Battery pack and powered device

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a battery pack and an electric device, the battery pack comprising a plurality of battery monomers and a shell, the plurality of battery monomers being arranged in the shell, and a thermal decomposition solid substance being arranged on the shell and configured to be capable of heat absorption decomposition. Through the above technical solution, the battery pack provided by the present disclosure can achieve the purpose of heat absorption cooling of the battery pack, reduce the possibility of safety problems such as fire of the battery pack, and help to improve the safety of the whole battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of battery pack technology, and more specifically, to a battery pack and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, how to reduce safety issues such as battery pack fires and improve the overall safety of the battery pack has become a research goal for industry professionals. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a battery pack and electrical device that can reduce the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fires and help improve the overall safety of the battery pack.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this disclosure provides a battery pack, comprising: a plurality of battery cells; and a housing, wherein the plurality of battery cells are disposed within the housing, and the housing is provided with a thermally decomposable solid material, the thermally decomposable solid material being configured to absorb heat and decompose.

[0005] Optionally, the thermal decomposition products of the thermally decomposed solid material include gas and / or water.

[0006] Optionally, the thermally decomposed solid material includes at least one of calcium carbonate, hydrated salts, hydrated basic salts, hydrated sulfates, calcium sulfate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and zinc carbonate.

[0007] Optionally, the thermally decomposed solid material is disposed in the emission path of the emissions during thermal runaway of the battery cell.

[0008] Optionally, the shell has a cavity inside its wall, and the thermally decomposed solid substance is disposed within the cavity.

[0009] Optionally, the thermally decomposed solid material is disposed on the inner wall surface of the cavity in the form of a coating.

[0010] Optionally, the battery pack further includes a connecting membrane disposed on the inner wall of the cavity, and the thermally decomposable solid material is disposed on the connecting membrane.

[0011] Optionally, the cavity has a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, and the thermally decomposable solid material is disposed on at least one of the first surface and the second surface.

[0012] Optionally, along the first direction, the thickness of the thermally decomposed solid material is less than the distance between the first surface and the second surface.

[0013] Optionally, the thermally decomposable solid material is configured to undergo thermal decomposition at a temperature greater than or equal to 200°C within the cavity.

[0014] Optionally, the cavity is filled with gas.

[0015] Optionally, the pressure inside the cavity is 1 kPa to 3 kPa.

[0016] Optionally, the cavity includes a pressure relief channel, and the housing is provided with a first pressure relief component that connects the battery cell and the pressure relief channel.

[0017] Optionally, the thermally decomposable solid substance is disposed on the inner wall surface of the connecting port; and / or, the thermally decomposable solid substance is disposed on the wall surface of the pressure relief channel facing the connecting port; and / or, the thermally decomposable solid substance is disposed on at least a portion of the inner wall surface of the pressure relief channel.

[0018] Optionally, the pressure relief channel has a pressure relief port, and a pressure relief switch is provided at the pressure relief port to block the pressure relief port. The pressure relief switch is configured to open the pressure relief port when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway.

[0019] Optionally, the opening pressure of the pressure relief switch is greater than the pressure inside the cavity.

[0020] Optionally, the pressure relief switch includes a reinforcing plate, which is detachably connected to the outer wall of the housing and blocks the pressure relief port.

[0021] Optionally, the reinforcing plate is bonded to the housing.

[0022] Optionally, the connection strength between the reinforcing plate and the housing is greater than the pressure in the pressure relief channel.

[0023] Optionally, the housing includes a base plate, and the pressure relief channel is disposed within the base plate.

[0024] A second aspect of this disclosure provides an electrical device including the battery pack provided in the first aspect.

[0025] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, namely the battery pack provided in this disclosure, the battery pack has a thermally decomposable solid material on the shell, and the thermally decomposable solid material is constructed to absorb heat and decompose. Thus, the thermally decomposable solid material can absorb heat while decomposing, so as to absorb heat from the shell and the battery pack to achieve the purpose of absorbing heat and cooling the battery pack, reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire, and helping to improve the safety of the entire battery pack.

[0026] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery pack provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery pack provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of location A in the diagram; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack housing provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate of the battery pack provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second plate of the battery pack provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Cross-sectional view at position BB in the middle; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of a portion of the area at position C.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1-Battery cell; 110-First pressure relief component; 2-Housing shell; 210-Cavity; 211-First surface; 212-Second surface; 213-Pressure relief channel; 220-Connecting port; 230-Pressure relief port; 240-Pressure relief switch; 241-Reinforcing plate; 250-Base plate; 251-First plate; 252-Second plate; 253-Injection port; 260-Receiving groove; 270-Frame; 280-Cover; 3-Thermolytic solid substance; 4-Adhesive; 5-Adhesive-blocking structure; 510-Receiving channel; 6-Sealant; 7-Potting adhesive structure. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0030] It should be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this disclosure are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the location is situated, and with authorization from the owner of the relevant device.

[0031] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower dimensions within the space of the battery pack when it is in use. "Inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer dimensions relative to the outline of the component or structure itself. Furthermore, it should be noted that terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish one element from another and do not indicate sequence or importance. Additionally, in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same elements.

[0032] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a battery pack is provided, with reference to... Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the battery pack includes multiple battery cells 1 and a housing 2. The multiple battery cells 1 are disposed inside the housing 2, and the housing 2 is provided with a thermally decomposable solid substance 3. The thermally decomposable solid substance 3 is configured to undergo endothermic decomposition.

