Vehicle-mounted refrigerator fan motor

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of vehicle refrigerator fan motors, it is related to the technical field of automobile electric appliance.The motor is permanent magnet brush DC motor, including armature portion, stator portion and CS end cover portion.Adjusting washer, rubber washer and E-ring cooperation control axial movement and vibration damping are used in armature portion;Ferrite permanent magnet is used in stator portion, and shock-absorbing aluminum plate is arranged to prevent damage;CS end cover portion is fixed by rubber pad and snap ring to realize PCB shock-absorbing, copper terminal is bent and formed with riveting process in carbon brush support, and double inductance filter and optimized capacitor are arranged to improve EMC performance, and carbon brush adopts offset angle and point contact design.The application has simple structure, low cost, small electromagnetic noise, excellent EMC performance, controllable axial movement, high reliability, can complete low-cost replacement of existing motor without increasing mold cost, and is suitable for vehicle refrigerator forced convection and heat dissipation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automotive electrical technology, and in particular relates to a motor for a car refrigerator fan. Background Technology

[0002] Since the beginning of the 21st century, car culture has become increasingly popular, and self-driving tours and outdoor camping have become common lifestyles. Users' needs for in-car refrigeration equipment have evolved from simple "cooling boxes" to "portable refrigerators." Traditional in-car refrigerators rely on natural convection, where cold air flows slowly within the refrigerator compartment, resulting in uneven cooling and low efficiency. To address this, the industry has introduced fan motors to create forced convection, driving a circulating fan to accelerate the diffusion of cold air, improving cooling efficiency and reducing wind noise.

[0003] Meanwhile, the compressor or thermoelectric refrigeration module generates a large amount of heat during operation. Poor heat dissipation can lead to decreased refrigeration efficiency or even failure. Therefore, a fan needs to be added next to the condenser or thermoelectric module for forced heat dissipation to maintain the refrigeration cycle. Existing fan motors mostly use brushed DC motors to ensure airflow and control costs.

[0004] However, the automotive industry is highly competitive, with increasingly fierce price competition and enormous pressure on component costs. In order to meet the low-cost replacement needs of specific models (such as Japanese small cars), there is an urgent need to develop a vehicle refrigerator fan motor with a simpler structure, lower cost, less electromagnetic noise, better EMC performance, better axial movement control, and higher reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted refrigerator fan motor to solve existing problems.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention relates to a vehicle-mounted refrigerator fan motor, which is a permanent magnet brushed DC motor, comprising an armature part, a stator part, and a CS end cover part.

[0007] The armature portion includes a shaft, an oil baffle cap, adjusting shims, rubber shims, an E-ring, an insulating end cap, a rotor core, enameled wire, and a commutator. The adjusting shims and rubber shims are arranged from the inside out on both sides of the shaft's circumferential surface. At the tail end of the shaft, above the adjusting shims and rubber shims, the oil baffle cap, the E-ring, the commutator, the rotor core, and the insulating end cap are sequentially arranged. The enameled wire is mounted on the rotor core. When current is reversed by the commutator and flows through the enameled wire and rotor core, it generates an armature magnetic field, which drives the shaft to rotate under the influence of the main magnetic field. The insulating end cap is used for inter-turn insulation and PS-side limiting. The oil baffle cap is used to prevent oil leakage from the oil-impregnated bearing. The E-ring is used for axial limiting on the CS side. The adjusting shims are used to precisely adjust the axial movement by increasing or decreasing their number, and the rubber shims are used to reduce noise and vibration caused by axial movement.

[0008] The stator section includes a frame, ferrite permanent magnets, a damping aluminum plate, and a mounting bracket. The ferrite permanent magnets are fixed to the frame with adhesive, serving as the main magnetic field source, and preferably employ an eccentric pole arc design to reduce electromagnetic noise. The damping aluminum plate is installed inside the frame, located beside the ferrite permanent magnets, to prevent damage to the permanent magnets during motor transfer and operation. The mounting bracket is fixed to the outer wall of the frame, and its dimensions meet customer installation requirements, facilitating the replacement of existing motors without increasing mold costs.

[0009] The CS end cover includes a CS end cover, carbon brush A, carbon brush B, carbon brush holder, PCB board, rubber pad, retaining ring, bearing, bearing spring, left inductor, right inductor, capacitor, positive terminal, negative terminal, spring, and wiring harness. A fixing post with a limiting groove, matching the rubber pad, is fixed to the upper surface edge of the CS end cover. The rubber pad is used for shock absorption between the PCB board and the CS end cover, and is fixed by the retaining ring within the limiting groove on the fixing post. The bearing is mounted on the circumferential side of the adjusting shim, and is installed in the bearing seat of the frame and the CS end cover to support the rotation of the motor shaft. The bearing spring applies an axial elastic preload to the bearing.

