A high-voltage fuse

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high pressure fuse belongs to fuse technical field, the utility model discloses high strength insulating shell, the upper end and the lower end of high strength insulating shell are fixedly connected with lower cover and upper cover respectively, and is installed with the fuse tube between lower cover and upper cover, the bottom outer wall of fuse tube is fixedly connected with the connecting sleeve, and the outer wall of connecting sleeve is provided with the ventilation cooling mechanism, the top of upper cover is fixedly installed with upper terminal, by the high temperature gas of fuse tube inside is driven down, forms forced convection ventilation, effectively avoids the problem that heat gathers for a long time, natural cooling slowly because of arc high temperature in the inside of fuse tube, realizes the discharge of internal high temperature gas of fuse tube in the process of falling, makes the fuse tube and the arc extinguishing medium in it rapidly cool down to the safe range, thereby significantly shorten the cooling waiting time after the failure, improve the efficiency of subsequent maintenance and recovery power supply, reduce the risk of secondary damage or scalding staff because of high temperature simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuse technology, and more particularly to a high-voltage fuse. Background Technology

[0002] A high-voltage fuse is an overcurrent protection device used in power systems. Its main function is to cut off the fault current by melting its own key component (fuse element) when an overload or short-circuit fault occurs in the circuit, thereby protecting electrical equipment from damage.

[0003] Drop-out fuses, an important branch of high-voltage fuses, are overcurrent protection devices commonly used in power distribution networks. Their typical structure includes a fuse element (fuse wire), a fuse tube, a post insulator, and arc-extinguishing materials. The fuse element is usually made of silver, copper, tin, or their alloys, while the arc-extinguishing materials are often made of glass fiber, steel paper, boric acid, or resin. Under normal use, the drop-out fuse is connected in series in the protected circuit. When a short circuit or overload occurs, the current exceeds a predetermined value. The heat generated by the fuse element itself causes it to melt rapidly. Simultaneously, the gas-generating material on the inner wall of the fuse tube decomposes at the high temperature of the arc, producing a large amount of high-pressure gas that longitudinally blows out the arc, extinguishing it. Subsequently, the fuse tube automatically drops under gravity, forming a clearly visible break point, thus achieving the dual functions of circuit protection and physical isolation. Drop-out fuses are widely used in outdoor power distribution networks due to their simple structure, low cost, and intuitive maintenance, especially suitable for the protection of distribution transformers, overhead lines, and branch lines.

[0004] When a drop-out fuse is triggered, the high temperature of the electric arc causes the gas-generating material on the inner wall of the fuse tube to decompose rapidly, producing a large amount of high-pressure gas. At the same time, the temperature of the tube wall itself rises sharply, and the ejection of high-pressure gas extinguishes the arc quickly. However, after the arc is extinguished, because the fuse tube relies solely on the natural heat dissipation of the tube wall, the internal heat cannot be dissipated quickly. The fuse tube remains at a high temperature for a long time, which can easily lead to a burnt-out fuse tube failure, i.e., the fuse tube is burned through or destroyed, causing the entire fuse to become unusable.

