contact, the switch body 100 opens.

[0057] The contact unit is an important component of the disconnecting switch, electrically connected to the main circuit, and serves both switching and isolating functions. In this application, the contact unit can be single-pole or multi-pole. In a multi-pole contact unit, each pole can have the same structure. Adjacent contact units are connected via a rotating shaft 120, and the moving contacts in the multi-pole contact unit can rotate together under the action of the rotating shaft 120.

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the excitation mechanism 200 provided in one embodiment of this application from a certain perspective. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the excitation mechanism 200 provided in one embodiment of this application from another perspective, as shown below. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the excitation components in the excitation mechanism 200 mainly include a coil 210, an iron core 220, and a spring (not shown in the figure). The actuation components in the excitation mechanism 200 mainly include a first connecting rod 230, a first turntable 240, a pin 250, a second turntable 260, a second connecting rod 270, and a transmission disc 280, etc.

[0059] The iron core 220 is located within the magnetic field range of the coil 210. The end of the spring near the iron core 220 abuts against the end of the iron core 220, while the end of the spring away from the iron core 220 is fixed in position. The iron core 220 is connected to the first end of the first connecting rod 230, and the second end of the first connecting rod 230 is rotatably connected to the first part of the first turntable 240. The second part of the first turntable 240 is provided with a pin 250, and the second turntable 260 is provided with a strip-shaped hole 261, with one end of the pin 250 located within the strip-shaped hole 261. The first end of the second connecting rod 270 is rotatably connected to the second turntable 260, and the second end of the second connecting rod 270 is fixedly connected to the transmission disk 280. The transmission disk 280 is the part of the actuator near the contact unit, and the transmission disk 280 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 120, which can be achieved through a shaft-hole fit.

[0060] For example, one of the transmission disk 280 and the rotating shaft 120 is provided with a boss, and the other is provided with a connecting hole. The boss extends into the connecting hole and is fastened to the connecting hole, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the transmission disk 280 and the rotating shaft 120, and thus realizing the connection between the part of the actuating component near the contact unit and the contact unit. The connecting hole can be any non-circular hole, such as square or strip-shaped, that can be fastened to the boss. A retaining ring can be provided at the end of the rotating shaft 120 for limiting its position.

[0061] The first turntable 240 has a first rotation center 241, and a first part and a second part of the first turntable 240 are located on different sides of the first rotation center 241. Optionally, the first rotation center 241 may be located between the first part and the second part, and the geometric centers of the first rotation center 241, the first part, and the second part are collinear. The line connecting the first rotation center 241 and the first end of the first connecting rod 230 may be collinear with the attraction direction of the iron core 220. The second turntable 260 has a second rotation center 262.

[0062] Based on the above structure, Figure 4 and Figure 5 Taking placement as an example, the electric operating principle of the disconnecting switch provided in this application is as follows: When the wire is energized and generates electromagnetic force, the iron core 220 overcomes the spring resistance and is attracted downwards under the electromagnetic force of the coil 210. During the downward attraction of the iron core 220, the first connecting rod 230 is pulled, causing the first connecting rod 230 to pull the first turntable 240 to rotate clockwise around the first rotation center 241. At the instant the iron core 220 is attracted, the first connecting rod 230 changes from its original inclined state to a vertical state. In the vertical state, the extension direction of the first connecting rod 230 is collinear with the attraction direction of the iron core 220; in the inclined state, the extension direction of the first connecting rod 230 has a non-zero angle with the attraction direction of the iron core 220. Figure 4 As shown, in the tilted state, the second end of the first connecting rod 230 is located to the right of the attraction direction of the iron core 220, and not in the attraction direction of the iron core 220.

[0063] After a preset time, coil 210 is de-energized, and iron core 220 moves upward under the spring force, simultaneously pushing first connecting rod 230. This causes first connecting rod 230 to push first turntable 240 to continue rotating clockwise around first rotation center 241. During the clockwise rotation of first turntable 240, pin 250 on first turntable 240 pushes against the wall of strip hole 261, causing second turntable 260 to rotate counterclockwise around second rotation center 262. During the counterclockwise rotation of second turntable 260, second turntable 260 drives second connecting rod 270, which in turn drives transmission disk 280 to rotate counterclockwise. This, in turn, drives moving contact to rotate and contact stationary contact via rotating shaft 120, thus closing the switch body 100.

