An energy storage cabinet

Abstract

The application provides an energy storage cabinet, comprising a cabinet body and a liquid cooling unit arranged in the cabinet body, the liquid cooling unit comprising a casing and a heat exchanger arranged in the casing, the casing having a main air inlet surface with a plurality of air inlet holes; the heat exchanger having a ventilation surface facing the main air inlet surface; the cross-sectional area M of the main air inlet surface satisfies: M >= S1 / K; S1 represents the minimum value of the total air inlet area of the plurality of air inlet holes; K represents the open area ratio, which is a preset value; S1 = V / u; V represents the total circulating air volume required by the liquid cooling unit; and u represents the average air duct speed in the liquid cooling unit. By designing the cross-sectional area of the main air inlet surface of the casing of the liquid cooling unit, the airflow noise generated by the liquid cooling unit during operation in the heat dissipation working condition of the energy storage cabinet and the rotating noise of the heat dissipation fan are reduced from the source, so as to solve the problems of increased fan power consumption, production cost and assembly difficulty caused by the additional addition of a silencing device in the related art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage cabinet technology, and more specifically, to an energy storage cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] An energy storage cabinet is a containerized or cabinet-type energy storage system that highly integrates a high-voltage box, converter, battery modules, and liquid cooling unit within a single container or cabinet to store, manage, and release electrical energy. However, the noise generated during operation has become a key factor hindering its development. Especially under cooling conditions, the liquid cooling unit, as the refrigeration equipment, needs to operate continuously to ensure the energy storage cabinet's heat dissipation efficiency. During operation, the airflow noise generated by the internal liquid cooling circulation and heat exchange, along with the rotational noise of the cooling fans, become the main sources of noise during the energy storage cabinet's operation.

[0003] In related technologies, noise reduction is usually achieved by adding additional silencing devices, such as airflow guide components, in the ventilation direction of the energy storage cabinet after its design and manufacturing are completed. However, the drawbacks are that the additional silencing devices not only increase the power consumption and production cost of the fan, but also increase the assembly difficulty and adversely affect the appearance, transportation, and ease of maintenance of the energy storage cabinet. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing an energy storage cabinet. By limiting the cross-sectional area of ​​the main air intake surface of the liquid-cooled unit casing in the energy storage cabinet, the liquid-cooled unit can reduce the airflow noise and the rotation noise of the cooling fan generated when the liquid-cooled unit is running under the heat dissipation conditions of the energy storage cabinet, while meeting the heat dissipation requirements. This solves the problems of increased fan power consumption, production cost and assembly difficulty caused by the additional addition of silencers in related technologies.

[0005] This invention provides an energy storage cabinet, including a cabinet body and a liquid-cooled unit disposed within the cabinet body. The liquid-cooled unit includes a casing and a heat exchanger disposed within the casing. The invention is characterized in that...

[0006] The casing has a main air intake surface, and the main air intake surface has multiple air intake holes;

[0007] The heat exchanger has a ventilation surface facing the main air inlet surface;

[0008] The cross-sectional area M of the main air inlet surface satisfies: M≥S1 / K; S1 represents the minimum total air inlet area of ​​the plurality of air inlets; K represents the opening ratio, which is a preset value; S1=V / u; V represents the total circulating air volume required by the liquid cooling unit; u represents the average wind speed in the air duct of the liquid cooling unit.

[0009] In some embodiments, the total area of ​​the ventilation surface of the heat exchanger is S2, where S1 is less than or equal to S2, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the main air inlet surface is M = S1 / K.

[0010] In some embodiments, the total area of ​​the ventilation surface of the heat exchanger is S2, where S1 is less than or equal to S2, and S2 = m × S 20 The S 20 The initial total area of ​​the ventilation surface is determined based on S1 / K and the maximum permissible height of the liquid cooling unit, and S... 20 The value is less than S1; m represents the adjustment coefficient, and m is greater than 1.

[0011] In some embodiments, the value of m ranges from (1 to 1.25).

[0012] In some embodiments, the value of K ranges from 0.4 to 0.7.

[0013] In some embodiments, the average wind speed u in the duct ranges from 1 m / s to 6 m / s; the total circulating air volume V is the ratio of the total heat P to be dissipated by the liquid-cooled unit to the air heat capacity parameter λ, and the air heat capacity parameter λ ranges from 3 to 8; the total heat P to be dissipated by the liquid-cooled unit is the cooling capacity required by the energy storage cabinet. and the heat generated by the liquid chiller itself during operation The sum of.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cabinet is further provided with a high-voltage box, a converter and a battery module, and the high-voltage box, the converter and the battery module and the liquid cooling unit are stacked along the height direction of the cabinet;

[0015] The width of the cabinet is the greater of the following two: the installation width required to install the high-voltage box, converter and battery module, and the width occupied by the casing of the liquid cooling unit in the cabinet.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cabinet is further provided with a high-voltage box, a converter and a battery module, the battery module, the high-voltage box and the converter are arranged along the width direction of the cabinet, and the liquid cooling unit and the high-voltage box are arranged along the height direction of the cabinet;

[0017] The width of the cabinet is the sum of the installation width for mounting the battery module and the preset width;

[0018] The preset width is the larger of the following two: the installation width required to install the high-voltage box and the converter, and the width occupied by the casing of the liquid-cooled unit in the cabinet.

