Non-carbon group ivb-based nitrides as conductive additives for all-solid-state battery cells

Abstract

The invention relates to non-carbon group IVb-based nitrides as conductive additives for all-solid-state battery cells. An all-solid-state battery cell comprises C cathode electrodes comprising a cathode active material layer disposed on one or both sides of a cathode current collector; A anode electrodes comprising an anode active material layer disposed on one or both sides of an anode current collector; and S separators disposed between respective ones of the A anode electrodes and the C cathode electrodes. At least one of the cathode active material layers, the anode active material layers, and the S separators comprises a solid electrolyte. At least one of the cathode active material layers and the anode active material layers comprises a conductive additive comprising a transition metal nitride. The transition metal nitride is selected from the group consisting of group IVb nitrides, multinary nitrides, and combinations thereof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to battery packs, and more specifically to conductive additives in the electrodes of all-solid-state battery packs. Background Technology

[0002] The information provided in this section is intended to generally present the background of this disclosure. The work of the currently named inventors, to the extent described in this section, and in aspects of the specification that would not otherwise be considered prior art at the time of filing, neither expressly nor implicitly acknowledges that it is prior art to this disclosure.

[0003] Electric vehicles (EVs), such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and / or fuel cell vehicles, include one or more motors and battery pack systems, which include one or more battery cells, modules, and / or packs. A power control system is used to control the charging and / or discharging of the battery pack system during charging and / or driving.

[0004] The battery pack includes a cathode electrode, an anode electrode, and a separator. The cathode electrode includes a layer of cathode active material disposed on a cathode current collector. The anode electrode includes a layer of anode active material disposed on an anode current collector. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The all-solid-state battery pack includes: C cathode electrodes, each comprising a cathode active material layer disposed on one or both sides of a cathode current collector; A anode electrodes, each comprising an anode active material layer disposed on one or both sides of an anode current collector; and S separators disposed between the corresponding anode and cathode electrodes of the A anode electrodes and the C cathode electrodes. At least one of the cathode active material layer, the anode active material layer, and the S separators comprises a solid electrolyte. At least one of the cathode active material layer and the anode active material layer comprises a conductive additive, said conductive additive comprising a transition metal nitride.

[0006] Among other characteristics, the transition metal nitrides have a rock salt phase and sodium chloride structure. The cathode active material layer comprises 50 to 99.4 wt% cathode active material, 0 to 50 wt% solid electrolyte, 0.1 to 20 wt% binder, and 0.5 to 6 wt% transition metal nitrides.

[0007] Among other features, the S separators contain 80 to 100% by weight of solid electrolyte and 0 to 20% by weight of adhesive.

[0008] Among other features, the anolyte layer comprises 0 to 99.4% by weight of anolyte, 0 to 50% by weight of solid electrolyte, 0.1 to 20% by weight of binder, and 0.2 to 5% by weight of transition metal nitride.

[0009] Among other characteristics, the transition metal nitride is selected from group IVb nitrides, multi-component nitrides, and combinations thereof. Group IVb nitrides include metals selected from titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), and combinations thereof. Multi-component nitrides include group IVb nitrides, wherein the transition metal of the group IVb nitride is partially substituted by at least one of group Vb metals selected from vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), and tantalum (Ta) and group VIb metals selected from chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and tungsten (W).

[0010] Among other characteristics, the cathode active material is selected from rock salt layered oxides, spinel, polyanion cathode materials, and lithium transition metal oxides. The cathode active material includes at least one of surface-coated cathode active materials and doped cathode active materials. The cathode active material is selected from lithium metal oxides / sulfides, lithium sulfides, sulfur, and combinations thereof.

[0011] Among other features, the anolyte is selected from silicon (Si)-based materials, carbonaceous materials, and metal oxides. The solid electrolyte is selected from pseudo-binary sulfides, pseudo-ternary sulfides, pseudo-quaternary sulfides, and halide-based solid electrolytes.