[0010] The carbon brush holders are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the upper surface of the PCB board. Carbon brush A and carbon brush B are fixed within the carbon brush holders. The carbon brushes preferably employ an offset angle and point contact design to simultaneously reduce electromagnetic noise and electromagnetic radiation and emission. The left and right inductors are disposed on the CS end cap and located on both sides of the capacitor; this dual-inductor configuration not only serves as a filter, reducing electromagnetic radiation and improving EMC performance, but also provides mutual inductance. Springs are disposed at the tails of carbon brushes A and B within the carbon brush holders to maintain good contact between carbon brushes A and B and the commutator; their initial pressure is designed to optimize noise, commutation, and lifespan.

[0011] One end of the positive terminal is electrically connected to the positive lead of the wiring harness, and the other end is electrically connected to the left inductor; one end of the negative terminal is electrically connected to the right inductor, and the other end is electrically connected to the negative lead of the wiring harness; the wiring harness is used to connect to an external DC power supply. The current path is as follows: from the positive terminal of the wiring harness, through the positive terminal, the left inductor, and the positive carbon brush, it flows into the armature portion, then through the negative carbon brush, the right inductor, and the negative terminal, and finally flows out from the negative terminal of the wiring harness.

[0012] Furthermore, the circumferential side of the shaft tail is provided with a limiting groove that matches the E-shaped ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the oil baffle is installed on the shaft at the bearing location to prevent oil leakage from the oil-impregnated bearing.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjusting shims and rubber shims are sleeved on the shaft to adjust the axial movement and reduce vibration and noise.

[0015] Furthermore, the E-ring is fixed to the CS side of the shaft for axial positioning.

[0016] Furthermore, the copper terminals of the carbon brush holder are bent and fixed to the PCB board by riveting.

[0017] Furthermore, the capacitor's material, capacitance, and accuracy are selected based on the working environment, resistance to high and low temperatures, humidity, voltage resistance, insulation, loss, operating conditions, and cutoff frequency.

[0018] Furthermore, the CS end cap portion is fixed to the frame by two hooks.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Structural optimization and cost reduction: Adopting a permanent magnet brushed DC motor structure, through ferrite permanent magnets, pole arc eccentric design, carbon brush bracket copper terminal bending and riveting process, material costs and assembly difficulty are significantly reduced while ensuring performance. It can replace existing motors without increasing customers' mold costs, meet low-cost requirements, and help to open up new markets.

[0020] 2. Improved Electromagnetic Noise and EMC Performance: Through multiple measures such as eccentric polarity design, carbon brush offset angle and point contact design, dual inductor mutual inductance filtering, and optimized capacitor selection, electromagnetic noise is effectively reduced, electromagnetic radiation and emission are reduced, and EMC performance is significantly improved.

[0021] 3. Precise control of axial movement: By using E-ring limiters and adjusting the number of shims, along with rubber shims, the amount of axial movement can be precisely controlled, reducing the resulting noise and vibration.

[0022] 4. Enhanced reliability: An oil baffle cap is installed to prevent bearing oil leakage and failure; a shock-absorbing aluminum plate is installed to prevent damage to the permanent magnet; and rubber pads and retaining rings work together to reduce vibration and noise, significantly improving motor life and operational stability.

[0023] 5. High versatility and manufacturability: The design takes into account the versatility of different power ranges and whether there are EMC requirements, while also taking into account the feasibility of material processing and assembly. The strong applicability of materials ensures that the motor can not only be designed, but also mass-produced and adapted to market demands.

[0024] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 An exploded view of a fan motor for a vehicle-mounted refrigerator; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a fan motor for a vehicle-mounted refrigerator. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the CS end cap portion in this invention.

[0027] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 111. Armature section; 222. Stator section; 333. CS end cover section; 1. Shaft; 2. Ferrite permanent magnet; 3. Insulating end cover; 4. Rotor core; 5. Enamelled wire; 6. Commutator; 7. Snap ring; 8. Rubber pad; 9. Bearing; 10. Adjusting shim; 11. Rubber pad; 12. Frame; 13. Vibration damping aluminum plate; 14. Mounting bracket; 15. E-ring; 16. Oil baffle cap; 17. Capacitor; 18. CS end cover; 19. Bearing spring; 20. Wiring harness; 21. Carbon brush bracket; 22. Carbon brush A; 23. PCB board; 24. Carbon brush B; 25. Spring; 26. Right inductor; 27. Left inductor; 28. Negative terminal; 29. ​​Positive terminal; 30. Claw. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "middle," "outer," "inner," etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-3 As shown, the present invention is a vehicle refrigerator fan motor, which is a permanent magnet brushed DC motor, including an armature part 111, a stator part 222 and a CS end cover part 333.