[0019] In some embodiments, the cabinet is further provided with a high-voltage box, a converter, and a battery module. The high-voltage box, the converter, and the battery module are stacked along the height direction of the cabinet, and the liquid cooling unit and the battery module are arranged along the width direction of the cabinet.

[0020] The width of the cabinet is the sum of the preset width and the width occupied by the casing of the liquid cooling unit in the cabinet;

[0021] The preset width is the installation width required for installing the high-voltage box, the inverter, and the battery module.

[0022] In some embodiments, the housing further has an air outlet surface, which is disposed opposite to the main air inlet surface;

[0023] The plurality of heat exchangers are located between the main air inlet surface and the air outlet surface;

[0024] The casing also contains multiple cooling fans, which are located between the heat exchanger and the air outlet.

[0025] In some embodiments, the housing further has an auxiliary air intake surface located on a surface adjacent to the main air intake surface.

[0026] In some embodiments, the air outlet surface includes a first air outlet surface, a second air outlet surface, and a third air outlet surface connected in sequence; the angle between the first air outlet surface and the second air outlet surface, and between the second air outlet surface and the third air outlet surface, is an obtuse angle.

[0027] In some embodiments, the air outlet surface includes a first air outlet surface and a third air outlet surface, the housing has a first surface opposite to the main air inlet surface, the first air outlet surface and the third air outlet surface are disposed on opposite sides of the first surface, and the included angles between the first air outlet surface and the first surface, and between the third air outlet surface and the first surface, are obtuse angles.

[0028] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] This invention provides an energy storage cabinet, including a cabinet body and a liquid-cooled unit disposed within the cabinet body. The liquid-cooled unit includes a casing and a heat exchanger disposed within the casing. The casing has a main air inlet surface with multiple air inlet holes. The heat exchanger has a ventilation surface facing the main air inlet surface. The cross-sectional area M of the main air inlet surface satisfies: M≥S1 / K; S1 represents the minimum total air inlet area of ​​the multiple air inlet holes; K represents the opening ratio, which is a preset value; S1=V / u; V represents the total circulating air volume required by the liquid-cooled unit; u represents the average wind speed in the air duct within the liquid-cooled unit. The energy storage cabinet in the above technical solution, by limiting the cross-sectional area of ​​the main air inlet surface of the liquid-cooled unit casing, reduces the airflow noise and cooling fan rotation noise generated by the liquid-cooled unit during operation under the heat dissipation conditions of the energy storage cabinet, while meeting the heat dissipation requirements. This solves the problems of increased fan power consumption, production costs, and assembly difficulty caused by the additional addition of silencers in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the liquid cooling unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid-cooled unit casing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A diagram showing a first arrangement of heat exchanger fins within the housing, as provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 A diagram showing a second arrangement of heat exchanger fins within the housing, as provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the first structure of the air outlet surface of the liquid-cooled unit provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a second structure for the air outlet surface of the liquid-cooled unit provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a third structure for the air outlet surface of the liquid-cooled unit provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a first installation position diagram of the components in the energy storage cabinet provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a second installation position diagram of the components in the energy storage cabinet provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a third installation position diagram of the components in the energy storage cabinet provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0041] It should be noted that although functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart. In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "setting," and "arrangement," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] Before describing the energy storage cabinet provided by this invention, it is necessary to introduce the cooling working principle of the liquid-cooled unit under the heat dissipation conditions of the energy storage cabinet. The working principle of the liquid-cooled unit during cooling is a cyclic heat dissipation process: the low-temperature coolant, driven by the circulation pump in the liquid-cooled unit, flows through the liquid-cooled plates of the heat-generating elements (such as battery modules) in the energy storage cabinet, directly absorbing the large amount of heat generated during their operation, and the temperature of the coolant itself rises. The heat is eventually transferred to the heat exchanger in the liquid-cooled unit, such as the condenser or dry cooler, through internal circulation. This heat exchanger is equipped with fins or ribs to increase the heat exchange area. At the same time, the cooling fan in the liquid-cooled unit forcibly draws in external air at high speed and blows it over the fin surface, rapidly dissipating the heat into the surrounding air through forced convection, completing the "liquid-gas" heat exchange. After releasing heat and cooling down, the coolant flows back to the liquid-cooled plates of the heat-generating elements to start the next cycle, continuously cooling the heat-generating elements. During this process, the airflow noise generated by the liquid cooling circulation and heat exchange inside the liquid chiller unit, as well as the rotation noise of the cooling fan, are the main sources of noise for the energy storage cabinet.

[0043] Therefore, based on the above-mentioned refrigeration working principle and the problems existing in related technologies, the present invention provides an energy storage cabinet. By limiting the cross-sectional area of ​​the main air intake surface of the liquid-cooled unit casing in the energy storage cabinet, the liquid-cooled unit can reduce the airflow noise and the rotation noise of the cooling fan generated when the liquid-cooled unit is running under the heat dissipation conditions of the energy storage cabinet, while meeting the heat dissipation requirements.