[0005] To ensure operator safety and prevent burns or secondary malfunctions during replacement, industry procedures typically require waiting at least 10 minutes after a malfunction to allow the fused tube to cool sufficiently before replacement can proceed. This forced cooling period directly prolongs power outage time for users, reducing the reliability of the power distribution network and the efficiency of emergency repairs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems raised in the prior art, and to propose a high-voltage fuse.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-voltage fuse, comprising a high-strength insulating shell, a lower cover plate and an upper cover plate respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the high-strength insulating shell, a fuse tube installed between the lower cover plate and the upper cover plate, a connecting sleeve fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the fuse tube, and a ventilation and cooling mechanism provided on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve, an upper terminal fixedly installed on the top of the upper cover plate for connecting the high-voltage power supply inlet line, a lower terminal fixedly installed on the bottom of the lower cover plate for connecting the load side outlet line, and an installation handle fixedly connected to the outer wall of the high-strength insulating shell; The ventilation and cooling mechanism includes two L-shaped rods fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting sleeve. Both L-shaped rods are connected to an annular plate and a baffle plate through opposing movable parts. The bottom surface of the annular plate and the top surface of the baffle plate are vertically aligned. The annular plate is movably disposed inside the melt tube and is used to move up and down inside the melt tube to disturb the airflow. The inner wall of the annular plate is provided with an auxiliary fan mechanism, which includes a mounting block fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the opposing movable components include a first transmission plate and a second transmission plate that are slidably connected through the interior of the L-shaped rod. Two positioning shafts are fixedly connected through the interior of the L-shaped rod. A first sliding groove is formed through the side wall of the first transmission plate, allowing the first transmission plate to slide against the outer wall of the corresponding positioning shaft via the first sliding groove, thus guiding the first transmission plate in the vertical direction. A second sliding groove is formed through the side wall of the second transmission plate, allowing the second transmission plate to slide against the outer wall of the corresponding positioning shaft via the second sliding groove, thus guiding the second transmission plate in the vertical direction. A fixed shaft is fixedly connected through the interior of the L-shaped rod, located between the two positioning shafts. A gear is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed shaft via a torsion spring. A first toothed groove is formed on the side wall of the first transmission plate, with the gear teeth meshing with the inner wall of the first toothed groove. A second toothed groove is formed on the side wall of the second transmission plate, with the gear teeth meshing with the inner wall of the second toothed groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the top ends of the two first transmission plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular plate, and the bottom ends of the two second transmission plates are fixedly connected to the top of the wind deflector.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixing rod is fixedly connected through the interior of the mounting block, and a wind deflector is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixing rod. A first torsion spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting block, and the end of the first torsion spring away from the mounting block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wind deflector. The first torsion spring applies a downward flipping force to the wind deflector. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block, and the side wall of the limiting plate corresponds to the side wall of the wind deflector to limit the maximum flipping angle of the wind deflector.

[0011] Furthermore, a shaft is rotatably connected through the inside of the connecting sleeve, and both ends of the shaft are provided with a one-way locking mechanism. A connecting seat is fixedly connected to the end of the lower cover plate away from the high-strength insulating shell, and a lower end contact is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, the one-way locking mechanism includes a ratchet groove formed at the end of the shaft, and a rotating wheel is slidably connected to the inner wall of the ratchet groove. A telescopic damping rod is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the ratchet groove, and the output end of the telescopic damping rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating wheel to provide damping buffer for the sliding of the rotating wheel. A first fixing post is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting seat, and a pawl is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first fixing post. A second fixing post is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting seat, and a second torsion spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second fixing post.

[0013] Furthermore, the end of the second torsion spring away from the second fixed post is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pawl, and the outer wall of the end of the pawl engages with the outer wall of the rotating wheel.

[0014] Furthermore, an upper contact is fixedly installed inside the upper cover plate, and a metal sleeve is fixedly installed at the top of the fusion tube, with the top of the metal sleeve corresponding to the bottom surface of the upper contact.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the above solution has the following advantages: 1. By driving the high-temperature gas inside the fused tube downward to form forced convection ventilation, the slow natural cooling caused by the long-term accumulation of heat inside the fused tube due to the high temperature of the electric arc is avoided. This allows the high-temperature gas inside the fused tube to be quickly discharged during the falling process, rapidly reducing the temperature of the fused tube and the arc-extinguishing medium inside to a safe range. This shortens the cooling waiting time after a fault, improves the efficiency of subsequent power restoration for maintenance, and reduces the risk of secondary damage to the fused tube or burns to workers caused by high temperature.

[0016] 2. By using airflow to push the baffle plate from a drooping state to a near-horizontal maximum rotation angle, its windward area is significantly increased, which drives a larger volume of hot air to be discharged from the bottom of the molten tube. By adding an angle-rotating baffle plate to maximize the fan area, the ventilation and cooling efficiency inside the molten tube is improved, and the air exchange flow rate during the reset and exhaust stage is greatly increased. Without affecting the power storage action, the cooling time of the molten tube is further shortened.

[0017] 3. By locking the position of the fuse tube after it falls, the rebound phenomenon that is prone to occur when the fuse tube falls due to gravity or wind is avoided. This improves the user-friendliness and reliability of high-voltage drop-out fuses. It is especially suitable for power distribution lines in areas with strong winds. Rebound may cause the arc to reignite or the fuse tube to re-contact the upper stationary contact, creating the illusion that the fault point is not completely isolated. This ensures reliable disconnection of the line while ensuring the safety of the staff and allowing for emergency repairs in the shortest possible time. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure proposed in this invention; Figure 3 The present invention proposes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the L-shaped rod and wind deflector proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the annular sheet proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the pawl and shaft proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shaft proposed in this invention.