[0032] The armature part 111 is located in the center of the motor and specifically includes a shaft 1, an oil baffle cap 16, an adjusting shim 10, a rubber shim 11, an E-ring 15, an insulating end cover 3, a rotor core 4, an enameled wire 5, and a commutator 6.

[0033] The tail end of the shaft 1 has a limiting groove that matches the E-ring 15. Adjusting shims 10 and rubber shims 11 are provided on both sides of the shaft 1 from the inside out. At the tail end of the shaft 1, above the adjusting shims 10 and rubber shims 11, are sequentially arranged an oil baffle cap 16, an E-ring 15, a commutator 6, a rotor core 4, and an insulating end cap 3. The enameled wire 5 is wound on the rotor core 4. During assembly, the E-ring 15 engages with the limiting groove at the tail end of the shaft 1, achieving axial limiting on the CS side. Those skilled in the art can adjust the number of adjusting shims 10 based on the axial movement measured after actual assembly to achieve optimal control. The rubber shims 11 are used to absorb vibration and further reduce noise.

[0034] The stator part 222 serves as the peripheral fixed component of the motor, including the frame 12, the ferrite permanent magnet 2, the shock-absorbing aluminum plate 13, and the mounting bracket 14.

[0035] The ferrite permanent magnet 2 adopts an eccentric arc design and is fixed to the inner wall of the frame 12 by adhesive application. The shock-absorbing aluminum plate 13 is installed inside the frame 12 and is set close to the side of the ferrite permanent magnet 2 to prevent damage to the permanent magnet due to vibration during motor transfer or operation. The mounting bracket 14 is fixed to the outer wall of the frame 12, and its shape and mounting hole dimensions strictly match the customer's existing installation requirements to ensure seamless replacement.

[0036] The CS end cover portion 333 is an integrated component at the tail end of the motor, including the CS end cover 18, carbon brush A22, carbon brush B24, carbon brush bracket 21, PCB board 23, rubber pad 8, retaining ring 7, bearing 9, bearing spring 19, left inductor 27, right inductor 26, capacitor 17, positive terminal 29, negative terminal 28, spring 25, and wiring harness 20.

[0037] The upper surface edge of the CS end cap 18 is provided with a fixing post with a limiting groove. During assembly, first place the rubber pad 8 at the corresponding position of the CS end cap 18, then place the PCB board 23 on the rubber pad 8, and finally use the retaining ring 7 to snap into the limiting groove on the fixing post to firmly press the PCB board 23 and achieve elastic shock absorption and fixation.

[0038] Bearing 9 is mounted on shaft 1 and located in bearing seats in frame 12 and CS end cover 18, respectively, to support the rotation of shaft 1. Bearing spring 19 applies axial elastic preload to bearing 9, which, together with adjusting shim 10, E-ring 15, etc., precisely controls axial movement.

[0039] Carbon brush holders 21 are symmetrically fixed to the upper surface of the PCB board 23. The copper terminals of the carbon brush holders 21 are bent and fixed to the PCB board 23 by riveting. Carbon brushes A22 and B24 are fixed in the two carbon brush holders 21 respectively, and adopt an offset angle and point contact design. Springs 25 are set at the tails of carbon brushes A22 and B24 in the carbon brush holders 21, and continuously apply appropriate initial pressure to push the carbon brushes to maintain good contact with the commutator 6.

[0040] Left inductor 27 and right inductor 26 are mounted on the CS end cover 18, positioned on either side of capacitor 17. Capacitor 17 is made of X7R or equivalent material, selected based on operating environment, high and low temperature resistance, humidity resistance, voltage withstand, insulation, loss, operating conditions, and cutoff frequency, with optimized capacitance and accuracy. One end of positive terminal 29 is connected to the positive lead of wiring harness 20, and the other end is connected to left inductor 27; the other end of left inductor 27 is connected to carbon brush B24. One end of negative terminal 28 is connected to right inductor 26, and the other end is connected to the negative lead of wiring harness 20; the other end of right inductor 26 is connected to carbon brush A22. Wiring harness 20 extends outside the motor for connection to a 12V or 24V vehicle DC power supply.

[0041] Finally, the CS end cover 333 is mechanically engaged and fixed to the frame 12 by two hooks 30, completing the overall assembly of the motor.