[0012] The all-solid-state battery pack includes C cathode electrodes, each comprising a cathode active material layer disposed on one or both sides of a cathode current collector; A anode electrodes, each comprising an anode active material layer disposed on one or both sides of an anode current collector; and S separators disposed between the corresponding anode and cathode electrodes of the A anode electrodes and the C cathode electrodes. C, A, and S are integers greater than 1. At least one of the cathode active material layer, the anode active material layer, and the S separators comprises a sulfide solid electrolyte. At least one of the cathode active material layer and the anode active material layer comprises a conductive additive, said conductive additive comprising a transition metal nitride. The transition metal nitride is selected from group IVb nitrides, multi-component nitrides, and combinations thereof. The transition metal nitride has a rock salt phase and a sodium chloride structure.

[0013] Among other features, the cathode active material layer comprises 50 to 99.4% by weight of cathode active material, 0 to 50% by weight of sulfide solid electrolyte, 0.1 to 20% by weight of binder and 0.5 to 6% by weight of transition metal nitride.

[0014] Among other features, the anodic active material layer comprises 50 to 99.4% by weight of anodic active material, 0 to 50% by weight of sulfide solid electrolyte, 0.1 to 20% by weight of binder and 0.2 to 5% by weight of transition metal nitride.

[0015] Among other features, the S separators comprise 80 to 100% by weight of a solid electrolyte and 0 to 20% by weight of a binder. Group IVb nitrides include metals selected from titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), and combinations thereof. Multi-component nitrides include group IVb nitrides, wherein the transition metal of the group IVb nitride is partially substituted by at least one of group Vb metals selected from vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), and tantalum (Ta) and group VIb metals selected from chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and tungsten (W).

[0016] Among other characteristics, the cathode active material is selected from rock salt layered oxides, spinel, multi-anion cathode materials, and lithium transition metal oxides. The anode active material is selected from silicon (Si)-based materials, carbonaceous materials, and metal oxides.

[0017] The present invention discloses the following solutions:

[0018] Option 1. An all-solid-state battery pack, comprising:

[0019] C cathode electrodes, each comprising a cathode active material layer disposed on one or both sides of the cathode current collector;

[0020] A anolyte includes a layer of anolyte active material disposed on one or both sides of the anolyte current collector; and

[0021] S isolators are arranged between the corresponding anode and cathode electrodes of A anode electrodes and C cathode electrodes, where C, A, and S are integers greater than 1.

[0022] Wherein, at least one of the cathode active material layer, the anode active material layer, and the S separators comprises a solid electrolyte, and

[0023] Wherein, at least one of the cathode active material layer and the anode active material layer contains a conductive additive, and the conductive additive contains a transition metal nitride.

[0024] Option 2. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 1, wherein the transition metal nitride has a rock salt phase and a sodium chloride structure.

[0025] Option 3. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 1, wherein the cathode active material layer comprises:

[0026] 50 to 99.4% by weight of cathode active material,

[0027] 0 to 50% by weight of solid electrolytes,

[0028] 0.1 to 20% by weight of adhesive; and

[0029] 0.5 to 6% by weight of transition metal nitrides.

[0030] Option 4. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 1, wherein the S separators comprise 80 to 100% by weight of a solid electrolyte and 0 to 20% by weight of a binder.

[0031] Option 5. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 1, wherein the anode active material layer comprises:

[0032] 50 to 99.4% by weight of anode active material,

[0033] 0 to 50% by weight of solid electrolytes,

[0034] 0.1 to 20% by weight of adhesive; and

[0035] 0.2 to 5% by weight of transition metal nitrides.

[0036] Option 6. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 1, wherein the transition metal nitride is selected from group IVb nitrides, multi-component nitrides and combinations thereof.

[0037] Option 7. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 6, wherein the group IVb nitrides include metals selected from titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), and combinations thereof.

[0038] Option 8. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 6, wherein the multi-component nitride comprises a group IVb nitride, wherein the transition metal of the group IVb nitride is replaced by at least one of the following:

[0039] Group B metals selected from vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), and tantalum (Ta), and

[0040] Group VIb metals selected from chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and tungsten (W).

[0041] Option 9. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 3, wherein the cathode active material is selected from rock salt layered oxides, spinel, multi-anion cathode materials and lithium transition metal oxides.

[0042] Option 10. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 3, wherein the cathode active material includes at least one of surface-coated cathode active material and doped cathode active material.