[0064] When coil 210 is energized again, iron core 220 is drawn downwards again, pulling the first connecting rod 230, causing the first connecting rod to pull the first turntable 240 to rotate counterclockwise around the first rotation center 241. After a preset time, coil 210 is de-energized, and iron core 220 moves upwards under the spring force, simultaneously pushing the first connecting rod 230, causing the first connecting rod 230 to rotate counterclockwise, and causing the first connecting rod 230 to drive the first turntable 240 to continue rotating counterclockwise around the first rotation center 241. During the counterclockwise rotation of the first turntable 240, the first turntable 240 drives the second turntable 260, causing the second turntable 260 to rotate clockwise around the second rotation center 262, which in turn drives the transmission disk 280 to rotate clockwise through the second connecting rod 270, thereby driving the moving contact to rotate and separate from the stationary contact through the rotating shaft 120, realizing the opening of the switch body 100.

[0065] As can be seen, this application can convert the linear reciprocating movement of the iron core 220 into the rotation of the transmission disk 280 when the coil 210 is energized and de-energized. With the transmission disk 280 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 120, the excitation mechanism 200 can drive the contact unit to realize the opening and closing of the switch body 100.

[0066] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a capacitor module 300 provided in one embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the capacitor module 300 includes a capacitor element 310 and a base 320. The number of capacitor elements 310 can be one or more, and this application does not limit this. The capacitor element 310 is fixedly mounted on the base 320, which has mounting holes 321. Screws pass through the mounting holes 321 and connect to the mounting bracket of the disconnecting switch, thus achieving fixed mounting of the capacitor module 300. The aforementioned excitation mechanism 200 is also fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket.

[0067] The capacitor module 300 serves as the energy storage component of the disconnecting switch, and its capacitor element 310 is electrically connected to the coil 210 in the excitation mechanism 200.

[0068] The capacitor element 310 has a discharge function. The capacitor element 310 is electrically connected to the coil 210. When the capacitor element 310 discharges, it provides electrical energy to the excitation mechanism 200, energizing the coil 210 and generating an electromagnetic field, which provides power for the attraction of the iron core 220. In the disconnecting switch provided in this application, each time the capacitor element 310 in the capacitor module 300 discharges, the coil 210 in the excitation assembly is energized once, and the iron core 220 in the excitation assembly can be attracted once. This action can drive the switch body 100 to close or open. In other words, the capacitor needs to discharge once when the switch body 100 closes, and the capacitor also needs to discharge once when it opens.

[0069] The disconnecting switch provided in this application has a capacitor module 300 electrically connected to the excitation component in the excitation mechanism 200. When the capacitor element 310 in the capacitor module 300 discharges, it can provide electrical energy to the coil 210 in the excitation component, causing the iron core 220 in the excitation component to be energized and actuated, thereby driving the actuating component in the excitation mechanism 200 to actuate. Since the actuating component is connected to the contact unit in the switch body 100, the actuating component can drive the contact unit to actuate, specifically driving the moving contact in the contact unit to actuate, thereby causing the moving contact to contact or separate from the stationary contact in the contact unit, realizing the closing or opening of the switch body 100.

[0070] Because the discharge of capacitor element 310 is instantaneous, it can drive the excitation component to move rapidly, which in turn causes the actuator to move rapidly, and then the contact unit to move quickly, thereby controlling the switch body 100 to open and close rapidly. The scheme in this application that controls the excitation component's movement by discharging capacitor element 310 only requires charging and storing energy in capacitor element 310 before each opening and closing operation, eliminating the need for springs and energy storage as in existing technologies. The charging and energy storage speed of capacitor element 310 is faster than that of springs. The excitation mechanism 200 in this application operates rapidly, within milliseconds. Therefore, this scheme effectively improves the operating speed of the excitation mechanism 200, thereby effectively increasing the opening and closing speed of the disconnecting switch, reducing the possibility of arcing, and improving the reliability of the electric operation mode.

[0071] In addition, compared with the mechanism of the frame circuit breaker borrowed from the prior art, the excitation mechanism 200 of this application has fewer parts, simpler structure, and lower part processing and assembly costs.

