Unmanned aerial vehicle detection device
By employing a horizontally polarized antenna element in the form of an array and a power divider in the UAV detection equipment, the problems of horizontal polarization blind zone and equipment complexity in the prior art are solved, achieving omnidirectional coverage and miniaturized design.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI TERJIN INFORMATION TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
In existing UAV detection equipment, conventional horizontal polarization layouts have a large blind zone, and multi-antenna arrays in different directions have complex structures, large sizes, and many application limitations, making it difficult to meet the needs of miniaturized equipment.
At least two types of polarized antenna elements are used: vertically polarized antenna elements and horizontally polarized antenna elements. The horizontally polarized antenna elements are arranged in a planar array and amplitude and phase are allocated through a power divider, thereby reducing the size of the equipment and enhancing omnidirectional coverage.
It achieves omnidirectional coverage in the horizontal direction, simplifies antenna layout, reduces equipment size, expands application range, and is suitable for small devices.
Smart Images
Figure CN122436688A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) detection technology, and more particularly to a UAV detection device. Background Technology
[0002] With the technological advancements in drones, drone communication has evolved from single vertical polarization to multiple polarizations, including vertical, horizontal, and even more directions. Coupled with strong interference from noisy environments, single polarization in drone detection equipment is no longer sufficient to meet detection requirements. Therefore, multi-polarization is necessary to counteract interference.
[0003] Drone detection equipment needs omnidirectional horizontal coverage to detect drones coming from all directions. However, conventional solutions, such as... Figure 1 In the layout shown, a vertically polarized antenna 101 and a horizontally polarized antenna 102 extend outward from the device housing 103. In this layout, only the vertically polarized antenna provides omnidirectional coverage in the horizontal direction, as shown. Figure 2 As shown in Figure a, horizontally polarized antennas have a large blind zone in the horizontal direction, such as... Figure 3 As shown in b, this leads to omissions when detecting drones.
[0004] Existing methods for achieving horizontal linear polarization omnidirectional coverage include: Figure 4 As shown, the center consists of a metal reflector 104, surrounded by horizontally polarized antennas 102; horizontal omnidirectional coverage is achieved by horizontally arraying multiple directional antennas. This method allows both vertically polarized and horizontally polarized antennas to achieve omnidirectional coverage, such as... Figure 5 c, Figure 6 As shown in d, however, this method results in a very complex device structure and requires a relatively large size, which imposes many limitations in practical applications and is not suitable for miniaturized devices. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention provides a drone detection device to solve the problems of large blind spots in conventional horizontal polarization layouts, and the complex, large-size, and application-limited multi-antenna array structures in different directions in existing technologies.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention provides a drone detection device, comprising: The antenna module includes at least two types of polarized antenna elements: a vertically polarized antenna element and a horizontally polarized antenna element; the polarization direction of the vertically polarized antenna element is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the horizontally polarized antenna element; the horizontally polarized antenna element includes multiple horizontally polarized antennas, the multiple horizontally polarized antennas have the same polarization direction, and are distributed in an array form on a horizontal plane. The signal processing module is connected to the vertically polarized antenna unit and the horizontally polarized antenna unit, respectively.
[0007] Optionally, the vertically polarized antenna element includes one or more vertically polarized antennas.
[0008] Optionally, when there are multiple vertically polarized antennas, the polarization directions of the multiple vertically polarized antennas are the same, the multiple vertically polarized antennas are arranged in a line, and the arrangement direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
[0009] Optionally, the plurality of horizontally polarized antennas are connected to the signal processing module via a power divider, which is used to perform amplitude and phase distribution of the plurality of horizontally polarized antennas.
[0010] Optionally, in the area array composed of multiple horizontally polarized antennas, the amplitude of all horizontally polarized antennas is allocated with equal power; the phase difference between any two adjacent horizontally polarized antennas is a preset value.
[0011] Optionally, the preset value can be any value between 170° and 190°.
[0012] Optionally, the power divider can be a PCB-type power divider or a cavity-type power divider.
[0013] Optionally, the array composed of multiple horizontally polarized antennas can be a multi-row, multi-column array.
[0014] Optionally, the horizontally polarized antenna is a dipole antenna or a patch antenna.
[0015] Optionally, the vertically polarized antenna is a dipole antenna or a patch antenna.