[0019] The markings in the attached diagram are as follows: 1. High-strength insulating shell; 2. Lower cover plate; 3. Upper cover plate; 4. Fusible tube; 5. Connecting sleeve; 6. Ventilation and cooling mechanism; 7. Auxiliary fan mechanism; 8. Shaft; 9. One-way locking mechanism; 10. Connecting seat; 11. Lower contact; 12. Upper contact; 13. Metal sleeve; 14. Upper terminal block; 15. Lower terminal block; 16. Mounting handle; 601. L-shaped rod; 602. Positioning shaft; 603. Annular plate; 604. First transmission plate; 605. 606. First slide groove; 607. Fixed shaft; 608. Gear; 609. Wind deflector; 610. Second transmission plate; 611. Second slide groove; 612. Second tooth groove; 701. Mounting block; 702. Fixed rod; 703. Wind deflector; 704. First torsion spring; 705. Limiting plate; 901. Ratchet groove; 902. Rotating wheel; 903. Telescopic damping rod; 904. First fixed post; 905. Pawl; 906. Second fixed post; 907. Second torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top surface," "bottom surface," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated position or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish an entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not require or imply any actual relationship, order, or relative importance between these entities or operations.

[0022] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-4 A high-voltage fuse includes a high-strength insulating shell 1. A lower cover plate 2 and an upper cover plate 3 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the high-strength insulating shell 1, respectively. A fuse tube 4 is installed between the lower cover plate 2 and the upper cover plate 3. A connecting sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the fuse tube 4, and a ventilation and cooling mechanism 6 is provided on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 5. An upper terminal 14 is fixedly installed on the top of the upper cover plate 3 for connecting the high-voltage power supply inlet line. A lower terminal 15 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the lower cover plate 2 for connecting the load side outlet line. An installation handle 16 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the high-strength insulating shell 1.

[0023] Specifically, by pre-installing the fuse wire inside the fuse tube 4, the entire high-voltage fuse is installed in the designated working area using the installation handle 16. After fixing, the upper terminal 14 is reliably connected to the high-voltage power supply inlet, and the lower terminal 15 is reliably connected to the load side outlet. The upper contact 12 is fixedly installed inside the upper cover plate 3, and the top of the fuse tube 4 is fixedly installed with a metal sleeve 13, with the top of the metal sleeve 13 corresponding to the bottom surface of the upper contact 12. When the closing operation is to be performed, the operator uses an insulated operating rod to hook the metal sleeve 13, lifts the fuse tube 4 upward and pushes it, so that the metal sleeve 13 at the top of the fuse tube 4 quickly snaps into the bottom of the upper contact 12, completing the closing operation and locking. After the closing is completed, the fuse is in normal working condition, providing overload and short-circuit protection for the line.

[0024] After the above installation and closing process is completed, the fuse can be put into normal operation. When a short circuit or overload fault occurs in the line, the current flowing through the fuse wire inside the fuse tube 4 increases sharply. The fuse wire generates high temperature in a very short time and melts and vaporizes rapidly, forming an electric arc. The high temperature of the electric arc causes the gas-generating material on the inner wall of the fuse tube 4 to decompose instantly, generating a large amount of high-pressure gas. This causes the internal pressure of the fuse tube 4 to rise sharply. The high-pressure gas is ejected downward at high speed along the axial direction of the fuse tube 4. The ejected high-pressure gas blows the electric arc longitudinally, causing the electric arc to be extinguished quickly, completing the arc extinguishing process. Then, the upper end of the fuse tube 4 loses tension due to the broken fuse wire and comes out of the slot of the upper contact 12. Then, under its own weight and the pushing force of the spring in the upper contact 12, it falls rapidly downward, forming a clear and visible break point.

[0025] Furthermore, the ventilation and cooling mechanism 6 includes two L-shaped rods 601 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 5. Both L-shaped rods 601 are connected to an annular plate 603 and a baffle plate 609 through opposing movable parts. The bottom surface of the annular plate 603 and the top surface of the baffle plate 609 correspond to each other in the vertical direction. The annular plate 603 is movably disposed inside the melt tube 4 and is used to move up and down inside the melt tube 4 to disturb the airflow.

