A wireless networking-based panoramic digital communication method and system for a coal mine substation

Abstract

The application provides a coal mine substation panoramic digital communication method and system based on wireless networking, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine substation communication. The method obtains historical operation state parameters of substation equipment connected with each edge node by taking the communication terminal in the coal mine substation as the edge node, and constructs an operation state judgment rule corresponding to each substation equipment based on the historical data; obtains real-time operation state parameters of each substation equipment, judges the real-time operation state of each substation equipment based on the pre-constructed operation state judgment rule; and dynamically adjusts the communication strategy of the corresponding edge node and the upper computer based on the real-time operation state of each substation equipment. The application can solve the problems of communication channel quality deterioration, data transmission efficiency decline, equipment state information update lag and the like caused by physical shielding, electromagnetic interference, heartbeat mechanism misjudgment and high-frequency polling and retransmission of the wireless communication system in the coal mine substation.

Description

Technical Field This application relates to the field of communication technology in coal mine substations, specifically to a panoramic digital communication method and system for coal mine substations based on wireless networking. Background Technology: In the daily operation of coal mine substations, a wireless networking-based communication system is typically deployed to achieve comprehensive perception and digital management of the status of various internal equipment. This system aims to overcome the challenges of traditional wired communication in complex underground environments, such as difficult wiring, high maintenance costs, and inflexible network topology adjustments. It collects data from high-voltage switchgear, transformers, relay protection devices, and other equipment in real time through wireless communication nodes and aggregates this data to a central monitoring platform. However, with the upgrading and transformation of substation infrastructure, especially the introduction of large-scale new power equipment, its massive physical structure and operating characteristics have brought unexpected and severe challenges to the original wireless communication environment. These challenges include physical obstruction of signal transmission paths, enhanced electromagnetic interference generated during operation, and the resulting continuous deterioration of communication channel quality. The initially deployed panoramic digital communication system based on wireless networking aims to provide stable and reliable signal coverage and communication links by rationally distributing wireless communication nodes and their transmitting antennas, and to collect status data of various heterogeneous devices in real time and efficiently. This deployment method effectively solved many problems of traditional wired communication and demonstrated good performance in the early stages of operation. However, in order to adapt to the increasing power load demand of the mine, the substation underwent a significant infrastructure upgrade, replacing an old main transformer with a newer, larger-capacity transformer. The larger size and thicker metal casing of the new transformer created new, permanent physical obstructions to the signal transmission paths of some existing wireless communication nodes, resulting in a significant decrease in signal strength and even deep signal fading.

[0001] With the commissioning of new transformers, especially during peak mining periods, the intensity and range of the power frequency electromagnetic fields generated under high load conditions exceed the design specifications of the original equipment. This enhanced electromagnetic noise, superimposed on the already attenuated wireless signals due to physical obstruction, results in a persistently low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for communication channels in the vicinity. Under these extremely low SNR conditions, even weak interference can lead to severe damage or loss of data packets, posing a serious challenge to the reliability of wireless communication.

[0002] Faced with this persistently low signal-to-noise ratio environment, the heartbeat maintenance mechanism of network nodes in wireless networking communication systems exhibits low adaptability. Heartbeat packets are highly susceptible to damage or loss during transmission, causing the system to misclassify normally online neighboring nodes as offline. This frequent misjudgment leads to logical instability in the network topology, resulting in frequent updates to the network routing table and increasing the management burden and uncertainty of the network. Simultaneously, to ensure real-time monitoring of the operating status of critical equipment within the substation, the data acquisition system sets up high-frequency device status polling requests. However, under conditions of unstable network topology and poor channel quality, this high-frequency request exacerbates packet collisions and loss. The damage and loss of a large number of data packets trigger retransmission mechanisms, further straining already limited channel resources, bringing the already fragile communication link close to saturation, and causing a sharp decline in data transmission efficiency.

[0003] Ultimately, due to signal attenuation caused by physical obstruction, electromagnetic interference from the new transformer, network topology instability caused by misjudgments in the heartbeat mechanism, and channel saturation and numerous data packet timeouts and losses caused by high-frequency polling and retransmission, the heterogeneous protocol parsing and encapsulation modules of the upper-layer applications could not receive continuous and accurate raw data streams from the devices. This directly resulted in a severe lag in updating the status information of critical equipment within the substation, preventing operators from grasping the true operating status of the equipment in a timely manner and thus missing the best opportunity to detect potential faults early. When communication anomalies occur, the indirect relationship between the root cause and the manifestation of the problem makes fault diagnosis and location extremely difficult, seriously affecting the intelligent operation and safety assurance capabilities of the coal mine substation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application discloses a panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking, which aims to solve the problems of communication channel quality deterioration, data transmission efficiency reduction, and equipment status information lag caused by physical obstruction, electromagnetic interference, heartbeat mechanism misjudgment, and high-frequency polling and retransmission in wireless communication systems in coal mine substations.

[0005] The technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application discloses a panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking, including:

[0007] The communication terminals in the coal mine substation are used as edge nodes. The historical operating status parameters of the substation equipment connected to each edge node are obtained. Based on the historical operating status parameters, the operating status judgment rules for each substation equipment are constructed.

[0008] The real-time operating status parameters of each substation are obtained, and the real-time operating status of each substation is determined based on the corresponding substation operating status judgment rules.

[0009] Based on the real-time operating status of each power equipment, adjust the communication strategy between the corresponding edge node and the host computer.

[0010] This technical solution enables the use of communication terminals in coal mine substations as edge nodes. By acquiring historical operating status parameters of the substation equipment and constructing operating status judgment rules, accurate judgment of the real-time operating status of the equipment can be achieved. Based on this, the communication strategy between the edge nodes and the host computer is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time operating status of the substation equipment. This effectively addresses the complex and ever-changing communication environment of coal mine substations, improves communication reliability and efficiency, and solves the problems of delayed equipment status information updates and difficulties in fault diagnosis caused by communication anomalies in existing technologies.

[0011] Preferably, the data types of historical and real-time operating status parameters include at least: current, voltage, temperature, and switching status; the power equipment includes at least transformers and high-voltage switchgear; wherein,

[0012] Obtain real-time operating status parameters for each substation device, including:

[0013] Temperature sensors are used to acquire air temperature and oil temperature data at the location of the transformer windings.

[0014] The secondary current data of the transformer is obtained through a current transformer, the secondary voltage data of the transformer is obtained through a voltage transformer, and the secondary current data and secondary voltage data are collected through an analog acquisition module.

[0015] The switching status data of the high-voltage switchgear is acquired through a digital signal acquisition module.

[0016] This application clarifies the specific data types of historical and real-time operating status parameters through this technical solution, and elaborates on how to accurately acquire real-time operating status parameters of key substation equipment such as transformers and high-voltage switchgear using temperature sensors, current transformers, voltage transformers, and analog and digital acquisition modules. This provides comprehensive and accurate data support for subsequent operating status judgment and communication strategy adjustment, improving the system's precision in perceiving equipment status. Preferably, based on historical operating status parameters, operating status judgment rules are constructed for each substation device, including:

[0017] Analyze historical operating status parameters to identify the inflection point values ​​of historical operating status parameters when the operating status of the power equipment changes during its historical operation. The inflection point values ​​of historical operating status parameters are the historical operating status parameter values ​​of the corresponding power equipment when its operating status changes from normal to abnormal, or from abnormal to normal.

[0018] Based on the inflection point values ​​of historical operating status parameters, determine the threshold range of changes in the operating status parameters of the substation equipment;

[0019] Based on the threshold range of changes in the operating status parameters of power equipment, corresponding operating status judgment rules for power equipment are established; among them, the operating status judgment rules are used to classify the operating status of power equipment into normal operating status and abnormal operating status according to the threshold range of changes in the operating status parameters.

[0020] This technical solution analyzes historical operating status parameters to identify inflection point values ​​when operating status changes, and determines the threshold range for changes in operating status parameters accordingly. It then establishes judgment rules to classify equipment operating status into normal and abnormal states. This method of dynamically constructing judgment rules based on historical data enables the system to more accurately identify abnormal equipment operating states, improving the accuracy and adaptability of judgments and avoiding misjudgments that may result from fixed thresholds.