[0072] In summary, the disconnecting switch provided in this application, with its electric operation mode, can improve the operating speed, simplify the mechanical structure, and effectively reduce the manufacturing cost while maintaining high reliability. It can well meet the comprehensive requirements of disconnecting switches in fields such as new energy.

[0073] It should be noted that the capacitor module 300 in this application can also be replaced by a rechargeable battery, and the charging and discharging control logic of the capacitor element 310 in the capacitor module 300 can be used interchangeably with the charging and discharging control logic of the rechargeable battery.

[0074] The scheme described above in this application, in which the disconnecting switch controls the excitation component by discharging the capacitor element 310, requires the capacitor element 310 to be charged and stored before each opening and closing operation. Based on this, in some possible designs, the capacitor element 310 in the capacitor module 300 is connected to an independent power supply module to draw power from the power supply module for energy storage.

[0075] In some other possible designs, the capacitor element 310 in the capacitor module 300 is connected to the main circuit to draw power from the main circuit. Here, the main circuit, as mentioned above, refers to the circuit where the switch body 100 is located, or the circuit controlled by the disconnect switch.

[0076] In practical operation, capacitor element 310 can be connected to an electrical connection point in the main circuit via wires or the like, so as to be connected in parallel to both ends of the main circuit power supply. After capacitor element 310 has finished discharging, or under the control of a charging command, it can draw power from the main circuit to store energy. For example, the first terminal of capacitor element can be connected to the positive terminal of the main circuit power supply, and the second terminal of capacitor element can be connected to the negative terminal of the main circuit power supply.

[0077] The capacitor module 300 is connected to the main circuit, so that the capacitor element 310 in the capacitor module 300 can draw power from the main circuit to store energy, without having to set up an additional power supply for the capacitor element 310 to charge it. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring that the capacitor element 310 is charged and stored normally, the number of disconnecting switch parts will not be increased, and the structure of the disconnecting switch will not be complicated.

[0078] This application provides two control methods for opening and closing the disconnecting switch: manual control and electric control. These methods make the operation of the disconnecting switch more convenient and increase its application scenarios. Both manual and electric control require the rotation of the transmission disc 280 to drive the moving contact in the contact unit.

[0079] For example, regarding human control, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 4 The disconnect switch also includes a square shaft 400 and a V-shaped claw 500. The mounting bracket has a square hole. One end of the square shaft 400 is connected to the square hole, and the other end of the square shaft 400 is connected to the V-shaped claw 500. The end of the pin 250 engages with the V-shaped claw 500. When the operating handle (not shown in the figure) is inserted into the square hole and rotated, it drives the square shaft 400 to rotate, which in turn drives the V-shaped claw 500 to rotate.

[0080] The V-shaped claw 500 includes a first claw and a second claw. When the square shaft 400 drives the V-shaped claw 500 to rotate in the first direction, the first claw pushes the end of the pin 250, causing the pin 250 to drive the second turntable 260 to rotate in the second direction. Then, the second turntable 260 drives the transmission disk 280 to rotate in the second direction through the second connecting rod 270, so as to drive the moving contact to rotate through the rotating shaft 120, thereby realizing the closing of the switch body 100.

[0081] Conversely, when the square shaft 400 drives the V-shaped claw 500 to rotate in the second direction, the second claw actuates the end of the pin 250, causing the pin 250 to drive the second turntable 260 to rotate in the first direction. Then, the second turntable 260 drives the transmission disk 280 to rotate in the first direction through the second connecting rod 270, which in turn drives the moving contact to rotate through the rotating shaft 120, thereby opening the switch body 100.

[0082] For example, regarding electric control, the disconnecting switch provided in this application can be operated electrically in the form of on-site electric operation and remote electric operation. As can be seen from the principle of electric operation described above, the key to electric control is how to control the coil 210 to be energized or de-energized. Based on this, in some possible designs, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the disconnecting switch also includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the capacitor module 300 and can control the charging and discharging of the capacitor module 300.

[0083] When the disconnecting switch includes a control unit and the control unit is electrically connected to the capacitor module 300, only an electrical control signal needs to be input to the control unit to control the charging and discharging of the capacitor module 300, and then control the opening and closing of the disconnecting switch by controlling the operation of the excitation mechanism 200.

