An adaptive wire board assembly and motor having the same
By designing an adaptive wire board assembly, the assembly stress problem caused by the rigid structure of traditional wire board assemblies is solved, enabling high-precision, low-stress, and convenient motor assembly, thereby improving the motor's operational stability and assembly efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NINGBO DECHANG TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
Smart Images
Figure CN122437296A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor-related technology, and in particular to an adaptive wire board assembly and a motor having the same. Background Technology
[0002] The wire board assembly is a key component for realizing circuit connection and terminal positioning inside the motor. It is mainly used to integrate the conductive terminals of each phase, realize the transfer of winding leads, and provide an installation reference for subsequent assembly with PCB board and heat sink. It is widely used in various permanent magnet motors, drive motors and other products. Its structural design directly affects the assembly accuracy, electrical reliability and overall operating performance of the motor.
[0003] Traditional circuit board assemblies are mostly rigid integral structures, which have significant limitations in actual production and assembly: On the one hand, the plastic molding of terminals is prone to dimensional deviations due to material shrinkage, resulting in large assembly stress when the terminals mate with the mounting holes on the heat sink. This can easily cause the heat sink to misalign, which in turn affects the coaxiality of the stator and rotor air gap, leading to problems such as large cogging torque, significant torque fluctuations, and poor NVH performance. On the other hand, dimensional deviations make it difficult for terminals to assemble with the mounting holes on the PCB, greatly reducing assembly accuracy and easily causing hidden dangers such as assembly jamming, poor soldering, and short circuits. This not only reduces assembly efficiency but also affects the stability and service life of the motor.
[0004] In summary, there is a current need for a low-stress, high-precision, and easy-to-install adaptive wire board assembly and a motor incorporating it. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a low-stress, high-precision, and easy-to-install adaptive wire board assembly and a motor having the same.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An adaptive wireboard assembly, comprising: Busbar; The U, V, and W three-phase terminals are fixed on the busbar. The pressure relief groove is formed on the manifold and consists of two radial through grooves symmetrically arranged around the circumference of the manifold. The support foot is disposed at the radial through groove and is used to bridge the two side walls of the radial through groove.
[0007] By incorporating a stress-relief groove consisting of two circumferentially symmetrical radial through slots on the busbar, and utilizing support feet spanning the groove walls, the busbar as a whole possesses self-adaptive deformation capabilities. During assembly, the stress-relief groove effectively releases the assembly stress generated during the assembly of the guide ribs and radiator mounting holes, preventing radiator misalignment and ensuring the coaxiality of the motor stator and rotor air gaps. Simultaneously, the support feet maintain structural connection strength while providing flexible adjustment characteristics to the circuit board, offsetting dimensional deviations caused by plastic shrinkage, improving the assembly accuracy and welding reliability of terminals and PCB boards, reducing the risks of incomplete soldering and short circuits. The overall structure is simple, with lower processing costs, significantly improving motor assembly efficiency and operational stability.
[0008] Preferably, the busbar is also provided with a GND terminal, and the U, V, and W three-phase terminals are provided with terminal pins. The GND terminal and the terminal pins are arranged on the same layer on the busbar. By arranging the GND terminal and the terminal pins of the U, V, and W three-phase terminals on the same layer on the busbar, the insulation distance between each terminal is effectively increased, the withstand voltage safety and axial space utilization are improved, the structural bulkiness and material waste caused by axial stacking are avoided, and the terminals do not interfere with each other, further improving assembly accuracy and electrical reliability.
[0009] Preferably, the GND terminal and the U, V, and W three-phase terminals are all fixed to the busbar by external plastic coating, and the outer plastic coating portion of the U, V, and W three-phase terminals is provided with guide ribs. By using external plastic coating to fix the GND terminal and the U, V, and W three-phase terminals, reliable insulation and structural fixation between the terminals are achieved, and guide ribs are formed on the outer plastic coating portion of the U, V, and W three-phase terminals, providing stable guidance for subsequent assembly with the heat sink holes, ensuring accurate and uniform assembly position, while simplifying the overall structure and facilitating molding and mass production.