[0021] Preferably, the real-time operating status parameters of each substation are obtained, and the real-time operating status of each substation is determined based on the corresponding operating status judgment rules, including:

[0022] The real-time operating status parameters of the acquired power equipment are compared with the operating status change threshold range in the corresponding power equipment operating status judgment rules.

[0023] If the real-time operating status parameters of the power equipment are within the operating status change threshold range in the corresponding power equipment operating status judgment rules, then the real-time operating status of the power equipment is determined to be normal.

[0024] If the real-time operating status parameters of the power equipment are outside the operating status change threshold range in the corresponding power equipment operating status judgment rules, then the real-time operating status of the power equipment is determined to be abnormal.

[0025] This application details how to compare real-time operating status parameters with threshold ranges in pre-established operating status judgment rules to clearly determine whether the real-time operating status of the substation equipment is normal or abnormal. This direct and clear judgment logic ensures that the system can quickly and accurately identify equipment anomalies, providing a reliable basis for subsequent communication strategy adjustments.

[0026] Based on the above, this application further proposes that, in the panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking, the communication strategy between the corresponding edge nodes and the host computer is adjusted according to the real-time operating status of each substation device, including:

[0027] When the real-time operating status of all power equipment is determined to be normal, the communication strategy between the edge node and the host computer is set to send the corresponding power equipment normal status information to the host computer using the first preset communication strategy.

[0028] The first preset communication strategy is a communication strategy in which the edge node sends the corresponding substation health status information to the host computer at a first time interval.

[0029] When the real-time operating status of one of the power equipment is determined to be abnormal, the communication strategy between the edge node and the host computer is set to send the corresponding power equipment abnormal status information to the host computer using the second preset communication strategy.

[0030] The second preset communication strategy is to set a communication strategy for the edge node to send abnormal status information of the substation to the host computer based on the communication link quality of wireless communication between the edge node and the host computer, the communication link quality of wireless communication between the edge node and neighboring edge nodes, and the abnormal status information of the substation equipment.

[0031] This technical solution dynamically adjusts the communication strategy between edge nodes and the host computer based on the real-time operating status of the power equipment. During normal equipment operation, a first preset communication strategy is adopted, which periodically sends health status information, ensuring communication efficiency and rational resource utilization. When equipment malfunctions, a second preset communication strategy is switched. This strategy comprehensively considers the quality of the communication link and the severity of the abnormal information, enabling more intelligent and reliable transmission of critical abnormal information. This effectively avoids information loss or delay due to inappropriate communication strategies in abnormal situations, improving the system's response capability to emergencies.

[0032] As a technological improvement, the second preset communication strategy in this wireless networking-based panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations includes:

[0033] The first communication link quality parameter between the edge node and the host computer is obtained, the first comparison result between the first communication link quality parameter and the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold is determined, and the information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer is adjusted based on the first comparison result.

[0034] Acquire and compare the second communication link quality parameters between the edge node and multiple neighboring edge nodes. Based on the second comparison result of the second communication link quality parameters between the edge node and each neighboring edge node, adjust the multipath redundancy information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer.

[0035] When the transmission of abnormal status information of substation equipment by the edge node fails, the edge node analyzes the channel quality and the severity of the abnormal status information of the substation equipment, and adjusts the retransmission optimization strategy between the edge node and the host computer based on the analyzed channel quality and the severity of the abnormal status information of the substation equipment.

[0036] This application further refines the second preset communication strategy through this technical solution. It adjusts the information transmission strategy by acquiring and analyzing the quality parameters of the first communication link, adjusts the multi-path redundant information transmission strategy by comparing the quality parameters of the second communication link, and adjusts the retransmission optimization strategy based on channel quality and the severity of the anomaly when transmission fails. This multi-dimensional, adaptive communication strategy adjustment mechanism significantly improves the reliability and efficiency of critical information transmission under abnormal device conditions, effectively addressing communication challenges in complex wireless environments.

[0037] Preferably, the process includes obtaining a first communication link quality parameter between the edge node and the host computer, determining a first comparison result between the first communication link quality parameter and a first preset communication link quality parameter threshold, and adjusting the information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer based on the first comparison result, including:

[0038] Obtain the first communication link quality parameters between the edge node and the host computer; wherein, the first communication link quality parameters include signal strength indication parameters and signal-to-noise ratio parameters;

[0039] A first comparison result is obtained by comparing the first communication link quality parameters with a first preset communication link quality parameter threshold; wherein, the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold includes a signal strength indication parameter threshold and a signal-to-noise ratio parameter threshold.

[0040] If the first comparison result indicates that the signal strength indicator parameter is less than the signal strength indicator parameter threshold, or the signal-to-noise ratio parameter is less than the signal-to-noise ratio parameter threshold, then a link quality difference is determined between the edge node and the host computer, and the information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer is adjusted; where,

[0041] The adjustment methods for information transmission strategies include at least one of the following:

[0042] The abnormal status information of power equipment sent from the edge node to the host computer is divided into multiple sub-information messages;

[0043] Modify the spreading factor and coding rate parameters in the wireless communication protocol between the edge node and the host computer;

[0044] Increase the transmit power of the wireless communication mechanisms attached to the edge nodes.

[0045] This application details how to evaluate communication link quality based on signal strength indication parameters and signal-to-noise ratio parameters, and how to adopt various flexible information transmission strategy adjustments based on the evaluation results, including information fragmentation, protocol parameter modification, and transmission power enhancement. These specific adjustment measures can effectively address situations with poor link quality, optimize data transmission efficiency and reliability, and ensure that critical abnormal information can be successfully delivered to the host computer.

[0046] Preferably, the process involves acquiring and comparing second communication link quality parameters between the edge node and multiple neighboring edge nodes, and adjusting the multi-path redundancy information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer based on the second comparison result of the second communication link quality parameters between the edge node and each neighboring edge node. This includes:

[0047] Select the neighboring edge nodes of the current edge node and obtain the second communication link quality parameters between the current edge node and each neighboring edge node; wherein, the neighboring edge node is an edge node set within a specified distance range of the current edge node and has established a wireless communication connection with the host computer;

[0048] By comparing the second communication link quality parameters between the current edge node and each neighboring edge node, the neighboring edge node with the best communication link quality is determined.

[0049] When the current edge node transmits abnormal status information of the substation equipment to the host computer, it also transmits it to one or more neighboring edge nodes with the best communication link quality, thereby realizing multi-path redundant transmission of abnormal status information of the substation equipment.

[0050] This technical solution identifies the neighboring edge nodes with the best communication link quality by selecting neighboring edge nodes and obtaining their communication link quality parameters with the current edge node. These optimal neighboring edge nodes are then used to achieve multi-path redundant transmission of abnormal information. This multi-path redundant transmission strategy significantly enhances the reliability of abnormal information transmission. Even if the main path fails, information delivery can be ensured through backup paths, effectively avoiding communication interruptions caused by single-point failures.

[0051] Preferably, when the transmission of abnormal status information of substation equipment by the edge node fails, the edge node analyzes the channel quality and the severity of the abnormal status information of the substation equipment, and adjusts the retransmission optimization strategy between the edge node and the host computer based on the analyzed channel quality and the severity of the abnormal status information of the substation equipment, including:

[0052] When the transmission of abnormal status information of substation equipment by the edge node fails, the transmission is paused and the abnormal status information of substation equipment is stored in the local cache by the edge node.

[0053] The edge node acquires and analyzes the quality parameters of the first communication link between the current edge node and the host computer and the abnormal status information of the power equipment to determine the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment. The severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment is obtained by analyzing the abnormal status information of the power equipment and is set according to the number of power equipment with abnormal operating status connected to the current edge node. The number of power equipment with abnormal operating status is equal to the severity level value of the abnormal status information of the power equipment.

[0054] If the first communication link quality parameter between the current edge node and the host computer is less than the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold, then the current edge node is controlled to wait for a first preset time before retransmitting the data; wherein, the second signal strength indication parameter threshold in the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold is less than the first signal strength indication parameter threshold in the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold, or the second signal-to-noise ratio parameter in the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold is less than the first signal-to-noise ratio parameter threshold in the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold;

[0055] If the quality parameter of the first communication link between the current edge node and the host computer is greater than the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold but less than the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold, then the current edge node is controlled to wait for the second preset duration before retransmitting the data; wherein, the first preset duration is greater than the second preset duration.