[0033] Through the above technical solution, namely the battery pack provided in this disclosure, the battery pack has a thermally decomposable solid material 3 on the shell 2, and the thermally decomposable solid material 3 is constructed to absorb heat and decompose. Thus, while the thermally decomposable solid material 3 decomposes, it can absorb heat, thereby absorbing the heat inside the shell 2 and the battery pack to achieve the purpose of absorbing heat and cooling the battery pack, reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire, and helping to improve the safety of the entire battery pack.

[0034] In some embodiments, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 is disposed in the emission path of the emissions during thermal runaway of the battery cell 1, so that the thermally decomposable solid material 3 can quickly absorb heat during thermal runaway of the battery cell 1. The emission path of the emissions from the battery cell 1 can be set in any suitable manner. For example, the emissions can be discharged through a pressure relief channel 213 (described below) provided in the wall of the housing 2, in which case the thermally decomposable solid material 3 can be disposed in the pressure relief channel 213. Alternatively, the emissions can be discharged through the inner wall surface of the housing 2, in which case the thermally decomposable solid material 3 can be disposed on the inner wall surface of the housing 2. This disclosure is not limited to this.

[0035] In some embodiments, each battery cell 1 may be provided with a first pressure relief component 110, which is used to activate in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 1 to discharge the aforementioned emissions.

[0036] Exemplarily, in some implementations, reference is made to Figures 1 to 9As shown, the shell 2 may have a cavity 210 inside its wall. The thermally decomposable solid material 3 may be disposed inside the cavity 210. The cavity 210 may include a pressure relief channel 213. The shell 2 may be provided with a communication port 220 connecting the first pressure relief component 110 of the battery cell 1 and the pressure relief channel 213. With this arrangement, the discharge path of the first pressure relief component 110 can pass through the cavity 210 (i.e., the pressure relief channel 213) inside the shell 2. And because the thermally decomposable solid material 3 is disposed inside the cavity 210 (i.e., the pressure relief channel 213), in the event of thermal runaway (when the first pressure relief component 110 of the battery cell 1 is opened to relieve pressure), the thermally decomposed solid material 3 can absorb the heat in the cavity 210 (i.e., the pressure relief channel 213) to achieve the purpose of absorbing heat and cooling the cavity 210 (i.e., the pressure relief channel 213) inside the shell 2, thereby reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire and helping to improve the safety of the entire battery pack.

[0037] It should be noted that the cavity 210 is not limited to the form of the pressure relief channel 213. The cavity can also be a cavity that is not connected to the first pressure relief component 110 of the battery cell 1, as long as the thermally decomposable solid material 3 inside can absorb heat and decompose to achieve heat absorption and cooling of the battery pack.

[0038] In addition, in some embodiments not shown, thermally decomposable solid material 3 may be provided on the inner wall surface of the communication port 220 so that, for example in the event of thermal runaway, since the communication port 220 is relatively close to the first pressure relief component 110 of the battery cell 1, the thermal decomposition of the thermally decomposable solid material 3 on the inner wall surface of the communication port 220 can achieve the purpose of rapid heat absorption and cooling of the battery pack, thereby reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire.

[0039] In addition, in some other embodiments, thermally decomposable solid material 3 may also be provided on the wall surface of the cavity 210 facing the connection port 220. For example, thermally decomposable solid material 3 may also be provided on the wall surface of the cavity 210 facing the battery cell 1 and corresponding to the location of the connection port 220. With this arrangement, in the event of thermal runaway, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 on the wall surface corresponding to the location of the connection port 220 can undergo heat absorption and decomposition immediately, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid heat absorption and cooling of the battery pack and reduce the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire.

[0040] In addition, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the inner wall surface of the pressure relief channel 213 may be provided with thermally decomposable solid material 3. This disclosure does not specifically limit the above-mentioned modifications, the purpose of which is to achieve heat absorption and cooling inside the cavity 210 and the battery pack. Those skilled in the art can design it adaptively according to their needs.

[0041] It should be noted that, by providing thermally decomposable solid material 3 in the cavity 210 (i.e., pressure relief channel 213) inside the housing 2, for example, by providing thermally decomposable solid material 3 in the pressure relief channel 213, in the event of thermal runaway, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 can be placed in the discharge path of the first pressure relief component 110. Furthermore, since the thermally decomposable solid material 3 has a high surface roughness, it can increase the contact surface in the event of thermal runaway, which helps to improve the heat absorption and cooling effect inside the housing 2 and the battery pack, reduce the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire, and improve the overall safety of the battery pack.

[0042] Of course, those skilled in the art can also provide thermally decomposable solid material 3 in any cavity 210 within the housing 2 as needed. That is, it can be understood that the housing 2 may include, for example, a base plate 250, a frame 270, and a cover 280, wherein the base plate 250 and the frame 270 form a receiving groove 260 for accommodating multiple battery cells 1, and the cover 280 closes the receiving groove 260. In this way, those skilled in the art can provide the aforementioned thermally decomposable solid material 3 in at least one of the cavities of the base plate 250, the frame 270, and the cover 280 as needed. In this way, after the discharge path of, for example, the first pressure relief component 110 passes through at least one of the cavities of the base plate 250, the frame 270, and the cover 280, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 can be used to absorb heat and cool down the cavity, thereby reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fires.

[0043] In addition, it should be noted that, in order to further improve the overall safety of the battery pack, the battery pack can be arranged in a thermoelectric separation manner to separate the pressure relief channel 213 from the electrical connection area (not shown) inside the battery pack, thereby improving the safety inside the battery pack. The specific arrangement of the thermoelectric separation of the battery pack is not specifically limited in this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can design it adaptively according to their needs.