[0010] Preferably, the head of the guide rib has a guide slope, and the angle between the guide slope and the axis of the U, V, W three-phase terminals is less than 30°. By setting the angle between the guide slope of the guide rib head and the axis of the U, V, W three-phase terminals to less than 30°, a sufficiently gentle guide slope can be formed when inserting into the heat sink hole, making assembly smoother and less labor-intensive, while achieving precise guiding positioning, improving the fitting accuracy between the terminal and the heat sink hole and the assembly stability.
[0011] Preferably, the support foot is concave, and the ends of the two sides of the support foot are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the radial through groove. The concave structure of the support foot, with its ends connected to the side walls of the radial through groove, provides stable structural connection strength for the manifold while also allowing sufficient deformation space. This further enhances the adaptive flexibility of the line plate assembly, better releases assembly stress, and offsets dimensional deviations caused by plastic shrinkage.
[0012] The present invention also provides an electric motor, including a housing and the aforementioned wire plate assembly. A stator assembly and a rotor assembly are fixed inside the housing. The rotor assembly is located inside the stator assembly. One side of the wire plate assembly is fixed to and electrically connected to the axial end face of the stator assembly. A heat sink is provided on the other side of the wire plate assembly. The heat sink has heat sink holes that match the U, V, and W three-phase terminals. The heat sink is installed on the other side of the wire plate assembly through the heat sink holes and the insertion and engagement of the U, V, and W three-phase terminals.
[0013] By adopting the aforementioned adaptive wire plate assembly, this motor can effectively offset assembly stress and plastic shrinkage deviation, ensure the coaxiality of the radiator and stator / rotor assembly, improve the motor's operating stability, NVH performance and welding reliability, and at the same time, the assembly is smoother and more efficient, with higher overall structural precision and lower cost.
[0014] Preferably, the U, V, and W three-phase terminals are fitted tightly with the heat sink holes without any gaps via guide ribs. By ensuring a tight fit between the U, V, and W three-phase terminals and the heat sink holes without any gaps, it is ensured that the terminals remain in a centered position, further offsetting dimensional deviations caused by plastic shrinkage and guaranteeing assembly accuracy and positional stability.
[0015] Preferably, a PCB board is fixed to the side of the heat sink facing away from the wiring board assembly, and the U, V, and W three-phase terminals pass through the holes in the heat sink and are fixed to the PCB board. This ensures reliable terminal connection and, with the high-precision positioning of the heat sink, achieves accurate docking between the terminals and the PCB board, effectively avoiding problems such as poor soldering and short circuits, and improving the stability of the motor's electrical connection.
[0016] Preferably, the PCB board has PCB holes that match the U, V, and W three-phase terminals. These PCB holes and the U, V, and W three-phase terminals are interlocked and fixed by soldering. By providing PCB holes on the PCB board that match the U, V, and W three-phase terminals, the terminals are precisely interlocked with the PCB holes before being soldered. Combined with the high-precision positioning of the heat sink holes, this significantly improves soldering accuracy and connection reliability, effectively avoiding problems such as incomplete soldering, short circuits, and poor contact, ensuring stable conduction of the motor's electrical circuit.
[0017] Preferably, a cover is also fixed to the side of the heat sink facing away from the wire board assembly, and the PCB board is located inside the cover. By setting a cover on the side of the heat sink facing away from the wire board assembly and placing the PCB board inside the cover, effective protection can be provided for the PCB board and electrical components, avoiding damage caused by external impacts, and improving the overall safety and service life of the motor.
[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it can effectively release the assembly stress generated during the assembly of the guide ribs and the radiator mounting holes, avoid radiator misalignment, and ensure the coaxiality of the air gap between the motor stator and rotor; it improves the assembly accuracy and welding reliability of the terminals and PCB board; it improves the motor assembly efficiency and operational stability; it effectively increases the insulation distance between each terminal, improves the withstand voltage safety and axial space utilization, and avoids structural bulkiness and material waste caused by axial stacking; each terminal does not interfere with each other, further improving assembly accuracy and electrical reliability; assembly is smoother and less labor-intensive; it improves the matching accuracy and assembly stability of the terminals and radiator holes; it offsets the dimensional deviation caused by plastic shrinkage, ensuring assembly accuracy and positional stability; it can effectively protect the PCB board and electrical components, avoiding damage caused by external force collisions, and improving the overall safety and service life of the motor. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of a wire board assembly; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a right view of the wire board assembly; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a structure where the U, V, and W three-phase terminals are arranged on the same layer as the GND terminal; Figure 5 This is a front view of an electric motor; Figure 6 This is a partially exploded view of an electric motor; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an electric motor; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 9 This is a view of one end face of a radiator.