[0084] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control unit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 Control component 610 is not shown. Figure 8 This is one of the electrical diagrams of the charging and discharging control logic of the capacitor element 310 provided in an embodiment of this application, combined with... Figure 1 , Figures 6 to 8 The control unit includes a control component 610, a first switch component KM1, a second switch component KM3, a third switch component KM4, a charging resistor, and a discharging resistor.

[0085] The control unit 610 can be a programmable logic controller (PLC), an industrial controller, an industrial computer (IPC), a cloud server, a control system, etc., as long as it can receive signals, perform logical judgments, and output control commands.

[0086] The first switching element KM1, the second switching element KM3, and the third switching element KM4 can be contactors, relays, etc.

[0087] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 8 The main contact terminal of the first switching element KM1 and the charging resistor are connected in series between the positive terminal of the power supply and the first terminal of the capacitor element in the capacitor module, and the main contact terminal of the second switching element KM3 is connected in series between the negative terminal of the power supply and the second terminal of the capacitor element. The first and second switching elements are also connected to the control element.

[0088] The main contact terminal of the third switching element KM4 and the discharge resistor are connected in series between the first end and the first terminal of the coil 210. The first terminal of the capacitor element 310 is also connected to the first end of the coil 210 in the excitation assembly, and the second terminal of the capacitor element 310 is also connected to the second end of the coil 210. The third switching element is also connected to the control element.

[0089] The control unit 610 plays a major control role in the control unit. After receiving an externally input "closing" or "opening" signal, the control unit 610 controls the opening or closing of each switch, realizing the "charging" and "discharging" of the capacitor element 310 in the capacitor module 300. Each time the capacitor element 310 discharges, it drives the excitation mechanism 200 to operate once, realizing the electric control of the opening and closing of the disconnecting switch.

[0090] In specific connection scenarios, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the first digital output channel of the control unit can be connected to a common reference point through the coil terminal of the first switch, the second digital output channel of the control unit can be connected to the common reference point through the coil terminal of the second switch, and the third digital output channel of the control unit can be connected to the common reference point through the coil terminal of the third switch, thereby realizing the connection of the first switch, the second switch and the third switch respectively.

[0091] Based on the above connection relationships of the components in the control unit, the charging control logic of capacitor element 310 is as follows: the controller 610 controls the first switch KM1 and the second switch KM3 to close, and controls the third switch KM4 to open. The first terminal of capacitor module 300 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply through the first switch KM1 and the charging resistor, and the second terminal of capacitor module 300 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the second switch KM3. At this time, capacitor element 310 can draw power from the main circuit.

[0092] Once capacitor element 310 has finished charging, control unit 610 controls the first switch element KM1, the second switch element KM3, and the third switch element KM4 to all disconnect.

[0093] The discharge control logic of capacitor element 310 is as follows: the controller 610 controls the first switch KM1 and the second switch KM3 to open, and controls the third switch KM4 to close. The first terminal of capacitor module 300 is connected to the first terminal of coil 210 in excitation assembly through the third switch KM4 and the discharge resistor. At this time, capacitor element 310 can discharge to excitation assembly.

[0094] Once capacitor element 310 has finished discharging, control unit 610 controls the first switch element KM1, the second switch element KM3, and the third switch element KM4 to all disconnect.

[0095] As can be seen, the process of each closing or opening of the disconnecting switch is as follows: After the capacitor element 310 draws power from the main circuit to complete its charging, it is disconnected from the main circuit and then connected to the coil 210 of the excitation mechanism 200 to discharge, causing the excitation mechanism 200 to operate and complete the discharge. After each closing or opening, the capacitor element 310 is recharged for the next discharge.

[0096] The relationship between the on / off states of the first switch KM1, the second switch KM3, and the third switch KM4 and the charging / discharging states of the capacitor element 310 is shown in Table 1 below.

[0097] Table 1

[0098] For further information, please continue to refer to [link / reference]. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In some possible designs, the control unit also includes a fourth switching element KM2. The fourth switching element KM2 can be a contactor, relay, etc.

[0099] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 8 The charging resistor is located between the first switch KM1 and the capacitor module 300. The main contact terminal of the fourth switch KM2 is connected to the end of the charging resistor away from the capacitor and the second terminal of the capacitor element.