[0026] Furthermore, during the arc extinguishing process, as the gas inside the molten tube 4 is ejected downwards at high speed along the axial direction of the molten tube 4, it first impacts the baffle plate 609 located below the bottom of the molten tube 4. Opposing moving parts include a first transmission plate 604 and a second transmission plate 610, which are respectively slidably connected inside the L-shaped rod 601. Two positioning shafts 602 are fixedly connected through the interior of the L-shaped rod 601. A first sliding groove 605 is formed through the side wall of the first transmission plate 604. The first transmission plate 604 slides against the outer wall of the corresponding positioning shaft 602 through the first sliding groove 605, thereby enabling the first transmission plate 604 to slide vertically. For vertical guiding movement, the second transmission plate 610 has a second sliding groove 611 through its side wall. The second transmission plate 610 slides against the outer wall of the corresponding positioning shaft 602 through the second sliding groove 611 to achieve vertical guiding movement of the second transmission plate 610. A fixed shaft 607 is fixedly connected through the inside of the L-shaped rod 601 and located between the two positioning shafts 602. The outer wall of the fixed shaft 607 is rotatably connected to a gear 608 through a torsion spring. The side wall of the first transmission plate 604 has a first tooth groove 606. The teeth of the gear 608 mesh with the inner wall of the first tooth groove 606.

[0027] Specifically, the side wall of the second transmission plate 610 is provided with a second tooth groove 612, and the teeth of the gear 608 mesh with the inner wall of the second tooth groove 612. The top ends of the two first transmission plates 604 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular plate 603, and the bottom ends of the two second transmission plates 610 are fixedly connected to the top of the baffle plate 609. Then, after the baffle plate 609 is pushed downward by the high-pressure airflow, it drives the two second transmission plates 610 fixedly connected to its top to slide downward along the inside of the L-shaped rod 601. The vertical guiding movement is ensured by the cooperation between the second sliding groove 611 opened on the side wall of the second transmission plate 610 and the positioning shaft 602. For stability, the second toothed groove 612 on the side wall of the second transmission plate 610 drives the gear 608 that meshes with it to rotate. Then, the gear 608 transmits the rotational motion to the first toothed groove 606 on the side wall of the first transmission plate 604. Since the gear 608 and the fixed shaft 607 are connected by a torsion spring, the torsion spring will store force during the process, providing the gear 608 with the subsequent reset force, thereby driving the first transmission plate 604 to slide upward along the inside of the L-shaped rod 601, so that the annular piece 603 fixedly connected to the top of the first transmission plate 604 moves upward inside the melt tube 4, thus completing the storage of force during the arc extinguishing process.

[0028] After the arc is extinguished and the molten tube 4 is dropped, the baffle plate 609 is no longer subjected to downward impact. Under the reset action of the torsion spring connected to the gear 608, the baffle plate 609 begins to return to its original position, simultaneously causing the second transmission plate 610 to slide upward. During this process, the gear 608 rotates in the opposite direction, thereby driving the first transmission plate 604 and the annular plate 603 to quickly return to their original position and slide downward. As the annular plate 603 moves downward, its outer edge maintains a certain gap with the inner wall of the molten tube 4, which can effectively disturb the air inside the molten tube 4, driving the high-temperature gas accumulated inside the molten tube 4 downward and expelling it from the opening at the lower end of the molten tube 4. At the same time, cold air from the outside is drawn in, forming forced convection ventilation. This avoids the situation where heat accumulates inside the fuse tube 4 for a long time due to the high temperature of the electric arc and cools down slowly. It enables the rapid discharge of high-temperature gas inside the fuse tube 4 during the falling process, and quickly reduces the temperature of the fuse tube 4 and the arc-extinguishing medium inside the tube to a safe range. This shortens the cooling waiting time after the fault, improves the efficiency of subsequent maintenance and power restoration, and reduces the risk of secondary damage to the fuse tube 4 or burns to workers due to high temperature.

[0029] Example 2, please refer to Figures 1-5 Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, an auxiliary fan mechanism 7 is provided on the inner wall of the annular plate 603. The auxiliary fan mechanism 7 includes a mounting block 701 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular plate 603. A fixing rod 702 is fixedly connected through the interior of the mounting block 701, and a wind deflector 703 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixing rod 702. A first torsion spring 704 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting block 701, and the end of the first torsion spring 704 away from the mounting block 701 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wind deflector 703. The first torsion spring 704 applies a downward flipping force to the wind deflector 703. A limiting plate 705 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block 701, and the side wall of the limiting plate 705 corresponds to the side wall of the wind deflector 703 to limit the maximum flipping angle of the wind deflector 703.