[0020] In the diagram: 1. Busbar, 2. U, V, W three-phase terminals, 3. Drainage groove, 4. Support foot, 5. GND terminal, 6. Terminal pin, 7. Guide rib, 8. Rotor assembly, 9. Stator assembly, 10. Heat sink hole, 11. PCB board, 12. Cover, 13. Housing, 14. Heat sink. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this application or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0022] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0023] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values of components illustrated in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. For ease of illustration, spatial relative terms such as “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right” are used in the embodiments to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figures relative to another element or feature. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientations shown in the figures, spatial terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, an element described as being “below” other elements or features would be fixed “upper” to other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “lower” can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be fixed in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or located in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein can be interpreted accordingly. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the figures are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, processes, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, processes, and equipment should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be discussed further in subsequent figures.
[0024] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.
[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the described embodiments, an adaptive wireboard assembly includes: Busbar 1; U, V, W three-phase terminals 2 are fixed on the busbar 1; The pressure relief groove 3 is formed on the manifold 1 and is composed of two radial through grooves symmetrically arranged around the manifold 1. Support foot 4 is located at the radial through groove and is used to bridge the two sides of the radial through groove.
[0026] The busbar 1 is also equipped with a GND terminal 5, and the U, V and W three-phase terminals 2 are equipped with terminal PIN6. The GND terminal 5 and terminal PIN6 are arranged on the same layer on the busbar 1.
[0027] The GND terminal 5 and the U, V, W three-phase terminals 2 are all fixed to the busbar 1 by external plastic coating. The outer plastic coating of the U, V, W three-phase terminals 2 is provided with guide ribs 7.
[0028] The head of the guide rib 7 has a guide slope, and the angle between the guide slope and the axis of the three-phase terminals 2 (U, V, W) is less than 30°.
[0029] The support leg 4 is concave in shape, and the ends of the two sides of the support leg 4 are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the radial through groove.
[0030] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the present invention also provides a motor, including a housing 13 and the aforementioned wire plate assembly. A stator assembly 9 and a rotor assembly 8 are fixed inside the housing 13. The rotor assembly 8 is placed inside the stator assembly 9. One side of the wire plate assembly is fixed to the axial end face of the stator assembly 9 and electrically connected to it (the wire plate assembly is connected to the stator assembly 9 through stator winding leads). A heat sink 14 is provided on the other side of the wire plate assembly. The heat sink 14 is provided with heat sink holes 10 that match the U, V, W three-phase terminals 2. The heat sink 14 is installed on the other side of the wire plate assembly through the heat sink holes 10 and the insertion and cooperation of the U, V, W three-phase terminals 2.
[0031] Stator assembly 9: fixed to the inner diameter of housing 13; Rotor assembly 8: connected to radiator 14 at one end and housing 13 at the other end via bearings at both ends, corresponding to stator assembly 9. Both stator assembly 9 and rotor assembly 8 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail.
[0032] The UVW three-phase terminals are tightly fitted with the heat sink holes 10 without gaps via the guide ribs 7.
[0033] A PCB board 11 is fixed on the side of the heat sink 14 that is opposite to the circuit board assembly. The U, V and W three-phase terminals 2 pass through the heat sink holes 10 and are fixed on the PCB board 11.
[0034] The PCB board 11 has PCB board holes that match the U, V, W three-phase terminals 2. The PCB board holes and the U, V, W three-phase terminals 2 are connected to each other and fixed by soldering.
[0035] The side of the heat sink 14 facing away from the circuit board assembly is also fixed with a cover 12, and the PCB board 11 is located inside the cover 12.