[0044] An embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage cabinet, including a cabinet body and a liquid-cooled unit disposed within the cabinet body, such as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the liquid-cooled unit includes a casing 1, a heat exchanger 2 disposed within the casing 1, and multiple cooling fans 3. The casing 1 has a main air inlet surface 11 and an air outlet surface 12, which are arranged opposite to each other. The main air inlet surface 11 has multiple air inlets, and the air outlet surface 12 has multiple air outlets. The heat exchanger 2 is located between the main air inlet surface 11 and the air outlet surface 12, and the heat exchanger 2 has a ventilation surface 21 (i.e., a heat dissipation surface) facing the main air inlet surface 11. The multiple cooling fans 3 are located between the heat exchanger 2 and the air outlet surface 12. The airflow enters through the main air inlet surface 11, is cooled by the heat exchanger 2, and is then driven by the cooling fans 3 to be discharged through the air outlet surface 12.

[0045] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional area M of the main air intake surface 11 satisfies: M≥S1 / K; S1 represents the minimum total air intake area of ​​the multiple air intake holes on the main air intake surface 11; K represents the opening ratio, which is a preset value; for example, the value range of K is 0.4 to 0.7.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the air inlet hole provided on the main air inlet surface 11 is called the main air inlet hole, and the total area of ​​the main air inlet hole opening that the airflow can actually pass through, is effective and not blocked, is taken as the total air inlet area of ​​the main air inlet hole on the main air inlet surface 11.

[0047] When the main air intake surface 11 is a plane, the aperture ratio K refers to the ratio of the total area of ​​all main air intake holes on the plane to the total area of ​​the entire plane, and the cross-sectional area M is the area of ​​the plane. In this case, M = S1 / K. When the main air intake surface 11 is not a plane, such as an arc surface, inclined surface, or other curved surface, the aperture ratio K refers to the ratio of the total area of ​​all main air intake holes on the surface to the actual total surface area of ​​the surface. The actual total surface area refers to the unfolded area of ​​the main air intake surface 11, and the cross-sectional area M refers to the projected area of ​​the main air intake surface 11 on the reference surface, which is a plane perpendicular to the direction from the main air intake surface 11 to the air outlet surface 12.

[0048] It should be noted that when the main air intake surface 11 is not planar, the actual total surface area of ​​the surface is used to determine the opening ratio K, rather than the projected area. The reason is that the actual total surface area is larger than its projected area on the reference surface. If the projected area is used to determine the opening ratio K, the opening ratio K value will be too high, resulting in a smaller cross-sectional area M, which in turn affects the actual heat dissipation capacity of the liquid cooling unit and makes it unable to meet the heat dissipation requirements.

[0049] In this embodiment, the value range of the opening ratio K is set to 0.4 to 0.7, which allows the cross-sectional area M of the main air intake surface 11 to meet the heat dissipation requirements while also taking into account other requirements, such as the structural strength of the casing 1 and the air intake speed.

[0050] In this embodiment, by limiting the cross-sectional area M of the main air intake surface 11 to satisfy M≥S1 / K, sufficient airflow can be ensured to enter the casing 1 for heat dissipation, avoiding a decrease in the cooling efficiency of the condenser unit due to insufficient air intake. At the same time, a sufficient cross-sectional area M can also reduce the airflow velocity entering the casing 1, allowing the cooling fan 3 to operate at a lower speed, thereby effectively reducing the airflow noise and rotation noise generated by its rotation.

[0051] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the minimum value S1 of the total air intake area of ​​the plurality of air intake holes on the main air intake surface 11 is determined based on the total circulating air volume V required by the liquid cooling unit and the average wind speed in the air duct inside the casing 1, i.e., S1=V / u. The range of the average wind speed u in the air duct is 1m / s to 6m / s, preferably 1.5m / s to 4m / s.

[0052] In this embodiment, the average airflow velocity *u* in the duct refers to the average velocity of the airflow within the housing 1 after it enters the housing. The housing 1 can be understood as a single airflow duct. When the liquid-cooled unit is operating, if the average airflow velocity *u* is within the range of 1 m / s to 6 m / s, preferably within the range of 1.5 m / s to 4 m / s, the airflow noise and the rotational noise of the cooling fan 3 generated within the housing 1 are relatively low, resulting in a lower overall noise level for the energy storage cabinet. This is because the main noise source for the energy storage cabinet under cooling conditions originates from the liquid-cooled unit, which in turn originates from the airflow noise generated by the liquid cooling circulation and heat exchange within the housing 1, as well as the rotational noise of the cooling fan 3. When the cooling fan 3 operates, maintaining the average airflow velocity *u* within the range of 1 m / s to 6 m / s, preferably within the range of 1.5 m / s to 4 m / s, minimizes both airflow noise and the rotational noise of the cooling fan 3.