[0043] Option 11. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 3, wherein the cathode active material is selected from lithium metal oxides / sulfides, lithium sulfides, sulfur, and combinations thereof.

[0044] Option 12. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 5, wherein the anode active material is selected from silicon (Si)-based materials, carbonaceous materials, and metal oxides.

[0045] Option 13. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 1, wherein the solid electrolyte is selected from pseudo-binary sulfides, pseudo-ternary sulfides, pseudo-quaternary sulfides, and halide-based solid electrolytes.

[0046] Option 14. An all-solid-state battery pack, comprising:

[0047] C cathode electrodes, each comprising a cathode active material layer disposed on one or both sides of the cathode current collector;

[0048] A anolyte includes a layer of anolyte active material disposed on one or both sides of the anolyte current collector; and

[0049] S isolators are arranged between the corresponding anode and cathode electrodes of A anode electrodes and C cathode electrodes, where C, A, and S are integers greater than 1.

[0050] Wherein, at least one of the cathode active material layer, the anode active material layer, and the S separators comprises a sulfide solid electrolyte.

[0051] At least one of the cathode active material layer and the anode active material layer comprises a conductive additive, wherein the conductive additive comprises a transition metal nitride.

[0052] The transition metal nitrides are selected from group IVb nitrides, multi-component nitrides, and combinations thereof.

[0053] The transition metal nitrides have a rock salt phase and a sodium chloride structure.

[0054] Option 15. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 14, wherein the cathode active material layer comprises:

[0055] 50 to 99.4% by weight of cathode active material,

[0056] 0 to 50% by weight of sulfide solid electrolytes,

[0057] 0.1 to 20% by weight of adhesive; and

[0058] 0.5 to 6% by weight of transition metal nitrides.

[0059] Option 16. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 15, wherein the anode active material layer comprises:

[0060] 50 to 99.4% by weight of anode active material,

[0061] 0 to 50% by weight of sulfide solid electrolytes,

[0062] 0.1 to 20% by weight of adhesive; and

[0063] 0.2 to 5% by weight of transition metal nitrides.

[0064] Option 17. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 14, wherein the S separators comprise 80 to 100% by weight of a solid electrolyte and 0 to 20% by weight of a binder.

[0065] Option 18. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 14, wherein the group IVb nitrides include metals selected from titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), and combinations thereof.

[0066] Option 19. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 14, wherein the multi-component nitride comprises a group IVb nitride, wherein the transition metal of the group IVb nitride is replaced by at least one of the following:

[0067] Group B metals selected from vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), and tantalum (Ta), and

[0068] Group VIb metals selected from chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and tungsten (W).

[0069] Option 20. The all-solid-state battery pack according to Option 16, wherein:

[0070] The cathode active material is selected from rock salt layered oxides, spinel, multi-anion cathode materials, and lithium transition metal oxides.

[0071] The anode active material is selected from silicon (Si)-based materials, carbonaceous materials, and metal oxides.

[0072] Further applicability of this disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description, claims, and drawings. The detailed description and specific embodiments are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0073] This disclosure will be more fully understood through detailed description and the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0074] Figure 1This is a side cross-sectional view of an example of an all-solid-state battery pack including A anode electrodes, C cathode electrodes and S separators according to the present disclosure;

[0075] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of the all-solid-state battery pack;

[0076] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of one of the C cathode electrodes according to this disclosure;

[0077] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of one of the S isolation components according to this disclosure;

[0078] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of one of the A anode electrodes according to this disclosure;

[0079] Figure 6 Charge-discharge curves are shown for examples of all-solid-state battery packs with and without transition metal nitrides as conductive additives in the anode electrode; and

[0080] Figure 7 The discharge rate curves at room temperature are examples of all-solid-state battery packs with and without transition metal nitrides as conductive additives in the anode electrode.

[0081] In the accompanying drawings, reference numerals may be used repeatedly to identify similar and / or identical elements. Detailed Implementation

[0082] Although the battery pack according to this disclosure is described herein in the context of a vehicle, the battery pack can be used in other mobile and / or stationary applications.