[0056] When the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment is higher than the first preset threshold for the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment, the number of times the current edge node retransmits the abnormal status information of the power equipment to the host computer is set to the first preset number of retransmissions.

[0057] When the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment is lower than the first preset threshold for the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment, the number of times the current edge node retransmits the abnormal status information of the power equipment to the host computer is set to the second preset number of retransmissions; wherein, the first preset number of retransmissions is greater than the second preset number of retransmissions.

[0058] This technical solution dynamically adjusts the retransmission waiting time and number of retransmissions when abnormal information transmission fails, by using local caching and combining channel quality and the severity level of the abnormal information. This intelligent retransmission optimization strategy can flexibly adjust retransmission behavior according to the actual communication environment and the importance of the information, avoiding channel congestion caused by blind retransmissions, while ensuring the final delivery of critical abnormal information under adverse communication conditions, significantly improving the robustness and efficiency of communication.

[0059] Secondly, this application also discloses a panoramic digital communication system for coal mine substations based on wireless networking, comprising:

[0060] The operation status judgment rule construction module is used to take the communication terminal in the coal mine substation as the edge node, obtain the historical operation status parameters of the substation equipment connected to each edge node, and construct the operation status judgment rule corresponding to each substation equipment based on the historical operation status parameters.

[0061] The real-time operation status judgment module is used to obtain the real-time operation status parameters of each substation and judge the real-time operation status of each substation based on the corresponding substation operation status judgment rules.

[0062] The communication adjustment module is used to adjust the communication strategy between the corresponding edge node and the host computer based on the real-time operating status of each substation.

[0063] This application provides a panoramic digital communication system for coal mine substations based on wireless networking. Through the collaborative work of an operational status judgment rule construction module, a real-time operational status judgment module, and a communication adjustment module, it achieves intelligent perception, judgment, and adaptive adjustment of communication strategies for the operational status of substation equipment. This system effectively solves the problems of poor communication reliability and low information transmission efficiency in the complex environment of coal mine substations, providing solid technical support for the intelligent operation and safety assurance of coal mine substations.

[0064] This application discloses a panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking. It uses communication terminals in the coal mine substation as edge nodes, acquires historical operating status parameters of the substation equipment connected to each edge node, and constructs operating status judgment rules for each substation equipment based on historical data. It then acquires real-time operating status parameters of each substation equipment and judges its real-time operating status based on the pre-constructed rules. Finally, it dynamically adjusts the communication strategy between the corresponding edge node and the host computer based on the real-time operating status of each substation equipment. This application significantly improves the reliability, efficiency, and responsiveness to abnormal situations in panoramic digital communication for coal mine substations through intelligent operating status judgment and adaptive communication strategy adjustment. It effectively solves technical problems such as delayed equipment status information updates and difficulties in fault diagnosis in existing technologies, providing strong technical support for the intelligent operation and safety assurance of coal mine substations. Attached Figure Description

[0065] Figure 1 A logical schematic diagram of a panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking, provided in this application. Figure 2This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a panoramic digital communication device for a coal mine substation based on wireless networking. Detailed Implementation

[0066] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking, including: S110: taking the communication terminal in the coal mine substation as an edge node, obtaining the historical operating status parameters of the substation equipment connected to each edge node, and constructing the corresponding operating status judgment rule for each substation equipment based on the historical operating status parameters.

[0068] S120: Obtain the real-time operating status parameters of each substation and determine the real-time operating status of each substation based on the corresponding substation operating status judgment rules.

[0069] S130: Based on the real-time operating status of each power equipment, adjust the communication strategy between the corresponding edge node and the host computer.

[0070] In the daily operation of coal mine substations, traditional wireless network communication systems face severe challenges after the introduction of large-scale new power equipment, including physical obstruction of signal transmission paths, increased electromagnetic interference, and deterioration of communication channel quality. These problems lead to packet loss, unstable network topology, and reduced data transmission efficiency, ultimately resulting in delayed updates of critical equipment status information and affecting the intelligent operation and safety assurance capabilities of coal mine substations.

[0071] In response, this application proposes a panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking. By using the communication terminals in the coal mine substation as edge nodes, the historical operating status parameters of the substation equipment connected to each edge node are obtained, and operating status judgment rules for each substation equipment are constructed based on these historical operating status parameters.

[0072] The method proposed in this application aims to optimize the communication efficiency and reliability of coal mine substations. Communication terminals are devices deployed within the coal mine substation that possess wireless communication and data processing capabilities, such as smart sensors, wireless gateways, or industrial IoT terminals. These communication terminals are assigned the role of edge nodes, meaning they are not only responsible for data collection and preliminary processing but also for decision-making at the network edge, reducing the burden on the central server. Power equipment refers to various devices in the coal mine substation used for power transmission, distribution, and control, such as transformers, high-voltage switchgear, circuit breakers, and instrument transformers. These devices are critical components of the power system's operation, and their operational status directly affects the safety and stability of the entire substation.

[0073] The method proposed in this application first uses communication terminals in coal mine substations as edge nodes. Specifically, multiple communication terminals can be deployed at various key locations in the substation, such as near transformers, high-voltage switchgear areas, and other important power equipment. The communication terminals are configured as edge nodes with data acquisition, preliminary processing, and wireless communication capabilities. For example, each communication terminal can integrate multiple sensor interfaces for connecting to different power equipment, thereby enabling real-time monitoring of the operating status parameters of the power equipment.

[0074] Historical operating status parameters of the substation equipment connected to each edge node are acquired, and operating status judgment rules are constructed for each substation based on these parameters. For example, historical parameters such as current, voltage, temperature, and vibration under different operating conditions can be collected periodically from the substation equipment. This historical data is transmitted to the edge nodes for storage and analysis. When constructing operating status judgment rules, statistical analysis methods can be used, such as calculating the mean, variance, maximum, and minimum values ​​of historical data, or machine learning algorithms, such as Support Vector Machines (SVM) and decision trees, can be used to perform pattern recognition and classification on the historical data, thereby establishing a set of rules that can distinguish between normal and abnormal operating states. For example, for a transformer, a reasonable temperature range can be set as the threshold for normal operation based on its historical oil temperature data under normal load and ambient temperature.

[0075] The system acquires real-time operating status parameters for each transformer and determines its real-time operating status based on corresponding operating status judgment rules. For example, edge nodes periodically collect current operating status parameters, such as real-time current, real-time voltage, and real-time temperature, from the transformers they connect to. These real-time parameters are then input into the previously constructed operating status judgment rules. The rules evaluate the real-time parameters according to preset logic or models to determine whether the transformer is in a normal or abnormal operating state. For example, if the real-time oil temperature exceeds a preset normal operating temperature threshold, the transformer may be judged as being in an abnormal state.

[0076] Based on the real-time operating status of each substation device, the communication strategy between the corresponding edge node and the host computer is adjusted. For example, when all substation devices are judged to be operating normally, the edge node can adopt a low-power, low-frequency communication strategy, such as sending a summary health status report to the host computer every relatively long interval (e.g., every few minutes). This strategy can effectively save wireless channel resources and the energy consumption of the edge node. However, when one or more substation devices are judged to be in an abnormal state, the edge node will immediately adjust its communication strategy, such as switching to a high-priority, high-frequency communication mode, to send detailed abnormal alarm information and real-time data streams to the host computer at a faster speed and with higher reliability. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures that important information can be transmitted in a timely and accurate manner at critical moments, avoiding potential risks caused by communication delays.

[0077] The panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking proposed in this application achieves intelligent perception and judgment of the operating status of substation equipment by using communication terminals as edge nodes. The core innovation of this method lies in its approach: it goes beyond simply collecting and transmitting data; it constructs and applies operating status judgment rules at the edge nodes, enabling localized intelligent analysis of equipment status. This introduction of edge intelligence allows communication strategies to be dynamically adjusted based on the real-time operating status of the equipment, thereby significantly improving communication efficiency and reliability.

[0078] In order to more accurately monitor the operating status of power equipment, it is necessary to clarify the types of parameters collected and the types of power equipment involved, and to explain in detail the methods for obtaining real-time operating status parameters.

[0079] Specifically, the data types of the aforementioned historical operating status parameters and the aforementioned real-time operating status parameters shall at least include: current, voltage, temperature, and switch status; the aforementioned power equipment shall at least include transformers and high-voltage switchgear.