[0053] Furthermore, by determining the minimum total air intake area S1 on the main air intake surface 11 based on the total circulating air volume V and the average air velocity u in the duct, it is possible to avoid excessively high rotational speed of the cooling fan 3, significantly increased rotational noise, and increased airflow noise due to an improperly set minimum total air intake area S1, thus failing to achieve a balance between heat dissipation requirements and the rotational speed of the cooling fan 3. Specifically, when the minimum total air intake area S1 is too small, to meet the total circulating air volume V, according to S1=V / u, the average air velocity u in the duct will increase accordingly, requiring the cooling fan 3 to increase its rotational speed. An increase in the average air velocity u in the duct will significantly exacerbate airflow noise, and the increased rotational speed of the cooling fan 3 will lead to a significant increase in the rotational noise of the cooling fan 3. Conversely, when the minimum total air intake area S1 is too large, to meet the total circulating air volume V, according to S1=V / u, the average air velocity u in the duct will decrease accordingly, allowing the cooling fan 3 to maintain a lower rotational speed, thus reducing its rotational noise. However, a decrease in the average wind speed u in the duct will lead to insufficient airflow power, making it easy for air to separate and generate turbulent vortices within the casing 1 (duct), which will significantly increase airflow noise.

[0054] In this embodiment, the total circulating air volume V is the ratio of the total heat P that the liquid chiller needs to dissipate to the air heat capacity parameter λ, i.e., V = P / λ; the total heat P that the liquid chiller needs to dissipate is the cooling capacity required by the energy storage cabinet. The heat generated by the liquid chiller itself during operation The sum of.

[0055] Determining the total circulating air volume V based on the total heat P that the liquid-cooled unit needs to dissipate ensures that the heat dissipation capacity of the energy storage cabinet (i.e., the total circulating air volume V) matches the total heat P, avoiding insufficient heat dissipation (heat dissipation capacity less than the total heat P) or excessive heat dissipation (heat dissipation capacity much greater than the total heat P). The air heat capacity parameter λ ranges from 3 to 8, with λ=5 being preferred. If λ is too small, the total circulating air volume V will be too large, leading to an increase in the power of the cooling fan and the size of the air duct selected for the liquid-cooled unit, resulting in increased costs and energy consumption. If λ is too large, the calculated total circulating air volume V will be too small, causing the heat in the energy storage cabinet to not be dissipated in time, resulting in an increase in the temperature of the energy storage cabinet, which in turn leads to performance degradation, shortened lifespan, and even the risk of thermal runaway.

[0056] The liquid chiller generates its own heat during operation. The required cooling capacity for the energy storage cabinet can be provided by the manufacturer or estimated based on relevant electrical parameters. For example, it can be estimated as 10% to 20% of the input power of the liquid chiller unit. Cooling capacity refers to the amount of heat that the energy storage cabinet needs to dissipate during operation to maintain the various components inside the cabinet (such as the high-voltage box, inverter, and battery modules) within a safe temperature range. The required cooling capacity of the energy storage cabinet can be determined based on the cabinet's capacity, the capacity and heat generation of individual batteries in the battery modules (provided by the battery manufacturer), and the heat generation of other components in the cabinet (e.g., the heat generation of the high-voltage box and inverter can be provided by the manufacturer, obtained through testing, or estimated based on relevant electrical parameters. For example, the heat generation of the high-voltage box can be roughly estimated as 0.5% to 2% of its input power, or estimated using its operating current and loop resistance. The heat generation of the inverter can be estimated based on its input power and efficiency at the current operating point). For example, if the total heat generation of the battery module, determined based on the capacity and heat generation of individual batteries, is P1, and the total heat generation of other components is P2, then the required cooling capacity of the energy storage cabinet is... It should be noted that the required cooling capacity of the energy storage cabinet... Other methods can also be used to obtain the energy, and this invention does not impose specific limitations on them. Furthermore, the specific types, models, and selections of other components in the energy storage cabinet do not affect the structure of the energy storage cabinet in this invention, nor are they within the scope of this invention.

[0057] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the total area of ​​the ventilation surface 21 of the heat exchanger 2 is S2, S1 is less than or equal to S2, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the main air inlet surface 11 is M=S1 / K.

[0058] In this embodiment, the initial total area of ​​the ventilation surface 21 of the heat exchanger 2 is S. 20 S 20 Based on S1 / K and the maximum allowable height of the liquid-cooled unit casing 1, if S1 is less than or equal to S... 20 Then set the value of S2 to S. 20 The cross-sectional area of ​​the main air inlet surface 11 is M = S1 / K. This configuration ensures that sufficient airflow flows smoothly through the ventilation surface 21 of the heat exchanger 2, creating low flow resistance operating conditions for the liquid cooling unit. This allows the cooling fan 3 to meet the heat dissipation requirements at a lower speed, ultimately achieving a dual reduction in airflow noise and fan rotation noise.

[0059] In some other specific embodiments of the present invention, the total area of ​​the ventilation surface 21 of the heat exchanger 2 is S2, where S1 is less than or equal to S2, and S2 = m × S 20 S 20 The initial total area of ​​the ventilation surface 21 is determined based on S1 / K and the maximum permissible height of the liquid-cooled unit casing 1, and S 20 Less than S1; m represents the adjustment coefficient, and m is greater than 1. The value range of m is (1, 1.25).

[0060] In this embodiment, if S1 is greater than S20 This indicates that the airflow passes from the main air inlet 11 to the heat exchanger 2. The air velocity (airflow speed) at the heat exchanger 2 is greater than that at the main air inlet 11. This higher velocity increases air resistance, making it easier to generate eddies and increasing airflow noise. High air resistance also reduces ventilation volume. To meet heat dissipation requirements, the rotational speed of the cooling fan 3 ultimately increases. Since the speed adjustment of the cooling fan 3 is generally a non-continuous gradient adjustment—specifically, due to factors such as circuit control—the interval between each speed adjustment of the cooling fan 3 is generally 5% to 15%, it is impossible to compensate for the reduced ventilation volume through fine adjustment of the cooling fan 3's speed. Therefore, for each increase in the speed of the cooling fan 3, the rotational noise of the cooling fan 3 increases significantly.