[0083] A lithium-ion battery pack includes a cathode electrode, an anode electrode, and a separator disposed between the cathode and anode electrodes. The anode and / or cathode electrodes typically contain active materials, one or more conductive carbon additives, and a binder. The conductive carbon additives enhance electron conduction within the anode and / or cathode electrodes, which further benefits the power capability of the battery pack. However, in sulfide-based all-solid-state battery packs (S-ASSB), the conductive carbon additives cause the decomposition of the sulfide solid electrolyte.

[0084] To mitigate side reactions between the sulfide solid electrolyte and one or more conductive carbon additives in the anode and / or cathode electrodes, one or more conductive carbon additives are replaced with one or more transition metal nitrides (TMNs) to ensure electronic conduction. Transition metal nitrides exhibit electronic conductivity due to the partially filled valence d orbitals not being fully hybridized with N-2p electrons. For example, titanium nitride (TiN) achieves a volumetric electronic conductivity of 5 x 10⁻⁶. 4 Siemens per centimeter (S / cm). In some instances, one or more TMNs have a rock salt phase and a sodium chloride (NaCl) crystal structure.

[0085] Now for reference Figure 1 The solid-state battery pack 10 includes C cathode electrodes 20, A anode electrodes 40, and S separators 32 arranged in a predetermined order within the battery pack stack 12, where C, S, and A are integers greater than zero. In some instances, the vehicle 11 includes a battery pack module or pack 13 that includes the solid-state battery pack 10. The battery pack stack 12 is arranged within a housing 50. The C cathode electrodes 20-1, 20-2, ..., and 20-C include cathode active material layers 24 located on one or both sides of the cathode current collector 26. The A anode electrodes 40-1, 40-2, ..., and 40-A include anode active material layers 42 arranged on one or both sides of the anode current collector 46.

[0086] During the charging / discharging process, A anode electrodes 40 exchange lithium ions with C cathode electrodes 20. In some instances, the cathode active material layer 24 and / or the anode active material layer 42 include a coating applied to the current collector, the coating comprising one or more active materials, a solid electrolyte, one or more conductive additives, and / or one or more binder materials.

[0087] In some instances, the anode current collector 46 and / or the cathode current collector 26 comprises metal foil, metal mesh, perforated metal, three-dimensional (3D) metal foam, and / or expanded metal. External tabs 28 and 48 are connected to the current collectors of the cathode and anode electrodes, respectively, and can be arranged on the same side or different sides of the battery pack stack 12. External tabs 28 and 48 are connected to the terminals of the battery pack cells.

[0088] Now for reference Figures 2 to 5 The C cathode electrodes or A anode electrodes, or both of the C cathode electrodes and A anode electrodes, of the S-ASSB battery contain conductive additives, which contain one or more transition metal nitrides (TMNs).

[0089] exist Figure 3The image shows one of C cathode electrodes 20, which includes a cathode active material layer 24 disposed on a cathode current collector 26. The cathode active material layer 24 comprises a cathode active material 62, a solid electrolyte 64 (e.g., a sulfide solid electrolyte), a binder 66, and a conductive additive 68. In some instances, the conductive additive 68 comprises one or more transition metal nitrides (TMNs).

[0090] In some examples, the cathode active material layer 24 comprises 0.5 to 6 wt% TMN. In some examples, the cathode active material layer 24 does not contain conductive carbon filler. In some examples, the cathode active material layer 24 comprises 1 to 3 wt% TMN. The C cathode electrode 20 comprises 50 to 99.4 wt% cathode active material 62, 0 to 50 wt% solid electrolyte 64, and 0.1 to 20 wt% binder 66. In some examples, the cathode active material 62 comprises more than 70 wt% and less than 99.4 wt% of the cathode active material layer 24. In some examples, the solid electrolyte 64 comprises a sulfide solid electrolyte. In some examples, the solid electrolyte 64 comprises 0 to 30 wt%. In some examples, the binder 66 comprises a thermoplastic binder. In some examples, the binder 66 comprises 0.1 to 10 wt%.