[0080] The acquisition of real-time operating status parameters for each of the aforementioned power equipment includes:

[0081] Temperature sensors are used to acquire air temperature and oil temperature data at the location of the transformer windings.

[0082] The secondary current data of the above-mentioned transformer is obtained through a current transformer, the secondary voltage data of the above-mentioned transformer is obtained through a voltage transformer, and the above-mentioned current data and the above-mentioned voltage data are collected through an analog quantity acquisition module.

[0083] The switching status data of the aforementioned high-voltage switchgear are obtained through a digital signal acquisition module.

[0084] Among these, current, voltage, temperature, and switch status are key parameters reflecting the operating status of electrical equipment in coal mine substations. Current and voltage data directly reflect the electrical load and power supply stability of the equipment; temperature data, especially air and oil temperature data at the transformer winding location, is crucial for assessing the transformer's heat dissipation performance and insulation aging; switch status data indicates the opening and closing status of equipment such as high-voltage switchgear, serving as an important basis for determining equipment operating modes and fault conditions. These electrical equipment, such as transformers and high-voltage switchgear, are core equipment in coal mine substations, and their operating status directly affects the safety and stability of the entire substation and even the mine's power supply system. Specifically, when acquiring real-time operating status parameters for each of these electrical equipment, for transformers, temperature sensors are used to monitor air and oil temperature data at the winding location in real time to assess the transformer's heat load and cooling effect. Simultaneously, current transformers are used to acquire secondary current data, and voltage transformers are used to acquire secondary voltage data. These analog signals are then acquired and digitized by an analog acquisition module for subsequent analysis. For high-voltage switchgear, its switching status data, such as the opening and closing status of circuit breakers and disconnectors, are acquired through digital signal acquisition modules to monitor its operating mode and status in real time. These specific sensors and acquisition modules ensure comprehensive, accurate, and real-time acquisition of the operating status parameters of critical power equipment.

[0085] Based on historical operating status parameters, operating status judgment rules are constructed for each substation device, including:

[0086] Analyze historical operating status parameters to identify the inflection point values ​​of historical operating status parameters when the operating status of the power equipment changes during its historical operation. The inflection point values ​​of historical operating status parameters are the historical operating status parameter values ​​of the corresponding power equipment when its operating status changes from normal to abnormal, or from abnormal to normal.

[0087] Based on the inflection point values ​​of historical operating status parameters, determine the threshold range of changes in the operating status parameters of the substation equipment;

[0088] Based on the threshold range of changes in the operating status parameters of power equipment, establish corresponding rules for judging the operating status of power equipment.

[0089] Among them, the operation status judgment rule is used to classify the operation status of substation equipment into normal operation status and abnormal operation status based on the threshold range of change of operation status parameters.

[0090] Analyzing historical operating parameters aims to deeply explore the data information accumulated by power equipment during long-term operation. Through detailed analysis of this historical data, key moments in the transition of power equipment operating states can be identified, namely the corresponding inflection points of historical operating parameters. These inflection points are the critical points in parameters when power equipment transitions from normal operation to abnormal operation, or recovers from abnormal operation to normal operation, reflecting the inherent laws governing changes in equipment performance.

[0091] Furthermore, based on the identified inflection point values ​​of historical operating status parameters, the threshold range for changes in the operating status parameters of the substation equipment can be accurately determined. This threshold range is set according to the actual data boundaries of the equipment's transition between normal and abnormal states, providing a scientific basis for subsequent real-time operating status judgments. For example, for temperature parameters, the inflection point value may indicate the critical point of equipment overheating, thereby allowing the setting of a reasonable temperature threshold range.

[0092] Based on this, and utilizing the defined threshold ranges for changes in operating status parameters, operating status judgment rules can be established for each substation device. The core of these rules lies in comparing real-time acquired operating status parameters with preset threshold ranges to clearly classify the operating status of the substation device into normal operating status or abnormal operating status. This rule, learned and defined based on historical data, can more accurately reflect the actual operating characteristics of individual devices.

[0093] In the above implementation, after obtaining the real-time operating status parameters of each substation, it is necessary to determine the real-time operating status of each substation based on the corresponding substation operating status judgment rules.

[0094] In response, this application further proposes the following steps for obtaining real-time operating status parameters of each substation and determining the real-time operating status of each substation based on corresponding operating status judgment rules:

[0095] The real-time operating status parameters of the acquired power equipment are compared with the operating status change threshold range in the corresponding power equipment operating status judgment rules.

[0096] If the real-time operating status parameters of the power equipment are within the operating status change threshold range in the corresponding power equipment operating status judgment rules, then the real-time operating status of the power equipment is determined to be normal.

[0097] If the real-time operating status parameters of the power equipment are outside the operating status change threshold range in the corresponding power equipment operating status judgment rules, then the real-time operating status of the power equipment is determined to be abnormal.

[0098] Specifically, after acquiring the real-time operating status parameters of the power equipment, these parameters are input into a pre-built operating status judgment rule. This rule includes threshold ranges for changes in operating status parameters for different types of power equipment. For example, for power equipment such as transformers and high-voltage switchgear, parameters such as current, voltage, temperature, and switching status all have corresponding normal operating ranges. The comparison process involves comparing each real-time acquired parameter with these preset threshold ranges one by one. The operating status change threshold range is determined based on historical inflection point values ​​of operating status parameters, accurately reflecting the critical point of transition from normal to abnormal or from abnormal to normal states for the power equipment.

[0099] The proposed solution achieves rapid and objective assessment of the operating status of power equipment by directly comparing real-time operating status parameters with threshold ranges in preset operating status judgment rules. When real-time parameters fall within the threshold range, it indicates that all indicators of the power equipment are within a safe and stable operating range, and is therefore judged as being in a normal state. Conversely, if any real-time parameter exceeds its corresponding threshold range, it means that the power equipment may have a potential fault or abnormality, and is thus judged as being in an abnormal state. This threshold comparison-based judgment mechanism avoids errors from subjective judgment and ensures the accuracy and consistency of status assessment.

[0100] This application proposes a communication strategy between edge nodes and the host computer based on the real-time operating status of power equipment. However, in its implementation, if the communication strategy for different operating states is not carefully differentiated, it may lead to wasted communication resources or untimely transmission of critical anomaly information. For example, if the same communication strategy as in the abnormal state is used when all power equipment is operating normally, it will increase unnecessary communication overhead; conversely, if the communication strategy is not adjusted in time to ensure reliable transmission of anomaly information when an anomaly occurs, it may delay fault handling.

[0101] In response, this application further proposes a method for adjusting the communication strategy between the corresponding edge node and the host computer based on the real-time operating status of each power equipment, specifically including:

[0102] When the real-time operating status of all power equipment is determined to be normal, the communication strategy between the edge node and the host computer is set to send the corresponding power equipment normal status information to the host computer using the first preset communication strategy.

[0103] The first preset communication strategy is a communication strategy in which the edge node sends the corresponding substation health status information to the host computer at a first time interval.

[0104] When the real-time operating status of one of the power equipment is determined to be abnormal, the communication strategy between the edge node and the host computer is set to send the corresponding power equipment abnormal status information to the host computer using the second preset communication strategy.

[0105] The second preset communication strategy is to set a communication strategy for the edge node to send abnormal status information of the substation to the host computer based on the communication link quality of wireless communication between the edge node and the host computer, the communication link quality of wireless communication between the edge node and neighboring edge nodes, and the severity of abnormal status information of the substation.

[0106] Specifically, when the real-time operating status of all electrical equipment in the coal mine substation is determined to be normal, the edge node will send the corresponding normal status information of the electrical equipment to the host computer using a first preset communication strategy. This first preset communication strategy can be understood as a regular, periodic communication mode, the purpose of which is to send the health status information of the electrical equipment to the host computer at regular intervals. For example, this first interval can be set to a relatively long period, such as sending every few minutes or hours, to meet the needs of daily monitoring and data archiving, while avoiding resource waste caused by frequent communication.