[0061] At this point, it is necessary to increase the initial total area S of the ventilation surface 21 of heat exchanger 2. 20 For example, increasing the number of heat exchanger tube rows requires increasing the overall size of the casing 1 to obtain a larger heat exchange area and ventilation area. Due to limitations of different production processes, the increase in size for each additional tube row must conform to a fixed proportion or value, and cannot be arbitrary. Therefore, the overall size of the casing 1 cannot be quantitatively increased. When the overall size of the casing 1 increases, the total air intake area will also change. Therefore, to ensure better noise reduction and heat dissipation, the adjusted total air intake area must be less than or equal to the adjusted total area of ​​the ventilation surface 21, and both the adjusted total air intake area and the adjusted total area of ​​the ventilation surface 21 must be greater than S1. The adjusted total area of ​​the ventilation surface 21 is S2, S2≥S1, S2=m×S 20 The value range of m is (1, 1.25).

[0062] With m within the range of (1, 1.25], it can be ensured that heat exchanger 2 has sufficient ventilation area to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the liquid cooling unit, avoiding a decrease in heat dissipation performance due to insufficient ventilation area; while ensuring heat dissipation performance, the size of heat exchanger 2 is limited to a reasonable range to avoid redundancy. Furthermore, due to S 20 Based on the determination of S1 / K and the maximum allowable height of the liquid-cooled unit casing 1, and with m within the range of (1, 1.25], it can also be guaranteed that S2 satisfies S1≤S2 under the constraint of the height of casing 1.

[0063] It should be noted that, as a heat dissipation element in the liquid-cooled unit, the total area S2 of the ventilation surface 21 of the heat exchanger 2 is, for example... Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, this refers to the effective net cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow perpendicularly passing through the fins 22 of the heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange. The total area of ​​the ventilation surface 21 mainly depends on the width, height, fin spacing (FPI), and tube bank layout of the heat exchanger 2. For a selected heat exchanger model, the total area of ​​the ventilation surface 21 is a fixed value. The heat exchanger 2 is installed inside the casing 1; therefore, the initial total area S of its ventilation surface 21 is... 20 The determination of the size must satisfy the spatial constraints of the casing 1. Specifically, under the constraints of the cross-sectional area M=S1 / K of the main air inlet surface 11 of the casing 1 and the maximum allowable height H of the casing 1, the maximum installable external dimensions of the heat exchanger 2 are determined, and it is selected from the finished products provided by the manufacturer, thereby determining the initial total area S of its ventilation surface 21. 20 .

[0064] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the fins 22 of the heat exchanger 2 are arranged in sequence, and there is an angle between adjacent fins 22.

[0065] In this embodiment, by arranging the fins 22 of the heat exchanger 2 in a V-shape at a certain angle, a heat exchanger 2 with a larger total effective heat dissipation area can be accommodated within the same projected area and height constraints. A larger effective heat dissipation area means more thorough heat exchange between the air and the heat exchanger 2. To remove the same amount of heat, the required airflow can be reduced, allowing the cooling fan 3 to operate at a lower speed, thus reducing rotational and airflow noise. After entering from the main air inlet 11, the external airflow is guided by the angled slope and can be more evenly distributed through the fins of the heat exchanger 2, reducing dead airflow angles. Compared to direct impact, this reduces airflow resistance, allowing the cooling fan 3 to operate with low wind resistance, further reducing rotational and airflow noise. By placing multiple cooling fans 3 inside the casing 1 and between the heat exchanger 2 and the outlet 12, a more uniform and stable negative pressure airflow field can be formed throughout the entire heat exchanger 2 area, ensuring that the entire heat exchanger 2 is effectively utilized, avoiding localized overheating, and improving overall heat dissipation efficiency.

[0066] It should be noted that, Figure 3 , Figure 4 The arrangement of the fins 22 in the heat exchanger 2 shown is only illustrative. In actual applications, the arrangement of the fins can be adjusted according to the actual situation, which will not be elaborated here.

[0067] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the distance between the heat exchanger 2 and the cooling fan 3 ranges from 40mm to 110mm, preferably 70mm. That is, the minimum distance between the heat exchanger 2 and the cooling fan 3 is set to 70mm to reduce wind resistance and improve ventilation efficiency. The distance between the cooling fan 3 and the air outlet surface 12 ranges from 30mm to 100mm. The areas of both the main air inlet surface 11 and the air outlet surface 12 are greater than or equal to 0.1m². 2 The preferred size is 0.12m. 2 This limits the airflow speed to a better range, thereby reducing airflow noise inside the casing 1 while ensuring heat dissipation.

[0068] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the main air inlet surface 11 and the air outlet surface 12 can both have various different shapes, such as circular, elliptical, rectangular, etc. The shapes of the main air inlet surface 11 and the air outlet surface 12 can be the same or different. The shapes of the main air inlet surface 11 and the air outlet surface 12 are not specifically limited in the present invention. The diversity of shapes of the main air inlet surface 11 and the air outlet surface 12 helps to improve the adaptability, airflow effect, and overall performance of the liquid cooling unit in complex practical applications.