[0091] exist Figure 4 The diagram shows one of S separators 32, which comprises a solid electrolyte 72 and an adhesive 74. In some examples, the adhesive 74 comprises a thermoplastic adhesive. In some examples, the separator 32 comprises 80 to 100% by weight of solid electrolyte and 0 to 20% by weight of adhesive. In some examples, the separator 32 comprises 90 to 100% by weight of solid electrolyte and 0 to 10% by weight of adhesive.

[0092] exist Figure 5 The image shows one of A anode electrodes 40, which includes an anode active material layer 42 disposed on an anode current collector 46. The anode active material layer 42 comprises an anode active material 82, a solid electrolyte 84, a binder 86, and a conductive additive 88. In some examples, the conductive additive 88 comprises one or more transition metal nitrides (TMNs).

[0093] In some examples, the anolyte active material layer 42 comprises 0.2 to 5 wt% TMN. In some examples, the anolyte active material layer 42 does not contain conductive carbon filler. In some examples, the anolyte active material layer 42 comprises 0.5 to 2 wt% TMN. An anode electrode 40 comprises 50 to 99.4 wt% anolyte active material 82, 0 to 50 wt% solid electrolyte 84, and 0.1 to 20 wt% binder 86. In some examples, the anolyte active material 82 comprises more than 70 wt% and less than 99.4 wt% of the anolyte active material layer 42. In some examples, the solid electrolyte 84 comprises a sulfide solid electrolyte. In some examples, the solid electrolyte 84 comprises 0 to 30 wt%. In some examples, the binder 86 comprises a thermoplastic binder. In some examples, the binder 86 comprises 0.1 to 10 wt%.

[0094] In some instances, TMN is conductive. In some instances, TMN has a rock salt phase and a sodium chloride structure. In some instances, TMN is selected from group IVb nitrides and multi-component nitrides.

[0095] In some instances, group IVb nitrides include metals selected from titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), and combinations thereof. In some instances, TMNs may include titanium nitride (TiN), zirconium nitride (ZrN), and hafnium nitride (HfN). In other instances, TMNs may include binary systems, such as titanium zirconium nitride (TiN). x Zr 1-x N), titanium hafnium nitride (Ti x Hf 1-x (N) and zirconium nitride (Zr) x Hf 1-x N), where 0 <x<1。

[0096] In some instances, the metal in a group IVb nitride is partially substituted by at least one group Vb element (vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta)) and / or a group VIb element (chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W)) to form a multi-component nitride. Examples of multi-component nitrides include Ti. x V 1-x N, Ti x Nb 1-x N, Ti x Ta 1-x N, Ti x Cr 1-x N, Ti x Mo 1-x N, Ti x W 1-x N, Zr x V 1-x N, Zr x Nb 1-xN, Zr x Ta 1-x N, Zr x Cr 1-x N, Zr x Mo 1-x N, Zr x W 1-x N, Hf x V 1-x N, Hf x Nb 1-x N, Hf x Ta 1-x N, Hf x Cr 1-x N, Hf x Mo 1-x N and Hf x ` W 1-x N, where 0 < x < 1.

[0097] In some examples, the cathode active material is selected from rock salt layered oxides, spinels, polyanionic cathode materials, and / or other lithium transition metal oxides. Examples of rock salt layered oxides include LiCoO2, LiNi x Mn y Co 1-x-y O2, LiNi x Mn y Al 1-x-y O2, LiNi x Mn 1-x O2, Li 1+x MO2 and combinations thereof, where 0 < x < 1 and 0 < y < 1. Examples of spinels include LiMn2O4, LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O4 and combinations thereof. Examples of polyanionic cathodes include LiV2(PO4)3.

[0098] In some examples, the cathode active material includes the cathode materials mentioned above with surface coating and / or doping. In some examples, the cathode active material includes LiMn2O4 or Li2ZrO3 coated with lithium niobate (LiNbO3). For example, the cathode active material includes LiNi x Mn y Co ` 1-x-y O2 coated with lithium phosphate (Li3PO4). In some examples, the cathode active material includes Al-doped LiMn2O4.

[0099] In some examples, the cathode active material includes low-voltage cathode materials such as lithiated metal oxides / sulfides (e.g., LiTiS2), lithium sulfide, sulfur, and combinations thereof.