[0044] This disclosure is specifically described by way of example, by providing a thermally decomposable solid substance 3 within a pressure relief channel 213 inside the housing 2: For example, in some embodiments, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 is configured to undergo thermal decomposition when the temperature inside the cavity 210 is greater than or equal to 200°C. Thus, when the cavity 210 is, for example, a pressure relief channel 213, during thermal runaway (when the first pressure relief component 110 of the battery cell 1 is opened to relieve pressure), high-temperature and high-pressure gas is ejected from the first pressure relief component 110, making the pressure relief channel 213 a high-temperature and high-pressure environment. When the temperature inside the pressure relief channel 213 is greater than or equal to 200°C, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 placed inside the pressure relief channel 213 can undergo thermal decomposition and absorb the heat inside the pressure relief channel 213 (cavity 210), thereby achieving heat absorption and cooling inside the pressure relief channel 213 (cavity 210). This reduces the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire caused by excessively high temperature inside the pressure relief channel 213, and helps to improve the overall safety of the battery pack.

[0045] The thermal decomposition products of the thermally decomposed solid material 3 may include gas and / or water. For example, when the thermally decomposed solid material 3 in the pressure relief channel 213 undergoes thermal decomposition and generates gas, the thermal decomposition process of the thermally decomposed solid material 3 can achieve heat absorption and cooling in the pressure relief channel 213. At the same time, since new gas is generated in the pressure relief channel 213, it is also convenient to achieve a rapid increase in pressure in the pressure relief channel 213. This helps to ensure that the pressure relief operation can be carried out quickly in the pressure relief channel 213, reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire.

[0046] In addition, when the thermally decomposed solid material 3 in the pressure relief channel 213 undergoes thermal decomposition and produces water, the thermal decomposition of the solid material 3 can achieve heat absorption and cooling of the pressure relief channel 213. At the same time, under high temperature and high pressure, the water produced by the thermal decomposition of the solid material 3 will be rapidly vaporized. Thus, the vaporization of water can also achieve heat absorption and cooling of the pressure relief channel 213, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid heat absorption and cooling of the pressure relief channel 213. Furthermore, the water vapor produced after water vaporization can also facilitate the rapid increase of pressure in the pressure relief channel 213, which helps to ensure that the pressure relief channel 213 can be quickly depressurized, reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fires.

[0047] It should be noted that since the thermally decomposable solid material 3 is usually solid at room temperature, for example, it can remain solid at temperatures ranging from -40℃ to 80℃, when the thermally decomposable solid material 3 is applied to the inner wall of the cavity 210 by means of spraying or spraying, it can provide good protection for the inner wall of the cavity 210. At the same time, in the event of thermal runaway, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 can absorb heat and decompose, thereby absorbing heat from the cavity 210 and the battery pack through the thermal decomposition process of the thermally decomposable solid material 3, achieving the purpose of absorbing heat and cooling the battery pack, reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire, and helping to improve the safety of the entire battery pack.

[0048] Exemplarily, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 may include at least one of calcium carbonate, hydrated salts, hydrated basic salts, hydrated sulfates, calcium sulfate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and zinc carbonate, so that it can undergo thermal decomposition and absorb heat within the cavity 210 in the event of, for example, thermal runaway. This achieves heat absorption and cooling of the cavity 210 and the battery pack, reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fires, and helping to improve the overall safety of the battery pack. This disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0049] It should be noted that calcium carbonate is a stable white solid at room temperature (e.g., in the temperature range of -40°C to 80°C). However, at temperatures such as 825°C, calcium carbonate undergoes thermal decomposition to produce calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. Furthermore, at temperatures such as 300°C, calcium carbonate containing water of crystallization undergoes a dehydration reaction (losing its water of crystallization) and thermally decomposes to release water. Since this dehydration reaction is endothermic, by constructing the thermally decomposable solid material 3 to include calcium carbonate, it is possible to achieve heat absorption and cooling within, for example, the pressure relief channel 213. The generated gas also facilitates a rapid increase in pressure within the pressure relief channel 213, helping to ensure rapid pressure relief operations within the channel and reducing the possibility of safety issues such as battery pack fires.

[0050] Furthermore, the hydrated salt can be, for example, copper sulfate pentahydrate. Copper sulfate pentahydrate is solid at room temperature, and because it undergoes a dehydration reaction (loss of water of crystallization) at 100°C, it thermally decomposes into anhydrous copper sulfate and water. This dehydration reaction is endothermic, thus enabling endothermic cooling within, for example, the pressure relief channel 213. Simultaneously, copper sulfate pentahydrate can continue to undergo a dehydration reaction (loss of water of crystallization) and begin thermal decomposition at 300°C. Therefore, by constructing the thermally decomposable solid substance 3 as including a hydrated salt, the purpose of endothermic cooling within, for example, the pressure relief channel 213 can be achieved.

[0051] Furthermore, hydrated basic salts can be, for example, basic copper carbonate. Basic copper carbonate is solid at room temperature, and under high-temperature conditions such as thermal runaway, it can thermally decompose into copper oxide, carbon dioxide, and water. This can achieve the purpose of absorbing heat and cooling the pressure relief channel 213, and the generated gas can also facilitate a rapid increase in pressure within the pressure relief channel 213, helping to ensure rapid pressure relief operations within the channel 213 and reducing the possibility of safety issues such as battery pack fires. It should also be noted that basic copper carbonate typically undergoes water loss and decomposition at temperatures such as 300°C.