[0069] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the air outlet surface 12 is a plane opposite to the main air inlet surface 11. This arrangement of opposite planes ensures that cold air enters from the main air inlet surface 11, and after heat exchange by the liquid-cooled unit, hot air is discharged from the air outlet surface 12, avoiding airflow short-circuiting or hot air recirculation, and ensuring that heat is efficiently removed.

[0070] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the air outlet surface 12 includes a first air outlet surface 121 and a third air outlet surface 123. The housing 1 has a first surface 14 opposite to the main air inlet surface 11. The first air outlet surface 121 and the third air outlet surface 123 are located on opposite sides of the first surface 14. The first surface 14 is connected to the top surface of the housing 1 through the first air outlet surface 121, and the first surface 14 is connected to the bottom surface of the housing 1 through the third air outlet surface 123. The angles between the first air outlet surface 121 and the first surface 14, and between the first surface 14 and the third air outlet surface 123, are obtuse angles. The obtuse angle transition makes the airflow smoother, reduces eddies and pressure losses caused by abrupt changes in direction or cross-section, and helps to reduce the power consumption of the cooling fan 3.

[0071] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 7As shown, the air outlet surface 12 includes a first air outlet surface 121, a second air outlet surface 122, and a third air outlet surface 123 connected in sequence. The second air outlet surface 122 is vertically arranged and is connected to the top surface of the casing 1 through the first air outlet surface 121. The second air outlet surface 122 is connected to the bottom surface of the casing 1 through the third air outlet surface 123. The included angles between the first air outlet surface 121 and the second air outlet surface 122, and between the second air outlet surface 122 and the third air outlet surface 123, are obtuse angles. By arranging the first air outlet surface 121, the second air outlet surface 122, and the third air outlet surface 123 in this way, the air outlet surface 12 forms a wedge-shaped structure to increase the air outlet area. This helps to reduce airflow noise and rotational noise of the cooling fan 3 inside the casing 1, improving both noise reduction and heat dissipation uniformity and heat exchange efficiency.

[0072] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the interior of the housing 1 is also equipped with sound-absorbing material 4, which is laid on the inner wall of the housing 1. The sound-absorbing material 4 can be melamine foam, glass wool, polyester fiber cotton, etc. Damping pads are also installed on the surfaces of the compressor and pump inside the housing 1. In liquid-cooled units, the installation of sound-absorbing material and damping pads can absorb and attenuate residual noise generated by aerodynamic noise and structural vibration while ensuring that heat dissipation performance is not affected.

[0073] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the housing 1 also has an auxiliary air inlet surface 13, which is located on multiple surfaces adjacent to the main air inlet surface 11. The auxiliary air inlet surface 13 has multiple air inlet holes. The cross-sectional shape of the air inlet holes located on the main air inlet surface 11 and the auxiliary air inlet surface 13 can be set to different shapes, such as rectangles, circles, rhombuses, and ellipses. The air inlet surfaces can be set to different shapes, such as rectangles, ellipses, etc. The shape of the air inlet holes on the same air inlet surface can be one shape or a combination of multiple shapes. This invention does not make specific limitations.

[0074] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the mounting positions of the housing 1 and the cooling fan 3 are also provided with reinforcing ribs and other structures to reduce vibration transmission. The housing 1 is also provided with positioning pins, which are connected to the limiting structure inside the energy storage cabinet to prevent the liquid cooling unit from shifting due to vibration or impact.

[0075] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the housing 1 is not limited to a regular cuboid or cube, but can also be other irregular shapes, such as a tower shape, an inclined polyhedron, etc. No specific limitations are imposed in this invention, but it must be ensured that the liquid-cooled unit can be installed stably and securely in the energy storage cabinet. Correspondingly, the position and shape of the air inlet and outlet surfaces on the housing 1 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0076] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the maximum permissible height of the housing 1 can be determined based on the cabinet height of the energy storage cabinet, as well as the installation position and dimensions of the various components installed inside the cabinet. The energy storage cabinet houses a high-voltage box, a converter, battery modules, and a liquid-cooled unit. The high-voltage box, converter, battery modules, and liquid-cooled unit can be arranged in various configurations within the energy storage cabinet, including, for example, a top-mounted layout, a first side-mounted layout, and a second side-mounted layout. The top-mounted layout is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the high-voltage box, converter, battery module, and liquid cooling unit are stacked along the height of the energy storage cabinet. The first side-mounted layout is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the battery modules, high-voltage box, and converter are arranged along the width of the energy storage cabinet, while the liquid cooler and high-voltage box are arranged along the height of the energy storage cabinet. The second side-mounted layout is as follows... Figure 10 As shown, the high-voltage box, converter, and battery modules are stacked along the height of the energy storage cabinet, while the liquid-cooled chiller and battery modules are arranged along the width of the cabinet. Each battery module comprises multiple batteries, numbered from battery-1 to battery-a, where 'a' represents the number of batteries. The maximum allowable height H of the liquid-cooled chiller is determined based on the different layout configurations.