[0107] Furthermore, when the real-time operating status of any electrical equipment in the coal mine substation is determined to be abnormal, the edge node will immediately adjust its communication strategy and send the corresponding abnormal status information of the electrical equipment to the host computer using a second preset communication strategy. This second preset communication strategy is a more flexible and robust communication mode, and its settings comprehensively consider various factors, including the communication link quality between the edge node and the host computer, the communication link quality between the edge node and its neighboring edge nodes, and the severity of the abnormal status information of the electrical equipment. Its purpose is to ensure that abnormal information is transmitted to the host computer with higher priority and in a more reliable manner, so as to facilitate timely fault diagnosis and handling. For example, when the communication link quality is poor or the severity of the abnormal information is high, the second preset communication strategy may adopt more aggressive transmission methods, such as increasing the number of retransmissions, selecting a better path, or adjusting transmission parameters.

[0108] Assume a coal mine substation is equipped with multiple edge nodes, each connected to several electrical devices. Specifically, when the real-time operating status of all electrical devices (e.g., transformers and high-voltage switchgear) connected to an edge node is determined to be normal, the edge node will send the normal status information of the electrical devices to the host computer using a first preset communication strategy. For example, the edge node can be set to send a summary of the health status of all connected electrical devices to the host computer every 5 minutes. This information is small in size and has a low transmission priority to save communication resources. As a specific implementation, suppose that at a certain moment, the oil temperature data of a transformer connected to an edge node suddenly exceeds the preset operating status parameter change threshold range, thus being judged as an abnormal state. At this time, the edge node will immediately stop sending regular health status information and switch to a second preset communication strategy. The edge node will first assess the quality of the wireless communication link between itself and the host computer, such as detecting signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio. Simultaneously, it will analyze the severity of the transformer's abnormal state information; for example, if excessively high oil temperature may cause equipment damage, the severity level is high. Based on these assessment results, the edge node will dynamically adjust its communication behavior. For example, if the quality of the direct link is poor, the edge node may try to forward the message through its neighboring edge node (if the neighboring edge node has a better communication link with the host computer), or increase the number of retransmissions of the abnormal information, and may adjust the spreading factor and coding rate parameters in the wireless communication protocol to ensure that the emergency abnormal information can be transmitted to the host computer in the fastest and most reliable way, thereby triggering the host computer's alarm and subsequent processing procedures.

[0109] This application further proposes a specific implementation method for the second preset communication strategy, which aims to improve the reliability and adaptability of abnormal state information transmission by optimizing information transmission, multi-path redundant transmission and retransmission mechanism.

[0110] The second preset communication strategy includes:

[0111] The first communication link quality parameter between the edge node and the host computer is obtained, the first comparison result between the first communication link quality parameter and the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold is determined, and the information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer is adjusted based on the first comparison result.

[0112] Acquire and compare the second communication link quality parameters between the edge node and multiple neighboring edge nodes. Based on the second comparison result of the second communication link quality parameters between the edge node and each neighboring edge node, adjust the multipath redundancy information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer.

[0113] When the transmission of abnormal status information of substation equipment by the edge node fails, the edge node analyzes the channel quality and the abnormal status information of the substation equipment, and adjusts the retransmission optimization strategy between the edge node and the host computer.

[0114] Specifically, acquiring the first communication link quality parameters between the edge node and the host computer can be understood as the edge node monitoring the performance indicators of its wireless communication link with the host computer in real time, such as signal strength indicator (RSSI), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and bit error rate (BER). These parameters directly reflect the current quality status of the communication link. Determining the first comparison result between the first communication link quality parameters and a first preset communication link quality parameter threshold means comparing the real-time acquired link quality parameters with the preset threshold to determine whether the link quality meets the transmission requirements. For example, when the signal strength indicator or the signal-to-noise ratio is lower than the preset threshold, the link quality is considered poor. Adjusting the information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer based on the first comparison result aims to enhance the robustness of data transmission by adjusting the transmission parameters when the link quality is poor. For example, the spreading factor and coding rate parameters in the wireless communication protocol can be modified to improve the anti-interference capability of data transmission; or the transmission power of the wireless communication mechanism attached to the edge node can be increased to enhance the signal coverage and penetration capability; or the abnormal status information of the substation equipment to be transmitted can be divided into multiple sub-information and transmitted in segments to reduce the risk of single transmission failure.

[0115] The acquisition and comparison of second communication link quality parameters between an edge node and multiple neighboring edge nodes refers to the edge node periodically or on demand probing the wireless communication link quality between itself and its surrounding neighboring edge nodes, for example, by measuring the signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio of neighboring nodes. Based on the second comparison results of the second communication link quality parameters between the edge node and each neighboring edge node, the multi-path redundancy information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer is adjusted. The purpose is to utilize multiple paths in the network to improve the reliability of abnormal status information transmission. Specifically, the edge node can select one or more neighboring edge nodes with the best communication link quality as redundant transmission paths according to the comparison results. When the edge node transmits abnormal status information of substation equipment to the host computer, in addition to direct transmission, it can also simultaneously transmit to these neighboring edge nodes with the best communication link quality, which will then assist in forwarding the information to the host computer. This achieves multi-path redundancy transmission of abnormal status information, effectively avoiding communication interruptions caused by single-point failures.

[0116] In practical applications, when the transmission of abnormal status information of substation equipment by an edge node fails, the edge node analyzes the channel quality and the severity of the abnormal status information. Based on this analysis, it adjusts the retransmission optimization strategy between the edge node and the host computer. The aim is to avoid blind retransmission after a transmission failure and instead make intelligent retransmission decisions based on the actual situation. Channel quality analysis can be performed based on real-time acquired first communication link quality parameters. The severity of the abnormal status information can be obtained by analyzing its specific content, such as by setting a threshold based on the number of abnormal substation equipment connected to the current edge node; the more abnormal equipment, the higher the severity level. Adjusting the retransmission optimization strategy can include dynamically adjusting the retransmission waiting time and the number of retransmissions. For example, if the channel quality is extremely poor, a longer first preset time can be waited before retransmission to allow for channel improvement; if the channel quality is acceptable but not optimal, a shorter second preset time can be waited before retransmission. Meanwhile, for abnormal information with a high severity level, more first preset retransmissions can be set to ensure the delivery of critical information; for abnormal information with a low severity level, fewer second preset retransmissions can be set to save communication resources.

[0117] In an embodiment of this application, it is assumed that a transformer in a coal mine substation is deemed to be in abnormal operation due to excessively high winding temperature. At this time, the edge node connected to the transformer needs to send the transformer's abnormal status information to the host computer.

[0118] First, the edge node acquires the first communication link quality parameters between itself and the host computer, such as signal strength indication parameters and signal-to-noise ratio parameters. If the signal strength indication parameter is detected to be lower than the signal strength indication parameter threshold in the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold, it indicates that the current link quality is poor, and the edge node immediately adjusts its information transmission strategy. For example, the edge node adjusts the coding rate parameter in its wireless communication protocol from a high coding rate to a low coding rate to increase data redundancy and improve anti-interference capability; or, it increases the transmit power of its wireless communication mechanism to enhance signal coverage.

[0119] Simultaneously, the edge node acquires and compares the quality parameters of its second communication link with multiple neighboring edge nodes. Assume the edge node identifies the communication link quality between its neighboring edge node and the host computer as optimal. In this case, when the edge node sends abnormal transformer status information to the host computer, it simultaneously transmits the same abnormal status information to its neighboring edge nodes, achieving multi-path redundancy transmission. Even if the direct link between the edge node and the host computer is interrupted due to sudden interference, the neighboring edge node can still forward the abnormal information to the host computer, ensuring information delivery.

[0120] Furthermore, if the transmission of transformer abnormal status information by the edge node fails, the edge node will pause transmission and store the abnormal information in its local cache. Subsequently, the edge node will analyze the current channel quality (i.e., the first communication link quality parameter) and the severity of the transformer abnormal status information. Assuming the transformer temperature anomaly is classified as high severity, if the current channel quality remains poor (e.g., the first communication link quality parameter is less than a second preset communication link quality parameter threshold), the edge node will wait a relatively long first preset duration before retransmitting, hoping to improve channel conditions. Simultaneously, due to the high severity level of the abnormal information, the edge node will set a high first preset number of retransmissions (e.g., 5 times) to ensure that the critical abnormal information can ultimately be successfully transmitted to the host computer. In this way, the solution of this application can intelligently optimize the communication strategy according to the actual communication environment and the urgency of the abnormal situation, thereby ensuring the reliable and efficient transmission of abnormal status information of the power equipment.

[0121] In specific embodiments of this application, in order to effectively adjust the information transmission strategy between edge nodes and host computers, it is necessary to accurately assess and judge the quality of the communication link.