[0052] In addition, the hydrated sulfate can be, for example, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate. Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is solid at room temperature, and it can undergo a dehydration reaction and thermally decompose into anhydrous magnesium sulfate and water at a temperature of, for example, 300°C. This dehydration reaction process is endothermic, so as to achieve endothermic cooling of, for example, the pressure relief channel 213.

[0053] Furthermore, since calcium sulfate is solid at room temperature and can thermally decompose to produce anhydrous calcium sulfate and water under high-temperature conditions such as thermal runaway, and this thermal decomposition process is endothermic, it can achieve heat absorption and cooling within, for example, the pressure relief channel 213.

[0054] In addition, the aforementioned barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and zinc carbonate are all solid at room temperature, and can thermally decompose to generate corresponding oxides (such as barium oxide, magnesium oxide, and zinc oxide) and carbon dioxide under high-temperature conditions such as thermal runaway. Moreover, this thermal decomposition process is endothermic, which can achieve heat absorption and cooling in, for example, the pressure relief channel 213.

[0055] Of course, it should be noted that the thermally decomposed solid material 3 can be prepared from a single material or from a mixture of multiple materials. This disclosure does not impose any specific limitations on this, and those skilled in the art can design it adaptively according to actual application needs.

[0056] In some embodiments, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 can be applied to the inner wall of the cavity 210 in the form of a coating. For example, the thermally decomposable solid material 3, such as calcium carbonate, hydrated salt, hydrated basic salt, hydrated sulfate, calcium sulfate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and zinc carbonate, can be coated onto the inner wall of the cavity 210 to form a coating. This coating can absorb heat in the pressure relief channel 213 through thermal decomposition of the thermally decomposable solid material 3 during thermal runaway, thereby achieving the purpose of absorbing heat and cooling the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213) and the battery pack. This reduces the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fires and helps improve the overall safety of the battery pack. At the same time, the overall weight of the coating structure is lighter and the space occupies is smaller, which facilitates the lightweight design of the entire battery pack.

[0057] Alternatively, in other embodiments, the battery pack may further include a connecting membrane (not shown) disposed on the inner wall surface of the cavity 210, on which a thermally decomposable solid material 3 is disposed. For example, the thermally decomposable solid material 3, such as calcium carbonate, hydrated salts, hydrated basic salts, hydrated sulfates, calcium sulfate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and zinc carbonate, can be sprayed onto the connecting membrane. Alternatively, the thermally decomposable solid material 3, such as calcium carbonate, hydrated salts, hydrated basic salts, hydrated sulfates, calcium sulfate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and zinc carbonate, can be prepared into a single dielectric layer or a composite dielectric layer. The structure is in the form of a dielectric layer, with the dielectric layer and the connecting membrane stacked on top of each other. The connecting membrane can be bonded to the inner wall of the cavity 210, for example, to achieve the purpose of placing the thermally decomposable solid material 3 on the surface of the cavity 210. The structure is simple and easy to install and prepare. In the event of thermal runaway, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 can absorb heat in the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213) through thermal decomposition, thereby achieving the purpose of absorbing heat and cooling the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213) and the battery pack, reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire, and helping to improve the overall safety of the battery pack.

[0058] Exemplarily, in some implementations, reference is made to Figure 4 As shown, the cavity 210 may have a first surface 211 and a second surface 212 arranged opposite to each other along a first direction. At least one of the first surface 211 and the second surface 212 is provided with a thermally decomposable solid substance 3. It should be noted that the first direction may be, for example, the height direction of the battery pack (see reference). Figure 4 In the vertical direction of the middle image (or, as can be referenced, the connection direction between the battery cell 1 and the base plate 250 of the battery pack), it can be understood that by arranging the cavity 210 in at least one of the base plate 250 and the cover 280 of the housing 2, and by providing a thermally decomposable solid material 3 on at least one of the first surface 211 and the second surface 212 of the cavity 210 arranged opposite each other along the height direction of the battery pack, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 is provided on the larger surface (first surface 211 and second surface 212) of the cavity 210. In the event of thermal runaway, for example, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 can quickly absorb the heat in the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213) through thermal decomposition, thereby achieving rapid cooling of the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213) and the battery pack, reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire, and helping to improve the overall safety of the battery pack.

[0059] Of course, it should be noted that the first direction mentioned above can also be the length direction of the battery pack (for example, you can refer to...). Figure 3 The left and right directions of the middle image) or the width direction (for example, you can refer to the direction perpendicular to the center). Figure 3(See the diagram orientation). That is, it can be understood that by arranging the cavity 210 within, for example, the frame 270, and providing thermally decomposable solid material 3 on at least one of the first surface 211 and the second surface 212 arranged opposite each other along the length or width direction of the battery pack, the purpose of rapid cooling of the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213) and the battery pack can also be achieved, reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire. Those skilled in the art can adaptively design the arrangement position of the thermally decomposable solid material 3 according to actual application needs. For example, the thermally decomposable solid material 3 can also be provided on the side wall of the cavity 210 in at least one of the base plate 250 and the cover 280 along the length or width direction of the battery pack, and on the side wall of the cavity 210 in the frame 270 along the height direction of the battery pack, as exemplarily. The purpose is to absorb the heat in the cavity 210 through the thermally decomposable solid material 3. This disclosure is not limited to this.