[0077] In some embodiments, when the high-voltage box, converter, battery module, and liquid cooling unit adopt such... Figure 8 In the top-mounted layout shown, the installation height of the battery module is (the height of a single battery h1 + the reserved gap h2) × the number of batteries a, that is, the installation height of the battery module is (h1 + h2) × a. The installation height of the high-voltage box and the converter is h3, and the reserved height is h4 (that is, the reserved height required for loading and unloading, such as the height required for forklift loading, unloading and handling). The cabinet height of the energy storage cabinet is h5 (the cabinet height of the energy storage cabinet refers to its total external dimensions in the vertical direction, which is preset, so the maximum allowable height H of the housing 1 is h5 - (h1 + h2) × a - h3 - h4).

[0078] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the installation positions of the high-voltage box, converter, battery module and liquid cooling unit can be interchanged. In addition, the long side of the liquid cooling unit can be consistent with the long side of the battery, or it can have a certain angle.

[0079] In some embodiments, when the high-voltage box, converter, battery module, and liquid cooling unit adopt such... Figure 9 In the first side-mounted layout shown, the installation height of the high-voltage box and the converter is h3, the reserved height is h4 (i.e., the reserved height required for loading and unloading, such as the height required for forklift loading, unloading and handling), and the cabinet height of the energy storage cabinet is h5 (the cabinet height of the energy storage cabinet refers to its total external dimensions in the vertical direction, which are preset). Then, the maximum allowable height H of the casing 1 is H = h5 - h3 - h4.

[0080] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the installation positions of the high-voltage box, converter and liquid cooler can be interchanged. In addition, the long side of the liquid cooler can be aligned with the height of the energy storage cabinet, or it can have a certain angle.

[0081] In some embodiments, when the high-voltage box, converter, battery module, and liquid cooling unit adopt such... Figure 10 In the second side-mounted layout shown, the installation height of the battery module is (the height of a single battery h1 + the reserved gap h2) × the number of batteries a, that is, the installation height of the battery module is (h1 + h2) × a. The installation height of the high-voltage box and the converter is h3, and the reserved height is h4 (that is, the reserved height required for loading and unloading, such as the height required for forklift loading, unloading and handling). Therefore, the maximum allowable height H of the housing 1 is H = (h1 + h2) × a + h3 + h4.

[0082] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the installation positions of the high-voltage box, converter, and battery module can be interchanged, and the liquid cooling unit can be installed on the left or right side of the battery module. Furthermore, the long side of the liquid cooling unit can be aligned with the height direction of the energy storage cabinet, or it can have a certain angle between them.

[0083] It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned layout forms, the second width W2 refers to the dimension occupied by the casing 1 of the liquid-cooled unit in the width direction of the energy storage cabinet.

[0084] In some embodiments, when the high-voltage box, converter, battery module, and liquid cooling unit adopt such... Figure 8 In the top-mounted layout shown, the cabinet width of the energy storage cabinet is the greater of the following two: the installation width required for installing the high-voltage box, inverter, and battery modules, and the width occupied by the housing 1 in the cabinet. For example, first obtain the installation width required for the energy storage cabinet when installing the high-voltage box, inverter, and battery modules, i.e., the first width W1; compare the first width W1 and the second width W2, and select the larger of them as the cabinet width of the energy storage cabinet.

[0085] In this embodiment, the first width W1 required for the energy storage cabinet can be determined based on the width of the high-voltage box, converter, and battery module itself, as well as the reserved installation width, or it can be provided by the manufacturer.

[0086] In some embodiments, when the high-voltage box, converter, battery module, and liquid cooling unit adopt such... Figure 9 In the first side-mounted layout shown, the cabinet width of the energy storage cabinet is the sum of the installation width of the battery modules and the preset width; whereby the preset width is the larger of the following two: the installation width required for installing the high-voltage box and the converter, and the width occupied by the liquid-cooled unit's casing 1 in the cabinet. For example, first obtain the installation width required for installing the high-voltage box and the converter in the energy storage cabinet, i.e., the third width W3; compare the third width W3 with the second width W2, and select the larger value as the fifth width W5; based on the installation width of the battery modules and the fifth width W5, determine the cabinet width of the energy storage cabinet.

[0087] In this embodiment, the installation width of the battery module, i.e., the fourth width W4, can be determined based on the battery module's own width and the reserved installation width, or it can be provided by the manufacturer. The third width W3 required for installing the high-voltage box and converter in the energy storage cabinet can be determined based on the high-voltage box, converter, and the reserved installation width, or it can be provided by the manufacturer. Comparing the third width W3 and the second width W2, the larger value is selected as the fifth width W5. The cabinet width of the energy storage cabinet is W4 + W5.

[0088] In some embodiments, when the high-voltage box, converter, battery module, and liquid cooling unit adopt such... Figure 10 In the second side-mounted layout shown, the cabinet width of the energy storage cabinet is the sum of a preset width and the width occupied by the housing 1 within the cabinet; where the preset width is the installation width required for installing the high-voltage box, converter, and battery modules. For example, first obtain the installation width required for installing the high-voltage box, converter, and battery modules in the energy storage cabinet, i.e., the sixth width W6; then, based on the sixth width W6 and the second width W2, determine the cabinet width of the energy storage cabinet.