[0122] To address this, this application further proposes obtaining a first communication link quality parameter between the edge node and the host computer, determining a first comparison result between the first communication link quality parameter and a first preset communication link quality parameter threshold, and adjusting the information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer based on the first comparison result, including:

[0123] Obtain the first communication link quality parameters between the edge node and the host computer; wherein, the first communication link quality parameters include signal strength indication parameters and signal-to-noise ratio parameters;

[0124] A first comparison result is obtained by comparing the first communication link quality parameters with a first preset communication link quality parameter threshold; wherein, the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold includes a signal strength indication parameter threshold and a signal-to-noise ratio parameter threshold.

[0125] If the first comparison result indicates that the signal strength indicator parameter is less than the signal strength indicator parameter threshold, or the signal-to-noise ratio parameter is less than the signal-to-noise ratio parameter threshold, then a link quality difference is determined between the edge node and the host computer, and the information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer is adjusted; where,

[0126] The adjustment methods for information transmission strategies include at least one of the following:

[0127] The abnormal status information of power equipment sent from the edge node to the host computer is divided into multiple sub-information messages;

[0128] Modify the spreading factor and coding rate parameters in the wireless communication protocol between the edge node and the host computer;

[0129] Increase the transmit power of the wireless communication mechanisms attached to the edge nodes.

[0130] Specifically, the first communication link quality parameter refers to the metric used to measure the performance of the wireless communication link between the edge node and the host computer. This parameter can include signal strength indicator and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameter. The signal strength indicator reflects the power of the received signal, while the SNR parameter reflects the strength of the signal relative to noise and is a key indicator for measuring communication quality. These parameters can be obtained in real time through the wireless communication module inside the edge node.

[0131] The first preset communication link quality parameter threshold is a pre-set reference value used to judge the quality of the communication link. This threshold may include a signal strength indicator parameter threshold and a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameter threshold. For example, when the signal strength indicator parameter is lower than a certain preset threshold, it may indicate severe signal attenuation; when the SNR parameter is lower than a certain preset threshold, it may indicate excessive channel noise. These thresholds can be set and optimized based on the wireless communication characteristics of the actual coal mine environment, equipment performance requirements, and empirical data.

[0132] In practical applications, a first comparison result can be obtained by comparing the acquired first communication link quality parameter with a first preset communication link quality parameter threshold. If the comparison result shows that the signal strength indicator parameter is less than the signal strength indicator parameter threshold, or the signal-to-noise ratio parameter is less than the signal-to-noise ratio parameter threshold, it can be determined that the wireless communication link quality between the current edge node and the host computer is poor.

[0133] Therefore, when poor link quality is determined, the information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer needs to be adjusted. The adjustment of the information transmission strategy can include various methods, such as:

[0134] 1. Divide the abnormal status information of substation equipment sent from edge nodes to the host computer into multiple sub-information messages. By splitting large blocks of data into smaller blocks, the probability of single transmission failure can be reduced and retransmission efficiency can be improved.

[0135] 2. Modify the spreading factor and coding rate parameters in the wireless communication protocol between the edge node and the host computer. Increasing the spreading factor parameter can improve the signal's anti-interference capability, while decreasing the coding rate parameter (i.e., increasing redundancy information) can enhance the data's error correction capability, thereby improving transmission reliability under harsh channel conditions.

[0136] 3. Increase the transmit power of the wireless communication mechanisms attached to edge nodes. Increasing transmit power can effectively improve signal strength during transmission, thereby improving the signal strength indication parameters and signal-to-noise ratio parameters at the receiving end, and thus improving the quality of the communication link.

[0137] Although the second preset communication strategy proposes adjusting the multi-path redundant information transmission strategy between edge nodes and the host computer to enhance the reliability of abnormal status information transmission, the quality of wireless communication links may fluctuate significantly in actual coal mine environments. Simply implementing multi-path redundant transmission without fully considering the actual communication quality of each path may result in poor transmission performance of redundant paths or even waste of network resources. If these problems are not addressed, information loss or delay may occur during critical abnormal status information transmission due to insufficient quality of redundant paths, affecting the safe operation and timely response of coal mine substations. Therefore, this application further proposes a method to optimize the multi-path redundant information transmission strategy. By evaluating the communication link quality of neighboring edge nodes, the optimal path is selected for redundant transmission, thereby significantly improving the reliability of abnormal status information transmission.

[0138] To address this, this application further proposes obtaining and comparing second communication link quality parameters between an edge node and multiple neighboring edge nodes. Based on the second comparison result of the second communication link quality parameters between the edge node and each neighboring edge node, the multi-path redundancy information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer is adjusted, specifically including:

[0139] Select the neighboring edge nodes of the current edge node and obtain the second communication link quality parameters between the current edge node and each neighboring edge node; wherein, the neighboring edge node is an edge node set within a specified distance range of the current edge node and has established a wireless communication connection with the host computer;

[0140] By comparing the second communication link quality parameters between the current edge node and each neighboring edge node, the neighboring edge node with the best communication link quality is determined.

[0141] When the current edge node transmits abnormal status information of the substation equipment to the host computer, it also transmits it to one or more neighboring edge nodes with the best communication link quality, thereby realizing multi-path redundant transmission of abnormal status information of the substation equipment.

[0142] Specifically, neighboring edge nodes can be understood as communication terminals located near the physical location of the current edge node, capable of wireless communication with it, and having the ability to establish wireless communication connections with a host computer. These neighboring edge nodes are typically deployed within a specified distance range of the current edge node to ensure the reliability of their wireless communication links. The specified distance range can be adjusted based on the characteristics of the coal mine environment, wireless communication technology standards, and actual deployment requirements; for example, it can be set to 50 meters, 100 meters, or even further, as long as effective wireless communication is guaranteed. The second communication link quality parameter refers to indicators used to measure the quality of the wireless communication link between the current edge node and its neighboring edge nodes. These parameters may include Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Bit Error Rate (BER), or Packet Loss Rate. These parameters objectively reflect the transmission performance of the wireless channel. In practical applications, by comparing the second communication link quality parameters between the current edge node and each neighboring edge node, various methods can be used to determine the neighboring edge node with the optimal communication link quality. For example, one or more thresholds can be set, and the second communication link quality parameters can be compared with the thresholds to select neighboring nodes whose parameters are all better than the thresholds. Alternatively, different second communication link quality parameters can be weighted, a comprehensive score can be calculated, and the neighboring node with the highest score can be selected. The neighboring edge node with the best communication link quality refers to one or more nodes among all available neighboring edge nodes whose wireless communication link quality with the current edge node reaches the best level. Therefore, when the current edge node needs to transmit abnormal status information of the substation equipment to the host computer, in addition to transmitting it directly to the host computer, it will also simultaneously transmit the abnormal status information to one or more of these neighboring edge nodes with the best communication link quality. After receiving the abnormal status information, these neighboring edge nodes will forward it to the host computer, thus forming multi-path redundant transmission.

[0143] Assume there are edge nodes A, B, C, and D in a coal mine substation. Edge node A is the node that needs to transmit abnormal status information of the substation equipment. Edge nodes B, C, and D are all located within a specified distance of edge node A and have established wireless communication connections with the host computer; therefore, they are neighboring edge nodes of edge node A. First, edge node A will actively or passively acquire the quality parameters of the second communication link with edge nodes B, C, and D. For example, edge node A can periodically measure the signal strength indication parameters and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameters with B, C, and D. Assume the measurement results are as follows: the signal strength indication parameter between edge node A and edge node B is -70dBm, and the SNR parameter is 25dB; the signal strength indication parameter between edge node A and edge node C is -65dBm, and the SNR parameter is 28dB; the signal strength indication parameter between edge node A and edge node D is -80dBm, and the SNR parameter is 18dB. By comparing these second communication link quality parameters, it can be determined that the communication link quality between edge node C and edge node A is optimal (highest signal strength and highest signal-to-noise ratio). When edge node A detects an anomaly in the substation equipment it is connected to and needs to send the equipment's abnormal status information to the host computer, edge node A will perform the following operations: directly send the equipment's abnormal status information to the host computer; simultaneously, transmit the equipment's abnormal status information to its neighboring edge node C, which has the optimal communication link quality. After receiving the information, edge node C will forward it to the host computer. In this way, even if the direct communication link between edge node A and the host computer is temporarily interrupted or degraded due to interference or other reasons, the host computer can still receive the abnormal status information through edge node C, thereby achieving multi-path redundant transmission of equipment abnormal status information and greatly improving the reliability of information transmission.