[0060] Considering the need to facilitate the release of gases generated after the thermal decomposition of solid substance 3, in some embodiments, reference is made to... Figure 4 As shown, along the first direction, the thickness of the thermally decomposed solid material 3 can be less than the distance between the first surface 211 and the second surface 212. This arrangement allows for a certain amount of space to be left in the cavity 210 so that the gas generated after the thermal decomposition of the thermally decomposed solid material 3 can be discharged.

[0061] For example, in some embodiments, the thickness 'a' of the thermally decomposable solid material 3 along the height direction of the battery pack can be no more than 3 mm, preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. For example, the thickness 'a' of the thermally decomposable solid material 3 along the height direction of the battery pack can be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, etc. This facilitates the discharge of gas generated after the thermal decomposition of the thermally decomposable solid material 3, and also allows the thermal decomposition of the thermally decomposable solid material 3 to absorb heat in the pressure relief channel 213 during, for example, thermal runaway, thereby achieving the purpose of absorbing heat and cooling the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213) and the battery pack. Furthermore, the overall thickness of the thermally decomposable solid material 3 occupies a small space in the cavity 210, which also facilitates the lightweight design of the entire battery pack.

[0062] In addition, in some embodiments, the cavity 210 may be filled with gas to give the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213) a certain pressure, so as to improve the structural strength of the housing 2 and the impact resistance of the housing 2. Furthermore, the high structural strength of the housing 2 can better constrain the battery cells 1 inside the housing 2, reduce the expansion of the battery cells 1, thereby reducing the capacity decay of the battery cells 1, improving the performance of the battery cells 1, and helping to ensure that the entire battery pack has high reliability and safety.

[0063] For example, after the cavity 210 is filled with gas, the pressure inside the cavity 210 can be, for example, 1 kPa-3 kPa. That is, it can be understood that the gas pressure inside the cavity 210 can be, for example, 1 kPa-3 kPa. Thus, compared with the related technology, such as the cavity 210 having a hollow structure, it is clear that by filling the cavity 210 with gas, the present disclosure can make the cavity 210 have a certain pressure, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the structural strength of the shell 2 and improving the impact resistance of the shell 2, which helps to ensure that the entire battery pack has high reliability and safety.

[0064] It should be noted that the specific embodiment in which the pressure in the cavity 210 is 1Kpa-3Kpa is exemplary, and this disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can adaptively adjust the pressure in the cavity 210 according to actual application needs. The purpose is to improve the structural strength of the shell 2 and the impact resistance of the shell 2 after the cavity 210 is filled with gas.

[0065] In addition, the gas mentioned above may include chemically inert gases such as carbon dioxide, which are non-flammable and do not support combustion, so as to improve the structural strength of the shell 2 and the impact resistance of the shell 2, while also ensuring that, in the event of thermal runaway, the heat in the cavity 210 is absorbed through the thermal decomposition of the solid material 3, thereby achieving the purpose of absorbing heat and cooling the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213) and the battery pack.

[0066] In some implementations, reference Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the pressure relief channel 213 may have a pressure relief port 230, and a pressure relief switch 240 is provided at the pressure relief port 230 to block the pressure relief port 230. The pressure relief switch 240 is configured to open the pressure relief port 230 when the battery cell 1 thermally runs away, so that the pressure relief operation in the pressure relief channel 213 can be realized through the pressure relief port 230, thereby improving the safety of the entire battery pack.

[0067] In order to enable rapid pressure relief within the pressure relief channel 213, in some embodiments, reference is made to... Figure 7 As shown, the number of pressure relief ports 230 can be arranged in multiple intervals to facilitate rapid pressure relief within the pressure relief channel 213 in the event of thermal runaway of, for example, a single battery cell 1, i.e., thermal runaway of the battery pack. This disclosure does not specifically limit the external shape, opening dimensions, number of ports, or spacing between adjacent ports 230; those skilled in the art can design them adaptively according to actual application requirements.

[0068] To reduce the possibility of the pressure relief switch 240 accidentally opening when the battery pack has not experienced thermal runaway, due to the pressure created by filling the pressure relief channel 213 with gas, in some embodiments, the opening pressure of the pressure relief switch 240 can be greater than the pressure inside the cavity 210. For example, the opening pressure of the pressure relief switch 240 can be no less than the sum of a preset pressure and the pressure inside the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213), thereby reducing the possibility of the pressure relief switch 240 accidentally opening when the battery pack has not experienced thermal runaway and improving the overall safety of the battery pack. It should be noted that when the pressure relief switch 240 includes, for example, a reinforcing plate 241, the opening pressure of the pressure relief switch 240 can be understood as the pressure that causes the reinforcing plate 241 to detach from the housing 2. When the pressure relief switch 240 includes a second pressure relief component such as an explosion-proof valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve, the opening pressure of the pressure relief switch 240 can be understood as the opening pressure of the second pressure relief component.

[0069] Exemplarily, in some implementations, reference is made to Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the pressure relief switch 240 may include a reinforcing plate 241. The reinforcing plate 241 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the housing 2 and blocks the pressure relief port 230. For example, the reinforcing plate 241 may be connected to the outer wall of the second plate 252 (described in detail below) away from the receiving groove 260 and block the pressure relief port 230. The structure is simple and easy to install and manufacture.