[0042] The working process of the motor of the present invention is as follows: An external DC power supply inputs operating current through wiring harness 20. The current flows sequentially through positive terminal 29, left inductor 27, carbon brush B24, commutator 6, enameled wire 5 on rotor core 4, carbon brush A22, right inductor 26, and negative terminal 28, forming a closed circuit. Under the commutation action of commutator 6, the armature winding generates an alternating armature magnetic field. This magnetic field interacts with the main magnetic field generated by the ferrite permanent magnet 2 to produce electromagnetic torque, driving shaft 1 to rotate in a specified direction, thereby driving the external fan impeller to rotate, achieving forced convection or heat dissipation.

[0043] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," and "specific example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0044] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted refrigerator fan motor, which is a permanent magnet brushed DC motor, characterized in that: It includes the armature part (111), the stator part (222), and the CS end cover part (333); The armature part (111) includes a shaft (1), an oil baffle (16), an adjusting shim (10), a rubber shim (11), an E-ring (15), an insulating end cap (3), a rotor core (4), an enameled wire (5), and a commutator (6); the shaft (1) has adjusting shims (10) and rubber shims (11) arranged from the inside to the outside on both sides of its circumference. The oil baffle (16), E-ring (15), commutator (6), rotor core (4), and insulating end cap (3) are arranged in sequence above the adjusting shims (10) and rubber shims (11) at the tail end of the shaft (1). The enameled wire (5) is arranged on the rotor core (4). The stator part (222) includes a frame (12), a ferrite permanent magnet (2), a shock-absorbing aluminum plate (13), and a mounting bracket (14); the ferrite permanent magnet (2) is fixed to the frame (12) by applying adhesive, the shock-absorbing aluminum plate (13) is installed inside the frame (12) and located next to the ferrite permanent magnet (2); the mounting bracket (14) is fixed to the outer wall of the frame (12); The CS end cover (333) includes a CS end cover (18), carbon brush A (22), carbon brush B (24), carbon brush bracket (21), PCB board (23), rubber pad (8), retaining ring (7), bearing (9), bearing spring (19), left inductor (27), right inductor (26), capacitor (17), positive terminal (29), negative terminal (28), spring (25), and wire harness (20). A fixing post with a limiting groove matching the rubber pad (8) is fixed to the edge of the upper surface of the CS end cover (18). A rubber pad (8) is provided between the PCB board (23) and the CS end cover (18) for shock absorption, and is fixed by the retaining ring (7) in the limiting groove on the fixing post. A bearing (9) is installed on the circumferential side of the shaft (1) outside the adjusting shim (10). The bearing (9) is installed in the bearing seat of the frame (12) and the CS end cover (18) to support the rotation of the motor shaft (1). The bearing spring (19) is used to apply axial elastic preload to the bearing; carbon brush brackets (21) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the upper surface of the PCB board (23), and carbon brush A (22) and carbon brush B (24) are fixed in the carbon brush brackets (21) respectively; the left inductor (27) and right inductor (26) are set on the CS end cap (18) and located on both sides of the capacitor (17); the spring (25) is set in the carbon brush bracket (21) for carbon brush A (22) and carbon brush B (24). The tail of brush B (24) is used to ensure good contact between carbon brush A (22), carbon brush B (24) and commutator (6); one end of the positive terminal (29) is electrically connected to the positive lead of the wiring harness (20), and the other end is electrically connected to the left inductor (27); one end of the negative terminal (28) is electrically connected to the right inductor (26), and the other end is electrically connected to the negative lead of the wiring harness (20); the wiring harness (20) is used to connect to an external DC power supply.

2. The vehicle-mounted refrigerator fan motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaft (1) has a limiting groove on its circumferential side at the tail end that matches the E-ring (15).

3. The vehicle-mounted refrigerator fan motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil baffle cap (16) is installed on the shaft (1) at the bearing (9) to prevent oil leakage from the bearing.

4. The vehicle-mounted refrigerator fan motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting shim (10) and rubber shim (11) are sleeved on the shaft (1) to adjust the axial movement and reduce vibration and noise.

5. A vehicle-mounted refrigerator fan motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The E-ring (15) is fixed to the CS end cap side of the shaft (1) for axial positioning.

6. A vehicle-mounted refrigerator fan motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shock-absorbing aluminum plate (13) is installed next to the ferrite permanent magnet (2) to prevent damage to the permanent magnet.

7. A vehicle-mounted refrigerator fan motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The copper terminals of the carbon brush holder (21) are bent and fixed to the PCB board (23) by riveting.

8. A vehicle-mounted refrigerator fan motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CS end cap portion (333) is fixed to the frame (12) by two hooks (30).

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