[0100] In this embodiment, after receiving the energy release signal, the control unit 610 controls the first switch KM1, the second switch KM3, and the third switch KM4 to open, and controls the fourth switch KM2 to close, so that the first terminal, the second terminal, and the charging resistor of the capacitor module 300 are connected. At this time, the capacitor element 310 in the capacitor module 300 can release energy by charging the charging resistor, thus releasing energy for the capacitor element 310. Therefore, when the disconnecting switch is under maintenance, the capacitor element 310 is not energized after releasing energy, which facilitates the protection of personal safety. The relationship between the on / off states of the first switch KM1, the second switch KM3, the third switch KM4, and the fourth switch KM2 and the energy release state of the capacitor element 310 is shown in Table 1 above.

[0101] Figure 9 This is the second electrical diagram of the charging and discharging control logic of the capacitor element 310 provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 8 Based on the electrical diagram of the charging and discharging control logic of capacitor element 310 shown, Figure 9 The control unit also includes a fifth switching element KM5 and a current-limiting resistor.

[0102] The fifth switching component KM5 can be a contactor, relay, etc.

[0103] like Figure 9As shown, one end of the current-limiting resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor is connected to one end of the fifth switching component KM5. The other end of the fifth switching component KM5 is connected to one end of the coil 210 in the excitation assembly.

[0104] Based on the above connection relationships of the components in the control unit of this embodiment, when only the fifth switch KM5 is closed, the voltage of the main circuit can directly act on the coil 210 of the excitation mechanism 200 after passing through the current-limiting resistor. In this embodiment, after the capacitor element 310 has been charged, it only participates in one discharge when the main circuit is abnormally de-energized, causing the isolating switch to open and disconnect the power. When the main circuit is normally energized, the first switch KM1, the second switch KM3, the third switch KM4, and the fourth switch KM2 are always in the open state. When electric opening or closing is required, closing the fifth switch KM5 once is sufficient to control the operation of the excitation mechanism 200.

[0105] The relationship between the on / off states of the first switch KM1, the second switch KM3, the third switch KM4, the fourth switch KM2, and the fifth switch KM5 and the charging / discharging states of the capacitor element 310 is shown in Table 2 below.

[0106] Table 2

[0107] In this embodiment, by setting a fifth switch KM5 and a current-limiting resistor in the control unit, all switches are open under normal circumstances, allowing discharge to the excitation mechanism 200 without going through the capacitor module 300. When only the fifth switch KM5 is closed, the fifth switch KM5 and the current-limiting resistor connect the main circuit power supply to the coil 210 of the excitation component. The main circuit voltage can directly act on the coil 210 of the excitation component and discharge directly to the excitation mechanism 200 through the main circuit to control the operation of the excitation mechanism 200.

[0108] The above-described forms of electric operation include on-site electric operation and remote electric operation. Regardless of the type of electric operation, the control unit 610 needs to receive an externally input "closing" or "opening" signal before it can control the opening or closing of each switch element, thereby realizing the "charging" and "discharging" of the capacitor element 310. The following will describe, with reference to the accompanying drawings, two possible methods for the control unit 610 to receive closing or opening signals in this application.

[0109] The first feasible method is for on-site electric operation. For example... Figure 1As shown, the mounting bracket has two buttons 700 of different colors, both of which are electrically connected to the control unit 610. When one button 700 is pressed, it inputs a closing signal to the control unit 610; when the other button 700 is pressed, it inputs a opening signal to the control unit 610. Thus, the control unit 610 can receive the externally input closing and opening signals, generate a discharge signal based on the closing and opening signals, and control the capacitor element 310 to discharge based on the discharge signal, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the switch body 100.

[0110] For example, one of the two buttons 700 can be a red button 700, which is used to input a closing signal to the control unit 610 and keep the red light on when pressed, and the other can be a green button 700, which is used to input a opening signal to the control unit 610 and keep the green light on when pressed. Figure 8 and Figure 9 SB1 and SB2 are the 700 electric control buttons for opening and closing the circuit breaker.

[0111] The second feasible method is for remote electric operation. The disconnecting switch is equipped with a terminal block that connects to the control unit 610 and also to a remote customer control cabinet. The user can remotely input closing or opening signals to the control unit 610 in the disconnecting switch via a display screen or similar device. Upon receiving the closing or opening signal, the control unit 610 generates a discharge signal and controls the capacitor element 310 to discharge, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the switch body 100. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The DI control signal refers to the remote closing signal or the remote opening signal.