[0070] It should be noted that, since the reinforcing plate 241 is connected to the outer wall surface of the second plate 252 away from the receiving groove 260, the external force F1 generated during, for example, mechanical impact or bottom ball impact test of the battery pack (refer to...) Figure 9 When the reinforcing plate 241 (as shown) is applied, since the reinforcing plate 241 is sealed at the pressure relief port 230, the risk of the reinforcing plate 241 falling off due to the external force F1 can be effectively reduced, which helps to improve the reliability and safety of the battery pack. Furthermore, in cases such as thermal runaway of the battery pack, an external force F2 is generated inside the battery pack (see reference). Figure 9 When the external force F2 acts on the reinforcing plate 241, and the external force F2 exceeds the connection force between the reinforcing plate 241 and the second plate 252 (the connection force can be, for example, adhesive force or clamping force), it is easy to detach the reinforcing plate 241 and realize the pressure relief operation in the pressure relief channel 213 through the pressure relief port 230. In this way, the arrangement of the reinforcing plate 241 can not only ensure that the battery pack has high structural strength, but also facilitate the pressure relief operation in the case of thermal runaway of the battery pack, which helps to improve the reliability and safety of the battery pack, and is also conducive to the lightweight design of the battery pack.

[0071] For example, in some embodiments, the reinforcing plate 241 can be bonded to the housing 2, which is highly reliable and easy to install and arrange, and also helps to make the battery pack lightweight.

[0072] The connection strength (e.g., adhesive strength) between the reinforcing plate 241 and the housing 2 (second plate 252) can be greater than the pressure in the pressure relief channel 213. For example, the connection strength (e.g., adhesive strength) between the reinforcing plate 241 and the housing 2 (second plate 252) can be no less than the sum of the first preset pressure and the pressure in the pressure relief channel 213. For example, the connection strength (e.g., adhesive strength) between the reinforcing plate 241 and the housing 2 (second plate 252) is no less than 5 kPa, so as to ensure the high connection reliability of the reinforcing plate 241 without affecting the pressure relief operation in the pressure relief channel 213 when the battery pack experiences thermal runaway. This disclosure does not limit the connection strength between the reinforcing plate 241 and the housing 2. Those skilled in the art can design it adaptively according to actual needs. The purpose is to ensure that the reinforcing plate 241 can be stably connected to the housing 2 when the battery pack does not experience thermal runaway, and that after thermal runaway, the reinforcing plate 241 can be separated from the housing 2 under the pressure in the pressure relief channel 213, thereby realizing the pressure relief operation of the pressure relief channel 213.

[0073] It should be noted that the aforementioned first preset pressure may include, for example, the connection strength between the reinforcing plate 241 and the housing 2 (second plate 252) when the pressure relief channel is not filled with gas of a certain pressure in the related art. Alternatively, the first preset pressure may also include, for example, the connection strength between the reinforcing plate 241 and the housing 2 (second plate 252) when the pressure relief channel is not filled with gas of a certain pressure in the related art plus a certain margin (e.g., 1 kPa-5 kPa) to reduce the possibility of the reinforcing plate 241 being accidentally opened when the battery pack does not experience thermal runaway.

[0074] Of course, the specific embodiment in which the reinforcing plate 241 is bonded to the housing 2 is exemplary. In some alternative embodiments not shown, the reinforcing plate 241 can also be snapped to the housing 2 by, for example, a snap-fit ​​structure. In this way, after thermal runaway, when the pressure in the pressure relief channel 213 exceeds the snap-fit ​​force between the reinforcing plate 241 and the housing 2, the reinforcing plate 241 can be pushed open to achieve the purpose of pressure relief. This disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can adaptively design specific structural forms for the separable connection between the reinforcing plate 241 and the housing 2 according to actual application needs.

[0075] In addition, the aforementioned pressure relief switch 240 may also include a second pressure relief component, which may include, for example, an explosion-proof valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve. This disclosure does not impose specific limitations on this component, and those skilled in the art can adapt it according to actual application requirements. The purpose is to enable pressure relief within the pressure relief channel 213 through the second pressure relief component after thermal runaway of the battery pack. This disclosure does not impose specific limitations on this component. It should be noted that the aforementioned pressure relief switch 240 may also include both a second pressure relief component and a reinforcing plate 241. That is, it can be understood that a reinforcing plate 241 or a second pressure relief component can be correspondingly provided at the corresponding pressure relief port 230 to achieve pressure relief operation of the battery pack.

[0076] In order to reduce the possibility that the second pressure relief component may be accidentally opened when the battery pack has not experienced thermal runaway due to the filling of the pressure relief channel 213 with gas at a certain pressure, in some embodiments, the opening pressure of the second pressure relief component may be no less than the sum of the second preset pressure and the pressure in the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213), so as to reduce the possibility that the second pressure relief component may be accidentally opened when the battery pack has not experienced thermal runaway and improve the safety of the entire battery pack.

[0077] It should be noted that the aforementioned second preset pressure may include, for example, the original opening pressure of an explosion-proof valve when the pressure relief channel is not filled with gas at a certain pressure, as described in related technologies. Thus, this disclosure increases the opening pressure of the second pressure relief component by setting it to be no less than the sum of the second preset pressure and the pressure in the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213), thereby reducing the possibility of the second pressure relief component being accidentally opened when the battery pack has not experienced thermal runaway.

[0078] Alternatively, the aforementioned second preset pressure may also include, for example, the original opening pressure of an explosion-proof valve when the pressure relief channel is not filled with gas at a certain pressure, plus a certain margin (e.g., 1 kPa-5 kPa). This can also achieve the purpose of increasing the opening pressure of the second pressure relief component, thereby reducing the possibility of the second pressure relief component being opened erroneously when the battery pack does not experience thermal runaway.