[0100] In some instances, the anolyte material includes at least one of silicon (Si)-based materials, carbonaceous materials, and metal oxides. In some instances, Si-based materials include Si, silicon oxide (SiO₂), etc. x Lithium silicon oxide (LiSiO) x ), silicon and carbon (Si / C), SiO x / C、LiSiO x / C and combinations thereof. In some instances, carbonaceous materials include graphite, hard carbon, soft carbon, and combinations thereof. Examples of metal oxides include tin oxide (SnO2) and iron oxide (Fe3O4).

[0101] Examples of adhesives include hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-vinyl butene-styrene (SEBS), SEPTON materials (e.g., styrene-[ethylene-(ethylene-propylene)]-styrene (SEEPS), styrene-vinyl butene-styrene (SEPS), styrene-vinyl butene (SEP), etc.), and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP).

[0102] In some instances, the solid electrolyte is selected from pseudo-binary sulfides, pseudo-ternary sulfides, pseudo-quaternary sulfides, and halide-based solid electrolytes.

[0103] Examples of pseudo-binary sulfides include the Li2S-P2S5 system (Li3PS4, Li7P3S) 11 and Li 9.6 P3S 12 Li2S-SnS2 system (Li4SnS4), Li2S-SiS2 system, Li2S-GeS2 system, Li2S-B2S3 system, Li2S-Ga2S3 system, Li2S-P2S3 system, Li2S-Al2S3 system.

[0104] Examples of pseudo-ternary sulfides include the Li₂O-Li₂S-P₂S₅ system, the Li₂S-P₂S₅-P₂O₅ system, the Li₂S-P₂S₅-GeS₂ system, and (Li 3.25 Ge 0.25 P 0.75 S4 and Li 10 GeP2S 12 The Li₂S-P₂S₅-LiX (X = F, Cl, Br, I) system (Li₆PS₅Br, Li₆PS₅Cl, Li₇P₂S₈I and Li₄PS₄I), and the Li₂S-As₂S₅-SnS₂ system (Li 3.833 Sn 0.833 As 0.166The following systems were mentioned: Li₂S-P₂S₅-Al₂S₃, Li₂S-Liₓ-SiS₂ (X = F, Cl, Br, I), 0.4LiI-0.6Li₄SnS₄, and Li₂S₃. 11 Si2PS 12 .

[0105] Examples of pseudo-quaternary sulfides include the Li₂O-Li₂S-P₂S₅-P₂O₅ system, Li 9.54 Si 1.74 P 1.44 S 11.7 Cl 0.3 Li7P 2.9 Mn 0.1 S 10.7 I 0.3 and Li 10.35 [Sn 0.27 Si 1.08 ]P 1.65 S 12 .

[0106] Examples of halide-based solid electrolytes include Li3MX6 (M = Y, In, Zr, Sc, Er, etc.; X = Cl, Br, I), Li2MX4 (M = Cd, Mg, Zn, etc.; X = Cl, Br, I) and Li3OCl.

[0107] Now for reference Figure 2 , 6 Figures 7 and 8 illustrate the performance of an example of an all-solid-state battery pack. Figure 6 and 7 The diagram shows an all-solid-state battery pack where the anode electrode at position 210 does not contain TMN as a conductive additive, while the anode electrode at position 214 does contain TMN as a conductive additive. The cathode electrodes at positions 210 and 214 both contain NCM523, silver sulfide-germanium ore-Li6PS5Cl(LPSCl), and Super P in a weight ratio of 53.2 / 42.5 / 4.3. The anode electrode at position 210 contains Si / SEEPS / LPSCl in a weight ratio of 70 / 25 / 5. The anode electrode at position 214 contains Si / SEEPS / LPSCl / TiN in a weight ratio of 67.2 / 4.8 / 24 / 4.0. This demonstrates that introducing transition metal nitrides such as TiN into the anode electrode improves the discharge rate at room temperature.