[0030] Specifically, when the annular plate 603 moves upward to store energy, the wind deflector 703 remains in a downward-flipped state under the elastic action of the first torsion spring 704. At this time, the side of the wind deflector 703 abuts against the limiting plate 705, and its flipping angle is limited to the minimum. The airflow inside the fuse tube 4 is relatively smooth, thereby reducing the obstruction to the rising airflow and ensuring that the annular plate 603 can move upward smoothly to complete the energy storage.

[0031] Then, when the annular plate 603 slides downward to reset, the annular plate 603 drives the baffle plate 703 to move downward quickly together through the mounting block 701. At this time, the high-temperature air inside the fuse tube 4 forms an upward relative airflow with respect to the baffle plate 703. This airflow pushes the baffle plate 703 to overcome the elastic force of the first torsion spring 704 and flip upward. Then, the baffle plate 703 quickly unfolds from the drooping state to the maximum flip angle state that is close to horizontal. Its windward area is significantly increased, which drives a larger volume of hot air to be discharged from the lower end of the fuse tube 4. By adding the angle-flipping baffle plate 703, the fan area is maximized, the ventilation and cooling efficiency inside the fuse tube 4 is improved, and the air exchange flow rate during the reset and exhaust stage is greatly improved. Without affecting the power storage action, the cooling time of the fuse tube 4 is further shortened.

[0032] After the annular plate 603 returns to its lowest position, the wind deflector 703 automatically returns to its minimum tilt angle under the action of the first torsion spring 704, preparing for the next possible working cycle.

[0033] Example 3, please refer to Figures 1-7 Based on Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the one-way locking mechanism 9 includes a ratchet groove 901 opened at the end of the shaft 8, and a rotating wheel 902 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the ratchet groove 901. A telescopic damping rod 903 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the ratchet groove 901, and the output end of the telescopic damping rod 903 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating wheel 902 to provide damping buffer for the sliding of the rotating wheel 902. A first fixing post 904 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting seat 10, and a pawl 905 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first fixing post 904.

[0034] Furthermore, a second fixing post 906 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting seat 10, and a second torsion spring 907 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second fixing post 906. The end of the second torsion spring 907 away from the second fixing post 906 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pawl 905, and the outer wall of the end of the pawl 905 engages with the outer wall of the rotating wheel 902.

[0035] Specifically, when the operator needs to install or replace the fuse, they first use the insulated operating rod to press the two rotating wheels 902. The shaft 8 is rotatably connected through the inside of the connecting sleeve 5, and both ends of the shaft 8 are equipped with a one-way locking mechanism 9. The end of the lower cover plate 2 away from the high-strength insulating shell 1 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 10. The lower end contact 11 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 5. Under the action of the pressing force, the shaft 8 slides along the inner wall of the ratchet groove 901 toward the inner side of the end of the shaft 8. At this time, the telescopic damping rod 903 is compressed, and the outer wall of the rotating wheel 902 is disengaged from the snap-fit ​​engagement with the outer wall of the end of the pawl 905. After that, the shaft 8 can rotate freely in both directions. The operator can easily rotate the fuse tube 4 upward around the shaft 8 through the connecting sleeve 5 to complete the installation.

[0036] When a circuit fault causes the fuse tube 4 to fall, the fuse tube 4 drives the connecting sleeve 5 and the shaft 8 to rotate in the direction of the fall. During the process, the shaft 8 will drive the rotating wheel 902 to rotate synchronously through the ratchet groove 901, so that the outer wall of the rotating wheel 902 squeezes the pawl 905 and makes it spring away, and then the falling action can be completed smoothly. After that, the fuse tube 4 falls into place. If the fuse tube 4 rebounds due to wind, vibration or mechanical rebound, the pawl 905 will immediately lock the rotating wheel 902, preventing the shaft 8 from rotating in the opposite direction, thus firmly locking the falling position of the fuse tube 4.

[0037] This design avoids the rebound phenomenon that easily occurs when the fuse tube 4 falls due to gravity or wind, improving the user-friendliness and reliability of high-voltage drop-out fuses. It is especially suitable for power distribution lines in windy areas. Rebound may cause the arc to reignite or cause the fuse tube 4 to re-contact the upper stationary contact, creating the illusion that the fault point is not completely isolated. This ensures reliable disconnection of the line while also ensuring the personal safety of the personnel.