[0144] When the transmission of abnormal status information from power equipment fails, the technical solution of this invention can adjust the retransmission optimization strategy by analyzing channel quality and the severity of the abnormal status information. However, it lacks a detailed explanation of how to specifically and adaptively implement this adjustment to cope with the complex and ever-changing wireless communication environment and abnormal situations of varying urgency. This may result in an inflexible retransmission strategy, failing to effectively optimize communication resource utilization while ensuring information reliability, and potentially even delaying the timely delivery of critical abnormal information, thereby affecting the rapid response and safe operation of coal mine substations.

[0145] In response, this application further proposes that when the transmission of abnormal status information of substation equipment fails at the edge node, the edge node analyzes the channel quality and the severity of the abnormal status information of the substation equipment, and adjusts the retransmission optimization strategy between the edge node and the host computer based on the analyzed channel quality and the severity of the abnormal status information of the substation equipment, including:

[0146] When the transmission of abnormal status information of substation equipment by the edge node fails, the transmission is paused and the abnormal status information of substation equipment is stored in the local cache by the edge node.

[0147] The edge node acquires and analyzes the quality parameters of the first communication link between the current edge node and the host computer and the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment; wherein, the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment is obtained by analyzing the abnormal status information of the power equipment, and is set according to the number of power equipment with abnormal operating status connected to the current edge node, and the number of power equipment with abnormal operating status is equal to the value of the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment.

[0148] If the first communication link quality parameter between the current edge node and the host computer is less than the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold, then the current edge node is controlled to wait for a first preset time before retransmitting the data; wherein, the second signal strength indication parameter threshold in the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold is less than the first signal strength indication parameter threshold in the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold, or the second signal-to-noise ratio parameter in the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold is less than the first signal-to-noise ratio parameter threshold in the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold;

[0149] If the quality parameter of the first communication link between the current edge node and the host computer is greater than the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold but less than the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold, then the current edge node is controlled to wait for the second preset duration before retransmitting the data; wherein, the first preset duration is greater than the second preset duration; when the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment is higher than the first preset severity level threshold of the abnormal status information of the power equipment, the number of times the current edge node retransmits the abnormal status information of the power equipment to the host computer is set to the first preset number of retransmissions;

[0150] When the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment is lower than the first preset threshold for the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment, the number of times the current edge node retransmits the abnormal status information of the power equipment to the host computer is set to the second preset number of retransmissions; wherein, the first preset number of retransmissions is greater than the second preset number of retransmissions.

[0151] Specifically, when the transmission of abnormal status information of substation equipment by the edge node fails, the current transmission operation is first paused, and the abnormal status information is temporarily stored in a local cache. This is to avoid blindly retransmitting under poor channel conditions, thereby reducing unnecessary network load and providing a buffer for subsequent optimized retransmissions. The severity level of the abnormal status information is a key indicator for measuring the urgency of the abnormal situation. This level is obtained by analyzing the abnormal status information, and its value is directly related to the number of substation equipment in the coal mine substation with abnormal operating conditions. For example, the more abnormal substation equipment there are, the higher the severity level of the abnormal status information, indicating a more urgent situation. The first communication link quality parameter is used to evaluate the channel conditions of wireless communication between the edge node and the host computer.

[0152] The second preset communication link quality parameter threshold and the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold are reference values ​​used to classify channel quality levels. Specifically, the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold represents a channel condition worse than the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold. For example, the second signal strength indicator parameter threshold is less than the first signal strength indicator parameter threshold, or the second signal-to-noise ratio parameter is less than the first signal-to-noise ratio parameter threshold. The first preset duration and the second preset duration are the waiting time before retransmission, where the first preset duration is longer than the second preset duration. This means that when the channel quality is extremely poor (less than the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold), a longer waiting time will be taken in order to improve the channel conditions; while when the channel quality is average (greater than the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold and less than the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold), a relatively shorter waiting time will be taken before retransmission. The first preset retransmission count and the second preset retransmission count are the maximum allowed retransmission count, where the first preset retransmission count is greater than the second preset retransmission count. When the severity level of abnormal status information is high (above the first preset threshold for the severity level of abnormal status information of substation), more retransmissions will be allowed to ensure the reliable delivery of critical information; conversely, when the severity level is low, the number of retransmissions will be reduced to avoid excessive resource consumption.

[0153] This application's solution first buffers the information when abnormal status information transmission fails, and then dynamically adjusts the retransmission strategy by comprehensively analyzing channel quality and the severity level of the abnormal information. Specifically, when the channel quality is extremely poor, the system extends the waiting time (first preset duration) to avoid invalid retransmissions under poor channel conditions, thereby reducing resource waste and waiting for channel conditions to improve. When the channel quality is slightly better but still not ideal, a shorter waiting time (second preset duration) is used to balance retransmission efficiency and the possibility of channel recovery. Simultaneously, by setting different retransmission counts based on the severity level of the abnormal status information, high-priority, high-severity abnormal information is ensured to receive more retransmission opportunities, significantly improving its delivery reliability, while low-severity information avoids unnecessary multiple retransmissions, optimizing network resource utilization. This adaptive retransmission mechanism enables edge nodes to intelligently optimize retransmission behavior based on the actual communication environment and information importance, thereby improving the robustness and efficiency of the entire communication system.

[0154] Suppose that in a coal mine substation, an edge node detects a severe overload on a transformer, causing its operating status to be determined as abnormal, and generates corresponding abnormal status information for the substation equipment. When the edge node attempts to send this abnormal status information to the host computer, the first transmission fails due to sudden electromagnetic interference.

[0155] At this point, the edge node immediately pauses transmission and stores the abnormal status information in its local cache. Subsequently, the edge node obtains the quality parameters of the first communication link between itself and the host computer, such as signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio. Simultaneously, the system analyzes the abnormal status information and determines that transformer overload is a high-severity event. Therefore, it sets the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment to a high value, such as level 5 (assuming the first preset threshold for the severity level of abnormal status information of the power equipment is 3).

[0156] If the edge node detects that the first communication link quality parameter (e.g., signal strength indicator parameter) is less than the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold (indicating extremely poor channel quality), the edge node will wait for a first preset duration (e.g., 5 seconds) before attempting to retransmit. During this period, the channel conditions may improve.

[0157] If the first communication link quality parameter is detected to be greater than the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold but less than the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold (indicating that the channel quality is average), the edge node will wait for the second preset duration (e.g., 2 seconds, less than 5 seconds) before retransmitting in order to respond faster.

[0158] Since the severity level of the abnormal status information is 5, which is higher than the first preset threshold of 3 for the severity level of abnormal status information of substation equipment, the edge node will set the number of retransmissions to the first preset number of retransmissions (e.g., 5 times) to ensure the reliable delivery of the critical abnormal information to the greatest extent.

[0159] In this way, the solution proposed in this application can intelligently adjust the retransmission strategy according to the actual channel conditions and the urgency of the abnormal information, thereby optimizing the utilization of communication resources while ensuring information reliability.

[0160] like Figure 2 As shown, this application proposes a panoramic digital communication system for coal mine substations based on wireless networking, comprising:

[0161] The operation status judgment rule construction module 210 is used to take the communication terminal in the coal mine substation as an edge node, obtain the historical operation status parameters of the substation connected to each edge node, and construct the operation status judgment rule corresponding to each substation based on the historical operation status parameters.

[0162] The real-time operation status judgment module 220 is used to obtain the real-time operation status parameters of each substation and judge the real-time operation status of each substation based on the corresponding substation operation status judgment rules.

[0163] The communication adjustment module 230 is used to adjust the communication strategy between the corresponding edge node and the host computer based on the real-time operating status of each substation.

[0164] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking, characterized in that, include: The communication terminal in the coal mine substation is used as an edge node. The historical operating status parameters of the substation equipment connected to each edge node are obtained. Based on the historical operating status parameters, the operating status judgment rule corresponding to each substation equipment is constructed. The real-time operating status parameters of each of the substations are obtained, and the real-time operating status of each of the substations is determined based on the corresponding operating status judgment rules. Based on the real-time operating status of each of the aforementioned power equipment, the communication strategy between the corresponding edge nodes and the host computer is adjusted.