[0112] Then, the controller generates a charging signal and controls the capacitor element to charge according to the charging signal.

[0113] In some possible designs, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the control unit can also be connected in parallel to the two ends of the capacitor element via two voltage sampling lines to detect the energy storage voltage of the capacitor element.

[0114] When the energy storage voltage of the capacitor element is detected to be lower than the preset voltage and the capacitor element is not in a discharging state, the controller can control the closing and opening of relevant switches as described above to start or continue charging the capacitor element until the energy storage voltage of the capacitor element reaches the preset voltage. Then, the controller can control the closing and opening of relevant switches as described above to stop charging the capacitor element, thereby ensuring that the capacitor element is always in a ready state to discharge and drive the excitation mechanism. The preset voltage is the minimum voltage required to drive the excitation mechanism.

[0115] This application also provides a method for controlling the opening and closing of a disconnecting switch, which is used to control the opening and closing of the disconnecting switch in any of the above embodiments. Figure 10 This is a flowchart of a disconnecting switch opening and closing control method according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 10 As shown, the method includes the following steps.

[0116] S1001, the capacitor module discharges to the excitation component to provide electrical energy to the excitation component.

[0117] The structure of the capacitor module 300, how the capacitor module 300 obtains the opening and closing signals, and how it discharges to the excitation component have all been described in detail in the previous embodiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0118] S1002, the excitation component is energized and operates, which drives the actuator to operate.

[0119] The energization of the process component is essentially the energization of the coil 210 in the excitation component, causing the iron core 220 to actuate. Since the iron core 220 is connected to the first connecting rod 230 in the execution component, the actuation of the iron core 220 can drive the first connecting rod 230 to actuate, which in turn drives the other structures in the execution component to actuate sequentially. The specific operating principle has been described in detail in the previous embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0120] S1003, when the component is activated, it drives the contact unit to operate, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the switch body.

[0121] The transmission disk 280 in the actuator is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 120 in the contact unit. When the first link 230 in the actuator is activated, it eventually drives the transmission disk 280 to rotate. The transmission disk 280 drives the rotating shaft 120 to rotate through the fixed connection between the transmission disk 280 and the rotating shaft 120.

[0122] When the rotating shaft 120 drives the moving contact in the contact unit to rotate away from the stationary contact until the moving contact separates from the stationary contact, the disconnecting switch is opened. When the rotating shaft 120 drives the moving contact to rotate closer to the stationary contact until the moving contact contacts the stationary contact, the disconnecting switch is closed. In this way, the opening and closing of the switch body 100 is controlled. The specific actions and control logic have been described in detail in the previous embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0123] In some possible designs, the disconnecting switch also includes a control unit. The discharge of the capacitor module 300 to the excitation assembly includes: a control unit 610 in the control unit receives opening and closing signals and generates a discharge signal based on these signals. The control unit 610 controls the first switch KM1 and the second switch KM3 to open and the third switch KM4 to close, so that the first terminal of the capacitor element 310 is connected to the first terminal of the coil 210 in the excitation assembly through the third switch KM4 and the discharge resistor, thereby realizing the discharge of the capacitor module 300 to the excitation assembly.

[0124] The opening and closing signals can be input to the control unit 610 by pressing the button 700 on-site, or they can be input to the control unit 610 remotely. The specific implementation of the control unit 610 receiving the opening and closing signals, and the specific implementation of the control unit 610 controlling the capacitor module 300 to discharge according to the generated discharge signal, have been described in detail in the previous embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0125] In some possible designs, the control unit 610 can also control the charging of the capacitor element 310. For example, the control unit 610 generates a charging signal after the capacitor element has finished discharging. Based on the charging signal, the control unit 610 controls the first switch KM1 and the second switch KM3 to close, so that the first terminal of the capacitor element 310 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply through the first switch KM1 and the charging resistor, and the second terminal of the capacitor element 310 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the second switch KM3. The control unit 610 also controls the third switch KM4 to open, thereby controlling the capacitor element 310 to draw power from the circuit containing the switch body 100.