[0079] For example, in some embodiments, the opening pressure of the second pressure relief element can be, for example, 5 kPa-12 kPa. This disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0080] Exemplarily, in some implementations, reference is made to Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the housing 2 may include a base plate 250, and a pressure relief channel 213 is disposed in the base plate 250. In this way, by providing a thermally decomposable solid substance 3 in the pressure relief channel 213 in the base plate 250, the purpose of absorbing heat and cooling the cavity 210 and the battery pack can be achieved, reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire and helping to improve the overall safety of the battery pack.

[0081] Additionally, in some implementations, references Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the base plate 250 may include components along the height direction of the battery pack (see reference). Figure 4 In the diagram above (or, referring to the connection direction between the battery cell 1 and the base plate 250 of the battery pack), a first plate 251 and a second plate 252 are arranged opposite each other. A pressure relief channel 213 is formed between the first plate 251 and the second plate 252. A connecting port 220 is provided on the first plate 251, and a pressure relief port 230 is provided on the second plate 252. The surface of the first plate 251 facing away from the inner wall of the battery cell 1 forms a first surface 211, and the surface of the second plate 252 facing the inner wall of the battery cell 1 forms a second surface 211. By placing the aforementioned thermally decomposable solid material 3 on the large surface of the base plate 250 (first surface 211 and second surface 212), the heat in the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213) can be quickly absorbed through the thermal decomposition of the thermally decomposable solid material 3 in the event of thermal runaway, thereby achieving rapid cooling of the cavity 210 (pressure relief channel 213) and the battery pack, reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire, and helping to improve the overall safety of the battery pack.

[0082] In order to ensure a high degree of airtightness within the pressure relief channel 213, in some embodiments, the airtightness of the pressure relief channel 213 is not less than 5 kPa, so as to ensure a high sealing effect, reduce the risk of leakage, and improve the overall reliability and safety of the battery pack.

[0083] This disclosure does not impose specific limitations on this, and those skilled in the art can adapt it according to actual needs. For example, the airtightness of the pressure relief channel 213 can be constructed to be greater than the opening pressure of the second pressure relief component and / or the connection strength between the reinforcing plate 241 and the housing 2 (second plate 252), so that the pressure relief operation in the pressure relief channel 213 can be realized through the pressure relief switch 240 at the pressure relief port 230 after thermal runaway.

[0084] For example, to ensure the airtightness of the pressure relief channel 213, the first plate 251 and the second plate 252 forming the pressure relief channel 213 can be bonded together using, for example, sealant 6, to ensure a high degree of airtightness within the pressure relief channel 213 and avoid the risk of leakage. Furthermore, the spacing of the fastening bolts (not shown in the figure) connecting the first plate 251 and the second plate 252 can be adjusted to ensure a tight connection between the first plate 251 and the second plate 252, which helps to improve the airtightness of the pressure relief channel 213. For example, the spacing between two adjacent fastening bolts can be, for example, 80mm-120mm to ensure a tight connection between the first plate 251 and the second plate 252. This disclosure is not limited to this; those skilled in the art can adapt the spacing between two adjacent fastening bolts according to actual application requirements.

[0085] In addition, in some embodiments, the first plate 251 may include a support plate structure with a communication port 220. The support plate structure is used to support the battery cell 1 to provide support.

[0086] Alternatively, the first plate 251 may also include a liquid cooling plate structure with a communication port 220. The liquid cooling plate structure is used to cool the battery cell 1 and can also play a role in cooling down the battery pack in the event of thermal runaway.

[0087] Furthermore, in some implementations, references Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the base plate 250 may also be provided with an injection port 253 communicating with the pressure relief channel 213, for filling the pressure relief channel 213 with gas through the injection port 253. Furthermore, a one-way valve (not shown) or a sealing component (not shown) may be provided at the injection port 253 to avoid the risk of leakage.

[0088] Considering that in order to ensure that the battery cell 1 can be stably connected to the base plate 250 of the housing 2, in some embodiments, reference is made to... Figure 4 As shown, multiple battery cells 1 can be bonded to the top wall of the base plate 250 using adhesive 4, resulting in high reliability. The adhesive 4 can be a structural adhesive or a thermally conductive adhesive, etc., to ensure stable connection of the battery cells 1 to the base plate 250. Furthermore, when the adhesive 4 is, for example, a thermally conductive adhesive, it facilitates heat exchange between the first plate 251, which is constructed as, for example, a liquid-cooled plate structure, and the battery cells 1.

[0089] Additionally, in some implementations, references Figures 2 to 6As shown, a baffle structure 5 can be provided between the top wall of the base plate 250 and the battery cell 1. The baffle structure 5 forms a receiving channel 510 for accommodating the first pressure relief component 110 and connected to the connecting port 220. The baffle structure 5 is used to block the first pressure relief component 110 and the adhesive 4. In this way, the baffle structure 5 can prevent the adhesive 4 from leaking into the pressure relief channel 213, which helps to improve the reliability of the battery pack.

[0090] In this disclosure, the specific structure of the adhesive barrier structure 5 is not specifically limited. For example, it can be constructed as adhesive barrier foam or adhesive barrier rubber block. For example, it can be a semi-rigid adhesive barrier foam or a semi-rigid adhesive barrier rubber block. This disclosure is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art can design it adaptively according to actual needs. The purpose is to achieve the purpose of blocking between the first pressure relief member 110 and the adhesive 4 through the adhesive barrier structure 5, so as to prevent the adhesive 4 from leaking into the pressure relief channel 213.