[0036] During assembly, the heat sink 14 is inserted through the heat sink hole 10 and into the guide ribs 7 on the U, V, and W three-phase terminals 2. The guide slope at the head of the guide rib 7 ensures smooth insertion. When dimensional deviations occur due to shrinkage of the plastic coating or processing errors, the stress relief groove 3 on the busbar 1 undergoes slight adaptive deformation. Combined with the elastic adjustment of the concave support foot 4, this effectively releases assembly stress and prevents the heat sink 14 from tilting. At the same time, the GND terminal 5 and the terminal PIN 6 are arranged on the same layer on the busbar 1, ensuring sufficient insulation spacing. After passing through the heat sink hole 10, the U, V, and W three-phase terminals 2 are precisely inserted into and soldered to the PCB holes on the PCB board 11. Finally, the casing 12 provides protection for the internal electrical structure.
[0037] This invention forms a composite structure of "rigid foundation + flexible adjustment" through the coordinated design of the stress relief groove 3 and the support foot 4: two circumferentially symmetrical radial through grooves extend along the radius of the manifold 1, maximizing the release of circumferential and axial assembly stress, and avoiding deformation and displacement of the manifold 1 through symmetrical layout; the arc-shaped middle of the concave support foot 4 is reserved for deformation redundancy. When the U, V, W three-phase terminals 2 have dimensional deviations due to plastic shrinkage, the support foot 4 can compensate for the deviation through small elastic deformation, so that the terminal PIN6 always maintains precise positioning. At the same time, the rigid connection between its side end and the groove wall of the stress relief groove 3 ensures the structural stability of the manifold 1 under long-term vibration environment and avoids the risk of cracking due to stress concentration. With the GND terminal 5 and terminal PIN6 arranged in the same layer, and the guide rib 7 with guide slope, the entire line board assembly achieves multiple functions of "stress release, deviation compensation, precise guidance, and safe insulation". It not only solves the assembly pain points of traditional rigid structures, but also achieves lightweight and low-cost design through structural optimization, adapting to the application requirements of high-speed and high-precision motors.
[0038] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. An adaptive wireboard assembly, characterized in that it comprises: Busbar (1); The U, V, W three-phase terminals (2) are fixed on the busbar (1); The pressure relief groove (3) is formed on the manifold (1) and consists of two radial through grooves symmetrically arranged around the manifold (1); Support foot (4) is provided at the radial through groove and is used to cross the two sides of the radial through groove.
2. An adaptive wire board assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The busbar (1) is also provided with a GND terminal (5), and the U, V, W three-phase terminals (2) are provided with terminal PINs (6). The GND terminal (5) and terminal PINs (6) are arranged on the same layer on the busbar (1).
3. An adaptive wire board assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The GND terminal (5) and the U, V, W three-phase terminals (2) are all fixed on the busbar (1) by external plastic wrapping. The outer plastic wrapping part of the U, V, W three-phase terminals (2) is provided with guide ribs (7).
4. An adaptive wire board assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The head of the guide rib (7) has a guide slope, and the angle between the guide slope and the axis of the U, V, W three-phase terminals (2) is less than 30°.
5. An adaptive wire board assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support foot (4) is concave in shape, and the ends of the two sides of the support foot (4) are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the radial through groove.
6. An electric motor, characterized in that, The assembly includes a housing (13) and a wire board assembly as described in any one of claims 1-5. A stator assembly (9) and a rotor assembly (8) are fixed inside the housing (13). The rotor assembly (8) is placed inside the stator assembly (9). One side of the wire board assembly is fixed to the axial end face of the stator assembly (9) and electrically connected thereto. A heat sink (14) is provided on the other side of the wire board assembly. The heat sink (14) is provided with heat sink holes (10) that match the three-phase terminals (2) of U, V, and W. The heat sink (14) is installed on the other side of the wire board assembly through the heat sink holes (10) and the three-phase terminals (2) of U, V, and W.
7. The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The U, V, W three-phase terminals (2) are connected to the heat sink holes (10) without gaps by the guide ribs (7).
8. The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The radiator (14) has a PCB board (11) fixed on the side facing away from the circuit board assembly. The U, V, W three-phase terminals (2) pass through the radiator holes (10) and are fixed on the PCB board (11).
9. The motor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The PCB board (11) is provided with PCB board holes that match the U, V, W three-phase terminals (2). The PCB board holes and the U, V, W three-phase terminals (2) are inserted into each other and fixed by welding.
10. The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat sink (14) is also fixed to a cover (12) on the side facing away from the board assembly, and the PCB board (11) is located inside the cover (12).