[0038] It should be noted that all the devices in this application are common devices on the market, and can be selected according to the needs of specific use. The circuit connection relationship of each device is a simple series and parallel connection circuit. There is no innovation in the circuit connection part. Those skilled in the art can easily implement it. It belongs to the prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0039] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A high-voltage fuse, comprising a high-strength insulating shell (1), characterized in that: The high-strength insulating shell (1) is fixedly connected to a lower cover plate (2) and an upper cover plate (3) at its upper and lower ends, respectively. A fusion tube (4) is installed between the lower cover plate (2) and the upper cover plate (3). A connecting sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the fusion tube (4), and a ventilation and cooling mechanism (6) is provided on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (5). An upper terminal (14) is fixedly installed on the top of the upper cover plate (3) for connecting the high-voltage power supply inlet line. A lower terminal (15) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the lower cover plate (2) for connecting the load side outlet line. An installation handle (16) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the high-strength insulating shell (1). The ventilation and cooling mechanism (6) includes two L-shaped rods (601) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (5). The two L-shaped rods (601) are connected to an annular plate (603) and a baffle plate (609) through opposing movable parts. The bottom surface of the annular plate (603) and the top surface of the baffle plate (609) correspond to each other in the vertical direction. The annular plate (603) is movably arranged inside the melt tube (4) to move up and down inside the melt tube (4) to disturb the airflow. The inner wall of the annular plate (603) is provided with an auxiliary fan mechanism (7), which includes a mounting block (701) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular plate (603).

2. A high-voltage fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opposing movable components include a first transmission plate (604) and a second transmission plate (610) that are slidably connected through the L-shaped rod (601). Two positioning shafts (602) are fixedly connected through the interior of the L-shaped rod (601). A first groove (605) is formed through the side wall of the first transmission plate (604), allowing the first transmission plate (604) to slide against the outer wall of the corresponding positioning shaft (602) via the first groove (605), thus guiding the first transmission plate (604) in the vertical direction. A second groove (611) is formed through the side wall of the second transmission plate (610), allowing the second transmission plate (610) to slide through the second groove (611). The L-shaped rod (601) slides against the outer wall of the corresponding positioning shaft (602) to guide the second transmission plate (610) in the vertical direction. A fixed shaft (607) is fixedly connected through the L-shaped rod (601) and located between the two positioning shafts (602). A gear (608) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed shaft (607) by a torsion spring. A first tooth groove (606) is opened on the side wall of the first transmission plate (604). The teeth of the gear (608) mesh with the inner wall of the first tooth groove (606). A second tooth groove (612) is opened on the side wall of the second transmission plate (610). The teeth of the gear (608) mesh with the inner wall of the second tooth groove (612).

3. A high-voltage fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top ends of the two first transmission plates (604) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular plate (603), and the bottom ends of the two second transmission plates (610) are fixedly connected to the top of the wind deflector (609).

4. A high-voltage fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixing rod (702) is fixedly connected through the interior of the mounting block (701), and a wind deflector (703) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixing rod (702). A first torsion spring (704) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting block (701), and one end of the first torsion spring (704) away from the mounting block (701) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wind deflector (703). The first torsion spring (704) applies a downward flipping force to the wind deflector (703). A limiting plate (705) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block (701), and the side wall of the limiting plate (705) corresponds to the side wall of the wind deflector (703) to limit the maximum flipping angle of the wind deflector (703).

5. A high-voltage fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting sleeve (5) is rotatably connected to a shaft (8), and both ends of the shaft (8) are provided with a one-way locking mechanism (9). The lower cover plate (2) is fixedly connected to a connecting seat (10) at the end away from the high-strength insulating shell (1), and the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to a lower end contact (11).

6. A high-voltage fuse according to claim 5, characterized in that, The one-way locking mechanism (9) includes a ratchet groove (901) opened at the end of the shaft (8), and a rotating wheel (902) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the ratchet groove (901). A telescopic damping rod (903) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the ratchet groove (901), and the output end of the telescopic damping rod (903) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating wheel (902) to provide damping buffer for the sliding of the rotating wheel (902). A first fixing post (904) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting seat (10), and a pawl (905) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first fixing post (904). A second fixing post (906) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting seat (10), and a second torsion spring (907) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second fixing post (906).

7. A high-voltage fuse according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the second torsion spring (907) away from the second fixed post (906) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pawl (905), and the outer wall of the end of the pawl (905) engages with the outer wall of the wheel (902).

8. A high-voltage fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper cover plate (3) is fixedly installed with an upper contact (12), and the top of the fusion tube (4) is fixedly installed with a metal sleeve (13), and the top of the metal sleeve (13) corresponds to the bottom surface of the upper contact (12).

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