[0126] The opening and closing signals can be input to the control unit 610 by pressing the button 700 on-site or by remotely inputting them. The specific implementation of the control unit 610 receiving the opening and closing signals, as well as the specific implementation of the control unit 610 controlling the charging of the capacitor module 300 based on the charging signals generated by the opening and closing signals, have been described in detail in the previous embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0127] In some possible designs, the method includes: a control unit 610 receiving an energy release signal. The control unit 610 controls the first switch KM1, the second switch KM3, and the third switch KM4 to open, and controls the fourth switch KM2 to close, based on the energy release signal, so that the first terminal, the second terminal, and the charging resistor of the capacitor element 310 are connected.

[0128] The energy release signal can be input to the control unit 610 via the on-site pressing button 700 or remotely input to the control unit 610. The specific implementation method of the control unit 610 receiving the energy release signal can refer to the implementation method of the control unit 610 receiving the opening and closing signal. The specific logic of the control unit 610 controlling the energy release of the capacitor module 300 according to the energy release signal has been described in detail in the previous embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0129] This application also provides a control system for opening and closing a disconnecting switch, including the disconnecting switch in any of the above embodiments.

Claims

1. A disconnecting switch, characterized in that, include: The switch body includes a contact unit; An excitation mechanism includes an excitation component and an actuation component, wherein the actuation component is connected to the contact unit at a portion near the contact unit; The capacitor module is electrically connected to the excitation assembly; When the capacitor module discharges, it provides electrical energy to the excitation component, causing the excitation component to be energized and activated, which in turn drives the execution component to operate. When the execution component operates, it drives the contact unit to operate, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the switch body.

2. The disconnecting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capacitor module is connected to the main circuit to draw power from the main circuit; The main circuit is the circuit in which the switch body is located.

3. The disconnecting switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The disconnect switch also includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the capacitor module and is capable of controlling the charging and discharging of the capacitor module.

4. The disconnecting switch according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control unit includes a control component, a first switch component, a second switch component, a third switch component, a charging resistor, and a discharging resistor; The main contact terminal of the first switch and the charging resistor are connected in series between the positive power supply of the main circuit and the first terminal of the capacitor element in the capacitor module. The main contact terminal of the second switch is connected in series between the negative power supply of the main circuit and the second terminal of the capacitor element. The first switch and the second switch are also connected to the control unit. The main contact terminal of the third switch and the discharge resistor are connected in series between the first end of the coil and the first terminal in the excitation assembly; the first terminal of the capacitor element is also connected to the first end of the coil, the second terminal of the capacitor element is also connected to the second end of the coil, and the third switch is also connected to the control element.

5. The disconnecting switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control unit also includes a fourth switching element; The charging resistor is located between the first switch and the capacitor element, and the main contact terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the end of the charging resistor away from the capacitor element and the second terminal of the capacitor element.

6. A method for controlling the opening and closing of a disconnecting switch, characterized in that, The method for controlling the opening and closing of the disconnecting switch according to claim 5 includes: The capacitor module discharges to the excitation assembly to provide electrical energy to the excitation assembly; When the excitation component is energized, it activates, which in turn drives the actuator to activate. When the component performs its action, it drives the contact unit to move, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the switch body; Specifically, when the moving contact in the contact unit rotates away from the stationary contact until the moving contact separates from the stationary contact, the disconnecting switch opens; When the moving contact rotates toward the stationary contact until the moving contact contacts the stationary contact, the disconnecting switch closes.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The disconnect switch further includes a control unit, and the capacitor module discharges to the excitation assembly, including: The control unit receives the opening and closing signals and generates a discharge signal based on the opening and closing signals. The control unit controls the first and second switches to open and the third switch to close according to the discharge signal, so that the first terminal of the capacitor element is connected to the first end of the coil in the excitation assembly through the third switch and the discharge resistor, thereby realizing the discharge of the capacitor module to the excitation assembly.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: The control unit generates a charging signal after the capacitor element finishes discharging. The charging signal controls the first and second switches to close, so that the first terminal of the capacitor element is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply through the first switch and the charging resistor, and the second terminal of the capacitor element is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the second switch. The third switch is then controlled to open, thereby controlling the capacitor element to draw power from the circuit where the switch body is located.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: The control unit receives the energy release signal; The control unit controls the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch to open according to the energy release signal, and controls the fourth switch to close, so that the first terminal, the second terminal, and the charging resistor of the capacitor element are connected.

10. A control system for opening and closing a disconnecting switch, characterized in that, Includes the disconnecting switch as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images