[0091] Furthermore, each receiving channel 510 can accommodate at least one first pressure relief element 110, exemplarily, such as Figure 5 As shown, multiple adhesive-blocking structures 5 can be arranged at intervals along the length of the battery pack. Each adhesive-blocking structure 5 forms a receiving channel 510, and the receiving channel 510 can accommodate multiple connecting ports 220 arranged at intervals along the width of the battery pack, so that multiple first pressure relief components 110 connected to the corresponding connecting ports 220 can be simultaneously accommodated through each row of receiving channels 510. Of course, each row of receiving channels 510 can also be divided into multiple sub-channels (not shown) along the width of the battery pack. In this way, each sub-channel can be individually connected to the corresponding connecting port 220 and accommodate the first pressure relief component 110 on the corresponding battery cell 1. This disclosure is not limited to this.

[0092] In some implementations, reference Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the housing 2 may also include a frame 270 disposed on the base plate 250. The base plate 250 and the frame 270 form a receiving groove 260 for accommodating multiple battery cells 1. Of course, it should be noted that in some embodiments not shown, the frame 270 of the housing 2 may also be provided with the aforementioned pressure relief channel 213. By providing thermally decomposable solid material 3 in the pressure relief channel 213, the purpose of absorbing heat and cooling the cavity 210 and the battery pack can be achieved, reducing the possibility of safety problems such as battery pack fire and helping to improve the overall safety of the battery pack.

[0093] Additionally, in some implementations, references Figures 1 to 3As shown, the housing 2 may also include a cover 280 that closes the receiving groove 260, and the cover 280 is connected to the frame 270 by a potting compound structure 7 formed by potting compound filled into the receiving groove 260. In this way, by filling the receiving groove 260 of the battery pack with potting compound, it helps the various components in the battery pack to be better connected into a whole, effectively improving the overall structural strength of the battery pack and facilitating the overall structural design of the pack, which helps to improve the insulation performance of the pack and the consistency of thermal management and thermal safety.

[0094] It should be noted that the aforementioned battery cell 1 can be constructed, for example, in the form of a battery cell, which is the smallest discharge power source in the battery device and includes positive and negative electrode separators and a battery cell casing, etc.

[0095] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, an electrical appliance is provided that includes the battery pack provided in the first aspect. This electrical appliance possesses all the beneficial effects of the battery pack provided in the first aspect, which will not be elaborated further herein.

[0096] In some exemplary application scenarios, the aforementioned electrical equipment can be a vehicle, wherein the vehicle can be a new energy vehicle, which can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a range-extended electric vehicle, etc., and this disclosure does not make any specific limitations in this regard.

[0097] Of course, in other application scenarios, the above-mentioned electrical equipment can also be used for vehicles that need to be powered by battery packs, such as in the field of energy storage, aerospace or water transportation.

[0098] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0099] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0100] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery cells; and The housing contains a plurality of battery cells disposed within it, and the housing is provided with a thermally decomposable solid material, the thermally decomposable solid material being configured to absorb heat and decompose.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal decomposition products of the thermally decomposed solid material include gas and / or water.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermally decomposable solids include at least one of calcium carbonate, hydrated salts, hydrated basic salts, hydrated sulfates, calcium sulfate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and zinc carbonate.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermally decomposed solid material is positioned along the emission path of the emissions during thermal runaway of the battery cell.

5. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The shell has a cavity inside its wall, and the thermally decomposed solid substance is disposed inside the cavity.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thermally decomposed solid material is applied to the inner wall of the cavity in the form of a coating.

7. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a connecting membrane disposed on the inner wall of the cavity, and the thermally decomposable solid material is disposed on the connecting membrane.

8. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cavity has a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, and the thermally decomposable solid substance is disposed on at least one of the first surface and the second surface.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the thickness of the thermally decomposed solid material is less than the distance between the first surface and the second surface.

10. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thermally decomposable solid material is configured to undergo thermal decomposition at a temperature greater than or equal to 200°C within the cavity.

11. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cavity is filled with gas.

12. The battery pack according to claim 11, characterized in that, The pressure inside the cavity is 1 kPa-3 kPa.

13. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cavity includes a pressure relief channel, and the housing is provided with a first pressure relief component that connects the battery cell and the pressure relief channel.

14. The battery pack according to claim 13, characterized in that, The inner wall surface of the connecting port is provided with the thermally decomposed solid substance; and / or, The pressure relief channel is provided with the thermally decomposed solid material on the wall facing the communication port; and / or, The thermally decomposed solid material is disposed on at least a portion of the inner wall surface of the pressure relief channel.

15. The battery pack according to claim 13, characterized in that, The pressure relief channel has a pressure relief port, and a pressure relief switch is provided at the pressure relief port to block the pressure relief port. The pressure relief switch is configured to open the pressure relief port when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway.

16. The battery pack according to claim 15, characterized in that, The pressure relief switch opens at a pressure greater than the pressure inside the cavity.

17. The battery pack according to claim 15, characterized in that, The pressure relief switch includes a reinforcing plate, which is detachably connected to the outer wall of the housing and blocks the pressure relief port.

18. The battery pack according to claim 17, characterized in that, The reinforcing plate is bonded to the shell.

19. The battery pack according to claim 17, characterized in that, The connection strength between the reinforcing plate and the shell is greater than the pressure in the pressure relief channel.

20. The battery pack according to claim 15, characterized in that, The housing includes a base plate, and the pressure relief channel is disposed within the base plate.

21. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack described in any one of claims 1-20.

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