[0016] The UAV detection device provided by this invention sets up polarized antenna units with at least two polarization directions, and one of the polarized antenna units, the horizontally polarized antenna unit, is arranged in a planar array, which can achieve omnidirectional coverage in that direction. Thus, both polarized antenna units achieve omnidirectional coverage in that direction. Compared with the existing method of arranging multiple directional antennas in different directions, the horizontally polarized antenna unit of this invention adopts a planar array, which concentrates the antenna layout, simplifies the layout, reduces the size of the device, has a wide range of applications, and is also suitable for small devices.
[0017] In one optional embodiment of the present invention, the array composed of multiple horizontally polarized antennas is a multi-row, multi-column array, which provides stronger omnidirectional coverage in the horizontal direction.
[0018] In one optional embodiment of the present invention, multiple horizontally polarized antennas of the horizontally polarized antenna unit are combined by a power divider, and the power divider distributes the amplitude of all horizontally polarized antennas into equal power distributions; the phase difference between any two adjacent horizontally polarized antennas is a preset value, which can achieve better omnidirectional coverage. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of an existing conventional dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A horizontal cross-section of the radiation pattern of a vertically polarized antenna; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A horizontal cross-section of the radiation pattern of a horizontally polarized antenna; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the existing layout of multiple directional antenna arrays; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A horizontal cross-section of the radiation pattern of a vertically polarized antenna; Figure 6 for Figure 4 A horizontal cross-section of the radiation pattern of a horizontally polarized antenna; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a drone detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A horizontal cross-section of the radiation pattern of a vertically polarized antenna; Figure 9 for Figure 7 A horizontal cross-section of the radiation pattern of a horizontally polarized antenna; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a drone detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a structural layout diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal polarization unit as an example of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a PCB schematic diagram of a horizontal polarization unit according to an example of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal polarization unit, another example of the present invention. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Vertical polarized antenna element; 11-Vertical polarized antenna; 2-Horizontal polarized antenna element; 21-Horizontal polarized antenna; 3-Signal processing module; 4-Power divider 5-Location. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper part", "lower part", "upper end", "lower end", "lower surface", "upper surface", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.
[0023] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
[0024] In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means multiple, such as two, three, four, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0025] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" and other such terms should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between the components; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.
[0027] In one embodiment, a drone detection device is provided; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 7 It includes an antenna module and a signal processing module 3. The antenna module includes at least two polarized antenna elements: a vertically polarized antenna element 1 and a horizontally polarized antenna element 2; the polarization direction of the vertically polarized antenna element is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the horizontally polarized antenna element. The horizontally polarized antenna element 2 includes multiple horizontally polarized antennas 21, all with the same polarization direction, and arranged in an array on a horizontal plane. The vertically polarized antenna element 1 and the horizontally polarized antenna element 2 are respectively connected to the signal processing module 3.
[0028] In the above embodiments, by setting at least two polarization antenna elements: a vertically polarized antenna element and a horizontally polarized antenna element, and one of the polarization antenna elements, the horizontally polarized antenna element, is arranged in a planar array; not only can the vertically polarized antenna element achieve omnidirectional coverage in the horizontal direction, but also... Figure 8 As shown, horizontally polarized antenna elements can also achieve omnidirectional coverage in the horizontal direction, such as... Figure 9 As shown, both polarized antenna elements achieve omnidirectional coverage in the horizontal direction; and the horizontally polarized antenna elements adopt the form of a planar array, which makes the antenna layout centralized and simple, reduces the size of the equipment, has a wide range of applications, and can be used in small equipment.
[0029] In one embodiment, the vertically polarized antenna element 1 includes a plurality of vertically polarized antennas 11, such as... Figure 10 As shown. Multiple vertically polarized antennas 11 have the same polarization direction, are arranged in a line, and are perpendicular to the horizontal plane, as shown. Figure 11 As shown.
[0030] It should be noted that, Figure 10 This is only a schematic diagram, not a structural diagram. The horizontally polarized antenna elements are not distributed within this plane, as shown below. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure.
[0031] In different embodiments, the number of vertically polarized antennas 11 in the vertically polarized antenna element 1 can also be one.
[0032] In one embodiment, the area array composed of multiple horizontally polarized antennas includes multiple parallel linear arrays. The multiple linear arrays are connected to a signal processing module through a power divider. The power divider achieves combining and adjusts the amplitude distribution and phase difference of all horizontally polarized antennas to better achieve omnidirectional coverage in the horizontal direction.