[0089] In this embodiment, the sixth width W6 required for installing the high-voltage box, converter, and battery modules in the energy storage cabinet can be determined based on the width of the high-voltage box, converter, and battery modules themselves and the reserved installation width, or it can be provided by the manufacturer. The cabinet width of the energy storage cabinet is W6 + W2.

[0090] The energy storage cabinet based on the above technical solution balances space constraints, heat dissipation requirements, and optimal noise levels. Its liquid-cooled unit and cabinet structure, while meeting heat dissipation needs, allows for relatively optimal cooling fan operation with low noise. This solution achieves a balance between heat dissipation requirements, structural dimensions, and cooling fan speed, thus avoiding the need for additional sound-absorbing devices, sound-absorbing materials, or frequent noise reduction testing. By precisely matching heat dissipation requirements with structural space, this energy storage cabinet reduces airflow noise and cooling fan rotation noise generated by the liquid-cooled unit during operation under the energy storage cabinet's heat dissipation conditions, while ensuring that the liquid-cooled unit meets heat dissipation requirements. Simultaneously, it also ensures the overall compactness, rationality, and feasibility of the energy storage cabinet.

[0091] Using the energy storage cabinet provided by this invention, the power consumption of the liquid cooling unit is reduced by 15% to 20%, the noise is reduced by 5dB to 8dB, and the performance is significantly improved under high temperature conditions.

[0092] The above is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this application. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage cabinet, comprising a cabinet body and a liquid-cooled unit disposed within the cabinet body, the liquid-cooled unit comprising a casing and a heat exchanger disposed within the casing, characterized in that, The casing has a main air intake surface, and the main air intake surface has multiple air intake holes; The heat exchanger has a ventilation surface facing the main air inlet surface; The cross-sectional area M of the main air inlet surface satisfies: M≥S1 / K; S1 represents the minimum total air inlet area of ​​the plurality of air inlets; K represents the opening ratio, which is a preset value; S1=V / u; V represents the total circulating air volume required by the liquid cooling unit; u represents the average wind speed in the air duct of the liquid cooling unit.

2. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total area of ​​the ventilation surface of the heat exchanger is S2, where S1 is less than or equal to S2, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the main air inlet surface is M = S1 / K.

3. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total area of ​​the ventilation surface of the heat exchanger is S2, where S1 is less than or equal to S2, and S2 = m × S 20 The S 20 The initial total area of ​​the ventilation surface is determined based on S1 / K and the maximum permissible height of the liquid cooling unit, and S... 20 The value is less than S1; m represents the adjustment coefficient, and m is greater than 1.

4. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that, The value range of m is (1, 1.25).

5. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The value of K ranges from 0.4 to 0.

7.

6. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The average wind speed u in the air duct ranges from 1 m / s to 6 m / s; the total circulating air volume V is the ratio of the total heat P to be dissipated by the liquid-cooled unit to the air heat capacity parameter λ, where the air heat capacity parameter λ ranges from 3 to 8; the total heat P to be dissipated by the liquid-cooled unit is the cooling capacity required by the energy storage cabinet. and the heat generated by the liquid chiller itself during operation The sum of.

7. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cabinet also houses a high-voltage box, a converter, and a battery module, which are stacked along the height of the cabinet. The width of the cabinet is the greater of the following two: the installation width required to install the high-voltage box, converter and battery module, and the width occupied by the casing of the liquid cooling unit in the cabinet.

8. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cabinet also houses a high-voltage box, a converter, and a battery module. The battery module, the high-voltage box, and the converter are arranged along the width of the cabinet, and the liquid cooling unit and the high-voltage box are arranged along the height of the cabinet. The width of the cabinet is the sum of the installation width for mounting the battery module and the preset width; The preset width is the larger of the following two: the installation width required to install the high-voltage box and the converter, and the width occupied by the casing of the liquid-cooled unit in the cabinet.

9. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cabinet also houses a high-voltage box, a converter, and a battery module. The high-voltage box, the converter, and the battery module are stacked along the height of the cabinet, and the liquid cooling unit and the battery module are arranged along the width of the cabinet. The width of the cabinet is the sum of the preset width and the width occupied by the casing of the liquid cooling unit in the cabinet; The preset width is the installation width required for installing the high-voltage box, the inverter, and the battery module.

10. The energy storage cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The casing also has an air outlet surface, which is arranged opposite to the main air inlet surface; The plurality of heat exchangers are located between the main air inlet surface and the air outlet surface; The casing also contains multiple cooling fans, which are located between the heat exchanger and the air outlet.

11. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 10, characterized in that, The housing also has an auxiliary air intake surface, which is located on the surface adjacent to the main air intake surface.

12. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 10, characterized in that, The air outlet surface includes a first air outlet surface, a second air outlet surface, and a third air outlet surface connected in sequence; the angle between the first air outlet surface and the second air outlet surface, and between the second air outlet surface and the third air outlet surface, is an obtuse angle.

13. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 10, characterized in that, The air outlet surface includes a first air outlet surface and a third air outlet surface. The housing has a first surface opposite to the main air inlet surface. The first air outlet surface and the third air outlet surface are respectively located on opposite sides of the first surface, and the angle between the first air outlet surface and the first surface, and the angle between the third air outlet surface and the first surface are obtuse angles.

Images