[0108] The foregoing description is illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit this disclosure, its application, or its use. The broad teachings of this disclosure can be implemented in various forms. Therefore, although this disclosure includes specific examples, its true scope should not be so limited, as other modifications will become apparent upon examination of the drawings, specification, and the following claims. It should be understood that one or more steps within the method may be performed in different orders (or simultaneously) without altering the principles of this disclosure. Furthermore, although the embodiments are described above as having certain features, any one or more of those features described with respect to any embodiment of this disclosure may be implemented in any other embodiment and / or combined with features of any other embodiment, even if such combination is not explicitly described. In other words, the embodiments are not mutually exclusive, and the mutual permutations and combinations of one or more embodiments remain within the scope of this disclosure.

[0109] The foregoing description is illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit this disclosure, its application, or its use. The broad teachings of this disclosure can be implemented in many forms. Therefore, although this disclosure includes specific examples, its true scope should not be so limited, as other modifications will become apparent upon examination of the drawings, description, and appended claims. It should be understood that one or more steps within the method may be performed in a different order (or simultaneously) without altering the principles of this disclosure. Furthermore, although each embodiment is described above as having certain features, any one or more of those features described with respect to any embodiment of this disclosure may be implemented in any other embodiment and / or combined with features in any other embodiment, even if such combination is not explicitly described. In other words, the described embodiments are not mutually exclusive, and permutations and combinations of one or more embodiments with each other exist within the scope of this disclosure.

[0110] Spatial and functional relationships between elements (e.g., between modules, circuit elements, semiconductor layers, etc.) are described using various terms, including “connection,” “joint,” “coupled,” “adjacent,” “closely adjacent,” “above,” “under,” and “set.” Unless explicitly described as “direct,” the relationship between the first and second elements described in the foregoing disclosure can be a direct relationship, where no other intermediary element exists between the first and second elements, or an indirect relationship, where one or more intermediary elements exist between the first and second elements (spatially or functionally). As used herein, the phrase at least one of A, B, and C should be interpreted as meaning the logic of using non-exclusive OR (A OR B OR C), and should not be interpreted as meaning “at least one A, at least one B, and at least one C.”

Claims

1. A solid-state battery pack, comprising: C cathode electrodes, each comprising a cathode active material layer disposed on one or both sides of the cathode current collector; A anolyte includes a layer of anolyte active material disposed on one or both sides of the anolyte current collector; and S isolators are arranged between the corresponding anode and cathode electrodes of A anode electrodes and C cathode electrodes, where C, A, and S are integers greater than 1. Wherein, at least one of the cathode active material layer, the anode active material layer, and the S separators comprises a solid electrolyte, and Wherein, at least one of the cathode active material layer and the anode active material layer contains a conductive additive, and the conductive additive contains a transition metal nitride.

2. The all-solid-state battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the transition metal nitride has a rock salt phase and a sodium chloride structure.

3. The all-solid-state battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the cathode active material layer comprises: 50 to 99.4% by weight of cathode active material, 0 to 50% by weight of solid electrolytes, 0.1 to 20% by weight of adhesive; and 0.5 to 6% by weight of transition metal nitrides.

4. The all-solid-state battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the S separators comprise 80 to 100% by weight of a solid electrolyte and 0 to 20% by weight of a binder.

5. The all-solid-state battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the anode active material layer comprises: 50 to 99.4% by weight of anode active material, 0 to 50% by weight of solid electrolytes, 0.1 to 20% by weight of adhesive; and 0.2 to 5% by weight of transition metal nitrides.

6. The all-solid-state battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the transition metal nitride is selected from group IVb nitrides, multi-component nitrides, and combinations thereof.

7. The all-solid-state battery pack according to claim 6, wherein the group IVb nitrides include metals selected from titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), and combinations thereof.

8. The all-solid-state battery pack according to claim 6, wherein the multi-component nitride comprises a group IVb nitride, wherein the transition metal of the group IVb nitride is replaced by at least one of the following: Group B metals selected from vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), and tantalum (Ta), and Group VIb metals selected from chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and tungsten (W).

9. The all-solid-state battery pack according to claim 3, wherein the cathode active material is selected from rock salt layered oxides, spinel, multi-anion cathode materials, and lithium transition metal oxides.

10. The all-solid-state battery pack according to claim 3, wherein the cathode active material comprises at least one of surface-coated cathode active material and doped cathode active material.

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