[0033] Preferably, the amplitude distribution of all horizontally polarized antennas is equal power; the phase difference between any two adjacent horizontally polarized antennas is a preset value.
[0034] The phase difference can be any value within the range of 170° to 190°, and can be adjusted according to actual needs. The amplitude distribution can be any value within the range of 0.8 to 1, and can be adjusted according to actual needs.
[0035] like Figure 12 The diagram illustrates an example of amplitude and phase allocation when the horizontal polarization elements are arranged in a 2x2 array. The combiner port is used to connect to the signal processing module, and the combiner port connects to four horizontally polarized antennas via a 1-to-4 power divider, thus achieving amplitude and phase allocation for the four horizontally polarized antennas. Figure 12 In this example, taking four horizontally polarized antennas with an amplitude distribution of 1, and looking clockwise, their phases are 0°, 180°, 0°, and 180° respectively, meaning the phase difference between any two adjacent horizontally polarized antennas is 180°. The phase difference distribution of different horizontally polarized antennas by the power divider can be achieved by setting RF transmission lines of different lengths, such as... Figure 12 As shown. Figure 13 It indicates Figure 12 The diagram shows a PCB implementation of a horizontally polarized antenna. The power divider 4 is H-shaped; the middle connection of the H is not in the center but off to one side and is bent, resulting in different lengths of the RF transmission lines from the combiner port to the four horizontally polarized antennas, thus achieving a preset phase difference between each pair of adjacent polarized antennas. The microstrip ground 5 can be connected between the two parallel parts of the H.
[0036] like Figure 14 The diagram illustrates an example of amplitude and phase allocation when the horizontal polarization elements are arranged in a 2x4 array. The combiner port is used to connect to the signal processing module. The combiner port connects to an eight-horizontal-polarized antenna via a 1-to-4 and then 1-to-2 power divider, thus achieving amplitude and phase allocation for the eight horizontally polarized antennas. Figure 14 In this example, taking an eight-horizontal-polarized antenna with an amplitude distribution of 1, and looking clockwise, the phases are 0°, 180°, 0°, 180°, 0°, 180°, 0°, 180°, 0°, 180°, meaning the phase difference between any two adjacent horizontally polarized antennas is 180°. The power divider can be a PCB-type power divider or a cavity-type power divider; there are no restrictions.
[0037] In one embodiment, the vertically polarized antenna and the horizontally polarized antenna can be dipole antennas or patch antennas, and the form of the polarized antenna is not limited.
[0038] It should be noted that the positions of the antenna module and the signal processing module in the diagram are not restricted; the antenna module can be installed anywhere in front of, behind, to the left or right of the signal processing module.
[0039] In the above embodiments, the antenna module includes two polarized antenna elements as an example; in different embodiments, the number of polarized antenna elements can also be more than two, as long as the horizontally polarized antenna elements are in the form of an array.
[0040] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "an embodiment," "an example," "a specific implementation process," and "an example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A drone detection device, characterized in that, include: The antenna module includes at least two types of polarized antenna elements: vertically polarized antenna elements and horizontally polarized antenna elements. The polarization direction of the vertically polarized antenna element is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the horizontally polarized antenna element; the horizontally polarized antenna element includes multiple horizontally polarized antennas, which have the same polarization direction and are distributed in an array on a horizontal plane. The signal processing module is connected to the vertically polarized antenna unit and the horizontally polarized antenna unit, respectively.
2. The UAV detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertically polarized antenna element includes one or more vertically polarized antennas.
3. The UAV detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, When there are multiple vertically polarized antennas, the polarization directions of the multiple vertically polarized antennas are the same, the multiple vertically polarized antennas are arranged in a line, and the arrangement direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
4. The UAV detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple horizontally polarized antennas are connected to the signal processing module via a power divider, which is used to achieve amplitude and phase distribution of the multiple horizontally polarized antennas.
5. The UAV detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the array composed of multiple horizontally polarized antennas, the amplitude of all horizontally polarized antennas is allocated with equal power; the phase difference between any two adjacent horizontally polarized antennas is a preset value.
6. The UAV detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preset value is any value between 170° and 190°.
7. The UAV detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power divider is either a PCB-type power divider or a cavity-type power divider.
8. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The array composed of multiple horizontally polarized antennas is a multi-row, multi-column array.
9. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The horizontally polarized antenna is a dipole antenna or a patch antenna.
10. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) detection device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, The vertically polarized antenna is either a dipole antenna or a patch antenna.