2. The panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data types of the historical operating status parameters and the real-time operating status parameters include at least: current, voltage, temperature, and switch status; the power equipment includes at least transformers and high-voltage switchgear; wherein, Obtain the real-time operating status parameters of each of the aforementioned power equipment, including: Temperature sensors are used to acquire air temperature and oil temperature data at the location of the transformer windings. The secondary current data of the transformer is obtained through a current transformer, the secondary voltage data of the transformer is obtained through a voltage transformer, and the secondary current data and the secondary voltage data are collected through an analog acquisition module. The switching status data of the high-voltage switchgear is acquired through a digital signal acquisition module.

3. The panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the historical operating status parameters, operating status judgment rules are constructed for each substation device, including: Analyze the historical operating status parameters to identify the inflection point values ​​of the historical operating status parameters when the operating status of the power equipment changes during its historical operation; wherein, the inflection point value of the historical operating status parameter is the historical operating status parameter value of the power equipment when its operating status changes from normal to abnormal, or from abnormal to normal. Based on the inflection point values ​​of the historical operating status parameters, the threshold range of changes in the operating status parameters of the substation is determined; Based on the threshold range of changes in the operating status parameters of power equipment, corresponding rules for judging the operating status of power equipment are established; among them... The operating status judgment rule is used to classify the operating status of the substation into normal operating status and abnormal operating status based on the threshold range of the operating status parameter change.

4. The panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking according to claim 3, characterized in that, Obtain the real-time operating status parameters of each of the aforementioned power equipment, and determine the real-time operating status of each of the aforementioned power equipment based on the corresponding power status operating status judgment rules, including: The real-time operating status parameters of the acquired power equipment are compared with the operating status change threshold range in the corresponding power equipment operating status judgment rules. If the real-time operating status parameters of the power equipment are within the operating status change threshold range in the corresponding operating status judgment rule of the power equipment, then the real-time operating status of the power equipment is determined to be normal. If the real-time operating status parameters of the power equipment are outside the operating status change threshold range in the corresponding power equipment operating status judgment rules, then the real-time operating status of the power equipment is determined to be abnormal.

5. A panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the real-time operating status of each of the aforementioned power equipment, the communication strategy between the corresponding edge nodes and the host computer is adjusted, including: When the real-time operating status of all power equipment is determined to be normal, the communication strategy between the edge node and the host computer is set to send the corresponding power equipment normal status information to the host computer using the first preset communication strategy. The first preset communication strategy is a communication strategy in which the edge node sends the corresponding substation health status information to the host computer at a first time interval. When the real-time operating status of one of the power equipment is determined to be abnormal, the communication strategy between the edge node and the host computer is set to send the corresponding power equipment abnormal status information to the host computer using the second preset communication strategy. The second preset communication strategy is a communication strategy for edge nodes to send abnormal status information of substations to the host computer based on the communication link quality between edge nodes and host computer, the communication link quality between edge nodes and neighboring edge nodes, and abnormal status information of substations.

6. A panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second preset communication strategy includes: The first communication link quality parameter between the edge node and the host computer is obtained, the first comparison result between the first communication link quality parameter and the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold is determined, and the information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer is adjusted based on the first comparison result. Acquire and compare the second communication link quality parameters between the edge node and multiple neighboring edge nodes, and adjust the multipath redundancy information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer based on the second comparison result of the second communication link quality parameters between the edge node and each neighboring edge node. When the transmission of abnormal status information of substation equipment by the edge node fails, the edge node analyzes the channel quality and the abnormal status information of the substation equipment, and adjusts the retransmission optimization strategy between the edge node and the host computer.

7. A panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking according to claim 6, characterized in that, Acquire first communication link quality parameters between the edge node and the host computer, determine a first comparison result between the first communication link quality parameters and a first preset communication link quality parameter threshold, and adjust the information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer based on the first comparison result, including: Obtain the first communication link quality parameters between the edge node and the host computer; wherein, the first communication link quality parameters include signal strength indication parameters and signal-to-noise ratio parameters; The first communication link quality parameter is compared with a first preset communication link quality parameter threshold to obtain the first comparison result; wherein, the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold includes a signal strength indication parameter threshold and a signal-to-noise ratio parameter threshold; If the first comparison result indicates that the signal strength indication parameter is less than the signal strength indication parameter threshold, or the signal-to-noise ratio parameter is less than the signal-to-noise ratio parameter threshold, then a link quality difference is determined between the edge node and the host computer, and the information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer is adjusted; wherein, The adjustment method of the information transmission strategy includes at least one of the following adjustment methods: The abnormal status information of power equipment sent from the edge node to the host computer is divided into multiple sub-information messages; Modify the spreading factor and coding rate parameters in the wireless communication protocol between the edge node and the host computer; Increase the transmit power of the wireless communication mechanisms attached to the edge nodes.

8. A panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking according to claim 6, characterized in that, Acquire and compare the second communication link quality parameters between the edge node and multiple neighboring edge nodes. Based on the second comparison result of the second communication link quality parameters between the edge node and each neighboring edge node, adjust the multi-path redundancy information transmission strategy between the edge node and the host computer, including: Select the neighboring edge nodes of the current edge node and obtain the second communication link quality parameters between the current edge node and each neighboring edge node; wherein, the neighboring edge node is an edge node set within a specified distance range of the current edge node and has established a wireless communication connection with the host computer; By comparing the second communication link quality parameters between the current edge node and each neighboring edge node, the neighboring edge node with the best communication link quality is determined. When the current edge node transmits the abnormal status information of the substation equipment to the host computer, it also transmits it to one or more neighboring edge nodes with the best communication link quality, thereby realizing multi-path redundant transmission of the abnormal status information of the substation equipment.

9. A panoramic digital communication method for coal mine substations based on wireless networking according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the transmission of abnormal status information of the substation equipment by the edge node fails, the edge node analyzes the channel quality and the abnormal status information of the substation equipment, and adjusts the retransmission optimization strategy between the edge node and the host computer, including: When the transmission of abnormal status information of the substation equipment by the edge node fails, the transmission is paused and the abnormal status information of the substation equipment is stored in the local cache by the edge node. The edge node acquires and analyzes the quality parameters of the first communication link between the current edge node and the host computer and the abnormal status information of the power equipment to determine the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment; wherein, the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment is set according to the number of power equipment connected to the current edge node with abnormal operating status, and the number of power equipment with abnormal operating status is equal to the value of the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment. If the first communication link quality parameter between the current edge node and the host computer is less than the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold, then the current edge node is controlled to wait for a first preset time before retransmitting the data; wherein, the second signal strength indication parameter threshold in the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold is less than the first signal strength indication parameter threshold in the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold, or the second signal-to-noise ratio parameter in the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold is less than the first signal-to-noise ratio parameter threshold in the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold; If the quality parameter of the first communication link between the current edge node and the host computer is greater than the second preset communication link quality parameter threshold but less than the first preset communication link quality parameter threshold, then the current edge node is controlled to wait for the second preset duration before retransmitting the data; wherein, the first preset duration is greater than the second preset duration. When the severity level of the abnormal state information of the power equipment is higher than the first preset threshold for the severity level of the abnormal state information of the power equipment, the number of times the current edge node retransmits the abnormal state information of the power equipment to the host computer is set to the first preset number of retransmissions. When the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment is lower than the first preset threshold for the severity level of the abnormal status information of the power equipment, the number of times the current edge node retransmits the abnormal status information of the power equipment to the host computer is set to the second preset number of retransmissions; wherein, the first preset number of retransmissions is greater than the second preset number of retransmissions.

10. A panoramic digital communication system for coal mine substations based on wireless networking, characterized in that, include: The operation status judgment rule construction module is used to take the communication terminal in the coal mine substation as the edge node, obtain the historical operation status parameters of the substation equipment connected to each edge node, and construct the operation status judgment rule corresponding to each substation equipment based on the historical operation status parameters. The real-time operating status judgment module is used to obtain the real-time operating status parameters of each of the substations and, based on the corresponding operating status judgment rules, judge the real-time operating status of each of the substations. The communication adjustment module is used to adjust the communication strategy between the corresponding edge node and the host computer based on the real-time operating status of each of the aforementioned power equipment.

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